Consulta: repository:"118"
Registros recuperados: 443
Data/hora: 05/06/2024 08:17:55

The impacts of biofertilizer and mineral fertilization on the growth and production of yellow passion fruit irrigated with moderately saline water
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Nascimento,José A. M. do; Cavalcante,Lourival F; Cavalcante,Ítalo H. L; Pereira,Walter E; Dantas,Stênio A. G; Medeiros,Sherly A. da S.
Yellow passion fruit, because it is sensitive to the salinity of irrigation water or soil, requires restrictive water management strategies and inputs that mitigate the effects of salts on plants irrigated with harmful saline water levels. As such, an experiment was designed to evaluate the effects of bovine biofertilizer and mineral fertilization with NPK on the growth and production of yellow passion fruit plants irrigated with moderately saline water. Treatments were arranged in a randomized block with three replications and 12 plants per plot using a 4×2 factorial design with four doses of bovine biofertilizer diluted in water at 0, 33.3, 66.6 and 100% proportions in soil with and without NPK. The evaluated variables included the stem diameter, number...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Organic input; Salinity; Passiflora edulis Sims.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202016000200008

Field response of Hylastinus obscurus Marsham (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) to E-2-hexenal and limonene, two host-derived semiochemicals
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Parra,Leonardo; Mutis,Ana; Ortega,Fernando; Quiroz,Andrés.
L. Parra, A. Mutis, F. Ortega, and A. Quiroz. 2013. Field response of Hylastinus obscurus Marsham (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) to ,E-2-hexenal and limonene, two host-derived semiochemicals. Cien. Inv. Agr. 40(3): 637-642. Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), a valuable legume in Chile, is important mainly for seed production and as forage for animal production. Although it is considered a perennial, the productivity of this legume declines during the second year of growth primarily because of infestation by the red clover root borer, Hylastinus obscurus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Currently, there is no efficient method for controlling this insect, although the use of semiochemicals may provide a new alternative to reduce the damage caused by this...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: E-2-hexenal; Hylastinus obscurus; Limonene; Semiochemicals; Trifolium pratense.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000300016

Vine balance: a study case in Carménère grapevines
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Fredes,Claudio; Moreno,Yerko; Ortega,Samuel; Von Bennewitz,Eduardo.
Vitis vinifera cv. Carménère is a vigorous variety of grapevine that requires high temperatures and luminosity for achieving optimal phenolic maturity and herbal aromas, which has been reported to signifcantly delay harvest in Chile. This research was developed under the hypothesis that canopy management, vigor and crop load could modify the productive and vegetative relationships for obtaining early or late ripening and achieving vine balance. The aim of this study was to determine the vine balance and the time of ripeness for Carménère grapevines. Different vigor and canopy managements were evaluated. The study was conducted in the Central Valley of Chile during the 2007 to 2008 season with own-rooted Carménère vines trained to a four-cane vertical shoot...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Canopy management; Cluster thinning; Grape ripeness; Pruning; Vine balance; Vitis vinifera.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202010000100014

Viticultura, Fundamentos para Optimizar Producción y Calidad Gonzalo F. Gil y Philippo Pszczólkowski
Provedor de dados: 118
Tipo: Journal article
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202007000300009

Simulation of control strategies for decision-making regarding Digitaria sanguinalis in glyphosate-resistant soybeans
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Oreja,Fernando H; Bastida,Fernando; Gonzalez-Andújar,José L.
A bioeconomic model was developed for decision-making regarding large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis) control in glyphosate-resistant soybeans in the Rolling Pampas ofArgentina. The model was used to evaluate the economic returns of four different glyphosate-based strategies for weed control. In the absence of herbicide application (T1), the soil seed bank increases to an equilibrium density of 12,079 seeds m-2 in three years. A single herbicide application during the early stages of the crop (T2), which was intended to be highly effective in the control of an early weed cohort, allows a late, unaffected cohort to produce sufficient seeds to maintain population densities in the soil seed bank. A single, delayed herbicide application (T3), which was...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Crop-weed competition; Digitaria; Herbicides; Glycine max; Large crabgrass; Sensitivity analysis; Transgenic crop.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000200006

Effect of culture medium and incubation on the characteristics of micropropagated agave plants
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Enríquez-del Valle,José R; Antonio-Luis,Karla H; Rodríguez-Ortiz,Gerardo; Campos-Ángeles,Gisela V.
Agave potatorum Zucc adventitious shoots were obtained in vitro from stem tissues and rooted in different solid media, pH 5.8, containing the following: 1) different concentrations (50, 75, and 100%) of MS (Murashige and Skoog) mineral salts and 2) different quantities of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) (0, 0.5, 1 mg L-1). The shoots in each medium were separated into two groups and incubated for 84 days under different environments, including a laboratory or greenhouse. The experimental design was completely randomized with a 3×3×2 factorial arrangement. Adventitious roots emerged after 10 to 14 days of incubation, depending on the condition of incubation. In both laboratory and greenhouse settings, after 28 days of incubation, 66.6 and 93.6% of shoots...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Fluorescent lighting; Incubation environment; Indole butyric acid; Mineral salts; Solar radiation.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202016000200009

Influence of physical attributes on the price of land: the case of the Province of Talca, Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Troncoso,Javier L; Aguirre,Medardo; Manriquez,Paula; Labarra,Varinia; Ormazábal,Yony.
This study aims at estimating the percent impact on the price of farmland of the following physical attributes: size, soil quality, water rights, connectivity and location. To this effect, all the farm sales occurred in the province of Talca between 2003 and 2006 were examined, directly from the corresponding title deeds, at the Conservador de Bienes Raíces (Property Register) of Talca, obtaining thus a total of 92 observations. Subsequently, a linear function was estimated, with price per hectare as the dependent variable and the physical attributes listed above, as explanatory variables. Analysis showed that the most influential variable is location (Le. county) and in a very minor degree, connectivity (Le. distance to the nearest paved road), water...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Hedonic price functions; Marginal price; Percent impact on price.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202010000300009

Factors that influence the use of contract farming by southern Chilean farmers
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Morales,Liliana; Echeverría,Rodrigo; Barrera,María del V.
Unlike in the central zone of Chile, the use of contract farming (CF) is uncommon in the southern regions of the country, and few studies have attempted to explain this situation. The objective of this study was to analyze the factors that influence the use of CF in southern Chile. The methodology consisted of two approaches: a quantitative approach, wherein a multinomial logit model was applied to data obtained from questionnaires completed by 384 southern producers, and a qualitative approach that included in-depth individual interviews with professionals, officials of public institutions, and producer focus groups. The main results show that producers with high educational levels, large farms, and production oriented toward the export market who are...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Contract farming; Multinomial logit model; Focus groups; Interviews.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000100004

Diversity and singularity of the avifauna in the austral peat bogs of the Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve, Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Ibarra,José Tomás; Anderson,Christopher B; Altamirano,Tomás A; Rozzi,Ricardo; Bonacic,Cristián.
Sphagnum-dominated peat bogs that are strongly embedded within the southern temperate forest matrix are increasingly being used for agriculture. Nevertheless, little is known about their biodiversity. Moreover, the remote areas of southern Chile where peat bogs are found, such as the Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve (CHBR, 54-55ºS), where birds are the most diverse and best represented group of vertebrates, have not been well-investigated. With the aim to broaden this knowledge in the CHBR, we studied the diversity of the avian assemblage in peat bogs on Navarino Island. We compared the composition of avian species between wetlands with and without peat bogs to test if Sphagnum bogs represented a singular habitat for birds in this area. Furthermore, the 37 bird...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Assemblage; Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve; Navarino Island; Patagonia; Sphagnum spp.; Wetlands.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202010000100003

Factors that influence the price of cattle in livestock auctions: the case of the stockyard of Melipilla (Chile)
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Troncoso,Javier L; Engler,Alejandra; Manriquez,Paula; Valdivia,Antonio.
This study aims to weigh the influence of observable traits on live cattle prices, i.e., the percent impact on the final price of various physical characteristics. These characteristics are those that commonly are published in auction catalogues, as is the case of: average lot weight, lot size, age, breed and corporal condition. In addition, the influence of seasonality and business cycles were also explored. Using the data collected from the records of El Tattersall S.A., a hedonic price function was fitted. The results showed that the most influential variables with respect to the price of beef cattle, in decreasing order, are as follows: 'condition', 'breed', 'quarter of sale' and 'year', which are followed far behind by 'lot size' and 'average weight'....
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Hedonic price functions; Marginal price; Percent impact on price.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000100003

Genetic parameters of growth and survival in Acacia saligna shrubs
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Mora,Freddy; Perret,Sandra; Scapim,Carlos Alberto; Arnhold,Emmanuel.
Acacia species have valuable agronomic characteristics, such as the tolerance to unfavorable environmental conditions. In this study, genetic parameters and selection response in Acacia saligna shrubs were investigated in two arid environments of northern Chile: Cuz-Cuz and El Tangue. The quantitative traits were assessed in 5 year-old shrubs. A Bayesian approach, implemented using Gibbs sampling algorithm, was used in the data analysis. The tree survival was 87.3% and 81.8% in Cuz-Cuz and El Tangue, respectively, confirming the potential of A. saligna in northern Chile. The estimates of posterior mode of the heritability ranged from h2=0.13 (survival) to h2=0.25 (shrub crown diameter). Estimated genetic gain (individual tree selection) ranged from 6 to...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Drylands; Fodder production; Acacia saligna; Multipurpose trees; Bayesian analysis.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202010000200001

An update on genetically modified crops
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Schwember,Andrés R.
A. R. Schwember. 2008. An update on genetically modified crops. Cien. Inv. Agr. 35(3):231-250. Genetically modified (GM) crops were introduced in the mid 1990s and two principal transgenic technologies currently domínate the market, herbicide-tolerant (HT) crops and insect-resistant crops (Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) crops). HT crops have simplified weed management practices, reduced crop production costs, and have had positive effects on the environment. However, there are concerns about the potential development of weeds resistant to glyphosate, the main herbicide employed with HT crops. A second major worry associated with the use of HT crops is the potential introgression of genes from GM crops into wild relatives (i.e. gene flow) and its potential...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Bt crops; Gene flow; Genetically modified crops; Glyphosate; Golden Rice; Herbicide-tolerant crops; Transgenic crops.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202008000300001

Influence of a spray-dried fat enriched with EPA and DHA on the fatty acid composition of sow milk
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Grez,Mariola; Gandarillas,Mónica; González,Fernando; Vargas-Bello-Pérez,Einar.
Supplementation with eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids (EPA and DHA) through the addition of fish oils to mammal diets during lactation benefits milk production, litter growth and the litter immune system, but there is little evidence supporting the use of oils that have been dried using a spray-drying method designed to cool and crystalize fat particles. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a spray-dried dietary fat enriched with EPA and DHA on the fatty acid composition of sow milk. Fifteen pregnant sows were assigned to three dietary treatments from day 100 of gestation until weaning (day 28). Control sows (CONT) were fed an unsupplemented basal diet, and supplemented sows were fed the basal diet plus 20 g (FOPF20) or 40 g...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Fatty acids; Milk; Powdered fat; Sow; Spray-dry.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202016000300001

Effect of rainfall regimes on seed production and quality of Avena barbata
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Olivares,Alfredo; Johnston,Myrna; Calderón,Carolina.
The effects of rainfall amount and distribution on seed yield and quality in Avena barbata were evaluated in a greenhouse under controlled conditions with simulated rainfall regimes. A randomized complete-block design was used with five replications of one pot each. Seven treatments were established according to rainfall regimes for a real year in the semiarid zone in the Metropolitan Región, Chile: normal rainfall (1982), late rainfall (1987), normal-early rainfall (1962), normal-late rainfall (1989), dry-early rainfall (1981) and dry-late rainfall (1990). One treatment without water stress was left for comparison. One-year-old seeds were planted in pots with disinfected soil. The five most uniform plants in terms of size and health were chosen for the...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Avena; Development; Growth; Seeds; Water stress.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202009000100006

Attitudinal determinants of willingness-to-pay for river ecosystem improvements in central Chile: A choice experiment
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Huenchuleo,Carlos A; Barkmann,Jan; Marggraf,Rainer.
A respondent&amp;#8217;s preference for non-market goods depends not only on the attributes of the goods but also on the respondent&amp;#8217;s attitude towards the goods being valued. Accounting for these characteristics may substantially improve the ability of stated choice models to represent preference heterogeneity. In this regard, we analyzed the influence of respondent attitudes on the valuation of river ecosystem quality attributes affected by pulp mill wastewater in two central Chilean watersheds. We applied the Choice Experiment (CE) method to assess preferences on river pollution risk, water quality effects, threatened species and the yield in local fisheries. The payment vehicle was an additional annual charge to the electricity bill. All three...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Attitudes; Choice modeling; Economic valuation; Water resource.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202016000100011

Introduction to Fruit Crops Mark Rieger
Provedor de dados: 118
Tipo: Journal article
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202007000100008

Role of flower preservative solutions during postharvest of Hydrangea macrophylla cv. Bela
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Aros,Danilo; Silva,Cristian; Char,Cielo; Prat,Loreto; Escalona,Víctor.
D. Aros, C. Silva, C. Char, L. Prat, and V. Escalona. 2016. Role of flower preservative solutions during postharvest of Hydrangea macrophylla cv. Bela. Cien. Inv. Agr. 43(3):418-428. Hydrangea macrophylla (hydrangea) is widely used as an ornamental plant and cut flower due to its inflorescence, which is composed of colored bracts. As cut flowers, hydrangeas show a postharvest life of up to 1 month at 2 °C, but little is known about their postharvest life during air shipment. This study was aimed at evaluating the effect of Triton X-100 (surfactant) and ClO2 (biocide) during an air shipment simulation of hydrangea harvested at two floral stages of development: fresh and antique. Vase life, fresh weight loss (FWL) and solution uptake were evaluated after an...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: ClO2; Hydrangea; Triton X-100; Vase life; ClO2; Hortensia; Triton X-100; Vida en florero.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202016000300008

Effect of the inoculum size on the axenic in vitro production of Steinernema carpocapsae
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Suárez-Sánchez,Juan; Alatorre-Rosas,Raquel; Poggi-Varaldo,Héctor M; Barrera-Cortés,Josefina.
The effect of inoculum size on the axenic in vitro production of Steinernema carpocapsae, using a transparent medium with hemoglobin and cholesterol, was studied. Axenic cultivation was performed with fertile eggs ofS. carpocapsae (hatching of eggs: 89 ± 4%), which were obtained by lyses of female nematodes and subsequent incubation. Two important aspects of this work include the use of a completely transparent medium enriched with hemoglobin and cholesterol and the high multiplication factor of the population (MFIP) of 87, which is considered high for in vitro axenic cultures of nematodes. In vivo methods have the advantage of high MFIP, but they also have the disadvantage of the high number and complexity of the operations involved for the purposes of...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Axenic culture; Hemoglobin; In vitro culture; Steinernema carpocapsae; Transparent medium.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000100011

Conservation of Brycon orbignyanus natural populations and stocks for their reproductive, genetic, environmental sustainability: A model for species threatened with extinction
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Lopera-Barrero,N. M.
Several ecological and climatic factors, especially those related to human activities, have been contributing to the disappearance of natural populations of piracanjuba (Brycon orbignyanus). Due to the importance of these fish to the ecosystems in which they are located and their qualities of fast growth and ability to adapt to controlled environments, producers have expressed increased interest in recent years in using this species, with particular aims of increasing production, and participation in conservation programs. In this study, strategies for the sustainable management of B. orbignyanus are idealized and discussed, with the goals of perfecting the reproductive, genetic, environmental and sanitary management of this species and suggestions for...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Animal welfare Brycon orbignyanus; Environmental conservation fish; Genetic bank genetic conservation piracanjuba reproductive management.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202009000200004

The antifungal effect of six commercial extracts of Chilean propolis on Candida spp
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Herrera,Christian L; Alvear,Marysol; Barrientos,Leticia; Montenegro,Gloria; Salazar,Luis A.
Propolis has been used in traditional medicine for many centuries because of its benefcial health properties, including its antimicrobial capacity. Prosthesis stomatitis affects a signifcant percentage of users of removable dentures; Candida albicans is the most common fungal species associated with the development of this pathology. Thus, the objectives of this study were: a. To evaluate the antifungal activity of six commercial propolis extracts against Candida spp. that was isolated from the oral cavity of removable dentures users, and b. To determine chemical characteristics of the propolis extracts evaluated. Among the results, we note that these concentrations of polyphenols varied between 9 ± 0.3 and 85 ± 2.1 mg mL-1. Chromatographic analysis was...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Antifungal activity; Candida albicans; Propolis.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202010000100007

Consumer preferences and willingness to pay for organic apples
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Cerda,Arcadio A; García,Leidy Y; Ortega-Farías,Samuel; Ubilla,Álvaro M.
This study provides marketing data regarding consumer preferences and willingness to pay for organic agricultural products in Chile. The main objectives of this study were to assess consumer willingness to pay for organic apples and to determine the main attributes that consumers look for when purchasing apples. The methodology applied to reach the first objective was the contingent valuation method using a logistic probability function and a single-bound dichotomous choice format. Additionally, this study estimates the marginal willingness to pay (WTP) of consumers for organic apples by using conjoint analysis with ranking procedures. This study was performed in the city of Talca, Chile, where a total of 400 individuals from a probability sampling were...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Apple attributes; Conjoint analysis; Contingent valuation; Willingness to pay.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000100004

Variation over time in the prevalences of three viruses of the grapevine leafroll complex in a commercial vineyard in south-central Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Mujica,María Valentina; Mora,Roxana; Rosales,Marlene; Sandoval,Claudio.
A vineyard in south-central Chile was surveyed during five growing seasons to analyze the increase over time in the number of plants infected with Grapevine leafroll-associated virus-1, -2 and -3. At the end of the study, GLRaV-3 was found to be the most prevalent virus, with 46% of plants infected by this pathogen. GLRaV-2 infected 13% of plants, and GLRaV-1 infected 12%. Considering all three viruses together, the prevalence of infection increased exponentially from 14% of the plants at the beginning of the study period to 68% at the end. The patterns of the spread of GLRaV-2 and GLRaV-3 were mostly along the rows, whereas the pattern of spread for GLRaV-1 could not be determined.
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Field transmission; Grapevine leafroll-associated virus; GLRaV-1; GLRaV-2; GLRaV-3; Virus diagnosis.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000100012

Crecimiento vegetativo, productividad y tolerancia a la deficiencia de hierro en seis portainjertos de duraznero creciendo en suelo calcáreo
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Sotomayor,Carlos; Ruiz,Rafael; Castro,Jorge.
Iron deficiency is a major problem that affects many fruit crops grown on calcareous soils. A four-year study was conducted to evaluate the effect of calcareous soils on the vegetative growth and productivity of six peach rootstocks (Nemaguard, Atlas, MRS 2/5, Cadaman, GF 677 and GxN15) grafted with 'Ruby Diamond' nectarines. Trees were planted in 100 L containers filled with a sandy loam textured, calcareous soil (6.3% active calcium carbonate) with a pH of 8.0 and an intermediate level of available iron (5 mg kg-1 of Fe+2). The trunk diameter during the 4th growing season was larger in GF 677, GN 15, Cadaman and Atlas, whereas Nemaguard and MRS 2/5 showed smaller average values. Cadaman and Atlas presented the highest pruning weight (a measure of...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Calcareous soil; Fe+2; Iron chlorosis; Peach rootstock; SPAD.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202014000300013

Using penoxsulam ALS inhibitor as a broad-spectrum herbicide in Chilean rice
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Kogan,Marcelo; Gómez,Patricio; Fischer,Albert; Alister,Claudio.
The continuously-flooded rice production system in Chile has selected highly competitive aquatic weeds selection capable ofreducing paddy yields by 25 to 50%. Penoxsulam is a broad-spectrum triazolopyrimidine (ALS inhibitor) commercially introduced in Chile in 2006, where Alisma plantago aquatica hads already evolved resistance to sulfonylurea herbicides (SU). Several field trials with water seeded rice were conducted during 2003 and 2004 in Chile to determine efficacy, timing of application, spectrum of control, and control of SU-resistant A. plantago aquatica with the herbicide penoxsulam, either in single applications or in sequence with other herbicides. Penoxsulam was applied a) 12 days after seeding (DAS) into the water (IW), b) in postemergence...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Penoxsulam; Bensulfuron; Metsulfuron; MCPA; Bentazon; Triclopyr; Cyperus difformis; Schoenoplectus mucronatus; Alisma plantago-aquatica; Echinochloa crus-galli; Herbicide-resistance.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202011000100008

Current and potential distribution areas for Nothofagus alessandrii, an endangeredtree species from central Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Santelices,Rómulo; Drake,Fernando; Mena,Carlos; Ordenes,Rodrigo; Navarro-Cerrillo,Rafael M.
Nothofagus alessandrii ("ruil") is an endangered species native to the Maule Coastal Forest of central Chile. Previous studies have demonstrated that the current distribution of this species and rates of deforestation and fragmentation present a serious threat to the species. To address this threat, spatial and temporal variation in remnant "ruil" forest cover was analyzed for the period from 1991 to 2008. Using aerial photography and geomatic tools, the state of "ruil" forests cover in 1991 was compared to the "ruil" forests cover in 2008 and with this information, the potential distribution area of this species was calculated. The results demonstrate that the current area of "ruil" forest is approximately 314 ha, with a net loss of 42 ha (12% of the...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Deforestation; Forest tree; Nothofagus alessandrii; Potential distribution; Ruil; Spatial distribution.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000300011

Fungi from the Diaporthaceae and Botryosphaeriaceae families associated with grapevine decline in Tunisia
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Chebil,S.; Fersi,R.; Bouzid,M.; Quaglino,F.; Chenenaoui,S.; Melki,I.; Durante,G.; Zacchi,E.; Bahri,B. A.; Bianco,P. A.; Rhouma,A.
Abstract Severe decline of mature grapevines has recently been observed in several vineyards in grape regions in northern Tunisia. Between August 2011 and June 2013, wood samples from diseased vines showing dead spur and cordons, shoot dieback associated with sunken necrotic bark lesions and brown to black vascular streaking were collected from numerous diseased vineyards. Several fungal species were isolated from the margin between healthy and symptomatic tissue. Three species of Botryosphaeriaceae, namely, Diplodia seriata, Neofusicoccum australe, and N. vitifusiforme and one species of Diaporthaceae, namely, Diaporthe neotheicola, were observed to be associated with the decline of old vines. Other fungal species were recovered from diseased wood,...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Botryosphaeriaceae; Diaporthaceae; Trunk disease; Virtual RFLP; Vitis vinifera.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202017000200127

Distribution and recycling of canopy nitrogen storage reserves in sweet cherry (Prunus avium) fruiting branches following 15N-urea foliar applications after harvest
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Ayala,Marlene; Bañados,Pilar; Thielemann,Mariana; Toro,Román.
In sweet cherries, accumulated nitrogen (N) stores from the previous fall support early spring growth. To complement the N supply in the soil, Chilean growers use foliar urea applications after harvest. Information on the effectiveness of foliar N applications in sweet cherry is lacking. To study the canopy distribution of N applied as urea foliar sprays, an experiment using a "Bing"/"Gisela®6" ("GI®6") sweet cherry orchard was carried out in 2009/2010 in Chile (35° 09' 53'' S, 71° 20' 43'' W). The objective was to investigate N distribution and recycling in 3-year-old fruiting branches. A total of 120 branches (one per tree) were labeled using 15N-urea. 15N-urea was applied to the whole branch on four separate dates or treatments (TR) after fruit harvest:...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Bark; Buds; Canopy; Leaves; N use efficiency; Fruit; Stored N; Spur; Sweet cherry wood.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202014000100007

Scientific productivity and collaboration in viticulture and enology in Latin American countries
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Aleixandre,José Luis; Bordeu,Edmundo; Aleixandre-Tudó,José Luis; Bolaños,Máxima; Aleixandre-Benavent,Rafael.
J.L. Aleixandre, E. Bordeu, J.L. Aleixandre-Tudó, M. Bolaños, and R. Aleixandre-Benavent. 2013. Scientific productivity and collaboration in viticulture and enology in Latin American countries. Cien. Inv. Agr. 40(2): 429-443. The aim of this study was to analyze the scientific activity of Latin American researchers in viticulture and oenology through bibliometric analyses of articles included in the Science Citation Index Expanded database for the period of 2006 to 2010. A total of 917 research articles were published in 364 domestic and international journals. We highlight the important growth in the number of research papers published during the period, especially in Brazil, Argentina and Chile, as well as an increasing number of international...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Impact factor; Latin American countries; Network analysis; Scientific collaboration; Scientific productivity; Viticulture and enology.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000200017

Modelos de crecimiento diametral para Austrocedrus chilensis en la Cordillera de Nahuelbuta, Chile: Una interpretación biológica
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Navarrete Espinoza,Eduardo; Cárcamo Ojeda,Juan; Novoa Barra,Pablo.
El estudio se efectuó en tres rodales de "ciprés de la cordillera" (Austrocedrus chilensis) denominados Horno de Barro, Lomas de Toro y Las Animas, en el sector de Maitenrehue (37°30'- 39°37' S; 72°45'- 73°00' O), ubicado en la Cordillera de Nahuelbuta, IX Región de la Araucanía, área que es considerada refugio glacial para muchas especies del bosque chileno. Mediante un análisis de árbol individual y la evaluación de su competencia, se construyeron modelos de crecimiento diametral, con la finalidad de explicar y estimar el crecimiento diametral en función de variables dendrométricas y dasométricas de fácil medición. La información se obtuvo mediante análisis de tallo. Como resultado se presentan modelos de incremento medio anual en diámetro a a altura del...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Ciprés de la cordillera; Competencia específica; Crecimiento individual.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202008000300009

Estandarización en propóleos: antecedentes químicos y biológicos
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Peña,Raúl C.
El propóleos es un producto apícola resinoso y complejo, con una variable apariencia física, recogido y transformado por las abejas melíferas (Apis mellifera) desde la vegetación que visitan. Se distribuye en farmacias y almacenes naturistas, y en la actualidad carece de un estándar de calidad. Las propiedades biológicas y farmacológicas más estudiadas son aquellas que lo describen como agente antiinflamatorio, antioxidante, antiséptico y antineoplásico. En este trabajo se revisa la información farmacológica y analítica tendiente a una estandarización que permita producir medicamentos de eficacia y seguridad terapéutica comprobable
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Abejas; Apis mellifera; Estándares analíticos; Farmacología; Método palinológico; Propóleos.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202008000100002

Analogy of physicochemical attributes of two grape seeds cultivars
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Ahmadi,Seyed Mohammad; Siahsar,Barat Ali.
In this study, a range of physicochemical properties (dimensions, kernel volume, mass unit, bulk and true densities, porosity, terminal velocity, static friction coefficient against different surfaces, oil content and fatty acids composition) of the Bojnordi and Fakhri cultivars of grape seeds were studied. Fatty acid composition for both cultivars of grape seeds consisted of palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic and linolenic acid. The values for palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic and linolenic acid for the Bojnordi cultivar were 9.56, 4.37, 22.87, 62.85 and 0.33% and for the Fakhri cultivar were 9.22, 4.33, 19.75, 66.40 and 0.28%, respectively. All physical properties of the grape seed cultivars were significantly affacted by the moisture content in the...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Chemical properties; Fatty acid; Grape seed; Physical properties.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202011000200014

New raw material for activated carbon: I. Methylene blue adsorption on activated carbon prepared from Khaya senegalensis fruits
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Gimba,Casmir E; Ocholi,Odike; Egwaikhide,Peter A; Muyiwa,Turoti; Akporhonor,Emmanuel E.
Activated carbons were prepared from Khaya senegalensis fruits. Carbonization and activation temperatures were 500°C and 800°C, respectively, at residence time of 5 min for each process. Activating agents were 1M each of NaCI, KCl, CaCl2, MgCl2.6H2O, Na2CO3 K2CO3 H2SO4, and ZnCl2. Particle size was 125 um and adsorption studies were carried out using methylene blue in aqueous solution as adsórbate through fixed beds in micro columns. Equilibrium data were analyzed using adsorption intensity and capacity parameters from the Freundlich isotherms as well as breakthrough curves. Results were compared with performances of commercial animal charcoal and granular activated carbon. The results suggest that K senegalensis fruits are suitable raw matenals for...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Activation; Adsorption; Carbonization; Isotherm Khaya senegalensis.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202009000100010

Development of insulin resistance in horses (Equus caballus): etiologic and molecular aspects
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Gandarillas,Monica; Matus,José Tomás; Márquez-Hernández,Roberto I; Vargas-Bello-Pérez,Einar.
In horses, insulin resistance is associated with several comorbidities such as obesity, laminitis, colic and osteochondrosis. The multifactorial causes of insulin resistance in horses have been addressed, which include genetic and environmental factors. As a consequence of these factors, the cellular signaling pathways responsible for insulin synthesis, the glucose intake in target cells of peripheral tissues and other related processes (e.g., adipocytokine signaling pathways) are affected. In response to insulin, changes in gene expression occur, which are required for the integration of an entire network of metabolic and physiological responses in different organs. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) were the particular focus of...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Equine nutrition; Insulin resistance; PPAR-gamma.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202015000200001

Relación entre las unidades de vegetación y la microtopografía en un pastizal ubicado en un sector mal drenado de Argentina
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Martín,Beatriz; Sosa,Oscar; Montico,Sergio; Zerpa,Gabriel.
A menudo, las comunidades vegetales presentes en los paisajes deprimidos de la Pampa Ondulada son espacialmente heterogéneas. El objetivo de este trabajo fue establecer si existe relación entre las características estructurales y funcionales de la vegetación con la topografía, en un área mal drenada. El estudio se realizó en un sector próximo a una cañada perteneciente a la cuenca del arroyo Ludueña (Zavalla, Santa Fe, Argentina). El recorrido del arroyo Ludueña se ubica entre los 32° 46° y 33° 07' de latitud sur y 60° 39' y 61° 07' de longitud oeste. La identificación de las comunidades vegetales y un relevamiento topográfico permitieron reconocer tres unidades forrajeras de alta productividad (UFAP). En cada una se midió la productividad primaria neta...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Ambientes deprimidos; Comunidades vegetales; Topografía; Unidades forrajeras.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202007000200003

Production systems, technical parameters and quality of bovine milk producers in southern Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Pérez,Jorge A.
Production information of 29 milk producers in the southern region of Chile was studied with the objective of characterizing and classifying different dairy production systems, evaluating various associations between quantitative and qualitative studied variables and analyzing the effect of the production system and the quality of bovine milk according to the month of the year that it was processed. The classification of production groups was based on the implementation of the exploratory multivariate technique, main components analysis and conglomerates or cluster analysis. The applied statistical model was: y ijk = µ + Mi + SPj + MSPij + e ijk, where y ijk=dependent variables (fat, protein, count of somatic cells and colony forming units); µ=general...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Cluster analysis; Colony forming units; Fat percentage; Main components analysis; Multivariable analysis; Protein percentage; Somatic cell.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202011000100002

Influencia del calibre, mercado de destino y mes de comercialización en el precio de exportación de la palta Hass: Un enfoque hedónico
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Troncoso,Javier L; Aguirre,Medardo; Manríquez,Paula; Mundigo,Daniel.
Se estimó una función hedónica log-lineal de precios, para el mercado internacional de la palta chilena, cultivar Hass. Los datos se obtuvieron de una empresa frutícola ubicada en Quillota, donde se ubican la mayor parte de las plantaciones de paltas de Chile. El precio FOB (en logaritmos) se explicó en función de calibre, mercado de destino y mes de comercialización. Los resultados mostraron que los mercados de destino son muy influyentes en el precio, seguido de los meses de comercialización y, en último término, el calibre. Los mercados europeos y argentinos tienen impactos negativos significativos en el precio en tanto que, con la excepción de Houston, los mercados norteamericanos y Tokio tienen impactos positivos. En cuanto al mes de comercialización,...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Función hedónica de precios; Impacto porcentual; Precio marginal.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202008000300011

Behavior of grazing European wild boar (Sus scrofa) in a semi-extensive production system
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Hodgkinson,Suzanne M; Matus,Felipe; Lopez,Ignacio F.
In the semi-extensive farming systems that are used to raise European wild boar in countries such as Chile, the behavior of the animals in paddocks has not been studied and is important for managing the system. The objective of the present study was to determine the proportion of time that grazing wild boar spent on different activities and the distribution of these activities during the day. The study was conducted in paddocks containing Cynodon dactylon, Lolium perenne and Poa pratensis. A total of 35 purebred European wild boars with a liveweight (average + SEM) of 37.4 + 1.11 kg with noserings were used in the study. The animals were in the paddocks from 08:30 h until 16:30 h, after which they had free access to a commercial diet for one hour and were...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Behavior observations; Behavior patterns; European wild boar; Grazing.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000100017

Primer registro de Goniozus legneri (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) para Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Zaviezo,Tania; Romero,Alda; Castro,David; Wagner,Adrián.
La polilla de la manzana (Cydia pomonella) y del algarrobo (Ectomyelois ceratoniaé) son plagas importantes de manzanos y nogales en Chile. Durante monitoreos de fruta se encontró un betílido atacando larvas de estas especies. Como no existía conocimiento previo de parasitoides de larvas de estas especies en Chile, se realizó un estudio para determinar la especie, estudiar su biología y establecer su dispersión en Chile central. Con este propósito se muestrearon frutos de nogales y manzanos provenientes de árboles con y sin aplicaciones de pesticidas, en distintas localidades ubicadas entre la Región Metropolitana y la VII Región, donde se encontró Goniozus legneri atacando a larvas de polilla de la manzana y polilla del algarrobo. El parasitismo promedio...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Manzano; Nogal parasitoide polilla de la manzana polilla del algarrobo.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202007000100007

Susceptibilidad de híbridos de girasol (Helianthus annuus) a la podredumbre media del tallo y quebrado caulinar producido por Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Reimonte,Gabriela; Castaño,Fernando.
En el girasol (Helianthus annuus L.), cultivo de gran interés agronómico, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum ataca la parte media del tallo produciendo la podredumbre media del tallo. En Balcarce, Argentina, se realizó un ensayo a campo donde se evaluó la respuesta de 17 híbridos de girasol a S. sclerotiorum. Se evaluó la relación entre la lesión provocada por este patógeno y el quebrado del tallo enfermo. Los híbridos mostraron respuestas diferenciales al tamaño de la podredumbre y en el número relativo de tallos rotos, medido a los 20 días de iniciada la floración (dif). No hubo variabilidad de plantas quebradas a los 60 dif. Los híbridos con mayor longitud de lesión promedio mostraron mayor número de plantas quebradas. El debilitamiento del eje caulinar,...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Helianthus annuus; Mejora genética; Podredumbre caulinar; Quebradura de tallo; Resistencia; Sclerotinia sclerotiorum.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202008000100003

Ingestive behavior of steers on pastures of Brachiaria brizantha and Cynodon dactylon
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Zanine,Anderson de M; Vieira,Bruno R; Ferreira,Daniele de J; Vieira,Antônio J. M; Silveira,Márcia C. T. da; Siva,Wilton L. da; Cecon,Paulo R.
An experiment was carried out to assess the performance of steers on Brachiaria brizantha and Cynodon dactylon cv. Coast cross pastures by the continuous stocking method with a variable stocking rate. A completely randomized experimental design was used with two pastures representing the treatments, each containing 10 replicates. The results of t-tests demonstrated that the steers grazed for less time (7:19 h) on the B. brizantha grass pasture than the on Coast-cross grass pasture (8:13 h). There was no difference in rumination time from 6:46 and 6:89 h for the B. brizantha and Coast-cross pastures, respectively. There was a significant difference for the values regarding the time that the steers remained idle, and the animals were more frequently idle on...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Cattle; Ethology; Grazing; Idleness.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202016000200012

Systematic transitions in land use and land cover in a pre-Andean subwatershed with high human intervention in the Araucania Region, Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Saavedra Briones,Pablo; Sepúlveda-Varas,Alejandra.
P. Saavedra Briones, and A. Sepúlveda-Varas. 2016. Systematic transitions in land use and land cover in a pre-Andean subwatershed with high human intervention in the Araucania Region, Chile. Cien. Inv. Agr. 43(3):396-407. Historical studies of land use changes help us to understand the current configuration of the landscape and identify the environmental and social impacts that are associated with these transformations. Several authors describe the transitions as a process of change that transforms the landscape system; for systematic transitions, these transitions are driven by stable and gradual processes. The objective of this study is to determine the trajectory and magnitude of land use and land cover (LULC) change for the 1994-2007 period in a...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Chile; Land cover change; Land use planning; LULC; Systematic transitions.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202016000300006

Impact of odor signáis on Cycloneda sanguínea (Coleóptera: Coccinellidae) searching behavior
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Heit,Guillermo E; Cohén,Graciela; Mareggiani,Graciela.
Volatile infochemicals generated by aphids, their host plants, or from the interaction between host plant and herbivore (herbivore-induced volatile plant compounds) are among the environmental stimuli used by predators to lócate prey The objective of this study was to evalúate the olfactometric response of the predator Cycloneda sanguínea (Coleóptera: Coccinellidae) to volatile infochemicals associated with the tomato plant, Lycopersicon esculentum Mili. (Solanaceae), and the aphid prey Myzus persicae Sulzer (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Predator behavior was evaluated in an airflow olfactometer at 24 ± 2°C with 65 ± 10% relative humidity and a 16 h photoperiod. Latency time and the number of visits to the active chamber where the odor source was located were...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Cycloneda sanguínea; Infochemicals; Lycopersicon esculentum; Myzus persicae; Olfactometer.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202008000200010

Migration of coccinellids to alfalfa fields with varying adjacent vegetation in Central Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Grez,Audrey A; Torres,Constanza; Zaviezo,Tania; Lavandero,Blas; Ramírez,Marcelo.
Permanent and permeable edges, where natural enemies can feed, overwinter or easily cross over, should enhance the early arrival of these predators to crops. We evaluated the abundance and species richness of coccinellids migrating to alfalfa fields adjacent to Eucalyptus, a mix of false acacia, blackberries and poplar (F-B-P), vineyards, corn and annual vegetables. From September 2007 to May 2008, we captured coccinellids in three sticky traps (2.64 m²) placed at the borders between alfalfa fields and adjacent vegetation. We also estimated the abundance of aphid populations in the alfalfa fields, by counting the number of individuals per alfalfa stem in spring, summer and autumn. We collected 90,396 coccinellids from 14 species. Neither total abundance...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Agroecosystems; Conservation biological control; Edge effects; Ladybeetles; Migration; Natural enemies.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202010000200011

Importance of potato late blight in Argentina, and the effect of fungicide treatments on yield increments over twenty years
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Mantecón,Jorge D.
Late blight (Phytophthora infestans) is the most destructive fungal disease of potato (Solanum tuberosum) in Argentina, reducing yields considerably. During the 1986-2005 growing seasons, fungicide treatments to control potato late blight were performed using mancozeb (Dithane M80 WP, Dow AgroScience Argentina, 1986-2005) every 7 d, metalaxil+mancozeb (Ridomil MZ 72 WP, Syngenta Agro Argentina, 1986-1995) every 14 d, and mefenoxam+mancozeb (Ridomil Gold 68 WP, 1996-2005) every 7 d. Blight severity was rated five times each season on the basis of the percentage of diseased foliage caused by late blight. Five visual assessments of infection were used to calcúlate the area under the disease-progress curve (AUDPC, foliar blight x day). Marketable (&gt;60 g)...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Chemical control; Late blight; Phytophthora infestans; Potato; Potato diseases; Solanum; Yield increases.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202009000100011

Efecto de la densidad poblacional en la productividad de caracoles (Helix aspersd) en un sistema a cielo abierto alimentados con acelga y suplemento alimentario balanceado
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: González,Olga; Pérez Camargo,Gladys; Membiela,Macarena; Frezza,Diana; Bartoloni,Norberto; Vieites,Carlos.
La helicicultura es una actividad practicada en diversas regiones del mundo que ha sido promocionada en Argentina en los últimos años. Sin embargo, su expansión se ha limitado por diversos factores que han impedido lograr una producción adecuada a escala comercial. Entre estos factores se destacan la imposibilidad de obtener una cantidad adecuada de producto terminado y la dificultad de mantener una oferta forrajera acorde con las necesidades. En el presente trabajo se estudió la influencia de la densidad de cría (50, 100 y 200 caracoles m²) y la suplementación con alimento balanceado en la producción final de caracoles (Helix aspersa), para un sistema abierto y por unidad de superficie productiva. El peso vivo promedio final no mostró diferencias...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Alimentación; Caracoles; Densidad; Helicicultura; Producción en cautiverio.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202008000300002

Improving durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var durum) grain yellow pigment content through plant breeding
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Schulthess,Albert; Schwember,Andrés R.
A. Schulthess, and A.R. Schwember. 2013. Improving durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var durum) grain yellow pigment content through plant breeding. Cien Inv. 40(3): 475-490. Wheat grain yellow pigment content (GYPC) is an important trait that determines pasta quality. The main objective of this review is to examine the genetics regulating GYPC to enhance it through breeding, leading to improved pasta quality. Although GYPC is a polygenic trait, its high heritability has facilitated breeding internationally. GYPC is influenced by one or two major loci with additive effects plus several minor genes, and there is evidence showing that the phytoene synthase loci PSY1A and PSY1B are strong candidate genes that regulate GYPC. Nine Chilean durum wheat (Triticum...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Durum wheat; Grain yellow pigment content; Improved color; PSY1A; PSY1B; Backcrossing; Marker-assisted selection.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000300002

Analysis of the 3' end regions of the GDF9 and BMPR1B genes in Blackbelly sheep from Yucatán, Mexico
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: López-Ramírez,Rosa B; Magaña-Sevilla,Héctor F; Zamora-Bustillos,Roberto; Ramón-Ugalde,Julio P; González-Mendoza,Daniel.
The FecB mutation in the BMPR1B gene and the G6, G7 and G8 mutations in the GDF9 gene have been documented in Booroola Merino sheep breeds. These mutations have all been identified in several ovine breeds, such as Belclare, Cambridge. Blackbelly hairy sheep breed, which is well adapted to tropical climates due to its African origin, have 2 to 3 lambs per litter, corresponding to a high prolificacy for a tropical breed. The objective of this investigation was to identify mutations in the cDNA of the BMPR1B and GDF9 genes of 20 Blackbelly ewes selected for their prolificacy (two or more lambs by birth). The results of this study indicate the absence of mutations in these genes from the Blackbelly breed. However, it is important to analyze the 3' end region...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Blackbelly Breed cDNA FecB; 3' PCR-RACE Blackbelly breed FecB; 3' PCR-RACE.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202014000100012

A scenario for the conversion of Common Agricultural Policy payments in Spain after the 2011 legislative proposals
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Andrés,Silvia; García,José M; Compés,Raúl.
S. Andrés, J.M. García, and R. Compés. 2013. A scenario for the conversion of Common Agricultural Policy payments in Spain after the 2011 legislative proposals. Cien. Inv. Agr. 40(2):291-306. This paper evaluates the impact of a new model of agricultural policy outlined in legislative proposals issued by the European Commission in October 2011 and estimates its effects on agricultural aid in Spanish Autonomous Communities compared with 2009. Therefore, the OECD agricultural policy-index system was used. To the extent that transversal criteria are applied, which support the transfer of aid between territories, the results suggest that changing the payment assignation model would involve a redistribution of aid towards areas that currently least benefit from...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural policy; CAP post-2013; Direct payments; OECD; Redistribution.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000200005

Effects of physicochemical soil properties of five agricultural soils on herbicide soil adsorption and leaching
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Alister,Claudio; Araya,Manuel; Kogan,Marcelo.
Once pesticides reach the soil, there are several factors that affect their soil behavior. To identify the principal soil and herbicide properties that control their adsorption and leaching, a study of five Chilean agricultural and forest soils was performed. Simazine, diuron, terbuthylazine and MCPA were applied to the top of 45-cm tall by 12-cm diameter disturbed soil columns, filled with either an Andisol, Ultisol, Entisol or one of two Inceptisol soils. After herbicide applications, each lysimeter received 24 mm of simulated rain every 24 hours for five days. Once water percolation stopped, the lysimeters were divided into five sections and herbicide concentrations were quantified using High Pressure Liquid Chromatography. Relationships between soil...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Diuron; Fulvic acids; Humic substances; MCPA; Triazines.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202011000200010

Formulated diets for giant Chilean frog Calyptocephalella gayi tadpoles
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Toledo,Pedro H; Suazo,Ricardo; Viana,Maria T.
In this study, we conducted an experiment to evaluate the overall effect of novel diets on the growth, metamorphosis and survival of tadpoles of the endangered giant Chilean frog Calyptocephalella gayi (previously known as Caudiverbera caudiverbera) to evaluate the potential of this species for culture and repopulation purposes. Using fishmeal as the main protein source with a substitution of either scallop viscera or Spirulina meal, three treatments were formulated to contain similar amounts of protein and energy. The experiment was run for 75 days, after which the tadpoles showed no significant differences among treatments in terms of their growth or survival. This is the first study to report positive effects of different diets on the growth and...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Artificial diet; Nutrition; Protein sources; Spirulina meal; Survival.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202014000100002

An evaluation of orange and clear traps with pear ester to monitor codling moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in apple orchards
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Barros-Parada,Wilson; Knight,Alan L; Basoalto,Esteban; Fuentes-Contreras,Eduardo.
W. Barros-Parada, A.L. Knight, E. Basoalto, and E. Fuentes-Contreras. 2013. An evaluation of orange and clear traps with pear ester to monitor codling moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in apple orchards. Cien. Inv. Agr. 40(2):307-315. Studies were conducted to evaluate the use of several trap-lure combinations to improve the monitoring of codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), in apple, Malus domestica Bordk. The treatments involved the use of clear, orange, and white traps baited with one or more of the following attractants: the major sex pheromone component of the codling moth, (E, E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol (codlemone, PH); a primary volatile constituent of ripe pear, ethyl (E, Z)-2,4-decadienoate (pear ester, PE); and acetic acid...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Codlemone; Cydia pomonella; Lure; Monitoring; Pear ester; Semiochemical.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000200006

Effect of genus and growth stage on the chemical and mineral composition of tropical grasses used to feed dairy cows
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Arzate-Vázquez,Gerardo L; Castrejón-Pineda,Francisco A; Rosiles-Martínez,René; Carrillo-Pita,Silvino; Angeles-Campos,Sergio; Vargas-Bello-Pérez,Einar.
G.L. Arzate-Vázquez, F.A. Castrejón-Pineda, R. Rosiles-Martínez, S. Carrillo-Pita, S. Angeles-Campos, and E. Vargas-Bello-Pérez. 2016. Effect of genus and growth stage on the chemical and mineral composition of tropical grasses used to feed dairy cows. Cien. Inv. Agr. 43(3): 476-485. In tropical production systems, dairy cows are rarely supplemented with minerals, which often lead to mineral imbalances. Grasses grown together in the same soil type and sampled at the same growth stage can vary widely in chemical and mineral composition; therefore, the objective of this study was to characterize the chemical and mineral composition of Urochloa spp., Megathyrsus spp., and Andropogon spp. at three different stages of growth in the same soil type. The content...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Cows; Forage; Nutritive value; Ruminants; Trace minerals.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202016000300013

Lucerne and other perennial legumes provide new options for rain fed livestock production in the Mediterranean-climate region of Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Ovalle,Carlos; Espinoza,Soledad; Barahona,Viviana; Gerding,Macarena; Humphries,Alan; del Pozo,Alejandro.
In dryland Mediterranean environments, the productivity of annual legumes is low during autumn and winter, with plant senescence typically beginning by the middle of spring because of low soil water availability. Therefore, the use of deep-rooted perennial legumes may provide an alternative to annual legumes in regions with a soil moisture déficit. We evaluated the germplasm of new perennial legumes with deep rooting systems in two field experiments in the interior drylands of central Chile. In experiment 1, sixteen genotypes of four perennial legume species, nine cultivars (cvs.) of Medicago sativa, two of Hedysarum coronarium, three of Lotus tenuis, and two of Lotus corniculatus were evaluated for three seasons (2012-2014). In experiment 2, eight...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Dryland lucerne; Perennial legumes; Mediterranean pastures.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202015000300014

Phenology and ripening of Vitis vinifera L. grape varieties in São Joaquim, southern Brazil: a new South American wine growing region
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Gris,Eliana F; Burin,Vívian M; Brighenti,Emilio; Vieira,Hamilton; Bordignon-Luiz,Marilde T.
This study investigated the phenology and the ripening characteristics of Vitis vinifera grapes Cabernet Franc, Merlot, Sangiovese and Syrah in two consecutive vintages (2006 and 2007) in order to evaluate the adaptation of these recently cultivated varieties in São Joaquim, Santa Catarina State, Brazil. The phenological data observed, budburst, blooming, setting, véraison and harvest were monitorated. In order to monitor the ripening levels of pH, total acidity, total soluble solids, maturation Índex, total monomeric anthocyanins, total polyphenols index and color index were analyzed.The results show that the phenological cycle from budburst to harvest occurred within a frame time of 191 and 219 days and the heat summation requirements varied between...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Vitis vinifera L.; Climatic parameters; Grapes; Phenology; Ripening.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202010000200007

Genetic parameters for milk yield and reproduction traits in the Chilean Dairy Overo Colorado cattle breed
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Montaldo,Hugo H; Trejo,Carlos; Lizana,Carlos.
The objective of this study was to estimate genetic parameters for milk production and reproduction traits using phenotypic and pedigree information from the Dairy Overo Colorado breed from southern Chile. Single- and multi-trait mixed models were used to analyze the data. Analyses were performed using ASReml software. The heritability estimates for milk yield, fat yield, protein yield, fat content, protein content, age at first calving and calving interval were 0.29 ± 0.04, 0.34 ± 0.04, 0.30 ± 0.04, 0.56 ± 0.04, 0.56 ± 0.04, 0.01 ± 0.07 and 0.002 ± 0.02, respectively. The genetic correlations between yield traits were high and positive (&amp;#8805; 0.81). The genetic correlations of milk yield with fat content (-0.32) and protein content (-0.34) were...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Breeding; Chile; Correlation; Heritability; Local cattle breed.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202017000100003

The effect of foliar boron spraying on the fruit features of Brigitta and Legacy highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) cultivars
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Meriño-Gergichevich,Cristian; Pacheco,Eduardo; Reyes-Díaz,Marjorie.
C. Meriño-Gergichevich, E. Pacheco, and M. Reyes-Díaz. 2016. The effect of foliar boron spraying on the fruit features of Brigitta and Legacy highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) cultivars. Cien. Inv. Agr. 43(3):452-463. Boron (B) is associated with reproductive and antioxidant metabolism in plants, and in southern Chile, the deficiency of this micronutrient is ameliorated through foliar applications that are a part of agricultural management, thus ensuring the productivity of crops including highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.). However, the appropriate B dosage for this species is unknown, so the aim of this study was to evaluate foliar B application on fruit quality in highbush blueberry in southern Chile. During the 2014-2015 season,...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Antioxidant; DPPH; Fruit quality; Micronutrient; ORAC.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202016000300011

Comparison of nutrition composition of transgenic maize (chitinase gene) with its non-transgenic counterpart
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Ping-mei,Yan; Yu-kui,Rui; Xiao-yan,Yan; Zheng,Chai; Qing,Wang; Jian-zhong,Du; Yi,Sun.
In order to compare the nutrition components of transgenic maize seeds (chitinase gene), achieved by the pollen-mediated approach, with its non-transgenic counterpart, Vitamin B1, vitamin B2, fatty acids and essential amino acids of transgenic maize seeds and their counterparts were analyzed by the Chinese national standard methods or AOAC methods. The results showed that the contents of all the six kinds of fatty acids detected in transgenic maize seeds were significantly higher than those in their non-transgenic counterpart, the content of vitamin B2 in transgenic maize was significantly lower than that in non-transgenic maize seeds, the content of total amino acids in transgenic maize seed was higher than that in non-transgenic maize seeds, while...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Transgenic maize; Nutrition; Fatty acids; Essential amino acids; Vitamin; Chitinase gene.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202011000100014

Kinetic parameters of ruminai degradation of Marandu grass silage supplemented with brewer&amp;#8217;s grain
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Ferreira,Daniele de J; Zanine,Anderson de M; Lana,Rogério de P; de Souza,Alexandre L; Negrão,Fagton M; Geron,Luiz J. V; Parente,Henrique N; Dantas,Carlos C. O.
This study measured the kinetic parameters of the ruminal degradation of the silage of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu. The experiment had a completely randomized design with five treatments and five repetitions; the treatments featured the inclusión of natural brewer&amp;#8217;s grain to Marandu grass silage at levels of 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40%. The regression equation for the degradability of the soluble Fraction A of dry matter showed a linearly increasing pattern (P&lt;0.05) with an addition of 0.19% for each 1% of brewer&amp;#8217;s grain included. The percentage of insoluble potentially degradable fraction (B) of dry matter was reduced linearly (P&lt;0.05). The ruminal degradation rate in the dry matter (c), expressed as % h-1, increased linearly...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Byproduct; Forage conservation; Nutritive value.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202016000100012

Control de Oxalis latifolia: Revisión y propuestas para su mejoramiento
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Royo-Esnal,Aritz; López,María Luisa.
Oxalis latifolia es una mala hierba de distribución tropical, templada y mediterránea que infesta cultivos hortícolas, viveros, jardines y cultivos de maíz. A pesar de que algunos métodos mecánico-culturales y numerosos herbicidas contribuyen a un aceptable e incluso excelente control, su aplicación muchas veces es difícil y cara. Sin embargo, O. latifolia presenta determinadas características biológicas en su ciclo anual que la hacen más o menos vulnerable. Por ello se hace necesario estudiar combinaciones adecuadas de los métodos de control, como los arados, retrasos en la siembra o uso de cubiertas con los diferentes herbicidas, tanto residuales como foliares, siempre teniendo en cuenta sus particularidades biológicas, para cada tipo de cultivo en cada...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Control cultural; Control químico; Escarda; Herbicidas; Oxalis latifolia.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202008000200002

Labor as a welfare measure in contingent valuation: the value of a forest restoration project
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Schiappacasse,Ignacio; Vásquez,Felipe; Nahuelhual,Laura; Echeverría,Cristian.
Monetary contributions might not be appropriate welfare measures in contingent valuation (CV) when household incomes are very low. In such cases, willingness to pay (WTP) is restricted by a household's ability to reduce its consumption of other goods to pay for the environmental good under valuation. Beneficiaries, however, may be willing to contribute their time to work on a project instead of paying money. In this context, we assess the benefits of ecosystem services restoration in a rural area of high conservation value in central Chile, using a CV study that includes two WTP questions, one for cash and another for labor payments. The results indicate that labor payments in the form of a number of working hours per week were highly accepted among...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Cost-benefit analysis; Contingent valuation; Ecosystem services; Labor payments.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000100006

Spatial distribution of Canola culture in the State of Paraná (Brazil) between the agricultural years of 2005 and 2009
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Costa Wrublack,Suzana; Prudente,Victor H.R.; Mercante,Erivelto; Machado Coelho,Sílvia R.
S.C. Wrublack, V.H.R. Prudente, E. Mercante, and S.R.M Coelho. 2013. Spatial distribution of Canola culture in the State of Paraná (Brazil) between the agricultural years of 2005 and 2009. Cien. Inv. Agr. 40(3): 513-521. There are a number of crops that are viable for small farms. To increase our knowledge of the occurrence of canola cultivation in the State of Paraná, the present study aimed to identify the areas sown with canola (ha) and to examine canola production (t) during the growing seasons of 2005 to 2009. The methodology involved a literature review and analysis of spatial data from the Secretaria da Agricultura e do Abastecimento do Paraná (SEAB/PR). We used the software ArcGis 9.3 for elaboration of thematic maps of variables as well as the...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Spatial analysis; Spatial correlation; Statistic for areas; Vegetation cover.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000300005

Fire, logging and establishment patterns of second-growth forests in south-central Chile: implications for their management and restoration
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: González,Mauro E; Szejner,Paul; Donoso,Pablo J; Salas,Christian.
Second-growth forests represent the greatest potential resource for forest management and large-scale ecological restoration in many regions. In south-central Chile, second-growth forests include those dominated by Nothofagus obliqua, N. dombeyi, Drimys winteri, and a mixture of evergreen species, especially hardwoods. This article examines the influence of fire and logging on the establishment patterns and development of second-growth forests in south-central Chile. We characterize the size structure and composition of these four types of forests with sampling plots. The identification of the type of disturbance and its date of occurrence was determined from evidence such as fire scars and even-aged pulses of tree establishment. The size, structure and...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Disturbances; Ecological restoration; Nothofagus; Secondary succession.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202015000300011

Ecology: an integrated science for the artificialization of nature
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Gastó,Juan; Subercaseaux,Diego; Vera,Leonardo.
The main challenges confronting contemporary agronomy are being addressed according to the emerging and complex problems of our era. Agronomy corresponds to the science and profession of solving the problems ofagriculture. The emergence of agronomy in sociocultural processes and their coevolution is described, as agronomy represents the determinant for the artificialization of nature, the management of natural resources and the transformation and management of land. The integration of nature, culture and human well-being inform the tendencies that are expressed in the cultural landscape. Ecology, ecosystem, territory and cultural landscape are the resultant aspects that provide the basis for the study and development of natural resource and ecosystem...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Agronomy cultural landscape ecology ecosystem evolution of agronomy natural resources sociocultural processes territory; Transdisciplinarity.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000300001

In vitro bulbing for the propagation of Traubia modesta (Amaryllidaceae), a threatened plant endemic to Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Paredes,Kelly; Delaveau,Catherine; Carrasco,Pedro; Baeza,Carlos; Mora,Freddy; Uribe,Matilde E.
K. Paredes, C. Delaveau, P. Carrasco, C. Baeza, Freddy Mora, and M.E. Uribe. 2014. In vitro bulbing for the propagation of Traubia modesta (Amaryllidaceae), a threatened plant endemic to Chile. Cien. Inv. Agr. 41(2): 207-214. Critically endangered, Traubia modesta is endemic to Chile and belongs to the family Amaryllidaceae. In this research, a propagation protocol was developed for the in vitro cultivation of vegetative organs for this species. The twin scale explants were cultured in a Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, supplemented with the growth regulators naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) in different concentrations. Plant preservative mixture (PPM) and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) were used as a biocide and an antioxidant,...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Bulbing; Critically endangered species; In vitro propagation; Traubia modesta; Twin scales.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202014000200007

An assessment of volume-ratio functions for Eucalyptus globulus and E. nitens in Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Gilabert,Horacio; Paci,Carlos.
Volume-ratio and total volume models for Eucalyptus nitens and E. globulus grown in southern Chile were ftted independently. The validation process considered the bias and the total error in the volume estimates, as well as the age classes close to thinning and harvesting operations. Volume estimates from the system of functions (volume and ratio) were compared to the volume estimates from a taper function (Bruce model) to estimate the volume at different top stem diameters. The results indicated that general (as opposed to local) logarithmic functions performed better in their estimation of the total volume for both species, while a unique polynomial model was the best model for the ratio estimates for both Eucalyptus species. The system of functions...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Eucalyptus; Models; Timber products estimates; Volume-ratio functions.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202010000100001

Control of plant-parasitic nematodes using cover crops in table grape cultivation in Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Baginsky,Cecilia; Contreras,Américo; Covarrubias,José Ignacio; Seguel,Oscar; Aballay,Erwin.
C. Baginsky, A. Contreras, J.I. Covarrubias, O. Seguel, and E. Aballay. 2013. Control of plant-parasitic nematodes using cover crops in table grape cultivation in Chile Cien. Inv. Agr. 40(3): 547-557. A study to evaluate the effect of a three-year rotation with cover crops for the management of plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) was performed in two vineyards producing table grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) in a semiarid region in the north of Chile. In the first vineyard, located in Copiapó valley (trial I), the crops used in the rotations or monoculture were fava bean (Vicia faba) cv. Aguadulce, rape (Brassica napus var. napus) cv L-456, forage turnip (B. rapa var. rapa) cv. Barkant, barley (Hordeum vulgare) cv. Aurora, oat (Avena sativa) cv. Urano-INIA, and...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Vitis vinifera; Crop protection; Nematicidal plants; Botanical nematicides.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000300008

Profit maps for precisión agriculture
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Bazzi,Claudio L; Souza,Eduardo G; Khosla,Raj; Uribe-Opazo,Miguel A; Schenatto,Kelyn.
During the last few years, yield maps have become economically feasible for farmers due to technological advances in precision agriculture. However, evidence of yield profitability is still uncertain, and variability in yield has seldom been correlated to variability in profits. Differently from yield maps, profit maps can supply additional information about the economic return for each particular area of a field. The objective of the present work was to study how management decisions can be facilitated by transforming yield-map datasets into profit maps and the importance of the selection of interpolator type. Yield and profit maps were generated for each data set (three soybean fields and one corn field) using the inverse of the distance (ID), the...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Precision agriculture; Profit map; Profitability map.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202015000300007

Nitrogen fertilization sources and insecticidal activity of aqueous seeds extract of Carica papaya against Spodoptera frugiperda in maize
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Figueroa-Brito,Rodolfo; Villa-Ayala,Patricia; López-Olguín,Jesús F; Huerta-de la Peña,Arturo; Pacheco-Aguilar,Juan R; Ramos-López,Miguel A.
R. Figueroa-Brito, P. Villa-Ayala, J.F. López-Olguín, A. Huerta-de la Pena, J.R. Pacheco-Aguilar, and M.A. Ramos-López. 2013. Nitrogen fertilization sources and insecticidal activity of aqueous seeds extract of Carica papaya against Spodoptera frugiperda in maize. Cien. Inv. Agr. 40(3): 567-577. The damage caused by the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to vegetative-stage maize cultivated with chemical nitrogen fertilizers, vermicompost, and Carica papaya L. (Caricaceae) seed extract was estimated. Each shoot was infested with one first instar larva of S. frugiperda. The variables measured included the percentage of germination, length of the second and fifth leaves, stem diameter and plant height, and the estimation of...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Aqueous extract; Caricaceae; Chemical fertilizers; Damage; Fall armyworm; Spodoptera frugiperda.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000300009

Eficiencia de la selección en líneas de pimiento (Capsicum annuum), provenientes de cuatro sub-poblaciones, en caracteres de interés productivo
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Rodríguez,Yaritza; Depestre,Tomás; Gómez,Olimpia.
En Cuba, existe necesidad de contar con líneas de pimiento (Capsicum annuum L.) con resistencia múltiple a las principales enfermedades virales, de frutos grandes y de buena adaptación. Estos cultivares deberían ser utilizados como progenitores en la obtención de híbridos Fl con mejores cualidades fenotípicas y comercialmente más competitivos. Por lo tanto, este trabajo tuvo por objetivo caracterizar productivamente líneas de pimiento proveniente de cuatro sub-poblaciones para establecer la eficiencia de la selección. Se estudiaron los parámetros genéticos y estadísticos que optimizan la selección para caracterizar un grupo de 27 líneas en conjunto, cultivadas en un suelo Ferralítico Rojo. Se determinó resistencia los virus del mosaico del pepino (CMV)...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Híbridos F1; Multiresistentes; Pimiento.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202008000100004

Simultaneous detection of CTV, CEVd and HSVd using Arizona 861 S1 Citron and RT-PCR
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Camps,Rocío; Castro,Mónica; Besoain,Ximena.
R. Camps, M. Castro, and X. Besoain. 2014. Simultaneous detection of CTV, CEVd and HSVd using Arizona 861 S1 Citron and RT-PCR. Cien. Inv. Agr. 41(2): 255-261. Citrus tristeza virus (CTV), Citrus exocortis viroid (CEVd) and Hop stunt viroid (HSVd) are pathogens that affect citrus trees in Chile. The simultaneous use of a rapid diagnostic method with the effective cleaning of infected budwood is a powerful preventative method for controlling viral diseases. The objective of this study was the multiple detection of CTV, CEVd, and HSVd, through bio-amplification in Arizona 861-S1 citron plants, combined with two incubation temperatures and multiple RT-PCR in two steps. Citron indicator plants were inoculated with the three pathogens, both individually and...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: CEVd; Citrus; CTV; Diagnostic methods; HSVd; Rapid detection.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202014000200012

Effect water activity on in vitro mycelial growth of Neofusicoccum spp. infecting blueberry
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Latorre,Bernardo A; Díaz,Gonzalo A; Reed,María P.
Stem canker in blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) is a disease which is widely distributed around the world and of growing importance in Chile, associated with Neofusicoccum species. The purpose of the present work was to study the effects of water activity (a w) and temperature on mycelial growth in vitro of N. arbuti, N. australe and N. parvum, obtained from blueberries with symptoms of stem canker. According to the results obtained, 25 °C was the optimum temperature for mycelial growth of N. arbuti, N. australe and N. parvum. These species presented minimal growth at 35 °C and none at 0 and 5 °C. The effect of a w on mycelial growth was significant (P&amp;#8804;0.001) and varied with the species of Neofusicoccum and the temperature. At 25 °C, the...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Ecological determinants; Neofusicoccum arbuti; Neofusicoccum australe; Neofusicoccum parvum; Stem canker; Dieback; Vaccinium; Water potential.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000100019

Stem and soil CO2 efflux responses of Pinus radiata plantations to temperature, season, age, time (day/night) and fertilization
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Bown,Horacio E; Watt,Michael S.
Stem CO2 efflux is a highly variable component of the carbon budget of forest ecosystems. It reflects the balance between the CO2 respired by the living stem tissues, less the CO2 dissolved in the xylem sap moving upward in the transpiration stream, plus the CO2 transported from the roots and released at the stem. Although knowledge about such fluxes at different spatial and temporal scales has markedly increased, knowledge of the effects of silviculture treatments, such as fertilization, on stem CO2 effluxes are still limited, particularly when connecting above- and belowground processes. Using measurements obtained from twin plots (one control, one fertilized) installed in five-, 12- and 23-year-old stands of Pinus radiata, the objective of this study...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Aboveground; Age; Belowground; CO2 efflux; Fertilization; Forest plantation.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202016000100009

Discrete observations of the spatial distributions of the Helix aspersa snail in an outdoor system
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: González,Olga; Pérez Camargo,Gladys; Membiela,Macarena; Frezza,Diana; Bartoloni,Norberto; Vieites,Carlos.
In this study, adult Helix apersa land snails with previously established periodicity were observed at three densities in their finishing stage in order to contribute to the body of knowledge about spatial distribution and certain behavior patterns in an outdoor system. From November 8 to December 18, 2006, snails that were in their final fattening phase were grouped at three densities (50 snail·m-2, 100 snail·m-2, 200 snail·m-2) and randomly placed in nine cubicles, with three replicates of each density. Twelve observations of the snail behavior were made between 12 am and 1 pm. The categories selected as "discrete acts" include: observing the snails in the shelters, on Swiss chard leaves (Beta vulgaris), adhered to the netting, on the balanced feed, on...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Helix aspersa; Heliciculture; Snails; Spatial distribution.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202009000100012

Pre- and postharvest attributes of muskmelon cultivars for fresh-cut cubes
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Krarup,Christian; Jacob,Cristián; Contreras,Samuel.
The choice of the appropriate cultivar is a critical factor for obtaining a successful crop and for satisfying the needs of the industry and consumers. Nine commonly used or recently available varieties of cantaloupe melons (Cucumis melo L. Group Cantalupensis) were evaluated in two locations with the objective of selecting cultivars ad hoc for processing as fresh-cut cubes. Overall, the yield (30 to 45 t ha-1) and quality, including mainly the fruit size and soluble solids concentration (SSC), varied between locations, but the relative performance of cultivars was similar. The cultivars showed significant differences in attributes that are relevant for the industry and the consumer: color (from yellow to deep orange), SSC (from 8.7 to 14.7%), firmness...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Cantaloupe; Color; Chilling injury; Cucumis melo; Firmness; Soluble solids; Storage.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202016000100004

Soil erosion by water estimated for 99 Uruguayan basins
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Carrasco-Letelier,Leonidas; Beretta-Blanco,Andrés.
Abstract Soil erosion can be accelerated by agricultural intensification, and the soil loss can alter the quality of water bodies. Sustainable agricultural production therefore requires the management of erosion and potential water pollution. In Uruguay, where there is heavy use of soil for agriculture, there is a need to continually develop and update erosion management policies. In this framework, we estimated the erosion in 99 drainage basins by analyzing and managing the information required (K, L, S, C and R-factors) in the universal soil loss equation (USLE) and the revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE) in a geographical information system (GIS). The studied drainage basins encompass 73% of the area of Uruguay. The results include the...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Erosion; GIS; RUSLE; USLE; Watersheds.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202017000200184

Enhanced in vitro drought tolerance of Solanum tuberosum and Solanum commersonii plants overexpressing the ScCBF1 gene
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Pino,María Teresa; Ávila,Andrea; Molina,Andrea; Jeknic,Zoran; Chen,Tony H.H.
Cultivated potato crops are sensitive to drought stress, reducing yield and tuber quality when the soil water potential drops to -0.3 MPa. However, drought not only affects plant growth and physiological activity, but this stress also induces biochemical and molecular changes in the cellular gene expression profile. triggering genes that play a direct role in plant protection and gene regulation. The genes involved in regulation include C-repeat Binding Factors/Dehydration responsive element binding (CBF/DREB) transcription factors, which increase cold, drought and salt tolerance in different plant species. The aim of this research was to evaluate whether the overexpression of the ScCBF1 gene from Solanum commersonii enhances drought stress tolerance in...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: CBF gene; Drought stress; In vitro; Potato; Solanum commersonii; Solanum tuberosum.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000100015

Effect of fire on herbaceous "matorral" vegetation of Central Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Sabadin,Patricia; Gómez,Miguel; Ginocchio,Rosanna; Peña,Iván; Mujica,Ana María; Montenegro,Gloria.
This research aimed to determine the diversity and biomass of species in burned in the Jardín Botánico Nacional of Viña del Mar (JBN), region of Valparaíso, Chile (Lat. S 33° 02&amp;#8217; and Long. 71° 35&amp;#8217; O) from April to December 2012. Three sites were selected that were located on slopes with the same exposure: 1) site burned by fire in 2012, 2) site burned by fire in 2003, and 3) control site corresponding to an area without previous fires. Both shrub and herbaceous species were studied. The cover of shrubs, geophytes and therophytes was determined as well as the aboveground and belowground biomass of geophytes, with special attention paid to Oziroe arida. When O. arida was present, the diameter of its bulbs were studied. All information was...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Aboveground biomass; Belowground biomass; Cover; Fires; Geophytes; Oziroe arida; Shrub species; Therophytes.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202015000300010

Estimation of leaf area in pecan cultivars (Carya illinoinensis)
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Torri,Silvana Irene; Descalzi,Carla; Frusso,Enrique.
S.L Torri , C. Descalzi, and E. Frusso. 2009. Estimation of leaf area in pecan cultivars (Carya illinoinensis). Cien. Inv. Agr. 36(1): 53-58. Nondestructive and mathematical approaches of modeling can be very convenient and useful for plant growth estimation. The objective of this research was to develop a simple, accurate and nondestructive predictive model for leaf area (LA) estimation in different pecan cultivars (Carya illinoinensis) commonly found in Argentina. Linear and exponential regression equations were fitted and evaluated for pecan cultivars 'Desirable', 'Harry Super', 'Kernodle', 'Mahan', 'Mahan-Stuart', 'Shoshoni', 'Stuart' and 'Success' (grafted on seedling pecan rootstocks, 24 years old, planted at 15 x 15 m) using length (L) and width (W)...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Carya illinoinensis; Leaf area; Leaf length; Leaf width; Model; Pecan.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202009000100004

Spatial variability of an Alfisol cultivated with sugarcane
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Silva Cruz,Joedna; de Assis Júnior,Raimundo Nonato; Rocha Matias,Sammy Sidney; Camacho-Tamayo,Jesús Hernán.
Soil variability occurs due to natural and anthropogenic factors acting at various spatial and temporal scales. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the spatial variability as well as the relation of some chemical attributes using different statistical techniques. The study was conducted in the municipality of Maracanaú (CE, Brazil) in the commercial area of sugar cane in a typic Hapludalf. Soils were sampled in a 100 x 100 m grid every 10 m and at a depth between 0 and 20 cm for determination of exchangeable acidity, pH (KCl), Ca, Na, K, Mg, P, N, sum of bases, cationic exchange capacity, base saturation and organic matter. Data were subjected to analysis of descriptive statistics, multivariate analysis and geostatistics. Attributes showed low and...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Geostatistics; Principal components; Cluster analysis.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202011000100015

A comparative cost analysis for using compost derived from anaerobic digestion as a peat substitute in a commercial plant nursery
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Restrepo,Adriana P; García García,José; Moral,Raúl; Vidal,Fernando; Pérez-Murcia,María D; Bustamante,María Á; Paredes,Concepción.
A.P. Restrepo, J. Garcia-Garcia, R. Moral, F. Vidal, M.D. Pérez-Murcia, M.A. Bustamante, and C. Paredes. 2013. A comparative cost analysis for using compost derived from anaerobic digestion as a peat substitute in a commercial plant nursery. Cien. Inv. Agr. 40(2): 253-264. The aim of this study was to evaluate the economic feasibility of using compost made from anaerobically digested cattle slurries in a commercial nursery. Using a comparative cost analysis, commercial peat substrate growing media has been partially substituted with increasing proportions of compost (25, 50 and 75% v/v of compost). This experiment was intended to establish the conditions under which the use of these composts is feasible and competitive relative to commercial peat, at both...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Anaerobic digestion; Costs; Economics; Growing media; Peat; Seedling production.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000200002

Heterogeneous genetic structure in a natural population of Raulí (Nothofagus nervosa)
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Carrasco,Basilio; Eaton,Lafayette; Letelier,Luis; Díaz,Carole; García-Gonzáles,Rolando.
Heterozygote deficiencies in natural populations of outbreeding tree species are common and thought to be due mainly to biparental inbreeding. Inbreeding is believed to be caused by family structure within populations, a product of limited seed dispersal and probably limited pollen dispersal. Although both theory and simulation studies predict that structure should be apparent where trees are isolated by distance, most studies of structure in natural populations have detected only a weak spatial genetic structuring. In this contribution, we compare the use of spatial autocorrelation methodology and F statistics with the concept of relatedness to examine the spatial genetic structure in the natural population of a native southern beech and to explore the...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Genetic structure; Spatial structure; Raulí; Spatial autocorrelation.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202011000300014

Response of wheat seeds to zinc application during storage
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Lemes,Elisa S; Tunes,Lilian M. de; Almeida,Andreia da S; Meneghello,Geri E; Oliveira,Sandro de; Muniz,Marlove F. B.
Seed coating is among the most potentially beneficial treatments to enhance seed performance, contributing to the improvement of crop stands due to its role in improved seedling development. Thus, micronutrients such as zinc exhibit potential for use in seed coatings. The objective of this research is to evaluate the effect of coating wheat seeds with zinc sulfate on traits that are related to seed quality during storage and nutrition efficiency during seedling growth. The levels of ZnSO4 used were 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 mL kg-1 seed. After 0,3 and 6 months of storage, the germination percentage, mean root length, root dry mass, seedling emergence, nutritional efficiency (absorption, transport and use) and zinc content in the seeds were evaluated. Seed coating...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Seed vigor; Triticum aestivum L; Zinc coating.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202015000100011

Spatial patterns over a 24-year period show an increase in native vegetation cover and decreased fragmentation in Andean temperate landscapes, Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Petitpas,Robert; Ibarra,José Tomás; Miranda,Marcelo; Bonacic,Cristián.
R. Petitpas, J.T. Ibarra, M. Miranda, and C. Bonacic. 2016. Spatial patterns in a 24-year period show a case of increase forest cover and decrease fragmentation in Andean temperate landscapes, Chile. Cien. Inv. Agr. 43(3):384-395. Changes in landscape pattern were studied in a temperate landscape of the La Araucanía Region, Chile. Using aerial photographs from 1983 and 2007, we created land use/land cover maps. We then quantified the changes in composition and configuration by using landscape metrics and an adjacency matrix. By 2007, the dominant land cover had changed from agriculture to native vegetation. Residential areas showed the largest relative increase (670%) and had significant adjacency with native vegetation. The native vegetation increased by...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Fragmentation; Landscape change; Native vegetation recovery; Temperate forest.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202016000300004

Sustainable Agriculture: Unifying Concepts
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Gastó,Juan; Vera,Leonardo; Vieli,Lorena; Montalba,Rene.
This work is the product of a long process that tried to approximate the principia involved in sustainable agriculture in an attempt to analyze it. We believe that these principia are crucial for the systematic, rigorous, and consistent development of sustainable agriculture. The unifying concepts of agriculture sustainability are classified into seven fundamental principies: (i) there is a hierarchy in decision-making with respect to human actions on the landscape and environment; (ii) human impact on the land should be analyzed from different perspectives (local, global, anthropocentric, and ecocentric); (iii) the carrying capacity in an agrarian context is crucial to ecosystem management and design; (iv) humans arrange nature with little consideration...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Cultural landscape; Nature; Territory; Sustainability.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202009000100001

Fusarium crown rot disease: biology, interactions, management and function as a possible sensor of global climate change
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Moya-Elizondo,Ernesto A.
E.A. Moya-Elizondo. 2013. Fusarium crown rot disease: biology, interactions, management and function as a possible sensor of global climate change. Cien. Inv. Agr. 40(2):235-252. Wheat crops are commonly affected by the dryland root rot complex (DLRRC) under dry and semiarid conditions. This complex is associated with seedling blight, and rotting of roots, crowns and stems of wheat plants. Several pathogens are associated with this complex, but Fusarium crown rot disease (FCR) is the most common and is of worldwide importance. Increased drought frequency and changes in rainfall regimes associated with global climate change may increase the prevalence of this complex of diseases, especially of FCR, in wheat crop areas. This review discusses the...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Fusarium crown rot; Wheat; Climatic change.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000200001

Inbreeding depression and genetic components for popping expansion and other traits in Brazilian populations of popcorn
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Arnhold,Emmanuel; Soriano Viana,José Marcelo; Mora,Freddy; Vieira Miranda,Glauco; Gonçalves Silva,Ricardo.
The aim of the study was to assess inbreeding depression and determine genetic components in landrace populations of popcorn. Six Brazilian popcorn landraces: Amarelo, Beija-Flor, Branco, Rosa-claro, Roxo and Viçosa, were subjected to self-pollination. Experiments with SO populations and their selfing populations (SI) were conducted in a randomized complete block design. The estimates of inbreeding depression varied from 1.2% (popping expansion) to 79% (grain yield). The gene action was predominantly additive for plant height, ear height and hundred-grain-weight. The dominance genetic effects were important for index of prolificacy and grain yield. The genetic effect of popping expansion was bidirectional with nuil dominance and a predominance of additive...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Zea mays L; Mprovement; Popping expansion; Popcorn; Genetic variance.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202010000300011

Nitrogen and potassium in production, nutrition and water use efficiency in wheat plants
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Carvalho,Janaina M. G; Bonfim-Silva,Edna M; Araújo da Silva,Tonny J.; Sousa,Helon H.F; Guimarães,Salomão L; Pacheco,Adriano B.
J. M. G. Carvalho, E.M. Bonfim-Silva, T.J.A. Silva, Helon H.F. Sousa, S.L. Guimarães, and A.B. Pacheco. 2016. Nitrogen and potassium in production, nutrition and water use efficiency in wheat plants. Cien. Inv. Agr. 43(3):442-451. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a cereal used in food and feed for its nutritional properties. For nitrogen and potassium management, efficient use of water is required for greater availability and transportation of these nutrients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of combinations of nitrogen and potassium doses in production, nutrition and water use efficiency in wheat. The experiment was held in a greenhouse with 8-dm³ pots using Oxisol collected at a depth of 0-0.2 m under Cerrado vegetation. Base...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Nitrogen potassium ratio; Production characteristics; Triticum aestivum.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202016000300010

Diversity and distribution of the Aegorhinus genus in the La Araucanía Region of Chile, with special reference to A. superciliosus and A.nodipennis
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Zavala,Andrea; Elgueta,Mario; Abarzúa,Juan; Aguilera,Alfonso; Quiroz,Andrés; Rebolledo,Ramón.
The Araucanía region is a berry producing area where important behavioral aspects of species in the genus Aegorhinus, a pest that affects crops, are still unknown. The objectives of this study were to determine the distribution, abundance and richness of these species in agroecological zones of La Araucanía Region and to determine the hosts in which they were found. The sites where these species were found were represented on a map divided into grids of 25 x 25 km. Eight species of Aegorhinus were found in the area, and Aegorhinus nodipennis and Aegorhinus superciliosus were the most abundant. The diversity was analyzed using the Shannon-Wiener index, and the equitability was determined using the Pielou index. The agroecological zone with the greatest...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Aegorhinus; Agroecological zones; Coleoptera; Hosts.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202011000300006

Vinification and Enology, Based on Competencies
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Fredes Monsalve,Claudio.
Tipo: Journal article
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202010000200015

Movement between crops and weeds: temporal refuges for aphidophagous insects in Central Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Villegas,Cinthya M; Verdugo,Jaime A; Grez,Audrey A; Tapia,Jaime; Lavandero,Blas.
C.M. Villegas, J.A. Verdugo, A.A. Grez, J. Tapia, and B. Lavandero. 2013. Movement between crops and weeds: temporal refuges for aphidophagous insects in Central Chile. Cien. Inv. Agr. 40(2): 317-326. Crop edges have significant effects on populations of natural enemies, acting as source or sink habitats during the growing season. Previous observations have shown that coccinellid species are associated with thistle (Sylibum marianum (L.) Gaertn), a common exotic weed in the central valley of Chile. To determine whether thistles growing at crop edges act as a putative refuge for natural enemies, the seasonal relative abundance of aphidophagous coccinellids was estimated at 0, 10 and 25 m from the edges of three alfalfa fields. Mark-recapture studies were...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Alfalfa; Coccinellids; Refuges; Rubidium; Thistle.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000200007

New records and additions to the Chilean bryophyte flora
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Cuvertino,Jorge; Ardiles,Víctor; Osorio,Felipe; Romero,Ximena.
Bryological knowledge in Chile is incomplete. With the aim of making a contribution to a better understanding of the geographic distribution of these species and encourage bryological studies and the conservation of these plants in the country, the results of floristic investigations are presented. Nineteen national, regional and provincial records for 17 species of bryophytes are provided based on revision of specimens and overlooked literature. The ranges of six species are expanded. In addition, the site of the original collection of one taxon (Barbula austrogracilis Dus.) is corrected, and a second specimen is verified.
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Bryophytes; Chile; Chilean flora.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000200001

Influence of dry leaves of common tree and shrub species from southern Chile on the growth of lettuce infected with Meloidogyne hapla
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Arismendi,Nolberto; Böhm,Laura.
Extracts of many plant species have shown nematicide activity attributable to phytochemicals present in their tissues or formed during a degradation process. Nevertheless, before the application of plant compounds in the field, it is necessary to know their effect on plant hosts. Three concentrations (1, 2.5 and 5% w/w) of dry leaves of Buddleja globosa, Drymis winteri, Eucalyptus globulus, Gevuina avellana, Laurelia sempervirens and Ugni molinae were evaluated on growth parameters (plant height, root length and leaf dry matter) in plants of Lactuca sativa infested with Meloidogyne hapla. Lettuce growth parameters were significantly affected by the interaction between the species and dry leaf tissues concentrations. Drymis winteri showed the biggest...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Forestry species; Lactuca sativa; Meloidogyne hapla; Organic amendment; Root-knot nematodes.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202011000100007

The identification of outstanding potato cultivars using multivariate methods
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Pérez,Delfina de J; González,Andrés; Sahagún,Jaime; Vázquez,Luis M; Rivera,Antonio; Franco,Omar; Domínguez,Aurelio.
The evaluation and selection of potato (Solanum tuberosum) cultivars for commercial production in the high valleys of Mexico are important for plant breeding, seed production, and the generation of technology. In this work, ten potato cultivars from five different environments in México were evaluated to determine the proportion of genetic variation contained within each. The potatoes were sown in a completely randomized complete block design. Heritability was determined to be between 53% and 83%, suggesting that there is genetic variability among the potato cultivars that might be agronomically important. According to the additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) model, the highest tuber yields were obtained at the locality named...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: AMMI model; Cluster analysis; Principal component analysis; Solanum tuberosum.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202009000300006

Factors that affect fruit consumption in schools of the Metropolitan Region (Chile): The case of two schools in the district of Lo Prado
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Beaujanot,Andre; Donoso,Guillermo; del Valle,Andrea.
This research identifies the influence of environmental, social and consumer habits on decision making of children's fruit consumption. The characteristics that influence children's fruit consumption in school and their willingness to change these consumption behaviors are also studied. The study is performed on 5th and 8th grade students who attend public and private elementary schools in the municipality of Lo Prado, Santiago. The level of fruit consumption significantly depends on the family and school support that children receive. Statements such as: "Fruits are good for my health" and "Fruits are rich in vitamins" are very important for parents and children who attend private and public schools. From a strategic point of view, this research concludes...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Determinants of fruit consumption among children; Children's eating habits; Children's fruit and vegetable intake.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000100002

Vegetative growth of two mulberry species (Morus multicaulis and M. alba) under greenhouse and field conditions
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Johnston,Myrna; Olivares,Alfredo; Bustos,Yoespi.
Morus alba and Morus multicaulis, common ornamental species in Chile, were studied regarding their growth and dry matter production. In Santiago (Metropolitan Region), plants from vegetative propagation, one part growing under field conditions and the other in a plastic greenhouse were used; both with similar soil, water availability and cutting system (0.20 and 0.40 m). Periodically, four shoots per selected plant were measured for length, number of leaves and dry weight. Previously, a correlation between dry matter and foliar size (length, width, area) of each species was established to estimate the latter. Correlation coefficients obtained had a R² higher than 0.60 whereas the length and width used to estimate foliar area had an R² of 0.96 to M....
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Morus multicaulis; M. alba; Mulberries; Temperature regimes; Greenhouse; Vegetative growth.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202011000100004

Methods of performance evaluation for the supervised classification of satellite imagery in determining land cover classes
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Souza,Carlos H. Wachholz de; Mercante,Erivelto; Prudente,Victor H. R.; Justina,Diego D.D.
C.H.W Souza, E. Mercante, V.H.R. Prudente and D.D.D. Justina. 2013. Methods of performance evaluation for the supervised classification of satellite imagery in determining land cover classes. Cien. Inv. Agr. 40(2): 419-428. Satellite imagery, in combination with remote sensing techniques, provides a new opportunity for monitoring and assessing crops with lower cost and greater objectivity than traditional surveys. The present research employed Landsat 5/TM satellite imagery to identify the land cover classes in Cafelândia (Paraná, Brasil), a predominantly agricultural town. Five supervised classification methods (parallelepiped (PL), minimum distance (MND), Mahalanobis distance (MHD), maximum likelihood classifier (MLC) and spectral angle mapper (SAM))...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Accuracy indices; Agricultural landscape; Classifiers; Remote sensing.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000200016

Usefulness of near infrared reflectance (NIR) spectroscopy and chemometrics to discriminate between fishmeal, meat meal and soya meal samples
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Cozzolino,Daniel; Restaino,Ernesto; La Manna,Alejandro; Fernandez,Enrique; Fassio,Alberto.
Near infrared reflectance (NIR) spectroscopy was used in combination with chemometrics to discriminate between fishmeal, meat meal and soya meal samples. Samples were obtained from commercial feed miles and scanned in the NIR region (1100 - 2500 nm) in a monochromatic instrument in reflectance mode. Principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis were used to classify samples based on their NIR spectra. Full cross-validation was used in the development of classification models. Partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) correctly classified 85.7% of the fishmeal samples and 100% of the meat meal and soya meal samples. These results demonstrate the usefulness of NIR spectra combined with chemometrics as an objective and rapid...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Fishmeal; Glycine max; Meat meal; Near infrared; Principal component analysis; Spectroscopy; Soya meal.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202009000200005

Efecto de la propagación asexual y prolongación del período vegetativo de Morus alba en la producción de capullos de seda
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Pelicano,Alicia; Divo de Sesar,Marta; Zamuner,Norma; Danelón,José Luis; Yoshida,Miriam.
El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar un protocolo eficiente para la propagación vegetativa de la morera {Morus alba). Al mismo tiempo tuvo el propósito de evaluar la influencia de este protocolo de propagación en la alimentación de las larvas de Bombyx mor i y en el porcentaje de seda cruda producido. Plantas de morera, propagadas vegetativamente, fueron transplantadas a macetas de 4 L, tratadas con N:P:K (15:15:15, 15 g) (F) y/o 6-bencilaminopurina (5 mg-L -1) (Ck). En otoño y primavera, se utilizaron hojas para la alimentación de una cohorte de larvas de tercer estadio. Se observó que el 60% de las plantas tratadas con Ck brotaron en julio y las restantes lo hicieron en agosto. Aunque las plantas fertilizadas (TF) y fertilizadas y tratadas con...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Bombyx morí; Citoquinina; Morus alba.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202007000200001

Effect of organic and mineral amendments upon soil respiration and microbial biomass in a saline-sodic soil
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Celis,José E; Sandoval,Marco; Martínez,Bárbara; Quezada,Celerino.
J.E. Celis, M. Sandoval, B. Martínez, and C. Quezada. 2013. Effect of organic and mineral amendments upon soil respiration and microbial biomass in a saline-sodic soil. Cien. Inv. Agr. 40(3): 571-580. An understanding of soil carbon stocks and fluxes in saline-sodic soils is becoming critical in environmental management because salinity and sodicity are predicted to increase worldwide. The effects of amendment with sewage sludge (SW), mined gypsum (MG) and synthetic gypsum (SG) on the soil respiration rate and soil (S) microbial biomass (SMB) of a saline-sodic soil were assessed in vitro over 60 days under controlled conditions. The treatments were: T1 = S + MG (7 t ha-1); T2 = S + MG (7 t ha-1) + SW (90 t ha-1); T3 = S + SG (7 t ha-1); T4 = S + SG (7 t...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Arid soil; Biological activity; Gypsum; Organic matter; Sewage sludge; Soil respiration.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000300010

Extracción de pectina a partir de manzana (Malus pumila), cv. Pink Lady
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Loyola,Nelson; Pavéz,Paula; Lillo,Sergio.
The present study extracted pectin from Pink Lady apples (Malus pumila), which present at physiological maturity an average 50% of red-color coverage, to assess whether this variety is characterized by a high (HM) or low methoxyl value (LM). The raw materials were obtained from the Marengo farm, Los Niches, Curicó province, in the south-central region of Chile. Acid hydrolysis was used and the material was then subjected to sensory analysis, evaluating the organoleptic characteristics of pectin. The pectin was extracted with citric acid, which was tested under three pH conditions (2.5, 3.0 and 3.5, the latter corresponding to the natural pH of apples) for 60 and 90 min and subjected to a constant temperature of 90 °C. The degree of esterification (DE) of...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Apple; Pectin; Esterification; Sensory analysis.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202011000300012

Wind-induced leaning (toppling) in young Pinus radiata plantations in Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Toral,Manuel; Bown,Horacio E; Mañon,Alejandro; Alvarez,José; Navarro-Cerrillo,Rafael.
The toppling of young trees considerably reduces the value of the first log in Pinus radiata plantations. Although wind is the main cause of toppling, the quality and type of plants, planting techniques, soil fertility and soil preparation may play an important role in the susceptibility of the species to toppling. This article analyzes the influence of ripping and soil type on the probability of P radiata toppling after severe windstorms in central south Chile. To this aim, pairs of similar trees with and without toppling were selected in 2001 in six soil types with and without soil ripping. Root system differences in toppled versus straight trees were compared to gain better insight into the causes of the phenomenon. Among all root measurements, the...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Ripping; Soil fertility; Tap root; Toppling.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202011000300010

Chemical composition of corn and sorghum grains cultivated in Oxisol with different application methods and doses of zinc
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Puga,Aline P; de Mello Prado,Renato; Mattiuz,Ben-Hur; Wyllyam do Vale,Diego; Fonseca,Ivana M.
In general, tropical soils present low concentrations of zinc (Zn), and the deficiency of Zn is recognized as a world nutritional problem for cereal production and human beings. Therefore, the main goal of this study was to assess the effects of different methods of Zn application on the quality of corn and sorghum grains grown in Oxisol. Two experiments were set up in the experimental area of UNESP (campus of Jaboticabal, Brazil). The following nine treatments were applied: three doses of Zn by banded application (seed furrows), three doses of Zn by incorporation into soil (0-20 cm depth), foliar application, seed application, and control (no Zn applied). The treatments were arranged in randomized blocks with four replicates. The contents of Zn,...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Carbohydrate; Protein; Sorghum bicolor; Zea mays L; Zn.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000100008

Soil respiration across a disturbance gradient in sclerophyllous ecosystems in Central Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Bown,Horacio E; Fuentes,Juan-Pablo; Perez-Quezada,Jorge F; Franck,Nicolás.
Sclerophyllous shrubs and forests are predominant in semiarid Central Chile and have a long history of degradation by fire, cultivation, firewood extraction and grazing. The aim of this study was to compare the amount and environmental drivers of soil respiration across a disturbance gradient in sclerophyllous ecosystems in the National Reserve Roblería del Cobre de Loncha in Central Chile. In a north-facing toe slope, four disturbance conditions were identified: slightly (D1) and moderately disturbed (D2) sclerophyllous forest, (D3) strongly disturbed thorn scrub and (D4) most disturbed A. caven savanna. Twelve 25×25-m plots (625 m²) were distributed equally across D1, D2, D3 and D4. Soil respiration (Rs), soil temperature (Ts), volumetric water content...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Acacia caven savanna; Disturbance gradient; Sclerophyllous forest; Soil respiration; Thorn scrub.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202014000100009

Effects of fruiting spur thinning on fruit quality and vegetative growth of sweet cherry (Prunus avium)
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Ayala,Marlene; Andrade,María P.
High density sweet cherry (Prunus avium) orchards using highly productive cultivars and dwarfing rootstocks usually require crop load regulation to achieve high quality fruit. Among the strategies used to reduce crop load in highly productive combinations, fruiting spur thinning (FST, spur extinction) before budbreak has been suggested to be an effective way to improve fruit size. Currently, there is little information about the effect of spur thinning on sweet cherry orchards using self-fertile cultivars grafted on vigorous rootstocks. For this reason, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of manual FST on fruit quality and vegetative growth of the cultivar 'Lapins' grafted on the rootstock 'Mazzard F-12/L with 0, 50 and 75% spur...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Crop load regulation; Fruit growth; Fruit quality; Leaf area; Leaf to fruit ratio; Prunus avium; Shoot growth; Spur extinction.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202009000300011

Aceptación diferenciada de alimentos transgénicos de origen vegetal y animal en la Región de La Araucanía, Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Schnettler,Berta; Sepúlveda,Oriana; Ruiz,Danilo.
Sobre la base del debate generado por los alimentos genéticamente modificados, particularmente respecto de los alimentos transgénicos (AT), en los países desarrollados, se determinó la importancia de esta variable en la compra de leche líquida y salsa de tomate en consumidores de Temuco (Región de La Araucanía, Chile) y la existencia de diferentes segmentos de mercado, mediante una encuesta a 400 personas. Utilizando análisis conjunto se determinó que la existencia de modificación genética (MG) fue más importante que la marca y el precio en ambos alimentos. Mediante análisis de conglomerados se distinguieron cinco Grupos, dos de ellos con el 46,8 y 18,8% del total de encuestados. Estos dos Grupos mas numerosos dieron importancia a la existencia de MG, pero...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Alimentos genéticamente modificados; Alimentos transgénicos; Análisis de conjunto; Análisis de conglomerados; Ingeniería genética; Mercadeo.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202008000200006

Inclusion of various controlled release fertilizers in moss substrates(Sphagnum magellanicum)
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Oberpaur,Christel; Fernández,Carolina; Délano,Guillermo; Arévalo,M.Eugenia.
The most frequently used substrate for the production of covered root seedlings is peat, the extraction of which is under scrutiny due to its negative environmental impact; however, the use of Sphagnum moss in adequate mixtures constitutes a possible alternative. Lettuce seeds (Lactuca sativa L.) were sown in Polystyrene trays (240 alveoli, 24 cm³) to test four substrates, 50% Sphagnum moss mixed with 50% humus or compost and 60% Sphagnum moss with 40% humus or compost, and commercial peat was used as a control. A dose (2.5 or 3.5 gL-1) of controlled-release fertilizer (CRF) was added to all substrates except for the control mix, and the substrates were subsequently irrigated with or without a fertilizer solution. The study was conducted under shaded...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Compost; Humus; Lettuce; Slow release fertilizer; Sphagnum moss.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000300004

Responses of young Punica granatum plants under four different water regimes
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Bugueño,Felipe; Livellara,Nieggiorba; Varas,Fernando; Undurraga,Pedro; Castro,Mónica; Salgado,Eduardo.
We studied the effect of four irrigation treatments, expressed as fractions (1.3, 1.0, 0.7 and 0.3) of crop evapotranspiration (ETc), on the growth of young pomegranate plants in central Chile (32°32&amp;#8217; S and 71°06&amp;#8217; W). We evaluated the effect of the four treatments on canopy volume (CV) during two growing seasons. For 28 days during the second growing season, we evaluated soil moisture content (0), the soil-moisture depletion factor (p), trunk cumulative growth (TCG), trunk growth rate (TGR) and maximum daily trunk shrinkage (MDS). We found relationships between CV and TCG and between CV and TGR. There were no differences in MDS among the irrigation treatments. We observed significant water stress in plants in the 0.3 ETc treatment (p =...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Dendrometer; Depletion fraction (p); Canopy volume (CV); Maximum daily trunk shrinkage (MDS); Trunk diameter; Trunk growth rate (TGR); Water stress.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202016000100005

Growth modeling of castrated Brahman males raised in tropical conditions and born in different seasons
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Miguel,José A; Melendez,Sandy J; Asenjo,Begoña; Bonilla,Luis M; Ciria,Jesús.
In this paper, parameters that describe growth, as a function of the season in which they were born (dry or rainy), are presented for males of the for males of the Brahman breed that were castrated at birth and raised in their native environment in the intense system of the Llano Venezolano. Data are presented for 1,478 Brahman males that were castrated at birth. Of these, 750 were born in the months of June and July (the rainy season) and 728 were born in January and February (the dry season). The animals born during the dry season were heavier up until the beginning of the fattening period; after weaning, the greatest average daily weight gain coincided in both groups during rainy periods when the pasture production was greater. When comparing the...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Bertalanffy model; Brahman cattle; Brody model; Gompertz model; Growth curves; Logistic model; Richards model.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000200004

Characterization of maize populations in different environmental conditions by means of Three-Mode Principal Components Analysis
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Marticorena,Marta; Bramardi,Sergio; Defacio,Raquel.
Characterization of 31 native populations of maize conserved at the germplasm bank of the PNLA Pergamino Experimental Station, Argentina, was achieved by evaluating 10 quantitative attributes in two different environmental situations. The experimental design generated three-way or three-mode data, repeated observations of a set of attributes for a set of individuals in different conditions. The information was displayed in a three-dimensional array, and the structure of the data was explored using Three-Mode Principal Component Analysis, the Tucker-2 Model. A group of populations was identified that displayed homogeneous behavior in the two environments with respect to the following traits: ear length, prolificacy, grains per meter, yield and 1000 kernel...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Germplasm Bank; Genotype-environment interaction; Tucker-2 Model.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202010000300008

Different alternatives for producing sprouts of avocado (Persea americana) rootstocks
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Castro,Mónica; Fassio,Claudia; Darrouy,Nicole; Aedo,Marcela; Jorquera,Lorena.
In Chile, most avocado orchards have been planted using 'Hass' as the scion variety on seedling rootstocks. This has led to the presence of a large variety of individuals, some of which show, among other characteristics, high productivity and a low degree of biennial bearing cycle in the same growing conditions. The most common method used in other countries to propagate such rootstocks from trees involves severe topping; however, this technique is notably destructive, making it difficult to employ in commercial orchards. With the goal of developing alternate methods for forcing shoot production from the rootstock, we tested two different procedures in July 2002 and March 2003, respectively: wounding in conjunction with the application of 1.1 M or 2.2 M...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Avocado; Basal sprout; Cloning; Cytokinin; Epicormic sprout; Girdling; Rootstock.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202011000200007

Effect of methyl jasmonate treatments on the bioactive compounds and physicochemical quality of 'Fuji' apples
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Öztürk,Burhan; Altuntas,Ebubekir; Yildiz,Kenan; Ozkan,Yakup; Saracoglu,Onur.
Recently, plant growth regulators have been used for various purposes in apples. Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) has significant effects on the physiology, postharvest biology, processing, and chemical composition of apples. In the present study, the effects of MeJAMeJa treatments on the physicochemical quality and bioactive compounds (total antioxidant activity, total phenolics, and total anthocyanins) of 'Fuji' apples were investigated. The following doses of MeJa were used: 0 (control); 1; 120; 2,240; and 4,480 mg L-1. The highest geometric mean diameter, fruit mass, flesh firmness and skin thickness were obtained from the 2,240 mg L-1 MeJA treatment. Fruits harvested from control trees exhibited the highest total soluble solids content (TSSC) and pH, whereas...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Apple; Antioxidant; Color; Firmness; Methyl jasmonate; Phenolics.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000100018

Establishing Acacia salicina under dry Mediterranean conditions: The effects of nursery fertilization and tree shelters on a mid-term experiment with saline irrigation
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Oliet,Juan A; Planelles,Rosa; Artero,Francisco; Domingo-Santos,Juan M.
The restoration of dry lands in the Mediterranean is a challenging task because harsh abiotic conditions hamper the counteraction of feed-back degradation processes. Active restoration through planting must be performed to deter this process. In this study, we tested the influence of mineral nutrition in the nursery (two formulations of controlled release fertilizer at two rates each) and tree protection after planting (by using tube shelters) on the nine-year performance of Acacia salicina irrigated with low-quality (saline) water. The overall survival at the end of the study period was 58.2%, with the electrical conductivity of the soil saturation extract reaching 5.4 dSm-1 after nine years. The survival and growth (in height) were greater for seedlings...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Plantation; Restoration; Seedling nutrition; Seedling quality; Tube shelters.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202016000100007

Heredabilidad de la sobrevivencia en 169 familias de maíz-roseta de granos blancos: Un enfoque Bayesiano
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Rodovalho,Marcos de Araújo; Mora,Freddy; Santos,Elisangela Mendes dos; Scapim,Carlos Alberto; Arnhold,Emmanuel.
Durante la evaluación genética de 169 familias de medios hermanos de maíz-roseta de granos blancos (Zea mays), en el inicio de un programa de mejoramiento genético (Ciclo I) conducido en el sur de Brasil, se detectaron diferencias significativas (p &lt; 0,01) en la sobrevivencia. Consecuentemente, la sobrevivencia se incorporó dentro del programa de mejoramiento. El objetivo principal de este estudio fue examinar parámetros genéticos para la sobrevivencia, y su asociación con otras características agronómicas. Para cumplir con este objetivo se usó un enfoque Bayesiano, vía el algoritmo de Gibbs (para selección de plantas individuales) y algoritmo de cadenas independientes (para la selección de familias). La sobrevivencia (medida como una característica...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Algoritmo de Gibbs; Cadenas independientes; Maíz-roseta de granos blancos; Sobrevivencia; Valores genéticos; Zea mays.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202008000300008

USLE/RUSLE K-factors allocated through a linear mixed model for Uruguayan soils
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Beretta-Blanco,Andrés; Carrasco-Letelier,Leonidas.
Soil erosion by rainfall is a process that demands management, both for the prevention of excessive soil erosion and for the protection of the quality of freshwater bodies. Erosion coefficients (K-factors) of the universal soil loss equation (USLE)/revised USLE (RUSLE) model were assigned to 99 mapped Uruguayan soil types at 1:1,000,000 scale. This work developed a linear mixed model (LMM) with 79 soils with assigned K-factors, in which the following variables were considered: soil taxonomy, chemical composition, and parent material. The developed LMM had an R²=0.86, in which the soil taxonomy (p&lt;0.0001), parent material (p=0.0174), clay (p=0.0005) and sand (p=0.017) contents had significant statistical effects. The prediction capacity of this model was...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Soil classification; Parent material; Soil texture; Soil chemistry.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202017000100011

Barley Types and Varieties in Spain: Un panorama histórico
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Martínez-Moreno,Fernando; Igartua,Ernesto; Solís,Ignacio.
Barley is currently the most cultivated crop in Spain, with an acreage of about three million ha. Its importance stems from its adaptation to areas with poor soil conditions and water stress. The aim of this work is to describe the historical evolution of barley types and varieties of barley grown by farmers in Spain. A historical review was performed by consulting articles and books on the history, archaeology, and agronomy related to the issue. Different web sites and articles about the current varietal state of barley in Spain were also consulted. Another important information source was the CRF (Centro de Recursos Fitogenéticos, Spanish Center of Plant Genetic Resources) of Spain, where a large collection of landraces is preserved. The first barleys...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Barley; Landraces; Plant genetic resources; Varieties; Plant breeding; Cebada; Mejora vegetal; Recursos fitogenéticos; Variedades; Variedades locales.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202017000100002

Chlorophyll fluorescence response of Pinus radiata clones to nitrogen and phosphorus supply
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Bown,Horacio E; Mason,Euan G; Clinton,Peter W; Watt,Michael S.
Chlorophyll fluorescence responses to a factorial combination of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) supply were measured in five clones of Pinus radiata cultivated in a greenhouse over twenty-four months. Chlorophyll fluorescence measurements were taken at months six (5 clones, 182 plants), nine (2 clones, 68 plants) and eighteen (2 clones, 48 plants). Plant growth in stem diameter, height, leaf area, fascicle mass, length and diameter were found to significantly increase with N and, to a lesser extent, P additions; and these values were greatest when both N and P were combined. Plant growth and fascicle size also varied significantly across clones and were generally consistent with the genotypic growth responses that were observed in the field. Dark (Fv /...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Chlorophyll fluorescence; Quantum efficiency of PSII; Electron transport; Genotype; Nutrient limitation.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202009000300012

Predicción del efecto de cultivares de algodón en la presencia de interacción genotipo-ambiente
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Mora,Freddy; Osmério,Pupim-Junior; Scapim,Carlos Alberto.
Se analizó la predicción del efecto de cultivar vía mejor predicción lineal no sesgada (BLUP), de 14 cultivares de algodón (Gossypium hirsutum) establecidos en diferentes localidades de Brasil y Paraguay, en la temporada 2003-2004. BLUP, del rendimiento de cultivares, se comparó con el análisis clásico de estabilidad de los modelos desarrollados por Plaisted y Peterson, Wricke, Annicchiarico y Lin y Binns. Un abordaje Bayesiano a través del algoritmo de cadena independiente (IC), se utilizó como otra medida de comparación. La razón de verosimilitud evidenció diferencias significativas para los efectos de cultivar e interacción genotipo-ambiente. Los criterios de información de Akaike y Bayesiano confirmaron estos resultados. La mayoría de las correlaciones...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: BLUP; Estabilidad de cultivares; Interacción genotipo-ambiente; Mejoramiento; Modelos mixtos; Verosimilitud.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202007000100002

Effects of egg shell color and storage duration on the external and internal egg quality traits of ATAK-S layer hybrids
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: &amp;#350;ekero&amp;#287;lu,Ahmet; Gök,Hamdiye; Duman,Mustafa.
The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of storage duration and egg shell color on external and internal egg quality traits. Eggs were obtained from 29-week--old ATAK-S layer hybrids reared in a traditional cage system. Storage durations were set as 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. Shell color was classified as dark (59.00-67.99); moderate (68.00-70.99) and light (71.00-79.99) using the &amp;#916;&amp;#917; values of the eggs. The storage duration significantly affected the egg weight (P&amp;#8804;0.01), specific gravity (P&amp;#8804;0.01), breaking strength (P&amp;#8804;0.01), shell thickness (P&amp;#8804;0.01), shell weight (P&amp;#8804;0.01), surface area (P&amp;#8804;0.01), albumen index (P&amp;#8804;0.01), yolk index (P&amp;#8804;0.01),...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: ATAK-S; Brown egg; Hen; Poultry; Quality characteristics.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202016000200015

Control of Cladosporium echinulatum in carnation using bicarbonates and Trichoderma
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Sandoval,Claudio; Terreros,Valeria; Schiappacasse,Flavia.
Carnations, Dianthus caryophyllus, have been cultivated in Chile for several decades as a cut flower crop. At the present time, floriculture occupies 2,124 ha, of which 180 ha are devoted to carnations. Almost all carnations produced are sold in the domestic market. Several diseases affect carnations, among them fairyring leaf spot (Cladosporium echinulatum), the most important foliar disease in Chile. Different control alternatives for fairy-ring spot were evaluated on the carnation cv. Sarinah in terms of disease incidence and severity. The study was performed in June-August 2003 with a commercial carnation planting in a greenhouse located in Champa(33° 49' S, 70° 45' W) that in previous growing seasons reported a high incidence of fairyring leaf spot....
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Carnation; Cladosporium; Dianthus caryophyllus; Foliar diseases; Sodium bicarbonate; Trichoderma.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202009000300015

Influence of long-chain fatty acids on weight gain of Hylastinus obscurus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Toledo,Dayand; Parra,Leonardo; Mutis,Ana; Ortega,Fernando; Hormazábal,Emilio; Quiroz,Andrés.
The contents of long-chain fatty acids in non-polar root extracts from 1.6 year-old red clover plants of two cultivars (Superqueli INIA and Quiñequeli INIA) and one experimental line (Syn II Pre III), their relationships with H. obscurus populations, and the stimulant or deterrent effects of the root extracts and of individual fatty acids on the weight gain of H. obscurus were investigated. There was an inverse relationship between the insect population size and the palmitic acid content. The Superqueli INIA cultivar contained the highest palmitic acid content and the lowest insect load. When solutions of either palmitic or oleic acids were individually incorporated into an artificial diet, palmitic acid caused a decrease in weight gain, whereas the effect...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Deterrent; Hylastinus obscurus; Trifolium pratense; Palmitic acid.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202014000300008

Identification of proanthocyanidins extracted from Pinus radiata D. Don bark
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Cortés,Soledad; Pulgar,Hugo; Sanhueza,Verónica; Aspé,Estrella; Fernández,Katherina.
The bark of Pinus radiata D. Don is recognized as a rich natural source of proanthocyanidins (PAs). Barks of Pinus radiata D. Don were extracted to produce a raw extract, and then purified to produce 4 fractions, with the aim of correlating its structural characteristics with the extract antioxidant capacity. The structural characterization was performed by acid catalysis in presence of phloroglucinol, foliowed by the detection of the components by High Precision Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The subunits identified in the bark of Pinus radiata were: epicatechin- (4ß-2) - phloroglucinol (EC-P), catechin- (4á-2) - phloroglucinol (C-F) and (+) -catechin (C). The purified fractions showed different mean degree of polymerization (mDP), average molecular weight...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Antioxidant activity; Bark; Pinus radiata; Tannins.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202010000200002

Methodological proposal for predictive and cartographic modeling of insect population: Semidalis kolbei case, the Araucanía Region, Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Ojeda,Nelson; Rebolledo,Ramón; Calzadilla,Soraya; Soto,Hector; Morales,Luis.
Semidalis kolbei occupies a significant area of south central Chile. However, it is necessary to determine and predict the occurrence of the insect at a given site. The aim of this research is to analyze the potential spatial distribution of S. kolbei in La Araucanía Region of Chile. The study compares ordinary kriging (OK) interpolation methods, geographically weighted regression (GWR) and global regression (GR). The following variables were used in the investigation: topography (altitude, aspect, and slope), distance from the littoral, climate, and geographical variables (latitude and longitude). Of the models evaluated, the GWR proved to be the most successful. This model revealed a marked east-west gradient in the distribution of S. kolbei and a...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Araucanía Region; Chile; Modeling; Potential spatial distribution; Semidalis kolbei.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202011000300007

The influence of selected winemaking equipment and operations on the concentration of dissolved oxygen in wines
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Calderón,Juan F; del Alamo-Sanza,María; Nevares,Ignacio; Laurie,V. Felipe.
J.F. Calderón, M. del Alamo-Sanza, I. Nevares, and V.F. Laurie. 2014. The influence of selected winemaking equipment and operations on the concentration of dissolved oxygen in wines. Cien. Inv. Agr. 41(2): 273-280. Oxygen has a determining effect on the quality and longevity of wines. In spite of its importance, there are only a limited number of reports examining the levels of dissolved oxygen during wine production and the enrichments produced by different operations. In this study, the contribution of selected winemaking equipment and operations (i.e., pumping, centrifugation, tartrate stabilization, filtration and bulk wine transportation) on the concentration of dissolved oxygen in wines was assessed using a photoluminescence-based oxygen meter. For...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Dissolved oxygen; Photoluminescence; Oxygen meter; Wine.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202014000200014

Competition with spreading dayflower (Commelina diffusa L.) can affect the agronomic characteristics and mineral content of common bean grains
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Gomes,Lidiane dos Santos; Pin Dalvi,Leandro; Colodete Altoé,Sabrina; Rocha,Leonardo José Frinhani Noia da; Oliveira,Fabio Luiz de.
Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the presence of Commelina diffusa weeds on the agronomic characteristics and mineral content of bean grains (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The experiments were conducted using a completely randomized design with five replications in a greenhouse. The treatments consisted of two bean cultivars (BRS Ametista and BRS Estilo) grown in the presence and absence of the weeds. The weeds affected the agronomic and mineral characteristics of the varieties; caused a decrease in the number of leaves; reduced the chlorophyll content in the leaves; and reduced the nitrogen, phosphorus and iron contents in the grains. Competition with spreading dayflower did not cause significant effects on the stem diameter...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Food security; Mineral characteristics; Phaseolus vulgaris L; Weeds.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202017000200121

Genetic diversity in Egeria densa and E. najas in Jupiá Reservoir, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Mori,Edson S; Martins,Dagoberto; Velini,Edivaldo D; Marino,Celso L; Gouvêa,Cantídio F; Leite,Suzi M.M; Camacho,Edwin; Guries,Raymond P.
The aquatic plant species Egeria densa (Planch.) Casp and E. najas Planchon occur naturally in the Paraná River Basin of southeastern Brazil. Hydroelectric dam construction in the river basin has created several lakes, changing the ecology of the river and altering the population ecology of Egeria. Large, dense populations of Egeria now grow in Jupiá Lake and its tributaries, occasionally blocking hydroelectric turbines. This study is part of a larger project examining environmental changes associated with large dam projects; the research objective of this study was to assess patterns of genetic diversity in Egeria populations growing in Jupiá and Três Irmãos Lakes and their Paraná River tributaries using genetic markers. Forty-two plants of E. najas and...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Egeria; Dam; Isoenzyme; Genetic distance; RAPD; Reservoir.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000200008

Biological parameters of Cydnodromus picanus and Phytoseiulus persimilis raised on the carmine spider mite, Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Acari: Phytoseiidae, Tetranychidae)
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Tello,Víctor; Vargas,Robinson; Araya,Jaime; Cardemil,Antonieta.
The postembryonic development, consumption and life table parameters of Cydnodromus picanus Ragusa and Phytoseiulus persimilis (Athias-Henriot) were studied at 29.44 ± 1.47 °C and 42.35 ± 5.01% of RH with a photoperiod of 14:10 h (L:D) in order to evaluate the potential of these predators for feeding on the carmine spider mite Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boisduval). Eggs, larvae and protonymphs of T cinnabarinus may be optimal food for C. picanus, which obtained survival rates of 100%, 97% and 93%, respectively, on them. The survival of P persimilis was around 6.7% with diets based on eggs, larvae and protonymphs, showing a high mortality level by dehydration when fed with eggs. The time of the postembryonic development was significantly shorter (p &lt;...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Biological control; Life table; Postembryonic development; Predation.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202009000200012

Botryosphaeriaceae species affecting table grape vineyards in Chile and cultivar susceptibility
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Morales,Andrea; Latorre,Bernardo A; Piontelli,Eduardo; Besoain,Ximena.
Several Botryosphaeriaceae species have been identified as the causes of cankers and dieback of Vitis vinifera in several grape-growing regions around the world. This research was conducted to further study the species of Botryosphaeriaceae associated with table grapes in Chile, to estimate the prevalence and severity of the disease as a function of vineyard age, to study the susceptibility of table grape cultivars to infection by Botryosphaeriaceae species, and to evaluate the effect of tissue age on the infection caused by Botryosphaeriaceae species. Symptoms were characterized by the presence of the partial or total death of the grapevine cordons and distorted leaves. Brown V-shaped or U-shaped cankers and black spots were observed in cross-sections,...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Diplodia; Grapevine diseases; Spencermartinsia viticola; Trunk diseases; Vitis vinifera.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000300005

Optimization of sample design sizes and shapes for regionalized variables using simulated annealing
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Guedes,Luciana P.C; Uribe-Opazo,Miguel A; Ribeiro Junior,Paulo J.
The spatial variability of structures in regionalized variables are defined with the aid of geostatistical techniques, which facilitate the estimation of values for these variables in unsampled localizations and generate thematic maps to be used in decision making for localized treatments in the area under study. The quality of these maps depends on the trustworthiness of these estimates that can be modified with the choice for the sample design. The objective of this work was to establish an optimal size and shape of the sample designs in order to enhance the efficiency of sampling plans for the prediction of space dependent variables. These designs were obtained with the use of a stochastic search method called Simulated Annealing. This method is based...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Geostatistics; Interpolation; Precision agriculture; Spatial variability.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202014000100004

The influence of N and P supply and genotype on N remobilization in containerized Pinus radiata plants
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Bown,Horacio E; Watt,Michael S; Clinton,Peter W; Mason,Euan G.
A large proportion of the nitrogen (N) used in the current-year growth of the widely grown plantation species Pinus radiata D. Don is N that was stored in plant tissues the previous year. However, the extent to which an imbalance between levels of phosphorus (P) and N may change the capacity of plants to remobilize N is unknown. In this study, the N remobilization responses of four P. radiata genotypes to a factorial combination of N and P additions were assessed in containerized plants in a two-year greenhouse experiment. N supply was enriched with 15N at 2.5%o(labeled N) during the first year. Plants were then transferred to clean sand and grown for another year with 15N at levels close to natural levels (0.3664899 atom percent 15N, &amp;#948;15N...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Genotypes; Nitrogen; Nutrient remobilization; Phosphorus; Pinus radiata.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000300010

Texture of Chanco cheese: Projection of a sensory map based on multivariate analysis
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Leiva,Javier; Figueroa,Heriberto.
The aim of the study is to evaluate, by using sensory methods, Chanco cheese texture by means of quantitative descriptive analysis to project a sensory map based on multivariate analysis. Samples of Chanco cheese (two different commercial brands) were used. Sensory evaluation was undertaken by a trained panel (n = 13), using quantitative descriptive analysis. The sensory profle includes the properties of springiness, hardness, friability, deformability, adhesiveness and cohesiveness. Sensory scales from one to seven were used to express the intensity perceived for each property. Based on the results, it was possible to observe the formation of a main group, comprising of cohesiveness, friability, springiness and adhesiveness. Other groupings were formed...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Chanco cheese; Cheese; Sensory map; Sensory property; Texture.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202010000100008

Trans fatty acids and their role in the milk of dairy cows
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Vargas-Bello-Pérez,Einar; Garnsworthy,Phil C.
E. Vargas-Bello-Pérez, and P.C. Garnsworthy. 2013. Trans fatty acids and their role in the milk of dairy cows. Cien. Inv. Agr. 40(3): 449-473. Lipids obtained from dairy products are an important part of the human diet in many countries. Approximately 75% of the total consumption of fat from ruminant animals comes from bovine milk fat. Trans fatty acids (tFA) are produced during biohydrogenation of mono- and poly-unsaturated FA in the rumen. They are mixtures of positional and geometrical isomers that are incorporated into the milk fat of lactating cows. The most important sources of tFA in the human diet are partially hydrogenated vegetable oils and ruminant milk and meat products. Ruminant-derived lipids often contain 1-8% of total fatty acids as tFA,...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Biohydrogenation; Dairy cows; Milk; Ruminal fermentation; Trans fatty acids.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000300001

Ruminal degradation of aerial biomass and seeds of wild species of Lupinus
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Pablo-Pérez,Maricela; Lagunes-Espinoza,Luz del C; Ramos-Juárez,Jesús; López-Upton,Javier; Aranda-Ibáñez,Emilio M; Vargas-Villamil,Luis.
Ruminal degradation of dry matter (DMD) and crude protein (CPD) for aerial biomass at the flowering stage and for the seeds of L. campestris, L. exaltatus, L. hintonii and L. montanus was determined using the nylon bag technique with two fistulated steers in five incubation times (3, 9, 12, 24 and 48 h), including a sample of soybean paste (SP). The data obtained were analyzed using PROC MIXED of SAS for repeated measures. The results showed interactions between species and incubation time for DMD and CPD. Among species of lupine, a high DMD and CPD of seeds were observed after three hours of incubation. At 48 h, DMD and CPD did not show significant variation between species: DMD ranged from 94.3% to 96.7% and CPD from 98.9 to 99.2%. The degradation rate...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Dry matter; Protein; Ruminal incubation; Legume; Lupinus.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202014000100001

Molecular detection and classification of the phytoplasma that causes purple top in potatoes (Solanum tuberosum) in the State of Mexico
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Gutiérrez-Ibáñez,Ana T; Laguna-Cerda,Antonio; Rojas-Martínez,Reina; González-Garza,Ramiro; Salgado-Siclán,Martha L.
The Mexican potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) crop is affected by several diseases, including purple top (PPT). PPT is caused by phytoplasma and is transmitted by insects in the Cicadellidae family. In severe infections, this pathogen can cause yield losses of nearly 100%. The objective of this research was to identify and classify (at a molecular level) the causal agents of PPT. Potato plants were sampled in the state of Mexico (at Tenango del Valle, Zinacantepec, Atlacomulco and Donato Guerra) in the spring and summer of 2006. Approximately 40% of the plants tested positive for phytoplasma. The presence of plant DNA was determined by amplifying an endogenous gene with the 16s-1/16s-2 primers. To detect phytoplasma, the P1/P7 universal primers were used for...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Phytoplasma; Potato diseases; Potato purple top.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000200010

Relación entre concentración de cloruros y conductividad eléctrica en aguas subterráneas y su estimación a partir de Sondeos Eléctricos Verticales (SEV) en Guasave, Sinaloa, México
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Peinado-Guevara,Héctor; Green-Ruíz,Carlos; Herrera-Barrientos,Jaime; Escolero-Fuentes,Oscar; Delgado-Rodríguez,Omar; Belmonte-Jiménez,Salvador; Ladrón de Guevara,María.
Soils in arid or semi-arid areas often have salinity problems, so the quality of irrigation water plays an important role in agricultural production. Groundwater quality analysis includes the determination of chloride ions, which are toxic to plants in high concentrations. A total of 1358 groundwater samples were collected and analyzed in the period 1980-2008. Water electrical conductivity [EC] and chloride ion concentration values were related by the linear equation [Cl-] = 4.928 EC (R&gt; 0.94), to estimate the concentration of chloride ions as a function of the electrical conductivity of water in the study area. A geophysical survey was conducted through 34 Vertical Electrical Soundings (VESs) to calculate the water electrical conductivity from the...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Archie's Law; Chlorides; Electrical conductivity; Resistivity; Vertical electrical sounding (VES).
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000100020

Pre- and post-infection activity of new fungicides against Botrytis cinérea and other fungi causing decay of table grapes
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Serey,Ricardo A; Torres,Rene; Latorre,Bernardo A.
Pre- and post-harvest diseases restrict table grape production and exports (Vitis vinifera L.) in Chile, with the most important disease being grey mold (Botrytis cinérea). In addition, rot due to Aspergillus niger, Cladosporium herbarum, Penicillium expansum, and Rhizopus stolonifer frequently occurs. The pre- and post-infection activity of fungicides against these pathogens was studied on Thompson Seedless table grapes. Detached, mature, berries were used, and inoculations were performed with 20 µL of a 10(6) spores•mL-1 suspension placed on three punctures aseptically made at the calyx end of each berry. Fungicides used (per liter) were boscalid (600 mg), boscalid (200 mg) + pyraclostrobin (100 mg), boscalid (200 mg) + kresoxim methyl (100 mg),...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Blue mold; Curative activity; Gray mold; Protection activity; Sour rot; Vitis vinifera.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202007000300005

Changes in wing length in the pollinator Bombus dahlbomii occurring with the fragmentation of the Maulino forest, Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Murúa,Maureen M; Grez,Audrey A; Simonetti,Javier A.
Habitat fragmentation can affect the morphological design of flying insects in different ways through changes in the costs and benefits of dispersal patterns. Larger wings should be favored if necessary resources are scattered across a fragmented landscape. The purpose of this research is to test this prediction in Bombus dahlbomii (Guérin), a native Chilean pollinator associated with the fragmented Maulino forest. We used hanging traps to collect individuals in the continuous native forest, in four small forest remnants and in two Pinus radiata plantations (matrix). We measured the body size (mm) and the length of the first and the second pairs of wings (mm) of each individual collected. In all, 280 individuals were captured. The body size and the length...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Bumblebees; Habitat fragmentati morphometric changes.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202011000300008

Unveiling Peruvian organic consumers demand for organics: A latent class approach
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Higuchi,Angie; Dávalos,Jorge.
A. Higuchi, and J. Dávalos. 2016. Unveiling Peruvian organic consumers demand for organics: A latent class approach. Cien. Inv. Agr. 43(3): 408-417. This paper seeks to identify the consumer segments that constitute the market for organic products in Metropolitan Lima, Peru. The employed classification methodology, Latent Class Analysis, is implemented within a structural framework that is capable of identifying key relations such as the link between educational attainment and organic product consumption. This study builds on primary data gathered at the study site involving interviews with 547 organic consumers at a limited number of bio-fairs and bio-shops. Our results identify two segments: core and middle-level consumers. Although both segments exhibit...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Attributes; Latent class analysis; Metropolitan Lima; Organic consumers; Peru; Socio-economic characteristics.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202016000300007

Relación entre la vegetación y el banco de semillas de un espartillar de Spartina argentinensis
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Feldman,Susana R; Alzugaray,Claudia; Lewis,Juan P.
Los pajonales de Spartina argentinensis Parodi ocupan grandes extensiones en bajos salinos de la provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina. La vegetación y el banco de semillas del suelo de estas comunidades han sido analizados pero se desconoce la relación entre ambos compartimentos de la comunidad. Se trabajó con datos obtenidos previamente de la Reserva Federico Wildermuth Colonia Bel Grano, Departamento San Martín, Santa Fe, Argentina (31°57 S; 61°23' W). Con este propósito se empleó información sobre abundancia-cobertura de la comunidad aérea y densidad del banco, discriminada por especies, obtenidos durante 1998 y 1999. Se calcularon las proporciones de grupos funcionales de especies vegetales C3 y C4 y anuales/perennes, se determinó el índice de similitud y...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Abundancia-cobertura; Comunidades; Funcionales; Grupos; Halófilas; Propágulos; Similitud.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202007000100005

The rise and fall of Chanco cheese in Chile (1860-1930)
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Lacoste,Pablo; Castro,Amalia; Jiménez,Diego; Soto,Natalia; Rendón,Bibiana; Briones,Félix.
This paper studies the historical evolution of Chanco cheese during two very different time periods: 1860-1900 and 1900-1930. The former was characterized by a high presence of the aforementioned cheese in Chilean society, and the latter period encompassed a time of identity contamination. Unlike Pisco, which has been delimited and protected as an Appellation of Origin (AO), Chanco cheese has been a victim of dilution of its own identity and cultural value. We hypothesize that the dilution and devaluing of Chanco cheese was a result of the incoherent actions of the State, producers and merchants with respect to its assessment, protection and delimitation of its identity.
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Agro foods; Appellations of Origin; Chanco cheese; Chile; Identity contamination.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202015000100009

Spatial distribution of head smut (Sporisorium reilianum) of corn in Mexico
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Sánchez-Pale,Jesús Ricardo; Ramírez-Dávila,José Francisco; González-Huerta,Andrés; de León,Carlos.
Knowledge about the spatial distribution of agricultural diseases is important for the elaboration of integrated pest management programs. Such knowledge allows the exact and adept development of sampling methods, control methods and risk valuation. Despite its importance, there have been few studies of the spatial distribution of head smut of corn in Mexico. This study aimed to determine the spatial distribution of this disease during the year 2007 in the State of México and to establish its spatial behavior with geostatistical techniques. Five points per plot were chosen for sampling. For each sampling point, 100 plants in a single row were counted, and the plants that presented symptoms of the disease were recorded. The geostatistical analysis used this...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Geostatistic; Sphacelatheca reiliana; Sporisorium reilianum; Zea mays.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202011000200011

Market management: the impact on the development of an ornamental plants supply chain in Curitiba, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Muraro,Daniel; Negrelle,Raquel R.B; Cuquel,Francine L; Anacleto,Adilson.
The results of a study of the impact of market management on the ornamental plants supply chain are presented, using Curitiba, which is considered the most expressive flower market in Paraná State, as a case study. The flower market in Paraná ranks fifth in Brazil in terms of the volume of commercialization and sixth in terms of per capita consumption. However, this State, which initiated floriculture activities nearly 50 years ago, does not have a prominent florist supply pole, although adequate environmental conditions for such activities exist in Paraná. Therefore, to obtain more information about and a better understanding of the determinants of this scenario, a literature review and interviews were conducted. The flower shops structure and operations...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Brazil; Business relationship; Floriculture; Production; Retail and wholesale.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202015000300013

Species richness, diversity and human activities in an elevation gradient of a high-ecosystem in Lagunas Huascoaltinas, Atacama Region, Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Sanhueza,Doris; Miranda,Marcelo; Gómez,Miguel; Bonacic,Cristian.
The relationship between species richness, diversity and grazing frequency along an altitudinal gradient (1900-3400 m) of an Andean ecosystem indicates that there is an intense human pressure on vegetation use. To identify the vascular flora and its conservation, 20 sites were sampled in two visits during 2006. We identified 79 taxa, including 62.03% native species, 22.78% adventitious and 8.86% endemic (the remaining 6.33% was identified only at the genus level). Some genera were underrepresented. We also observed latitudinal limits (Alstremeria andina), monotypic genera (Geoffroea, Kurzamra, Phragmites, Tessaria and Salix) and monogeneric families (Buddlejaceae, Ephedraceae, Equisetaceae, Malesherbiaceae, Salicaceae and Oxalidaceae). Moreover, we found...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Altitudinal gradients; Species richness; Vegetal diversity; Human pressure; Andean wetlands ecosystems.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202009000300008

Biological vulnerability in the Elqui Valley (Coquimbo Region, Chile) to economically important arthropods
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Pizarro-Araya,Jaime; Cepeda-Pizarro,Jorge; Barriga,Juan E; Bodini,Andrés.
Current climate conditions in north-central Chile (25057'-32013'S,71043'-68°16'W)are characterized by increasing temperatures and decreasing rainfall. Global warming is expected to alter the hydrology and ecoclimatic characteristics of north-central basins with multiple effects, including changes in plant and arthropod phenology and biodiversity. Among these basins, the Elqui Valley (29°50'S, 70°52'W) stands out for its large population and the economic importance of tourism and agriculture. The taxonomic composition of agriculturally and medically important arthropods was studied in three locations in the Elqui Valley by manual capture of specimens and interviews with farmers, agricultural workers, and local leaders. Out of a total of 145 species of...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Arthropods; Climate change; Agricultural cropland; Rangeland; Elqui Valley; Arid zones.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202009000200006

Determining the site index of Teak (Tectona grandis L.) plantations in Tabasco, Mexico
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Minoche,Djhon; Herrero,Celia; Dominguez-Dominguez,Marivel; Martinez-Zurimendi,Pablo.
Abstract Forest stand productivity is defined as the quantitative estimation of a specific area's potential to produce biomass over a determined period of time. The site index has been the predominant method used to evaluate forest stand productivity. Teak is one of the most accepted species within the international timber market due to the physical and aesthetic qualities of this wood. The aim of this study was to determine the site index of teak plantations. The study was conducted in teak plantations of Tabasco. Data were obtained from a network of 10 plantations consisting of 35 plots measured over four successive inventories (2003 to 2006). The data were fitted to five models, of which four were based on proposed finite difference equations and a...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Finite difference equations; Forest productivity; Inventory; Non-integrated function; Validation.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202017000200154

Plant nutrition, foliar standards, chlorophyll activity and soil nutrient status of two cultivars of Leucospermum cordifolium (Proteaceae)
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Álvarez,Carlos E; Fernández-Falcón,Marino; Hernández,M. Mercedes.
Two cultivars ('Succession II' and 'Tango') of Leucospermum cordifolium were studied over three years in commercial plantations with optimum yields located on subtropical La Palma Island (Canarian Archipelago). Four foliar samplings were taken per year to determine the evolution of the N, P, and K contents over time and to determine the optimal month for foliar standard sampling. Foliar chlorophyll activity and the foliar standard concentrations of macro- and micronutrients were determined. Soil samples were also taken. Both cultivars developed well in soils with acid and slightly acid pH, low and high organic matter content, and in some cases, high available P concentrations, though Proteaceae is generally considered P sensitive. Chlorophyll activity...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Leaf analysis; Protea; 'Succession II'; 'Tango'.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000100008

Harmonia axyridis in Chile: a new threat
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Grez,Audrey; Zaviezo,Tania; González,Guillermo; Rothmann,Sergio.
In this work, we document the presence of Harmonia axyridis in Chile, an invasive coccinellid species that has had negative effects in other regions of the world, such as: impacts on non-target arthropods, invasions of houses and fruit damage. This species has been found in the last three years in the Metropolitan and Valparaíso regions, in crops, pine plantations and inside houses. We warn about the consequences of the introduction of this species to Chile and claim to take actions to avoid its spread in the country.
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Biological invasions; Coccinellidae; Harmoia axyridis; Harlequin lady beetle; Asian lady beetle.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202010000300013

Effect of crop load on the phenological, vegetative and reproductive behavior of the ‘Frantoio’ olive tree (Olea europaea L.)
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Beyá-Marshall,Víctor; Fichet,Thomas.
The aim of this study was to characterize the phenological, vegetative and reproductive behavior variables of ‘Frantoio’ olive trees in an "off’ year (with a low crop load) and an "on" year (with a high crop load). To do this, during the 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 seasons, "off" and "on", respectively, phenological variables, plant growth (shoots and roots) and reproductive growth (type of flower, fruit set and growth), were monitored biweekly. In addition, the yield per tree was assessed, and the crop load was estimated. The main results showed that crop load strongly influenced these variables. The distribution and intensity of vegetative growth, both in the roots and aboveground, decreased more and had lower intensity in the high fruiting season, with a...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Alternate bearing; Flowering; Rhizotron; Root growth dynamics; Shoots; Source-sink.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202017000100005

Agricultural employment in Spain and new Keynesian economics
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Andrés González-Moralejo,Silvia; García Cortés,Mildrey.
Our research examines the agricultural labor market from the perspective of new Keynesian economics. Our aim is to verify that total gross output, total factor productivity, and real wages act as determinants of employment levels in Spanish agriculture. Three structural econometric models were estimated using census data for the period 1998-2013. This was a period of profound economic and social change, and the following two distinct sub-periods were compared: 1998-2007 (a period of economic boom) and 2008-2013 (a period of recession). The empirical evidence is consistent with neo-Keynesian theoretical posits, albeit with certain qualifiers derived from the specifically rural nature of the evidence. The results show a negative relationship between...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Agrarian labor market; Neo-Keynesian model; Wages.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202016000200002

Plant tissue culture: Current status, opportunities and challenges
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: García-Gonzáles,Rolando; Quiroz,Karla; Carrasco,Basilio; Caligari,Peter.
In the last two decades plant biotechnology applications have been widely developed and incorporated into the agricultural systems of many countries worldwide. Tissue culture tools have been a key factor to support such outcomes. Current results have allowed plant biotechnology and its products -including transgenic plants with several traits- to be the most assimilated technology for farmers and companies, representing several benefits such as: 125 millions ha of transgenic crops in 2008, the reduction of pesticides application by up to 9% in the last ten years, transgenic plants with a better nutritional quality, mass propagation of selected and healthy plants, and the production of proteins for industrial or therapeutic use. The rapid and extensive...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: In vitro; Micropropagation; Organogenesis; Plant bioreactors; Somatic embryogenesis; Transgenic plants.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202010000300001

Estimation of the lifespan of agricultural tractor using a diffusion model at the aggregate level
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Muñoz,Ricardo; Llanos,José.
The adoption of agricultural tractors by farms has resulted in different combinations, relationships and established ways of production of localities, regions and countries. The dynamics of the tractorization process are defined by the balance of the units that enter the fleet and those that are removed at the end of their useful life. This study uses a diffusion pattern and aggregated adoption of the agricultural tractor, the parameters of which were determined using a nonlinear estimation procedure and country-level data for Chile. Using the predictive power of the model, a longitudinal series of tractor fleets was estimated, and then the balance was calculated considering the units that were discharged. To more accurately determine the average lifespan...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Aggregate diffusion; Agricultural mechanization; Lifespan; Technology adoption; Tractor; Tractorization.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000300014

Mapeo de loci de caracteres cuantitativos (QTL) usando un enfoque multivariado
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Mora,Freddy; Santos,Alexandra I; Scapim,Carlos A.
Los procedimientos usados en el mapeo de loci de característica cuantitativa (QTL) son continuamente estudiados ya que son fundamentales para mejorar la precisión del análisis genético. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo examinar QTLs a través de métodos muí ti variados, considerando el principio de mapeo por intervalo simple. Se simuló un conjunto de datos de marcadores moleculares microsatélites provenientes de una población F2. Al mismo tiempo se consideró que los QTLs controlan características de distribución normal y binomial. En el caso normal se consideraron cinco modelos con las siguientes estructuras de covarianzas residuales: Componentes de varianza (VC), simetría compuesta (CS), no estructurada (UN), diagonal principal (Banded Main Diagonal;...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Análisis multivariado; Binario; Ecuaciones generalizadas; Marcador molecular; Mejoramiento genético; QTL.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202008000200003

Selection of rice genotypes (Oryza sativa) with high nitrogen agronomic efficiency in an Acuic Durixererts soil, central-southern Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Quezada,Celerino; Hernaíz,Santiago; Vidal,Iván; Alvarado,Roberto; Gallegos,Rubén; Yañez,Wilson.
C. Quezada, S. Hernaíz, I. Vidal, R. Alvarado, R. Gallegos, and W. Yañez. 2013. Selection of rice genotypes (Oryza sativa) with high nitrogen agronomic efficiency in an Acuic Durixererts soil, central-southern Chile. 40(2): 375-385. Nitrogen agronomic efficiency (NAE) is a key factor that has not been considered in rice breeding programs. The objective of this study was to evaluate nitrogen agronomic efficiency in twenty rice genotypes in an Acuic Durixererts soil (Quella Series) located in Chile's south central zone (36°04'S, 72° 0'W) over the 2008-09 growing season. The field experiment was carried out in a complete randomized split-plot block design with five N treatments of 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg ha-1 and twenty genotype sub-treatments. The...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Nitrogen agronomic efficiency; Nitrogen dose; Rice genotypes.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000200012

Quantification and control of runoff and soil erosion on avocado orchards on ridges along steep-hillslopes
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Youlton,Cristian; Espejo,Paulina; Biggs,Jaime; Norambuena,Marcela; Cisternas,Marco; Neaman,Alexander; Salgado,Eduardo.
Soil erosion increases after building downward ridges along steep hillslopes, in particular during the first winter. This erosion decreases when trees grow, but runoff increases. This study presents results of erosion under five different treatments: (i) soil cover with native vegetation, (ii) bare downward ridges, (iii) downward ridges with six year-old avocado orchard, (iv) downward ridges with plant cover and (v) downward ridges covered with agroindustrial waste sludge. The results revealed 20 t ha-1 of soil erosion during the first year after ridges were built, while mitigation measures can reduce erosion in 90%. Adult orchard showed the largest runoff, which probably is due to the effect of a high and about constant soil moisture during irrigation...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Soil erosion; Runoff; Agroindustrial waste sludge; Plant cover; Ridges along slope; Steep hillslope; Avocado orchards; Chile.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202010000300010

Caracterización en pre y poscosecha de dos cultivares de melón reticulado del tipo Oriental (Cucumis melo Grupo Cantalupensis)
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Laínez,Dominique; Krarup,Christian.
Este estudio tuvo por objetivo caracterizar el comportamiento en pre y poscosecha de dos cultivares de melón reticulado tipo Oriental (Cucumis meló Grupo Cantalupensis), Emerald y Glamour, producidos bajo prácticas de cultivo habituales en Chile. Ambos cultivares presentaron un desarrollo vigoroso, sin problemas sanitarios y una alta producción de frutos. Los frutos del cv. Emerald desarrollaron una zona de abscisión peduncular y se separaron de la planta al madurar, presentaron tamaño medio (1,0 kg), forma ovalada, epidermis verde con reticulado fino y poco denso, y pulpa verde cremosa de con 10,3% como promedio de sólidos solubles totales (SST). En contraste, los frutos del cv. Glamour no desarrollaron una zona de abscisión peduncular y no se separaron...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Cucumis meló; Manejo de poscosecha; Tecnología de la fruta.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202008000100006

Use of mesoscale model MM5 forecasts as proxies for surface meteorological and agroclimatic variables
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Silva,Daniel O; Meza,Francisco J; Varas,Eduardo.
There is increasing interest in meteorological information and its application to strategic planning at the farm as well as regional level. Although we have recently seen significant improvements to strengthen and enlarge networks of weather observations, their density is still insufficient to cover large extents at the desired spatial and temporal resolution. Climate scientists have developed and used mesoscale models to understand and predict future atmospheric conditions. These models represent a major contribution to objective weather forecasts throughout numerical simulations. They use global circulation outputs as boundary conditions and can be run in a nested manner so as to increase their spatial resolution. Because of this, we can obtain...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Agroclimatological variables; Maipo river basin; MM5 data; MOS.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202009000300004

Effects of autoclaving on the apparent digestibility coefficient of dehulled pea seed meal (Pisum sativum L.) in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss W.)
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Hernández,Adrián; Bórquez,Aliro; Alcaíno,Leonardo; Morales,Jorge; Dantagnan,Patricio; Saez,Patricio.
The effect of autoclaving on the nutrients' apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC), digestible protein and energy of pea seed meal (P. sativum) fed to Rainbow trout (O. mykiss) was examined. Two samples of the pea meal were autoclaved at 121°C and 1.1 atm for 5 min (5'APM) or 15 min (15'APM), respectively. A third sample, used as control, was not treated (RPM). One reference diet (Basal diet) and 3 experimental diets were elaborated and labelled based on autoclaving time applied to the ingredient (RPM, 5'APM and 15'APM). The four diets were assigned using a completely randomised design, with each treatment having three replicates. 12 tanks were stocked each with 15 trouts with an average weight of 235 ± 10.4 g. Faeces were collected over a 7-day period...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Autoclaving; Apparent digestibility coefficient; Pea seed meal; Rainbow trout.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202010000300003

In vitro culture of Luma chequen from vegetative buds
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Mancilla,Héctor; Quiroz,Karla; Arencibia,Ariel; Carrasco,Basilio; García-Gonzales,Rolando.
H. Mancilla, K. Quiroz, A. Arencibia, B. Carrasco, and R. García-Gonzales. 2013. In vitro culture of Luma chequen from vegetative buds. Cien. Inv. Agr. 40(3): 609-615. Luma chequen, a small tree or large shrub belonging to the Myrtaceae family, is endemic to South America and has medicinal, nutritional and ornamental potential. However, its native habitat is deteriorating gradually, and it is suffering from the effects of fragmentation that is being caused by the conversion of forest land to agricultural land and the natural expansion of monocultural plantations of exotic species, such as Pinus radiata. The purpose of this work is to develop an effective procedure for establishing in vitro cultures of the native Chilean species L. chequen. Aseptic nodal...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Aseptic nodal segments; In vitro culture; Myrtaceae family; Organogenesis.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000300013

Tolerance of native Magellan fungi in peat to anthracene and n-dodecane for potential use in bioremediation
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Rodríguez-Córdova,Leonardo A; Sáez-Navarrete,César A; Ishanoglu,Vartan; Herrera,Leandro; Ginocchio,Rosanna.
Tolerance of Magellan fungi in peat to anthracene and n-dodecane for potential use in bioremediation. Cien. Inv. Agr. 43(1):85-93. The tolerances of filamentous Magellan fungi in peat were analyzed in the presence of structurally different petroleum hydrocarbons to assess their abilities for bioremediation in contaminated soils. Fungi on PDA (potato dextrose agar) and fresh peat plates were cultured and purified. The morphologically identified species were grown in a hydrocarbon adapted-fungi (HAF) medium. Increasing concentrations of anthracene, n-dodecane and furfural were applied to observe tolerances based on the radial growth kinetics of hyphae. The results showed that the radial growths of hyphae in anthracene reached average speeds of 10.95 ± 1.21,...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Anthracene; Contaminated sites; Filamentous fungi; Furfural; Magellan peat; N-dodecane.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202016000100008

Forage potential of black oat Iapar 61 alone or in association with birdsfoot trefoil
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Ducati,Camila; Neres,Marcela A; Castagnara,Deise D; Oliveira,Paulo S. R; Weirich,Daiane; da Silva,Gustavo M; Sunahara,Samantha M. M.
C. Ducati, M.A. Neres, D.D. Castagnara, P.S.R. Oliveira, D. Weirich, G.M. Silva, and S.M.M. Sunahara. 2015. Forage potential of oat Iapar 61 alone or in association with birdsfoot trefoil. Cien. Inv. Agr. 42(3): 341-351. The objective of this study was to evaluate the structural characteristics, dry matter production, residual mass, chemical composition and in vitro dry matter digestibility of Iapar 61 black oat (Avena strigosa cv Iapar 61) pasture, both in isolation and in association with birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L., cv. St. Gabriel), under different forms of management in three growth cycles. A randomized block design was used with split plots in time with four treatments: conventional tillage oats, oat tillage, oats associated with...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Apical meristem; Crude protein; Dry matter production; Winter legume.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202015000300003

Methodology for determining the suitability of land for the cultivation of highbush blueberry: a case study on a farm in Southern Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Vera,Leonardo; Montalba,René; Vieli,Lorena; Jorquera,Emilio; González,Isabel.
L. Vera, R. Montalba, L. Vieli, E. Jorquera, and I González. 2015. Methodology for determining the suitability of land for the cultivation of highbush blueberry: a case study on a farm in southern Chile. Cien. Inv. Agr. 42(3): 353-364. The selection of good planting sites is critical for the success of blueberry plantations. The objective of the present study was to identify farm territorial units suitable for the establishment and management of highbush blueberry crops on a farm in southern Chile. A farm-level characterization was developed, and districts and sites were classified according to their receptive capacity. Numerical suitability valúes were subsequently obtained for each land unit identified on the farm. Four suitability categories were...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Landscape management; Limiting variable; PH; Receptive capacity; Slope.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202015000300004

The antioxidant properties of calafate (Berberis microphylla) fruits from four different locations in southern Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Mariangel,Emilia; Reyes-Diaz,Marjorie; Lobos,Walter; Bensch,Emma; Schalchli,Heidi; Ibarra,Pamela.
The antioxidant capacity (AC), total anthocyanins (TA) and total phenols (TP) of calafate fruit from four locations in southern Chile (El Blanco, Lonquimay, Mañihuales and Temuco) were determined using both the free radical 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method and the linoleic acid oxidation inhibition method as well as the pH-differential and Folin-Ciocalteu methods. Phenolic compounds were also identified using HPLC-DAD (High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Diode-Array Detection). The results showed that TP varied significantly according to the location. Mañihuales was noteworthy, with 34.9 mg of GAE g-1 dried fruit. The measured AC level depended on the methodology used, varying significantly between locations according to the DPPH results....
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Antioxidants; Antioxidant capacity; Berberis; Flavonoids; Phenolic acids; Total phenols.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000100014

The socioeconomic and technical status of cut flower producers in Tabasco, Mexico
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Saldaña y Hernández,María I; Gómez,Regino; Pat,Juan M; Álvarez,José D; Pérez,Julián; Ortiz,Carlos F.
M.I. Saldaña y Hernández, R. Gómez, J.M. Pat, J.D. Álvarez, J. Pérez, and C.F. Ortiz. 2013. The socioeconomic and technical status of cut flower producers in Tabasco, México. Cien. Inv. Agr. 40(1):5-15. Floriculture in Tabasco, Mexico is part of a diversification and increasing agricultural income, which has the potential for outstanding growth. To determine the socioeconomic status as well as the technical advancement of this sector, surveys were conducted of cut flower producers and combined with official statistics. Socioeconomic and technological indicators showed that 38% of the producers had a high standard of living and 69% of farmers had three or more years of experience in flower cultivation. Most farmers owned their land (66%), and their...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Florists; Socioeconomic levels; Technological usage; Tropical flowers.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000100001

Influence of calcium chloride concentration on the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of tofu
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Leiva,Javier; Rodríguez,Valeria; Muñoz,Elias.
The aim of this research is to evaluate the sensory texture and influence of calcium chloride concentration on the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of tofu. Samples were prepared from reconstituted soy milk (12% total solids). Calcium chloride at two different concentrations (0.3 and 0.5%) was used as a coagulant. pH, fat content, humidity and total solids were measured. Quantitative descriptive analysis was used to evaluate the sensory properties of springiness, hardness, friability, deformability, adhesiveness and cohesiveness. Correlations were significant (P &lt; 0.05) between cohesiveness and hardness and between pH and adhesiveness. Using correspondence analysis, the panelists described tofu to be firm and elastic when using the lowest...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Fluidity; Ideal concept; Soy; Texture.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202011000300013

Efficient protocols for the extraction of microbial DNA from the rhizosphere of hydrophilic forests in Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Cáceres,Pablo; Cordero,Cecilia; González,Gloria; Quiroz,Karla; Bobadilla,Juan C; Bravo,Carmen; Caligari,Peter D.S; Carrasco,Basilio; García-Gonzales,Rolando.
A lysis buffer-based protocol (Protocol BA), a modified lysis buffer-based protocol (Protocol BA Mod) and a commercial extraction kit (Protocol PS Kit) (Power Soil, Mo bio Laboratories, CA USA) were each evaluated for their ability to produce high-quality DNA with yields sufficient to allow its use in biodiversity studies. Similarly, the effect of liquid nitrogen on the process of cell disruption in all of the protocols that were studied. DNA yields ranged from 12.4 ng g-1 of processed soil to 9620 ng g-1 using the modified lysis buffer and commercial extraction kit, respectively. The quality of the DNA was determined by the ability of the DNA to produce efficient and reproducible polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products, using primers for universal 16S...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Hydrophilic forests; 16S ribosomal RNA; PCR; Rhizosphere; Soil DNA extraction.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000300018

The alternative control of powdery mildew complex (Leveillula taurica and Erysiphe sp.) in tomato in the Azapa Valley, Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Sepúlveda-Chavera,Germán; Salvatierra-Martínez,Ricardo; Andía-Guardia,Rodrigo.
The powdery mildew complex (Leveillula taurica and Erysiphe sp.) is one of the major factors limiting tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) production in the Azapa Valley, Chile. This problem is especially severe in the case of protected crops because the options for the treatment of these crops with chemical fungicides are limited. This study evaluated the effects of 0.5 and 1.0 kg100 L-1 Ospo-V55® and 10% raw cow's milk on tomato leaflets infected by powdery mildew complex. Ospo-V55®, with active ingredients consisting of 10% p/p of algae extract (IB-101) and 0.8% of microorganism concentrate, was evaluated in this study. Ospo-V55® contains flavonoids, alkaloids and phenols, oligo- and polysaccharides, 8.6% protein, 0.5% magnesium and trace amounts of...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Alternative product; Conidial germination; Ospo-V55®; Powdery mildew; Raw cow's milk; Severity; Tomato; Valle de Azapa.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000100010

Ethanol from lignocellulosic biomass
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Abril,Diana; Abril,Alejandro.
Ethanol is the liquid combustible that has become the most promising alternative substitute for gasoline because of the experience gained in its production, the possibility of mixing it with gasoline in different proportions, the possibility of using the existing gasoline distribution infrastructure, and the fact that major changes in engines are not required for its use. Lignocelluloses offer great potential as a biomass source for ethanol production, although their use still requires in-depth analysis with an objective and holistic focus that includes present and future technologic implications. The present article reviews current knowledge about the characteristics and sources of vegetable biomass, as well as the development and possibilities for...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Alcoholic fermentation; Energy; Ethanol; Lignocellulosic ethanol; Vegetable biomass.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202009000200003

Comparison of relative abundance and diversity of coccinellids (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.), under two production systems in the La Araucanía Region, Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Vera,Marcela; Aguilera,Alfonso; Rebolledo,Ramón.
Coccinellids have been used, throughout the world, in biological control programs of agriculture pests. In Chile this family has been studied by various authors, which addresses issues such as biology, predatory activity and distribution in herbaceous species, shrubs and trees, but their situation in blueberries, where there is an abundance of species, is unknown Coccinellid beetles were counted visually on two blueberry orchards, under organic and conventional management. This study was conducted at the Maquehue Experiment Station, in the central valley of "La Araucanía Región" in southern Chile, from September 2007 through May 2008 and was divided into two periods: from September 2007 through February 2008 with visual counts only on the foliage of the...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Blueberries; Coccinellids; Eriopis connexa; Eriopis eschscholtzii; Hyperaspis sphaeridioides.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202010000200012

Double purpose wheat: correlation analysis of forage yield components
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Morant,Alicia; Merchán,Héctor; Lutz,Eugenio.
The direct and relative contribution of characters associated with forage production were evaluated in a comparative assay of wheat cultivars to contribute to an ideotype defnition when selecting double purpose material for forage and grain production. Simple correlations for all of the possible combinations among the measured variables were calculated. The correlation partition method, known as path coeffcient, was applied to determine the causes of this association and to measure the relative importance of each factor. Forage production during the vegetative period was measured for each variety at the dates in which the apex reached the double ridge state (3 - 4 in the Nerson scale). The double ridge state was considered the deadline of the vegetative...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Correlation; Forage yield; Path coeffcient analysis; Triticum; Yield components; Wheat.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202010000100005

Productívíty of cassava and other crops in an intercropping system
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Silva,Daniel V; Ferreira,Evander A; Oliveira,Maxwel C; Pereira,Gustavo A. M; Braga,Renan R; dos Santos,José B; Aspiazu,Ignácio; Souza,Matheus F.
Intercropping is a common practice among farmers in tropical regions of the world and has persisted for years, not only for traditional reasons, but also for certain advantages that helped in its ecological adaptation. In regard to low income farmers with small areas for cultivation, more attention should be given to the cost of production and better land management. Thus, the aim of this work was to determine the best intercropping system of cassava with other crops. The experiment was conducted in an area belonging to the cassava (Manihot esculenta) producers of the Planalto de Minas district in Diamantina, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The treatments comprised cassava intercropped with maize, beans and dwarf pigeon pea, as well as controls with and...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Area equivalence index; Harvest index; Manihot esculenta; Policultivation systems.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202016000100015

Control of potato early blight with triazole fungicide using preventive and curative spraying, or a forecasting system
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Mantecón,Jorge D.
During the 2005 and 2006 growing seasons, two field trials were conducted at the INTA Balcarce Experimental Station (Argentina) to study the control of potato early blight (Alternaria solani). Uncut virus-free seed tubers of potato (Solanum tuberosum) cv. Pampeana PNTA that were susceptible to early blight and resistant to late blight were machine planted in 0.20-m intervals in rows spaced 0.8 mapart. Each plot consisted of 4 rows that were 5 meters long. Difenoconazole (Bogard 25EC) was sprayed weekly at a rate of 0.25 L· ha-1 or bi-weekly at a rate of 0.50 L· ha-1 on a preventive program and on a curative program. The same treatments and rates were also applied when the forecast model (Specware 6.02) reached 300 P-Days after emergence, and applications...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Alternaria solani; Argentina; Disease control; Early blight; Potato; Prediction model; Solanum tuberosum.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202009000200013

Grape and wine phenolics: Observations and recent findings
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Kennedy,James A.
What consumers taste in wine is the culmination of management practices from the vineyard to the glass. As researchers, in order to have control over the composition of wine at the time of consumption, it is important to understand how production practices affect wine chemistry. Because phenolic compounds are so important to the overall quality of wine, they are the subject of intense investigation throughout the world. This review is a summary of current knowledge and some recent findings that have taken place in this area.
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Anthocyanins; Proanthocyanidins; Red wine; Tannins; Vitis vinifera.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202008000200001

Soils suppressive against Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici identified under wheat crop monoculture in southern Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Andrade,Orlando; Campillo,Ricardo; Peyrelongue,Amelia; Barrientos,Leticia.
Improved knowledge of the biological phenomenon of soil suppressiveness is critical for the management and biological control of soil-borne pathogens. Andisols, which are located in southern Chile, show very high conduciveness to the take-all disease of wheat caused by the fungal soil-borne pathogen Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici. However, no previous reports have investigated suppressive soils in this important wheat-producing area. The first part of this study was conducted to identify soils suppressive to the take-all disease, and will be followed by a characterization of its microflora to identify potential bio-control agents against the fungal pathogen. Based on the transferability of suppressiveness into the same sterile soil background, 20...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Biological control; Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici; Take-all suppressive soils.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202011000300004

Phytostabilization of massive mine wastes with native phytogenetic resources: potential for sustainable use and conservation of the native flora in north-central Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Orchard,Cristina; León-Lobos,Pedro; Ginocchio,Rosanna.
The mining industry has left an important legacy of inadequately abandoned tailing storage facilities (TSFs) in the north-central area of Chile, and they may pose environmental risks. The Chilean government has recently established new regulations governing the closure of TSFs, and these regulations favor the use of environmentally sustainable technologies. Among these technologies is phytostabilization, which can use native plant species that may also have economic and/or subsistence value. Phytostabilization programs based on sustainably maintained native species could also contribute to the conservation of both local flora and regional ecosystems in north-central Chile. The main objective of this study was to use the Coquimbo region as a case study area...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Mine tailings; Mining; Natural resources; Rehabilitation; Sustainable management; Valuation of natural resources.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202009000300002

The medicinal value of honey: a review on its benefits to human health, with a special focus on its effects on glycemic regulation
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Cortés,Manuel E; Vigil,Pilar; Montenegro,Gloria.
Honey, a natural substance produced by honeybees, is composed of a complex mixture of carbohydrates, water, and a small amount of proteins, vitamins, minerals, and phenolic compounds. Fructose, glucose and maltose are among the various types of sugars present in honey. Used for millennia as both food and medicine, honey has been associated with improved antioxidant capacity, modulation of the immune system, antimicrobial activities, influence on lipid values (through antihypercholesterolemic effects) and regulation of glycemic responses, among other benefits. The aim of this article was to review the effects of natural honey intake on human health, with particular reference to its influence on glycemic regulation. Several studies have focused on the...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Diabetes; Flavonoids; Glycemic regulation; Honey; Insulin resistance; Nutraceuticals; Nutrition.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202011000200015

Effects of Phaeomoniella chlamydospora ana Phaeoacremonium aleophilum on grapevine rootstocks
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Díaz,Gonzalo A; Esterio,Marcela; Auger,Jaime.
Cuttings of five grapevine (Vitis vinifera) rootstocks were wounded and immediately inoculated with suspensions (approximately 5x10³ conidia- mL-1) of either Phaeomoniella chlamydospora, Phaeoacremonium aleophilum or a mixture of both species. The presence of these endophyte fungi affected the quality of each of the five rootstocks. Among the roostocks investigated in this study, 1103P and 101-14 MG were less susceptible to the infection caused by Pa. chlamydospora wd Pm. aleophillum.
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Endophytes fungi; Fungal diseases; Petri disease; Vitis vinifera; Wood fungi.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202009000300005

Refrigeration logistics operations and perishable transport costs in groupage loads: an application for Spanish exports in Europe
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: González-Moralejo,Silvia Andrés.
In this paper, we analyze the current Spanish tariff system as applied by low-temperature distribution companies on transport in part loads of perishable freight that are destined to Spain's main European export markets. Using 2008 data that have been directly obtained from a sample of transport companies, the price structure is formulated by making a distinction between ordinary and final prices and their respective variables. Next, the price structure is compared to the mean production costs. According to our calculations, we can state that the tariffs of distribution companies depend on the mean total cost, and they are estimated by using final prices calculated expressly for every customer. Finally, this paper outlines directions for future empirical...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Discount; Mean costs; Perishable freight; Prices; Road transport.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000200003

Genetic divergence of parents and F2 segregation in grain Amaranths
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Milan Pandey,Ram.
Twenty six accessions of grain Amaranths (Amaranthus hypochondriacus), including both indigenous and exotic introductions, were evaluated in the rabi season (winter crop, November-March). Based on D² analysis, the accessions were grouped into eleven clusters. Clusters I, II, and III had seven, four, and three accessions, respectively; clusters VII, VIII, IX and X had only one accession in each case. The accession in cluster V had the greatest divergence, closely followed by those of clusters IV and I. The maximum and minimum divergences were revealed between clusters VIII and XI and between II and VIL respectively. The pattern of clustering did not show any relationship with geographic origin. In a study of pattern of F2 segregation in 25 crosses involving...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Amaranthus hypochondriacus; D² statistics; Genetic diversity; Grain amaranths.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202009000100007

Determination of spatiotemporal stability of corn head smut(Sporisorium reilianum) by SADIE
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Ramírez-Dávila,José F; Sánchez-Pale,Jesús R; Porcayo-Camargo,Elvia; de León,Carlos.
Recently, S. reilianum has caused significant ecological and economic damage in the maize-producing areas of Mexico and other countries. Knowledge about the spatiotemporal stability and distribution of the disease is important for the development of integrated management programs. The present study was performed to model the spatial distribution of S. reilianum from 2006 to 2009 using geostatistic techniques and to determine the spatiotemporal stability of corn head smut via a spatial analysis by distance indices (SADIE) and the Cramer-von Mises test. The incidence of the disease was determined in 100 corn parcels located in Santa Magdalena Valle de Bravo Municipality, and the parcel locations were determined with dGPS. The spatial distribution analysis...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Geostatistics; SADIE; Spatial distribution; Spatiotemporal stability; Sphacelotheca; Zea mays.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000300006

Relations fecal coliforms/ fecal Streptococci as indicators of the origin of fecal pollution in urban and rural water bodies of Temuco, Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Rivera,Reinaldo; de Los Ríos,Patricio; Contreras,Ángel.
The presence of alloctone bacteria isconsidered as one of the more important biological pollutants of water bodies, existing one close relation between the fecal contamination indicators and the existence of urban and industrial zones. In the present study we utilized indicators of fecal contamination (coliforms and streptococci) and the coliform/streptococci index (FC/FE) for determine the origin of fecal pollution in two water bodies of Temuco, Northern Campus at north surrounding of Temuco, and Rucamanque source that is located in a rural zone. It utilized the multiple assays number for obtain the bacteria more probable number in 100 mi of water sample. It was done the correlations between microbiological indicators and physic-chemical variables. The...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Fecal pollution; Fecal indicator; Coliforms; Streptococci.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202010000200014

Colonization of blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) plantlets by ericoid mycorrhizae under nursery conditions
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Carrillo,Rubén; Guerrero,Jaime; Rodríguez,Mario; Meriño-Gergichevich,Cristian.
R. Carrillo, J. Guerrero, M. Rodríguez, and C. Meriño-Gergichevich. 2015. Colonization of blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) plantlets by ericoid mycorrhizae under nursery conditions. Cien. Inv. Agr. 42(3): 365-374. The ericoid mycorrhiza is a symbiotic interaction that contributes to the improvement of the establishment and production of blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.). The objectives of this paper were to assess the frequency (%) and intensity (%) of the colonization and growth of blueberry plantlets inoculated with ericoid mycorrhizae collected from three different edaphoclimatic conditions in the La Araucanía region of southern Chile under nursery conditions. Plantlets of three blueberry cultivars ("Brigitta", "Duke" and "Legacy") were grown...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Blueberry; Ericoid mycorrhizae; Micorrhizal colonization.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202015000300005

Saline-boron stress in northern Chile olive accessions: water relations, B and Cl contents and impact on plant growth
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Escobar,Hugo; Lara,Nelson; Zapata,Yubinza; Urbina,Camilo; Rodriguez,Manuel; Figueroa,Leonardo.
H. Escobar, N. Lara, Y. Zapata, C. Urbina, M. Rodriguez, and L. Figueroa. 2013. Saline-boron stress in northern Chile olive accessions: water relations, B and Cl contents and impact on plant growth. Cien. Inv. Agr. 40(3): 597-607. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of saline-boron stress on the vegetative growth, dry leaf weight, water potential (&amp;#936;w), relative water content, and leaf and root B and Cl- contents in 8 accessions of olive. Rooted one-year-old plants were cultivated for 132 days with 50% shading in 5-L pots containing sand substrate and watered with Jensen's nutrient solution. After eight days of uniform ferti-irrigation, the plants were exposed to saline-boron stress, which was administered in three successive...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Boron; Chloride; Olive; Salinity; Water relations.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000300012

Effect of water availability on physiological performance and lettuce crop yield (Lactuca sativa)
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Molina-Montenegro,Marco A; Zurita-Silva,Andrés; Oses,Rómulo.
Water is essential for plants, affecting the majority of the physiological processes related to growth and productivity. Water shortage is one of the most common factors that limit crop productivity worldwide. Many cultivars have elevated water requirements, nevertheless in some countries due to global climate change effects, the availability of water for irrigation is becoming limited. In fact, current models of climate changes predict that central Chile will be a sensitive zone where precipitation will drastically decrease. In this study, the variation of gas exchange and production of fresh biomass in a lettuce cultivar, grown under different water availability regimes, was evaluated. Additionally, the concentration of total soluble sugar and water use...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Soluble sugars; Water use efficiency; Water shortage; Lettuce; Photosynthetic rate.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202011000100006

The forage yield of Gliricidia sepium during the rainy and dry seasons following pruning management in Brazil
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Edvan,Ricardo L; Carneiro,Maria S. de S; Magalhães,João A; Albuquerque,Daiane R; Silva,Mickson S. de M; Bezerra,Leilson R; Oliveira,Ronaldo L; Santos,Edson M.
Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Steud. shows relatively little growth variation due to climatic differences throughout the year and between years. The purpose of this study was to evaluate various cutting strategies for the management of Gliricidia for forage production in dry and rainy periods of the year. A randomized-block factorial experimental design (12 x 2) was used for the study. The factorial setup consisted of 12 pruning management treatments (cuttings at 45, 60, 75 and 90 days with 30, 60 and 90 cm residual heights) and two periods (dry and rainy season) with four replicates. There were significant interactions between the management regime and the season for plant height, stem diameter, stem diameter and the weight of both fresh and dry forage. The...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Brazilian northeast region; Forage production; Gliricidia sepium; Legumes.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202014000300003

Efecto del tamaño de trampas adhesivas amarillas para el muestreo de Frankliniella occidentalis en pimiento (Capsicum annum) en invernadero
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Carrizo,Paola.
Las trampas adhesivas cromáticas son comercializadas y recomendadas en diversos colores y tamaños. Si bien ha sido verificada la eficiencia relativa para varios grupos de insectos respecto del color, no se hallaron referencias respecto a su tamaño. El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar la relación entre el tamaño de trampa y su eficacia relativa en la captura de Frankliniella occidentalis en pimiento en invernadero. Se utilizaron trampas amarillas de cinco tamaños, entre 100 y 750 cm² en un diseño de bloques completos al azar (DBCA, n=5) y durante 3 campañas consecutivas (13 fechas = 5,4 y 4). Se utilizaron ANOVA, Tukey y Regresión lineal (alfa = 0,05). Se determinó el tamaño adecuado de muestra (número de trampas) para los diversos tamaños y para un...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Pestes; Pimiento; Plagas; Tamaño de trampa; Trampas adhesivas amarillas; Trips.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202008000200008

Management, production, and nutritional characteristics of cup-plant (Silphium perfoliatum) in temperate climates of southern Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Pichard,Gastón.
There is little information known about the response of cup-plant (Silphiumperfoliatum L.), a perennial forage crop introduced to Chile, to differing cultivation practices. A series of studies was conducted to evaluate the adaptation and productivity of cup-plant across a range of plant densities (104,000 - 208,000 plants ha-1), cutting stages (early vegetative to seed formation), and different levels of N (0 - 400 kg N ha-1) and P (0 - 400 kg P2O5 ha-1) fertilization. Field experiments (40°S 73°W) were conducted over a 3-yr period in a subhumid, Mediterranean climate on three distinct andisols that originated from volcanic ash, with pH values of 5.2 to 5.6. The forage dry matter yield, plant components (stem count, stem diameter, plant height, and...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Cup-plant; Cutting frequency; Fertilization; Forage crop; Nutritional quality; Population density.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000100005

A characterization of Chilean farmers based on their market-production orientation
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Echeverría,Rodrigo; Moreira,Víctor; Barrena,José; Gopinath,Munisamy.
Chile's open trade policy, implemented during the last few decades, has greatly transformed Chilean farmers and their production systems. As a result, farmers can be grouped into three categories based on their market-production orientation: domestic, transitional or export producers. The objective of this paper is to analyze the factors underlying the decision to produce for a particular market and compare the three groups of farmers based on data from the 2007 agricultural census. A generalized ordered logit model was used to analyze different methods of production, and non-parametric methods were used to compare the groups. Results show that some farmers change categories in sequence; farmers that produce for the domestic market can later produce for...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural trade; Export production; Generalized ordered logit model; Market.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000200002

Extraction of Soluble Polysaccharides from Grape Skins
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Gil Cortiella,Mariona; Peña-Neira,Álvaro.
Obtaining polysaccharides from grape cell walls is an interesting topic for the wine industry given its implications with regards to wine treatments and potential sensory attributes. In the present work, several conditions (i.e., a chelating agent, pH, titratable acidity, extraction time, number of successive extractions, solid to liquid ratio and alcoholic fermentation) were tested to assess their effects on the yield of soluble polysaccharides obtained from grape skins. Among the four tested solvents (i.e., water, tartaric acid, ammonium oxalate, and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid), aqueous ammonium oxalate was the most effective for polysaccharide extraction but also produced the highest amount of protein impurities. Increasing the number of successive...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Carménère; Extraction; Grape skin polysaccharides; Pectin; Polysaccharides; Wine.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202017000100009

Stability analysis of forage production in Bromus catharticus (prairie grass) using three methodologies
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Abbott,Liliana; Filippini,Susana; Delfino,Hugo; Pistorale,Susana.
Thirteen genotypes of Bromus catharticus (prairie grass) were evaluated for forage production over three years using completely randomized trials with six replicates. The genotype x environment interaction was statistically significant and indicates that the behavior of genotypes differs over time. Once this interaction was detected, we used three methodologies to assess the stability of genotypes: Wricke's ecovalence, the Lin and Binns index, and the Eberhart and Russell model. The methods of Lin and Binns and Eberhart and Russell indicate that genotypes 11, 9, 3 and 4 are stable. They also rule out possible selection of genotypes 2, 10, 1 and 12 for lack of stability or poor adaptation. The correlation among these indices was statistically significant...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Bromus; Forage production; Genotype-environment interaction; Phenotypic stability; Prairie grass.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000200009

Improvement in nutritional quality of fibrous food via in vitro digestion by Aspergillus niger
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Velásquez,Alejandro; Marnet,Pierre-Guy; Arias,Rodrigo.
In a first experiment, the effect of in vitro incubation with Aspergillus niger (An) on the chemical composition of different fibrous substrates was studied. In a second experiment, the effect of incubation time (0,72 and 144 h) on in vitro digestion with An of dry matter (IVDMD), neutral detergent fiber (DVNDF) and acid detergent fiber (DVADF) was evaluated for different substrates. Wheat straw, WS; barley straw, BS; oat hulls, OH; dehydrated alfalfa, DA; and dehydrated ryegrass, DB substrates were evaluated. In both experiments, incubations were performed in 250 mL Erlenmeyer flasks; 2 g of substrate was added to a culture medium (pH = 6), and incubated at 28 °C with constant ventilation. The An dose consisted of 3 mL of a solution of 5.3 &amp;#967;...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Aspergillus niger; Fibrous substrates; In vitro digestion; Nutritional quality.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202015000100005

Fatty acid profile, quality lipid index and bioactive compounds of flour from grape residues
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Lopes,Leilane D; Böger,Bruna R; Cavalli,Kelen F; Silveira-Júnior,José F. dos S.; Osório,Daniel V. C. L.; de Oliveira,Débora F; Luchetta,Luciano; Tonial,Ivane B.
L.D. Lopes, B.R. Böger, K.F. Cavalli, J.F. dos S. Silveira-Júnior, D.V.C.L. Osório, D.F. de Oliveira, L. Luchetta, and I.B. Tonial. 2014. Fatty acid profile, quality lipid index and bioactive compounds of flour from grape residues. Cien. Inv. Agr. 41(2): 225-234. The present study evaluated the proximate composition, the nutrition indexes of lipids and the presence of biologically active compounds in the flour of bagasse from grapes cultivated by conventional (CC) and organic (OC) methods. CC flour had high percentages of proteins, lipids, calories and saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids. On the other hand, OC flour had higher percentages of polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, ash and carbohydrates. The results...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Bioactive compound; Byproduct; Grape bagasse; Lipid quality.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202014000200009

Gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea limits grape production in Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Latorre,Bernardo A; Elfar,Karina; Ferrada,Enrique E.
Gray mold (GM) caused by Botrytis cinerea is a major disease of grapes (Vitis vinifera) that substantially reduces the yield and quality of grape production in temperate and humid regions of the world. B. cinerea is a necrotrophic fungus that attacks the non-lignified aerial organs of grapes; in particular, berries are highly susceptible during ripening. The polycyclic nature and exponential progress exhibited by GM at the beginning of the its epidemic, as well as the abundant inoculum production, the high dissemination efficiency, the wide host range and the high genetic variability of B. cinerea, explain the difficulties encountered in attempting to control GM. At present, integrated disease management, including cultural and chemical control, is the...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Botryotinia fuckeliana; Bunch rot; Epidemiology; Fungicides; Necrotroph; Vitis vinifera.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202015000300001

Abundance and prevalence of Aphidius avenae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) in Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Peñalver-Cruz,Ainara; Ortiz-Martínez,Sebastián; Villegas,Cinthya; Tomanovic,Zeljko; Zepeda-Paulo,Francisca; Zikic,Vladimir; Lavandero,Blas.
Abstract During the samplings described here, Aphidius avenae (=picipes) (Haliday, 1834) was collected. This species has been reported in Chile but has never been studied in terms of its relative abundance and prevalence in central and southern Chile by using classical or molecular methods. The composition of the parasitoid assemblages on several cereal aphid hosts was examined for three seasons in agricultural landscapes. In this note, we describe the prevalence of this parasitoid species in cereal aphids and other aphid hosts and discuss the abundance of this parasitoid compared to other aphid parasitoids and the probable origins of this important aphid parasitoid species in Chile. The results indicate that A. avenae has a low prevalence compared to...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Aphids; Braconidae; Hosts; Parasitoids; Tomato; Wheat.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202017000200207

Effects of the foliar application of methanol on the yield and growth of rice (Oryza sativa cv. Shiroudi)
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Abbasian,Abouzar; Mirshekari,Bahram; Safarzade Vishekaei,Mohammad N; Rashidi,Varahram; Aminpanah,Hashem.
Effects of the foliar application of methanol on the yield and growth of rice (Oryza sativa cv. Shiroudi). Cien. Inv. Agr. 43(1):17-24. Approximately two decades have passed since it was reported that the foliar application of methanol increased plant biomass and yield. Many subsequent reports have been published concerning the ability or inability to reproduce these initial observations. To evaluate the effect of methanol on rice (Oryza sativa cv. Shiroudi) yield and rice components, a field experiment was conducted at the Tonekabon Rice Research Station in Iran in 2012 and 2013. The experiment had a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates. The plants were treated with aqueous methanol solutions (0, 6, 12, 18, and 24% (v/v))....
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Aqueous methanol solution; Correlation; Glycine; Grain yield; Growth; Rice; Tween 80 as a surfactant.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202016000100002

Efecto de la fertilización nitrogenada sobre el rendimiento y el color de cultivares de ajo (Allium sativum) colorado
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Gaviola,Silvia; Lipinski,Víctor M.
El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de la fertilización nitrogenada sobre el rendimiento y color de cultivares de ajo (Allium sativum L.) colorado. El estudio se realizó en condiciones de campo en el INTA, EEA La Consulta, Mendoza, Argentina. El diseño experimental fue en parcelas divididas dispuestas en bloques completos al azar de tres repeticiones. El factor dosis de nitrógeno (0,75,150 225 y 300 kg•ha-1 de N) se asignó a las parcelas principales y los cultivares Fuego, Sureño, Gostoso, INCO 30 y Rubí a las subparcelas. El color de los dientes del ajo se determinó con la ayuda de un reflectómetro Minolta modelo CR-400. Los cultivares y la dosis de fertilización nitrogenada tuvo un efecto significativo (p &lt; 0,0001) sobre los rendimientos...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Ajo color fertilización; Nitrógeno reflectrometría.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202008000100007

Growth analysis of potted gerbera conducted with mineral fertilization and organic fertigation
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: dos Santos,Francielly T; Ludwig,Fernanda; Costa,Luiz A. de M; Costa,Mônica S. S. de M; Remor,Marcelo B; Silva,Plínio E. R.
Potted gerbera is an ornamental plant that is widely commercialized in Brazilian markets. However, information on cultivation techniques is needed to meet growing demand, especially with regard to fertilization. This study was carried out to assess the growth of potted gerbera, Florist Red Black cultivar, with mineral and organic fertilization. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse located at UNIOESTE - Cascavel Campus - PR. The experimental design was composed of randomized blocks with four replicates and five treatments. Treatments were defined according to the fertilization source, which were mineral (NPK) and organic. Organic fertilizers were obtained by diluting in water four organic composts from agroindustrial-waste composting processes....
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Agroindustry residues; Gerbera jamesonii; Net assimilation rate.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202016000100010

Analysis of international competitive positioning of quality wine from Spain
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Castillo,Juan Sebastián; García,Mª Carmen.
J.S. Castillo, and M.C. García. 2013. Analysis of international competitive positioning of quality wine from Spain. Cien. Inv. Agr. 40(3): 491-501. The global vitiviniculture sector is undergoing systemic and thorough changes. Spain occupies a privileged position in the global industry, ranking first in surface area, third in production and second in export volume. In recent years, domestic consumption has experienced a clear and pronounced decline, as observed in France and Italy. Therefore, exportation has become the main commercial avenue for table and quality wine. In Spain, designated quality wine represents 50% of total production and has experienced commercial dynamics in international markets that differ from those affecting table wine. The object...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural economics; Competitiveness; Designation of origin; Foreign trade; Panel data; Quality wine.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000300003

The effects of centrifugal pruning on fruiting structure production in Royal Gala apples
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Raffo,María Dolores; Rodríguez,Rodolfo; Mañueco,Lucía.
Proper sunlight distribution in the tree canopy during the fruit-bud initiation period could increase the number of fruits and the quality of fruit development in the following year. Through winter pruning, it is possible to remove all side structures developed at the center of the tree and on the undersides of the branches. In the following spring, this pruning method produces a tube-shaped area in the canopy center that improves the penetration and distribution of light from the central axis to the canopy periphery. This approach produces a better light level at the sites where fruit-bud initiation occurs. An experiment was performed on apples cv. Royal Gala grafted on EM 9 to quantify the benefits of centrifugal pruning for return bloom. The Royal...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Apples; Floral induction; Fruit structures.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202011000200008

Predatory capacity of Adalia angulifera (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) larvae on Myzocallis coryli (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Aguilera,Alfonso; Neculmán,Rodrigo; Rebolledo,Ramón.
In La Araucanía, the filbert aphid Myzocallis coryli (Goeze) is a pest that can cause various types of damage to hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) including reduction in nut size and nut emptiness. M. coryli can also leave hazel leaves susceptible to the fungus known as fumagina (Capnodium sp.), which causes decreased photosynthesis, particularly during the period when the tree is storing reserves for the following season. Knowledge about the natural enemies of M. coryli in Chile is in its early stages compared with other countries where the hazelnut crop is more extensive. Indeed, only 13 entomophagous predators have been recorded in La Araucanía thus far, including one Hemerobiidae, one Syrphidae, one Cecidomyiidae and ten Coccinellidae. Of this last...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Biological control; Coccinellidae; Control hazelnut pests; Filbert aphid; Hazelnut.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202014000100008

Parámetros agrícolas de ocho cultivares de algodón (Gossypium hirsutum) obtenidos en Cuba
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Vinent,Enrique; Fajardo,Odelín.
Se determinaron las correlaciones de las variables: rendimiento de algodón (Gossypium hirsutum) rama y pluma, peso por bellota, altura y perímetro de la planta y el número de bellotas por planta a ocho cultivares de algodón obtenidos en Cuba. El rendimiento de algodón rama y el pluma se correlacionaron negativamente con la altura de la planta. Del mismo modo se correlacionaron negativamente la altura y el perímetro de la planta con el número de bellotas cosechadas por planta. El peso de la bellota no estuvo correlacionado con las variables estudiadas. Mediante la aplicación de técnicas de análisis multivariados y análisis de varianza se seleccionaron los cultivares más promisorios. Hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los cultivares en...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Algodón pluma; Algodón rama; Correlaciones; Cultivar; Gossypium hirsutum; Mejoramiento de planta; Variables.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202007000200008

Peteca rind pitting as influenced by proline content in winter lemon albedo
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Fichet,Thomas; Chamorro,Jorge; Riquelme,Alejandro.
One of the most important problems in lemon growing is the physiological disorder known as "peteca", which is characterized by causing cell dehydration and death in the albedo tissue with a subsequent necrosis of the surface zone of the fruit. This damage shows characteristics quite similar to those resulting from chilling injury in citrus fruit, where surface damage of fruit and dehydration of albedo cells also occur. Resistance to chilling injury shown by grapefruit would be related to increased proline content in the albedo (Purbis, 1981). In this study, proline content of lemons cv. "Fino" 49 from two groves, one in Curacaví (33°25.778 S - 71°02.292 W, 196 m above sea level) and the other in Mallarauco (33°94.984 S - 70°58.921 W, 269 m above sea...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Citrus limon; Low temperatures; Physiological disorder.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000100017

Yield, yield features, phytochemical composition, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Abutilon indicum cultivated under different fertilizers
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Yaldiz,Gulsum; Yildirim,Arzu Birinci; Arici,Yeliz Kasko; Camlica,Mahmut.
G. Yaldiz, A. B. Yildirim, Y. K. Arici, and M. Camlica. 2016. Yield, yield features, phytochemical composition, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Abutilon indicum cultivated under different fertilizers. Cien. Inv. Agr. 43(3):464-475. Abutilon indicum (Link) Sweet is an important medicinal plant that has been used in traditional medicine for centuries, and it is one ofthe novel crops being used in the pharmaceutical industry. Agricultural practices that produce high drug yield and desired secondary metabolites are in high demand by pharmaceutical-related industries; therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the leaf and seed yield, crude oil yield, crude oil composition, total phenolic content, and the antioxidant and antibacterial...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Biological activity; CAN; Crude oil; Fertilizer; NPK; Yield; Aceite crudo; Actividad biológica; CAN; Fertilizante; NPK; Rendimiento.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202016000300012

Potato Field Guide, Insects, Diseases and Defects Eugenia Banks
Provedor de dados: 118
Tipo: Journal article
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202007000100009

A statistical approach for assessing the heterogeneity of Hass avocados subjected to different postharvest abiotic stresses
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Fuentealba,Claudia; Pedreschi,Romina; Hernández,Ignacia; Saavedra,Jorge.
C. Fuentealba, R. Pedreschi, I. Hernández, and J. Saavedra. 2016. A statistical approach for assessing the heterogeneity of Hass avocados subjected to different postharvest abiotic stresses. Cien. Inv. Agr. 43(3):356-365. Hass avocado (Persea americana Mill.) is marketed worldwide. Due to its complex physiology, a wide variability in postharvest ripening can be observed, i.e., heterogeneity in the number of days to reach edible ripeness. There is a need for a simple and objective method for evaluating the efficacy of postharvest treatments in the reduction of this postharvest ripening heterogeneity given the high demand of import countries for consistent quality and product homogeneity. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the appropriateness of...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Avocados; Heterogeneity; Multiple comparison; Ripening; Standard deviation.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202016000300002

Seasonal pattern of root growth in relation to shoot phenology and soil temperature in sweet cherry trees (Prunus avium): A preliminary study in central Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Bonomelli,Claudia; Bonilla,Carlos; Acuña,Edouard; Artacho,Pamela.
The period between flowering and harvest in the sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) is shorter than most fruit trees; thus, competition for assimilate and nutrients occurs early in the season. To properly supply water and nutrients during this critical period, optimal growth and root development are necessary. To characterize the root growth pattern of cherry trees in relation to shoot growth and phenology, a study was conducted on a 'Bing' cherry orchard on Gisela 6 rootstock at fourth leaf, located in central Chile (34°70' S, 70°43' W). During the 2009-2010 season, the shoot length and fruit diameter were measured on eight trees, and the root length was quantified by installing rhizotrons on two trees. Additionally, a two-tone (black/white) plastic cover was...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Accumulated degree days; Root growth; Root length; Soil temperature; Sweet cherry.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000100010

Temporal analysis of the reduction in gas emission in areas of mechanically-harvested sugarcane using satellite imagery
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Luna Arraes,Christiano; Camacho-Tamayo,Jesús; Tarlé Pissarra,Teresa; Bueno,Célia P; Campos,Sergio.
The primary objective of this study was to estimate the amount of gas not emitted into the air in areas cultivated with sugarcane (Saccharum offcinarum) that were mechanically harvested. Satellite images CBERS-2/CCD, from 08-13-2004, 08-14-2005, 08-15-2006 and 08-16-2007, of northwestern São Paulo State were processed using the Geographic Information System (GIS)-IDRISI 15.0. Areas of interest (the mechanically-harvested sugarcane felds) were identifed and quantifed based on the spectral response of the bands studied. Based on these data, the amount of gas that was not emitted was evaluated, according to the estimate equation proposed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The results of 396.65 km² (5.91% for 2004); 447.56 km² (6.67% for...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Geographic information system; Orbital image; Remote sensing; Saccharum offcinarum.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202010000100011

Classification of areas associated with soybean yield and agrometeorological variables through fuzzy clustering
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Coimbra de Araújo,Everton; Johann,Jerry A; Uribe-Opazo,Miguel A; Camargo,Eduardo C.G.
E.C. Araújo, J.A. Johann, M.A. Uribe-Opazo, and E.C.G. Camargo. 2013. Classification of areas associated with soybean yield and agrometeorological variables through fuzzy clustering. Cien. Inv. Agr. 40(3): 617-627. This study aimed to apply an approach based on fuzzy clustering for the classification of areas associated with soybean yield combined with the following agrometeorological variables: rainfall, average air temperature and average global solar radiation. The study was conducted with 48 municipalities in the western region of Paraná State, Brazil, with data from the crop-year 2007/2008. Through the fuzzy c-means algorithm, it was possible to form groups of municipalities that were similar in soybean yield using the Method of Decision by the Higher...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Agrometeorological variables; Classification of areas; Fuzzy c-Means; Methods of decision; Similarity index; Soybean yield.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000300014

Soil C/N influences the carbon flux and partitioning in control and fertilized mini-plots of Pinus radiata in New Zealand
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Bown,Horacio E; Watt,Michael S; Clinton,Peter W; Mason,Euan G.
Patterns of carbon flux and partitioning were examined in highly stocked (40,000 stems ha-1) control and fertilized mini-plots of Pinus radiata D. Don at five sites, which covered a wide climatic and edaphic gradient on the South Island of New Zealand. The gross-primary productivity (GPP) and the partitioning of the GPP to the above- and below-ground productivity and respiration were determined using a carbon budget approach. All of the components of the GPP, the above-ground net primary productivity (ANPP [r² = 0.67, P &amp;#8804; 0.01]), above-ground plant respiration (APR [r² = 0.66, P &amp;#8804; 0.01]), and total below-ground carbon flux (TBCF [r² = 0.41, P &amp;#8804; 0.01]) significantly increased with the GPP, but the ANPP:GPP, APR:GPP and TBCF:GPP...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Gross- primary productivity; Net-primary productivity; Nitrogen; Pinus radiata D. Don; Phosphorus; Total below-ground carbon flux; Whole carbon budget.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202011000200013

The role of biotechnology in agricultural production and food supply
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Cano Estrada,Araceli; Vélez Díaz,Daniel; Morgado Hernández,Carlos Alberto.
Over the past several decades, technological developments and modernization have grown concomitantly.For example, advances in biotechnology have been used as a tool to increase food production. Specifically, advances in genetic engineering have made possible the manipulation of crops to increase yield, guaranteeing food supplies for the increasing world population. However, transgenic crops have not been well received by all members of society, and there is still uncertainty about their social benefits and the possible implications to human health. Additionally, the benefits of agricultural modernization have favored only developed countries, whereas people living in developing and underdeveloped countries suffer rampant hunger, malnutrition and poverty....
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Development; Food industry; Nutrition; Organic food; Transgenic food.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202017000100001

Early individual growth of Eucryphia cordifolia and Laurelia sempervirens planted under different competition conditions in south-central Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Uteau,Daniel; Donoso,Pablo J.
Few studies have focused on forest research in plantations with Chilean native species midtolerant to shade. Such species may use resources that intolerant species cannot, increasing the total site productivity. This study aimed to define the factors that explain the growth of Euctyphia cordifolia Cav. and Laurelia sempervirens (Ruiz et Pavón) Tul., two midtolerant species of southern Chile. We sought to determine the effect on these species of competition in mixed-species plantations. At the time of this study, the plantations were 4 to 22 years old . Two competition indices were analyzed for each species: the Growing Space Polygon (GSP) and the Canopy Overlap (CO). The GSP proved to be very useful in predicting the growth in the older plantations where...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Competitionindex; Forest; Growth; Growing space polygon; Crown competition; Midtolerant species; Silviculture.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202009000100008

Description of space-time variability of the potential productivity of Acacia caven espinales based on MODIS images and the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI)
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Gerstmann,Catalina; Miranda,Marcelo; Condal,Alfonso.
Acacia caven espinales are important communities of sclerophyllus vegetation in central Chile. To increase its productivity, it is necessary to study the community’s condition, their relationships with the surrounding environment and the interactions between them. The present study was carried out in a series of three years: 2004, 2005 and 2006. The 68 EVI images used represent the amount of radiation absorbed and emitted (from a Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) for the vegetation, which is related to the photosynthetic performance. The results show that during the summer and autumn seasons, there was more space homogeneity and less photosynthetic activity and potential productivity of the communities; in winter and spring, the period in...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Acacia caven; Potential productivity; EVI; MODIS; Spatial anisotropy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202010000100006

Empirical attributes and limitations of methodologies for predicting the degradability of ruminal protein
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Velásquez,Alejandro; Rivero,Jordana; Marnet,Pierre-Guy.
The object of the present review is to analyze the methodologies that are commonly used to estimate protein degradability in the rumen, focusing on their attributes and limitations to offer suggestions for improving their use. This information is essential for selecting food types when formulating feed diets. A reliable prediction of the digestibility of ruminal proteins is basic information necessary for optimizing the use of nitrogenous sources because digestibility can translate, on the one hand, into higher yields of milk, milk protein, meat or wool and, on the other hand, into lower excretion of nitrogenous compounds into the environment; it also has an impact on animal health and welfare. Traditionally, the digestibility of feed proteins in the rumen...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Ruminal protein degradability; Methodologies; Limitations.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202016000200001

Effect of Chilean propolis on cariogenic bacteria Lactobacillus fermentum
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Saavedra,Nicolás; Barrientos,Leticia; Herrera,Christian L; Alvear,Marysol; Montenegro,Gloria; Salazar,Luis A.
Dental caries is an infectious disease of worldwide public health concern. Among the bacteria involved in this pathology are Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus and organisms belonging to the genera Actinomyces and Lactobacillus. The pharmaceutical industry is focussing on the discovery of new antibacterial products after a greater resistance to those already known. Propolis has been used since ancient times, so their effects against various microorganisms have been already investigated. In our study, we evaluated the antimicrobial effect of 6 commercial ethanolic propolis extracts on the bacterium Lactobacillus fermentum. This bacterium was isolated after its identification by Polymerase Chain Reaction using species specific primers, and after...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Lactobacillus fermentum; Dental caries; Propolis; Antibacterial activity.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202011000100011

Molluscicidal effects of saponin-rich plant extracts on the grey field slug
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: González-Cruz,Diego; San Martín,Ricardo.
D. Gonzalez-Cruz, and R. San Martin. 2013. Molluscicidal effects of saponin-rich plant extracts on the grey field slug. Cien. Inv. Agr. 40(2): 341-349. Slug control is a major concern in crop fields because these mollusks consume and damage plants that are destined for human consumption and ornamentation. The grey field slug Deroceras reticulatum (Müller, 1774) is one of the most commonly occurring mollusks with agronomic importance, consuming up to 80% of the leaf surface of raps and other crops. The major difficulty in slug control is that the main products used for this purpose can also endanger non-target animals, such as pets and birds. New methods of control that are naturally based and environmental friendly are urgently required, both for the...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Biopesticides; Camellia; Quillaja; Deroceras; Saponins; Slugs.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000200009

Power demand of a flail shredder during the harvest of pineapple fields
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Pérez de Corcho Fuentes,Jorge S; Garbati Pegna,Francesco; Iglesias Coronel,Ciro; García Reina,Francisco; Spugnoli,Paolo.
The power demand of the demolition of pineapple (Ananas comosus) fields, whose production cycle is finished with a flail mower with two different knives, a cutting apparatus with three angular velocities, and a tractor with three translation velocities, was determined using strain gage measures. The results of the investigations demónstrate the influence of the knife type and cinematic regime of the cutting apparatus in the demand of energy in the pineapple demolition. Furthermore, they permitted the validation of models of the power demand of the flail mower.
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural engineering; Agricultural machinery; Annas comosus; Energy mechanization.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202009000100005

Effects of insect cadavers infected by Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and Steinernema diaprepesi on Meloidogyne incognita parasitism in pepper and summer squash plants
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Del Valle,Eleodoro E; Lax,Paola; Rondán Dueñas,Juan; Doucet,Marcelo E.
The effects of insect cadavers infected with three isolates of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and one isolate of Steinernema diaprepesi on a population of Meloidogyne incognita in pepper (Capsicum annuum) and summer squash (Cucurbita maxima) were evaluated in greenhouse experiments carried out in Santa Fe (Argentina). Insect cadavers were obtained for the experiments from last instar larvae of Galleria mellonella and Tenebrio molitor that had been infected with entomopathogenic nematodes. Two six-day-old insect cadavers per pot were placed below the soil surface, and the soil was inoculated with 100 second-stage juveniles ofM incognita. Sixty days after inoculation, the following parameters were recorded for each plant: number of leaves; dry weight of...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Biological control; Entomopathogenic nematodes; Insect host cadavers.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000100009

Effects of ractopamine plus amino acids on growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality, and ractopamine residues of finishing pigs
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Elmes,Claudia A; Bustamante,Ociel H; González,Fernando G; Larraín,Rafael E; Gandarillas,Mónica.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of adding ractopamine (RAC) and amino acids (AA) to the diet on growth performance, carcass characteristics, commercial cuts yield, meat quality and residues in liver and muscle. Ninety-two crossbred castrated pigs (97.96 ± 2.32 kg) were randomly assigned to one of two dietary treatments: a Control diet with 0 mg kg-1 of RAC and a RAC+AA diet with 10 mg RAC kg-1, for the last 27 days. Pigs of RAC+AA group had greater average daily gain (ADG), gain to feed ratio (G:F) and final bodyweight (P&amp;#8804;0.05) and tended to have lower average daily feed intake (ADFI) (p=0.084) than Control pigs. Carcasses from RAC+AA animals were heavier than controls (P&amp;#8804;0.05). Dressing percentage and backfat depth...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Carcass measurements; Finishing pigs; Meat cuts; Meat quality; Ractopamine; Residues.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202014000300002

Genetically modified crops in Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Salazar,Erika; Montenegro,Gloria.
The economical, environmental and social impacts associated with genetically modified (GM) crops are supported by the increased use of GM species by farmers. This increase in the use of GM species has included a global increase in both the number of hectares with GM crops and the number of countries using this technology. However, the use of GM crops has some drawbacks, due to the environmental risks associated with some of the events and social risks related to intellectual property rights issues and the monopoly associated with this technology. An overview of the current status of the use of GM crops in relation to the production, benefits, associated risks, intellectual property rights, legislation and regulatory framework is presented, focusing in the...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Genetically modified organisms; Regulatory framework; Intellectual property; Chile.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202009000300003

In vitro protein breakdown by enzyme extracts of rumen origin: comparison with methods in situ and proteases of Streptomyces griseus
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Velásquez,Alejandro; Pichard,Gastón.
Proteolytic activity of enzymatic extracts generated from rumen microorganisms cultivated in vitro was evaluated. The incubation of rumen fluid used different substrates to generate a higher enzyme concentration and promote a broad spectrum of hydrolytic activity. The composition of the substrates used in the cultivation of the fluid was enriched in protein, starch or cell wall. Enzyme preparations were evaluated by incubating in 30 mL of buffer 50 mM Tris-HCl (pH 6.5) at 39 °C during 48 hours, 100 mg of crude protein from feeds soybean meal, canola meal, sunflower meal, gluten feed, dehydrated alfalfa meal, berseem clover, oat forage and perennial ryegrass. Enzyme extracts from cultivated rumen fluid showed an average protein breakdown of 75.5%, in eight...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: In vitro rumen proteolysis; Ruminal enzymes; Streptomyces griseus; In situ method.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202010000300005

Market integration for Chilean wheat prices using Vector Error Correction Models (VECM), a cointegration analysis: análisis de cointegración
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Valdes,Rodrigo; von Cramon-Taubadel,Stephan; Díaz,José.
Historically Chile has been a wheat net importer country. This situation, added to the small size of its economy, causes that the domestic price of this cereal is highly influenced by import prices of substitute wheat. This research analyzed the integration level of the Chilean wheat market with respect to the USA and Argentinean markets using a vector error correction model (VECM), the impact of the band prices (D-BAND) and the change of the band mechanism introduced in 2004 (D-MECH) by the inclusion of two binary variables in the VECM. The results showed strong market integration among Argentina, Chile and USA, with USA leading the market. Additionally, the price of the Chilean wheat was influenced by the USA and Argentina prices. The binary variables,...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Cointegration analysis; Price band; Wheat; Cereal prices; International market of commodities; Vector error correction model.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202011000100001

Combining genetic gain and diversity under an individual selection method in a selected provenance of Eucalyptus cladocalyx
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Mora,Freddy; Saavedra,Javier.
Flowering traits are becoming important breeding objectives in Eucalyptus cladocalyx. Previous studies have confirmed that the trees from Cowell, Australia, respond well for early flowering under the arid conditions in the Southern Atacama Desert, Chile. This selected population was evaluated for flowering intensity at the end of the flowering season of 2009/2010 (February 2010). A Bayesian threshold tree model via Gibbs sampling was used in the data analyses. The model included the genotype-environment interaction (two sites) using a bi-character threshold model. The posterior mean of the genetic correlation between the sites was positive and high (r=0.8) and, according to the 95% credible interval (0.44-0.96), it was significantly different from zero,...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Arid environmental conditions; Bayesian framework; Breeding values; Flowering components.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000100014

Adoption of cleaner production practices by dairy farmers in southern Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Nahuelhual,Laura; Engler,María A; Carrillo,Bernardo; Moreira,Víctor; Castro,Ingrid.
Rising concerns about the environmental costs of dairy production have resulted in an increasing use of farm practices that diminish negative production externalities. Yet, little empirical evidence exists regarding the factors influencing the adoption of pollution-reducing strategies by dairy farmers. In this study, we estímate a logit probability model to explain first-stage adoption of capital-intensive cleaner production (CP) practices, using a sample of 100 médium and large-size dairy farms located in southern Chile. Voluntary approaches to pollution control in agriculture are relatively recent in Chile and diffusion has been slow and uneven among farmers. Only 43% of the farmers surveyed were using some CP practices at the time of the interview. The...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Chilean dairy sector; Dairy-derived pollution; Dairy farming; Environmental management; Technology innovation.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202009000100009

Screening of white rot fungal species for their capacity to degrade lindane and other isomers of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH)
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Quintero,Juan C; Moreira,María T; Feijoo,Gumersindo; Lema,Juan M.
White-rot fungi have demonstrated a high capacity to degrade organic pollutants, including the insecticide lindane (y-HCH). The purpose of this study was to evalúate the degradative capacities of several white rot fungi species, Bjerkandera adusta, Irpex lacteus, Lentinus tigrinus, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Phanerochaete sórdida, Phlebia radiata, Pleurotus eryngii, Poliporus cialatus, and Stereum hirsutum. Fungal tolerance to various concentrations of a-, (3-, y- and 8 isomers of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) was studied in both liquid and soil media samples. 8- and y-HCH isomers showed the highest inhibition of fungal growth of all HCH isomers. P. chrysosporium and B. adusta exhibited a high tolerance to HCH pollution. The 8- and y-HCH isomers were...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Hexachlorocyclohexane; Degradation; Pesticides; Bjerkandera adusta; White rot fungi.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202008000200005

Use of VIS-NIRS for land management classification with a support vector machine and prediction of soil organic carbon and other soil properties
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Debaene,Guillaume; Piku&amp;#322;a,Dorota; Nied&amp;#378;wiecki,Jacek.
The objective of this research was to investigate the effects of a long-term experiment on soil spectral properties and to develop prediction models of these properties (soil organic carbon (SOC), N, pH, Hh, P2O5, K2O, Ca, Mg, K, and Na content) from texturally homogeneous samples (loamy sand). To this aim, chemometric techniques, such as partial least square (PLS) regression and support vector machine (SVM) classification, were used. Our results show that visible and near infrared spectroscopy (VIS-NIRS) is suitable for the prediction of properties of texturally homogeneous samples. The effects of fertilizer applications were sufficient to modify the soil chemical composition to a range suitable for using VIS-NIRS for calibration and modeling purposes....
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Manure; Near-infrared spectroscopy; Nitrogen fertilizer; Partial least square regression; Soil organic carbon; Support Vector Machine.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202014000100003

Red wine phenolic composition: the effects of summer pruning and cluster thinning
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Cañón,Pablo M; González,Álvaro S; Alcalde,José A; Bordeu,Edmundo.
P.M. Cañon, A.S. González, J.A. Alcalde, and E. Bordeu. 2014. Red wine phenolic composition: the effects of summer pruning and cluster thinning. Cien. Inv. Agr. 41(2): 235-248. The quality of red wine is directly associated with its phenolic composition, which can be controlled using several viticultural techniques that affect the vegetative/productive balance of the plants, such as summer pruning and cluster thinning. However, these techniques may also involve high costs and production losses. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of summer pruning and cluster thinning on the phenolic compositions of grapes and wine over three consecutive seasons. The treatments included long (120 cm shoot length) and short (60 cm shoot length) summer pruning and 50%...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Cluster thinning; Polyphenols; Summer pruning; Vegetative/productive balance; Vitis vinifera L.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202014000200010

Evaluation of the use of wound-protectant fungicides and biological control agents against stem canker (Neofusicoccum parvum) of blueberry
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Latorre,Bernardo A; Torres,René; Silva,Tatiane; Elfar,Karina.
B.A. Latorre, R. Torres, T. Silva, and K. Elfar. 2013. Evaluation of the use of wound-protectant fungicides and biological control agents against stem canker (Neofusicoccum parvum) of blueberry. Cien. Inv. Agr. 40(3): 537-545. Economically, blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) has become a very important fruit crop in Chile, and stem canker (Neofusicoccum parvum) has frequently been observed as a major disease. The symptoms are characterized by partial or total death of the foliage associated with extensive reddish-brown canker lesions at the base of the stems. Pruning wounds appear to be the main infection route. In this study, fungicide pastes and biological control agents were evaluated for their effectiveness as pruning wound-protectants against N. parvum....
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Botryosphaeria canker; Biological control; Boric acid; Ascorbic acid; Vaccinium corymbosum.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000300007

Accumulation of macronutrients in cv. 'Astrus' cabbage as influenced by nitrogen dose and plant population
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Filho,Arthur B. Cecílio; Cavarianni,Rodrigo L; Nowaki,Rodrigo H. D.
The influence of plant population (31,250 and 46,875 plants ha-1) and nitrogen doses (0, 100, 200, and 300 kg ha-1) on the accumulation of macronutrients by cabbage plants was studied in Jaboticabal, Brazil, from February 18 to June 2, 2004. The experimental design was a randomized complete block in a 2 × 4 factorial scheme, with three replications. Differences in the amount of macronutrients accumulated by cabbage as function of N dose and plant population, were observed. The largest amounts of macronutrients were detected at the end of the plant cycle when the plant population was the lowest. The amounts of N, P, K, and S were not significantly different when the N dose was increased from 100 to 300 kg ha-1. The accumulated amounts of Ca and Mg were not...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Brassica olerácea var. capitata; Spacing; Uptake nutrients.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202016000200013

Snap bean production using sunflowers as living trellises in the central high valleys of Mexico
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Morales-Rosales,Edgar Jesús; Franco-Mora,Omar; González-Huerta,Andrés.
The aim of this study was to assess growth, net assimilation rate, biomass production and pod yield in two snap bean cultivars sown in monoculture and combined with two sunflower cultivars at three localities in the State of Mexico, Mexico. The six treatments were evaluated in a 2 x 3 factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with four replications. When F values were significant, the least significant difference test at the 5% level of significance was used. The principal component analysis was also used to study the interrelationship among the six treatments and seven variables. The results observed in the biplot indicated that the largest original variation in the data was adequately represented in the first two principal components...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Phaseoulus vulgaris; Helianthus annuus; Multiple crops; Net assimilation rate; Principal component analysis.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202011000100005

Propagation of Sophora toromiro through interspecific grafting to support species conservation: Masificación de Sophora toromiro, mediante injerto inter específico como apoyo a la conservación de la especie
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Espejo,Jaime; Baeza,Marcelo; Ruiz,Eduardo; Mora,Freddy; Gomez,Miguel; Montenegro,Gloria.
This report provides information on applying the cleft grafting technique in the species Sophora toromiro (Phil.) Skottsb., focused on its propagation, and contributes to the conservation of the genetic base of this species in the medium and long term. A germplasm collection was obtained via interspecific grafting using Sophora cassioides (Phil.) Sparre as rootstock, employing two variations of cleft grafting sealing. The survival of 301 S. toromiro grafts of the Titze line at ten months was 64% or 95%, according to the type of sealing performed. A second experiment, comparing the origin of the material, indicated that the plants of Goteborg origin showed survival values close to 63%, versus 58% for those from the Jardín Botánico Nacional de Viña del Mar...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Conservation; Graft; Sophora toromiro; S. cassioides.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000100019

The effect of citric acid supplementation on growth performance, phosphorus absorption and retention in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed a low-fishmeal diet
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Hernández,Adrián J; Satoh,Shuichi; Kiron,Viswanath.
A.J. Hernández, S. Satoh, and V. Kiron. 2013. The effect of citric acid supplementation on growth performance, phosphorus absorption and retention in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed a low-fishmeal diet. Cien. Inv. Agr. 40(2): 397-406. Two feeding experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of a low-phosphorus (P) diet in combination with citric acid (CA) on rainbow trout growth performance and P utilization. In the first 12-week trial, duplicate groups of 30 fish (12.0±1.7 g) were fed one of five diets. The basal diet was formulated with low-P protein sources and 15% fishmeal (FM) without inorganic P supplementation. The test diets contained 0.5% monocalcium phosphate (MCP), 3% CA or both. A FM-based diet served as the positive control....
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Citric acid; Growth performance; Phosphorus utilization; Rainbow trout.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000200014

The effect of foliar applications of a bio-stimulant derived from algae extract on the physiological behavior of lulo seedlings (Solanum quitoense cv. Septentrionale)
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Díaz-Leguizamón,Jhon J; Chingaté-Cruz,Oscar F; Sánchez-Reinoso,Alefsi D; Restrepo-Díaz,Hermann.
The effect of foliar applications of a bio-stimulant derived from algae extract on the physiological behavior of lulo seedlings (Solanum quitoense cv. Septentrionale). Cien. Inv. Agr. 43(1):25-37. Seaweed extracts are used as nutritional supplements, biostimulants, or biofertilizers in agriculture and horticulture to increase plant growth and yield. In this experiment, foliar applications of bio-stimulant derivate from seaweed extract were tested on plant growth, leaf gas exchange properties, and proline accumulation in lulo seedlings cultivated under greenhouse conditions. Lulo plants were split into four treatments: (i) plants with soil fertilizer; (ii) plants treated only with foliar bio-stimulant sprays; (iii) a combination of soil fertilizer plus a...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Foliar sprays; Growth rates; Proline; PSII efficiency; Soil fertilizer.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202016000100003

Technical efficiency for a sample of Chilean wine grape producers: A stochastic production frontier analysis
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Moreira,Victor H; Troncoso,Javier L; Bravo-Ureta,Boris E.
Chile has become an increasingly important player in international wine markets. Concurrent with the expansion of Chilean wine output and exports, there has been an increase in production in several other "New World" countries including Argentina, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa. The overall growth in wine supplies has increased competition to capture market share, which highlights the importance of productivity gains among wine and grape producers. The purpose of this paper is to estimate and analyze the technical efficiency (TE) component of productivity for a sample of wine grape producers in Chile. The data includes 38 farms with specific input-output information for individual blocks yielding a total of 263 observations. We use a Cobb-Douglas...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Chile; Stochastic production frontiers; Technical efficiency; Wine grapes.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202011000300001

Production of crystallized fruit from watermelon rind
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Gontero,Mauro; Brandelli,Adriano; Zapata Noreña,Caciano.
The aim of this work was to produce crystallized fruit from watermelon rind. The following procedure was developed: the outer peel was removed; the material was sliced into 7 mm cubes, blanched for, 0, 5 and 10 minutes, and then treated with 10% sodium chloride solution. This product was treated with solutions of sucrose (30 to 72 °Brix), and dried in a hot air dryer at different temperatures (40, 60 and 80 °C). Products were then analyzed by a sensory panel. The experimental design used was randomized blocks and the results were analyzed by the Tukey's test. The best acceptance of the sensory panel was for the product obtained by 5 minutes blanching followed by drying at 60 °C, whose intensity values for appearance, flavor and gummosis were between 6 and 7.
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Osmosis; Watermelon; Dehydration; Agricultural waste.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202010000200006

Biodiversidad en Ambientes Fragmentados de Chile: Patrones y Procesos a Diferentes Escalas
Provedor de dados: 118
Tipo: Journal article
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202007000200009

Nematicidal activity of leaves of common shrub and tree species from Southern Chile against Meloidogyne hapla
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Böhm,Laura; Arismendi,Nolberto; Ciampi,Luigi.
The biological control of the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne hapla , was evaluated through the addition of organic amendments of dry and chopped leaves of Buddleia globes, Dramas winter, Eucalyptus globules, Genuine aflame, Aurelia sempervirens, huma apiculata, Maytenus boaria and Ugni molinae to the soil substratum. The assays were carried out in pots seeded with lettuce plants (cv. Reina de Mayo). All pots were inoculated with 2000 eggs and juveniles of M. hapla, and then maintained under greenhouse conditions for 45 days. Control pots without foliage additions were also seeded with lettuce. The results show that the addition of dry leaves of L. sempervirens, G. avellana, M. boaria, D. winteri , and B. globosa significantly reduced root-knot nematode...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Biological control; Forestry species; Meloidogyne hapla; Nematodes; Organic-amendment; Ligneous plants.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202009000200009

Light-dependent regulation of carotenoid biosynthesis in plants
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Pizarro,Lorena; Stange,Claudia.
Carotenoids are colored terpenes synthesized in plants, algae and some yeasts and bacteria. In plants and algae, these lipophilic molecules exert functional roles inhormonesynthesis, photosynthesis, photomorphogenesis and photoprotection. Additionally, they possess antioxidant properties and act as scavengers of reactive oxygen species. During the past decade almost all of the carotenogenic genes have been identified by molecular, genetic and biochemical approaches in the Arabidopsis thaliana model system. Carotenoid biosynthesis in plants is highly regulated, although all of the processes involved have not yet been identified. In this work, we review the mechanisms involved in the light-mediated regulation of carotenoid biosynthesis and the effect of...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Carotenoid biosynthesis; Gene expression; Light regulation; Plants.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202009000200001

13C Photoassimilate partitioning in sweet cherry (Prunus avium) during early spring
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Ayala,Marlene; Lang,Gregory A.
Stored reserves are critical for the early spring growth of reproductive and vegetative sinks in sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.). To study the distribution of carbon storage reserves on new, highly productive hybrid rootstocks in sweet cherry, an experiment was established using 5-yr-old cv. 'Regina' on the semi-vigorous rootstock 'Gisela®6' ('GI®6'). Using whole-canopy enclosure chambers, five trees were pulse-labeled three times with high levels of 13CO2 during the fall. At leaf drop, leaves, buds, wood, bark and roots were sampled for gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The storage organs with the highest percentages of excess 13C atoms were the roots and the older wood in the trunks, branches and buds. During the spring, newly...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Fruit set; 'Gisela®' rootstock; Sink; Spring remobilization stage I; Storage reserves; Transition.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202015000200006

Partial inhibition of flowering in young highbush blueberries with gibberellins
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Lindberg,William; Hanson,Eric; Lobos,Gustavo A.
W. Lindberg, E. Hanson, and G.A. Lobos. 2014. Partial inhibition of flowering in young highbush blueberries with gibberellins. Cien. Inv. Agr. 41(3):349-356. Preventing young blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) plants from fruiting can increase their vegetative growth. In previous studies, gibberellin (GA) applications reduced flowering in highbush blueberry, but the response was variable and cultivar dependent and was studied mostly using potted nursery plants. The purpose of this work was to determine whether floral induction can be inhibited by GA in plants established in the field, particularly on newer cultivars now being widely planted. Foliar sprays were applied in several experiments with different application intervals and concentrations; the...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Floral induction; GA3; GA4+7; ProGibb; ProVide; Vaccinium corymbosum.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202014000300007

Analysis of genetic diversity in Argentinian heterotic maize populations using molecular markers
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Morales,Marcelo; Decker,Viviana; Ornella,Leonardo.
Over the past three decades, traditional Argentinean Orange Flint maize cultivars have been replaced by the higher yielding U.S. Yellow Dent germplasms. However, fint cultivars are potentially resistant to biotic and/or abiotic stress. Thus, knowledge of genetic diversity and relationships among fint inbred lines would help reduce genetic vulnerability and broaden the genetic base of crops in national improvement programs. In this study, we report the analysis of 25 inbred Orange Flint germplasms and one dent using 21 microsatellite markers or Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR). The aim was to assess genetic diversity among these accessions and evaluate the usefulness of SSR markers for defning heterotic groups in temperate germplasm. Genetic diversity values...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Cluster analysis; Microsatellite; Zea mays.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202010000100015

Phosphorus sources enriched with filter cake and microorganisms in the soil microbiota: Phosphorus absorption and sugar cane dry matter production
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Hernández,Alfredo R; Prado,Renato de M; González,Leónides C; Caione,Gustavo; Moda,Leandro R; Assis,Luis C; Almeida,Hilário J.
Filter cake enriched with biofertilizer (associated with fertilizer phosphate) can increase the available phosphorus, and thus improve the absorption of phosphorus and dry matter accumulation by plants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of phosphorus sources in the absence and presence of filter cake (enriched with biofertilizer or not enriched) on the soil population of microorganisms, soil phosphorus content, phosphorus accumulation in the aerial portion of the plant and production of dry matter in sugar cane plants. The experiment was performed in a greenhouse using sugar cane as the test plant. A completely randomized design was adopted with a 3×3+1 factorial arrangement and three repetitions. The treatments consisted of the...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural waste; Organic-fertilizer; Phosphate fertilizer; Saccharum spp.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202015000200015

Sensitivity of wild-type and mutant Trichoderma harzianum strains tofungicides
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Herrera,Rodrigo; Núñez,David; Romero,Natalia; Besoain,Ximena; Pérez,Luz María; Montealegre,Jaime.
The germination of conidia in wild-type (Th11, Th12 and Th650) and mutant (Th11A80.1, Th12A10.1 and Th650-NG7) strains of Trichoderma harzianum that were exposed to different commercial fungicides was studied. All wild-type and mutant Trichoderma strains were germinated in the presence of 1,700 mg L-1 of pencycuron. The wild-type strains Th12 and Th650 and the corresponding mutant strains Th12A10.1 and Th650-NG7 were sensitive to all concentrations of iprodione and metalaxil + mancozeb. The EC50 (Median Effective Concentration) values for the different fungicides were between 10-1 and 10-4 less than the concentrations recommended for field applications; one exception was Phyto-fos on Th650-NG7, where this ratio was 0.72. These results establish whether...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Biocontrol; Biocontrol agents; Control of tomato root diseases; Fungicides; Fungicide tolerant Trichoderma; Integrated management.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000300016

Generalized composite interval mapping offers improved efficiency in the analysis of loci influencing non-normal continuous traits
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Mora,Freddy; Scapim,Carlos Alberto; Baharum,Adam; Teixeira do Amaral Júnior,Antonio.
In genetic studies, most Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) mapping methods presuppose that the continuous trait of interest follows a normal (Gaussian) distribution. However, many economically important traits of agricultural crops have a non-normal distribution. Composite interval mapping (CIM) has been successfully applied to the detection of QTL in animal and plant breeding. In this study we report a generalized CIM (GCIM) method that permits QTL analysis of non-normally distributed variables. GCIM was based on the classic Generalized Linear Model method. We applied the GCIM method to a F2 population with co-dominant molecular markers and the existence of a QTL controlling a trait with Gamma distribution. Computer simulations indicated that the GCIM method...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Bioinformatics; Generalized Linear Model; Molecular markers; Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL).
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202010000300007

Desinfección de cariopses y regeneración de plantas de Spartina argentinensis
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Bueno,Midan S; Feldman,Susana R; Ortiz,Juan P.
Se desarrolló un protocolo de desinfección y regeneración in vitro de Spartina argentinensis. El menor porcentaje de contaminación se obtuvo tratando los cariopses por 60 s en etanol 90° y 20 min de inmersión en hipoclorito de sodio al 2,5% con Tween 20. La inducción de callos se realizó en medio Murashige y Skoog (MS) suplementado con 0,5 mg•L-1 de ácido diclorofenoxi acético (2,4-D) y 1 mg•L-1 de ácido indol acético (AIA). La mayor (20%) regeneración de vastagos se logró con igual base salina y 0,25 mg•L-1 de bencilamino purina (BAP). Se utilizó 0,025 mg•L-1 de ácido naftalen acético para la regeneración de raíces. Las plantas se regeneraron vía organogénesis. Este protocolo es la primera mención de regeneración de plantas de S. argentinensis utilizando...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Rganogénesis; Regeneración in vitro; Spartina.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202007000300007

In vitro rooting of Beilschmiedia berteroana, endemic to the South Central area of Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Uribe,Matilde; Sandoval,Marian; Méndez,Amado; Mora,Freddy; Delaveau,Catherine.
Beilschmiedia berteroana ("belloto del sur") is a screrophyllous tree of the family Lauraceae that is endemic to the Central-South region of Chile. It is an endangered species; considered a second priority in the "Extinction Danger" category. This species is known for its timber, fruits and lots of mucilages, also has great potential for its size and ornamental evergreen foliage. This study had as a main objective to develop an in vitro rooting protocol of microshoots, obtained from the proliferation phase, by adding auxin: indole 3-butyric acid (IBA), naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and indole 3-acetic acid (IAA) in order to contribute to the recovery of the species. Results are discussed in the rooting phase, where this species is induced or maintained in...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Auxin; Beilschmiedia berteroana; Endangered species; Lauraceae.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202011000100010

The effects of the essential oil and hydrolate of canelo (Drimys winteri) on adults of Aegorhinus superciliosus in the laboratory
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Rebolledo,Ramón; Abarzúa,Juan; Zavala,Andrea; Quiroz,Andrés; Alvear,Marysol; Aguilera,Alfonso.
Drimys winteri (Magnoliids: Winteraceae), a native Chilean species, has potential for use as a botanical insecticide. This species contains chemicals with biological activity, such as isoprenoids and polyphenols. In this study, the effects of the essential oil and hydrolate of D. winteri on adults of Aegorhinus superciliosus were determined in the laboratory. This species is one of the most important pests associated with the cultivation of blueberries in Chile. The insecticidal effect of both distillates was determined for five concentrations of the essential oil and hydrolate of D. winteri, with ten replicates, in a completely random bioassay. The effects of these preparations on the egg-laying, hatching and feeding activity of A. superciliosus were also...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Essential oil; Hydrolate; Secondary metabolites.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000300008

Influence of livestock systems with live fences of Gliricidia sepium on several soil properties in Tabasco, Mexico
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Villanueva-López,Gilberto; Martínez-Zurimendi,Pablo; Ramírez-Avilés,Luis; Casanova-Lugo,Fernando; Jarquín-Sánchez,Aarón.
G. Villanueva-López, P. Martínez-Zurimendi, L. Ramírez-Avilés, F. Casanova-Lugo, and A. Jarquín-Sánchez. 2014. Influence of livestock systems with live fences of Gliricidia sepium on several soil properties in Tabasco, Mexico. Cien Inv. Agr. 41(2): 175-186. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effects of two livestock systems, a livestock system with live fences (LSLF) of Gliricidia sepium associated with signal grass (Brachiaria decumbens) and a livestock system based on a grass monoculture (LSPM), on specific physical and chemical soil characteristics at different depths and distances from the fence. In each system, we randomly selected 9 plots of 600 m². A completely randomized design was used with a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement in which we...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Soil improvement; Silvopastoral system; Signal grass monoculture; Humid tropic.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202014000200004

Consumer responses to agricultural produce advertising in the O'Higgins Region of Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Adasme-Berríos,Cristian; Jara-Rojas,Roberto; Ramos-Cabello,Bárbara; Rodríguez,Marcelo; Mora,Marcos.
The main objective of this article was to analyze consumer responses to agricultural produce advertising. A survey was given to a non-probabilistic sample of 400 consumers in Rancagua, the capital city of the O'Higgins Region. A principal components analysis (PCA) was performed to identify the main factors influencing the consumption of agricultural produce and recognized four factors that influence the consumption of agricultural products: influence of advertising, impact of produce advertising, consumption of vegetables, and advertising preference. Additionally, the market segments that respond to agricultural produce advertising were identified using decision-tree methodology (CHAID). The results show that education is the most important segmenting...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural produce; CHAID; Consumer behavior; Principal components analysis.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000100003

Effect of bokashi and vermicompost leachate on yield and quality of pepper (Capsicum annuum) and onion (Allium cepa) under monoculture and intercropping cultures
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Álvarez-Solís,José D; Mendoza-Niñez,José A; León-Martínez,Noe S; Castellanos-Albores,Jorge; Gutiérrez-Miceli,Federico A.
Organic fertilization and crop association are two agroecological management practices that have the potential to optimize land use in horticultural production. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Bokashi and Bokashi amended with Vermicompost Leachate (VL) on the growth, yield and quality of jalapeño pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) and onion (Allium cepa L.) in monoculture and intercropping cultures. This work was conducted under rainfed conditions in the community of Santa Rosa el Oriente, a municipality of Trinity, Chiapas. A randomized complete block design in a split plot arrangement with six treatments and four replicates by treatment was used. Bokashi significantly increased the number of leaves and plant height in onion (37 and...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Bokashi; Capsaicin; Land equivalent ratio; Soluble solids; Vermicompost leachate.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202016000200007

An analysis of factors affecting the adoption of economic and productive data recording methods of Chilean farmers
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Engler,Alejandra; Toledo,Roger.
Integration of the Chilean domestic economy into international markets has created the need to incorporate more technology, information, and management tools and to generate better entrepreneurial skills at the farm level. These changes require the development of strategic capabilities and farmer changes in attitude. The goal for farmers is to be more prepared for the decision-making process and to have adequate evaluation and control systems to face the complexity of the farm business. The literature suggests that using management tools positively correlates with profits and concludes that management skills are positively related to farmers' well-being. Survey information on 211 farmers from central and southern Chile was used to estímate a probit model...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Record-keeping; Management skills; Probability models.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202010000200010

Fresh matter production by two forms of Oxalis latifolia as influenced by soil and climate
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Royo-Esnal,Aritz; López,María Luisa.
Oxalis latifolia is a widely distributed weed that mainly affects corn fields, orchards, plant nurseries and gardens. Two forms of the weed have been identified: the common form, with fish-tailed leaflets, bulbils growing on stolons and dark pink flowers, and the Cornwall form, with rounder leaflets, sessile bulbils and whitish-pale pink flowers. In this study, the fresh matter production, expressed as the increase of the bulbs' fresh weight, of both forms was compared during two growing seasons in two locations. The bulbs were grown in pots from spring to autumn, and different aspects of growth were measured at the end of each season. The total fresh matter production, weight of the apical bulb, total weight of the lateral bulbs and number of lateral...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Bulb; Climate; Oxalis; Soil conditions; Weed.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000200007

The seasonal and inter-annual patterns of biomass accumulation and crude protein in kleingrass (Panicum coloratum) in the semiarid Pampean region of Argentina
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Ferri,Carlos M.
Kleingrass (Panicum coloratum L. var. coloratum) is a perennial warm-season grass that begins its growing season later in the spring than does weeping lovegrass (Eragrostis curvula (Schrad.) Nees), which suggests that combining weeping lovegrass with kleingrass in a grazing sequence could increase livestock production. The objectives of this study were to determine the seasonal and inter-annual variation of the patterns of the accumulation of dry matter (DM) and the percentage of crude protein (CP) in P. coloratum, cv. Verde, in the semiarid Pampean region of Argentina. This study was performed during four growing seasons in a 3.0 ha pasture of kleingrass that was sown in the spring of 1996. The forage samples were gathered at biweekly intervals and were...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Argentina; Daily thermal variation; Leaf blade; Seasonal rainfall; Semiarid Pampean region; Total biomass.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202011000200003

The awakening of pisco in Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Lacoste,Pablo; Jiménez,Diego; Aguilera,Paulette; Rendón,Bibiana; Castro,Amalia; Soto,Natalia.
This paper analyzes the historical antecedents of pisco (grape brandy) in Chile from unpublished original documents of the Archivo Nacional (National Archives) from the end of the 17th century to the beginning of the 18th century. This work also shows that during Spanish domination in the 17th century, the tradition of making brandy from grape wine using stills was consolidated in the northern Kingdom of Chile. In addition, a flow of brandy exports from the very early 18th century is demonstrated.
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Appellation of origin; Colonial wine-growing industry; Distillates; Grape brandy; Pisco.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202014000100010

Vegetation changes after 15 years of abandonment of crop fields in the Pampas region (Argentina)
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Boccanelli,Silvia; Pire,Eduardo; Lewis,Juan.
Agriculture has been practised in the Argentine Pampa region for more than a century. This long history of disturbance has strongly modified the native vegetation of the region. Some original species have disappeared or its area has been remarkably reduced. The objective was to evalúate vegetation changes over time after the abandonment of agriculture practice. Our hypothesis was that over time vegetation in this region will evolve towards a "flechillar" (Stipa spp. community) similar to the original vegetation. The experiment was conducted at Zavalla (Santa Fe) Argentina (33° 01' S, 60° 53' W and 50 m.a.s.1.). Vegetation evolution was studied during 15 years (1982-1997) after abandonment, considering four initial crop situations (i.e. wheat, soybean,...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Abandoned field; Agriculture; Disturbance; Secondary succession; Weeds.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202010000200005

Estimating the bioenergy potential of Pinus radiata plantations in Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Acuña,Eduardo; Espinosa,Miguel; Cancino,Jorge; Rubilar,Rafael; Muñoz,Fernando.
The bioenergy potential for electricity and ethanol production of Pinus radiata D. Don plantations in Chile was modeled, on a regional basis, using radiata pine plantations areas by age class. Wood basic density equations based on age and growing region, wood moisture content variability, and the effciency of a hypothetical power plant were used to estimate the amount of electricity produced by biomass at harvesting age including logging residues. Bioethanol yield was estimated at 275 L t-1 of dry biomass. The uncertainty of the bioenergy production were analyzed using probabilistic distribution functions and an estimate of 1.83 million ha-1 of radiata pine plantations by year 2030. Parameters considered for the uncertainty analyses included the rotation...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Bioenergy; Bioethanol; Biomass; Radiata pine; Logging residues; Monte Carlo simulation.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202010000100009

Germicidal effect of UV light on epiphytic fungi isolated fromblueberry
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Latorre,Bernardo A; Rojas,Susana; Díaz,Gonzalo A; Chuaqui,Hernán.
The present study examined the inactivation effect of ultraviolet (UV) light on the conidia of Botrytis cinerea Cladosporium cladosporioides, C. herbarum and Pestalotiopsis clavispora, common pathogens of blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum), often found as epiphytes. The fungi were grown at 20°C in acidified potato dextrose agar (APDA) in the dark; conidial suspensions (10(6) conidia mL-1) were placed the bottom of 5 cm glass Petri plates with a maximum height of 0.5 mm. Uncovered plates were immediately exposed to either UVA (&amp;#955; = 361 nm), UVB (&amp;#955; = 302 nm) or UVC (&amp;#955; = 254 nm) at doses between 40 and 110 mJcm². The results were expressed as survival ratios Nt/N0 (the number of colonies obtained after conidia were exposed to UV...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Botrytis cinerea; Cladosporium; Blueberry; Fungi; Pestalotiopsis; UV radiation; Vaccinium corymbosum.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000300007

Applying a bioeconomic optimal control model to charcoal production: the case of slash-and-burn agriculture in Mexico
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Arrocha,Fernando; Villena,Mauricio G.
This paper analyzes the relationship between rural poverty and forest land management for the case of charcoal production under slash-and-burn agriculture. An optimal control model is used to determine how a representative household makes decisions about the allocation of labor and about the forest areas to exploit. In turn, these decisions affect the renewable resource base available to the community. The proposed optimal control model for charcoal production is based on the Pascual and Barbier (2007) model of slash-and-burn agriculture. This theoretical model is calibrated with data from the community of Chunkanán, Campeche, Mexico. The simulation and comparison of the traditional slash-and-burn approach to forest management with the Forest Management...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Charcoal production; Forest management; Rural poverty; Rural households.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000300009

Crown and root rot of highbush blueberry caused by Phytophthora cinnamomi and P. citrophthora and cultivar susceptibility
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Larach,Alejandra; Besoain,Ximena; Salgado,Eduardo.
Chile is the largest producer and exporter of blueberries in the southern hemisphere. During the 2006-2007 growing season, blueberry production increased in Chile as a result of an expansión of the planted área, reaching around 10,762 ha in 2007. Fungal diseases are of great importance in blueberry production; among them, Phytophthora root rot is a disease known worldwide as a major cause of death for highbush blueberry plants in the USA. Symptoms of Phytophthora root rot have been detected over the last four years in Chile. Nevertheless, the causal agents have not been previously described in Chile. This study aims to determine the pathogenicity of Phytophthora spp. isolated from highbush blueberry and to study cultivar susceptibility. The pathogenicity...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Blueberry diseases; Highbush blueberry; Blueberry cultivars; Phytophthora; Vaccinium corymbosum.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202009000300010

Phloematic mobility of 10Boron in kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) mixedshoots
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Sotomayor,Carlos; Ruiz,Rafael; Muñoz,Luis.
Boron (B) is an essential micronutrient showing restricted mobility in plants, except in species that synthesize polyols. The ability of kiwifruit to mobilize B through phloem transport has not yet been confirmed, despite its ability to synthesize the polyol myo-inositol. This study examined kiwifruit plants in which boric acid enriched with the stable 10B isotope was applied to the distal leaves of mixed shoots with flowers. At 24, 72 and 144 h, both 10B-treated and un-treated leaves and flowers from treated shoots were sampled and subsequently analyzed via mass spectrometry to determine the resulting 11B/10B ratios. Control leaves and flowers showed a natural ratio, varying between 3.82 and 4.05. In contrast, the ratios in treated leaves were 1.57 at 24...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Boron; Foliar absorption; Kiwifruit; Phloem mobility; Stable isotope.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000300015

Nutrient absorption, feed intake and liveweight change as a consequence of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass with increasing alimentary limb lengths in the pig model
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Gandarillas,Mónica; Boz,Camilo; Barrales,Luis; Hodgkinson,Suzanne Marie; Bas,Fernando.
Roux-en Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) combines a restrictive and malabsortive component of the digestive system. Metabolic outcomes of increasing the latter, is a matter of research interest. The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritional consequences of RYGBP with different alimentary limb lengths using a pig model. Twenty-six pigs were randomly assigned to four laparoscopic procedures: RYGBP with 300 cm of alimentary limb (T300); RYGBP with 600 cm (T600); RYGBP with 900 cm (T900); sham operation (TS). RYGBP consisted of creating a proximal gastric pouch with a 300, 600 and 900 cm alimentary limb. Sham operation was performed by bowel transections and reanastomosis in the ileum and proximal jejunum together with gastrotomy and closure. Animals were...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Gastric bypass; Roux-en-Y; Pig nutrition; Obesity.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202011000100003

Efecto de sustratos con compost y fertilización nitrogenada sobre la fotosíntesis, precocidad y rendimiento de pimiento (Capsicum annuurn)
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: De Grazia,Javier; Tittonell,Pablo A; Chiesa,Ángel.
Los plantines presentan elevada demanda de nutrientes como resultado de su alta tasa de crecimiento en relación a las plantas adultas. Para evaluar la adición de nitrógeno a sustratos preparados con y sin materiales compostados en la producción de pimiento, se realizó un ensayo fertilizando plantines cultivados en diferentes sustratos: Testigo (60% turba de Sphagnum + 40% perlita), Mezclal (45% turba de Sphagnum + 30% perlita + 25% material vegetal compostado), Mezcla II (30% turba de Sphagnum + 20% perlita + 50% material vegetal compostado) y un sustrato Comercial (turba de Sphagnum + 40% compost + perlita + vermiculita) con 150 y 300 mg-L-1 de nitrógeno por semana, manteniendo un testigo sin fertilizar. Los plantines fueron transplantados en invernadero...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Areafoliar; Capsicum annuum; Compost; Medio de crecimiento; Nitrógeno; Rendimiento precoz; Transplante.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202007000300003

Preferences and willingness to pay for organic pears among high-income people in the Metropolitan Region of Santiago, Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Cerda,Arcadio A; García,Leidy Y; Tolosa,Francisco J; García,Valeska A.
The aim of this study is to determine the preferences and willingness to pay for organic pears among high-income people in the Metropolitan area of Santiago de Chile. To do this, the methods of conjoint analysis and contingent valuation were used. The study population was the Santiago Metropolitan Region in Chile. For the conjoint analysis, four attributes of pears were studied (variety, price, body, and production). For contingent valuation, subjects received a description of the organic production process vs. the conventional process and were then asked about their willingness to pay more per kilogram for pears produced organically. Both methodologies revealed a positive willingness to pay for pears. The estimated utility of each attribute level...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Conjoint valuation; Contingent valuation; Organic products; Premium for organic products; Pyrus.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202015000200005

Agronomic characteristics and chemical composition of Gliricidia sepium grown under different residual heights in different seasons
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Silva,Shirlenne F; Carneiro,Maria S. de S.; Edvan,Ricardo L; Pereira,Elzânia S; Neto,Luiz B. de Morais; Pinto,Andréa P; Camilo,Danilo de A.
This research was conducted to evaluate the agronomic characteristics and chemical composition of Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Steud grown under different residual heights in different seasons. The experimental design used was a complete randomized block in a split-plot. The plots consisted of three residual heights (70, 90 and 110 cm), and the subplots were four seasons (fall, winter, spring and summer) with four replicates. There was no (P&amp;gt;0.05) interaction between season and residual heights for agronomic characteristics. However, these features were influenced by the cutting season, with no significant effect (P&amp;gt;0.05) on residual height. Significant effects (P&lt;0.05) were observed for dry matter, mineral matter, acid detergent fiber and...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Cutting management; Harvest time; Legumes; Nutritional value; Semiarid.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202017000100004

Production and meat fatty acids profile of Hereford steers fed on pasture with and without oat grain supplement. Chile, VIII Region
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Klee,Germán; Mendoza,Néstor; Chavarría,Jorge.
Live weight gain (LWG) and meat fatty acid composition (FA) were evaluated in Hereford steers fed on pasture with or without oat grain. The study site was non-traditional pastures were used in the dryland Andes foothills, VIII Region, Chile (36° 49' S, 71° 55' W), including forages such as alfalfa (Medicago sativa), orchard grass (Dactylis glomerata) and roadside brome (Bromus stamineus). Ten calves with an average LW of 173 kg were fed with red clover (Trifolium pretense L. var. Quiñequeli) during winter. In spring, 50% of steers were fed only pasture (P), and the other half were fed the same pasture in rotational grazing supplemented with oat grain (PO), 2.5 kg steer-1 day-1. The LWG was 0.78 and 0.91 kg day-¹ for the P and PO treatments, respectively....
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Fatty acid; Finishing cattle; Pasture; Steers.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202011000300002

Effect of the geographical origin, culture media, and pH on the growth dynamic of the edible ectomycohrrizal mushroom Suillus luteus
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Santelices,Rómulo; Espinoza,Sergio; Brunel,Nidia; Palfner,Gotz.
Suillus luteus is the most important wild edible ectomycorrhizal mushroom harvested and exported in Chile. This introduced species forms mycorrhizal symbiosis with Pinus radiata, the most important exotic forest tree. To obtain optimized protocols for the controlled infection of P. radiata trees with this species, it is important to determine the appropriate culture conditions. Therefore, we studied the effect of the geographical origin (three localities from the Maule Region of Chile), culture media (Modified Melin and Norkrans (MMN) and Malt Extract Agar (MEA) 2%), and pH (5.0, 5.8, and 6.5) on the in vitro growth dynamics of S. luteus over 37 days. The results showed significant differences in the growth rate and colony diameter as a consequence of its...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Ectomycorrhizal; Edible fungi; Fungi; Pinus radiata; Suillus luteus.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000200013

Effects of wine grape cultivar, application conditions and the winemaking process on the dissipation of six pesticides
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Alister,Claudio; Araya,Manuel; Morandé,Jose E; Volosky,Christian; Saavedra,Jorge; Cordova,Andrés; Kogan,Marcelo.
Pesticide residue in primary products is an important issue for producers and consumers, even though little information is available on the effect of application conditions on residue persistence and the transfer to primary elaborated products. During the 2012 season, field and laboratory studies were conducted to determine the dissipation of lambda-cyhalothrin, buprofezin, pyrimethanil, tebuconazole, imidacloprid and acetamiprid in Sauvignon blanc and Pinot Noir cultivars and their residue dynamics during the winemaking process. Half-life values (DT50) for each pesticide applied alone and as a tank mix of all pesticides were similar and had averages of 6.4, 14.0, 19.7, 26.0, 14.5 and 13.4 days for lambda-cyhalothrin, buprofezin, pyrimethanil,...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Pre-harvest interval; Residues; Transfer factor; Wine.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202014000300010

Stability of anthocyanin in spinach vine (Basella rubra) fruits
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Ferreira Ozela,Eliana; Stringheta,Paulo César; Cano Chauca,Milton.
The stability of anthocyanin in the extract of spinach vine fruit (Basella rubra L.) was studied in relation to degradative factors such as light, temperature and pH acting alone or in combination. In this work, the possible use of spinach vine fruit as a source of natural pigments for use in food coloring was evaluated. Extraction of the pigment was carried out with 99.9% methanol at pH 2.0. The stability of the anthocyanin extract was estimated. From these values, reaction velocity constants (k) as well as the half-life time (t l;2) were calculated at pH 4.0, 5.0, and 6.0 in the presence and absence of light both at 40 and 60°C. Results indicate that, independent of pH values, spinach vine extract suffered an interference of light in its anthocyanin...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Anthocyanin; Bertalha; Coloring; Food color; Spinach vine.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202007000200004

Nutritíonal Composition and Polyphenolic Content of Edible Peumus boldus Mol. Fruits
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Velásquez,Patricia; Sandoval,María Ignacia; Giordano,Ady; Gómez,Miguel; Montenegro,Gloria.
Peumus boldus is an endemic Chilean tree whose edible fruit lack a history of scientific research. The aim of this study was to determine its nutritional composition (moisture, ash, crude fiber, proteins, carbohydrates and lipids) and polyphenolic content (total phenolic content, HPLC-DAD, HPLC-MS/MS analysis) at different stages of development. The results show that the fruit decreased in ash, crude fiber and total phenolic content throughout its development, while its carbohydrate and protein content increased. An increase in phenolic molecules such as catechin and epicatechin was also observed. This is the first report on the nutritional composition and phenolic content of Peumus boldus Mol. fruits.
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Ash; Crude fiber; Kjeldahl; Goldfish; Phenol-sulfuric method; Total phenolic content.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202017000100007

Evaluation of DMI fungicides against species of Diplodia and Neofusicoccum associated with Botryosphaeria canker of grapevine
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Torres,Carolina; Latorre,Bernardo A; Undurraga,Pedro; Besoain,Ximena.
The Botryosphaeriaceae species have been widely studied and are considered a serious problem to the production of grapes worldwide. To aid in the development of control strategies for these fungi, in vitro experiments were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of demethylation inhibiting (DMI) fungicides against Diplodia seriata, D. mutila, Neofusicoccum australe and N. parvum isolated from grapevine (Vitis vinifera). Fungicidal effectiveness was evaluated over a range of increasing concentrations using measurements of both the inhibition of conidial germination and the effects on mycelial growth. The effective concentrations (EC) necessary to inhibit conidial germination and mycelial growth by 50% (EC50) and 90% (EC90) were estimated by linear...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Black dead arm; Bot canker; Fungicides; Myclobutanil; Prochloraz; Tebuconazole.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000100011

Exploratory analysis of foreign markets for Spanish organic wines
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Fuentes-García,Fernando J; Cosano-Carrillo,Ana B; Sánchez-Cañizares,Sandra M.
Because of the significant growth that the Spanish organic vineyard sector is experiencing, this paper's objective is to analyze and describe potential international markets for the exportation of organic wine. The methodology followed classifies the potential international markets for exportation in accordance with secondary data concerning the countries participating in this research, specific variables relating to the product under study and the use of statistical quality filters. The different types of quantitative variables that influence consumption are studied using k-median clustering analysis. According to the systematic analysis approach developed, the most favorable markets for Spanish organic wine exportation are the United States, China,...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Eco-agriculture; Organic wine; International trade; Priority market.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202015000200002

Uso de clinoptilolita como un vehículo de fertilizantes nitrogenados en un suelo de la región Pampeana de Argentina
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Millán,Guillermo; Agosto,Florencia; Vázquez,Mabel; Botto,Lia; Lombardi,Luciano; Juan,Luciano.
Las propiedades relacionadas con el intercambio catiónico y la selectividad iónica que poseen las clinoptilolitas ha motivado el estudio de su aplicación en el ámbito agropecuario. En trabajos previos se demostró una alta potencialidad de estos minerales como vehículo de fertilizantes nitrogenados, con la finalidad de disminuir problemas ambientales y aumentar la eficiencia de los fertilizantes. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la producción de materia seca y la recuperación de nitrógeno del fertilizante de un cultivo de Lolium multiflorum cv. Grandeza, fertilizado con clinoptilolita-NH4 (forma intercambiada), clinoptilolita-urea (forma ocluida) y urea granulada, mantenido en macetas en invernáculo. Se fertilizó en dosis equivalentes a 0, 60, 120 y...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Desorción de cationes; Eficiencia; Oclusión de moléculas.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202008000300007

Feeding extruded linseed to dairy ewes under extensive grazing conditions
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Vargas-Bello-Pérez,Einar; Vera,Raúl R; Aguilar,Claudio; Lira,Rodrigo; Peña,Iván; Tello,Franco. A.
The aim of this trial was to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation of extruded linseed on the milk and cheese fatty acid (FA) profiles of ewes under extensive grazing conditions. Over 26 days, a group of nine lactating ewes (Latxa × Milchschaf × Corriedale) in mid-lactation were managed under grazing conditions and given supplements during each manual milking (0830 and 1800 h) of 50% corn and 50% oats (500 g ewe-1 milking-1; control, TC) for the first 6 days. From day 7 to 20, the supplement was 25% corn, 25% oats and 50% extruded linseed (500 g ewe-1 milking-1) (extruded linseed; TEL). From day 21 to 26, the ewes were fed TC. The saturated FA content in milk was reduced (3.6%), and the monounsaturated, polyunsaturated and n-3 FA (7, 10 and 25%,...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Extruded linseed; N-3 fatty acids; Cheese; Ewe; Milk.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202014000100011

Effect of the type of substrate on the chemical composition and productivity of a protein concentrate of yeast origin
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Velásquez,Alejandro; Arias,Rodrigo; Toneatti,Marcelo.
Extracts of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Sc) yeast were generated using a biotechnological solid-state fermentation method. The organic material used for fermentation consisted of a variety of fibrous substrates of agricultural origin, and their effect on the chemical composition and productivity of cellular biomass generated was evaluated. The substrates studied included the following: wheat straw, WS; barley straw, BS; chili stubble, CS; oat hull, OH and starch powder, SP (control). For incubation with Sc, 2 g of (dry) vegetable substrate were added to 12 mL of cultivation medium. The fermentation time was seven days under aerobic conditions (pH 5, 26°C). After extraction of the yeast biomass, its chemical composition and productivity were analyzed. The...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Protein concentrate; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Vegetable substrate.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000300003

Pathogen control using a natural Chilean bee pollen extract of known botanical origin
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Cabrera,Carol; Montenegro,Gloria.
Bee pollen is a product from beehives that is contained in corbiculae, generally monospecific and is currently considered as a functional food due to its nutritional and medicinal properties. This study investigates the antimicrobial activity of a Chilean bee pollen extract of known botanical origin. The botanical origin of the pollen was determined by palynological analysis, and then an aqueous extract was prepared. The antibacterial properties of the extract were evaluated on human infectious agents (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes) using a qualitative method (agar diffusion) and a quantitative method (minimum inhibitory and bactericide concentration) and on agricultural pathogens (Alternaria...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Antimicrobial activity; Bee pollen; Aqueous extract.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000100020

Decreased time from seed to flowering corm size in Zephyra elegansvia in vitro cultivation
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Vidal,Alexis K; Han,Dong-Sheng; Nakano,Masaru; Niimi,Yoshiji.
Experiments were performed to establish a method to reduce the time from seed to flowering in Zephyra elegans. Seedlings took at least four years to produce a flowering corm. Although germination was highest in a water-agar medium, plant necrosis occurred when plants were later transferred; therefore, MS (Murashige and Skoog) medium was selected as the medium for germination. An increase in the light intensity to 9500 lux and in the pH to 6.7, significantly increased the germination rate. Eight weeks after seed germination, seedlings were transferred to MS media with sucrose concentrations of 45, 60, 75, 90 or 105 g L-1 and a pH 5.7 or 6.7, with the aim of achieving the greatest corm weight gain. After 16 weeks, the best weight gain was obtained in the MS...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Chilean geophyte; Corm weight gain; Flowering; Seed propagation; Zephyra elegans.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000300017

Bioenergy production capacity in the province of Santa Fe, Argentina
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Montico,Sergio.
Bioenergy is a renewable source of primary energy and its sustainable use is an advantage to the current global energy crisis. The use of vegetable resources for energy purposes requires specific studies of the impacts that might occur to the economy and the environment. The province of Santa Fe (Argentina) has an agroproductive structure capable of providing biomass for its processing and production of energy. The objective of this work was to value the capacity of this province for bioenergy production from grains transformation into biofuels and the biomass energy from crop straw, and speculates on the impact on soils from removed crop residues. Crop residues of the ten most important grain and oilseed crops (15.2x10(6) Mg year-1) and bioethanol and...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Biofuels; Bioenergy; Crops residues; Sustainability.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202009000300013

Análisis de coeficientes de sendero para el rendimiento de semillas en Bromus catharticus
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Abbott,Liliana A; Pistorale,Susana M; Filippini,Olga S.
Trece genotipos de Bromus catharticus (cebadilla criolla) fueron evaluados para rendimiento en semilla en 2001 y 2002, usando un diseño completamente aleatorizado con seis repeticiones por genotipo. Se analizaron las correlaciones y el coeficiente de sendero para nueve caracteres relacionados con la producción de semilla. La variabilidad genotípica fue estadísticamente significativa para número de semillas totales por panoja en el segundo año (p = 0,019), largo de hoja bandera en los dos años (p = 0,039 y 0,045) y número de macollos por planta en el primer año (p = 0,003). La interacción genotipo x ambiente fue significativa para número de macollos por planta (p = 0,003), número de panojas por planta (p = 0,010), ancho de hoja bandera (p = 0,010) y peso de...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Cebadilla criolla; Componentes del rendimiento; Correlaciones fenotípicas.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202007000200007

Growth and yield of rice cultivars sowed on different dates under tropical conditions
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Garcés-Varon,Gabriel; Restrepo-Díaz,Hermann.
Rice plants are susceptible to low light or high temperature conditions during the reproductive and maturity stages. Two rice cultivars, Fedearroz 50 ('F50') and Fedearroz 733 ('F733'), were planted on three planting dates, January 1st (PD1), February 15th (PD2) and April 1st (PD3), to expose them to different climatic conditions during the different stages of rice development. The experiment was a factorial arrangement. Of the various weather parameters, solar radiation fluctuated the most among the three different planting dates, with PD1 having the highest number of days with values &amp;#8805; 450 cal·cm-2·d-1. The yield components were influenced by the planting time. PD3 showed the lowest number of tillers per unit of area and the highest percentage...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Grain yield; Leaf area index; Planting date; Rice; Solar radiation; Tillers; Unfilled Spikelet percentage.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202015000200008

Effects of contracts and work relationships on salaries and income distribution of workers in the Chilean agricultural sector, 1996 and 2006
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Campos,Jorge; Foster,William.
During the past thirty years the Chilean economy generally and agriculture specifically have grown considerably, raising both per capita GDP and observed real wages of salaried workers. There has been, however, a concern about the country's persistent unequal distribution of income. Among the possible factors associated with income inequality is the relatively infrequent use of contracts in seasonal and occasional work, both strongly present in agriculture. Based on Chilean household surveys (CASEN) for 1996 and 2006, impacts of contracts and work relationships (permanent, seasonal, etc.) on salaries, and their possible contributions to inequality, were measured, accounting for schooling, ethnicity, work experience, geographic zones, and other variables...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Labor; Gender; Income distribution; Inequality; Work contract; Work relationship.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000100001

Protein enrichment of Opuntia ficus-indica using Kluyveromyces marxianus in solid-state fermentation
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Herrera,Esperanza; Murillo,Manuel; Berumen,Leslie; Soto-Cruz,Nicolas O.; Páez-Lerma,Jesús B.
Abstract Opuntia ficus-indica is used in animal feed but has a low protein content (above 4%) in comparison to high-quality forage (above 16%). It is necessary to develop technologies that improve the nutrimental value of Opuntia ficus-indica through the process of solid-state fermentation (SSF). Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the changes in the chemical composition of Opuntia ficus-indica during the SSF with the yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus ITD00262. Kluyveromyces marxianus ITD00262 was grown in glucose, peptone, yeast (GPY) broth, at 28 °C and pH 4.8 for 12 h. Opuntia ficusindica was incubated in SSF at 28 °C without inoculation (T1) or inoculated with K. marxianus ITD00262 (T2). Fermented samples of Opuntia ficus-indica were...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Fermentation; Nutritional quality; Protein; Opuntia; Yeast.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202017000200113

Effect of feeding and housing systems on rumen properties and plasma metabolite stress indicators in autochthonous Spanish Ojalada sheep
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Miguel,José A; Calvo,José L; Ciria,Jesús; Asenjo,Begoña.
To rear lambs of the Ojalada breed, fed exclusively on mothers' milk until 5 weeks, three feeding systems were compared: a) ewes kept indoors and fed chopped straw plus concentrate (IND+CH+C), total mixed ration (TMR); b) ewes kept indoors and fed whole straw in the form of large bales plus concentrate (IND+W+C), TMR; and c) free-range grazing plus concentrate (GR+C; control group). Parameters related to ruminal fermentation (pH, NH3-N concentration and proportion of volatile fatty acids (VFAs)) in 40 sheep during a production cycle were monitored. The plasma concentrations of stress-related metabolites (i.e., glucose, lactate, phosphate, creatine kinase (CK), cortisol and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs)) during a production cycle and in 10 sheep during...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Barley straw; Ewe; Grazing; Local Spanish breed.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202015000100007

Preference for oils with different types of genetic modifcations in Temuco, Araucanía Region, Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Schnettler,Berta; González,Abel; Avila,Richard; Miranda,Horacio; Sepúlveda,José; Denegri,Marianela.
Considering that attitudes towards biotechnology depend on the type of modifcation used, a study was performed to determine the importance of the type of Genetic Modifcation (GM) in preferences for oil purchased by consumers in Temuco (Araucanía Region, Chile) and the existence of different market segments using a survey of 400 people. A conjoint analysis demonstrated that the type of GM (70.3%) was more important than the price of the oil (29.7%). Four segments were distinguished using an analysis of hierarchical conglomerates, but the type of GM was the most important factor in all segments. Two groups preferred oil without GM and oil with GM that reduces the use of pesticides and rejected oil with GM that increases calcium content; the larger of these...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Oil; Transgenic foodstuffs; Market segmentation; Type of genetic modifcation.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202010000100002

Tiller population density and productivity in tall fescue and prairie grass swards
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Scheneiter,Jorge; Assuero,Silvia.
This study examined the relationship between herbage mass and tiller population density in terms of size/density compensation theory, in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) and prairie grass (Bromus catharticus Vhal) swards. Tall fescue herbage mass and tiller density information was collected from an experiment where two nitrogen levels, two seeding arrangements and two grazing frequencies were evaluated. In prairie grass, the same information was obtained from swards managed with two levels of defoliation frequency and intensity. In tall fescue size density compensation mechanisms were observed when nitrogen nutrition limitation was overecome. Prairie grass showed less phenotypic plasticity than tall fescue and density/compensation mechanisms were...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Festuca arundinacea; Bromus catharticus; Herbage mass; Tillers; Size/density compensation.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202010000200004

Volcanic materials as carriers for the formulation of mycoinsecticides using the fungus Beauveria bassiana
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Sy,Victoria E; Schalamuk,Santiago; Scorsetti,Ana C; Botto,Irma L.
Improvements in the formulation of biological insecticides are crucial to increase their stability and competitiveness in the market. The aim of this work was to evaluate the use of volcanic materials with different hydric retention capacities to increase the thermotolerance of B. bassiana conidia. Two pyroclastic rocks and a zeolite clinoptilolite were selected for this study. In addition, a commercial silica gel was used due to its reported capacity to increase conidial thermotolerance. Dry conidia were mixed with the materials to obtain a 2% w/w granular formulation, while conidial powder alone served as the control. Mixtures were stored at room temperature for 30 days and then exposed to 50 °C for two hours, and the viability was measured before and...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Biological insecticide; Entomopathogenic fungus; Thermotolerance; Volcanic ash.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202016000200010

Physicochemical and microbiological changes in gutted and ungutted red tilapia (Oreochromis ssp) stored in ice
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Ruíz-Osorio,Yaneth L; Amorocho-Cruz,Claudia M; Gutiérrez-Guzmán,Nelson.
We assessed the degree of freshness of gutted and ungutted red tilapia (Oreochromis ssp) using physicochemical and microbiological analyses of samples of gutted red tilapia on days 0, 3, 5, 8, 11, 14 and 17 and of ungutted red tilapia on days 0, 3, 6, 9, 11, 14 and 16. The total sample size was five fish stored in ice at temperatures between 0 and 4 °C. Different methods were used to study the degree of freshness: pH, water holding capacity (WHC) and microbiological analysis (aerobic mesophilic count). Once we obtained the results, a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine possible correlations between the values of deterioration and the data obtained by other analysis methods. The one-way ANOVA showed that statistically significant...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Aerobic mesophilic bacteria; Fishes; PH; Storage; Water holding capacity; WHC.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202015000200012

Storage, size and vigor of &amp;#8216;Esther&amp;#8217; avocado seeds (Persea americana Mill.)
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Gálvez-Cendegui,Luisa; Peñaloza,Patricia; Oyanedel,Eduardo; Castro,Mónica.
Avocado seeds present high size variability. Larger seeds, such those of the &amp;#8216;Esther&amp;#8217; variety, are preferred when nurse seeds are used. Even though they are considered recalcitrant seeds, they are stored for propagation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the combined effect of three storage periods and three sizes of &amp;#8216;Esther&amp;#8217; avocado seeds on vigor, in terms of electrolyte leakage, and seedling length and diameter. The experiment was conducted using a completely randomized factorial design. The factors were time in storage (10, 30 and 100 d at 5 °C and 80% relative humidity) and seed size (small, medium and large). Electrolyte leakage was evaluated as a measure of seed vigor, growth and later development of the...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Avocado propagation; Nurse seed; Plant growth; Recalcitrant seed; Seed quality; Vigor test.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202017000100010

Determination of harvest maturity of D'Agen plums using the chlorophyll absorbance index
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Infante,Rodrigo; Rubio,Pía; Contador,Loreto; Noferini,Massimo; Costa,Guglielmo.
The objective determination of the optimal harvest date for plums intended either for industrial processing or for consumption as fresh fruit is a fundamental concern of the fruit industry. A portable visible/near infrared (Vis/NIR) spectroscopic device was used to sort D'Agen plums harvested around the traditional commercial harvest date. The chlorophyll absorbance index was found to be capable of segregating plums into classes of maturity according to various concentrations of soluble solids and fruit compression strenght values. Fruits with a chlorophyll absorbance index value of less than 1.59 showed no differences in flesh firmness. Plums harvested with chlorophyll absorbance index values of 1.20-1.29 had a fruit compression strenght of 1.25 N and a...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: European plum; Harvest; Maturity; Vis/NIR.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202011000200004

The influence of seed coating on the vigor and early seedling growth of barley
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Corlett,Francisco M.F; Rufino,Cassyo de A; Vieira,Jucilayne F; Tavares,Lizandro C; Tunes,Lilian V.M; Barros,Antonio C.S.A.
Seed coating is a process in which a thin and uniform polymer layer is deposited on the surface of a seed. The objective of this study was to evaluate the vigor of barley seed coated with a commercial polymer and various combinations of calcium, silicon and fungicide. In addition to a control with only the polymer coating, a total of 17 seed coating treatments were used in a completely randomized factorial design (18 treatments × 4 replicates per treatment). Calcium and silicon were applied at concentrations of 0, 25 or 50 g kg¹ of seed, and 0 or 3.0 mL of fungicide was applied. The means were compared using a Duncan test (P&amp;#8804;0.05). The results showed that a coating of polymer, fungicide, calcium and silicon did not affect the physiological...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Seed protection; Physiological quality; Seed quality.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202014000100013

Local influence when fitting Gaussian spatial linear models: an agriculture application
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Grzegozewski,Denise M; Uribe-Opaz,Miguel A; De Bastiani,Fernanda; Galea,Manuel.
D.M. Grzegozewski, M.A. Uribe-Opazo, F. De Bastiani, and M. Galea. 2013. Local influence when fitting Gaussian spatial linear models: an agriculture application. Cien. Inv. Agr. 40(3): 523-535. Outliers can adversely affect how data fit into a model. Obviously, an analysis of dependent data is different from that of independent data. In the latter, i.e., in cases involving spatial data, local outliers can differ from the data in the neighborhood. In this article, we used the local influence technique to identify influential points in the response variables using two different schemes of perturbations. We applied this technique to soil chemical properties and soybean yield. We evaluated the effects of the influential points on the spatial model selection,...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Geostatistical; Influence diagnostics; Maximum likelihood; Outliers; Spatial variability.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000300006

Herramientas Biotecnológicas en Fitopatología
Provedor de dados: 118
Tipo: Journal article
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202008000100009

Effect of water stress on herbicide efficiency applied to Urochloa decumbens
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Rocha-Pereira,Maria R; Klar,Antônio E; Martins,Dagoberto; Ferreira de Souza,Guilherme S; Villalba,Juana.
This project aimed to measure the control efficiency of Acetil Coenzime A Carboxilase (ACCase)-inhibiting herbicides post-emergence applied to Urochloa decumbens (Stapf) R.D. Webster under different soil water contents. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agronomic Sciences, UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo. The experimental design was a completely randomized design with four replications, consisting of a 9 x 4 factorial, combined with three water management systems (-0.03, -0.07 and -1.5 MPa) and three herbicides (fluazifop-p-butyl, haloxyfop-methyl and sethoxydim + oil using four doses (100, 50, 25 and 0% of the recommended dose). Herbicide applications were conducted at two vegetative stages for all...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Chemical control; Graminicide; Water restriction; Weed.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000100018

Efecto del sistema y densidad de la almaciguera en el cultivo de cebolla (Allium cepa)
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Gómez,César; Oberpaur,Christel.
Los almacigos de cebolla (Allium cepa) se siembran en suelo o en contenedores (alvéolos) de reducido volumen, en alta densidad, sin considerar el efecto del tamaño del contenedor en el crecimiento del cultivo. Con el propósito de estudiar el efecto del sistema y densidad de la almaciguera se realizaron dos ensayos (almacigo y transplante) en la Región Metropolitana (entre 33,3° y 34° lat. sur), Chile. Se empleó cebolla cv. Grano de Oro, cultivar de día largo destinado para guarda, en la temporada 2004-2005. La siembra de almacigos para transplante a raíz cubierta se estudió en contenedores con 286 (10 cm³), 432 (10 cm³) y 814 (5 cm³) alvéolos, correspondiendo a 1144 (DI), 1728 (D2) y 3256 (D3) plantas/m² y para trasplante a raíz desnuda en cajoneras, con...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Almacigo; Bandeja; Cajonera; Densidad de planta; Transplante.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202007000300004

The domestic pig (Sus scrofa domestica) as a model for evaluating nutritional and metabolic consequences of bariatric surgery practiced on morbid obese humans
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Gandarillas,Mónica; Bas,Fernando.
The prevalence of obesity has increased dramatically over the last 20 years. Moreover, morbid obese patients routinely suffer from serious medical problems, especially cardiovascular disease. Medical therapy for morbid obesity offers no substantial long-term benefit, and thus the first choice therapy for severe obesity is effectively surgery. Gastrointestinal surgery for obesity, also called bariatric surgery, alters the digestive process by limiting food intake and facilitating malabsorption of nutrients from the diet. This arricie reviews the types and evolution of morbid obesity surgery performed in humans and proposes the pig model as an alternative when practicing new surgical techniques or improving actual procedures, as well as to evaluate the...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Bariatric surgery; Human obesity; Obesity; Pig nutrition; Swine nutrition.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202009000200002

Chemical and physical characterization of Opuntia spp. seeds grown in Hidalgo State, Mexico
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Prieto-García,Francisco; Prieto Méndez,Judith; Acevedo Sandoval,Otilio A; Canales Flores,Roberto A; Marmolejo Santillán,Yolanda.
Nopal fruits (Opuntia spp.) represent a valuable food in various Latin America countries. Typically, the seeds are discarded. However, they could contain basic components that might enable their use as a nutritional supplement or as another product convenient for the food industry. The objective of this paper was to perform a physical and chemical characterization of the seeds of three species of Opuntia (O. Heliabravoana, O. Xoconostle, and O. ficus-indica) to provide data that will help determine their potential use. Fruits were collected in different municipalities of Hidalgo State, Mexico; its seeds were extracted, dried, and analyzed. The results reveal that, except for small differences, the seeds had similarity in the physical characteristics of...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Cactaceae; Electron microscope; Heavy metals; Particle size; Prickly pear; Proximal analysis.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202016000100013

Toxicological effect from the stem cortex of the amazonic plant soapberry Paullinia clavigera (Sapindaceae) upon three arthropods
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Pérez,Diana; lannacone,José; Pinedo,Harvey.
Toxicological efifects of four extracts proceeding from the stem cortex of the amazonic plant Paullinia clavigera D.R. Simpson (Sapindaceae) by decoction, ethanolic, chlorophormic and hexanic on three arthropods: Rhynchophoruspalmarían (Linnaeus, 1758) (Curculionidae), Eupalamides cyparissias (Fabricius, 1777) (Castniidae) and Artemia franciscana (Kellog, 1906) (Artemiidae) in Ucayali, Peru were studied. The four extracts at the highest concentration tested were: decoction at a proportion 1:10 (w/v), ethanolic, chlorophormic and hexanic at 100 mg·L-1. Toxic effects were evaluated at 12,24,48 and 72 hours on larvae of III in star of R. palmarum and larvae of II instar of E. cyparissias; and at 24 and 48 hours on nauplii of A. franciscana. Toxicity in terms...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Artemia franciscana; Botanical insecticide; Ecotoxicology; Eupalamides cyparissias; Paullinia clavigera; Rhynchophorus palmarum.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202010000300012

Human resource management in small and medium-sized vineyards in Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Pérez Arrau,Gregorio; Muñoz Medina,Felipe.
G. Pérez Arrau, and F. Muñoz Medina. 2014. Human resource management in small and medium-sized vineyards in Chile. Cien. Inv. Agr. 41(2): 141-151. The focus of this paper is the identification of human resource management practices in small and medium-sized vineyards in Chile, identifying agents and relevant groups that allow a better understanding of how these companies manage their human resources. The research is based on 22 interviews held with personnel managers and key informants from a total of 16 wine-producing vineyards between 2009 and 2012. The research involved collecting studies and analyzing the specialized literature on human resource management in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The research highlights the features, relevant...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Human resource management; Wine industry; SMEs; Chile.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202014000200001

A simple method for estimating suitable territory for bioenergy species in Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Morales-Salinas,Luis; Acevedo,Edmundo; Castellaro,Giorgio; Román-Osorio,Luis; Morales-Inostroza,Jael; Alonso,Máximo F.
In the past 20 years, different areas of research concerning native and exotic species, herbaceous crops and forest plantations have been oriented toward satisfying domestic, industrial and transportation energy requirements. Because bioenergy species constitute an important resource, it would be strategic for a country to have a method for identifying areas suitable for their cultivation to properly incorporate the establishment of energy crops into land use planning. In this study, we sought to define the suitable territories for 16 bioenergy species and their energy potential based on their soil and climate requirements in Central and Southern Chile. We used an adapted version of the FAO EcoCrop database implemented through DIVA-GIS software to predict...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Bioenergy species; EcoCrop; Ecological niche model; Land suitability.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202015000200009

Preparation and evaluation of pickles made from asparagus waste stems
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Loyola,Nelson; Duarte,Oscar; Acuña,Carlos.
The general objective of this research was to evaluate the color stability of pickled asparagus with time. The salt addition time, with respect to the color maintenance of the asparagus sprouts, and the sensory acceptability of the final products were determined in this study. Discarded asparagus stems from Longaví (Linares province), located in the central-south area of Chile, were used. The pickle preparation and sensory evaluation analysis were carried out at the Universidad Católica del Maule in Curicó, Chile. Microbiological analysis was carried out separately at a private laboratory. The pickles were prepared with three different salt concentration treatments: 2.5, 7 and 9%. The sensory and microbiological attributes were evaluated after three...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Asparagus; Pickles; Preservation and sensory evaluation.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000200012

Alternative plants hosts of legume aphids and predators in the province of León, Spain
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Bertolaccini,Isabel; Núñez-Pérez,Etelvina; Tizado,Emilio Jorge.
The study was done during the spring, summer and fall of 1998 and 1999. Samples were taken at random from legume crops and spontaneous plants adjacent to them in the province of León (Spain). Observations were made on the following crops: Medicago sativa, Phaseolus vulgaris, Pisum sativum, Cicer arietinum, Trifolium repens, Vicia fava, Trifolium pratense, Vicia ervilia, Lathyrus cicera, Lathyrus sativus, Trigonella foenum-graecum, Lupinus albus, Lupinus angustifolius and Lens esculenta. Twenty three families of spontaneous plants were observed. The aphid species and their population densities on the spontaneous plants and crop plants were recorded, as was the presence of members of the families Coccinellidae, Syrphidae and Chrysopidae. The plant families...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; Chrysopidae; Coccinellidae; Fabaceae; Spontaneous plants; Syrphidae.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202011000200009

Controlled release formulations of herbicides based on micro-encapsulation
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Sopeña,Fátima; Maqueda,Celia; Morillo,Esmeralda.
Annual worldwide losses to weeds are estimated to comprise approximately 10-15% of attainable production among principal food sources. Worldwide consumption of herbicides represents 47.5% of the 2 million tons of pesticide consumed each year. However, the heavy use of herbicides has given rise to serious environmental and public health problems. It is therefore important to develop new herbicide formulations that are highly effective, that are safer (for the worker and for the environment), and that involve a low cost/production ratio. In this sense, Controlled release formulations of herbicides have become necessary in recent years, since they often increase herbicide efficacy at reduced doses. The present work reviews in detall the components of various...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Adjuvant; Contamination; Control; Delivery system; Formulations; Herbicide; Micro-encapsulation; Weed control.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202009000100002

Resistance assessment of grapevine rootstocks used in Chile to the root-knot nematodes Meloidogyne ethiopica, M. hapla, and M. javanica
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Aballay,Erwin; Vilches,Oscar.
The rootstocks 1103 P, 101-14, K 5BB, SO4, and 3309 were assessed to determine their resistance to the three common Meloidogyne species present in Chilean vineyards, M. ethiopica, the most frequent species, M. hapla and M. javanica. Their response was compared to three ungrafted cultivars, Thompson Seedless, Pinot Noir and Chardonnay. To perform this study, two month-old plants produced from cuttings were inoculated with 5,000 eggs per 3-L pots, filled with steamed substrate and kept in a glasshouse covered with a black mesh to intercept 30% of sun light and avoid heating of the substrates. After a growth period of six months, plants were removed from the pots, and resistance was determined by measuring root weights, the number of galls and eggs per g of...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Plant-parasitic nematodes; Root pests; Vitis vinifera; Vineyards.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202015000300009

Proximal causes of genetic variation between and within populations of rauli (Nothofagus nervosa)
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Carrasco,Basilio; Garnier,Maurice; Eaton,Lafayette; Guevara,Rafael; Carú,Margarita.
Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA(RAPD)markers were used to assess the genetic diversity of 587 individuals, belonging to 22 populations of Nothofagus nervosa that were distributed through the Coastal (38°S to 41 °S) and Andes Mountains in Central-Southern Chile (36°S to 40°S). The objective of this study was to complement the genetic inferences previously determined by isozyme analysis, in order to obtain more accurate genetic diversity estimations. We scored 81.8% of the polymorphic loci of the samples tested. The average incidence of genetic polymorphism within populations was high, with values ranging between 33% and 63%. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed most of the genetic variation was distributed within populations (87.6%), but FST...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Genetic structure; Nothofagus; RAPD markers.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202009000200007

Characterization of resistance expression in genotypes of Solanum Section Lycopersicon against Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Vitta,Nancy; Estay,Patricia; Chorbadjian,Rodrigo A.
N. Vitta, P. Estay, and Chorbadjian, R.A. 2016. Characterization of resistance expression in genotypes of Solanum Section Lycopersicon against Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). Cien. Inv. Agr. 43(3):366-373. Two studies were conducted with the aim of characterizing the antixenosis and antibiosis resistance expression of genotypes in the Solanum section Lycopersicon against Tuta absoluta (Meyrick). The species used were S. lycopersicum (Fiorentino, Naomi and Belle), S. habrochaites (RCAT030597, PI126446), S. chilense (INIABB79), S. peruvianum (RCAT031296, RCAT039874 and RCAT030403) and S. pimpinellifolium (PI390739). For the antixenosis bioassay, a leaf was removed from plants of each genotype and placed in a cup with a floral foam soaked in water....
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Antibiosis; Antixenosis; Host plant resistance; Insect-plant interactions; Tomato.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202016000300003

Molecular characterization of Lotus corniculatus cultivars using transferable microsatellite markers
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Alem,Diego; Narancio,Rafael; Díaz Dellavalle,Paola; Rebuffo,Mónica; Zarza,Rodrigo; Dalla Rizza,Marco.
Lotus corniculatus L. is the most important agricultural species in the genus Lotus and is the most widely distributed Lotus species worldwide. L. corniculatus genotypes form complex groups that are difficult to recognize both morphologically and biochemically. Given the extensive and expensive process of isolating Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR, also called microsatellites), the possibility of using microsatellites already identified in related species is highly attractive. The aim of this work was the identification and validation of transferable microsatellite markers in L. corniculatus, and using those markers to study the genetic variability among four cultivars. Each cultivar of L. corniculatus was represented by 15 genotypes. Ten microsatellite...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Genetic variability; Lotus japonicus; SSR.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202011000300015

Estimation of soil erosionability in the stream basin of Pillahuinco Grande, Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Gaspari,Fernanda J; Rodríguez Vagaría,Alfonso M; Senisterra,Gabriela E.
In a hydrographic watershed, the erosionability (K factor) of the soil evaluation depends on the technical resources, developed applied sciences, and spatial technology available. For the determination of erosionability in the watershed of Pillahuinco Grande s Creek (Argentina) (38°S, 61°15'W), the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) was used by applying a geographic information system (GIS) for the cartographic evaluation. A database of geological, environmental, and soil associations was developed, which indicated that geomorphologic variability, caused by geology and soil, significantly determines the spatial variation of the K factor values, in a range from 0.02 to 0.69 ((t·m²·h)·(ha·J·cm)-1). A new quantification was determined with the simplified K...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: GIS; Soil; Soil erosion; USLE; Watershed.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202009000100003

The inclusión of distiller&amp;#8217;s dried com grains with solubles in the feed of laying hens during the production stage
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Rodríguez-Ríos,Hernán E; Campos-Parra,Jorge A; Williams-Salinas,Pamela A; Blanck-Heimann,Markus H; Astudillo-Neira,Rita G; Grande-Cano,Jesús D.
H.E. Rodríguez-Ríos, J.A. Campos-Parra, P.A. Williams-Salinas, M.H. Blanck-Heimann, R.G. Astudillo-Neira, and J.D. Grande-Cano. 2015. The inclusion of distiller&amp;#8217;s dried corn grains with solubles in the feed of laying hens during the production stage. Cien. Inv. Agr. 42(3): 331-339. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of distiller&amp;#8217;s dried corn grains with solubles (DDGS) in the diet of laying hens on their productive parameters (live weight, laying percentage, and feed intake) and egg quality (egg weight, mass, yolk color and shell thickness). This study was conducted in the Andes Mountains in Parral, Chile. It covered a span of 13 weeks of productive egg laying, ranging from the 31st to the 44th week of life of the hens. The...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Egg production; Hy-Line Brown; Soybean bran.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202015000300002

Insect diversity, community composition and damage index on wild and cultivated murtilla
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Chacón-Fuentes,Manuel A; Lizama,Marcelo G; Parra,Leonardo J; Seguel,Ivette E; Quiroz,Andrés E.
Plant domestication is a process in which plants&amp;#8217; chemical defenses that help them cope with herbivores might decline. Consequences of this process could be reflected in an increase in insect pests. Therefore, we carried out a survey to contrast the diversity, damage indexes and insect assemblages between cultivated and wild "Murtilla" (Ugni molinae) plants. The main scientific question put forward in this paper is as follows: Is there a decrease in diversity and an increase in both insect assemblages and damage indexes associated with the domestication process in U. molinae plants? The objective of this report was to compare the structure of a taxonomic assemblage collected in both wild and cultivated plants and their temporal variation over the...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Damage index; Domestication; Insect diversity; Ugni molinae.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202016000100006

The use of actometry and electronic nose devices to assess the locomotor activity of two species of Coccinellidae (Coleoptera)
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Heit,Guillermo; Messina,Valeria; Mareggiani,Graciela; Cohen,Rosa; Carrizo,Paola.
The effect of odor signals on the locomotor activity of Cycloneda sanguinea and Harmonia axyridis was evaluated using two different actometric devices. The purpose of the analysis was to differentiate between the responses elicited by direct contact with the substrates and the responses that occurred if the coccinellids were exposed only to volátiles and had no direct substrate contact. The odor profile of the environmental volátiles (semiochemicals) in the bioassays was analyzed using an electronic nose (Modular Sensor System Moses II). The treatments used included volatiles emitted by pepper leaves (healthy or infested with Myzus persicae), M. persicae molts and honeydew, and healthy leaves treated with an artificial inducer of the systemic acquired...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Acibenzolar-S-methyl; Coccinellidae; Electronic nose; Locomotor activity; Semiochemicals.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202011000200012

Comparison of the chemical composition and anti-methanogenic potential of Liquidambar orientalis leaves with Laurus nobilis and Eucalyptus globulus leaves using an in vitro gas production technique
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Ulger,Ismail; Kamalak,Adem; Kurt,Ozer; Kaya,Emrah; Guven,Inan.
The aim of the present study was to compare the leaves of Liquidambar orientalis with the leaves of Laurus nobilis and Eucalyptus globulus in terms of their chemical composition and anti-methanogenic potential using an in vitro gas production technique. Species had a significant effect on the chemical composition, gas production, methane production, metabolizable energy and organic matter digestibility of the tree leaves. The crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and condensed tannin (CT) contents of the tree leaves ranged from 9.11 to 12.8, 22.49 to 35.85, 32.76 to 49.31, and 1.55 to 9.29%, respectively. The gas production, methane production, metabolizable energy (ME) and organic matter digestibility (OMD) ranged...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Anti-methanogenic potential; Chemical composition; Digestibility; L. orientalis leaves; Metabolizable energy.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202017000100008

Analysis of the echolocation calis and morphometry of a population of Myotis chiloensis (Waterhouse, 1838) from the southern Chilean temperate forest
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Ossa,Gonzalo; Ibarra,José Tomás; Barboza,Kathrin; Hernández,Felipe; Gálvez,Nicolás; Laker,Jerry; Bonacic,Cristián.
Echolocation is characteristic of bats of the suborder Microchiroptera. Though recent studies of echolocation calis in Latin America have generated significant advances in knowledge about distribution, habitat use and ecology of bats, the recording and analysis of bat calis is barely known in Chile. As a first step in studies on the ecology of the endemic Chilean myotis bat (Myotis chiloensis), we carried out morphometric measures and analyzed echolocation calis in a rural site near Pucón (39°15'S 17°W) in the Araucanía Region of southern Chile. During January 2009, we obtained 22 records from captured and 75 records from fiying individuals. The analysis of calis in searching phase showed that the terminal frequency for this species is 43.4 ±1.2 kHz, with...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Myotis chiloensis; Echolocation; Morphometrics; Bats; Chiroptera; Temperate rainforest; Chile.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202010000200013

Characteristics of banana fruits (Musa spp. AAA, cv. Nanica) treated with cytokinin and gibberellin
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Lima,Juliana D; Santa Rosa,Jéssica; Gomes,Eduardo N; Rozane,Danilo E; Modenese-Gorla da Silva,Silvia H.
The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of cytokinin and gibberellin on the characteristics of banana fruits (Musa spp. AAA, cv. Nanica) as a function of the formation period and position in the bunch. A completely randomized, 2x5 factorial design was adopted consisting of two bunch development periods (summer and winter) and five treatments as well as the same arrangement in a split plot with the 2×5 factorial arrangement as the plot and the position of the hand in the bunch (basal, middle and apical) as the subplot. Treatments consisted of spraying twice with either water, 150 mg L-1 of kinetin, 200 mg L-1 of gibberellic acid, 100 mg L-1 of kinetin plus 200 mg L-1 of gibberellic acid or 200 mgL-1 of kinetin plus 200 mg L-1 of gibberellic acid,...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Growth regulators; Intra-bunch variability; Source-sink relationship.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202016000200005

Optimal subdivision of land in agrarian reform projects: an analysis using genetic algorithms
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Ferreira Neto,José Ambrósio; Carneiro dos Santos Junior,Edgard; Fra Paleo,Urbano; Miranda Barros,David; César de Oliveira Moreira,Mayron.
The objective of this manuscript is to develop a new procedure to achieve optimal land subdivision using genetic algorithms (GA). The genetic algorithm was tested in the rural settlement of Veredas, located in Minas Gerais, Brazil. This implementation was based on the land aptitude and its productivity index. The sequence of tests in the study was carried out in two areas with eight different agricultural aptitude classes, including one area of 391.88 ha subdivided into 12 lots and another of 404.1763 ha subdivided into 14 lots. The effectiveness of the method was measured using the shunting line standard value of a parceled area lot's productivity index. To evaluate each parameter, a sequence of 15 calculations was performed to record the best individual...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Agrarian reform; Genetic algorithm; Rural settlement; Spatial planning.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202011000200001

Effects of supplementary irrigation on chemical and physical soil properties in the rolling pampa region of Argentina
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Mon,Rodolfo; Irurtia,Carlos; Fernando Botta,Guido; Pozzolo,Oscar; Bellora Melcón,Fernando; Rivero,David; Bomben,Miguel.
The effects of supplementary irrigation on soil chemical and physical properties were studied in 21 locations in the north of the rolling pampa region of Argentina. The chemical and physical variables were measured in top soil (0-100 mm) to compare irrigated and non-irrigated soils. Chemical variables were: electrical conductivity (EC), pH, exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP), and organic mater content. Physical variables included structural index (SI) and percolation index (PI) measured in the laboratory, as well as infiltration, runoff, and soil losses, measured in the field with a small portable rainfall simulator. Water quality was established according to its chemical composition and Riverside USA classification. In irrigated soils, chemical data...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Erosion risk; Infiltration; Sodication; Supplementary irrigation.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202007000300002

Phenological cycle and floral development of Chloraea crispa (Orchidaceae)
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Steinfort,Ursula; Cisternas,Mauricio A; García,Rolando; Vogel,Hermine; Verdugo,Gabriela.
Chloraea crispa Lindl. is a terrestrial orchid endemic to Chile that has potential to be a novel alternative for the cut flower industry. The objectives of this study were to describe the phenological cycle and floral bud development of C. crispa to determine the timing of initiation and differentiation of the spike. During the summer, plants are dormant. The renewal buds are located at the top of the rhizome, next to the buds from which the shoot of the previous season originated. From the end of summer until the end of winter, the plant is in vegetative growth. From June onward, the flower stalk starts to emerge, and flowering and leaf senescence occur during the spring until the beginning of summer. The renewal buds started forming leaf primordia during...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Chilean orchid; Orchidaceae; Geophyte; Orchid florogenesis; Orchid phenology; Terrestrial orchid.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000200014

Potassium fertilization of cauliflower and broccoli in a potassium-rich soil
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Silva,André L. P; Cecilio Filho,Artur B; Mendoza-Cortez,Juan W; Lima Junior,Joaquim A.
Cauliflower and broccoli are important vegetables but have lacking and divergent information about potassium (K) fertilization in soil with a high K content. Two experiments were carried out from 2-1-2010 to 5-20-2010 in Jaboticabal City, São Paulo, Brazil, aiming to evaluate the effect of different K doses (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg ha'¹ K2O, in potassium chloride) on the yield of cauliflower &amp;#8216;Verona&amp;#8217; and broccoli &amp;#8216;BRO 68&amp;#8217; in Rhodic Eutrudox soil with a high K content. The broccoli and cauliflower responded positively but differently to potassium fertilization. The maximum yield of broccoli (12,476 kg ha-1) was obtained with 160 kg ha-1 K2O, while the yield of cauliflower increased linearly with increasing K dose,...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Brassica oleracea var; Botrytis; Brassica oleracea var; Italica; Productivity.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202016000100014

Region-level yield and area price elasticities for Chilean wheat incorporating climate variables
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: González,Sergio; Foster,William.
Wheat yields have increased in Chile in the last thirty years due in part to incentives, increased input use and improved varieties. Region-specific price elasticities of perhectare yields and planted hectares are estimated using region-level data for the period 1975-2007. Price-yield and price-hectare elasticities are similar, although slightly lower than those obtained by Morales and Foster (2002) in all regions, ranging between 0.33 and 0.73 for yields and between 0 and 0.43 for hectares. Values of price elasticity for total production range between 0.38 and 1.12. For two of the regions studied, climate variables were available and their inclusion results in a reduction in of the elasticity of total production with respect to price. The results suggest...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Wheat; Climate variables; Price elasticity.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202010000300004

Available phosphorus in starter diets for meat-type quail
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Oliveira,Renata Gomes de; Freitas Pinheiro,Sandra R; Goulart,Karen B; Pires,Aldrin V; Figueiredo,Frederico de C; Torres-Cordido,Karoll A. Alfonso.
Phosphorus is an important mineral for optimum growth and bone mineralization and is considered the third most expensive nutrient in diets for nonruminants. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the available phosphorus requirements (AP) for meat-type quail in the starter phase (1 to 21 days old). One-day-old, unsexed European quail (375) from the LF1 lineage were used for the study and were housed in pens. The experiment had a completely randomized design, with five treatments (0.13, 0.23, 0.33, 0.43 and 0.53% of AP), each of which included five replicates in 15 birds. Feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and the tibial deposition of phosphorus, calcium, and ash were assessed. The AP levels influenced all studied variables. We calculated...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Calcium; Bone growth; Calcium; Phosphorus ratio; Quail; Calcio; Codornices; Crecimiento óseo; Relación calcio; Fósforo.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202015000100002

Finishing strategies for steers based on pasture or silage plus grain and time on feed and their effects on beef quality
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Morales,Rodrigo; Parga,Julian; Subiabre,Ignacio; Realini,Carolina E.
The aims of the present study were to compare the quality of grain-fed and pasture-fed beef and to assess the effects of two feeding periods on grain for finishing steers. A group of 75 steers were fed one of 5 finishing diets (n = 15 per diet): pasture for 90 d (P), oat grain plus pasture silage for 35 d (SO), oat grain plus pasture silage for 75 d (LO), wheat grain plus pasture silage for 35 d (SW), and wheat grain plus pasture silage for 75 d (LW). The physicochemical and sensory attributes and the fatty acid composition of the longissimus lumborum muscle were determined. The beef from pasture-fed animals tended to be tenderer, darker, less red, and with yellower fat than the beef from grain-fed steers. The beef from steers fed wheat plus silage for 75...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Beef quality; CLA; Fatty acids; Holstein Friesian steers.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202015000100001

Identification and characterization of an original grapevine cultivar (Vitis vinifera) found in Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Gonzalez,Alvaro S; Massera,Franco; Moscoso,Daniel; Hinrichsen,Patricio; Montenegro,Gloria; Laucou,Valerie; Lacombe,Thierry; Boursiquot,Jean-Michel; Pszczólkowski,Philippo.
Currently, many monovarietal vineyards present a minority of mixed cultivars. Some of these cultivars are unknown and could represent an opportunity to discover new and potentially useful genotypes both for research and production purposes. In a 'Carmenère' vineyard planted in 1994 in Palmilla (Colchagua Valley, Chile), a minority presence of other cultivars was found. The present work covers for the first time the identification and characterization of one of these cultivars, which presented a very poor fruit set. Through classic ampelography, it was not possible to associate the studied cultivar with any known cultivar in Chile. However, through a simple sequence repeats (SSR) comparison against the database of the INRA Germplasm Repository "Domaine de...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Ampelography; Chile; Coulure; Molecular markers; Poor fruit set; SSR; Triploid.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202016000200016

Potential in vitro degradability and gas production of the byproducts of the biodiesel chain
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Silva,Aderbal M. de A; Alves,Simone V; Bezerra,Leilson R; Carneiro,Heloisa; Oliveira,Ronaldo L; Medeiros,Fabíola F. de; Filho,José M. Pereira; Araújo,Dário R. C. de.
The objective of this research was to evaluate the in vitro degradability and gas production from different byproducts of the domestic biodiesel industry (Glycine max, Brassica napus L., Helianthus annuus and Raphanus sativus L.) using four increasing levels (0, 30, 50 and 70%) of replacement of Pennisetum purpureum. The inoculum for the in vitro incubations was obtained from three Holstein cows with rumen fistulas. Gas production was measured at 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours of incubation. The experimental design was a completely randomized 4 × 4 factorial arrangement, with byproducts and their levels being the factors. The results showed a significant effect (P &amp;#8804; 0.05) of all byproducts. A higher level of degradation was observed following 48 hours...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Brassica napus L; Helianthus annuus; Nutrition; Raphanus sativus L; Ruminants.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202015000200014

Presence of tetracycline resistant bacteria and genes in grassland-based animal production systems
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: López,Liliana; Santamaría,Johanna; Sánchez,Alexandra; Castro,Lida; Moreno,Jessica L.
This study assessed the presence of tetracycline-resistant bacteria in five different grassland-based production systems dedicated to raising dairy cattle located in the Colombian Andes. Animal (ruminal fluid and feces) and environmental (soil and water) samples were evaluated, and resistant heterotrophic bacteria were found in rumen fluid, feces, soil, and runoff water samples. The resistant bacteria were isolated and identified based on the 16S rDNA region. Subsequently, they were evaluated for the presence of tet genes, which encode ribosomal protection proteins and membrane efflux pumps. The most frequent phyla detected were Firmicutes and Proteobacteria. The most common resistance genes found were tet(W), tet(Q), and tet(M). The nucleotide sequences...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Antimicrobial resistance; Cattle farms; Colombian Andes; Environmental pollution; Tetracycline.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000300002

Effect of an infusion of canelo and bitter lupin on Aegorhinus superciliosus adults
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Quintana,Romina; Palma,Alexis; Rebolledo,Ramón; Aguilera,Alfonso.
A. superciliosus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), known as "cabrito del maitén" (CM) among other names, is an important pest affecting fruit-bearing bushes in southern and central southern Chile. One means of control is the use of organically synthesized insecticides that target the adult, the application of which generally is disadvantageous because these insecticides have long-lasting residual effects and because spraying coincides with flowering and the harvest of the fruit. To complement other pesticides that are more degradable and selective and less harmful to the environment, this work studied the effect of an infusion of canelo buds (Drimys winteri) with leaves and stems of bitter lupin (Lupinus albus) on CM adults. The research evaluated mortality,...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Aegorhinus superciliosus; Aqueous extract; Drimys winteri; Lupinus albus.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202011000300009

A 4-component sex pheromone of the Chilean fruit leaf roller Proeulia auraria (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Reyes-Garcia,Luis; Cuevas,Yuri; Ballesteros,Carolina; Curkovic,Tomislav; Löfstedt,Christer; Bergmann,Jan.
L. Reyes-Garcia, Y. Cuevas, C. Ballesteros, T. Curkovic, C. Löfstedt, and J. Bergmann. 2014. A 4-component sex pheromone of the Chilean fruit leaf roller Proeulia auraria (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Cien. Inv. Agr. 41(2):187-196. The Chilean fruit leaf roller Proeulia auraria is a pest of economically important fruit species. Two compounds attractive to males have been identified as (E)-11-tetradecenyl acetate (E11-14:OAc) and (E)-11-tetradecenol (E11-14:OH) and are currently being used in Chile to monitor this species. Preliminary experiments carried out by our group suggested that the 2-compound mixture might not be optimal for the attraction of males, which prompted us to reinvestigate the sex pheromone of P. auraria in the present study. The pheromone...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Eulia; Euliini; Native species; Sex attractant; Tortricinae.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202014000200005

Aggressive Citrus tristeza virus isolates in Chile are MCA13-positive and VT type, while mild isolates are MCA13-negative and T30 type
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Besoain,Ximena; Bertolini,Edson; Camps,Rocío; Ramella,Fiona; Gorris,María Teresa; Torres,Margarita; Cambra,Mariano.
Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) was reported in the 1960's to affect Meyer lemon trees in Chile, but no field symptoms were observed. This study performed a complete biological, serological and molecular characterization of one hundred CTV isolates obtained from different hosts and geographical origins. Decline symptoms (DI) were not found on trees grafted onto sour orange. In Pica Oasis in northern Chile, stem pitting (SP) was found to affect grapefruit and Mexican lime trees. Most isolates present in the central area were considered mild (MCA-13-negative), while in the northern area aggressive isolates were observed and detected. Some of these isolates were capable of causing SP on grapefruit under field and greenhouse conditions and on sweet orange under...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Biological indexing; CTV; Molecular characterization; Stem pitting; Seedling yellows.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202015000200011

Non-technological innovations in Chilean agricultural firms: what motivates the decision to innovate and the propensity of innovation?
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Fuentes,Rodrigo A; Soto,Ariel R.
Innovations are divided into four types: product, process, marketing and organizational (OECD, 2007). An extensive body of literature on the introduction of technological innovations in Chilean agricultural firms focuses on PP (product and process), but it is very limited with respect to groups of firms and non-technological innovations (MO, marketing and organization). The main objective of this article is to estimate the decision to innovate and the propensity to innovate in non-technological domains in Chilean agricultural firms. A zero-inflated count model is used to estimate, in a combined fashion, both innovation decisions and the propensity to innovate. Two versions of the Encuesta Nacional de Innovación (National Innovation Survey) were merged...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural firms; Propensity to innovate; Non-technological innovation; Zero inflated count.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202015000200004

In vitro and glasshouse biocontrol of Rhizoctonia solani with improved strains of Trichoderma spp.
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Montealegre,Jaime R; Ochoa,Fabián; Besoain,Ximena; Herrera,Rodrigo; Pérez,Luz M.
J.R. Montealegre, F. Ochoa, X. Besoain, R. Herrera, and L.M. Pérez. 2014. In vitro and glasshouse biocontrol of Rhizoctonia solani with improved strains of Trichoderma spp. Cien. Inv. Agr. 41(2):197-206. The potential of Trichoderma spp. fusants for the biocontrol of Rhizoctonia solani was compared with the ability of their corresponding parental strains. Their effect was tested in vitro using two R. solani strains, 509 (AG 2-1) and 618 (AG 4). The highest inhibitions in growth in dual cultures were obtained with the ThF2-1 (89.79%), ThF3-3 (90.55%), ThF4-15 (91.75%) and ThF5-8 (77.67%) fusants on R. solani 509; only ThF2-1 was able to inhibit the growth of R. solani 618 (60.19%). The inhibitory effect on growth was mainly due to diffusible metabolites....
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Biological control; Methyl bromide; Tomato; Solanum lycopersicum.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202014000200006

Aplicación de la Norma Chilena Oficial de denominación de origen botánico de la miel para la caracterización de la producción apícola
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Montenegro,Gloria; Gómez,Miguel; Díaz-Forestier,Javiera; Pizarro,Rodrigo.
La producción apícola chilena se caracteriza por una gran variedad de tipos de mieles, con una alta participación de especies vegetales nativas, las que les otorgan cualidades particulares, debido al alto endemismo de su flora. Alrededor del 95% de la miel producida en Chile es exportada a granel, sin ningún valor agregado, lo que equivale al 1% de participación en el mercado de exportación melífera. Como es imposible tener alguna ingerencia en el comercio mundial de este producto, se hace necesario mejorar la competitividad diferenciando la producción y convirtiéndola en un producto particular, con características únicas. Un avance importante en este sentido ha sido el establecimiento de un sistema de trazabilidad y la implementación de la Norma Chilena...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Abeja; Miel; Origen botánico; Tipificación; Mieles chilenas.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202008000200007

Testing road surface treatments to reduce erosion in forest roads in Honduras
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Rivera,Samuel; Kershner,Jeffrey L; Keller,Gordon R.
Using forest roads produces more erosion and sedimentation than any other forest or agricultural activity. This study evaluated soil losses from a forest road in central Honduras over two consecutive years. We divided a 400-m segment of road into 8 experimental units, each 50 m in length. Four units were treated with Best Management Practices (BMPs) and four were left untreated. The BMP treatments included reshaping the road prism, installing culverts and reshaping of road ditches, compacting 20-cm layers of the road tread, crowning the road surface (3% slope, double drainage), longitudinal sloping (less than 12%), and adding a 10-cm layer of gravel (crush size = 0.63 cm). Soil movement was measured daily during the rainy seasons. The highest soil loss...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Erosion; Forest roads; Honduras; Road surface; Soil; Tropical forest.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202009000300009

Spatial variability of soil chemical attributes and productivity and the chemical and physical properties of oranges
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Nicolau,Rafaela F; Mercante,Erivelto; Maggi,Marcio F; de Souza,Eduardo G; Gasparin,Eloi.
The purpose of this study was to analyze the spatial variability of soil properties and productivity and the chemical and physical properties of oranges (Monte Parnaso variety) in their geographical quadrants. This experiment was conducted in a commercial orange orchard in the municipality of Nova Laranjeiras in the State of Paraná, Brazil. A GPS receiver and a total station were used to measure the spatial location of the fruit and to determine which quadrant they were located in. In this experiment, 13 trees were studied. Twelve fruits were evaluated in each geographical quadrant, and 156 fruits were considered. After harvest, the productivity was expressed as kg per quadrant (kg quadrant-1). Next, physical tests (equatorial diameter (EqD), total fruit...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Citriculture; Geostatistics; Spatial variability.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202014000300006

An ecophysiographic approach for Araucaria araucana regeneration management
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Drake,Fernando; Molina,Juan Ramón; Herrera,Miguel Ángel.
Chilean temperate forests are dominated by Nothofagus and Araucaria araucana species. Despite A. araucana not being at imminent risk of extinction, its cultural value and the associated environmental services and landscape goods have an important role for the conservation of this native forest. In some areas, the future conservation of A. araucana is a cause of great concern given its management prohibition and regeneration limitation due to slow growth, canopy tree competition and dense understory. The above characteristics make this species most susceptible to some disturbances, such as livestock, wildlife and human pressures. Therefore, sustainable management of A. araucana forests requires the assessment of its regeneration condition. The objective of...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Maxent model; Nothofagus species; Seedling establishment; Seedling tree.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000100013

Comparison of methods for determining the color of Chilean honeys and the relationship of color with botanical origin in central Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Martin,María José; Fredes,Carolina; Nuñez,Gabriel; Ginocchio,Rosanna; Montenegro,Gloria.
The color of honey has special relevance in the international market, as different markets demand specific colors of honey. Chile has very diverse native and exotic flora, which are used by bees (Apis mellifera) to produce a range of honey types, including honeys of different colors. In this context, determining the relationships between color and botanical origin among Chilean honeys is very relevant. The objectives of the present study were to compare three methodologies for determining color in Chilean honeys (Pantone®, optical density (OD), and Pfund) and to define the relationship between color and botanical origin of the characterized honeys. The most common honeys from the Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins Region (VI Region) of Chile were Galega...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Honey markets; Melissopalynological analysis; Optical density; Pantone®; Pfund.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202014000300014

The physiological and growth response of Acacia caven under water stress and the application of different levels of biosolids
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Donoso,Sergio; Peña-Rojas,Karen; Pacheco,Cristian; Durán,Sergio; Santelices,Rómulo; Mascaró,Cristóbal.
Acacia caven (Mol.) Mol. (Leguminosae), generally known as "espino," is one of the most common tree species in the Mediterranean region of Chile. This species grows in nutritionally poor soils with low water availability during the summer, so it is very difficult for new seedlings to become established. To investigate the effects of water restriction and the potential benefit of the application of biosolids (sludge bio-dried to 25% moisture) on the growth of the plant, a completely random, two x three factorial design was carried out in controlled nursery conditions under two irrigation regimes (well-watered plants and controlled water restriction) and three biosolid application rates (0:100, 10:90 and 20:80) in a clay substrate. Physiological evaluations...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Biomass; Predawn water potential; Photosynthesis; Shoot:root ratio; Water restriction.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202015000200013

Experimental evaluation of sediment yield in the first year after replacement of pastures by sugarcane
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Youlton,Cristian; Bragion,Ana Paula; Wendland,Edson.
C. Youlton, A. P. Bragion, and E. Wendland. 2016. Experimental evaluation of sediment yield in the first year after replacement of pastures by sugarcane. Cien. Inv. Agr. 43(3): 374383. Sugarcane cultivation has expanded in south-eastern Brazil in the last decade, mainly for biofuel (ethanol) production. This expansion has occurred on land that was originally covered with pasture and used for livestock production. The purpose of this study is to experimentally determine the impact on runoff and erosion produced by replacing pasture with sugarcane. Runoff plots of 100 m² were established at a farm in Itirapina, Sao Paulo (SP), Brazil, on a hill with a 9% slope and sandy soil. An 18-year-old pasture and a new sugarcane plantation were studied. The degrees of...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Land use change; Runoff; Sediment granulometry; Soil erosion.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202016000300005

Effect of substrate on the in vitro protein digestibility of extracts generated by Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Velásquez,Alejandro; Arias,Rodrigo.
A. Velásquez, and R. Arias. 2013. Effect of substrate on the in vitro protein digestibility of extracts generated by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Cien. Inv. Agr. 40(3): 503-511. The in vitro crude protein (CP) digestibility (Divcp), true protein digestibility (Dtp) and degradation rate (kd cp) were measured in different protein extracts of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Sc) yeast. These extracts were generated through a biotechnological method (solid state fermentation). Wheat straw (TWS), barley straw (TBS), chili stubble (TCS), oats hull (TOH) and starch-glucose powder (TSP; control) were used as substrates for fermentation by Sc, and their effect on the aforementioned kinetic parameters in the generated cellular biomass was evaluated. In 12 mL cultivation...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: In vitro protein digestibility; Protein extract; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Vegetable substrates.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000300004

Female calling and male flight orientation and searching behaviors in Callisphyris apicicornis: evidence for a female-produced sex attractant pheromone
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Curkovic,Tomislav; Ferrera,Catalina.
Callisphyris apicicornis is a fruit pest of increasing concern in Chile. To aid in the identification of its sex pheromone for use in the management of this insect, "calling" (pheromone release) of females and "orientation and searching" behaviors of males to calling females were video recorded. Light intensity, wind speed, temperature, time of the day, and the frequency of individuals performing each step within both behavioral sequences were recorded as well. Drawings of the behavioral steps and ethograms (routes and returns) are also provided, including transition frequencies between behavioral steps. The calling behavior of females included diagnostic movements of the abdomen, legs, elytra, and wings, showing similarities to the descriptions of other...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Cerambycidae; Insect age; Light intensity; Pheromone; Sexual behavior.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000100012

Evolución del daño por insolación de manzanas 'Granny Smith' durante el almacenaje refrigerado
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Contreras,Carolina; Zoffoli,Juan Pablo; Alcalde,José Antonio; Ayala,Marlene.
El daño por insolación, golpe de sol o sunburn (Figure 1), es uno de los mayores problemas que afectan la calidad a cosecha de diversos cultivos reduciendo su valor comercial. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue estudiar la evolución de la severidad del daño por golpe de sol leve, moderado y severo en manzanas 'Granny Smith' durante la conservación a 0°C. Frutos con estos niveles de daño fueron previamente tratados con 2000 ]AAs l de difenilamina (DPA) o 625 nLL' de 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP). Además, igual número de frutos sin aplicación de estos productos se dejaron como control. La fruta se almacenó por 3 y 6 meses a 0°C más 15 d a 20°C. Para cada tiempo de almacenaje se evaluó la incidencia de escaldado y la concentración de tríenos conjugados (CTs)...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: DPA; Escaldado; Escaldado superficial; Golpe de sol; Malus; Tríenos conjugados; I-metilciclopropeno.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202008000200004

Innovation in the agricultural sector: Experiences in Latin America
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Chávez,Ricardo X; Lombeida,Emma D; Pazmiño,Álvaro M; Vasconez,Flora del C.
This article is about the evolution of the agrarian sciences and how innovation plays a crucial role in its development. It also notes how not all innovations have had a positive impact on ecosystems and biodiversity. Such is the case for the relentless advancement of agro-industrial production, which oriented toward obtaining more efficiency and profits, and supported by monocultivation and transgenic varieties through intensive and extensive cultivation. Different alternatives that involve the application of present and ancient knowledge must be used to achieve food sovereignty and safety, based on multidisciplinary knowledge, co-production between public Universities, different types of small-scale farmer and research centers supported by inclusive...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Agro-ecology; Agronomy; Food sovereignty and safety; Innovation; Technology.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202015000300016

Nutritional and functional characterization of wild and cultivated Sarcocornia neei grown in Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Riquelme,Javiera; Olaeta,José Antonio; Gálvez,Lena; Undurraga,Pedro; Fuentealba,Claudia; Osses,Andrea; Orellana,Jaime; Gallardo,José; Pedreschi,Romina.
Sarcocornia neei is a halophyte that grows on the coast of the Valparaiso Region of Chile. Studies related to its nutritional and functional value under wild and cultivated conditions are not available. Thus, in this study, a nutritional (complete proximal, mineral and dietary fiber analysis) and functional characterization (total phenolics, &amp;#946;-carotene, hydrophilic and lipophilic antioxidant activity (HAA and LAA) and ascorbic acid) were performed for wild and cultivated plants. Wild plants displayed higher amounts of compounds involved in stress defense mechanisms such as total phenolics, proteins, dietary fiber and ash. The mineral analysis revealed that Na+ and Cl- are the main ions accumulated in wild and cultivated Sarcocornia neei that are...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Antioxidant; Dietary fiber; Proximal analysis; Seawater; Sustainability.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202016000200011

Effect of bulb weight on the growth and flowering of Herbertia lahue subsp. lahue (Iridaceae)
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Morales,Pamela; Schiappacasse,Flavia; Peñailillo,Patricio; Yañez,Paola.
Bulb weight or size is one of the critical factors affecting the vegetative growth and flowering of bulbous species. This study assessed the effect of bulb weight on the growth and flowering of Herbaria lahue subsp. lahue. This bulbous species, commonly known as "lahue," has the potential to be used as an ornamental plant. Lahue bulbs were collected during their dormant period from Tregualemu (Region del Maule), grouped by weight categories and planted in Talca in an unheated polyethylene greenhouse. Phenology data, flowering characteristics and the number of newly formed bulbs were recorded for one season. Plants emerged 2-3 weeks after planting and flowered during the spring, between 8 and 9 months after planting. During fruit set, the leaves began their...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Chilean bulbs; Geophyte; Mediterranean climate.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202009000200010

Diversidad genética y heredabilidad en sentido amplio en agropiro alargado, Thinopyrum ponticum
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Pistorale,Susana M; Abbott,Liliana A; Andrés,Adriana.
Diez poblaciones naturalizadas de agropiro alargado (Thinopyrum ponticum) se evaluaron en un ensayo en bloques completamente aleatorizados, con tres repeticiones. Se analizaron, caracteres morfológicos y reproductivos por planta individual y se estimaron parámetros estadísticos y genéticos. Las comparaciones entre medias de las diez poblaciones, mediante la prueba de t, mostraron diferencias significativas (p &lt; 0,001), lo que indica la gran variabilidad existente entre las poblaciones. Los resultados mostraron que los coeficientes de variación ambiental fueron altos para producción de total de semilla (69,24%), número de macollos (54,93%), número de espigas (48,50%) y producción de materia seca (49,01%), y fueron bajos para largo de espiga (19,11%) y...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Agropiro alargado; Correlaciones fenotípicas; Heredabilidad en sentido amplio; Variabilidad genética.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202008000300003

Influence of the growing region, quality classification and harvest year on the ORAC (Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity) index of Chilean Cabernet Sauvignon red wines
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Bridi,Raquel; Lobato,Sergio; López-Alarcón,Camilo; Lissi,Eduardo.
In the present work, we studied the effect of the growing region (IV, Metropolitan or VI - VII regions), quality classification ("Varietal", "Reserva", and "Gran Reserva") and harvest year (2000-2012) on the total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of thirty-six Chilean Cabernet Sauvignon red wine samples. The Folin-Ciocalteu (FC) and (Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity) ORAC methods, employing fluorescein and pyrogallol red as probes, were applied to establish the properties of the wine samples. The obtained results show a strong dependence at of the three indexes on the grape growing region, with higher values obtained in wines from the IV region. These results can be related to the climatic characteristics of this Region, which include dry...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Cabernet Sauvignon; Chilean red wines; ORAC; Total phenolic content; Growing region; Quality classification; Harvest year.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202014000300012

Effectiveness of isofetamid, a new succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicide, in the control of grapevine gray mold
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Piqueras,Carlos M; Latorre,Bernardo A; Torres,René.
Gray mold is an important disease in grapevines in Chile, and its control depends primarily on the use of fungicides with a single-site mode of action. Botrytis cinerea has a high risk of developing resistance against such fungicides. Therefore, novel chemical options are needed to achieve satisfactory control of gray mold. Isofetamid is a new succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) fungicide with a single-site of action that inhibits cellular respiration and appears to be a new option in the chemical treatment against gray mold. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of isofetamid in controlling grapevine gray mold in Chile. Field trials undertaken in three different commercial vineyards showed that isofetamid controls gray mold to a...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Chemical control; Fenhexamid; Fungicides; Isofetamid; SDHI; Vitis vinifera.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202014000300009

Análisis experimental de tratamientos floculantes de residuos orgánicos derivados de la producción porcina
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: dos Santos,Alexandre L; Mora,Freddy.
La producción porcina se considera un importante segmento de la agroindustria Brasileña, cuyo desarrollo depende en parte de la estrategia ambiental adoptada por las empresas. Se examinaron experimentos de tratamientos de residuos orgánicos en una agroindustria porcina localizada en el sur de Brasil. Los siguientes tipos de floculantes fueron considerados como cinco experimentos independientes: Tipo-1: hidróxido de calcio, Tipo-2: sulfato de aluminio + hidróxido de calcio, Tipo-3: hidróxido de calcio + dolomítico, Tipo-4: dolomítico y Tipo-5: sulfato de aluminio, con las siguientes dosis: 0,00-1,25-2,50-5,00-10,00-20,00 mL. Se analizaron los sólidos totales de la fracción sólida (gm³) en un estudio longitudinal. Un experimento paralelo se realizó para...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Biofertilizante; Cerdos; EG; Floculantes; MLG; Residuos orgánicos; Seudo-verosimilitud.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202007000100006

Current state of and perspectives on cocoa production in Mexico
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Díaz-José,Oscar; Aguilar-Ávila,Jorge; Rendón-Medel,Roberto; Santoyo-Cortés,V. Horacio.
O. Díaz-José, J. Aguilar-Ávila, R. Rendón-Medel, and V.H. Santoyo-Cortés. 2013. Current state of and perspectives on cocoa production in Mexico. Cien. Inv. Agr.40(2): 279-289. Cocoa is one of the principal agricultural and cultural resources of the humid Mexican tropics. At present, the cocoa system is facing an unprecedented production crisis in relation to several factors, including the presence of frosty pod rot (Moniliophthora roreri), plantation neglect and low farm profitability. The aim of this study was to formulate a medium-term plan for cocoa production in Mexico by constructing a Technology Roadmap (TRM). Using an econometric model, production statistics were analyzed for national and international data. Producers participated in 185 surveys,...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Cocoa; Mexican cocoa; Frosty pod rot; Technology roadmap; Theobroma cacao.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000200004

Structural Equation Modeling of lifestyles and consumer attitudes towards organic food by income: a Spanish case study
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Olivas,Raquel; Díaz,Mónica; Bernabéu,Rodolfo.
R. Olivas, M Díaz, and R. Bernabéu. 2013. Structural Equation Modeling of lifestyles and consumer attitudes towards organic food by income: a Spanish case study. Cien. Inv. Agr. 40(2): 265-277. The organic food consumer in Spain is particularly conditioned by the premium prices of these foods and by their lack of availability in shops relative to conventional substitutes. In relation to the first determinant, several studies have revealed a direct relationship between maximum willingness to pay for these foods and consumer income. However, little is known about the influence of consumer attitudes, in relation to lifestyle, on these decisions. To address this issue, face-to-face surveys were conducted with 420 organic food consumers in the Madrid...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Consumer behavior; Marketing strategy; Structural equation modeling.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000200003

Increasing the shelf life of post-harvest table grapes (Vitis vinífera cv. Thompson Seedless) using different packaging material with copper nanoparticles to change the atmosphere
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Loyola López,Nelson E; Carrasco Benavides,Marcos R; Duarte Duarte,Pablo H; Arriola Herrera,Mariela A.
An effective way to control post-harvest rotting of table grapes is the use of sulfur dioxide (SO2). However, under certain conditions, the use of SO2 can cause significant loss, mainly associated with bleaching of the berries. Therefore, it is believed that the use of bags with and without copper nanoparticles that modify the atmosphere will allow for the control of Botrytis cinerea as well as the ability to dispense with the use of sulfur dioxide generation. The objective of this test is to evaluate the use of bags with and without copper nanoparticles that modify atmosphere and to evaluate their ability to control post-harvest B. cinerea, as well as their effect on the conservation of physical and chemical characteristics of table grapes. The results...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Modification of atmosphere; Rotting; Sulfur dioxide (SO2).
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202017000100006

Seedling vigor variation among 80 recombinant chromosome substitution lines (RCSL) of barley (Hordeum vulgare)
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Inostroza,Luis; Quezada,Celerino; Inostroza,Wladimir; Matus,Iván; Tapia,Maritza; del Pozo,Alejandro.
The seedling vigor of 80 barley recombinant chromosome substitution lines (RCSLs) was measured for selecting high seedling vigor genotypes. The RCSLs were derived from a cross between H. vulgare subsp. spontaneum and H. vulgare subsp. vulgare 'Harrington'. The work was carried out under greenhouse conditions during the summer of 2008. The experimental design was an alpha lattice with 3 replicates. In each replicate, 40 plants were established, distributed in eight polyethylene pots containing sand as substrate, which were fertilized an irrigated. The emergence of seedlings, number of leaves and shoots, dry matter of leaves, shoots and roots and leaf area of fully expanded leaves were measured. In addition, growth indices were calculated: emergence rate,...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Plant growth analysis; Relative growth rate; Net assimilation rate; Allometric coefficient.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202011000100013

Nutraceutícal quality of cantaloupe melon fruits produced under fertilization wíth organíc nutríent Solutions
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Preciado-Rangel,Pablo; García-Villela,Karla M; Fortis-Hernández,Manuel; Trejo Valencia,Radamés; Rueda Puente,Edgar O; Esparza-Rivera,Juan R.
Consumption of fruits and vegetables provides natural antioxidants in the human diet that are capable of preventing diseases resulting from the action of free radicals. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of organic nutrient solutions on the nutraceutical quality of hydroponic cantaloupe melon (Cucumis melo L.) produced under greenhouse conditions. The applied organic solutions consisted of compost and vermicompost teas and vermicompost leachate, while Steiner nutrient solution was used as a control. Analytical tests were run to determine the antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content of the melon fruits. The nutraceutical quality (antioxidant capacity and phenolic content) of the fruits fertilized with the organic solutions was...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Antioxidant capacity; Cucumis melo; Nutraceutical; Organic fertilization.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202015000300015

Performance of confined and grazing lambs fed diets with different mineral-concentrate supplements
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Silva,Aderbal M. de A; Bezerra,Leilson R; Rufino,Sara R. M; Filho,José M. Pereira; Freire,Juliana M; da Silva,Divan S; Oliveira,Ronaldo L; Bayão,Geraldo F. V.
For confined animals, performance is improved when their diet is supplemented with a mineral mixture and protein energy. This study evaluated the effect of dietary supplementation on feedlot sheep on native pasture. Two experiments were conducted in sequence, with the animals constrained in one and animals confined to pasture in the other. The experiments were conducted with 32 Santa Ines lambs, with average initial weights of 16.8 and 19.9 kg for the constrained and pasture studies, respectively. In both experiments, the animals were offered the following supplements: Supplement 1 = 200 g of the concentrate without mineral mixture; Supplement 2 = 200 g of the concentrate with mineral mixture + Mn + Zn; Supplement 3 = 300 g of the concentrate with mineral...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Dry matter; Feed conversion; Manganese; Ovine; Zinc.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202014000300001

Assessing long- and short-term trends in cereal yields: the case of Chile between 1929 and 2009
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Engler,Alejandra; del Pozo,Alejandro.
Cereal grain yields have increased worldwide during the 20th century as a consequence of plant breeding, improved cultural practices and intensive use of inputs. However, there is evidence that there are differences in yield pattern evolution across countries and cereals. The purpose of this study was to compare trends in the yields of the most commonly produced cereals in Chile, namely wheat, oat, barley, maize and rice, to identify similarities in trends across crops and to estimate long-term growth rates in the yields and their changes over time. Data for wheat, barley, oat, rice and maize yields between 1929 and 2009 were obtained from the Chilean Oficina de Estudios y Políticas Agrarias (ODEPA). A first-order autoregressive (AR1) model with trend was...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Barley; Oat; Maize; Rice; Wheat; Yield progress.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000100005

A potential nutritional modifier for predicting primary productivity of Pinus radiata in New Zealand using a simplified radiation-use efficiency model
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Bown,Horacio E; Mason,Euan G; Watt,Michael S; Clinton,Peter W.
H.E. Bown, E.G. Mason, M.S. Watt, and P.W. Clinton. 2013. A potential nutritional modifier for predicting primary productivity of Pinus radiata in New Zealand using a simplified radiation-use efficiency model. Cien. Inv. Agr. 40(2): 361-374. The 3-PG (Physiological Principles in Predicting Growth) radiation-use efficiency model has been widely used and tested for predicting the primary productivity of forests all over the world. This radiation-use efficiency model accounts for plant nutrition through a user-defined dimensionless fertility parameter (fN) that determines the effects a unit of radiation. Currently, this fertility parameter has to be entered by the user based on intuition or experience. The goal of this study was to propose a fertility...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Nutritional modifier; Pinus radiata; Primary productivity; Radiation-use efficiency; Soil C/N; Soil N.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000200011

Quality, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant activity of serrano chili peppers cultivated in volcanic rock-vermicompost and nutrient solutions
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Cruz-Crespo,Elia; Sumaya-Martínez,María T; Can-Chulim,Álvaro; Pineda-Pineda,Joel; Bugarín-Montoya,Rubén; Aguilar-Benítez,Gisela.
E. Cruz-Crespo, M.T. Sumaya-Martínez, Á. Can-Chulim, J. Pineda-Pineda, R. Bugarín-Montoya and G. Aguilar-Benítez. 2015. Quality, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant activity of serrano chili peppers cultivated in volcanic rock-vermicompost and nutrient solutions. Cien. Inv. Agr. 42(3): 375-384. The concentration of antioxidant compounds, the antioxidant activity, physical quality characteristics, and the yield of serrano chilies (Capsicum annuum L.) are affected by agricultural practices, such as the use of vermicompost in containers combined with chemical fertilizers, the investigations of which have focused on yield. A study was performed to determine whether vermicompost mixed with volcanic rock and the ionic composition of the nutrient solution affect...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Ascorbic acid; Capsicum annuum; Phenols; Yields.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202015000300006

Pilot study for feeding preferences and grazing behavior in two breeds of sheep on a secondary succession of the Chiloé Archipelago
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Gallardo,María A; Pulido,Rubén; de la Barra,Rodrigo; Martínez,María E.
M.A. Gallardo, R. de la Barra, and M.E. Martínez. 2014. Pilot study for feeding preferences and grazing behavior in two breeds of sheep on a secondary succession of the Chiloé Archipelago. Cien. Inv. Agr. 41(2):249-254. A pilot study was undertaken to determine the pattern of feeding preferences and grazing behavior of the Chilota breed of sheep in the Chiloé Archipelago. First, eight Chilota and eight Suffolk Down ewes were faced with different numbers of plant species (offered only for 10 min), after fasting and after grazing a calafatal, a secondary succession dominated by shrubs. The experiment was repeated four times within a period of 22 d and included a 1-month pre-experimental period. Second, six Chilota and six Suffolk Down ewes, randomly selected...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Chilota; Grazing behavior; Preferences.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202014000200011

Effects on fruit production and quality of different dormant pruning intensities in 'Bing'/'Gisela®6' sweet cherries (Prunus avium) in Central Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: von Bennewitz,Eduardo; Fredes,Claudio; Losak,Tomas; Martínez,Carolina; Hlusek,Jaroslav.
Fruit size is a very important quality attribute in cherry trees. Appropriate canopy and crop load management are, therefore, required to obtain an adequate balance between the yield and fruit size. A study was carried out during the 2007-2008 season in the Maule Region of Chile to evaluate the effect of increasing levels of dormant pruning (Control, no removal; Soft pruning, 15% removal; Moderate pruning, 30% removal and Intense pruning, removal of 50% of the fruiting wood) on the fruit yield, quality (size, fruit weight, soluble solids and fruit firmness) and crop value of sweet cherries (Prunus avium L.) cv. 'Bing' on the dwarfing rootstock, 'Gisela 6'. Treatments at the 30 and 50% removal intensities had a strong effect on yield reduction (36.1% and...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Crop load regulation; Dormant pruning; Fruit yield and quality; Prunus avium.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202011000300003

Efficacy of chemical and biological strategies for controlling the soybean brown spot (Septoria glycines)
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Mantecón,Jorge D.
Soybean {Glycine max) is currently the most widely grown and rapidly expanding crop in Argentina, and brown spot caused by Septoria glycines is a major foliage disease that affects this crop. Triáis in the 2005 and 2006 growing seasons were undertaken using soybean (Glycine max) cv. Nidera A4800 RR. A randomized complete block design was used with four replicates. Two biological fungicides, based on Bacillus subtilis or B. pumilus, and four conventional fungicides, pyraclostrobin in combination with epoxiconazole (Opera 25 SC, BASF Argentina), azoxystrobin (Amistar 25 SC, Syngenta Argentina), trifloxystrobin in combination with cyproconazole (Sphere 267,5 EC, Bayer, Argentina), and tebuconazole (Folicur 25 EC, Bayer, Argentina), were evaluated. Fungicides...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Bacillus; Chemical and biological control; Brown spot; Diseases; Fungicides; Soybean.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202008000200011

Determination of suitable zones for apitourism using multi-criteria evaluation in geographic information systems: a case study in the O'Higgins Region, Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Pantoja,Gabriel; Gómez,Miguel; Contreras,Claudio; Grimau,Lissette; Montenegro,Gloria.
Abstract Beekeeping, which involves honey production and pollination of agricultural crops, has become a significant production activity. Linking beekeeping with ecotourism brings greater value to the beekeeping sector, thereby attracting the development of apitourism. Multi-criteria decision analysis is a set of techniques developed through Geographic Information Systems (GIS) focused on spatial decision making, which can be used to link beekeeping and tourism for the development of priority sites for shared activity. This work is based on the definition and weighting of factors used for evaluation of apitourism suitability in Chile, considering the opinion of beekeepers and professionals associated with the sector. The result is a map of apitouristic...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Beekeeping; Geographic information systems (GIS); Land-use suitability analysis; Melliferous plant; Multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA); Tourism.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202017000200139

Testing the embedding effect in the valuation of lagoon recovery
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Donoso,Guillermo; Cancino,José; Villar,Susana.
The contingent valuation method was employed to assess the benefts of recovering the Laguna Grande de San Pedro de La Paz in Chile’s Bío-Bío region and to analyze the possible existence of an embedding effect. Our results indicate that there is not a perfect part-whole valuation effect and that there is an imperfect substitution relationship between the two analyzed projects. In addition, when assessing the joint construction project of a main sewer and a recreation park on the north hillside of the lagoon, we determined that households were willing to pay an average monthly amount of $6,114 for the associated beneft of the environmental improvement. This amount would contribute $ 358,977,396 per month to the project and a total value of $4,307,728,752....
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Contingent valuation; Economic value; Embedding effect; Part-whole effect; Scope insensitivity.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202010000100010

Implementation of an in vitro bioassay as an indicator of the bionutrient FitoMas E
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Díaz de Villegas,María Elena; Delgado,Grizel; Rivas,Mauricio; Torres,Esmérida; Saura,Maribel.
Seed bioassays are employed to determine the stimulatory effect of various biological products on the seed germination of plants used for the detection and control of toxic environmental contaminants. The objective of the present study was to design an in vitro bioassay to monitor the quality of the final production of FitoMas E, a bionutrient derived from the sugar industry and produced by the Instituto Cubano de Investigaciones de los derivados de la Caña de Azúcar By-Products (ICIDCA), by determining rates of seed germination and growth of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) as an indicator plant. A significant effect of controllable factors under study (FitoMas E concentration in lots and replicates of Petri dishes) was determined by one-way and multifactor...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Bioassay; Bionutrient; Lettuce seed.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202011000200005

Side effects of the natural pesticide Spinosad (GF-120 Formulation) on Eretmocerus paulistus (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), a parasitoid of the whitefly Aleurothrixus floccosus (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), under laboratory conditions
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Tello,Víctor; Díaz,Luis; Sánchez,Matías.
V. Tello, L. Díaz, and M. Sánchez. 2013. Side effects of the natural pesticide Spinosad (GF-120 Formulation) on Eretmocerus paulistus (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), a parasitoid of the whitefly Aleurothrixus floccosus (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), under laboratory conditions. Cien. Inv. Agr. 40(2):407-417. The side effects of the insecticide GF-120 NF 0.02 Naturalyte CB® were evaluated on adults of Eretmocerus paulistus Hempel, a parasitoid of Aleurothrixus floccosus (Maskell) in citrus orchards of northern Chile. LC50 and LC90 were determined by applying the insecticide using a Potter tower in decreasing doses from 0.96 to 0.1 mg a.i. L-1 (corresponding to 1% to 0.1% of the recommended dose, respectively). After 24 h of exposure, the results were fitted to a...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Bioassays; Insect parasitoids; Natural pesticide; Residual effect; Side effects; Toxicity.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000200015

Eficacia de Peak Plus® en el control de Caliroa cerasi (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae)
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Pino,Cesar; Silva,Gonzalo; Hepp,Ruperto; Venegas,Fernando.
El chape del cerezo es una de las plagas más importantes del cerezo debido a que el ataque se produce durante la cosecha y su control se basa solamente en insecticidas sintéticos. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar un ácido graso de baja toxicidad para mamíferos. En laboratorio, en placas Petri con diez larvas, se estimó mortalidad y concentración letal 50% (CL50) de Peak Plus® sobre Caliroa cerasih. Se evaluaron cinco concentraciones de Peak Plus® más un testigo absoluto, con cuatro repeticiones y un diseño experimental completamente al azar. Se evaluaron seis tratamientos, incluyendo un testigo absoluto, con cinco repeticiones en un diseño experimental de bloques completamente al azar. En laboratorio, los valores de CL50 y CL90 a las 24 h fueron de...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Acido graso; Cerezo; Chape del cerezo; Defoliación; Plagas.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202007000100003

Susceptibility of Eucafyptus spp. to an induced infestation of red gum lerp psyllid Glycaspis brimblecombei Moore (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in Santiago, Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Huerta,Amanda; Faúndez,Miguel; Araya,Jaime E.
To determine the susceptibility of important species of eucalypt trees in Chile to Glycaspis brimblecombei Moore (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), an insect that was detected on Eucafyptus camaldulensis Dehn. in 2002 in Santiago, which causes defoliation of trees affected, and even their death in severe infestations, a field evaluation of an induced infestation was performed in 2004 of one-year-old plants of E. camaldulensis, E. nitens Deane &amp;amp; Maiden, and E. globulus Labill Growths of infested plants were compared with uninfested controls, using destructive sampling at 15, 30, 45, and 60 days. Also, observations were made regarding the duration of the development stages of the insect during two generations. The only species that was susceptible to the...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Eucalyptus camaldulensis; Eucalyptus globulus; Eucalyptus nitens; Glycaspis brimblecombei; Red gum lerp psyllid.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202010000200003

Performance of rice hybrids determined by different planting arrangements
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Goulart,Eduardo da S; Braga Schuch,Luis O; Tunes,Lilian V. Madruga de; Vieira,Jucilayne F.
The practices and techniques used in irrigated rice to improve performance include optimal plant density and the best arrangement of the plants in an area. This study aims to evaluate the performance and plasticity in the yield and grain quality of three rice hybrids using different row spacing. The field experiments were conducted during the 2010/2011 season in rice crops in Capão do Leão, Viamão and Uruguaiana in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Three different sowing arrangements were evaluated, i.e., row spacing of 17 cm, 34 cm, and 17 cm alternated with 34 cm, which corresponded to densities of 40, 20 and 32 kg ha-1, respectively. The experimental design used was randomized blocks with subdivided plots replicated three times considering each...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Irrigated rice; Oryza sativa L; Plant densities; Row spacing.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202015000100008

Genetic variation among and within tritipyrum (Thinopyrum bessarabicum x Triticum durum) lines using PCR-based molecular markers
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Siahsar,Barat Ali; Allahdoo,Maryam; Shahsevand Hassani,Hossein.
Primary hexaploid tritipyrum lines are amphiploids between Triticum durum and Thinopyrum bessarabicum, which can set seed in at least 250 mM NaCl. Genetic variation within and among 14 lines of primary tritipyrum were investigated by using 2 random and 6 semi random primers that produced clear and reproducible DNA amplicons. Average values for Nei's gene diversity (h) and Shannon indices (I) were 0.115 and 0.178, respectively. These results indicated low variation within primary tritipyrum lines, probably related to unbiased chromosome and partial aneuploidy. Total genetic diversity (Ht) and gene diversity within lines (Hs) were 0.2114 and 0.1156, respectively. The coefficient of genetic differentiation (Gst) was equal to 0.4534. AMOVA showed highly...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Aneuploidy; Genetic variation; Random primers; Semi random primers; Tritipyrum lines.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202011000100012

The influence of organic fertilizers on the chemical properties of soil and the production of Alpinia purpurata
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Saldaña y Hernández,María I; Gómez-Álvarez,Regino; Rivera-Cruz,María del C; Álvarez-Solís,José D; Pat-Fernández,Juan M; Ortiz-García,Carlos F.
M.I. Saldaña y Hernández, R. Gómez-Álvarez, M. del C. Rivera-Cruz, J.D. Álvarez-Solís, J.M. Pat-Fernández, and C.F. Ortiz-García. 2014. The influence of organic fertilizers on the chemical properties of soil and the production of Alpinia purpurata. Cien. Inv. Agr. 41(2): 215-224. Organic fertilizers are an important contribution of organic matter that modify the physical, chemical and microbiological characteristics of the soil. To determine the impact of solid and liquid fertilizers on Alpinia purpurata, the nutritional characteristics of the soil and the responses of the plants were evaluated at 40 and 365 days in Medellín and Madero and Ignacio Allende, Tabasco, Mexico. The treatments were compost, vermicompost, fermented manure, Bokashi, liquid humus...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Bokashi; Compost; Fermented manure; Macronutrients; Red ginger; Vermicompost.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202014000200008

Food security and livestock: The case of Latin America and the Caribbean
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Rodríguez,Diego Ignacio; Anríquez,Gustavo; Riveros,José Luis.
The main hurdle to achieving food security in Latin America and the Caribbean is the inability of many poor families to access the foods necessary for a healthy diet, in a context in which food prices and family incomes are fundamental determinants. Animal husbandry plays a key role in the food security of the region, providing products rich in high-quality proteins and micronutrients and is vital for millions of households that depend on livestock for their livelihoods to generate income and have access to basic services. Furthermore, the production and trade of livestock products contributes to the stabilization of the food supply, acting as a buffer during economic crises and disasters both at the individual and community levels. Small farm agriculture...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Food policies; Food security; Latin America; Livestock; Malnutrition; Rural livelihood; Small farm agriculture.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202016000100001

Yield and nitrogen recovery of wheat plants subjected to urea application with or without a urease inhibitor in the absence of irrigation
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Espindula,Marcelo C; Campanharo,Marcela; Dias,Jairo R. M; Rocha,Valterley S; Souza,Moacil A. de; Menoncin,Giovana.
The use of urease inhibitors and irrigation are management options to increasing the efficiency of top-dressed urea by reducing NH3 volatilization. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the productive performance and N recovery of 'BRS 254' wheat plants without irrigation after applying urea or urea+NBPT [N-(n-butyl)thiophosphoric triamide] as the top dressing. The experiment was carried out in Viçosa, MG, Brazil, between May and September of 2008 using a complete randomized block design with a 2×6+1 factorial arrangement of the following treatments: 1) urea or urea+NBPT, 2) six periods without irrigation (0, 48, 96, 144, 192 or 240 h after applying the top-dressing fertilizer), and 3) a control without N; there were four replications. The data were...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Triticum aestivum; Nitrogen fertilization; Nitrogen recovery; Volatilization of NH3.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202016000200014

Horizontal structure and floristic composition of the shrubby-arboreal strata in forests planted to rehabilitate a degraded area of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, Rio do Janeiro
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Farias dos Santos,Joana; Roppa,Cristiane; Holanda de Oliveira,Schweyka Stanley; Valcarcel,Ricardo.
The study was taken in a reclamation area where soil was removed up to 13 meters deep in 1979, near Itaguaí county, Brazil (23º 55' 07'' S, 43º 49' 73'' O). In 2007 the composition and horizontal structure of the shrubby-arboreal strata was evaluated in five 13 years old forest plantations with similar environment conditions. For rehabilitation, rustic pioneer species were used to guarantee a sustainable successional process, which depends on species selection and their functional complementarities. Treatments were: T0 (control); T1 (100 % of exotic species); T2 (52% of exotic species); T3 (50% exotic and 50% native); T4 (39% exotic and 61% native); and T5 (15% exotic and 85% native). Variables measured were height, DBH (&amp;#8805; 3.0 cm), basal area,...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Degradation area; Mining; Tree species; Vegetal succession.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202011000100009

Physical and spectroscopic characterization of Pakistani honey
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: ur-Rehman,Saif; Farooq Khan,Zia; Maqbool,Tahir.
Honey is a naturally sweet and viscous fluid produced by honeybees {Apis mellifera) from the néctar of flowers that, by definition, does not include any other substances. The objectives of this work were to characterize Pakistani honey, physically and chemically in relation to international standards, and to study the effects of adulteration with sugar syrup on the physical properties of honey. For this purpose, 200 honey samples obtained from 15 different locations in Pakistán, ranging from desert to hilly áreas, were collected in 2005-2006. Samples were prepared by the acid digestión method. Physical properties, conductance, surface tensión, and pH were determined using digital instruments. The most abundant minerals found in Pakistani honey samples were...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Acid digestión; AAS; Honey adulteration; Honey; Major and minor elements; Physical properties.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202008000200009

Efecto de Cinara cupressi (Hemiptera: Aphididae) sobre el ciprés de la cordillera (Austrocedrus chilensis) después de aplicar control químico
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Baldini,Aída; Oltremari,Juan; Holmgren,Astrid.
Cinara cupressi es un áfido introducido que puede producir la muerte de árboles forestales, debido a un compuesto tóxico que inyecta durante su alimentación. En Chile se encuentra ampliamente distribuido infestando diversas especies de Austrocedrus, Cupressus, Chamaecyparis, Juniperus, Thuja y al híbrido Cupressocyparis. Austrocedrus chilensis se ve afectado en toda su distribución. Dado que este insecto en África infestó árboles de los géneros Callitris y Widdringtonia, emparentados filogenéticamente con Fitzroya, Austrocedrus y Pilgerodendron, esta plaga podría también adaptarse a plantas nativas como alerce (Fitzroya cupressoides) y ciprés de las Guaitecas (Pilgerodendron uviferum). Ambas especies se encuentran amenazadas. El presente estudio intenta...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Cinara cupressi; Austrocedrus chilensis; Control químico; Plagas forestales.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202008000300012

Effects of early fertilization on the performance of Nothofagus dombeyi planted in the Coastal Range of south-central Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Donoso,Pablo J; Soto,Daniel P; Schlatter,Juan E; Büchner,Carlos A.
Native Nothofagus dombeyi growth rates excel in secondary forests and in some plantations, and the species has good timber quality. However, few have reported on the effects of fertilization on N. dombeyi plantations. This is a key matter since fertilization has environmental and financial costs, and therefore its use to increase growth and survival for production or restoration must be carefully evaluated. Here we evaluated the early effects of fertilization (control and three levels) using several performance variables (leaf properties, growth, plant quality, and survival) in a N. dombeyi plantation at a low elevation in the Coastal Range of south-central Chile, which has a rainy temperate climate and medium fertility soils. Four years after plantation...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Fast-growing tree species; Hardwood plantations; Mineral nutrition; Plant quality; Survival.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202009000300014

Parasitoides de minadores de hojas y manejo de plagas
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Salvo,Adriana; Valladares,Graciela R.
Los minadores de hojas son insectos cuyas larvas viven y se alimentan dentro de las hojas, consumiendo el mesófilo sin dañar la epidermis foliar. Varias especies son consideradas serias plagas de cultivos intensivos, hortícolas y ornamentales. Entre las fuentes de mortalidad más importantes para este gremio de fitófagos se citan a los enemigos naturales, de los que se destacan los parasitoides como el grupo más efectivo y mejor representado. Este artículo proporciona un resumen actualizado de la información disponible sobre parasitoides de minadores de hojas en relación al manejo de plagas. Por ser generalistas, los parasitoides de minadores de hojas pueden incluir rápidamente en su rango alimenticio a especies introducidas, muchas veces lográndose un...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Control biológico; Control cultural; Control químico; Minadores de hojas; Parasitoides.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202007000300001

Body mass and wing geometric morphology of the codling moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) according to sex, location and host plant in the region of Maule, Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Torres,Fabiola; Rodríguez,Marcela A; Lavandero,Blas; Fuentes-Contreras,Eduardo.
Codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), is the key pest of apple and walnut production worldwide. Among other variables, successful management of this pest is dependent on adult dispersal at the local scale. Body mass and wing geometric morphology were evaluated on female and male codling moth adults collected from apple and walnut trees in three localities of the Region of Maule. Codling moth adults were obtained by rearing diapausing larvae collected from the field. Newly emerged adults were killed, and the total dry weight, thorax weight and abdomen weight were calculated. The wings were cleared and mounted for morphometric analyses: 15 and 11 characteristics of the fore and hind wings, respectively, were measured, including the...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Apple; Aspect ratio; Cydia pomonella; Landmark-analysis; MorphoJ; Walnut; Wing loading.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202015000300008

Determining response times for the deployment of terrestrial resources for fighting forest fires: A case study: Mediterranean - Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Castillo,Miguel E; Rodriguez y Silva,Francisco.
A study of response times for the arrival of terrestrial forest fire fighting resources was undertaken. The advantage of the method proposed here is that it may be exactly replicated in different countries and under different environmental conditions, budgets and infrastructures for wildfire combat. This is an international-level support offering better reference material for optimizing terrestrial resources. In the combat of forest fires, fire fighting resource response times are of particular importance when evaluating fire advance speed and fire damage potential against time. Due to the importance of speed in fire containment and the economic consequences of a fire, a fire combat response time curve was constructed using fire fighting operation data...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Extinction times; Forest fire; Fire combat; Fire behavior.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202015000100010

Antioxidant properties and color of Hibiscus sabdariffa extracts
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Salazar-González,Claudia; Vergara-Balderas,Fidel T; Ortega-Regules,Ana E; Guerrero-Beltrán,José Á.
Liquid extracts of dried Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) calyces obtained using ethanol:water (50:50 and 70:30%, v/v), water, ethanol:1.5 N HCl (85:25%, v/v), and ethanol (96%) to evaluate selected antioxidant characteristics (phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity), color parameters (L, a, and b), and anthocyanins (delphinidin-3-O-sambubioside, delphinidin-3-O-glucoside (myrtillin), and cyanidin-3-O-sambubioside) by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The total monomeric anthocyanin content was also assessed using the differential pH technique. The phenolic compound content ranged from 1,067±22 (in ethanol) to 2,649±96 (in ethanol:water 70:30%) mg of gallic acid100 g-1 of dehydrated calyces, and the antioxidant capacity ranged from 3.11±0.50...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Anthocyanins; Antioxidant capacity; Cyanidin-3-O-sambubioside; Delphinidin-3-O-sambubioside; Delphinidin-3-O-glucoside; Myrtillin; Hibiscus sabdariffa; Roselle calyces.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000100006

Cattle manure and N-urea in radish crop (Raphanus sativus)
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Mendoza Cortez,Juan W; Cecílio Filho,Arthur B; Coutinho,Edson L; Alves,Anarlete.
This work was carried out in Jaboticabal (575 m altitude, 21°15&amp;#900; 22&amp;#733; S and 48° 15&amp;#900; 58&amp;#733; W), São Paulo, Brazil, aiming to investigate the effects of cattle manure and nitrogen (urea) doses on radish height and yield. Randomized blocks were used with a 2x4x4 factorial scheme and 3 replications. The treatments were combinations of cultivars (25 and 19), cattle manure doses (0, 25, 50, and 75 t ha-1 dry basis) and N doses (0, 60, 120 and 180 kg ha-1). Increased cattle manure and urea doses provided higher plant height and commercial yield in both cultivars, but the N produced more signifcant effects than the cattle manure. The maximum commercial yield of cultivar (cv) 19 (20.34 t ha-1) was obtained using 75 t ha-1 of cattle...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Raphanus sativus; Fertilization; Yield.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202010000100004

Participation determinants and impact assessment of the Institute of Agricultural Development (INDAP) credit program
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Donoso,Guillermo; Melo,Oscar; Negrete,Eduardo.
This research estimates the impact of INDAP's Credit Program on the per hectare agricultural income of small agricultural producers. To accomplish this, a Treatment Effects Model (TEM) is employed to simultaneously estímate producer incomes and program participation functions, correcting for the potential presence of selectivity bias through the correlation between the errors of both functions. The results indicate that farmers of greater age present a higher disposition to participate in the program, but their interest decreases as their age increases. Additionally, producers who are acquainted with and evaluate the financial cost of credits as well as those producers whose income comes mainly from their land, who are landowners, present a greater family...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Program impact estimation; Selection bias; Rural finance; Treatment effects model.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202010000200009

Boron dynamics related to fruit growth and seed production in kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa, cv. Hayward)
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Sotomayor,Carlos; Norambuena,Paulina; Ruiz,Rafael.
The effect of foliar boron treatments on fruit growth and seed development in Actinidia deliciosa, cv. Hayward, was studied. The distal leaves (BH) or fowers (BF) of a shoot were sprayed with 500 mg L-1 boric acid during the fowering period. The mobility of boron from the leaves to the fowers through the phloem was determined by spraying only the leaves. From 0 to 96 h after treatment, leaves and fowers were sampled and total boron was assessed. At harvest time, fruit weight and diameter plus seed weight and number were measured for the different treatments. The weight of fruits growing from shoots with boron-treated leaves were 14.1% higher than the control, while the weight of fruits derived from boron-treated fowers was 17% higher than that of fruits...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Boric acid; Boron; Fruit weight; Kiwifruit; Seed number; Seed weight.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202010000100013

Analysis of soil organic matter in tropical soils with near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and chemometrics
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Jarquín-Sánchez,Aarón; Salgado-García,Sergio; Palma-López,David J; Camacho-Chiu,Wilder.
The objective of this study was to predict the concentration of soil organic matter (SOM) in tropical soils using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) for samples measured within a polyethylene bag and without a bag. One hundred and fifty six soil samples from the humid tropics of Tabasco, Mexico with contrasting chemical characteristics were selected. The samples were dried, ground, and sieved through 2 mm and 5 mm screens, and their SOM contents were determined using the Walkley-Black method. The soil samples were packed in polyethylene bags, and SOM was measured directly with and without a bag using a quartz probe (FOSS 5000 model of NIRsystems, DK-3400 Hillerod,Denmark) for a range from 1100 to 2000 nm to obtain a prediction model of SOM. The model for...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Chemical analysis; Tropical soil; Optical fiber; Model; Organic matter prediction.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000200015

Populus spp., respuestas clonales de crecimiento en suelos Argiudoles y Hapludoles, de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Baridón,Esteban; Flores Palenzona,Mario; Marlats,Raúl; Senisterra,Gabriela; Millán,Guillermo.
El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar el crecimiento de clones de Populus spp. en suelos de tipo Hapludoles y Argiudoles de la zona continental de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. El estudio se localizó en Alberti (34°50' S, 60°30' O, 35 m.s.n.m.), Buenos Aires, Argentina y se utilizó Populus deltoides ('Stoneville 66' ('Delta Gold'), 'A-610-31' y 'A-564-17') y P. x canadensis ('I-Conti 12' y 'A-568-1'). El diseño experimental fue de bloques completos al azar con submuestreo. Se instalaron tres bloques, sobre tres tipos de suelo: Hapludol típico, Hapludol éntico y Argiudol típico. Se realizó una caracterización físico-química de cada suelo, se registraron los valores medios de área basal y altura total de los árboles. Los resultados se sometieron a...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Argentina Argiudoles crecimiento Hapludoles Populus spp.; Salicaceae.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202008000300006

Genesis and identity of Chanco cheese (Chile 1750-1860): A contribution to studies on Appellations of Origin in Latin America
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Lacoste,Pablo; Jiménez,Diego; Soto,Natalia.
The origin of Chanco cheese in Chile, between 1750 and 1860, is discussed. The inventories of eight cheese factories from the 18th and 19th centuries as well as additional documentary sources from the time period are studied. Chanco cheese was a cooked and matured cheese from cow and, mainly, sheep milk. The original productive zone was limited by the Maule and Itata rivers, in the Central Valley. In the 18th and 19th centuries, Chanco cheese was recognized as the best cheese in Chile; its production and marketing were well established during the first two thirds of the19th century, and it commanded good market prices based on its fame. Chanco cheese was eaten throughout almost the entire country, from Copiapó to Valdivia. Chanco cheese was also...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Agrofoods in Chile; Appellations of Origin; Chanco cheese; Geographical Indication.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202014000300004

Bioavailability of different methionine sources for broilers from 1 to 21 days old
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Sangali,Cleiton P; Bruno,Luís D. G; Nunes,Ricardo V; Neto,Adhemar R. de Oliveira; Pozza,Paulo C; Henz,Jefferson R; Giacobbo,Franciele C. N; Berwanger,Eveline.
This trial aimed to evaluate the bioavailability of DL-2-hydroxy-4-(methyl) butanoic acid (DL-HMBA) and a poly-herbal ingredient (PHI) in relation to DL-methionine (DLM) on broilers. A sample of 1100 broiler chickens of the Cobb 500 strain, both male and female, were fed either a basal diet without industrial methionine supplementation or a basal diet that was supplemented with three DL-HMBA levels (0.170, 0.340, and 0.511%) or three DLM levels (0.111, 0.221, and 0.332%) in an amount equivalent to 65% of the respective DL-HMBA levels (on a product weight basis) and three levels of PHI (0.111, 0.221, and 0.332%) in amounts equivalent to the used DLM levels from 1 to 21 days of age. The simultaneous linear regression analysis (slope ratio) revealed a...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Dl-2-hydroxy-4-methylthio butanoic acid; Dl-methionine; Poly-herbal ingredient; Sulfur amino acids.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202015000100004

Implementation de un panel sensorial para mieles chilenas
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Montenegro,Gloria; Gómez,Miguel; Pizarro,Rodrigo; Casaubon,Gerard; Peña,Raúl C.
La evaluación sensorial de los alimentos permite establecer la calidad de los productos desde el punto de vista de sus atributos. La miel no escapa a esta evaluación y el análisis sensorial de aromas de miel se utiliza en Europa desde hace varios años y se ha comenzado a efectuar en algunos países sudamericanos como Uruguay y Argentina. Sin embargo, actualmente no se practica en Chile. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este trabajo fue lograr una primera aproximación al análisis sensorial de mieles en Chile. Esto se realizó preparando un panel de evaluación sensorial. Hubo catorce sesiones de entrenamiento, orientadas a desarrollar la capacidad de reconocimiento de estándares aromáticos y el poder discriminatorio de muestras de miel utilizando distintos...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Apis mellifera; Aromas; Mieles chilenas; Panel sensorial.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202008000100005

Determination of homogeneous edaphoclimatic zones for the secondary forests of Nothofagus dombeyi in central-southern Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Esse,Carlos; Donoso,Pablo J; Gerding,Víctor; Encina-Montoya,Francisco.
C. Esse, PJ. Donoso, V. Gerding, and F. Encina-Montoya. 2013. Determination of homogeneous edaphoclimatic zones for the secondary forests of Nothofagus dombeyi in central-southern Chile. Cien. Inv. Agr. 40(2): 351-360. Nothofagus dombeyi grows in a wide variety of sites in Chile (30-47°S), but there is little knowledge about its productive potential. This lack of information hinders decision-making to better guide the production of goods and services from these forests. This study was conducted in central-southern Chile (39°S-41°S), where this species is prominent, especially in secondary forests. The aim of the study was to determine the homogeneous edaphoclimatic zones for secondary forests of N. dombeyi based on the integration of environmental factors....
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: CART; Biophysical factors; Edaphoclimatic zones; K-means.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000200010

Efecto de la cobertura del suelo con cascarilla de arroz en el crecimiento y rendimiento del tomate de ramillete
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Rodríguez Rodríguez,Gisela.
En la primavera al otoño del año 2005, en el norte de Kanto, localizado en el centro de Japón se preparó un área de campo para cultivar tomate de ramillete (tomate cherry) (Lycopersicon esculentum var. cerasiforme) con tres tipos de cobertura: 1. Paja de arroz con salvado de arroz, 2. Paja de arroz solamente y 3. Cobertura con polietileno. La cosecha de los frutos se realizó desde junio hasta finales de septiembre. Hubo diferencias significativas entre los tratamientos, en el rendimiento total de los frutos (p = 0,0379) y el de frutos normales (p = 0,0458). Las mayores producciones de frutos totales (3,4 kg•planta-1 ) se obtuvieron con el tratamiento de paja de arroz con salvado de arroz, seguido por los otros dos tratamientos con alrededor de 2,5...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Cobertura orgánica; Lycopersicon esculentum; Mulch de paja de arroz; Mulch de salvado de arroz; Tomate cherry; Tomate enano.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202007000300006

An analysis of the physical and germination parameters of the sweet Chestnut (Castanea sativa)
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Benedetti,Susana; González,Marta; García,Edison; Quiroz,Iván.
This study analyzed the physical characteristics, number of seeds per kilogram, seed weight, germination characteristics, germination percentage, germination energy, germination period and the germination vigor of sweet chestnut seeds from two forest plantations in the Los Ríos region of Chile. No significant differences were found in any of the characteristics related to the collection zone. Following the international classification systems for seeds of this species, the values of the physical characteristics allow us to classify these seeds as a small caliber or "chestnut". The values of the germination characteristics (&gt;80%) demonstrate a good germination for chestnut seeds of forest origin.
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Energy period; Germination energy; Germination percentage; Germination vigor; Number of seeds per kilogram; Seed weight.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000100015

Riesgo de oídio (Erysiphe necator) de la vid en relación con el desarrollo de los racimos
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Campbell,Paul; Bendek,Carlos; Latorre,Bernardo A.
En los últimos años, el oídio (Erysiphe necator) de la vid (Vitis vinifera) ha tenido especial importancia económica en la zona central y norte de Chile. Epidemias se desarrollan a partir del micelio latente que sobrevive en yemas infectadas la temporada precedente y/o a partir de cleistotecios desarrollados en hojas u otros órganos infectados de la vid. La susceptibilidad de los racimos varia a través de la temporada, siendo muy susceptibles las bayas jóvenes y resistentes en la medida que maduran. El riesgo de infección se puede pronosticar en función de la temperatura máxima del aire. Con el propósito de mejorar la eficacia del control del oídio, se realizó este trabajo con el objetivo de estudiar el riesgo de infección en función del desarrollo del...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Erysiphe; Enfermedades de la vid; Fungicidas; Pronóstico de enfermedades Uncinula necator.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202007000100001

Patología Vegetal Micológica
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Ciampi,Luigi; Radie,Sergio; Alvarez,Eduardo.
Tipo: Journal article
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202007000200010

Comparison of the total phenolic content, total anthocyanin content and antioxidant activity of polyphenol-rich fruits grown in Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Fredes,Carolina; Montenegro,Gloria; Zoffoli,Juan Pablo; Santander,Francisca; Robert,Paz.
In the last 10 years, interest in research on polyphenol-rich fruit species has increased due to the potential health benefits of these species, mainly attributed to their high anthocyanin content and antioxidant activity. Six polyphenol-rich fruit species (blueberries, raspberries, blackberries, strawberries, pomegranates and maqui berries) were harvested at the same maturity stage during the same growing season and were compared according to their total phenolic (Folin-Ciocalteu method) and total anthocyanin (pH differential method) contents and antioxidant activity using ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP assay) and 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity methods. With the results of this study, the polyphenolic status of the...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Berries; DPPH; FRAP; Maqui; Pomegranate.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202014000100005

Soil texture analyses using a hydrometer: modification of the Bouyoucos method
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Beretta,Andrés N; Silbermann,Ana V; Paladino,Leonardo; Torres,Deborah; Bassahun,Daniel; Musselli,Raquel; García-Lamohte,Adriana.
A.N. Beretta, A.V. Silbermann, L. Paladino, D. Torres, D. Bassahun, R. Musselli, and A. García-Lamohte. 2014. Soil texture analyses by hydrometer: modifications of the Bouyoucos method. Cien. Inv. Agr. 41(2): 263-271. The Robinson pipette method (Pipette) is accurate and precise but time consuming. Bouyoucos (1936) proposed a more rapid and simpler procedure called the hydrometer method. Both analytical techniques are sedimentation procedures accepted as standard techniques for particle-size analysis. The sand, silt, and clay contents of several soil samples were determined using the Pipette method as a control and compared with the Bouyoucus, the Bouyoucos Modified (Bouyoucos_M) and the Bouyoucos Modified with gravimetric determination of the sand content...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Particle sedimentation; Particle size distribution; Pipette method.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202014000200013

Physico-chemical properties of common beans under natural and accelerated storage conditions
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Coelho,Silvia R. M; Prudencio,Sandra H; Christ,Divair; Sampaio,Silvio C; Schoeninger,Vanderleia.
S.R.M. Coelho, S.H. Prudencio, D. Christ, S.C. Sampaio, and V. Schoeninger. 2013. Physico-chemical characterization of common beans under natural and accelerated storage conditions. Cien. Inv. Agr. 40(3): 629-636. The common bean is an important food in the human diet. Certain storage conditions, high temperatures and high humidity, cause a texture defect that reduces the acceptability of common beans. The present study aimed at evaluating the effect of storage on the physicochemical properties of common bean grains and the relationship between accelerated aging at 40 °C and 76% RH and storage under natural conditions. Two varieties of common beans (Iapar 81 - carioca variety and Iapar 44 - black variety) were stored at 40 °C and 76% RH for 15, 30, 45, 60...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Food technology; Cooking time; Phaseolus vulgaris; Protein.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000300015

Enhanced secretion of biocontrol enzymes by Trichoderma harzianum mutant strains in the presence of Rhizoctonia solani cell walls
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Polanco,Rubén; Pino,Constanza; Besoain,Ximena; Montealegre,Jaime; Pérez,Luz M.
The secretion of enzymes involved in biocontrol from the wild T. harzianum strains Th11 and Th12 and the mutants Th11A80.1, Th11C40.1 and Th12A10.1 was studied after their cultivation in the presence of R. solani cell walls as the sole carbon source. The results showed that endoprotease activity in the supernatants from Th11A80.1 and Th11C40.1 increased 2.77 and 4.79-fold, respectively, and the P-1,3-glucanase and P-1,4-chitinase activity from Th12A10.1 increased 1.86 and 1.54-fold, respectively, compared with the corresponding parental strains. The role of the three enzymes in the biocontrol of R. solani is discussed.
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: SS-1; 3-glucanases endoproteases ß-1; 4-chitinases.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202015000200010

Analysis of major metallic elements in Chilean wines by atomic absorption spectroscopy
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Laurie,V. Felipe; Villagra,Evelyn; Tapia,Jaime; Sarkis,Jorge E. S; Hortellani,Marcos A.
A set of 75 wine samples from seven of the major wine producing regions in Chile were analyzed with flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) to determine their content of major metallic elements (K, Mg, Ca, Na, Fe and Zn). The results obtained were further analyzed with principal component analysis (PCA) in an attempt to loosely discriminate these wines according to grape type and geographical origin. The metal concentrations measured were within normal ranges, according to previously published data from other wine producing countries. Multivariate statistics allowed the possibility to reasonably discriminate between red and white wines, and to show a distinctive pattern of Na concentration, with higher total contents for the wines produced in the...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Wine; Metal; AAS; Multivariate analysis.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202010000200008

Spray deposition on weeds of common bean crops
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Rodrigues-Costa,Andreia C. P; Martins,Dagoberto; Costa,Neumárcio V; Pereira,Maria R. R.
Weed control failure in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) production may be related to inappropriate herbicide application techniques. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to evaluate the amount of spray solution deposition that occurred on the weeds, Bidens pilosa L. and Brachiaria plantaginea (Link) Hitch., both within and between rows of common beans. The research was arranged in a randomized block design with four replications. The following 6 spray nozzles were used: flat fan nozzles XR 110015 VS (150 L ha-1) and XR 11002 VS (200 L ha-1); cone nozzles TX VK 6 (150 L ha-1) and TX VK 8 (200 L ha-1); and twin flat fan nozzles TJ60 11002 VS (150 L ha-1) and TJ60 11002 VS (200 L ha-1). The results showed that the loss of the spray solution on the...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Application technology; Bidens pilosa; Brachiaria plantaginea; Nozzle; Phaseolus vulgaris.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202011000300005

Simple and robust DNA extraction method for the large-scale analysis of genotypes containing high polyphenolic content, such as landracesof Solanum tuberosum and Zea mays
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Barra,Macarena; Salazar,Erika; Beltrán,María; Sagredo,Boris.
The extraction of high-quality DNA is essential for studies conducted at the molecular level in species with an abundance of contaminants in their tissues, such as some landraces of potato and maize, in which it is difficult to extract good-quality genomic DNA. Compounds such as polyphenols interfere with the amplification of DNA during polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which makes it difficult to conduct PCR-based studies ofmolecular markers. This article describes a simple and robust protocol for DNA isolation that was applied to potato and maize landraces and resulted in a high DNA concentration with excellent purity and quality. This method is based on the method of Krizman et al. (2006) with some modifications and was tested on potato leaves and young...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Activated charcoal; DNA extraction; Genomic DNA; Polyphenols.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000300019

Variabilidad en el florecimiento de procedencias de Eucalyptus cladocalyx en la Región de Coquimbo
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Mora,Freddy; Perret,Sandra; Scapim,Carlos Alberto; Nunes Martins,Elias; Molina,María Paz.
Se analizó la variabilidad en el florecimiento de cinco poblaciones de Eucalyptus cladocalyx establecidos en la Región de Coquimbo. Se consideró al florecimiento como una respuesta binaria medida a los 30 meses de edad. Por lo tanto, se ajustó un modelo linear generalizado para analizar el efecto de procedencias. Posteriormente, se estudió la variabilidad genética dentro de la mejor procedencia, a través de inferencia Bayesiana, vía algoritmo de Gibbs. Inicialmente, se consideraron dos sitios, Hacienda Caracas y Tunga Norte, sector costero e interior de la Provincia de Choapa, respectivamente. En el sector costero, sólo un 1,33% de los árboles presentaron eventos de florecimiento, mientras que en Tunga Norte, este valor fue de 23,43%. Debido a este...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Ambientes áridos; Árboles multipropósito; Eventos de florecimiento; Mejoramiento; Procedencias.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202007000200006

Aging gene pathway of microRNAs 156/157 and 172 is altered in juvenile and adult plants from in vitro propagated Prunus sp.
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Bastías,Adriana; Almada,Rubén; Rojas,Pamela; Donoso,José Manuel; Hinrichsen,Patricio; Sagredo,Boris.
A. Bastías, R. Almada, P. Rojas, J.M. Donoso, P. Hinrichsen, and B. Sagredo. 2016. Aging gene pathway of microRNAs 156/157 and 172 is altered in juvenile and adult plants from in vitro propagated Prunus sp. Cien. Inv. Agr. 43(3):429-441. In vitro culture is a very popular technique to mass propagate valuable plant genotypes, including Prunus sp. cultivars. Plants that undergo tissue culture processes often change their morphology and behavior due to the "rejuvenation" caused by the plant growth regulators included in the medium. To evaluate the effects of rejuvenation by tissue culture in Prunus sp., the expression patterns of the aging gene pathway described in plant models, which include the highly conserved microRNA (miRNA or miR) 156/157 and 172...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Development; In vitro culture; Hase change; Rejuvenation.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202016000300009

Monitoreo genético en programas de repoblamiento de peces mediante marcadores moleculares
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Povh,Jayme A; Lopera Barrero,Nelson M; Ribeiro,Ricardo P; Lupchinski Jr.,Enio; Gomes,Patricia C; Lopes,Tais S.
Las poblaciones de peces nativos están disminuyendo debido a varios factores que impactan en el ambiente. Como forma de abordar este problema, se han realizado varias acciones como por, ejemplo, el repoblamiento. Sin embargo, estas acciones se realizan sin ningún respaldo científico. Esto puede, además de no ser eficiente, provocar una pérdida de la diversidad genética en las poblaciones, pudiendo ocasionar impactos irreversibles en las próximas generaciones. Por esta razón, el empleo de marcadores moleculares, que permitan monitorear genéticamente las poblaciones parece fundamental para lograr la conservación de la ictiofauna
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Conservación genética; Ictiofauna; Microsatélite; Pez; RAPD; Variabilidad genética.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202008000100001

Use of incremental levels of dehydrated olive cake in lamb diets as an alternative for grazing systems in the central dryland area in Chile: The effect on carcass traits of Suffolk Down lambs
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Pérez,Patricio; Squella,Fernando; Aguilar,Claudio; Idalsoaga,María José; Vera,Raúl; Morales,María Sol; Maino,Mario; Egaña,Juan Ignacio.
To evaluate increased levels of dehydrated olive cake (DOC) in lambs ration on main carcass traits, 40 Suffolk Down male lambs (75.8 ± 7.4 days of age, 24.5 ± 3.1 kg live weight) were randomly assigned to one of five treatment groups. Four experimental isoenergetic and isoproteic diets were used with different levels of DOC: 0, 16, 32 and 48%, and an un-weaned group were kept with their mothers on grazing. Lambs had 8 days of adaptation to the diets, which were gradually introduced along with good quality alfalfa hay. During 47 days of the experiment, the lambs were confined in individual pens (1.4 m²) and subsequently slaughtered at 123 ± 7 days with an average live weight of 32.56 ± 2.62 kg. The live weight at slaughter (LWS), hot carcass weight, cold...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Lambs; Olive cake; Carcass traits.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202016000200004

Influence of different plants substrates on development and reproduction for laboratory rearing of Pseudococcus calceolariae (Maskell) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Zaviezo,Tania; Cadena,Elizabeth; Flores,M. Fernanda; Bergmann,Jan.
The citrophilus mealybug, Pseudococcus calceolariae, is a polyphagous pest that has a major impact on fruit crops in central Chile, and is of quarantine importance for many markets. To study many control alternatives, it is important to develop efficient rearing protocols. The objective of this work was to determine mealybug development on three different plant substrates: sprouted potatoes, lemon fruits and Butternut squash. Insects were inoculated on the substrates, maintained at 25 °C and in total darkness until completing their development. Every one to 4 days, advancement on the development was checked by counting the exuvia. Mean developmental time for each stage, adult longevity, fecundity and fertility were determined. Preimaginal developmental...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Developmental time; Mealybug; Rearing substrates.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202010000300002

Diet of guanaco in sheep-free rangeland in Tierra del Fuego, Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Muñoz,Alejandra E; Simonetti,Javier A.
Guanaco (Lamaguanicoe), the only native ungulate of Tierra del Fuego, uses the forests more extensively after the introduction of sheep. It is presumed that the regeneration of lenga (Nothofagus pumilio) is hampered by guanaco browsing. In this context, the diet of guanaco in Tierra del Fuego was evaluated through a microhistological analysis of feces in a livestock-free area dominated by lenga forest. Guanacos behaved largely as herbivorous grazers and exhibited seasonal variations in their grazing habits. Compared to other studies in Tierra del Fuego, which were conducted in areas where sheep and guanaco grazed together, we reported that the guanacos avoided and consumed fewer trees. These results have management implications, as the proper management of...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Lama guanicoe; Nothofagus pumilio; Feeding habits; Microhistological analysis.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000100016

Variables explicativas de los flujos de compra de alimentos en las Regiones VIII, IX y X de Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Schnettler,Berta L; Rebollo,Alfonso.
La desigual distribución del equipamiento comercial provoca desplazamientos de compra desde los centros de menor tamaño hacia los de mayor dotación comercial, provocando evasiones de gasto comercializable o flujos comerciales. Para determinar el efecto de variables de atracción y de restricción en los flujos comerciales de alimentos en las regiones VIII, IX y X de Chile, se estimó el modelo de gravitación tradicional. Los atributos de los centros de compra fueron población, ingreso monetario mensual de los hogares, cantidad de patentes y la superficie comercial de establecimientos de venta de alimentos. Como variable de restricción se utilizó la distancia y el tiempo de desplazamiento. Los consumidores que realizan desplazamientos de compra fuera de la...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Áreas comerciales; Desplazamientos de compra; Gravitación comercial.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202007000200002

Obtención de líneas de pimiento (Capsicum annuum) progenituras de híbridos F1, resistentes a enfermedades virales, a partir del estudio de cuatro sub-poblaciones
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Rodríguez,Yaritza; Depestre,Tomás; Gómez,Olimpia.
Las enfermedades virales constituyen el principal obstáculo para el desarrollo del pimiento (Capsicum annuum) en el mundo. En Cuba, lo afectan principalmente el virus del mosaico del tabaco (TMV), el virus del mosaico del pepino (CMV), el virus Y de la papa (PVY), el virus del grabado del tabaco (TEV) y el virus del moteado de las venas del pimiento (PVMV). Dado que su control se hace cada vez más difícil, los fito-mejoradores han tenido que recurrir al control genético como vía más eficiente para lograr el desarrollo de este cultivo. La necesidad de seleccionar líneas de pimiento multi-resistentes a las principales enfermedades, de frutos grandes y de buena adaptación, cobra mayor importancia cada día, para ser utilizados como progenitores de híbridos F1...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Híbridos; Multi-resistencia; Pimiento.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202007000300008

Quantitative differentiation between soil organic carbon and biochar carbon in Aridisol
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Lara,Nelson; Figueroa,Leonardo; Carvajal,Fabiola; Zapata,Yubinza; Urbina,Camilo; Escobar,Hugo.
N. Lara, L. Figueroa, F. Carvajal, Y. Zapata, C. Urbina, and H. Escobar. 2013. Quantitative differentiation between soil organic carbon and biochar carbon in Aridisol. Cien. Inv. Agr. 40(2): 387-395. To understand the effect of biochar, identify its presence and quantify its stability in soil, it is necessary to differentiate between the two main sources of carbon. These sources are resident soil organic matter and biochar, which is produced by burning organic matter under low oxygen concentration in a process known as pyrolysis. The present study employs solid-liquid extraction with an alkaline solution, the efficiency of which was improved by a reflux system and quantification using the modified Walkley-Black method, to distinguish the two carbon sources...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Alkaline extraction; Differentiate; Humic acid; Organic carbon.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000200013

Approximation of the surface of gypseous soils in San Luis Potosí, Mexico
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Martínez-Montoya,Juan F; Herrero-Isern,Juan; Aceves-de Alba,Jorge; Palacio-Núñez,Jorge; Ruiz-Vera,Víctor M; Olmos-Oropeza,Genaro.
The gypseous soils of San Luis Potosí State, México, are not well map-delimited, despite their broad extent and the specific agricultural and environmental management they require. The present article highlights the location and extent of the gypseous lands in the Altiplano and Zona Media of San Luis Potosí State. For this purpose, soil, geology and vegetation maps as well as studies related to gypsum-rich soils, aerial photographs, and satellite maps (termed 'espaciomapas' in Spanish, these refer to Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper images of Red-Green-Blue:432 composition printed at 1:250,000 scale) were reviewed. Additionally, field and laboratory work were carried out. The maps provided by the Commission for Studies of the National Territory (CETENAL) proved...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Cartography; Landsat images; Sustainable land use; Photo interpretation.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000300013

The importance of weeds as melliferous flora in central Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Grimau,Lissette; Gómez,Miguel; Figueroa,Rodrigo; Pizarro,Rodrigo; Núñez,Gabriel; Montenegro,Gloria.
The use of native flora by Apis mellifera L. in Chile has been demonstrated in many studies; however, certain species that are viewed as weeds contribute extensively to the floral composition of honey. A total of 92 honey samples from the Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins region in Chile were analyzed to determine which weeds are most important in honey production and which are most preferred by melliferous bees. Their relative contributions to the pollen fraction of each honey sample were also determined using melissopalynological tests in accordance with Chilean regulation (NCh2981.Of2005; Ministerio de Agricultura. 2006) to evaluate the botanical origins of the honey samples. Species considered weeds were classified according to their importance in...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Apis mellifera L; Central Zone; Chile; Fabaceae; Weeds.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202014000300011

Energy potential of vine shoots in La Rioja (Spain) and their dependence on several viticultural factors
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Mendívil,Manuel Antonio; Muñoz,Pedro; Morales,María Pilar; Juárez Castelló,Manuel C.
Each year, viticulture generates thousands of tons of vine shoots in the Spanish La Rioja region without an adequate system for their use. This study attempts to increase the value of this residual biomass, mainly for energy generation. To this end, a representative sampling of vine varieties and vineyards in the region was taken and later thermochemically characterized, measuring moisture, ash content percentage, elemental composition and higher heating value (HHV) among all sampled lots. From these tests, only the variety factor of the vine exhibited any statistically significant influence. A correlation has been formulated to express the higher heating value of vine shoots in terms of their elemental composition, obtaining an estímate with a mean...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Energy potential; Higher heat value; Thermochemical characterization; Vine shoots.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202015000300012

Photosynthetic and antioxidant performance are differentially affected by short-term nitrogen supply in highbush blueberry cultivars
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Yañez-Mansilla,Erwin; Cartes,Paula; Reyes-Díaz,Marjorie; Ribera-Fonseca,Alejandra; Alberdi,Miren.
Nitrogen (N) is an essential nutrient for photosynthesis and may influence phenolic compound synthesis in higher plants. The effect of different amounts of N (0 to 38 mM) provided on a short-term (4 d) basis on the photosynthetic and antioxidant performance of highbush blueberry cultivars (Legacy and Bluegold) grown in a nutrient solution was studied. In both cultivars, the N concentration of leaves slightly increased in response to the N supply, with Bluegold frequently showing higher N concentrations than Legacy. Photosynthesis was reduced in Bluegold at the highest N dose, whereas in Legacy, a decrease of CO2 assimilation occurred under N starvation. This decrease in photosynthesis was accompanied by enhanced lipid peroxidation but only in Bluegold. In...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Nitrogen; Oxidative damage; Phenolic compounds; Superoxide dismutase; Vaccinium corymbosum.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202014000100006

Turning waste into a resource: Study of the effect of containers made of giant reed weeds on the shelf life and quality of tomatoes and strawberries
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: García-Ortuño,Teresa; Carbonell-Barrachina,Angel A; Andreu-Rodríguez,Javier; Ferrández-García,María T; Calín-Sanchez,Angel; Ferrández-Villena,Manuel; Ferrández-García,Clara E.
Giant reed (Arundo donax L.) is currently one of the greatest invasive threats to Mediterranean-type river ecosystems worldwide and can be easily transformed into a cheap and sustainable material that can be used in the manufacturing of containers for the fruit and vegetable industry. Simple trays were prepared using giant reed, and their behavior was evaluated during storage oftomatoes and strawberries. The mechanical properties of the giant reed particleboards were assayed, and it was shown that they are suitable for industrial purposes. The quality of strawberries and tomatoes stored for 7 and 14 days, respectively, in plywood (control) and giant reed containers was comparable, with no significant differences found. The parameters analyzed included...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Arundo donax; Invasive weed; Mechanical properties; Shelf-life; Storage; Sustainable containers.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000100013

The population of earthworms Lumbricus spp. on the plateau of La Paz, Bolivia
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Loza-Murguía,Manuel G; Acho,René; Arce,Alcides; Huaycho,Roxana; Aruhiza,Nicanor; Mamani,Sofía.
The macrofauna is an important component of ecosystems because its participation in the biodegradation of soil nutrients has beneficial effects on the food chain. During six months, from February through July, a number of worms and their biomass (g m-2) were assessed in the soil of the Estación Experimental of Kallutaca, located on the plateau of La Paz. A study area of one hectare of fallow land was delimited. The study area had been without tillage activity for approximately ten years. This area was divided into five rings. Each ring had eight sampling points. Each sampling point included a square meter of soil and had a depth of 30-35 cm. The density and biomass of earthworms recorded in this study were 13.6 ± 29.74 m-2 and 4.7315 ± 2.3544 g m-2,...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Earthworms; Seasonal density; Soil; Study area.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202011000300011

Evaluating orchard and poplar leaves during autumn as an alternative fodder source for livestock feeding
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Temel,Suleyman; Pehluvan,Mucahit.
Fruit tree and poplar leaves that fall in autumn are undervalued in terms of animal feeding mainly because of insufficient knowledge about their potential feeding value. Knowledge of the nutritional values of these species may be important to supplement the feed of grazing animals. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential fodder value of leaves of plum, apple, poplar, mulberry, peach and apricot trees. For this purpose, samples were collected by hand in autumn 2012 and 2013 when 50% of the leaves had dropped and 90% of the leaves had turned yellow. The crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL), dry matter digestibility (DMD), digestible energy (DE), metabolizable energy (ME)...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Ruminant feeding; Fodder trees; Nutritional value; Supplementary fodder source.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202015000100003

Social choice and groundwater management: application of the uniform rule
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Martinez,Yolanda; Esteban,Encarna.
Y. Martinez, and E. Esteban. 2014. Social choice and groundwater management: application of the uniform rule. Cien. Inv. Agr. 41(2): 153-162. In recent decades, the protection of groundwater resources has become a key element in environmental policies around the world as the control of groundwater extraction is necessary to avoid groundwater depletion. This paper proposes a system to improve the allocation of groundwater resources based on the theory of social choice. We propose the implementation of the uniform rule as a mechanism to achieve more efficient groundwater allocation. The uniform rule combines individual preferences to reach collective decisions and respects the anonymity between agents. Additionally, the rule is Pareto efficient and...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Groundwater management; Market rule; Social choice rule; Proportional rule; Strategy-proofness; Uniform rule; Western La Mancha aquifer.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202014000200002

Preliminary substrate mixtures including peat moss (Sphagnum magellanicum) for vegetable crop nurseries
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Oberpaur,Christel; Puebla,Víctor; Vaccarezza,Flavia; Arévalo,María E.
Nursery producers grow plants in containers, mainly using substrates based on peat. In order to replace the use of peat, diverse mixtures of substrates combining different proportions of the moss Sphagnum magellanicum Brid. (40, 50 and 60%) and alternative organic materials, such as compost, humus and composted pine bark, were tested. In the frst trial under laboratory conditions, conducted in October 2006, the physicochemical characteristics of nine initial mixtures, including a control, were determined. Five mixtures, with similar physicochemical conditions as the control, and a commercial peat mixture, were selected by the application of Euclidean minimum distances. The fnally selected mixtures were three combinations of moss with composted pine bark...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Compost; Composted pine bark; Humus; Lactuca sativa; Lettuce; Moss; Sphagnum.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202010000100012

Meat quality and carcass characteristics of Merino Precoce suckling lambs raised under confinement in the Mediterranean semi-humid dryland of Central Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Pérez,Patricio; Maino,Mario; Morales,María Sol; Tomic,Gerda; Aguilera,Francisco; Egaña,Juan Ignacio.
Twenty-eight Merino Precoce suckling lambs raised under confinement in the Mediterranean semi-humid dryland of Central Chile were studied to evaluate meat quality and major carcass characteristics. Animals were grouped by slaughter weight (10 and 15 kg) and sex (7 males and 7 females in each weight group). The average commercial and true dressing percentages were 53 and 55%, the average ribeye area was 11.7 cm², and the average dorsal fat thickness was 1.5 mm. The largest retail yields were those of the leg and shoulder, at 38 and 22%, respectively. The tissue composition of the leg was 58% muscle, 23% bone, 12% fat, 3.6% residues, and 3% shrink loss. The tissue composition of the shoulder was 57% muscle, 23% bone, 11% fat, 3.7% residues and 3.2% shrink...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Chile; Meat quality; Suckling lambs.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000200005

Nutritional value of Brachiarias and forage legumes in the humid tropics of Ecuador
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Balseca,Diana G; Cienfuegos,Eugenia G; López,Hilda B; Guevara,Hernán P; Martínez,Juan C.
This research evaluated the nutritional value of five varieties of Brachiarias: B. decumbens Stapf; B. brizantha Marandú; B. brizantha Piatá; B. brizantha Xaraés; and Mulato II [B. ruziziensis × B. brizantha]). The Brachiarias were combined at different inclusion rates (0, 10 and 15%) with two tropical forage legume species (Centrosema pubescens and Cajanus cajan, ECV22). The samples were collected at the experimental farm, The Oasis, a property of the Universidad Tecnológica Equinoccial (Ecuador), with 42 d of regrowth for the Brachiarias and 150 d for the legumes in the dry season. The proximate analysis and the Van Soest procedure were performed in the laboratory of food science and animal nutrition of the Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Brachiaria; Cajanus cajan; Centrosema pubescens; Digestibility; Grasses; Legumes; Nutritional value.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202015000100006

Production of lettuce seedlings (Lactuca sativa) in granular rockwool and expanded perlite for use in hydroponics
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Tapia,Maria Luisa; Caro,José Marcelo.
The quality of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) seedlings is closely dependent on the substrate and the management practice during the transplant to the hydroponic system. This seed bed process may affect the normal development of the seedlings by affecting the post-transplanting period, potentially causing root stress, influencing establishment and even leading to seedling loss. An important criterion when choosing either a single or mixed substrate is the ability to provide for both growth and establishment of the seedlings in the hydroponic system. The main objective of this study was to evalúate the effect of granulated rockwool substrate (Agrolan™, Compañía IndustrialEl Volcán S.A., Santiago, Chile), expanded perlite A6 (Harbolite Chile Ltda., Santiago,...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Hydroponic; Lactuca sativa; NFT-modified hydroponic; Seedling bed; Substrate; Transplant stress.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202009000300007

Tolerancia a la salinidad durante la germinación de semillas provenientes de poblaciones naturalizadas de agropiro alargado (Thinopyrum ponticum)
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Bazzigalupi,Omar; Pistorale,Susana M; Andrés,Adriana N.
La variabilidad fenotípica de diez poblaciones naturalizadas de agropiro alargado (Thinopyrum ponticum), fue evaluada en un programa de selección cuya finalidad es proveer cultivares adaptadas a suelos salinos, que en Argentina representan el 8% de la superficie agropecuaria total. Las poblaciones se colectaron en la pampa deprimida, Buenos Aires, Argentina El objetivo fue evaluar su germinación en estrés salino por soluciones de NaCl 0, 60, 135 y 220 mM equivalentes a conducitividad eléctrica de 0, 6, 12 y 18 dSm-1. Las semillas fueron sembradas sobre toallas de papel e incubadas en cámara de germinación con alternancia diaria de temperatura (20-30°C) y luz (16-8 h). Se empleó un diseño en bloques completos aleatorizados con arreglo factorial, con cuatro...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Agropiro alargado; Estrés osmótico; Germinación; Salinidad; Thinopyrum ponticum; Variabilidad.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202008000300005

A comparison of farmland value determinants in Chile between 1978-1998 and 1999-2008
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Donoso,Guillermo; Cancino,José; Olguín,Ricardo; Schonhaut,Daniela.
Research on the determinants that influence the price of farmland has found renewed interest in the past decade because agricultural land values are an important source of information for tracing the distribution of benefits generated by agricultural growth. This study's objective is to identify the determinants of the value of agricultural land in Chile for the periods 1978-1998 and 1999-2008 to analyze the evolution of the factors that determined the price of agricultural land between these two periods. The explanatory power of the estimated hedonic land price model is significantly greater for the period 1978-1998 (R²= 67%). The lower explanatory power of the model for the period 1999-2008 (R²= 29%) indicates that factors not accounted for in the model...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural land value; Determinants of agricultural land value; Hedonic agricultural land value model.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000100007

Efecto del coadyuvante siliconado e insecticidas en el control del chanchito blanco de la vid, Pseudococcus viburni (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Sazo,Luis; Araya,Jaime E; de la Cerda,José.
Se estudió durante la temporada 2005-2006 el efecto del coadyuvante siliconado trisiloxano en combinación con poliéter (Break) en concentraciones de 50, 75 y 100 mLhL' junto con insecticidas en el control de chanchito blanco de la vid (Pseudococcus viburni) en dos viñedos comerciales de la Región Metropolitana de Chile, infestados naturalmente la temporada precedente, como parte de un programa normal de control, con clorpirifos en post-cosecha y previo al cierre del racimo (verano), y diazinon en brote de 10-15 cm en primavera. Se incluyó un tratamiento estándar de diazinon sin surfactante y un testigo sin aplicación. En cosecha, se determinaron los racimos sanos y con diversos grados de infestación, sobre 100 racimos por unidad experimental. Los...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Break; Chanchito blanco de la vid; Chlorpirifos; Coadyuvante; Diazinon surfactante; Vitis vinifera.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202008000200012

Male sterility induced by the chemical hybridizing agent clofencet on wheat, Triticum aestivum and T. turgidum var. durum
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Parodi,Patricio C; Gaju,María de los Angeles.
The objective of this experiment was to evalúate the male sterilizing activity induced by the chemical hybridizing agent (CHA) clofencet, on four wheat varieties: two Triticum aestivum cultivars, 'Pia' and 'Claudia', and two Triticum turgidum var. durum cultivars, 'Capri' and Ambra'. The CHA was sprayed at two stages of the Feekes scale, 7.5 and 8.5, using four rates of active ingredients (0, 3.5, 5.0 and 6.5 kg-ha4) in a split block design with five replicates. The efficiency of the treatments was determined by measuring developed seeds and calculating male sterility (MS). Results showed that MS increased with increasing dosage and was more pronounced at the latest stage of development. The MS average for the highest dosage was 47.3% in the first stage of...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Triticum aestivum; Triticum turgidum; Hybrid seed; Male sterelizing; Chemical hybridizing.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202009000200011

Emisión teórica de metano en tres sistemas de invernada para engorda de ganado en Argentina
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: von Bernard,Hugo; Vilarino,Virginia; Piñeiro,Gervasio.
En este trabajo se modeló la emisión teórica, total y anual de metano (CLL.) proveniente de bovinos en tres sistemas de invernadas comúnmente empleadas para engorda de ganado vacuno en Argentina. Estos fueron sistemas extensivos, semi-intensivos e intensivos. La emisión anual estimada, se expresó por animal, peso vivo producido, superficie ganadera y superficie utilizada. El consumo de energía bruta (EB) se estimó se acuerdo con el método propuesto por el Panel Intergubernamental para el Cambio Climático (IPCC) y del equivalente vaca (EV) adaptado a las condiciones argentinas en este estudio. Para el cálculo del EV, se tuvo en cuenta el consumo anual de forraje y concentrados de todos los animales presentes en un establecimiento ganadero; como asimismo, la...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Bovinos; Emisión de metano; Engorda animal; Sistemas de invernada.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202007000200005

Relative susceptibility of peach rootstocks to crown gall and Phytophthora root and crown rot in Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Guzman,Gonzalo; Latorre,Bernardo A; Torres,Rene; Wilcox,Wayne F.
Crown gall (Agrobacterium tumefaciens) and Phytophthora root and crown rot (PRCR), caused by P. cryptogea, are two major limiting factors affecting peach (Prunus pérsica) production in Chile. At present, Nemaguard is the most important rootstock used in peach orchards, and although several clonal rootstocks are under development worldwide, there is little information regarding their susceptibility to crown gall and PRCR. Therefore this investigation was undertaken to study the susceptibility to A. tumefaciens and P. cryptogea of the clonally propagated rootstocks Cadman®-Avimag (P. pérsica x P. davidiana), Mr.S 2/5 (P. cerasifera x P. spinosa), Viking ([P. pérsica x P. davidiana] x [P. dulcís 'Jordanolo'x P. blireiana]), and Nemaguard (P. pérsica x P....
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Agrobacterium tumefaciens; Disease control; Nectarines; Rootstock resistance.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202007000100004

Pruning effects on vegetative growth and fruit quality of 'Bing'/'Gisela®5' and 'Bing'/'Gisela®6' sweet cherry trees (Prunus avium)
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Villasante,Macarena; Godoy,Soledad; Zoffoli,Juan Pablo; Ayala,Marlene.
Annual pruning is one of the most efficient ways to regulate crop load and renew fruiting wood in highly productive sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) combinations. Although Chilean growers did not previously prune cherry trees of more vigorous combinations, in recent years, the adoption of more dwarfing rootstocks and self-fertile cultivars has led to the inclusion of annual pruning as a practice in modern orchards. At first, this alteration in orchard management practices was not considered by growers, and thus, many of the initially established cherry orchards were not pruned as intensively as they should have been. As a consequence, many trees showed a reduction in fruit quality after 4 or 5 years of being planted, as they became overcropped and,...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Crop load regulation; Dwarfing rootstocks; Fruit quality; Gisela®5; Gisela®6; Pitting; Pruning; Sweet cherry; Vegetative growth.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000100009

Dry matter production, chemical composition, dry matter digestibility and occurrence of fungi in Bermuda grass hay (Cynodon dactylon) under different fertilization systems or associated with pea plantings in winter
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Ames,João Paulo; Neres,Marcela Abbado; Castagnara,Deise Dalazen; Mufatto,Liziane Maciel; Ducati,Camila; Jobim,Cloves Cabrera; Tres,Tamara Taís.
J.P. Ames, M.A. Neres, D.D. Castagnara, L.M. Mufatto, C. Ducati, C.C. Jobim, and T.T. Tres. 2014. Dry matter production, chemical composition, dry matter digestibility and occurrence of fungi in Bermuda grass hay (Cynodon dactylon) under different fertilization systems or associated with pea plantings in winter. Cien. Inv. Agr. 41(2): 163-174. This study aimed to evaluate the structural characteristics, dehydration curve, DM production, chemical composition, in vitro dry matter digestibility and occurrence of fungi in Bermuda grass hay (Cynodon dactylon cv. 'Bermuda grass', Tifton 85) produced in winter under different forms of fertilization or in association with a winter annual legume. The experimental design used was a randomized block with split plots...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Association with legume; Fungal contamination; Grass; Swine manure.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202014000200003

Cold storage effects on oxidative stress of Red Globe table grape rachises
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Campos-Vargas,Reinaldo; Zamora,Pablo; Contreras,Rodrigo; Köhler,Hans; Zúñiga,Gustavo E; Pérez-Donoso,Alonso; Defilippi,Bruno G.
Table grape (Vitis vinifera L.) quality includes the condition of both the berries and the rachis. In the present report, physiological parameters of Red Globe rachises from fully elongated inflorescences (RFEI) and from mature clusters were studied after storage at 0 or 20 °C for different durations. To understand changes in rachis physiology as a result of changes in temperature conditions and storage time, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) were measured. In addition, hydrogen peroxide content, membrane lipoperoxidation (TBARS), total phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity (FRAP) were assayed. TBARS was higher in mature rachises than in RFEI. This parameter remained constant throughout...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Fruit quality; Rachis; Storage; Table grape; Vitis vinifera L.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000100007

Seasonal and annual changes in the quality of native rangeland selected by grazing steers in northern Mexico
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Reyes,Osvaldo; Murillo,Manuel; Herrera,Esperanza; Carrete,Francisco O.
The objective of this study was to determine and compare seasonally the chemical composition, in vitro gas production, in situ degradability and ruminal fermentation of the diet selected by cattle grazing on native rangeland over two years. Diet samples were collected from four esophageal fistulated steers (350 ± 3 kg BW), and four ruminally fistulated steers (342 ± 1.5 kg BW) were used to evaluate degradation and ruminal fermentation. Data were analyzed using a repeated measurements design. The crude protein (CP), in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) and metabolizable energy (ME) were higher in 2008 (P&amp;#8804;0.01) and in the summer (P&amp;#8804;0.05). The volatile fatty acids (VFA) and propionate concentrations were affected by season and year...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Cattle; Grazing; In vitro gas production; In situ degradation; Ruminal fermentation.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202016000200003

Importance of origin in rice purchasing decisions in Talca and Temuco, Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Schnettler,Berta; Ruiz,Danilo; Sepúlveda,Oriana; Sepúlveda,José; Denegri,Marianela.
Considering the increase in imports of forestry, farming and livestock products to Chile, the existence of different consumer segments was evaluated according to the relative importance of origin in decisions to purchase rice in Talca and Temuco in central-southern Chile. With this purpose, a direct survey was administered to 800 consumers, 400 in Talca (Maule Region) and 400 in Temuco (Araucania Region). Using a conjoint analysis and hierarchical clustering, five market segments were distinguished. The largest group (35.4%) gave great importance to the origin of the rice. The second largest group (25.1%) gave greater relevance to the packaging. For the third and fourth largest groups (15.4 and 12.5%, respectively), the cost of the product was the most...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Importation; Market segmentation; Origin; Oryza sativa; Rice.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202009000200008

Characterization of cheese consumers in Santiago Province, Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Vargas-Bello-Pérez,Einar; Aguilar,Claudio; Toro-Mujica,Paula; Vera,Raúl R; Cerda,Matías; Briones,Ignacio.
A high demand for Chilean cheese has resulted in increased cheese production. This increase represents an opportunity to promote the development of new markets, such as for small ruminant cheeses. However, little has been discussed regarding the extent to which cheese consumers consider small ruminant cheeses. We hypothesized that price is the main determining factor for purchasing cheese. The present study examined this previously unexplored aspect. The objective of this study was to identify the factors that contribute to the purchaser's response behavior, including purchase, usage and product possession. This study also aimed to provide preliminary information on cheese consumption in the Province of Santiago, Chile. A personal interview was conducted...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Cheese; Consumption; Small ruminant.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202014000300005

Preferences for sunflower oil produced conventionally, produced with nanotechnology or genetically modified in the Araucanía Region of Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Schnettler,Berta; Crisóstomo,Gloria; Mills,Natally; Miranda,Horacio; Mora,Marcos; Lobos,Germán; Grunert,Klaus G.
In light of the increasing use of nanotechnology in food production, consumer acceptance of sunflower oil produced with nanotechnology or from genetically modified (GM) plants and the conventionally produced raw materials available in Temuco (Araucanía Region, Chile), market segments were differentiated with respect to their acceptance of nanotechnology and characterized according to their sociodemographic characteristics and food neophobia level. To achieve this aim, a survey was administered to 400 people. Using a conjoint analysis, the brand (33.6%) and production system (32.6%) were determined to be more important than the price (19.2%) and health certification (14.6%); national brands, produced conventionally with a health certification seal and sold...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Sunflower oil; Transgenic food; Nanotechnology.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000100002

Genetic characterization of Japanese plum cultivars (Prunus salicina) using SSR and ISSR molecular markers
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Carrasco,Basilio; Díaz,Carole; Moya,Mario; Gebauer,Marlene; García-González,Rolando.
The genetic characterization of 29 elite Japanese plum cultivars (Prunus salicina) and 4 Prunus cultivars was carried out by analyzing 97 Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) alleles and 232 binary Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) loci. A high level of genetic variability was found for these two molecular markers among the Japanese plum cultivars compared to other Prunus species. On average, the variability found by analyzing the SSR alleles were Na = 12.1, Ne = 5.2, Ho = 0.9, He = 0.8 and F= -0.127, whereas ISSR yielded values of h = 0.15 and I = 0.27. The genetic relationship among cultivars was estimated with Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCA) and a Bayesian clustering approach using the software program Structure. This program identified two subgroups...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: AMOVA; Bayesian analysis; Genetic distance; PCA; Plum; Structure.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000300012

Comparación de protocolos de extracción de ADN con muestras de aleta y larva de peces: extracción modificada con cloruro de sodio
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Lopera-Barrero,Nelson M; Povh,Jayme A; Ribeiro,Ricardo P; Gomes,Patricia C; Jacometo,Carolina B; Silva Lopes,Tais da.
El uso de apropiados métodos de muestreo, tipo de tejido y la utilización de protocolos viables de extracción del ADN son aspectos críticos en estudios basados en PCR. Los métodos de extracción de ADN deben ser simples, reproducibles, económicos y no contaminantes. Este trabajo tuvo por objetivo comparar un protocolo modificado de extracción con sal común (NaCl) y un protocolo modificado de extracción con fenol-cloroformo para la obtención de ADN genómico en alta cantidad y calidad desde muestras de aleta y larva de pez (Brycon orbignyanus, Piaractus mesopotamicus, Oreochromis niloticus, Leporinus elongatus y Prochilodus lineatus). Las muestras aisladas de diferentes especies de peces usando la extracción con sal común permitieron obtener ADN de buena...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Amplificación por PCR; Estudios de peces; Investigación genética; Microsatélites; RAPD.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202008000100008

Performance of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) cultivars in a tropical sheltered production system
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Piñón,Mayte.
Off-season vegetables become expensive so new technological systems are required to grow cultivars well adapted to climatic conditions throughout the year. Accordingly, a trial was performed to test 12 tomato F1 commercial hybrids in a Cuban sheltered installation based on the "umbrella" effect recommended for tropical conditions. The main goal of the trial was to study cultivar productivity and adaptation traits before offering recommendations to growers. The '37242' (7.4 kg plant-1) and 'Setcopa' (7.1 kg ha-1) F1 hybrids showed the highest marketable yields, commercialized at 93% and 87%, respectively. The performance of the '37242' was notable; its high fruit set (87%) during the hot and wet season showed its adaptation to the local conditions. The...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Cultivar trials; Tomato; Transfer of technology; Tropical sheltered system.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202011000200006

The in vitro antifungal evaluation of a commercial extract of Chilean propolis against six fungi of agricultural importance
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Curifuta,Macarena; Vidal,Jorge; Sánchez-Venegas,Jaime; Contreras,Aliro; Salazar,Luis A; Alvear,Marysol.
Propolis has been used for millennia for its antimicrobial and pharmaceutical properties, whereas its use as an agricultural antifungal agent has only recently been assessed. The chemical characteristics of six ethanolic extracts of Chilean propolis (EEP-1 to EEP-6) were evaluated. The total polyphenols ranged between 7.8 and 42.3 mg mL-1 equivalents of a 2:1 pinocembrin: galangin standard, and the total flavonoid contents ranged between 4.0 and 19.7 mg mL-1 equivalents of quercetin. A high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) analysis allowed the identification of caffeic acid, myricetin, quercetin, kaempferol, apigenin, pinocembrin, galangin, caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) and rutin. The EEP-3 extract was selected for additional studies based...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Alternaria alternata; Antifungal activity; Botrytis cinerea; Flavonoids; Fusarium sp.; Penicillium expansum; Polyphenols; Propolis.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000200011

Effects of sulfur fertilization on wheat production and industrial quality (Triticum aestivum)
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Herrera,Luis E; Pinilla,Hernán; Sanhueza,Héctor.
Two wheat fertilization experiments were conducted during the 2005-2006 and 2007-2008 seasons using a medial, mesic, seric, Typic Placandept soil to determine the effect of sulfur on the yield, percentage of protein, gluten content, and sedimentation volume of the grain and the nutrient availability in the soil. During the 2005-06 season, the fertilization treatments consisted of a base fertilization plus various sulfur treatments: 0 kg S ha-1 (T1); 27 kg S ha-1 (T2); 54 kg S ha-1 (T3) or 108 kg S ha-1 (T4). During the 2007-08 season, the fertilization treatments were 0 kg S ha-1 (T1), 9 kg S ha-1 (T2), 18 kg S ha-1 and 36 kg S ha-1 (T4). The results showed no differences (P&lt;0.05) in the grain yield for any of the treatments evaluated. Furthermore, no...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Triticum aestivum; Wheat quality; Sulfur; Gluten.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000100016

Gas exchange and productivity of yellow passion fruit irrigated with saline water and fertilized with potassium and biofertilizer
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Nunes,Járisson C.; Cavalcante,Lourival F.; Pereira,Walter E.; Souza,José T. A.; Almeida,Dácio J. de; Oresca,Denizard; Fernandes,Pedro D.
Abstract The salinity of irrigation water can affect the growth and development of most plants of commercial interest. Aiming to study these aspects in passion fruit culture, an experiment was performed to evaluate the effects of bovine biofertilizer and potassium fertilization on gas exchange and production of the passion fruit &amp;#8216;BRS Giant Yellow&amp;#8217; irrigated with non-saline and saline water. The treatments were arranged in randomized blocks with sub-subdivided plots using the 2×(3×5) scheme, which refers to two levels of electrical conductivity of the irrigation water as the main plot (0.35 and 4.00 dS m&amp;#8722;1) and the combination of three potassic fertilization practices (without fertilization, fertilized with conventional and...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Fermented liquid manure; Passiflora edulis Sims; Photosynthetic efficiency; Salinity.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202017000200168

Differentiation of sheep milk and cheese based on quality and composition
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Vera,Raúl R; Aguilar,Claudio; Lira,Rodrigo.
Traditional sheep production for meat and wool for meat and wool among small and medium-sized Chilean farmers has low profitability. Therefore, there is interest in producing value-added, differentiated products. One alternative is the production of sheep milk and cheese. This arricie analyzes and discusses existing alternatives for modifying milk and cheese compositions with the aim of differentiating these products. Also, analytical techniques that allowthe chemical characterization of milk and cheese are briefly mentioned. The main international thrusts are focused on the modification of the content and composition of milk fatty acids and on the identification of volatile compounds, terpenes, polyphenols and other analytes that allow differentiation of...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Cheese; Differentiation; Flavor; Milk composition sheep value-added.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202009000300001

Clonal propagation of the avocado: effects of the rooting step on graft union formation and development
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Estay,Carmen; Cautín,Ricardo; Neaman,Alexander; Castro,Monica.
The etiolation and layering technique that is used on avocados has two critical steps, namely, the rooting of clonal rootstock and graft union formation between the commercial variety and clonal rootstock. This study analyzed the rooting step of the clonal rootstock regarding its influence on graft union formation and development. The optimum times for grafting the commercial variety onto clonal avocado rootstock were determined under two greenhouse conditions, heating and no heating. The results showed that under greenhouse conditions without heating, there was higher survival (%) in plants that were grafted 60 days after the rooting steps in the clonal scion, and, in the experiments in a heated greenhouse, the highest survival rate (%) was observed in...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Grafting; Histological cross section; Persea americana Mill; Rhizogenesis.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202016000200006

Prevalence and pathogenicity of fungi associated with grapevine trunk diseases in Chilean vineyards
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Díaz,Gonzalo A; Auger,Jaime; Besoain,Ximena; Bordeu,Edmundo; Latorre,Bernardo A.
G. A., Diaz, J., Auger, X., Besoain, E., Bordeu, and B. A. Latorre, 2013. Prevalence and pathogenicity of fungi associated with grapevine trunk diseases in Chilean vineyards. Cien. Inv. Agr. 40(2): 327-339. Trunk diseases in grapevine (Vitis vinifera) have been identified as a major problem in the wine and table grape industries around the world, reducing the productivity, quality and longevity of vineyards. The present study examined 694 wood samples from the cordons and trunks of vines with trunk disease symptoms in 67 Chilean vineyards located between Copiapó (27°18' S) and Los Angeles (37°42' S). A total of 1,363 fungal isolates were obtained from diseased cordons and trunks with dark brown streaking, yellowish soft-spongy cankers and brown hard...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Botryosphaeria canker; Esca; Fungal trunk pathogens; Vitis vinifera; Wood decay.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000200008

Perceived quality in fresh peaches: an approach through structural equation modeling
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Mora,Marcos; Espinoza,Jacqueline; Schnettler,Berta; Echeverría,Gemma; Predieri,Stefano; Infante,Rodrigo.
The quality requirements that consumers consider in their decision to purchase fresh fruit have garnered a great deal of attention from the actors in the fresh fruit productivity chain. This study seeks to identify attributes that could explain how a consumer of fresh peaches perceives quality. The focus on the peach was because of the limited knowledge of the signs of quality that the consumer is seeking in this fruit. As a result, the objective was to produce a model that explains the perception of the quality of fresh peaches by Spanish consumers. A theoretical model was created that explains quality using a set of intrinsic and extrinsic attributes. The information was from a survey of closed questions administered in person to a non-probabilistic...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Intrinsic and extrinsic attributes; Quality; Structural equation models.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202011000200002

Combined effect of irrigation and compost application on Montepulciano berry composition in a volcanic environment of Latium region (central Italy)
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Cirigliano,Pasquale; Vincenza Chiriacò,Maria; Nunez,Abelardo; Dal Monte,Giovanni; Labagnara,Tilde.
Abstract Montepulciano red grape is cultivated in the northern part of the Latium region, primarily for the production of DOC &amp;#8220;Colli Etruschi Viterbesi&amp;#8221; structured wines for aging. In Mediterranean areas, viticulture is closely influenced by vine water status. In this context, the practice of irrigation may alleviate water-stress-related reductions in plant development to guarantee grape quality, especially in semi-arid areas. The application of on-farm compost in a vineyard may affect grape quality without negative effects, thereby enhancing environmental sustainability. The aim of this work was to investigate the combined effect of irrigation and compost application on the Montepulciano variety in the volcanic environment of Latium...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Climate change adaptation; Compost on farm; Polyphenols concentration; Vitis vinifera L.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202017000200195

Labor profunda en siembra directa: Efecto sobre la condición biológica del suelo
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Alzugaray,Claudia; Vilche,María Sofía; Petenello,Cristina.
La siembra directa ofrece mayor estabilidad y diversidad biológica que otros sistemas de labranza, aunque puede generar compactación en el suelo. Esta restricción se puede resolver con una labranza profunda, capaz de aflojar el suelo pero conservando la cobertura superficial. La condición biológica del suelo es muy sensible a los disturbios ocasionados por el laboreo. Se evaluaron los cambios de la condición biológica originados por el escarificado en un suelo bajo siembra directa estabilizada. Esta investigación se condujo en un cultivo de maíz en Zavalla, Argentina (33° 01'S, 60° 53'0), en un suelo Argiudol vértico. Los tratamientos fueron siembra directa y siembra directa escarificada. Se determinaron carbono orgánico, nitratos, sulfates y fósforo...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Condición biológica; Paratill; Siembra directa; Zea mays.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202008000300004

Interactive effects of excess boron and salinity on histological and ultrastructural leaves of Zea mays amylacea from the Lluta Valley (Arica-Chile)
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Bastías,Elizabeth; González-Moro,María B; González-Murua,Carmen.
E.I. Bastías, M.B. González-Moro, and C. González-Murua. 2013. Interactive effects of excess boron and salinity on histological and ultrastructural leaves of Zea mays amylacea from the Lluta Valley (Arica-Chile). Cien. Inv. Agr. 40(3): 581-595. Maize is widely cultivated throughout the world, and more maize is produced each year than any other grain. Studies on the response of maize to salinity have typically focused on physiological aspects, but few studies have addressed the effects of salinity on the anatomical and ultrastructural characteristics of different plant organs. We analyzed the cell structure and changes in tissue organization in young leaves of Zea mays L. amylacea as a consequence of high salt and boron (B) levels. Plants were treated in...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Amylacea; Amylacea maize; Anatomical plant; Boron; Histological; Salinity.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000300011

Heterosis for yield contributing head traits in cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata)
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Kibar,Beyhan; Karaa&amp;#287;aç,Onur; Kar,Hayati.
The present investigation was carried out to study the direction and magnitude of heterosis in twenty-four hybrids for yield contributing head traits in cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.). A field experiment was conducted during the cabbage growing season of 2011-2012 at the Black Sea Agricultural Research Institute, Samsun, Turkey. Hybrids and parents were evaluated in a randomized block design with three replications. Measurements were performed for head weight, head diameter and head length to estimate mid parent and better parent heterosis in each hybrid. The direction and magnitude of mid parent and better parent heterosis among hybrids for all the head traits was found to be highly variable. The maximum and significant heterosis in...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Cabbage; Hybrid vigor; Breeding; Head traits; Yield; Yield components.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202015000200007

Transportation costs, agricultural expansion and tropical deforestation: Theory and evidence from Peru
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Lucich,Iván M; Villena,Mauricio G; Quinteros,María José.
The growth of urban areas adjacent to forest areas, as well as international trade growth, has accelerated the demand for food. These areas of growth have led to the deforestation of tropical forests, a process that contributes negatively to climate change, and a decline in the provision of environmental services and biodiversity. This article seeks to propose and simulate a theoretical model of optimal control at the household level. This model is used to explain the dynamics of forest loss by expansion of the agricultural frontier. Under these conditions, based on tradable permanent crops, farmers decide whether to install new areas for cultivation or manage existing ones in a context of increasing transportation costs. We simulate a theoretical model...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Deforestation; Transportation costs; Peruvian Amazon.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202015000200003

Mitigating effect of salicylic acid and nitrate on water relations and osmotic adjustment in maize, cv. Lluteño exposed to salinity
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Escobar,Hugo; Bustos,Richard; Fernández,Felipe; Cárcamo,Henry; Silva,Herman; Frank,Nicolás; Cardemil,Liliana.
We analyzed the mitigating effect of NO3 - and salicylic acid (SA) on the detrimental effects of salt stress by studying the water status of plants of maize grown in Hoagland's medium with NaCl 100 mM as the saline component, to which SA and NO3 - were added in different concentrations as mitigating agents. We evaluated water potential &amp;#936;w, osmotic potential &amp;#936;s, relative water content (RWC), turgor potential (&amp;#936;p ), and the osmotic adjustment (OA) of leaves and roots. SA 0.5 mM mitigated the effects of salinity by increasing the &amp;#936;w of the leaf, the &amp;#936;sof theroot, the &amp;#936;pof the leaf, RWC and OA of the leaf; while NO3 was only effective in combination with SA, mitigating the effects of salinity by increasing...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Nitrate; Osmotic potential; Osmotic adjustment; Salinity mitigation; Salicylic acid; Water potential; Water relative content.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202010000300006

Maturity of Cabernet Sauvignon berries from grapevines grown with two different training systems in a new grape growing region in Brazil
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Falcão,Leila D; Chaves,Eduardo S; Burin,Vivian M; Falcão,Ana Paula; Gris,Eliana F; Bonin,Valdir; Bordignon-Luiz,Marilde T.
The wine grape (Vitis vinifera) cv. Cabernet Sauvignon has recently been introduced at a 1160 m altitude in the São Joaquim área (Santa Catarina State, Southern Brazil). The aim of this work was to evalúate the maturation of Cabernet Sauvignon grapes subjected to a Y training system or a vertical shoot positioning trellis (VSP). Grapes were sampled at 10-day intervals throughout their maturation during two consecutive vintage years (2004-2005 and 2005-2006). Climate data were assessed. Based on the results obtained in both vintage years at maturity, titratable acidities (TA) ranged from 0.67 to 0.85 g-100 mL-1 of tartaric with the pH fluctuating between 3.49 and 3.77. The maturation Índex (total soluble solids/TA) at maturity ranged from 26 to 35, and was...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Cabernet Sauvignon grape; Ripening; Mesoclimate; Vertical shoot positioning trellis; Y system.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202008000300010