Consulta: creatorFacets:"Nehring,   Richard F."
Registros recuperados: 42
Data/hora: 10/06/2024 12:58:15

Agricultural Profits and Farm Household Wealth: A Farm-level Analysis Using Repeated Cross Sections
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Blank,   Steven C.; Erickson,   Kenneth W.; Nehring,   Richard F.; Hallahan,   Charles B.
This study examines the relationship between agricultural profits and farm household wealth across locations and farm sizes in U.S. agriculture. A multiperiod household model is used to develop hypotheses for testing. Results indicate that farmland has out-performed nonfarm investments over the past decade. Thus, households may want to keep their farmland to build wealth, even if it requires them to earn off-farm income. The analysis implies that decision will be made based on farm household wealth factors having little to do with agriculture.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Farm household; Off-farm income; Production profits; Wealth; Agribusiness; Demand and Price Analysis; Farm Management; Risk and Uncertainty; Q12; Q14.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48749

OFF-FARM LABOR AND THE STRUCTURE OF U.S. AGRICULTURE: THE CASE OF CORN/SOYBEAN FARMS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nehring,   Richard F.; Fernandez-Cornejo,   Jorge; Banker,   David E.
While the growing importance of off-farm earnings suggests  large benefits accrue to farmers from efforts to expand off-farm income opportunities, survival still depends on greater efficiency. To comprehensively gauge the economic health of  farm operator households we interpret off-farm income as an output along with corn, soybeans, livestock, and other crops.  To accomplish this task we use two related methodologies. First, using 2000 data, we setup a multiactivity cost function to analyze labor allocation decisions within the farm operator household and also to estimate returns to scale and scope.  Second, using 1996-2000 data, we follow an input distance function approach to estimate returns to scale, technical progress, cost economies, and technical...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19763

A COMPARISON OF NUTRIENT APPLICATION TRENDS ON LIVESTOCK FARMS IN CORN AND COTTON GROWING REGIONS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nehring,   Richard F.; Christensen,   Lee A.; O'Donoghue,   Erik J.; Sandretto,   Carmen L.
Recent trends in livestock concentration suggest that there may be an increasing risk of water pollution from manure applications. These trends in livestock operations may be offsetting improvements in commercial fertilizer management that have the potential to reduce the risk of water pollution. This conclusion was derived by tracking excess nutrient trends between 1996 and 2002 and by examining measures of economic performance for livestock farms. First, a link was established between the expansion of AFOs (Animal Feeding Operations) and excess nutrients from commercial fertilizer and manure sources. Second, technical efficiency was measured in order to identify whether technical efficiency explains structural change and in order to see whether...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/34764

Off-farm Income and Risky Investments: What Happens to Farm and Nonfarm Assets?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Andersson,   Hans; Ramaswami,   Bharat; Moss,   Charles B.; Erickson,   Kenneth W.; Hallahan,   Charles B.; Nehring,   Richard F.
Off-farm work improves and reduces the riskiness of household income. Theoretical analyses reveal that the level and riskiness of off-farm income affect demand for farm/nonfarm investments. A two-limit Tobit model is estimated using ARMS data for 1996-2003. The impact on investment behaviour is evaluated.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Farm Management.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19480

An Error-Components Three-Stage Least-Squares Model of Investment Allocation by Farm Households
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Davies,   Stephen P.; Erickson,   Kenneth W.; Vickner,   Steven S.; Hoag,   Dana L.; Nehring,   Richard F.
This paper is an assessment of patterns of investment by farm households via an econometric model adapted from a land allocation approach of Holt (1999).  This analysis will shed light on the importance of different classes of assets to farm household well-being, and show the reaction of farm households to a variety of market, international and government effects.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Farm Management.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19249

EFFECTIVE COSTS AND CHEMICAL USE IN U.S. AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION: BENEFITS AND COSTS OF USING THE ENVIRONMENT AS A "FREE" INPUT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Morrison Paul,   Catherine J.; Ball,   V. Eldon; Felthoven,   Ronald G.; Nehring,   Richard F.
This study uses a cost-function-based model of production processes in U.S. agriculture to represent producers' input and output decisions, and the implied costs of reductions in risk associated with leaching and runoff from agricultural chemical use.  The model facilitates evaluation of the statistical significance of measured shadow values for "bad" outputs, and their input- and output-specific components, with a focus on the impacts on pesticide demand and its quality and quantity aspects.  The shadow values of risk reduction are statistically significant, and imply increased demand for effective pesticides over time that stem largely from improvements in quality due to embodied technology, and that vary substantively by region.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11986

Profits, Costs, and the Changing Structure of Dairy Farming
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: MacDonald,   James M.; O'Donoghue,   Erik J.; McBride,   William D.; Nehring,   Richard F.; Sandretto,   Carmen L.; Mosheim,   Roberto.
U.S. dairy production is consolidating into fewer but larger farms. This report uses data from several USDA surveys to detail that consolidation and to analyze the financial drivers of consolidation. Specifically, larger farms realize lower production costs. Although small dairy farms realize higher revenue per hundredweight of milk sold, the cost advantages of larger size allow large farms to be profitable, on average, even while most small farms are unable to earn enough to replace their capital. Further survey evidence, as well as the financial data, suggest that consolidation is likely to continue.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Dairy farming; Economies of scale; Economies of size; Dairy farm structure; Milk costs; Farm Management; Industrial Organization; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6704

At What Rate Do Farmers Substitute Manure For Commercial Fertilizers?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: O'Donoghue,   Erik J.; MacDonald,   James M.; Nehring,   Richard F.
Water quality has implications for the health of our ecosystem and the welfare of our population.  Agriculture is one of the major contributors of non-point source pollution that contaminates our nation's water supplies.  Understanding how farmers substitute manure for commercial fertilizers allows us to better understand the level of nitrogen that enters the soil and can seep into our waterways.  In this paper, we explore the factors that help determine farmers' substitution rates between the two types of fertilizers.  Location, crop type, and time all could play important roles.  We analyze USDA farm level survey data for both crop and livestock farms covering the years 1996 to 2002 to create substitution rate estimates used on corn, soybean, and wheat...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Farm Management.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19252

A Translog Cost Function Analysis of U.S. Agriculture: 1948-1999
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ball,   V. Eldon; Nehring,   Richard F.; Moss,   Charles B.; Erickson,   Kenneth W.
This study examines the implications of the short-run specification of the standard, static translog cost function along with the possible implications of non-stationarity by estimating a dynamic translog cost specification complete with dynamic share equations for the U.S. using an empirical approach developed by Urga and Walters (2003). We compare the results of the static, long-run model with those of a dynamic, short-run error-correction model in terms of 1) significance of the parameter estimates, and 2) consistency with economic theory.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/35968

Intensive versus Extensive Dairy Production Systems: Dairy States in the Eastern and Midwestern U.S. and Key Pasture Countries the E.U.: Determining the Competitive Edge
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nehring,   Richard F.; Sauer,   Johannes; Gillespie,   Jeffrey M.; Hallahan,   Charles B.
In recent years, significant structural and production system changes have been noted in the U.S. and European Union, as well as increased interest in pasture-based dairy systems. Technical efficiency, returns to scale, and farm characteristics are compared by size and production system in traditional U.S. dairy states and E.U. countries.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: U.S.; EU Countries; Dairy Systems; Technical Efficiency; Returns To Scale; Size; Technology; Land Prices; Production Economics; Q12.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98824

OFF-FARM INCOME, TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION, AND FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fernandez-Cornejo,   Jorge; Mishra,   Ashok K.; Nehring,   Richard F.; Hendricks,   Chad; Southern,   Malaya; Gregory,   Alexandra.
The economic well-being of most U.S. farm households depends on income from both onfarm and off-farm activities. Consequently, for many farm households, economic decisions (including technology adoption and other production decisions) are likely to be shaped by the allocation of managerial time among such activities. While time allocation decisions are usually not measured directly, we observe the outcomes of such decisions, such as onfarm and off-farm income. This report finds that a farm operator’s off-farm employment and off-farm income vary inversely with the size of the farm. Operators of smaller farm operations improve their economic performance by compensating for the scale disadvantages of their farm business with more off-farm involvement....
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Off-farm income; Farm households; Economic performance; Managerial time; Scale economies; Scope economies; Technical efficiency; Technology adoption; Farm size; Agricultural Finance; Farm Management.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7234

Agricultural Productivity in the United States
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ahearn,   Mary Clare; Yee,   Jet; Ball,   V. Eldon; Nehring,   Richard F.
Increased productivity is a key to a healthy and thriving economy. Consequently, the trend in productivity, economywide, is one of the most closely watched of our common economic performance indicators. Agriculture, in particular, has been a very successful sector of the U.S. economy in terms of productivity growth. The U.S. farm sector has provided an abundance of output while using inputs efficiently. Agricultural productivity growth has been an important source of U.S. economic growth throughout the century, but the years since 1940 have seen an even faster growth in agricultural productivity. The annual average increase in productivity from 1948 to 1994 was 1.94 percent. This reflects an annual growth in output of 1.88 percent per year and an actual...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Productivity; Efficiency; Agricultural production; Outputs; Inputs; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33687

Small U.S. Dairy Farms: Can They Compete?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gillespie,   Jeffrey M.; Nehring,   Richard F.; Sandretto,   Carmen L.; Hallahan,   Charles B.
The U.S. dairy industry is undergoing rapid structural change, evolving from a structure including many small farmers in the Upper Midwest and Northeast to one that includes very large farms in new production regions. Small farms are struggling to retain competitiveness via improved management and low-input systems. Using data from USDA’s Agricultural Resource Management Survey, we determine the extent of U.S. conventional and pasture-based milk production during 2003-2007, and estimate net returns, scale efficiency, and technical efficiency associated with the systems across different operation sizes. We compare the financial performance of small conventional and pasture-based producers with one another and with largescale producers. A stochastic...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Pasture-based system; Technical efficiency; Returns to scale; Dairy; Livestock Production/Industries; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52869

Incorporating Environmental Impacts in the Measurement of Agricultural Productivity Growth
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ball,   V. Eldon; Lovell,   C.A. Knox; Luu,   H.; Nehring,   Richard F.
Agricultural production is known to have environmental impacts, both adverse and beneficial, and it is desirable to incorporate at least some of these impacts in an environmentally sensitive productivity index. In this paper, we construct indicators of water contamination from the use of agricultural chemicals. These environmental indicators are merged with data on marketed outputs and purchased inputs to form a state-by-year panel of relative levels of outputs and inputs, including environmental impacts. We do not have prices for these undesirable by products, since they are not marketed. Consequently, we calculate a series of Malmquist productivity indexes, which do not require price information. Our benchmark scenario is a conventional Malmquist...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Environmental impacts; Productivity growth; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30911

Agricultural Profits and Farm Household Wealth: A Farm-level and Cross-sectional Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Blank,   Steven C.; Erickson,   Kenneth W.; Nehring,   Richard F.; Hallahan,   Charles B.
This study examines the relationship between agricultural profits and farm household wealth across locations and farm sizes in U.S. agriculture.  Farmland has out-performed non-farm investments over the past decade.  Thus, households may want to keep their farmland to build wealth, even if it requires them to earn off-farm income.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21436

Economics and Productivity of Organic versus Non-organic Dairy Farms in the United States
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gillespie,   Jeffrey M.; Nehring,   Richard F.; Hallahan,   Charles B.; Morrison Paul,   Catherine J.; Sandretto,   Carmen L.
Technical and scale efficiencies are estimated for organic and non-organic dairy farms in the United States using an input distance function approach. A multinomial logit analysis is used to categorize the farms by technology. Large conventional farms outperformed smaller farms in most technology / organic / non-organic categories. There was high variability in net returns among the organics so that they did not differ significantly from the large conventional farms. The largest conventional non-organic operations and conventional organic operations tended to have the higher technical efficiencies.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Organic dairy production; Input distance function; Technical efficiency; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44415

Assessing Economic and Environmental Impacts of Ethanol Production on Fertilizer Use in Corn Production
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nehring,   Richard F.; Vialou,   Alexandre; Erickson,   Kenneth W.; Sandretto,   Carmen L.
The share of corn used in ethanol production has been growing rapidly. USDA predicts that more than 30 percent of the corn crop will be used for ethanol production in 2009/2010. Expanded corn acreage contributes to the application of more fertilizer and is likely to introduce a larger volume of nutrients into the environment. This study found that an increase in ethanol production is consistent with a significant increase in quality-adjusted fertilizer use in selected corn states.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Quality-adjusted fertilizer; Corn production; Ethanol; Excess nutrients; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6736

The Economics of Organic Versus Conventional Cow-calf Production
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gillespie,   Jeffrey M.; Nehring,   Richard F.
Costs, returns, and profitability of cow-calf farms that are organic or transitioning to organic are compared with those of cow-calf farms that are non-organic. A method of matching samples is used for the comparison. Results suggest higher cost of organic production due to higher unpaid labor, taxes and insurance, and overhead costs.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Matching Samples; Profit; Costs; Farm Management; Production Economics.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119773

Dairy Resource Management:  A Comparison of Conventional and Pasture-Based Systems
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nehring,   Richard F.; Gillespie,   Jeffrey M.; O'Donoghue,   Erik J.; Sandretto,   Carmen L.
Facing rapid and significant change in the sector, U.S. dairy production trends from 1993-2005 were tracked and performance measures (scale and technical efficiency and returns on assets) were estimated for conventional and pasture-based dairy farms using data from USDA's Agricultural Resource Management Survey.  Comparisons of relative economic performance of dairy farms by size and type are made.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Dairy operations; Pasture-based systems; Technical efficiency; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/34814

Determining the Competitive Edge: Diversified Dairy Production Systems in the United States and the European Union
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sauer,   Johannes; Nehring,   Richard F.; Gillespie,   Jeffrey M.; Morrison Paul,   Catherine J.; Blayney,   Donald P.; Hallahan,   Charles B.; Latruffe,   Laure.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Livestock Production/Industries; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61149

Capital as a Factor of Production in OECD Agriculture: Measurement and Data
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ball,   V. Eldon; Lindamood,   W.A.; Nehring,   Richard F.; Mesonada,   Carlos San Juan.
This paper provides a farm sector comparison of levels of capital input for fourteen OECD countries for the period 1973-2002. The starting point for construction of a measure of capital input is the measurement of capital stock. Estimates of depreciable capital are derived by representing capital stock at each point of time as a weighted sum of past investments. The weights correspond to the relative efficiencies of capital goods of different ages, so that the weighted components of capital stock have the same efficiency. Estimates of the stock of land are derived from balance sheet data. We convert estimates of capital stock into estimates of capital service flows by means of capital rental prices. Comparisons of levels of capital input among countries...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Financial Economics.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21315

Accounting for Bads in the Measurement of Productivity Growth: A Cost Indirect Malmquist Productivity Measure and it Application to U.S. Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ball,   V. Eldon; Fare,   Rolf; Grosskopf,   Shawna; Zaim,   O.; Nehring,   Richard F.
This paper starts with the basic premise that the conventional measures of productivity growth, which ignore joint production of good and bad outputs, are biased. We then construct an alternative productivity growth measure using activity analysis. An application to U.S. agriculture demonstrates its usefulness.  More specifically, we show that the Tornqvist index of productivity is biased upward when production of undesirable outputs or "bads" is increasing. Conversely, this same measure of productivity is biased downward when externalities in production are decreasing.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20442

MODELING SUPPLY RESPONSE IN A MULTIPRODUCT FRAMEWORK REVISITED: THE NEXUS OF EMPIRICS AND ECONOMICS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ball,   V. Eldon; Moss,   Charles B.; Erickson,   Kenneth W.; Nehring,   Richard F.
This paper models supply response in U.S. agriculture using disaggregated output data and tests statistically key assumptions traditionally maintained in agricultural supply studies. Following Vasavada and Chambers; Shumway; and Ball, we use U.S.-level data, 1948-1999 to estimate a multiproduct supply response model for U.S. agriculture, and report our preliminary results.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21981

Off-Farm Work and Economic Performance: Comparing Crop and Livestock Farms
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fernandez-Cornejo,   Jorge; Nehring,   Richard F.; Erickson,   Kenneth W.
This paper examines how off-farm work affects the economic performance of crop and (selected) livestock farms.  It estimates returns to scale and technical efficiency following an input distance function approach and compares the relative performance of dairy and corn farm operator households with and without off-farm work. We use farm-level data from the USDA's ARMS survey for 1996-2005.  The impact of off-farm work on scale and technical efficiency is examined from two viewpoints: first, the effect of off-farm work on the scale and technical efficiency of the farm business in the production of traditional commodities (farm-level perspective); second, the impact of off-farm work on scale and technical efficiency at the household level, considering both...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Farm Management; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9904

Conservation Tillage, Pesticide Use, and Biotech Crops in the U.S.A.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fernandez-Cornejo,   Jorge; Hallahan,   Charles B.; Nehring,   Richard F.; Wechsler,   Seth James; Grube,   Arthur.
This paper presents the first part of an ongoing project whose objective is to present a long term relationship between conservation tillage, adoption of GE crops and pesticide use for major crops in the United States. In addition, the project aims to provide some innovative tests on causality using a panel data set.  This paper presents preliminary results for soybeans.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Conservation tillage; Biotechnology; Genetically engineered crops; Soybeans; Herbicides; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Production Economics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60941

Have Hog Producers with Production Contracts Maintained an Economic Advantage over Independent Hog Producers in Recent Years?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nehring,   Richard F.; Banker,   David E.; O'Donoghue,   Erik J.
Preliminary estimates of technical efficiency based on USDA data for 1997 through 2001 indicate that  independent operations were significantly more efficient than contract operations. Preliminary estimates also indicate that both types of  operations exhibited increasing returns to scale with contract operations appearing to exhibit significantly higher returns to scale than independent operations, but that larger contract and independent operations exhibit roughly comparable returns to scale. Our estimates of  excess nutrients that derive from both commercial fertilizer and manure, comparing the performance of production contract operations and independent operations indicate that, in general,  levels of excess nutrients per acre of land are...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22057

Assessing Recent Trends in Pesticide Use in U.S. Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fernandez-Cornejo,   Jorge; Nehring,   Richard F.; Newcomb Sinha,   Elizabeth; Grube,   Arthur; Vialou,   Alexandre.
Replaced with revised version of paper 04/20/10.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Pesticides; Herbicides; Insecticides; Hedonic models; Genetically engineered crops; Corn; Soybeans; Cotton; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49271

The Impacts of Off-Farm Income on Farm Efficiency, Scale, and Profitability  for Corn Farms
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nehring,   Richard F.; Fernandez-Cornejo,   Jorge.
This paper estimates returns to scale and technical efficiency of corn farms following an input distance function approach and compares the relative performance of farm operator households with and without off-farm wages and salaries. We use 1995-2003 USDA data.  The input distance function results suggest that off-farm outputs and inputs can be modeled in a multi-activity framework, which materially alter performance measures in the Corn Belt. We find that off-farm income boosts scale and technical efficiency of smaller operations. We also find that the number of hours worked off-farm by the spouse contributes to a higher technical efficiency.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Farm Management.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19566

Productivity Growth, Technological Progress, and Technical Efficiency in the Heartland and Southern Cotton States:1996-1999.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Morrison Paul,   Catherine J.; Nehring,   Richard F.; Banker,   David E.; Breneman,   Vincent E.
Given recent concerns expressed about the structural transformation of agriculture and the health of the family farm this study provides a measure of the economic health of small and large farms at the state level. We use nonparametric frontier methods to measure and explain changes in the efficiency, productivity, and technological change of U.S. farms, employing USDA’s annual 1996 to 1999 surveys of farms. Our results for the corn and cotton states analyzed identify particularly weak economic performance of small farms in Iowa, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Wisconsin and of large farms in Missouri, Oklahoma, and South Carolina. Our results also indicate strong performance of small farms in several states. Thus, these results give policy makers a more detailed...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20679

Adoption of Technology, Management Practices, and Production Systems by U.S. Beef Cow-Calf Producers
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pruitt,   J. Ross; Gillespie,   Jeffrey M.; Nehring,   Richard F.; Qushim,   Berdikul.
Using USDA’s Agricultural Resource Management Survey data, factors leading to the adoption of technology, management practices, and production systems by U.S. beef cow-calf producers are analyzed. Binary logit regression models are used to determine impacts of vertical integration; region of the U.S.; farm size, diversification, and tenure; and demographics on adoption decisions. Significant differences were found in adoption rates by region of the U.S., degree of vertical integration, and size of operation, suggesting the presence of economies of size and vertical economies of scope. Results also indicate high degrees of complementarity among technologies, management practices, and production systems.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Cattle; Cow-calf; Management practices; Production systems; Technology adoption; Farm Management; D21; Q12; Q16.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123778

Economic Efficiency of U.S. Organic Versus Conventional Dairy Farms:  Evidence from 2005 and 2010
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nehring,   Richard F.; Gillespie,   Jeffrey M.; Hallahan,   Charles B.; Sauer,   Johannes.
We estimate an input distance function for U.S. dairy farming to examine the competitiveness of organic and non-organic dairy production by system and size. Across organic/non-organic systems and size classes, size is the major determinant of competitiveness based on various measures of productivity and returns to scale.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Organic; Non-organic; Input Distance Function; Livestock Production/Industries; Production Economics.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119769

Impact of GE Crop Adoption on Quality-Adjusted Herbicide Use in U.S. Corn Production
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nehring,   Richard F.; Martin,   Andrew; Fernandez-Cornejo,   Jorge; Hallahan,   Charles B.; Vialou,   Alexandre; Wechsler,   Seth James; Grube,   Arthur.
This paper presents findings on the use of HT corn and quality-adjusted herbicide use for 12 key corn producing states using a panel data set for 1986-2008. Our preliminary findings indicate an insignificant impact of HT corn on herbicide use, conditioning or accounting for HT corn with other important drivers of corn herbicide use: HT soy, corn output price, glyphoste price, nonherbicide glyponsate price, and percentage of continuous corn and low-till corn. However, we find a positive and significant impact of HT corn on herbicide use in selected states, using regional interaction terms.  We use econometric techniques to avoid spurious regression results. Other preliminary runs indicated that the results hold when running the US and regional interactions...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: HT-corn; Herbicides; Weed resistance; Glyphosate; Corn; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Production Economics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103369

Manure and Commercial Fertilizer Nutrients Relative to Cropland and Pasture Requirements: Is the Pollution Risk Growing on Corn/Livestock Farms?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nehring,   Richard F.; Christensen,   Lee A.; O'Donoghue,   Erik J.; Sandretto,   Carmen L.
Recent trends in livestock concentration in major corn producing states suggest that increasing risk of water pollution from manure applications may be offsetting declines in risk of water pollution from chemical fertilizer. Analysis of data from ARMS surveys found that potential excess nitrogen and phosphorous per corn acre increases sharply between 1996 and 2001 when manure nutrient credits are included.  Cohort analysis of farms found that the level of technical efficiency appears to be positively associated with potential nutrient pollution from both sources.  Operations with high ratios of manure applied to manure produced and excess phosphorous tend to be more technically efficient than operations with low ratios of manure applied to manure produced...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21980

Land Quality in an International Comparison: It's Importance in Measuring Productivity
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nehring,   Richard F.; Ball,   V. Eldon; Breneman,   Vincent E.
The purpose of this paper has been to present quality-adjusted values for land in the United States and nine European countries using price and quantity data for 1990. Disregarding such differences in the quality-adjusted land input would generate biased estimates of the land input and thus of total factor productivity. Land quality adjustments could potentially be enhanced further with additional data on soil characteristics, climate, and other productivity-related characteristics.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Total factor productivity; Hedonic techniques; Soil stress; Quality-adjusted land; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24910

U.S. Agriculture, 1960-96 A Multilateral Comparison of Total Factor Productivity
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ball,   V. Eldon; Butault,   Jean-Pierre; Nehring,   Richard F.
This study provides estimates of the growth and relative levels of agricultural productivity for the 48 contiguous States for the period 1960 to 1996. For the full 1960-96 period, every State exhibits a positive and generally substantial average annual rate of productivity growth. There is considerable variance, however. The wide disparity in growth rates resulted in substantial changes in the ranking order of States by productivity. For each year, we calculate the coefficient of variation of productivity levels. We use these coefficients to show that the range of levels of productivity has narrowed over time, although the pattern of convergence was far from uniform. The fact that in some States, productivity grew faster than others and yet the...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Production accounts; Multilateral index numbers; Total factor productivity; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33590

Genetically Modified Crops, an Input Distance Function Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gardner,   Justin G.; Nehring,   Richard F.; Nelson,   Carl H.
Our initial findings indicate that GM crops do not contribute to the decline of traditional family farms. We make a significant methodological impact by using the within transformation to remove unobserved individual effects and demonstrate that the within transformation results in ML estimates that are identical to OLS estimates.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Production Economics; Genetically Modified Crops; Distance Function; Stochastic Frontier Analysis; Production Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6800

Urban Sprawl and Farmland Prices
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Livanis,   Grigorios T.; Moss,   Charles B.; Breneman,   Vincent E.; Nehring,   Richard F.
A theoretical model of farmland valuation is developed that allows urban sprawl to affect farmland values through the conversion of farmland to urban uses, shifts in production to higher-valued crops, and the speculative effect of urban pressure on farmland values. This model is estimated using county level data in the continental United States. Evidence is found for all three effects of urban sprawl on farmland values, with a significant contribution of urban pressure on net agricultural returns around major urban centers. Ancillary evidence supports that the latter effect is attributable to shifts to high-valued crops.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Hedonic determinants; Land prices; Spatial productivity; Urban sprawl; Land Economics/Use; R14; Q15; D24; C33.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15657

Impact of GMO Crop Adoption on Quality-Adjusted Pesticide Use in Corn and Soybeans: A Full Picture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Vialou,   Alexandre; Nehring,   Richard F.; Fernandez-Cornejo,   Jorge; Grube,   Arthur.
Replaced with revised version of paper 07/15/08.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6429

Forage Outsourcing in the Dairy Sector: The Extent of Use and Impact on Farm Profitability
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gillespie,   Jeffrey M.; Nehring,   Richard F.; Sandretto,   Carmen L.; Hallahan,   Charles B.
The extent of forage purchasing behavior in milk production and its impact on profitability are analyzed using data from the 2000 and 2005 dairy versions of the Agricultural Resource Management Survey. Forage outsourcing is more common with hay than with silage and haylage, and is more prevalent in the western United States. Though silage and haylage outsourcing is found to impact profitability, the major profitability drivers appear to be farm size and efficiency. Evidence of significant forage contracting is found in the western United States.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Forage; Input purchasing; Outsourcing; Contracting; Milk production; Farm Management; Industrial Organization; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95591

The Cost of Increasing Adoption of Beneficial Nutrient-Management Practices
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lambert,   Dayton M.; Livingston,   Michael J.; Nehring,   Richard F.; Sands,   Ronald D.; Wechsler,   Seth James.
We estimate the cost of offsets tied to reductions in the use of nitrogen on U.S. cornfields under the proposed American Clean Energy and Security Act.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Offsets; Nitrogen; Corn; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60946

Pasture-Based Dairy Systems: Who Are the Producers and Are Their Operations More Profitable than Conventional Dairies?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gillespie,   Jeffrey M.; Nehring,   Richard F.; Hallahan,   Charles B.; Sandretto,   Carmen L.
U.S. dairy operations are sorted via a multinomial logit model into three production systems: pasture-based, semi-pasture-based, and conventional. Region, farm size, financial situation, and production intensity measures impact system choice. Analysis follows to determine the impact of production system on enterprise profitability. Region, farm size, and demographic variables impact profitability, as does system choice: semi-pasture-based operations were less profitable than conventional operations on an enterprise, per hundredweight of milk produced basis. Significant differences were not found in the profitability of pasture-based operations versus those using other systems.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Dairy farm size; Grazing; Pasture-based dairying; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57630

Cow-Calf Farm Management: Farm survey evidence from 2007
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nehring,   Richard F.; Peel,   Derrell S.; Nulph,   David.
This study describes and compares cow-calf operations and assesses their relative competitiveness, developing performance measures for a sample of U.S. farms. We find that larger operations tend to be significantly more scale and technically efficient than smaller operations.  However, we do not find significant differences in net farm returns by size except on medium large operations—showing virtually no net return on farm assets in 2007. While larger operations are clearly more scale and technically efficient and have lower variable costs per cow, off-farm income makes smaller operations competitive as reflected in higher household returns than all size groups--except for very large cow-calf operations.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cow-calf; Performance measures; Technical efficiency; Farm Management; Production Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46672