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| Registros recuperados: 10.106 | |
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| Marull, Joan; Barcelona Institute of Regional and Metropolitan Studies (IERMB), Autonomous University of Barcelona; joan.marull@uab.cat; Tello, Enric; Department of Economic History and Institutions, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Barcelona; tello@ub.edu; Diana, Giovanna L.; Barcelona Institute of Regional and Metropolitan Studies (IERMB), Autonomous University of Barcelona; gio.diana87@libero.it; Pons, Manel; Barcelona Institute of Regional and Metropolitan Studies (IERMB), Autonomous University of Barcelona; manel.pons.sanvidal@uab.cat; Coll, Francesc; Barcelona Institute of Regional and Metropolitan Studies (IERMB), Autonomous University of Barcelona; Francesc.Coll@uab.cat. |
| The effects of land abandonment on biodiversity have received considerable attention by scholars, but results are far from conclusive. Different cultural traditions of scientists seem to underlie the contrasting ways in which land abandonment is understood. Although the forest transition (FT) framework considers land abandonment as an opportunity for biodiversity conservation, European landscape ecologists characterize it as a threat. We use insights from both traditions to analyze the effects of land abandonment on landscape and biodiversity in a mountain area of metropolitan Barcelona. We do so through an in-depth historical case study covering a period of 160 years. A set of landscape metrics was applied to land-cover maps derived from cadastral... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; Cultural landscape; Forest transition; Land abandonment; Landscape changes; Landscape structure; Land-use change; Land-use mosaic; Mediterranean; Peasant management. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Scheffer, Marten; Wageningen Agricultural University, The Netherlands; Marten.Scheffer@wur.nl; Carpenter, Stephen R.; Center for Limnology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA; srcarpen@wisc.edu; Clarke, Laurie B.; School of Education, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA; lbclark@wisc.edu; Folke, Carl; Beijer International Institute of Ecological Economics, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Sweden; carl.folke@beijer.kva.se; Sala, Osvaldo; School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, USA; Osvaldo.Sala@asu.edu; Westley, Frances R.; University of Waterloo, School of Environment Enterprise and Development (SEED), Environment 3 (EV3), Waterloo, Canada; fwestley@uwaterloo.ca. |
| Recent studies provide compelling evidence for the idea that creative thinking draws upon two kinds of processes linked to distinct physiological features, and stimulated under different conditions. In short, the fast system-I produces intuition whereas the slow and deliberate system-II produces reasoning. System-I can help see novel solutions and associations instantaneously, but is prone to error. System-II has other biases, but can help checking and modifying the system-I results. Although thinking is the core business of science, the accepted ways of doing our work focus almost entirely on facilitating system-II. We discuss the role of system-I thinking in past scientific breakthroughs, and argue that scientific progress may be catalyzed by creating... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
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| Ano: 2015 |
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| Blenckner, Thorsten; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University; thorsten.blenckner@stockholmresilience.su.se; Kannen, Andreas; Institute for Coastal Research, Human Dimensions in Coastal Areas; Andreas.Kannen@hzg.de; Barausse, Alberto; University of Padova;; Fischer, Christian; Institute for Coastal Research, Human Dimensions in Coastal Areas; Christian.Fischer@hzg.de; Heymans, Johanna J.; Scottish Association for Marine Science, Scottish Marine Institute;; Luisetti, Tiziana; Centre for Social and Economic Research on the Global Environment (CSERGE), School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia;; Todorova, Valentin; Institute of Oceanology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences;; Valman, Matilda; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University;; Mee, Laurence; Scottish Association for Marine Science, Scottish Marine Institute; laurence.mee@sams.ac.uk. |
| Marine environments have undergone large-scale changes in recent decades as a result of multiple anthropogenic pressures, such as overfishing, eutrophication, habitat fragmentation, etc., causing often nonlinear ecosystem responses. At the same time, management institutions lack the appropriate measures to address these abrupt transformations. We focus on existing examples from social–ecological systems of European seas that can be used to inform and advise future management. Examples from the Black Sea and the Baltic Sea on long-term ecosystem changes caused by eutrophication and fisheries, as well as changes in management institutions, illustrate nonlinear dynamics in social–ecological systems. Furthermore, we present two major future... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Ecosystem-based management; Regime shifts; Scenarios. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Hoffman Babbitt, Christina; School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln; christinahoffmanm@gmail.com; Burbach, Mark; School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln; mburbach1@unl.edu; Pennisi, Lisa; School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln; lpennisi2@unl.edu. |
| To address increasing conflicts between surface water and groundwater users, the state of Nebraska has adopted a more localized and integrated approach in managing water resources. Integrated approaches offer promise in better managing connected water resources within the state; however, little review of the potential benefits and/or challenges of these actions has been conducted. This case study uses both qualitative and quantitative data collection efforts to take an in-depth look at how this new and innovative management system is working through the eyes of stakeholders living and working in the basin. Data collection reveals that overall the current water management system is working relatively well, even though it is still in its infancy. However,... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Common pool resources; Governance; Integrated water resources management; Mixed-methods research. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| McAlpine, Clive A.; The University of Queensland, School of Geography, Planning and Environmental Management and National Environmental Decisions Research Hub, Brisbane, Australia; c.mcalpine@uq.edu.au; Seabrook, Leonie M.; The University of Queensland, School of Geography, Planning and Environmental Management and National Environmental Decisions Research Hub, Brisbane, Australia; l.seabrook@uq.edu.au; Ryan, Justin G.; The University of Queensland, School of Geography, Planning and Environmental Management and National Environmental Decisions Research Hub, Brisbane, Australia; justin.ryan@uq.edu.au; Feeney, Brian J.; The University of Queensland, School of Geography, Planning and Environmental Management and National Environmental Decisions Research Hub, Brisbane, Australia; bjfeeney@gmail.com; Ripple, William J.; Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon; bill.ripple@oregonstate.edu; Ehrlich, Anne H.; Center for Conservation Biology, Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California; aehrlich@stanford.edu; Ehrlich, Paul R.; Center for Conservation Biology, Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California; pre@stanford.edu. |
| Many ecologists and environmental scientists witnessing the scale of current environmental change are becoming increasingly alarmed about how humanity is pushing the boundaries of the Earth’s systems beyond sustainable levels. The world urgently needs global society to redirect itself toward a more sustainable future: one that moves intergenerational equity and environmental sustainability to the top of the political agenda, and to the core of personal and societal belief systems. Scientific and technological innovations are not enough: the global community, individuals, civil society, corporations, and governments, need to adjust their values and beliefs to one in which sustainability becomes the new global paradigm society. We argue that the... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed article |
Palavras-chave: Behavioral change; Connectedness; Innovative leadership; Societal values; Transformational change; Transition management. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Martin, Stephanie; Institute of Social and Economic Research, University of Alaska Anchorage; slmartinak@gmail.com. |
| I explored one aspect of social-ecological change in the context of an Alaskan human-Rangifer system, with the goal of understanding household adaptive responses to perturbations when there are multiple forces of change at play. I focused on households as one element of social resilience. Resilience is in the context of transition theory, in which communities are continually in a process of change, and perturbations are key points in the transition process. This case study of Anaktuvuk Pass, Alaska, USA, contributes to the understanding of cultural continuity and household resilience in times of rapid change by using household survey data from 1978 to 2003 to understand how households adapted to changes in the cash economy that came with oil development at... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Anaktuvuk Pass; Resilience. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Waring, Timothy M; Mitchell Center for Sustainability Solutions and School of Economics, University of Maine; timothy.waring@maine.edu; Kline, Michelle Ann; School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University; Institute for Human Origins, Arizona State University; michelle.ann.kline@gmail.com; Brooks, Jeremy S; School of Environment and Natural Resources, The Ohio State University; brooks.719@osu.edu; Goff, Sandra H; School of Economics, University of Maine; Economics Department, Skidmore College; sgoff@skidmore.edu; Gowdy, John; Department of Economics and Department of Science and Technology Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; gowdyj@rpi.edu; Janssen, Marco A; School of Sustainability, Arizona State University; marco.janssen@asu.edu; Smaldino, Paul E; Department of Anthropology, University of California, Davis; paul.smaldino@gmail.com; Jacquet, Jennifer; Department of Environmental Studies, New York University; jj84@nyu.edu. |
| Sustainability theory can help achieve desirable social-ecological states by generalizing lessons across contexts and improving the design of sustainability interventions. To accomplish these goals, we argue that theory in sustainability science must (1) explain the emergence and persistence of social-ecological states, (2) account for endogenous cultural change, (3) incorporate cooperation dynamics, and (4) address the complexities of multilevel social-ecological interactions. We suggest that cultural evolutionary theory broadly, and cultural multilevel selection in particular, can improve on these fronts. We outline a multilevel evolutionary framework for describing social-ecological change and detail how multilevel cooperative dynamics can determine... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Cooperation; Cultural evolution; Multilevel selection; Sustainability; Theory. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Wamsler, Christine; Lund University Centre for Sustainability Studies (LUCSUS), Sweden; Centre for Societal Resilience (CSR), Sweden; Global Urban Research Centre (GURC), Manchester University, UK; christine.wamsler@lucsus.lu.se. |
| The concept of ecosystem-based adaptation is advocated at international, national, and regional levels. The concept is thought to foster sustainability transitions and is receiving increasing interest from academic and governmental bodies alike. However, there is little theory regarding the pathways for its systematic implementation. It furthermore remains unclear to what degree the concept is already applied in urban planning practice, how it is integrated into existing planning structures and processes, and what drivers exist for further integration. Against this background, this study examines potential ways to sustainably mainstream ecosystem-based adaptation into urban planning. Eight municipalities in Southern Germany were investigated to analyze the... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Green infrastructure; Landscape planning; Municipal planning; Resilience; Risk reduction; Sustainability transitions; Sustainable transformation; Urban planning; Urban transformation. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Krasny, Marianne E; Civic Ecology Lab, Department of Natural Resources, Cornell University; mek2@cornell.edu; Silva, Philip; Civic Ecology Lab, Department of Natural Resources, Cornell University; philip.silva@gmail.com; Barr, Cornelia; Gateway Environmental Initiative; cbdub@me.com; Golshani, Zahra; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; golshani@gmail. com; Lee, Eunju; Civic Ecology Lab, Department of Natural Resources, Cornell University; el372@cornell.edu; Ligas, Robert; Five Rivers MetroParks; rligas2@yahoo.com; Mosher, Eve; Seeding the City; eve@evemosher.com; Reynosa, Andrea; Tusten Heritage Community Garden; areynosa@skydogprojects.com. |
| Our aim was to explore the use of practice theory as an approach to studying urban environmental stewardship. Urban environmental stewardship, or civic ecology practice, contributes to ecosystem services and community well-being and has been studied using social-ecological systems resilience, property rights, communities of practice, and governance frameworks. Practice theory, which previously has been applied in studies of consumer behaviors, adds a new perspective to urban stewardship research, focusing on how elements of a practice, such as competencies, meanings, and physical resource, together define the practice. We applied practice theory to eight different civic ecology practices, including oyster gardening in New York City, a civil society group... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Civic ecology; Practice theory; Stewardship; Urban. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Cabello, Violeta; Department of Human Geography, University of Seville; vcabellov@gmail.com; Willaarts, Barbara A.; Research Centre for the Management of Agricultural and Environmental Risks - CEIGRAM, Technical University of Madrid.; barbara.willaarts@upm.es; Aguilar, Monica; Department of Physical Geography, University of Seville; malba@us.es; del Moral Ituarte, Leandro; Department of Human Geography, University of Seville; lmoral@us.es. |
| River basin modeling under complexity requires analytical frameworks capable of dealing with the multiple scales and dimensions of environmental problems as well as uncertainty in the evolution of social systems. Conceptual and methodological developments can now be framed using the wide socio-eco-hydrological approach. We add hierarchy theory into the mix to discuss the conceptualization of river basins as complex, holarchic social-ecological systems. We operationalize the social-ecological systems water metabolism framework in a semiarid watershed in Spain, and add the governance dimension that shapes human-environment reciprocity. To this purpose, we integrate an eco-hydrological model with the societal metabolism accounting scheme for land use, human... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Holarchy; River basin; Socio-eco-hydrology; Social-ecological systems; Water availability; Water metabolism. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Almedom, Astier M; Lund University Centre for Sustainability Studies; Lund University Division of Social Medicine and Global Health; Centre for Societal Resilience, Lund University.; astier.almedom@lucsus.lu.se; O'Byrne, David; Lund University Centre for Sustainability Studies; David.O_Byrne@lucsus.lu.se; Jerneck, Anne; Lund University Centre for Sustainability Studies; anne.jerneck@lucsus.lu.se. |
| We propose two fundamental principles of epistemological accountability with critical methodological implications for studies designed to measure, assess, and/or profile human psychosocial resilience. Firstly, researchers involved in human psychosocial resilience studies owe it to the individuals and communities that they engage to disclose their motives and possible misreadings of the situations they enter, albeit with good intentions. Secondly, researchers and those individuals researched need to share a language of colearning and coproduction, and utilization of knowledge that is mutually intelligible. Again, the onus is on researchers and their funders to respect the researched and their particular epistemological sovereignties. As the number of... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Community resilience; Epistemological accountability; Human resilience; Psychosocial well-being sustainability studies. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Fernández-Giménez, Maria E.; Department of Forest and Rangeland Stewardship, Colorado State University; maria.fernandez-gimenez@colostate.edu. |
| Since the mid-20th century, the Pyrenean pastoral social-ecological system (SES) has undergone socioeconomic and demographic transformations leading to changes in grazing practices and a decline in the livestock industry. Land abandonment has contributed to an ecological transition from herbaceous vegetation cover to shrublands and forests, leading to a loss of ecosystem services, including biodiversity and forage. I interviewed 27 stockmen (ganaderos) in two valleys of the central Pyrenees to document their traditional ecological knowledge and observations of environmental, social, economic, and cultural changes in the valleys. I used poetic analysis, a qualitative data analysis approach, to illustrate and analyze one ganadero’s experience of... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Arts-based analysis; Cultural ecosystem services; Pastoralism; Place attachment; Place identity; Rangelands; Resilience. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Registros recuperados: 10.106 | |
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