Consulta: creatorFacets:"Fleming,   Euan M."
Registros recuperados: 51
Data/hora: 11/06/2024 13:21:53

An Assessment of Commodity Export Performance in South Pacific Countries, 1960 to 1999
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fleming,   Euan M.; Blowes,   Anita.
We examine export performance and the factors influencing export growth in ten South Pacific countries, concentrating on the comparative influences of geographic endowments, policies and institutions. The countries under study are Cook Islands, Fiji, Kiribati, Niue, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Tuvalu and Vanuatu. Only Fiji, Papua New Guinea and Solomon Islands experienced a positive trend in total commodity export values. Agricultural export values grew significantly only in Papua New Guinea and Solomon Islands. Most countries experienced growth in non-agricultural commodity export values, albeit from a low base.  As a general rule, export performance was superior for countries with richer endowments of natural resources. Geographic...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12949

Meta-evaluations in government and government institutions: A case study example from the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Madzivhandila,   T.P.; Griffith,   Garry R.; Fleming,   Euan M.; Nesamvuni,   A.E.
In this paper we draw on impact assessment work of the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) to present an example of meta-evaluation – an evaluation of evaluations – in an agricultural research, development and extension setting. We explore quality issues relating to evaluation studies in the context of government institutions. Program evaluation standards (PES) are divided into categories of utility, feasibility, propriety and accuracy to provide a framework for the meta-evaluation. The PES are presented as a universal measure of evaluation study quality. The intent of using them here is to judge the adequacy of PES as a universal quality measure or meta-evaluation base and to extract useful insights from ACIAR program...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Meta-evaluation; Evaluation Quality; Program Evaluation Standards; Evaluation Model; Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research; Limpopo Department of Agriculture (South Africa); International Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59098

Policy Options for the Tree Crop Industries in Papua New Guinea
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fleming,   Euan M.; Yala,   Charles.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114798

Composition of the National Sheep Flock and Specification of Equilibrium Prices and Quantities for the Australian Sheep and Wool Industries, 2002-03 to 2004-05
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mounter,   Stuart W.; Griffith,   Garry R.; Piggott,   Roley R.; Fleming,   Euan M.; Zhao,   Xueyan.
The data used, and the methods and assumptions fundamental to the development of an equilibrium displacement model (EDM) of the Australian sheep and wool industries specified in Mounter et al. (2007), are contained in this report. The national sheep flock is disaggregated into Merino and non-Merino sheep in the three agricultural zones of Australia using 2002-03 Australian agricultural and grazing industries survey data. Opening and closing sheep numbers, death rates and weaning percentages were used to derive the supply and use of sheep in each zone. Annual shorn wool production was split into four fibre-diameter categories in each zone corresponding to ABS wool export categories. Wool production percentages and relative greasy fleece weights were used to...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Wool; Sheep meat; Research and development; Economic; Evaluation; Australia; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Livestock Production/Industries; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Q160.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37664

Export Performance in South Pacific Countries Comparatively Well Endowed with Natural Resources: Solomon Islands and Vanuatu, 1960 to 1999
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fleming,   Euan M.; Blowes,   Anita.
Stochastic dominance analysis was used to assess export performance in two Melanesian countries of similar size and structure that are comparatively well endowed with natural resources: Solomon Islands and Vanuatu. Total export values increased over the study period in Solomon Islands, brought about by a significant increase in the value of non-agricultural resource exports. Agricultural exports showed small increases but the average annual rate of growth was only 1.3 per cent for agricultural export values compared with 10.7 per cent in non-agricultural export values.  The record of commodity export performance in Vanuatu over the study period was less impressive, with a small average annual decline in total export values. This decline was caused by...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Export performance; Stochastic dominance; Solomon Islands; Vanuatu; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12937

Animal Efficiency in an Intensive Beef Production System
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fleming,   Euan M.; Fleming,   Pauline; Rodgers,   Heidi; Griffith,   Garry R.; Johnston,   David.
A stochastic input distance function is estimated to analyse the efficiency with which physical characteristics of individual lot-fed beef cattle in Australia are combined with conventional inputs to produce a final product possessing defined quality attributes. High mean technical efficiency estimates are reported for all animals and by breed. All partial output elasticities with respect to inputs are of expected sign. Of four outputs included in the analysis, carcass weight and moisture retention in meat after cooking have highly significant coefficients of expected sign, but two meat quality variables have coefficients of unexpected sign indicating that they decline as inputs increase. Some evidence is detected of scope economies between moisture...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Efficiency; Intensive agriculture; Scope economies; Livestock Production/Industries; Q12; C51.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24673

Export Performance in Papua New Guinea, 1960 to 1999
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fleming,   Euan M.; Blowes,   Anita.
Stochastic dominance analysis was used to assess export performance in Papua New Guinea from 1960 to 1999. A country with abundant natural resources, Papua New Guinea was able to experience significant growth in total export values throughout the final four decades of the 20th century, with each succeeding decade stochastically dominating the previous one. The expansion of mineral and energy exports from the early 1970s was the major source of this growth.  The powerful influence of an expanding minerals and energy sector must nevertheless be of concern in that this sector and other non-agricultural resource sectors comprise mainly extractive or quasi-extractive industries given the production practices that currently exist. Little progress has been made...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Export performance; Papua New Guinea; Stochastic dominance; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12927

Economic Evaluation of New Technologies and Promotions in the Australian Sheep and Wool Industries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mounter,   Stuart W.; Griffith,   Garry R.; Piggott,   Roley R.; Fleming,   Euan M.; Zhao,   Xueyan.
Knowledge about the size and distribution of returns from alternative broad types of R&amp;D and promotion investments permit strategic-level decisions about resource allocation, both within and across research programs. The Australian sheep meat and wool industries are characterised by strong cross-commodity relationships due to the joint product nature of the industries. An equilibrium displacement model of the Australian sheep meat and wool industries was developed to account for these relationships and any indirect benefits and costs arising from spill-over and feedback effects between the industries as a result of research-induced innovation or promotion. The potential annual returns and their distribution among the various industry sectors were...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Australian sheep and wool industries; Equilibrium displacement model; Cross-commodity relationships; R&amp;D; Promotion evaluation; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10415

Evidence on trends in the single factoral terms of trade in African agricultural commodity production
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fleming,   Euan M.; Fleming,   Pauline.
The ability of African countries to achieve sustained improvements in agricultural incomes depends on their ability to generate total factor productivity (TFP) change in their agricultural sectors and adjust to movements in agricultural output and input prices. The single factoral terms of trade index measures these changes, calculated as changes in the product of TFP and the agricultural terms of trade. Estimates of the single factoral terms of trade index for the selected commodities over the period 1970-2002 are reported and discussed for 33 African countries for which data sets are available. The index is estimated for producers of coffee, cocoa, copra, palm kernel oil, coconut oil, palm oil, rice, cotton and sugar using annual agricultural sector...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7980

CHARACTERISTICS OF DIFFERENT CONSUMER SEGMENTS IN THE AUSTRALIAN BEEF MARKET
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Morales,   Luis Emilio; Griffith,   Garry R.; Wright,   Vic; Umberger,   Wendy J.; Fleming,   Euan M.
Beef consumers in Australia have shown differences in their preferences for products and sensitivity to price. This can be explained by the influence on expected quality of cues related to health, production process and eating experience. Eating experience is difficult to predict as consumers generally do not have enough information to form reliable expectations. In this context, branded beef can help to signal quality and reduce the degree of uncertainty that consumers experience when shopping. Focus group research identified different segments, premiums for preferred products and potential for large-scale differentiation and branding in the Australian market.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Beef Branding; Consumer Preferences; Segmentation; Focus Groups.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48063

Efficiency and Productivity Analysis of Cooperative Dairy Plants in Haryana and Punjab States of India
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Singh,   Satbir; Coelli,   Tim J.; Fleming,   Euan M.
Since the 1970s, the policy of Indian government has been to promote dairy development on the basis of the cooperative organisations. During the 1990s the dairy industry in India was liberalised. This study examines the impact of the liberalisation policy on the cooperative dairy plants in India. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) and the Fisher index approach are applied to measure economic efficiency and total productivity changes, respectively. The data involves 65 observations from a complete panel of 13 cooperative dairy plants from 1992/93 to 1996/97. The empirical results show that the deregulation and liberalisation of the dairy industry alone is not the answer.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Productivity; Efficiency; Fisher index; Indian dairy processing; Agribusiness; Livestock Production/Industries; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12909

Impact of information and communication technology (ICT) on international trade in fruit and vegetables: A gravity model approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Thiemann,   Franziska; Fleming,   Euan M.; Mueller,   Rolf A.E.
Globalization results when markets become more integrated because of reduced transaction and transport costs. These costs have fallen because of sustained advances in transport technology and, more dramatically, in digital information and communication technology (ICT). Although communication costs tend to be a minor component of total trading costs, reductions in these costs may strongly stimulate international trade. The empirical evidence in support of this effect is, however, scant and its strength may depend on the composition of ICT and the nature of the product being traded. We test the hypothesis of an ICT effect on trade in bananas, oranges, tomatoes, and vegetables and fruit in general. We employ a gravity model of international trade between...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Gravity model; Information and communication technology (ICT); International trade; Fruit and vegetables; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123839

Risk in Public Policy Making: A Neglected Issue in Australia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hardaker,   J. Brian; Fleming,   Euan M.; Lien,   Gudbrand D.
We argue for greater recognition of the risky nature of most policy decisions. In this context we discuss the gulf between public risk perceptions and attitudes and those of 'experts'. Public views of risk are often inconsistent and seemingly irrational. They nevertheless influence policy choices in a democracy. On the other hand, experts often claim unjustifiable levels of confidence in their predictions of policy choice outcomes, creating a lack of public faith in their recommendations. While risky policy choices deserve more systematic decision analysis, there is a need for more effective interaction between policy makers, decision analysts and the public.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Policy-making; Risk; Uncertainty; Decision Analysis; Perceptions; Subjectivity; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Political Economy; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/5997

Evidence of Scope Economies in the Australian Wheat-Sheep Zone
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fleming,   Euan M.; Villano,   Renato A.; Fleming,   Pauline.
Scope economies can be used in studies of farming systems to provide a measure of synergies between different farm enterprises and between activities within farm enterprises. In this paper, they are reported for farms in a benchmarking group in the Wheat-Sheep Zone in New South Wales, Australia, by estimating a stochastic input distance function and calculating an ‘economies of scope parameter’. Evidence is presented of scope economies between sheep and beef enterprises, sheep and crop enterprises, and beef and crop enterprises.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Australia; Crops; Livestock; Scope economies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36849

Productivity and returns to resources in the beef enterprise on Victorian farms in the South-West Farm Monitor Project
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Villano,   Renato A.; Fleming,   Euan M.; Rodgers,   Heidi.
Productivity change and real returns to resources are measured for a sample of farms in south-west Victoria that produce beef. A stochastic frontier production model is estimated from which annual production frontiers and individual farm technical inefficiencies are calculated during the survey period from 1995-96 to 2004-05. Results suggest that best-practice beef producers in this region (those operating on the production frontier) modestly improved their productivity during the period. Technically inefficient farms seem to be achieving productivity increases lower than their top-performing counterparts and are on average falling behind the productivity levels of the latter. A single factoral terms of trade index is also estimated for each farm as a...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Beef production; Productivity; Best practice; Australia; Farm Management.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121497

Food and Other Crops in Fiji: an Annotated Bibliography
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lim,   Tong Kwee; Fleming,   Euan M.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117724

Analysis of Technical Efficiency and Varietal Differences in Pistachio Production in Iran Using a Meta-Frontier Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Boshrabadi,   Hossain Mehrabi; Villano,   Renato A.; Fleming,   Euan M.
This paper reports on an analysis of technical efficiency and varietal differences in pistachio production in Iran. A random sample of 475 farmers was selected from the province of Kerman in 2003 and 2004. In this study, farmers are classified into three groups according to the variety of tree they planted. The three main varieties of pistachio trees planted are Kalleh- Ghuchi, Fandoghi and Akbari. The technical efficiency indices are computed using three approaches. First, a standard stochastic production frontier was employed using pooled data. Secondly, stochastic frontier production functions were estimated for each variety (separately). Lastly, the meta-frontier approach was used because production varieties and technologies are expected to differ...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Pistachio; Stochastic meta-frontier; Production function; Technical efficiency; Iranian agriculture; Productivity Analysis; C21; Q12; Q16; Q55; R58.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10425

Use of the single factoral terms of trade to analyse agricultural production
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fleming,   Euan M.
The aim in this note is to reintroduce the single factoral terms of trade into the policy arena. This economic concept has scarcely been used by analysts or policy makers over the past three decades. It is defined and compared favourably with other terms of trade concepts in terms of their usefulness to agricultural policy makers in Australia. A distinction is made between the single factoral terms of trade from the viewpoint of the farm business and from the viewpoint of the farm household, but only slightly different indices are specified in each case because of the very high positive correlation between farm prices paid and consumer prices. Developing industry-level indices appears to be a more attractive way to proceed given the substantially different...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Net barter terms of trade; Single factoral terms of trade; Total factor productivity; Farm Management; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118322

METAFRONTIER ANALYSIS OF FARM-LEVEL EFFICIENCIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL-TECHNOLOGY GAPS IN PHILIPPINE RICE FARMING
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mariano,   Marc Jim; Villano,   Renato A.; Fleming,   Euan M.; Acda,   Rachelle.
Rice producers in the Philippines operate in different physical environments that are largely beyond their control, especially in terms of the agroclimatic conditions they face. Each rice area requires a unique set of location-specific technologies to match its location-specific needs. The rice production frontier is expected to vary, depending on the degree of yield-enhancing interventions implemented by the government and adopted by farmers. Understanding differences in specific production frontiers in different production systems should provide better assessments of yield performance across different locations and enable rice scientists to develop location-specific technologies as well as disseminate appropriate technologies to farmers in different...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Technical efficiency; Technology gap; Metafrontier; Stochastic production frontier; Philippine rice farming productivity; International Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59099

Evidence of Scope Economies in Australian Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Villano,   Renato A.; Fleming,   Pauline; Fleming,   Euan M.
Scope economies can be used in studies of farming systems to provide a measure of synergies between different farm enterprises and between activities within farm enterprises. In this paper, they are reported for farms in three benchmarking groups in Australia by estimating stochastic input distance functions and calculating an 'economies of scope parameter'. Evidence of significant scope economies between sheep and crop enterprises, and between beef and crop enterprises, is presented and discussed. Similar evidence is reported between wool and lamb activities and wool and mature sheep trading activities within the sheep enterprise.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Australia; Crops; Livestock; Sheep; Scope Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Livestock Production/Industries; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Industrial Organization.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/5996

A Reappraisal of the Role of Agriculture in Economic Growth in Melanesian Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fleming,   Euan M.; Fleming,   Pauline.
Fortunes in the agricultural sectors of four of the largest South Pacific countries are traced in recent decades by estimating the single factoral terms of trade index. The single factoral terms of trade are measured for agriculture in four Melanesian countries-Fiji, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands and Vanuatu-over the period, 1970 to 2002. This index provides a useful method to assess changes in returns to factors employed in agricultural production in these countries. Except in Solomon Islands, farmers experienced a deteriorating index, indicating that they have reaped progressively lower returns to their resources. In Solomon Islands, returns to resources are shown to have increased slightly. A sustained contribution by the agricultural sector to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Factoral terms of trade; Melanesia; Smallholders; Total factor productivity; International Development; D24; O12; O47; Q17.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25715

DIVERSIFICATION ECONOMIES AND SPECIALISATION EFFICIENCIES IN A MIXED FOOD AND COFFEE SMALLHOLDER FARMING SYSTEM IN PAPUA NEW GUINEA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Coelli,   Tim J.; Fleming,   Euan M.
Smallholder farming systems in Papua New Guinea are characterised by an integrated set of cash cropping and subsistence food cropping activities. In the Highlands provinces, the subsistence food crop sub-system is dominated by sweet potato production. Coffee dominates the cash cropping sub-system, but a limited number of food crops are also grown for cash sale. The dynamics between sub-systems can influence the scope for complementarity between, and technical efficiency of, their operations, especially in light of the seasonality of demand for household labour and management inputs within the farming system. A crucial element of these dynamic processes is diversification into commercial agricultural production, which can influence factor productivity and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Farm Management.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25841

Impact of information and communication technology (ICT) on international trade in fruit and vegetables: A gravity model approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Thiemann,   Franziska; Fleming,   Euan M.; Mueller,   Rolf A.E.
Globalization results when markets become more integrated because of reduced transaction and transport costs. These costs have fallen because of sustained advances in transport technology and, more dramatically, in digital information and communication technology (ICT). Although communication costs tend to be a minor component of total trading costs, reductions in these costs may strongly stimulate international trade. The empirical evidence in support of this effect is, however, scant and its strength may depend on the composition of ICT and the nature of the product being traded. We test the hypothesis of an ICT effect on trade in bananas, oranges, tomatoes, and vegetables and fruit in general. We employ a gravity model of international trade between...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Gravity model; Information and communication technology (ICT); International trade; Fruit and vegetables; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123840

TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY AND TECHNOLOGY GAPS ON 'CLEAN AND SAFE' VEGETABLE FARMS IN NORTHERN THAILAND: A COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT TECHNOLOGIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kramol,   Prathanthip; Villano,   Renato A.; Fleming,   Euan M.; Kristiansen,   Paul.
"Clean and safe" agricultural products are an important issue among consumers, farmers and governments. Many developing countries develop their produce at various points along the ‘clean’ continuum based on production practices related to use of synthetic chemicals. Organic farming is applied to technologies with no chemicals or synthetic fertilisers used during production or processing. It was initially developed by farmers and non-government organisations in Thailand, and subsequently implemented by the Thai government through a series of policies on clean produce to meet international standards. Safe-use and pesticide-free practices lie between organic and conventional practices, and are possible steps when converting conventional farms to organic...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Organic; Technical efficiency; Stochastic frontier; Metafrontier; Northern Thailand; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59092

Continuous Improvement and Innovation as an Approach to Effective Research and Development: A 'Trident' Evaluation of the Beef Profit Partnerships Project
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Madzivhandila,   T.P.; Groenewald,   Izak; Griffith,   Garry R.; Fleming,   Euan M.
Effective socio-economic service delivery is vital for alleviating poverty in developing countries. Increased financial support without complementary investment in service delivery mechanisms often results in little or no impact. This paper contributes to the discussion on how to maximize the impact of agricultural R&amp;D. The case study examined is the South African Beef Profit Partnerships project that is underpinned by the Continuous Improvement and Innovation process. The evidence is presented using a ‘trident’ evaluation approach: a description and analysis of the process followed; the measurement of the outcomes achieved (impact); and the perspectives of the stakeholders involved.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Continuous Improvement and Innovation; Beef Profit Partnerships project; Socio-Economic Development; Sustainable Livelihoods; Research and Development; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6017

Export Performance in South Pacific Countries Marginally Endowed with Natural Resources: Samoa and Tonga, 1960 to 1999
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fleming,   Euan M.; Blowes,   Anita.
Stochastic dominance analysis was used to assess export performance in two Polynesian countries of similar size and structure that are both marginally endowed with natural resources: Samoa and Tonga. In general, total and agricultural export values declined over the study period in both countries, brought about by a significant decline in the value of agricultural exports while non- agricultural exports showed small increases. The one exception to this trend was in Tonga during the 1990s when squash exports brought about a revival in agricultural export values.  Results suggest that these countries are likely to struggle to achieve sustainable economic development, given their limited natural resource endowments. The fisheries sector holds the key to...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Export performance; Stochastic dominance; Samoa; Tonga; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12942

Analysis of Technical Efficiency in a Rainfed Lowland Rice Environment in Central Luzon Philippines Using a Stochastic Frontier Production Function with a Heteroskedastic Error Structure
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Villano,   Renato A.; Fleming,   Euan M.
There have been many previous studies of technical inefficiency in rice production in the Philippines, but none has focused simultaneously on production risk and technical inefficiency at the farm level.  In this study, we analyse technical inefficiency in a rainfed lowland rice environment in Central Luzon using a stochastic frontier production function with a heteroskedastic error structure.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Heteroskedastic error structure; Philippines; Stochastic frontier production function; Technical; Crop Production/Industries; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12906

Food Security in Southwest Pacific Island Countries; Proceedings of a Workshop Held in Sydney, Australia, December 12-13, 2000
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Simatupang,   Pantjar; Fleming,   Euan M.
This proceedings is a record of a regional workshop on "Food Security in the Southwest Pacific Island Countries", convened to discuss the findings and strategies achieved in a two-year research project "Food Security Strategies for Selected South Pacific Island Countries". The national experts of the participating countries: Fiji, Papua New Guinea, Tonga and Vanuatu, presented reports of their country studies and the commentators from each country provided additional information.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food supply; Food security; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32711

Structuring Exotic Options Contracts on Water to Improve the Efficiency of Resource Allocation in the Water Spot Market
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Williamson,   Brendon; Villano,   Renato A.; Fleming,   Euan M.
With the current drought in South-Eastern Australia highlighting the scarcity and value of inland Australia’s water resources, focus turns to how these resources can be allocated more efficiently. The first major step was taken almost a decade ago with the separation of land and water property rights allowing openly traded water markets. This study assesses the potential economic benefits that options contracts bring to the water market in the Murray Valley water market. Exotic call options are estimated using both Black-Scholes and skewness-and-kurtosis-amended Black-Scholes financial option pricing methods that are based on three years of data on water prices. While the presence of options would result in significant economic benefits in the more...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Options; Skewness-and-kurtosis-amended Black-Scholes model; Water; Environmental Economics and Policy; Financial Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/5992

An Analysis of Scope Economies and Specialisation Efficiencies Among Thai Shrimp and Rice Smallholders
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mekhora,   Thamrong; Fleming,   Euan M.
Smallholders increasingly combine shrimp culture with the more traditional rice enterprise in regions of Thailand suitable for raising shrimps. They can exploit cost complementarities in production by combining activities in these enterprises within their farming systems. At the same time, it makes them more susceptible to on-farm negative externalities between rice and shrimp production, in both directions, causing scope diseconomies. A stochastic input distance model is estimated using data on shrimp and rice production by 52 smallholder households. Results from the estimated model are used to establish whether scope economies or diseconomies exist and whether specialisation in either shrimp or rice production significantly influences technical...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Scope economies; Specialisation efficiencies; Input distance function; Thailand; Smallholders; Technical efficiency; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12914

The Relationship Between Farm Size and Technical Inefficiency of Production of Wheat Farmers in the Eastern Free State, Province of South Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ngwenya,   S.A.; Battese,   George E.; Fleming,   Euan M.
Farm-level data for the 1988/89 agricultural year from a sample survey of wheat farmers in Eastern Free State, are analysed in this paper. Stochastic frontier production functions are estimated, in which the technical inefficiency effects are modelled in terms of the size of the farming operation and other explanatory variables. The technical inefficiency effects for the farmers involved are significant and the null hypothesis that the explanatory variables in the model for the inefficiency effects have zero coefficients is rejected. The technical inefficiency effects are negatively and significantly related to the size of the farms. Elasticities of mean outputs with respect to the different inputs, together with the technical efficiencies of the wheat...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54444

Market Differentials for Meat Quality Improvement: Meat Standards Australia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rodgers,   Heidi; Griffith,   Garry R.; Fleming,   Euan M.; Villano,   Renato A.
Eating quality is one of the most important factors influencing demand for beef. Meat Standards Australia is a voluntary beef grading system aimed at improving consumer certainty about beef quality, improving overall beef quality and strengthening supply chain linkages. Since its inception in 1999/2000, substantial improvements in beef quality, as measured by the system, have been identified. An evaluation was undertaken to estimate the economic value of these improvements to the industry. It was found that MSA graded beef consistently attracted premiums above nongraded beef, with mean values of 29c/kg and 39c/kg (carcass equivalent) at the wholesale and retail levels respectively, while the food service sector received an average of 39c/kg (carcass...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10423

Setting Policy Priorities for the Development of Tree Crop Industries in Papua New Guinea
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fleming,   Euan M.; Yala,   Charles.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114799

Export Performance in Fiji, 1960 to 1999
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fleming,   Euan M.; Blowes,   Anita.
Stochastic dominance analysis was used to assess export performance in Fiji from 1960 to 1999. A country with reasonably abundant resources, Fiji has made effective use of its quite substantial resources to increase total export values significantly over the study period, with an average rate of growth of 2.6 per cent per annum. Non-agricultural exports were the source of this growth, increasing annually by 7.3 per cent. Growth was particularly strong from the late 1980s despite the loss of skills and capital flight in the wake of the May 1987 coup and military takeover. The economy clearly benefited from a policy switch from a trade protectionist policy with a high degree of government intervention to an export-oriented strategy based on private...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Export performance; Fiji; Stochastic dominance; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12930

Integrated Report: Food Security Strategies for Selected South Pacific Island Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Simatupang,   Pantjar; Fleming,   Euan M.
This working paper is a summary of the results of the research project "Food Security Strategies for Selected South Pacific Island Countries" which are published separately in four country study reports and a workshop proceedings. The "SouthPIC" project was formulated based on observation that, although historically there is little evidence of chronic food shortage in the South Pacific island countries, some new emerging trends may have gradually eroded the adaptive strength of the national food security systems in the region. The general objectives of this project are to analyze food security conditions in selected South Pacific island countries and to formulate appropriate policy options for their food security strategies.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Research projects; Food security; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32661

Economic Prospects for Vanilla in the South Pacific
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Menz,   Kenneth M.; Fleming,   Euan M.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113875

PRODUCT AND BRANDING INNOVATIONS IN THE AUSTRALIAN BEEF MARKETING SYSTEM
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Morales,   Luis Emilio; Fleming,   Euan M.; Wright,   Vic; Griffith,   Garry R.; Umberger,   Wendy J.
Meat Standards Australia (MSA) represents a new beef classification system, derived from consumer preferences, which allows classifying beef in interesting ways to consumers and creates the basis for product differentiation and branding. Currently, branding of beef cuts occurs on a limited scale; however, research has revealed clear segmentation across consumers and premiums for preferred products in niche markets. The objective of this study is to identify the potential for large-scale differentiation and branding in the Australian beef marketing system and how this may best be done given the structure of the supply chain.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Branding; Australian beef marketing system; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/5993

Foreign Direct Investment in Manufacturing Sector in Malaysia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Abdul Karim,   Noor Al-Huda; Winters,   Paul C.; Coelli,   Tim J.; Fleming,   Euan M.
This paper analyses the determinants of foreign direct investment (FDI) in the manufacturing sector in Malaysia from eleven countries during the period 1988 to 2000. The empirical results indicate that gross domestic product, lending interest rate, labour productivity, exports to home country and imports from home country significantly influenced the level of FDI inflows into Malaysia. However, exchange rate, exchange rate variation, wage and openness index were not important in influencing FDI.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Foreign direct investment; Manufacturing sector; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57903

Evaluating the Impacts of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) on Trade in Fruit and Vegetables within the APEC Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chi Chung,   Kit; Fleming,   Euan M.; Fleming,   Pauline.
The global food marketing network is being constantly reshaped, providing opportunities and challenges to the use of information and communication technology (ICT) to develop international trade in food products. ICT is likely to be especially important for food products such as fresh fruit and vegetables that are differentiated and sensitive to timeliness in supply, possess varied quality dimensions, and involve considerable supply accumulation and assortment. Digital ICT (Internet and mobile phones), in particular, is expected to facilitate international trade and encourage efficiency in the fruit and vegetables marketing system in two main ways. First, it reduces communication and search costs through cheaper and more effective media. Second, it...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59077

COMPETITIVENESS AND COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE OF TREE CROP SMALLHOLDINGS IN PAPUA NEW GUINEA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kannapiran,   Chinna A.; Fleming,   Euan M.
The contribution by tree crop industries to economic development in Papua New Guinea (PNG) depends to a considerable extent on their economic efficiency in terms of competitiveness and comparative advantage of domestic production and export marketing. These advantages for the four major tree crop products - coffee, coconut, cocoa, and palm oil - are analysed in this study. The aim is to ascertain whether PNG is an efficient producer of these tree crop exports in terms of international competitiveness and comparative advantage, and whether these industries deserve continuing government support.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Comparative advantage; Competitiveness; Devaluation; Traded goods; Tree crops; Crop Production/Industries; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12911

The Potential of Cacao Agribusiness for Poverty Alleviation in West Sumatra
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hasnah; Fleming,   Euan M.; Villano,   Renato A.; Patrick,   Ian.
The cacao industry has played an important role in terms of export earnings and employment opportunities in Indonesia since 1980s. It is the main source of income for more than one million smallholder farmers in Indonesia, who are considered poor. Most planted areas of cacao are in Eastern Indonesia; however, cacao production has developed in Western Indonesia recently, with West Sumatra designated as the area of central production. Due to the importance of cacao industry in the Indonesian economy, there is a big opportunity to explore the potential of the industry in poverty alleviation. The study uses the participatory impact pathway analysis (PIPA) method. It is a new approach to formulate a development strategy and policies proposed by the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness economics and management; International development; Farm management.; Agribusiness; Farm Management; International Development.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100555

Information and Communication Technology and the Global Flow of Wine: A Gravity Model of ICT in Wine Trade
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fleming,   Euan M.; Thiemann,   Franziska; Mueller,   Rolf A.E.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114353

An Equilibrium Displacement Model of the Australian Sheep and Wool Industries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mounter,   Stuart W.; Griffith,   Garry R.; Piggott,   Roley R.; Fleming,   Euan M.; Zhao,   Xueyan.
This report documents the specification of an equilibrium displacement model (EDM) of the Australian sheep and wool industries. The model is capable of estimating and comparing the potential benefits from R&amp;D and generic promotion investments, and other policy changes, in the different sectors and markets of the Australian sheep and wool industries. Inclusive in the model are the multiple components of the Australian sheep and wool industries to account for cross-product interactions not considered in most previous studies. A high degree of industry disaggregation within the model enables estimation of the distribution of the potential benefits among the various industry sectors and across different regional environments. A number of hypothetical...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Wool; Sheep meat; Research and development; Economic; Evaluation; Australia; Agribusiness; Farm Management; Livestock Production/Industries; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Q160.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37663

Productivity Change in the Australian Sheep Industry Revisited
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Villano,   Renato A.; Fleming,   Euan M.; Farrell,   Terence C.; Fleming,   Pauline.
Recent low estimates of total factor productivity change for wool producers in the Australian sheep industry indicate that they are struggling to improve their performance. This evidence is at odds with the views of many technical observers of industry performance, prompting us to re-estimate total factor productivity change for farmers in a benchmarking group in south-west Victoria who had been the subject of such a negative finding. An important transformation in sheep production in Australia in recent decades has been a change in enterprise mix, notably a greater presence of prime lamb production. This change complicates the process of computing efficiency and productivity change. We demonstrate that a multi-input multi-output approach, based on the use...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Sheep; Stochastic output distance function; Technical change; Total factor productivity; Livestock Production/Industries; Productivity Analysis; C23; O3; Q12; Q16.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25593

An Assessment of the Impact of Strategic Alliances in Food Processing on the Technical Efficiency of Housewives Groups in Thailand
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nonthakot,   Phanin; Fleming,   Euan M.; Villano,   Renato A.
The cottage food processing industry in Thailand comprises mainly small-scale enterprises such as the ‘housewives groups’ that consist of a number of housewives who combine their food processing activities in a particular district or village. The effects of various factors on the performance of these housewives groups is assessed using survey data to estimate a stochastic input distance model. Our results show that membership of vertical strategic alliances at a high level is associated with higher levels of technical efficiency. Other factors positively influencing technical efficiency within these groups are the level of experience of group members, the ratio of workers to total members, government support, the community base of the group as opposed to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Housewives group; Scope economies; Strategic alliance; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44411

Modelling Synergies and Scope Economies between Farm Enterprises and Ecosystem Outputs in the Agricultural Sector in England and Wales
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fleming,   Euan M.; Hadley,   David; Holloway,   Garth J.
Interest has been growing in the nature of synergies in agroecosystems, prompted in part by growing concerns about the effects of environmental degradation on agricultural productivity and interrelations between agricultural outputs and ecosystem outputs. Most productivity analyses focus on technology, technical inefficiency and scale effects on productivity; yet scope economies derived from synergies can also have substantial effects that are likely to increase in the future. Scope economies take on special importance when farms diversify to halt declining biodiversity and other forms of environmental degradation. We present results of an empirical case study based on panel data on farms in England and Wales. A stochastic input distance function is...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; Ecosystem outputs; Scope economies; Synergy; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59076

Export Performance in South Pacific Countries With Inadequate Endowments of Natural Resources: Cook Islands, Kiribati, Niue and Tuvalu, 1960 to 1999
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fleming,   Euan M.; Blowes,   Anita.
Stochastic dominance analysis was used to assess export performance in four South Pacific island countries with very limited natural resources: Cook Islands; Kiribati; Niue; and Tuvalu. Total export values declined significantly over the study period in all four countries, brought about by a significant decline in the value of agricultural exports while non-agricultural exports showed only small increases.  Results seem to confirm the view that these countries have insufficient natural resource endowments for sustainable economic development without outside support.  The fisheries sector holds the key to whether the economies under study (bar Niue) can transform themselves into productive ones by exploiting further the fishery resources within their EEZs...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Export performance; Cook Islands; Kiribati; Niue; Stochastic dominance; Tuvalu; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12948

Micro-Level Approaches to Analysing Rural Development Problems
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fleming,   Euan M.; Hardaker,   J. Brian.
Micro-level analyses of the farm sector may be conducted at intra-household, household or village levels. Most economists have preferred to work at the household level because of the existence of a well-developed farm-household theory. Empirical studies at the micro level have mostly used econometric or mathematical programming approaches. For both, but especially the former, the strong assumption of separability of production and consumption decisions is usually crucial. While the number and sophistication of empirical studies continue to grow, operational shortcomings remain severe. The limited use in policy making of many analyses is noted and the merits of combining comprehensive formal models with less formal and relatively simple approaches are...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9581

Measuring Regional Productivity Differences in the Australian Wool Industry: A Metafrontier Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Villano,   Renato A.; Fleming,   Euan M.; Fleming,   Pauline.
Using panel data, we estimate technology gaps for four distinct sheep-producing regions in Eastern Australia (Northern New South Wales, Central and South-Eastern New South Wales, South-Western New South Wales and South-West Victoria) that reflect spatial environmental and technological differences in wool production. A deterministic stochastic metafrontier production function model is estimated that envelops the stochastic frontiers of the four regions. This metafrontier approach enables us to estimate the environment-technology gap ratio that reflects these spatial differences in the environment and variations in production technologies in the wool enterprise for benchmarked farmers in each region. As a result, a more accurate estimation is possible of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Efficiency; Productivity; Metafrontier; Technology Gaps; Wool Production; Spatial; Livestock Production/Industries; Productivity Analysis; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6036

Designing an effective evaluation model for the South African Department of Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Madzivhandila,   T.P.; Griffith,   Garry R.; Fleming,   Euan M.
Governments are under increasing pressure to deliver results. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the effectiveness, efficiency and relevance of the public service in implementing policies and programmes for social betterment. Without such evaluations, it is difficult to ensure that evidence is integrated into policy and used in practice due to lack of generalizability and learning. This paper focuses on (1) the knowledge that is relevant to understand evaluation influence, (2) the possible conceptual frameworks that enable understanding of the evaluation implementation process, (3) possible models of the process of organizational evaluation, and (4) the main ways of intervening to increase influence. The context for analysis is the South African...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Evaluation; Evaluation Influence; Policy; Programmes; South Africa; Political Economy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/5983

Estimation of a Multi-Input Multi-Output Model of Lot-Fed Beef Cattle in Australia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fleming,   Pauline; Fleming,   Euan M.; Griffith,   Garry R.; Johnston,   David.
Most analyses of technical efficiency and productivity focus on the activities of firms or institutions using inputs to produce outputs. In this paper, we report the results of an efficiency analysis that is couched in a different context. We analyse the efficiency with which physical characteristics of individual lot-fed Australian beef cattle are combined with conventional inputs to produce a final product with several attributes that consumers value.  Data on 214 animals across seven breeds were used to estimate a stochastic input distance function with multiple inputs and multiple outputs. Estimates were obtained after controlling for differences between breeds, seasons and sex. Because of variations in feeding regimes for different markets, the data...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Beef; Feedlot; Input distance function; Meat quality; Scope economies; Technical efficiency; Livestock Production/Industries; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12944