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| Registros recuperados: 34 | |
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| Siegrist, S.; Schaub, D.; Pfiffner, L.; Mäder, P.. |
| In a long-term field trial in northwestern Switzerland, the effects of organic and conventional land-use management on earthworm populations and on soil erodibility were investigated. A silt loam soil which had developed in deep deposits of alluvial loess characterised the study site. Three methods were applied to analyse soil erodibility, at three different periods between autumn 1992 and 1993: aggregate stability (measured in the laboratory by a high energy rainfall simulation and by percolation) and soil particle detachment (measured in the field by splash erosion). Earthworm biomass and density, as well as the population diversity, were significantly greater on the organic plots than on the conventional plots. Likewise, the aggregate stability of the... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Soil biology. |
| Ano: 1998 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/26776/1/Siegrist_et_al_1998_AEE.pdf |
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| Zundel, Ch.; Kilcher, L.; Mäder, P.. |
| Despite the high demand for sound data on the agronomic, ecological and economic performance of organic agriculture in developing countries, systematic comparison of organic and conventional farming systems has not so far been carried out. The Research Institute of Organic Farming (FiBL), together with its partners, is presently establishing long-term comparisons of farming systems in various agro-ecological and agro-economic contexts to study the different parameters that are essential for sustainable development. To date, three study areas have been selected: (a) a sub-humid area in Kenya where farming is subsistence-oriented; (b) a semi-arid area in India where cotton is produced for the export market; and (c) a humid area in Bolivia where perennial... |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Systems research and participatory research. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/11574/4/zundel%2Detal%2D2008%2Dzuerich.pdf |
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| Niggli, U.; Schmid, O.; Stolze, M.; Sanders, J.; Schader, C.; Fließbach, A.; Mäder, P.; Klocke, P.; Wyss, G.; Balmer, O.; Pfiffner, L.; Wyss, E.. |
| Zusammenfassuung: In diesem Bericht werden die wissenschaftlichen Ergebnisse nationaler und internationaler Studien zu den gesellschaftlichen Leistungen des Biolandbaus zusammengefasst. Als Referenzen werden dabei sowohl die konventionelle wie auch die integrierte Landwirtschaft herangezogen. Es ist den Autoren bewusst, dass alle Landwirtschaftsmethoden in der Schweiz und im Ausland eine grosse Streubreite aufweisen, da der Einfluss der regionalen sozioökonomischen Rahmenbedingungen, der Standortfaktoren, der Betriebsleiter und der unterschiedlichen staatlichen und privaten Regulierungen gross ist. Trotzdem ergeben sich für die verschiedenen Landwirtschaftsmethoden klare Unterschiede, die bei den agrarpolitischen Massnahmen berücksichtigt werden... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Environmental aspects; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Air and water emissions. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/15397/2/niggli%2Detal%2D2009%2Dgesllschaftl%2Dleistungen.pdf |
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| David, C.; Celette, F.; Abecassis, J.; Carcea, M.; Dubois, D.; Friedel, J.K.; Hellou, G.; Jeuffroy, M.-H.; Mäder, P.; Thomsen, I. K.. |
| Agronomical ways for better quality and safety Choice of cultivar is an efficient way to obtain higher grain quality. Intercropping legumes (grain or forage) improves weed competition and N availability for wheat crop or succeeding crop. Green manure can be an effective alternative to farmyard manure. Fertilization with readily available nitrogen improves yield and quality when water is available. Reduced tillage affects soil fertility and wheat yield but has little effects on grain quality. Technological ways for better quality and safety Milling process strongly influences flour characteristics. Stone milling improves nutritive value; characteristics remain very stable independent of the milling yield. Flour characteristics from roller milling... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food quality and human health Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/20851/1/AGTEC_general_leaflet__FVMarch12.pdf |
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| Bosshard, C.; Frossard, E.; Dubois, D.; Mäder, P.; Manolov, I.; Oberson, A.. |
| Physically separated soil organic matter (SOM) fractions may take different functions in soil N dynamics. We studied the effect of long-term organic matter (OM) management and different soil biological activity on the incorporation of N added with organic and mineral amendments into aggregate fractions and size density fractions. We applied 15N-labeled sheep feces, urine, and mineral fertilizer to microplots installed in plots of conventional (CONMIN) and bio-organic (BIOORG) cropping systems. Soil sampled 112 d after amendment was separated into macro-, microaggregates, and microstructures. Aggregates were then fractionated into free light fraction (LF), intra-aggregate particulate organic matter (iPOM),and the mineral-associated organic matter fraction... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Soil. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/26387/1/Bosshard_et_al_2008_SSSAJ_72_POM.pdf |
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| Arncken, C.; Weibel, F.P.; Mäder, P.. |
| This project was designed as an iterative process of describing quality profiles of “organic” and “high-quality” wheat and finding adequate, sensory-based methods to do so. Wheat growing in 1998-2000 at the DOK long-term field trial (FLIEßBACH et al. 2007, MÄDER et al. 2002) was repeatedly investigated. The ripening phase started earlier and lasted longer in treatment D2 (bio-dynamic) and was shortest in treatment K2 (conventional). Coded grain samples were examined in respect to treatment differ-ences in smell and taste. For D2 samples the author used the highest number of “sweetness” terms and the lowest number of other terms, whereas in M (conven-tional/mineral fertilizer only) grains, the highest numbers of “poorness” terms and the lowest of... |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Breeding; Genetics and propagation. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/9372/1/9372_Arncken_Vortrag.pdf |
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| Armengot, L.; Blanco-Moreno, J.M.; Bàrberi, P.; Bocci, G.; Carlesi, S.; Aendekerk, R.; Berner, A.; Celette, F.; Grosse, M.; Huiting, H.; Kranzler, A.; Luik, A.; Mäder, P.; Peigné, J.; Stoll, E.; Delfosse, P.; Sukkel, W.; Surböck, A.; Westaway, S.; Sans, F.X.. |
| The adoption of non-inversion tillage practices has been widely promoted due to their potential benefits in reducing energy consumption and greenhouse emissions as well as improving soil fertility. However, the lack of soil inversion usually increases weed infestations and changes the composition of the weed community. Weed management is still a main drawback for the wider adoption of reduced tillage practices. However, it is not entirely clear whether these changes in weed communities are a consequence of non random filters on the functional attributes of weed species and may thus affect the potential weed-crop competition relationship. Here, we analyse the changes in weed diversity, community composition, and the functional attributes of weed... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Soil tillage; Soil. |
| Ano: 2016 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/29850/1/Armengot_etal_2016_Tillage-a-driver-of-weed-functional-traits.pdf |
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| Mäder, P.; Pfiffner, L.; Niggli, U.; Balzer, U.; Balzer, F.; Plochberger, A.; Velimirov, A.; Besson, J.-M.. |
| In a long-term field trial in Therwil, Switzerland, the bio-dynamic, bio-organic and conventional farming systems were compared (DOC trial). The present paper focuses on long-term yield development and on product quality of beetroot. Due to the favourable climate and soil, beetroot yields were generally high. The yield of beetroot in both biological systems was about 75 % that of the conventional system, but the input of nitrogen and potassium was about 60 % lower. |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Production systems; Farming Systems; Soil. |
| Ano: 1993 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/26786/1/M%C3%A4der_et_al_1993_AH.pdf |
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| Fliessbach, A.; Mäder, P.. |
| In 1978 the DOK long-term field experiment was installed at Therwil close to Basel comparing the farming systems „bio-Dynamic“, „bio-Organic“ and „(K)conventional“. In the first years of the trial, crop yield and feasibility of organic farming were investigated. Soils were analysed with respect to long-term effects on fertility and were evaluated in the view of farming effects on the environment. Today the interrelation of diversity and efficiency and the quality of organic products is the research focus. Long-term trials like the DOK-trial offer unique opportunities for this kind of research. The DOK-trial compares the three systems mentioned above on the basis of the same intensity of organic fertilization (i.e. the same number of animals per area), the... |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Soil biology; Soil quality. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/9094/1/FliessbachMaeder%2D2005%2DsoilQuality%2Dapplicationform.pdf |
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| Meyer, G.; Maurhofer, M.; Frossard, E.; Gamper, H. A.; Mäder, P.; Mészáros, É.; Schönholzer-Mauclaire, L.; Symanczik, S.; Oberson, A.. |
| Soil microorganisms exuding organic acids have the potential to solubilize inorganic phosphorus (P), which could improve the P availability to plants growing on calcareous soil. The gluconic acid exuding bacteria Pseudomonas protegens CHA0 can solubilize P under glucose rich in vitro conditions, but evidence on the effectiveness in soil is lacking. This discrepancy in P solubilization between in vitro and in vivo is common for many P solubilizing bacteria. Possible causes for this discrepancy are rarely explored in soil using mechanism oriented approaches. Proposed reasons for limitation of bacterial P solubilization in soil are low persistence of the inoculant or low glucose availability in the plant rhizosphere. To test these two hypotheses we... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds Nutrient turnover. |
| Ano: 2019 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/36362/1/Meyer-etal-2019-SoilBiolBiocehmistry-Vol131-p217-228.pdf |
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| David, C.; Celette, F.; Abecassis, J.; Carcea, M.; Dubois, D.; Friedel, J. K.; Hellou, G.; Jeuffroy, M.-H.; Mäder, P.; Thomsen, I. K.. |
| The demand for high quality organic bread cereals is increasing. In spite of variable grain protein contents, baking quality of organic wheat was found to be acceptable to good. Mycotoxin (DON) contents were generally low on tested grain samples. Choice of the wheat cultivar is the most efficient way to obtain higher grain quality. Fertilization with readily available nitrogen and, to a lower extent, association with legumes and green manuring with mixtures containing fodder legumes can also improve grain quality. Reduced tillage affects soil quality and wheat yield but has little effects on grain quality. |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/20850/1/AGTEC_farmers_leaflet_v3March12.pdf |
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| Forster, D.; Andres, C.; Verma, R.; Zundel, C.; Messmer, M.; Mäder, P.. |
| The debate on the relative benefits of conventional and organic farming systems is more topical than ever. The achievements of conventional high-input agriculture were largely brought about at the cost of deteriorating soil fertility; furthermore, they were based to a large extent on fossil fuels. Developing more sustainable farming practices on a large scale is of utmost importance. However, information about the performance of agricultural production systems under organic and conventional management in tropical and subtropical regions is largely lacking. This study aimed to assess agronomic and economic data from a long-term farming systems comparison trial under semi-arid conditions in central India. |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Farming Systems; Crop husbandry; India; Environmental aspects. |
| Ano: 2013 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/24836/1/Andres-etal-2013-1stGlobalFoodSecurity-Conference.pdf |
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| Mäder, P.; Vierheilig, H.; Alt, M.; Wiemken, A.. |
| Various container systems have been described in which soil regions available to hyphae only are separated from the mycorrhizal root region by 30–60 μm mesh screens to study nutrient exchange between plants and fungi in the mycorrhizal symbiosis. The screens designed up to now prevent penetration by roots but allow easy passage of fungal hyphae as well as diffusion or mass flow of water and nutrient solutions. We tested hydrophobic microporous polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE) membranes (GORE-TEXR) with 5 to 15 μm diameter pores in an attempt to obtain a better seal between compartments and to prevent uncontrolled nutrient transport by diffusion or mass flow. We found that these membranes completely prevented diffusion or mass flow of ions between two soil... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Soil biology. |
| Ano: 1993 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/26785/1/Maeder_et_al_1993_PS.pdf |
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| Vierheilig, H.; Alt-Hug, M.; Engel-Streitwolf, R.; Mäder, P.; Wiemken, A.. |
| The effects of tomato and bean rhizospheres on hyphal spreading of the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus Glomus mosseae were studied using a soil compartment system in combination with hydrophobic polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE) membranes. Both the nylon screen and the PTFE membrane were freely permeable to hyphae but not to roots. Furthermore, the hydrophobic PTFE membrane seemed to be a barrier to the flux of soil solutions containing root exudates. The results show that water soluble exudates of tomato and bean roots greatly stimulate hyphal growth in the soil compartment system used. Moreover, water soluble root exudates of bean exert a clear attractional effect on AM hyphal growth. |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Soil biology. |
| Ano: 1998 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/26774/1/Vierheilig_et_al_1998_PS_1.pdf |
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| David, C.; Celette, F.; Abecassis, J.; Carcea, M.; Dubois, D.; Friedel, J. K.; Hellou, G.; Jeuffroy, M.-H.; Mäder, P.; Thomsen, I. K.. |
| The demand for high quality organic bread wheat is increasing. The quality level of organic wheat harvested in EU is mainly dependant on variety, environmental conditions and agronomic practices. In some countries, protein content and composition, influencing technological value, are equivalent to those produced under conventional practices. Beside agronomical techniques, technological processes can help to maintain a good quality. Pre-treatments before milling such as debranning were found to be efficient in reducing DON contamination. The project highlighted the necessity to redefine the methods to assess the quality of organic wheat. |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food quality and human health Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/20852/1/AGTEC_technological_leaflet_April_12FV.pdf |
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| Arthurson, V.; Baggesen, D.; Brankatschk, K.; Dalsgaard, A.; Duffy, B.; Fenzl, C.; Friedel, J.K.; Hackl, E.; Hartmann, A.; Hedin, F.; Hofmann, A.; Jäderlund, L.; Jansson, J.; Jensen, A.N.; Koller, M.; Mäder, P.; Rinnofner, T.; Schmid, M.; Storm, C.; van Bruggen, A.H.C.; Widmer, F.; Wyss, G.S.; Zijlstra, C.A.; Sessitsch, A.. |
| PathOrganic assesses risks associated with the consumption of fresh and minimally processed vegetables due to the prevalence of bacterial human pathogens in plant produce. The project evaluates whether organic production poses a risk on food safety, taking into consideration sources of pathogen transmission (e.g. animal manure). The project also explores whether organic versus conventional production practices may reduce the risk of pathogen manifestation. In Europe, vegetable-linked outbreaks are not well investigated. A conceptual model together with novel sampling strategies and specifically adjusted methods provides the basis for large-scale surveys of organically grown plant produce in five European countries. Critical control points are... |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general; Vegetables. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/14310/1/Arthurson_14310.pdf |
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| Bosshard, C.; Sørensen, P.; Frossard, E.; Mayer, J.; Mäder, P.; Nanzer, S.; Oberson, A.. |
| Nitrogen (N) utilisation by crops has to be improved to minimize losses to the environment. We investigated N use efficiency of animal manure and mineral fertiliser and fate of fertiliser N not taken up by crops in a conventional (CONMIN) and a bioorganic (BIOORG) cropping system of a long-term field experiment over three vegetation periods (winter wheat–soybean–maize). Microplots planted with wheat received a single application of 15N-labelled slurries (either urine or faeces labelled) or mineral fertiliser. At the end of each vegetation period we tested whether higher microbial activity and larger microbial biomass in BIOORG than CONMIN soils, and lower long-term N input level in BIOORG, affected use efficiency and fate of fertiliser N not taken up by... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Soil. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/26369/1/Bosshard_etal_2009_NCA83.pdf |
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| Oehl, F.; Oberson, A.; Tagmann, H.U.; Besson, J.M.; Dubois, D.; Mäder, P.; Roth, H.-R.; Frossard, E.. |
| The aim of this work was to assess to which extent organic farming practices would affect the accumulation of total and available phosphorus (P) in a cropped soil in comparison to conventional practices. In order to achieve this, soil samples were taken from a long-term field trial comparing a non-fertilised control (NON), two conventionally cultivated treatments (MIN, CON), and two organically cultivated treatments (ORG, DYN). Soil samples were taken from each treatment at two depths (0-20 and 30-50 cm) before starting the field trial (1977) and at the end of every three crop rotations (1984, 1991 and 1998). They were then analysed for total P (Pt ), total inorganic P (Pi ), total organic P (Po) and isotopically exchangeable Pi . After 21 years, the... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Soil. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/26761/1/Oehl_et_al_2002_NCA.pdf |
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| Registros recuperados: 34 | |
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