Consulta: subjectFacets:"Adaptation"
Registros recuperados: 212
Data/hora: 10/06/2024 13:59:04

Efecto del estrés hídrico y por altas temperaturas sobre algunas características de crecimiento, distribución de biomasa y composición isotópica de carbono de poblaciones de Pinus pinceana
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Martiñón Martínez, Rodrigo Julián.
Con el propósito de determinar las posibilidades de adaptación de Pinus pinceana Gord. a condiciones ambientales asociadas al cambio climático, conocer algunos de los mecanismos fisiológicos involucrados e identificar poblaciones con una mejor respuesta a dichas condiciones, se evaluó el efecto del estrés por sequía y por temperatura sobre el crecimiento, distribución de biomasa, composición isotópica de carbono (δ13C), y tasa relativa de crecimiento (TRC) en plantas de diferentes poblaciones bajo condiciones de invernadero. El diseño experimental incluyó dos ambientes de temperatura, con una diferencia promedio de 2 ºC y dos condiciones de disponibilidad de agua. Los dos factores de estrés ocasionaron una reducción en el crecimiento, la acumulación de...
Tipo: Tesis
Palavras-chave: Adaptación; Cambio climático; Distribución de biomasa; Relación parte aérea-raíz; Variación genética; Δ13C; Eficiencia en el uso del agua; Tasa relativa de crecimiento; Maestría; Forestal; Adaptation; Climate change; Biomass allocation; Shoot-root ratio; Genetic variation; Δ13C; Water use efficiency; Relative growth rate.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/1360

Aptitud combinatoria y estabilidad de líneas de alto rendimiento derivadas de maíz exótico tropical.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Pérez López, Francisco Javier.
Para generar híbridos de maíz (Zea mays L.) de cruza simple de manera rentable, es necesario que las líneas progenitoras hembras sean de alto rendimiento y que los híbridos generados, así como sus líneas parentales muestren buena estabilidad y adaptación ante los cambios en los ambientes de producción. El objetivo de este trabajo fue estimar la aptitud combinatoria general y aptitud combinatoria específica de 10 líneas de maíz altamente homocigóticas y de alta capacidad de rendimiento, derivadas de poblaciones de maíces exóticos adaptados a condiciones de clima templado, para emplearlas como progenitoras de híbridos de cruza simple; y determinar a través de métodos multivariados (AMMI y SREG) la estabilidad y adaptación de dichas líneas y de sus híbridos...
Palavras-chave: Zea mays L.; Adaptación; Aptitud combinatoria; Alto rendimiento; Estabilidad; Germoplasma exótico; Adaptation; Combinatory ability; High yield; Stability; Exotic germplasm; Genética; Maestría.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/2148

La importancia de la federación zacatecana en la promoción del bilinguismo en la migración transnacional
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Juárez Gómez, Olga.
En la presente tesis se muestran resultados obtenidos sobre  la migración de un grupo transnacional en el proceso de adaptación e integración de sus miembros, ya que la migración transnacional es un fenómeno que ha retomado gran importancia a nivel mundial, y ha sido un medio para el desarrollo de comunidades rurales, como es el caso del estado mexicano de Zacatecas, porque este estado, entre otros, es de los principales expulsores de emigrantes masculinos desde el  siglo veinte, y femeninos en la actualidad. Esto ha permitido que est@s emigrantes se organicen en clubes y federaciones como  la Federación de Clubes Zacatecanos en el Sur de California. Sus integrantes han tenido que adoptar, usar y dominar el idioma inglés como un medio en el proceso de...
Palavras-chave: Bilingüismo; Redes sociales; Migración transnacional; Integración; Adaptación Bilingualism; Social networks; Transnational migration; Integration; Adaptation.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/834

Adaptación a clima templado de poblaciones exóticas de maíz mediante selección masal visual.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Gómez Espejo, Ana Luisa.
Independientemente de la eficiencia teórica de los métodos de mejoramiento, es la cantidad de variabilidad genética en las poblaciones la que determina el progreso genético obtenido por ciclo de selección; por ello, es de particular interés para todo programa de mejoramiento genético de maíz (Zea mays L.) incrementar la variabilidad genética de su germoplasma base, siendo para ello una vía la adaptación y uso de germoplasma exótico tropical o subtropical en las regiones de clima templado. En este trabajo se consideró la expresión del rendimiento de grano como indicador de la adaptación a clima templado, proponiéndose además que los genes de adaptación son dominantes sobre los de inadaptación. Así, durante los ciclos P-V 2011 y 2012, se evaluaron 48...
Palavras-chave: Zea mays L.; Adaptación; Selección masal; Rendimiento; Heterosis; Cruzas; Razas exóticas tropicales; Razas de clima templado; Adaptation; Crosses; Yield; Mass selection; Tropical exotic races; Temperate climate races; Genética; Maestría.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/2269

Crecimiento de cuatro cepas del género Rhizobium en presencia de hidrocarburos policíclicos aromáticos (HPA).
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: González Paredes, Yessica.
Este estudio evaluó el crecimiento de cuatro cepas de Rhizobium en medio contaminado con fenantreno (PHE) o benzo[a]pireno (BaP) en concentraciones de 0, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80 y 100 µg mL-1. En la primera fase experimental, R. tropici CIAT899, R. tropici PRF81, R. leucaena CFN299 y R. etli CFN42 crecieron en condiciones in vitro o en simbiosis con Phaseolus vulgaris L. en presencia de PHE y BaP. El crecimiento in vitro de las cuatro cepas a las 24 h, disminuyó al aumentar las concentraciones de ambos HPA; sin embargo, el BaP fue más tóxico para su crecimiento. Las cuatro cepas ante 80 y 100 µg BaP mL-1 presentaron una fase de adaptación; para CIAT899 y PRF81 esta fase fue de 48 h, y para CFN299 y CFN42 esta fase fue de 72 y 96 h, respectivamente. La simbiosis...
Palavras-chave: Rizobios; Tolerancia; Adaptación; Simbiosis; Degradación; Fenantreno; Benzol [a] pireno; Rhizobia; Tolerance; Adaptation; Symbiosis; Degradation; Phenanthrene; Benzol [a] pyrene; Edafología; Maestría.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/1704

Impacto del cambio climático en los distritos de riego en Sinaloa.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Flores Gallardo, Hilario.
El desarrollo de los cultivos depende principalmente de las condiciones ambientales que se presentan durante el ciclo fenológico de los cultivos y de las prácticas de manejo que se utilicen. Debido a lo anterior, la agricultura es el sector productivo más susceptible a la variabilidad climática y por lo tanto, al cambio climático. El cambio climático es atribuido a las actividades antropogénicas y durante los últimos años ha sido aceptado como un fenómeno real que representa una gran amenaza para la producción de alimentos. En el presente estudio se utilizó el modelo AquaCrop para simular el desarrollo y el rendimiento del cultivo de maíz (Zea mays L.) bajo condiciones climáticas actuales y bajo los escenarios de cambio climático A1B y A2. El modelo...
Palavras-chave: Adaptación; Rendimiento; Modelación de cultivos; Variabilidad climática; Adaptation; Climatic variability; Crop model; Yield; Maestría; Hidrociencias.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/334

Parámetros genéticos e interacción genotipo x ambiente en el crecimiento de progenies reintroducidas y nativas de Pinus patula.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Gómez Martínez, Procoro.
Pinus patula Schiede ex Schltdl. et. Cham., es una especie nativa de México ampliamente utilizada en plantaciones comerciales en diferentes regiones del mundo; la especie ha sido mejorada en el extranjero, y es necesario evaluar el material al ser reintroducido a su país de origen. Se comparó el crecimiento de 36 familias de medios hermanos seleccionadas en Colombia y Sudáfrica, reintroducidas en México (grupo R) y 36 familias de medios hermanos escogidas fenotípicamente en rodales naturales (grupo N), en dos sitios con ambientes contrastantes: Aquixtla, Puebla, a 2,930 m (S1) y Acaxochitlán, Hidalgo, a 2,260 m (S2). Se midió el diámetro normal, la altura total y el volumen del fuste a los siete y ocho años de edad, y la conformación del árbol y el número...
Palavras-chave: Análisis de estabilidad; Correlación genética tipo B; Crecimiento; Ganancia genética; Heredabilidad; IGA; Parámetros genéticos; Pinus patula; Progenies; Reintroducción; Adaptation; Ecovalence; Genetic stability; Genetic gain; Genetic parameters; Growth rate; GEI; Heritability; Progeny test; Type-B genetic correlation; Reintroduction; Forestal; Maestría.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/1892

La importancia de la federación zacatecana en la promoción del bilinguismo en la migración transnacional
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Juárez Gómez, Olga.
En la presente tesis se muestran resultados obtenidos sobre  la migración de un grupo transnacional en el proceso de adaptación e integración de sus miembros, ya que la migración transnacional es un fenómeno que ha retomado gran importancia a nivel mundial, y ha sido un medio para el desarrollo de comunidades rurales, como es el caso del estado mexicano de Zacatecas, porque este estado, entre otros, es de los principales expulsores de emigrantes masculinos desde el  siglo veinte, y femeninos en la actualidad. Esto ha permitido que est@s emigrantes se organicen en clubes y federaciones como  la Federación de Clubes Zacatecanos en el Sur de California. Sus integrantes han tenido que adoptar, usar y dominar el idioma inglés como un medio en el proceso de...
Palavras-chave: Bilingüismo; Redes sociales; Migración transnacional; Integración; Adaptación Bilingualism; Social networks; Transnational migration; Integration; Adaptation.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/879

Parámetros genéticos e interacción genotipo x ambiente en características de crecimiento en un ensayo de progenies de Pinus patula Schiede ex Schltdl. et Cham.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Morales González, Erick.
Los programas de mejoramiento genético tienen la finalidad de producir semilla genéticamente superior para llevar a cabo plantaciones comerciales, o mejorar la supervivencia y adaptación de progenies en reforestaciones. En el año 2001, se inició un programa de mejoramiento con Pinus patula Schiede ex Schltdl. et Cham. en la región de Aquixtla, Puebla. Como parte del mismo, en julio del 2005 se estableció un ensayo de progenies en dos sitios ubicados a diferente elevación (S1=2,660 y S2=2,980 m), con el objetivo de evaluar el desempeño de familias de polinización libre (medios hermanos), así como estimar algunos parámetros genéticos. En el ensayo se incluyeron 84 familias de medios hermanos con un diseño de bloques incompletos al azar con 20 repeticiones y...
Palavras-chave: Pinus patula; Ensayo de progenies; Mejoramiento genético; Adaptación; Interacción genotipo x ambiente; Correlaciones genéticas tipo-B; Progeny test; Genetic improvement; Adaptation; Genotype x environment interaction; Type-B genetic correlations; Maestría; Forestal.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/681

La importancia de la federación zacatecana en la promoción del bilinguismo en la migración transnacional
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Juárez Gómez, Olga.
En la presente tesis se muestran resultados obtenidos sobre  la migración de un grupo transnacional en el proceso de adaptación e integración de sus miembros, ya que la migración transnacional es un fenómeno que ha retomado gran importancia a nivel mundial, y ha sido un medio para el desarrollo de comunidades rurales, como es el caso del estado mexicano de Zacatecas, porque este estado, entre otros, es de los principales expulsores de emigrantes masculinos desde el  siglo veinte, y femeninos en la actualidad. Esto ha permitido que est@s emigrantes se organicen en clubes y federaciones como  la Federación de Clubes Zacatecanos en el Sur de California. Sus integrantes han tenido que adoptar, usar y dominar el idioma inglés como un medio en el proceso de...
Tipo: Tesis
Palavras-chave: Bilingüismo; Redes sociales; Migración transnacional; Integración; Adaptación; Maestría; Desarrollo rural; Bilingualism; Social networks; Transnational migration; Integration; Adaptation.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/1216

Toward a new conceptualization of household adaptive capacity to climate change: applying a risk governance lens
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Elrick-Barr, Carmen E; University of the Sunshine Coast; celrick@usc.edu.au; Preston, Benjamin L; Climate Change Science Institute, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; prestonbl@ornl.gov; Thomsen, Dana C; University of the Sunshine Coast; dthomsen@usc.edu.au; Smith, Timothy F.; University of the Sunshine Coast; TSmith5@usc.edu.au.
Increasing evidence highlights the importance of context-specific understanding of the impacts of climate change and the need to move beyond generalized assumptions regarding the nature and utility of adaptive capacity in facilitating adaptation. The household level of impact and response is an under-researched context, despite influential decisions affecting local and system vulnerability being made at this scale. Assessments of household adaptive capacity currently assess the influences of adaptive capacity or the influences on adaptive capacity in isolation. We argue that comprehensive assessments need to examine these influences in combination to capture a dynamic and integrated view of households that better reflects their positioning and role(s) in...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Adaptive capacity; Climate change; Household; Multi-scale.
Ano: 2014

Should sustainability and resilience be combined or remain distinct pursuits?
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Redman, Charles L; Arizona State University, USA; Charles.Redman@asu.edu.
It has become common for sustainability science and resilience theory to be considered as complementary approaches. Occasionally the terms have been used interchangeably.  Although these two approaches share some working principles and objectives, they also are based on some distinct assumptions about the operation of systems and how we can best guide these systems into the future.  Each approach would benefit from some scholars keeping sustainability science and resilience theory separate and focusing on further developing their distinctiveness and other scholars continuing to explore them in combination. Three areas of research in which following different procedures might be beneficial are whether to prioritize outcomes or system dynamics, how best to...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Adaptive capacity; Resilience theory; Sustainability science; Transformation.
Ano: 2014

Climate Factors Play a Limited Role for Past Adaptation Strategies in West Africa
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Mertz, Ole; Department of Geography and Geology, University of Copenhagen; om@geo.ku.dk; Reenberg, Anette; Department of Geography and Geology, University of Copenhagen ; Ar@geo.ku.dk; Barbier, Bruno; International Cooperation Center for Agronomic Research and Development (CIRAD); bbarbier@cirad.fr; Dabi, Daniel; Department of Geography and Planning, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Jos; davoo65@yahoo.com.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate variability; Livestock; Rainfed crops; West Africa.
Ano: 2010

Climate adaptation, transitions, and socially innovative action-research approaches
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Alves, Filipe M; Center for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (CE3C), University of Lisbon; fmalves@fc.ul.pt; Truninger, Monica; Institute of Social Sciences, University of Lisbon; monica.truninger@ics.ulisboa.pt; Penha-Lopes, Gil; Center for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (CE3C), University of Lisbon; gppenha-lopes@fc.ul.pt.
Climate change may be a game-changer for scientific research by promoting a science that is grounded in linking the production of knowledge and societal action in a transition toward more sustainable development pathways. Here, we discuss participatory action-research (PAR) as a way of thinking and leading investigations that may promote incremental and transformative changes in the context of climate change adaptation research. Our exploration is addressed in the Portuguese context, where PAR and sustainable transition studies are still marginal, and adaptation processes are a recent topic on political agendas. We describe the characteristics of PAR and use two studies of adaptation to illustrate how research and practice co-evolve through interactive...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Participatory action-research; Portugal; Transitions.
Ano: 2016

Resilience to climate change in a cross-scale tourism governance context: a combined quantitative-qualitative network analysis
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Luthe, Tobias; University of Applied Sciences Chur, Institute for Tourism and Leisure, Switzerland; University of Freiburg, Centre for Key Qualifications, Germany; info@tobiasluthe.de.
Social systems in mountain regions are exposed to a number of disturbances, such as climate change. Calls for conceptual and practical approaches on how to address climate change have been taken up in the literature. The resilience concept as a comprehensive theory-driven approach to address climate change has only recently increased in importance. Limited research has been undertaken concerning tourism and resilience from a network governance point of view. We analyze tourism supply chain networks with regard to resilience to climate change at the municipal governance scale of three Alpine villages. We compare these with a planned destination management organization (DMO) as a governance entity of the same three municipalities on the regional scale....
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Core-periphery integration; Social network analysis; Stakeholder perceptions; Tourism destination; Transformation.
Ano: 2016

Applying a synthetic approach to the resilience of Finnish reindeer herding as a changing livelihood
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Sarkki, Simo; Cultural Anthropology, University of Oulu, Finland; simo.sarkki@oulu.fi; Komu, Teresa; Cultural Anthropology, University of Oulu, Finland; Teresa.komu@oulu.fi; Heikkinen, Hannu I; Cultural Anthropology, University of Oulu, Finland; hannu.i.heikkinen@oulu.fi; Herva, Vesa-Pekka; Archaeology, University of Oulu, Finland; vesa-pekka.herva@oulu.fi.
Reindeer herding is an emblematic livelihood for Northern Finland, culturally important for local people and valuable in tourism marketing. We examine the livelihood resilience of Finnish reindeer herding by narrowing the focus of general resilience on social-ecological systems (SESs) to a specific livelihood while also acknowledging wider contexts in which reindeer herding is embedded. The questions for specified resilience can be combined with the applied DPSIR approach (Drivers; Pressures: resilience to what; State: resilience of what; Impacts: resilience for whom; Responses: resilience by whom and how). This paper is based on a synthesis of the authors&amp;#8217; extensive anthropological fieldwork on reindeer herding and other land uses in Northern...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Cumulative pressures; DPSIR approach; Environmental governance; Land use; Livelihood resilience; Pastoralism.
Ano: 2016

Continuity and Change in Social-ecological Systems: the Role of Institutional Resilience
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Pahl-Wostl, Claudia; Institute for Environmental Systems Research, University of Osnabrueck; pahl@usf.uni-osnabrueck.de.
In recent years recurring political, economic, and environmental crises require questioning and re-evaluating dominant pathways of human development. However, political and economic frameworks seem to encompass deeply rooted resistance to fundamental changes (e.g., global financial crisis, climate change negotiations). In an effort to repair the system as fast as possible, those paradigms, mechanisms, and structures that led into the crisis are perpetuated. Instead of preserving conventional patterns and focusing on continuity, crises could be used as an opportunity for learning, adapting, and entering onto more sustainable pathways. However, there are different ways not only of arguing for sustainable pathways of development but also of conceptualizing...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Institutions; Persistence; Resilience; Transformation; Water governance.
Ano: 2012

An Update on the Scholarly Networks on Resilience, Vulnerability, and Adaptation within the Human Dimensions of Global Environmental Change
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Janssen, Marco A; Arizona State University; Marco.Janssen@asu.edu.
In Janssen et al. (2006), we presented a bibliometric analysis of the resilience, vulnerability, and adaptation knowledge domains within the research activities on human dimensions of global environmental change. We have updated the analysis because 2 years have gone by since the original analysis, and 1113 more publications can now be added to the database. We analyzed how the resulting 3399 publications between 1967 and 2007 are related in terms of co-authorship and citations.  The rapid increase in the number of publications in the three knowledge domains continued over the last 2 years, and we still see an overlap between the knowledge domains. We were also able to identify the &amp;#8220;hot&amp;#8221; publications of the last 2 years.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed article
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Bibliometric analysis; Citations; Resilience; Vulnerability.
Ano: 2007

Strengthening threatened communities through adaptation: insights from coastal Mozambique
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Blythe, Jessica L.; University of Victoria; jessica.blythe@jcu.edu.au; Murray, Grant; Vancouver Island University; grant.murray@viu.ca; Flaherty, Mark; University of Victoria; flaherty@office.geog.uvic.ca.
Change is a defining characteristic of coastal social-ecological systems, yet the magnitude and speed of contemporary change is challenging the adaptive capacity of even the most robust coastal communities.  In the context of multiple drivers of change, it has become increasingly important to identify how threatened communities adapt to livelihood stressors.  We investigate how adaptation is negotiated in two coastal fishing communities by documenting livelihood stressors, household assets, adaptive strategies, and factors that facilitate or inhibit adaptation.  Declining catch is the most common stressor being experienced in both communities, however, socioeconomic, e.g., disease or theft, and ecological, e.g., severe storms and drought, changes are also...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Africa; Diversification; Intensification; Livelihoods; Small-scale fisheries.
Ano: 2014

Novelty, Adaptive Capacity, and Resilience
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Allen, Craig R; U.S. Geological Survey, Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; allencr@unl.edu; Holling, C. S.; Department of Zoology, University of Florida; holling@zoo.ufl.edu.
We present a conceptual framework that explores some of the forces creating innovation and novelty in complex systems. Understanding the sources of variability and novelty may help us better understand complex systems. Understanding complex phenomena such as invasions, migration, and nomadism may provide insight into the structure of ecosystems and other complex systems, and aid our attempts to cope with and mitigate these phenomena, in the case of invasions, and better understand and or predict them. Our model is broadly applicable to ecological theory, including community ecology, resilience, restoration, and policy. Characterizing the link between landscape change and the composition of species communities may help policymakers in their decision-making...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Cross-scale; Extinction; Innovation; Invasion; Speciation.
Ano: 2010

Can Payments for Ecosystem Services Contribute to Adaptation to Climate Change? Insights from a Watershed in Kenya
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Mwangi, John K.; Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya; PhD Fellow, World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), Nairobi, Kenya ; joymwa86@yahoo.com; Namirembe, Sara; World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), Nairobi, Kenya ; s.namirembe@cgiar.org.
Climate change presents new challenges for the management of social-ecological systems and the ecosystem services they provide. Although the instrument of payments for ecosystem services (PES) has emerged as a promising tool to safeguard or enhance the provision of ecosystem services (ES), little attention has been paid to the potential role of PES in climate change adaptation. As an external stressor climate change has an impact on the social-ecological system in which PES takes place, including the various actors taking part in the PES scheme. Following a short description of the conceptual link between PES and adaptation to climate change, we provide practical insights into the relationship between PES and adaptation to climate change by presenting...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Climate variability; Payments for ecosystem services; Watershed.
Ano: 2014

Adaptive Capacity and Traps
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Carpenter, Stephen R; University of Wisconsin-Madison; srcarpen@wisc.edu; Brock, William A.; University of Wisconsin-Madison; WBrock@ssc.wisc.edu.
Adaptive capacity is the ability of a living system, such as a social&amp;#8211;ecological system, to adjust responses to changing internal demands and external drivers. Although adaptive capacity is a frequent topic of study in the resilience literature, there are few formal models. This paper introduces such a model and uses it to explore adaptive capacity by contrast with the opposite condition, or traps. In a social&amp;#8211;ecological rigidity trap, strong self-reinforcing controls prevent the flexibility needed for adaptation. In the model, too much control erodes adaptive capacity and thereby increases the risk of catastrophic breakdown. In a social&amp;#8211;ecological poverty trap, loose connections prevent the mobilization of ideas and resources...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Allostasis; Model; Poverty trap; Resilience; Rigidity trap; Transformation.
Ano: 2008

Can We Be Both Resilient and Well, and What Choices Do People Have? Incorporating Agency into the Resilience Debate from a Fisheries Perspective.
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Coulthard, Sarah; University of Ulster; s.coulthard@ulster.ac.uk.
In the midst of a global fisheries crisis, there has been great interest in the fostering of adaptation and resilience in fisheries, as a means to reduce vulnerability and improve the capacity of fishing society to adapt to change. However, enhanced resilience does not automatically result in improved well-being of people, and adaptation strategies are riddled with difficult choices, or trade-offs, that people must negotiate. This paper uses the context of fisheries to explore some apparent tensions between adapting to change on the one hand, and the pursuit of well-being on the other, and illustrates that trade-offs can operate at different levels of scale. It argues that policies that seek to support fisheries resilience need to be built on a better...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Agency; Fisheries; Resilience.
Ano: 2012

Vulnerability of the Tibetan Pastoral Systems to Climate and Global Change
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Wang, Yang; Peking University; iywang08@gmail.com; Wang, Jun; Peking University ShenZhen Graduate School; wangjun@pkusz.edu.cn; Li, Shuangcheng; Peking University; scli@urban.pku.edu.cn; Qin, Dahe; Peking University;China Meteorological Administration; qdh@cma.gov.cn.
The impacts of climate and global change on Tibetan pastoral systems have become increasingly evident. Thus, a significant research endeavor is to explore the combined effects of these changes on the livelihoods of herder households and communities, on the adaptation strategies they adopted to respond to the current and expected risks associated with these changes, and on the emerging opportunities that can strengthen their resilience and adaptive capacity. We performed an integrated analysis of the dynamics of Tibetan pastoral systems influenced by climate and global changes by using the analytical framework developed by Ostrom. Climate and global changes have significantly altered the attributes of and the interactions within Tibetan pastoral systems,...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Global change; Herders; Livelihood; Tibetan Plateau; Vulnerability.
Ano: 2014

Adaptation or Manipulation? Unpacking Climate Change Response Strategies
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Thomsen, Dana C; Sustainability Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast; dthomsen@usc.edu.au; Smith, Timothy F; Sustainability Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast; tim.smith@usc.edu.au; Keys, Noni; Sustainability Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast; nkeys@usc.edu.au.
Adaptation is a key feature of sustainable social&amp;#8211;ecological systems. As societies traverse various temporal and spatial scales, they are exposed to differing contexts and precursors for adaptation. A cursory view of the response to these differing contexts and precursors suggests the particular ability of persistent societies to adapt to changing circumstances. Yet a closer examination into the meaning of adaptation and its relationship to concepts of resilience, vulnerability, and sustainability illustrates that, in many cases, societies actually manipulate their social&amp;#8211;ecological contexts rather than adapt to them. It could be argued that manipulative behaviors are a subset of a broader suite of adaptive behaviors; however, this...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Adaptive capacity; Climate change; Learning; Manipulation; Path dependency; Resilience.
Ano: 2012

The Adaptation Policy Paradox: the Implementation Deficit of Policies Framed as Climate Change Adaptation
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Dupuis, Johann; Swiss Graduate School of Public Administration (IDHEAP), University of Lausanne; dupuis.johann@gmail.com; Knoepfel, Peter; Swiss Graduate School of Public Administration (IDHEAP), University of Lausanne; Peter.Knoepfel@idheap.unil.ch.
The implementation of adaptation policies suffers from barriers and limits; even though adaptation is now set on the political agendas of developed and developing countries, surprisingly few examples of concrete policy realizations are found in comparative assessments. We investigate how the framings of adaptation as a policy problem can relate to tractability issues in implementation. We distinguish three framings of adaptation: climate change adaptation (CCA), climate variability adaptation (CVA), and vulnerability-centered adaptation (VCA) that imply conflicting interpretations of the collective problem to be solved and the goals to be attained through policy solutions. Through the methodology of comparative case studies, we conduct an empirical...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Adaptive capacity; Barriers; Climate change; Framing; Implementation; Policy coordination; Policy design; Political sciences; Public policy; Tractability.
Ano: 2013

Mainstreaming ecosystem-based adaptation: transformation toward sustainability in urban governance and planning
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Wamsler, Christine; Lund University Centre for Sustainability Studies (LUCSUS), Sweden; Centre for Societal Resilience (CSR), Sweden; Global Urban Research Centre (GURC), Manchester University, UK; christine.wamsler@lucsus.lu.se.
The concept of ecosystem-based adaptation is advocated at international, national, and regional levels. The concept is thought to foster sustainability transitions and is receiving increasing interest from academic and governmental bodies alike. However, there is little theory regarding the pathways for its systematic implementation. It furthermore remains unclear to what degree the concept is already applied in urban planning practice, how it is integrated into existing planning structures and processes, and what drivers exist for further integration. Against this background, this study examines potential ways to sustainably mainstream ecosystem-based adaptation into urban planning. Eight municipalities in Southern Germany were investigated to analyze the...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Green infrastructure; Landscape planning; Municipal planning; Resilience; Risk reduction; Sustainability transitions; Sustainable transformation; Urban planning; Urban transformation.
Ano: 2015

Justice in Urban Climate Change Adaptation: Criteria and Application to Delhi
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Hughes, Sara; National Center for Atmospheric Research; shughes@ucar.edu.
Cities around the world are increasingly developing plans to adapt to the consequences of climate change. These plans will have important consequences for urban populations because they are likely to reshape and reconfigure urban infrastructures, services, and decision making processes. It is critical that these adaptation plans are developed in a way that is just. Criteria  was developed that can be used to assess justice in adaptation so that the processes, priorities, and impacts address the needs of the most vulnerable urban populations. Further, mechanisms are outlined that have been proposed as responsible for producing urban injustice. The justice criteria are applied to the case of adaptation planning in Delhi and the extent to which poor and...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Cities and climate change; Equity; Justice; Planning.
Ano: 2013

Communicating adaptation with emotions: the role of intense experiences in raising concern about extreme weather.
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Vasileiadou, Eleftheria; Institute for Environmental Studies, VU University Amsterdam; School for Innovation Studies, Eindhoven University of Technology; e.vasileiadou@vu.nl; Botzen, Wouter J. W.; Institute for Environmental Studies, VU University Amsterdam; wouter.botzen@vu.nl.
Adaptation to extreme weather is often considered as having a low urgency and being a low priority governance option, even though the intensity of extreme weather events is expected to increase as a result of climate change. An important issue is how to raise an adequate level of concern among individuals, policy makers, and broader decision makers in companies and organizations so that adaptation to extreme events becomes mainstream practice. We conducted 40 indepth interviews with individuals from different sectors in The Netherlands to identify the different types of experiences with extreme events, as well as the relationship between such experiences and the level of concern about extreme weather. Our results indicate that individuals who have...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Availability heuristic; Extreme weather; Risk communication; Risk perception.
Ano: 2014

National Climate Change Policies and Sustainable Water Management: Conflicts and Synergies
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Pittock, Jamie; Australian National University; jamie.pittock@anu.edu.au.
Even in the absence of climate change, freshwater ecosystems and the resources they provide for people are under great pressure because of increasing demand for water and declines in water quality. The imminent onset of climate change will exacerbate these impacts, placing even greater pressure on already stressed resources and regions. A plethora of national climate change policies have been adopted that emphasize structural adjustment in the energy sector and increasing carbon sinks. To date, most public debate on water has focused on the direct impacts of climate change on hydrology. However, there is growing evidence that climate change policies themselves may have substantial additional and negative impacts on freshwater resources and ecosystems and...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Conservation; Energy; Governments; Policies; Rivers.
Ano: 2011

Social Justice and Adaptation in the UK
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Benzie, Magnus; Stockholm Environment Institute; magnus.benzie@sei-international.org.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Social justice; Vulnerability.
Ano: 2014

Using social representations theory to make sense of climate change: what scientists and nonscientists in Australia think
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Moloney, Gail; Psychology, Southern Cross University; gail.moloney@scu.edu.au; Leviston, Zoe; CSIRO, Land and Water Flagship; Zoe.Leviston@csiro.au; Lynam, Timothy; CSIRO, Social and Economic Sciences Program; tim.lynam@internode.on.net; Price, Jennifer; CSIRO, Land and Water Flagship;; Stone-Jovicich, Samantha; CSIRO, Land and Water Flagship;; Blair, Duncan; CSIRO, Land and Water Flagship;.
The mass media has ensured that the challenging and complex phenomenon of climate change now has the household familiarity of a brand name. But what is it that is understood by climate change, and by whom? What frame of reference is drawn upon to communicate meaningfully about climate change?  Do particular subgroups within our society hold different understandings, or have the debate and the prolific dissemination of information about this issue coalesced around a core perception or image of what climate change is?  To answer these questions, we conceptualized climate change within the theory of social representations as emergent socially constructed knowledge. We analyzed word association data collected in Australia from persons identifying as having a...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Social representations theory; Word associations.
Ano: 2014

Impact of fuel costs on high-latitude subsistence activities
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Brinkman, Todd; Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks; tjbrinkman@alaska.edu; Kelly, James; Council of Athabascan Tribal Governments; jkelly@catg.org; Vandyke, Michelle; Council of Athabascan Tribal Governments; mvandyke@catg.org; Firmin, Andrew; Council of Athabascan Tribal Governments;; Springsteen, Anna; Scenarios Network for Alaska and Arctic Planning, University of Alaska Fairbanks; alspringsteen@alaska.edu.
Most rural residents in Arctic communities rely on motorized transportation to hunt, fish, trap, and gather subsistence resources. Although these technologies have created advantages, one significant disadvantage is that peoples&amp;#8217; ability to meet their nutritional and cultural needs now depends on consistent opportunities for wage employment and availability of affordable fuel. Recent qualitative research suggested that rising fuel prices have disrupted subsistence lifestyles in the Arctic. Our objectives were to collaborate with subsistence users in rural Alaskan communities to quantify how rising fuel costs have impacted subsistence activities and explore ways local residents may adapt to the trajectory of change. We conducted interviews with...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Alaska; Gasoline; Interviews; Social resilience; Subsistence.
Ano: 2014

Sustainable Land-use Practices in European Mountain Regions under Global Change: an Integrated Research Approach
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Huber, Robert; Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL ; robert.huber@wsl.ch; Bugmann, Harald; ETH Zurich; harald.bugmann@env.ethz.ch; Rigling, Andreas; Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL; andreas.rigling@wsl.ch.
This Special Feature on sustainable land-use practices in European mountain regions presents results from the inter- and transdisciplinary research project MOUNTLAND. The goal was to investigate the sensitivity of the provision of ecosystem services to both climatic and land-use changes and to suggest alternative policies and governance structures for mitigating the impact of such changes and enhancing sustainable management practices in mountain regions. The individual articles provide: (1) new scientific findings regarding the impacts of climate and land-use changes on ecosystem processes in three sensitive mountain regions of Switzerland; (2) an assessment of the feedback effects arising from changing socioeconomic and political conditions, land use,...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Ecosystem services; Experiments; Interdisciplinary research; Land-use change; Management; Modeling; Transdisciplinary research.
Ano: 2013

Ecosystem Services and Abrupt Transformations in a Coastal Wetland Social-Ecological System: Tubul-Raqui after the 2010 Earthquake in Chile
Provedor de dados: 7
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Millennium Ecosystem Assessment; Natural disasters; Perceptions; Transformations; Well-being.
Ano: 2014

Climate-induced community relocations: using integrated social-ecological assessments to foster adaptation and resilience
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Bronen, Robin; University of Alaska Fairbanks; Alaska Institute for Justice; robin.bronen@akijp.org.
Extreme weather events coupled with sea level rise and erosion will cause coastal and riverine areas where people live and maintain livelihoods to disappear permanently.  Adaptation to these environmental changes, including the permanent relocation of millions of people, requires new governance tools.  In the USA, local governments, often with state-level and national-level support, will be primarily responsible for protecting residents from climate-change impacts and implementing policies needed to protect their welfare.  Government agencies have a variety of tools to facilitate protection in place and managed coastal retreat but have very limited tools to facilitate community relocation.  In addition, no institutional mechanism currently exists to...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Coastal retreat; Community relocation; Social-ecological monitoring and assessment.
Ano: 2015

Application of Structured Decision Making to an Assessment of Climate Change Vulnerabilities and Adaptation Options for Sustainable Forest Management
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Ogden, Aynslie E; Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia; Forest Management Branch, Government of Yukon; aynslie.ogden@gov.yk.ca; Innes, John L; Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia; john.innes@ubc.ca.
A logical starting point for climate change adaptation in the forest sector is to proactively identify management practices and policies that have a higher likelihood of achieving management objectives across a wide range of potential climate futures. This should be followed by implementation of these options and monitoring their success in achieving management objectives within an adaptive management context. Here, we implement an approach to identify locally appropriate adaptation options by tapping into the experiential knowledge base of local forest practitioners while at the same time, building capacity within this community to implement the results. We engaged 30 forest practitioners who are involved with the implementation of a regional forest...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Impacts; Structured decision making; Sustainable forest management; Vulnerability.
Ano: 2009

Complex Land Systems: the Need for Long Time Perspectives to Assess their Future
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Dearing, John A.; University of Southampton; j.dearing@soton.ac.uk; Braimoh, Ademola K.; Global Land Project, Sapporo Nodal Office, Hokkaido University; World Bank; abraimoh@glp.hokudai.ac.jp; Reenberg, Anette; Global Land Project, International Project Office, University of Copenhagen; Ar@geogr.ku.dk; Turner, Billie L.; Arizona State University; Billie.L.Turner@asu.edu; van der Leeuw, Sander; Arizona State University; vanderle@asu.edu.
The growing awareness about the need to anticipate the future of land systems focuses on how well we understand the interactions between society and environmental processes within a complexity framework. A major barrier to understanding is insufficient attention given to long (multidecadal) temporal perspectives on complex system behavior that can provide insights through both analog and evolutionary approaches. Analogs are useful in generating typologies of generic system behavior, whereas evolutionary assessments provide insight into site-specific system properties. Four dimensions of these properties: (1) trends and trajectories, (2) frequencies, thresholds and alternate steady states, (3) slow and fast processes, and (4) legacies and contingencies, are...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Complex systems; Global Land Project; Land systems; Multidecadal timescales; Resilience; Socioecological systems; Sustainability science.
Ano: 2010

Of Models and Meanings: Cultural Resilience in Social&amp;#8211;Ecological Systems
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Crane, Todd A.; Technology and Agrarian Development, Wageningen University; todd.crane@wur.nl.
Modeling has emerged as a key technology in analysis of social&amp;#8211;ecological systems. However, the tendency for modeling to focus on the mechanistic materiality of biophysical systems obscures the diversity of performative social behaviors and normative cultural positions of actors within the modeled system. The fact that changes in the biophysical system can be culturally constructed in different ways means that the perception and pursuit of adaptive pathways can be highly variable. Furthermore, the adoption of biophysically resilient livelihoods can occur under conditions that are subjectively experienced as the radical transformation of cultural systems. The objectives of this work are to: (1) highlight the importance of understanding the place...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Agropastoralism; Climate change; Mali; Modeling; Resilience.
Ano: 2010

Resilience Thinking: Integrating Resilience, Adaptability and Transformability
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Folke, Carl; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University; Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences; carl.folke@beijer.kva.se; Carpenter, Stephen R; Center for Limnology, University of Wisconsin; srcarpen@wisc.edu; Walker, Brian; CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University; Brian.Walker@csiro.au; Scheffer, Marten; Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group, Wageningen Agricultural University; Marten.Scheffer@wur.nl; Chapin, Terry; Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks; fschapiniii@alaska.edu.
Resilience thinking addresses the dynamics and development of complex social&amp;#8211;ecological systems (SES). Three aspects are central: resilience, adaptability and transformability. These aspects interrelate across multiple scales. Resilience in this context is the capacity of a SES to continually change and adapt yet remain within critical thresholds. Adaptability is part of resilience. It represents the capacity to adjust responses to changing external drivers and internal processes and thereby allow for development along the current trajectory (stability domain). Transformability is the capacity to cross thresholds into new development trajectories. Transformational change at smaller scales enables resilience at larger scales. The capacity to...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Adaptability; Adaptation; Resilience; Social-ecological systems; Transformability; Transformation.
Ano: 2010

Developing Adaptation and Adapting Development
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Lemos, Maria Carmen; James Martin 21st Century School Fellow, Environmental Change Institute, Oxford University Centre for the Environment, Oxford, OX1 3QY, UK; School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.; lemos@umich.edu; Boyd, Emily; James Martin 21st Century School Fellow, Environmental Change Institute, Oxford University Centre for the Environment, South Parks Road, Oxford, UK OX1 3QY; emily.boyd@ouce.ox.ac.uk; Tompkins, Emma L; James Martin 21st Century School Fellow, Environmental Change Institute, Oxford University Centre for the Environment, South Parks Road, Oxford, UK OX1 3QY; emma.tompkins@ouce.ox.ac.uk; Osbahr, Henny; Tyndall Centre Research Fellow, Environmental Change Institute, Oxford University Centre for the Environment, South Parks Road, Oxford, UK OX1 3QY; henny.osbahr@ouce.ox.ac.uk; Liverman, Diana; Director, Environmental Change Institute, Environmental Change Institute, Oxford University Centre for the Environment, South Parks Road, Oxford, UK OX1 3QY; diana.liverman@eci.ox.ac.uk.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed article
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Adaptive capacity; Climate change; Development; Resilience.
Ano: 2007

The roles of networks, learning, and general resilience in oil spills
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Cheong, So-Min; Associate Professor, Department of Geography, College of Liberal Arts &amp; Sciences, University of Kansas; somin@ku.edu.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Oil spills; Vulnerability.
Ano: 2014

Evaluating Successful Livelihood Adaptation to Climate Variability and Change in Southern Africa
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Osbahr, Henny; University of Reading and Walker Institute for Climate System Research; h.osbahr@reading.ac.uk; Twyman, Chasca; University of Sheffield;; Adger, W. Neil; Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, University of East Anglia;; Thomas, David S. G.; University of Oxford;.
This paper examines the success of small-scale farming livelihoods in adapting to climate variability and change. We represent adaptation actions as choices within a response space that includes coping but also longer-term adaptation actions, and define success as those actions which promote system resilience, promote legitimate institutional change, and hence generate and sustain collective action. We explore data on social responses from four regions across South Africa and Mozambique facing a variety of climate risks. The analysis suggests that some collective adaptation actions enhance livelihood resilience to climate change and variability but others have negative spillover effects to other scales. Any assessment of successful adaptation is, however,...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Africa; Climate change; Livelihoods; Resilience.
Ano: 2010

Managing for climate change on federal lands of the western United States: perceived usefulness of climate science, effectiveness of adaptation strategies, and barriers to implementation
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Kemp, Kerry B; Department of Forest, Rangeland, and Fire Sciences, University of Idaho; kkemp@uidaho.edu; Blades, Jarod J; College of Food, Agriculture, and Environmental Science, University of Wisconsin-River Falls; jarod.blades@uwrf.edu; Klos, P. Zion; Department of Forest, Rangeland, and Fire Sciences, University of Idaho; zion@uidaho.edu; Hall, Troy E.; Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, Oregon State University; Troy.Hall@oregonstate.edu; Force, Jo Ellen; Department of Forest, Rangeland, and Fire Sciences, University of Idaho; joellen@uidaho.edu; Morgan, Penelope; Department of Forest, Rangeland, and Fire Sciences, University of Idaho; pmorgan@uidaho.edu; Tinkham, Wade T.; Department of Forest and Rangeland Stewardship, Colorado State University; wade.tinkham@colostate.edu.
Recent mandates in the United States require federal agencies to incorporate climate change science into land management planning efforts.  These mandates target possible adaptation and mitigation strategies. However, the degree to which climate change is actively being considered in agency planning and management decisions is largely unknown. We explored the usefulness of climate change science for federal resource managers, focusing on the efficacy of potential adaptation strategies and barriers limiting the use of climate change science in adaptation efforts.  Our study was conducted in the northern Rocky Mountains region of the western United States, where we interacted with 77 U.S. Forest Service and Bureau of Land Management personnel through...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Bureau of Land Management; Climate change; Decision making; Forest Service; Land management; Public lands.
Ano: 2015

Ecosystem Services Linking Social and Ecological Systems: River Brownification and the Response of Downstream Stakeholders
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Tuvendal, Magnus; Department of Systems Ecology, Stockholm University, Sweden; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Sweden; magnus.tuvendal@ecology.su.se; Elmqvist, Thomas; Department of Systems Ecology, Stockholm University, Sweden; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Sweden; thomase@ecology.su.se.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Brownification; Coping; Ecosystem service; Governance; Resilience; Response strategies; Social-ecological system; Transformation.
Ano: 2011

Payments for Ecosystem Services in the Context of Adaptation to Climate Change
Provedor de dados: 7
The concept of payments for ecosystem services (PES) has recently emerged as a promising tool for enhancing or safeguarding the provision of ecosystem services (ES). Although the concept has been extensively scrutinized in terms of its potential positive and negative impacts on the poor in developing countries, less attention has been paid to examining the role of PES in the context of adaptation to climate change. PES has some potential to contribute to adaptation to climate change, but there are also risks that it could undermine adaptation efforts. In order to maximize synergies and minimize trade-offs between PES and adaptation, it is important that the conceptual links between both are made explicit. The present article presents the main conceptual...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Adaptive capacity; Climate change; Ecosystem services; Payments for ecosystem services; Payments for environmental services; Vulnerability.
Ano: 2012

Value of traditional oral narratives in building climate-change resilience: insights from rural communities in Fiji
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Janif, Shaiza Z.; Research Office, University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji Islands; shaiza.janif@usp.ac.fj; Nunn, Patrick D.; Australian Centre for Pacific Islands Research, University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia; pnunn@usc.edu.au; Geraghty, Paul; School of Language, Arts and Media, University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji Islands; Department of Linguistics, University of New England, New South Wales, Australia; paul.geraghty@usp.ac.fj; Aalbersberg, William; Institute of Applied Sciences, University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji Islands; william.aalbersberg@usp.ac.fj; Thomas, Frank R.; Oceania Centre for Arts, Culture and Pacific Studies, University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji Islands; frank.r.thomas@usp.ac.fj; Camailakeba, Mereoni; Fiji Museum, Suva, Fiji Islands; camailakeba@gmail.com.
In the interests of improving engagement with Pacific Island communities to enable development of effective and sustainable adaptation strategies to climate change, we looked at how traditional oral narratives in rural/peripheral Fiji communities might be used to inform such strategies.  Interviews were undertaken and observations made in 27 communities; because the custodians of traditional knowledge were targeted, most interviewees were 70-79 years old.  The view that oral traditions, particularly those referring to environmental history and the observations/precursors of environmental change, were endangered was widespread and regretted.  Interviewees&amp;#8217; personal experiences of extreme events (natural disasters) were commonplace but no...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Community; Fiji; Oral traditions; Pacific Islands; Resilience; Rural.
Ano: 2016

The Interplay of Well-being and Resilience in Applying a Social-Ecological Perspective
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Armitage, Derek; University of Waterloo; derek.armitage@uwaterloo.ca; Charles, Anthony T; Saint Mary's University; Tony.Charles@SMU.CA; Johnson, Derek; University of Manitoba; derek_johnson@umanitoba.ca; Allison, Edward H; The WorldFish Center and the University of East Anglia; e.allison@cgiar.org.
Innovative combinations of social and ecological theory are required to deal with complexity and change in human-ecological systems. We examined the interplay and complementarities that emerge by linking resilience and social well-being approaches. First, we reflected on the limitations of applying ecological resilience concepts to social systems from the perspective of social theory, and particularly, the concept of well-being. Second, we examined the interplay of resilience and well-being concepts in fostering a social-ecological perspective that promises more appropriate management and policy actions. We examined five key points of interplay: (1) the limits of optimization thinking (e.g., maximum sustainable yield), (2) the role of human agency and...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Agency; Governance; Integration; Interdisciplinarity; Policy; Sustainability; Thresholds; Transdisciplinarity; Uncertainty.
Ano: 2012

Wicked Social-Ecological Problems Forcing Unprecedented Change on the Latitudinal Margins of Coral Reefs: the Case of Southwest Madagascar
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Cinner, Joshua E; ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies,  James Cook University, Australia; joshua.cinner@jcu.edu.au; Pichon, Michel; Museum of Tropical Queensland, Townsville, Australia; James Cook University; michel.pichon@bigpond.com; Rasoamanendrika, Faravavy; Institut Halieutique et des Sciences Marines, Toliara, Madagascar; faraagrippine@yahoo.fr; Zinke, Jens; The University of Western Australia, School of Earth and Environment;  UWA Oceans Institute and the Australian Institute of Marine Science, Australia; jens.zinke@uwa.edu.au; McClanahan, Tim R; Wildlife Conservation Society, Marine Programs, Bronx, New York, USA; tmcclanahan@wcs.org.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Governance; Marine resources; Migration; Solutions.
Ano: 2012

Institutional Barriers to Climate Change Adaptation in U.S. National Parks and Forests
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Jantarasami, Lesley C; University of Washington; ljantara@u.washington.edu; Lawler, Joshua J; University of Washington; jlawler@u.washington.edu; Thomas, Craig W; University of Washington; thomasc@u.washington.edu.
Climate change will increasingly challenge ecosystem managers' ability to protect species diversity and maintain ecosystem function. In response, the National Park Service and the United States Forest Service have promoted climate change adaptation as a management strategy to increase ecosystem resilience to changing climatic conditions. However, very few examples of completed adaptation plans or projects exist. Here, we examine managers' perceptions of internal and external institutional barriers to implementing adaptation strategies. We conducted semi-structured interviews (n=32) with regional managers and agency staff in six park and forest units in Washington State. We found that internal barriers, including unclear mandates from superiors and...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Ecosystem management; Institutional barriers.
Ano: 2010

Long-term community responses to droughts in the early modern period: the case study of Terrassa, Spain
Provedor de dados: 7
New challenges posed by global environmental change have motivated scholars to pay growing attention to historical long-term strategies to deal with climate extremes. We aim to understand long-term trends in community responses to cope with droughts, to explain how many preindustrial societies coevolved with local hydro-climatic dynamics and coped with climate extremes over time. The specific goals of this work are: (1) to analyze how local communities experienced droughts over long periods of time and (2) to document the spectrum of recorded community responses to drought. Our research covers over one century (1605-1710) of responses to drought in the community of Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain. Data were collected through archival research. We reviewed and...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Drought; Early modern period; Environmental history.
Ano: 2016

Rural local institutions and climate change adaptation in forest communities in Cameroon
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Peach Brown, H. Carolyn; University of Prince Edward Island; hcpbrown@upei.ca; Sonwa, Denis J.; Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR); D.SONWA@CGIAR.ORG.
Surveys and interviews were used to understand community resilience in forest-dependent communities facing climate change in Cameroon. Surveys of 232 individuals showed a diversity of formal and informal institutions that relate to most aspects of rural life. Although direct activities related to climate change adaptation were limited, the activities and density of membership in rural local institutions could increase the community&amp;#8217;s adaptive capacity. Twenty-six semistructured interviews were also conducted with representatives of diverse local institutions who had some responsibility for agriculture, forests, conservation, or development. Local governmental institutions had not received any information from the national level and were limited...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Africa; Climate change; Community forests; Local institutions; Resilience.
Ano: 2015

Resilience of small-scale societies: a view from drylands
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Puy, Arnald; Institute of Geography, University of Cologne; Maritime Civilizations Department, Recanati Institute for Maritime Studies, University of Haifa; arnald.puy@gmail.com; Biagetti, Stefano; Complexity and Socio-Ecological dynamics (CaSEs), Spain; Departament d'Humanitats, Universitat Pompeu Fabra; School of Geography, Archaeology and Environmental Studies (GAES), University of the Witwatersrand; stefano.biagetti@upf.edu.
To gain insights on long-term social-ecological resilience, we examined adaptive responses of small-scale societies to dryland-related hazards in different regions and chronological periods, spanning from the mid-Holocene to the present. Based on evidence from Africa (Sahara and Sahel), Asia (south margin of the Thar desert), and Europe (South Spain), we discuss key traits and coping practices of small-scale societies that are potentially relevant for building resilience. The selected case studies illustrate four main coping mechanisms: mobility and migration, storage, commoning, and collective action driven by religious beliefs. Ultimately, the study of resilience in the context of drylands emphasizes the importance of adaptive traits and practices that...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Coping mechanisms; Drylands; Resilience; Social-ecological systems; Sustainability; Traditional ecological knowledge.
Ano: 2016

Rethinking Social Contracts: Building Resilience in a Changing Climate
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: O'Brien, Karen; Department of Sociology and Human Geography, University of Oslo, Norway; karen.obrien@sosgeo.uio.no; Hayward, Bronwyn; School of Political Science and Communication, University of Canterbury, New Zealand; bronwyn.hayward@canterbury.ac.nz; Berkes, Fikret; University of Manitoba, Canada; berkes@cc.umanitoba.ca.
Social contracts play an important role in defining the reciprocal rights, obligations, and responsibilities between states and citizens. Climate change is creating new challenges for both states and citizens, inevitably forcing a rethinking of existing and evolving social contracts. In particular, the social arrangements that enhance the well-being and security of both present and future generations are likely to undergo dramatic transformations in response to ecosystem changes, more extreme weather events, and the consequences of social&amp;#8211;ecological changes in distant locations.  The types of social contracts that evolve in the face of a changing climate will have considerable implications for adaptation policies and processes.  We consider how a...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; New Zealand; Northern Canada; Norway; Resilience; Social contracts.
Ano: 2009

The role played by social-ecological resilience as a method of integration in interdisciplinary research
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Beichler, Simone A.; HafenCity University Hamburg; simone.beichler@gmx.de; Hasibovic, Sanin; HafenCity University Hamburg; sanin_hasibovic@gmx.de; Davidse, Bart Jan; HafenCity University Hamburg; bartel-johannes.davidse@hcu-hamburg.de; Deppisch, Sonja; HafenCity University Hamburg; sonja.deppisch@hcu-hamburg.de.
Today&amp;#8217;s multifaceted environmental problems, including climate change, necessitate interdisciplinary research. It is however difficult to combine disciplines to study such complex phenomena. We analyzed the experience we gained in applying a particular method of interdisciplinary integration, the &amp;#8216;bridging concept.&amp;#8217; We outlined the entire process of developing, utilizing, and adapting social-ecological resilience as a bridging concept in a research project involving seven different disciplines. We focused on the tensions and opportunities arising from interdisciplinary dialogue and the understandings and manifestations of resilience in the disciplines involved. By evaluating the specific cognitive and social functions of...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Bridging concept; Climate change; Interdisciplinarity; Resilience.
Ano: 2014

Understanding adaptation and transformation through indigenous practice: the case of the Guna of Panama
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Apgar, Marina J; Policy, Economic and Social Sciences, WorldFish Center; m.apgar@cgxchange.org; Allen, Will; Learning for Sustainability; willallennz@gmail.com; Moore, Kevin; Faculty of Environment, Society and Design, Lincoln University; kevin.moore@lincoln.ac.nz; Ataria, James; Te Matapuna, Kaupapa Maori Unit, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University; jamie.ataria@gmail.com.
Resilience is emerging as a promising vehicle for improving management of social-ecological systems that can potentially lead to more sustainable arrangements between environmental and social spheres. Central to an understanding of how to support resilience is the need to understand social change and its links with adaptation and transformation. Our aim is to contribute to insights about and understanding of underlying social dynamics at play in social-ecological systems. We argue that longstanding indigenous practices provide opportunities for investigating processes of adaptation and transformation. We use in-depth analysis of adaptation and transformation through engagement in participatory action research, focusing on the role of cultural and social...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Cultural practice; Guna; Reflection; Resilience; Ritual; Participatory action research; Transformation.
Ano: 2015

The governance of adaptation: choices, reasons, and effects. Introduction to the Special Feature
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Huitema, Dave; VU University Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Open University of the Netherlands; dave.huitema@ivm.vu.nl; Adger, William Neil; University of Exeter; n.adger@exeter.ac.uk; Berkhout, Frans; Department of Geography, King's College London, UK; frans.berkhout@kcl.ac.uk; Massey, Eric; VU University; eric.massey@vu.nl; Mazmanian, Daniel; University of Southern California; mazmania@usc.edu; Munaretto, Stefania; Institute for Environmental Studies (IVM), VU University Amsterdam; stefania.munaretto@vu.nl; Plummer, Ryan; Environmental Sustainability Research Centre, Brock University, Canada; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Sweden; ryan.plummer@brocku.ca; Termeer, Catrien C. J. A. M.; Wageningen University; katrien.termeer@wur.nl.
The governance of climate adaptation involves the collective efforts of multiple societal actors to address problems, or to reap the benefits, associated with impacts of climate change. Governing involves the creation of  institutions, rules and organizations, and the selection of normative principles to guide problem solution and institution building. We argue that actors involved in governing climate change adaptation, as climate change governance regimes evolve, inevitably must engage  in making choices, for instance on problem definitions, jurisdictional levels, on modes of governance and policy instruments, and on the timing of interventions. Yet little is known about how and why these choices are made in practice, and how such choices affect the...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Governance.
Ano: 2016

Illusions of Resilience? An Analysis of Community Responses to Change in Northern Norway.
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Amundsen, Helene; CICERO Centre for Climate and Environmental Research - Oslo; helene.amundsen@cicero.uio.no.
This article contributes to our understanding of community resilience. Community resilience is the ability of a community to cope and adjust to stresses caused by social, political, and environmental change and to engage community resources to overcome adversity and take advantage of opportunities in response to change. Through an analysis of local responses to multiple challenges, six dimensions of community resilience were found in one village in northern Norway. These dimensions; community resources, community networks, institutions and services, people&amp;#8211;place connections, active agents, and learning; are activated in processes and activities in the village to respond to current challenges. Although this corroborates findings from other...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Community resilience; Adaptation; Local development; Northern Norway.
Ano: 2012

Resilience: Accounting for the Noncomputable
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Carpenter, Stephen R; University of Wisconsin; srcarpen@wisc.edu; Folke, Carl; Stockholm University; Beijer Institute; carl.folke@beijer.kva.se; Scheffer, Marten; Wageningen University; Marten.Scheffer@wur.nl; Westley, Frances; University of Waterloo; fwestley@watarts.uwaterloo.ca.
Plans to solve complex environmental problems should always consider the role of surprise. Nevertheless, there is a tendency to emphasize known computable aspects of a problem while neglecting aspects that are unknown and failing to ask questions about them. The tendency to ignore the noncomputable can be countered by considering a wide range of perspectives, encouraging transparency with regard to conflicting viewpoints, stimulating a diversity of models, and managing for the emergence of new syntheses that reorganize fragmentary knowledge.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Resilience; Adaptation; Transformation; Surprise.
Ano: 2009

Traditional Ecological Knowledge and Global Environmental Change: Research findings and policy implications
Provedor de dados: 7
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed article
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Biocultural diversity; Indigenous knowledge; Resilience; Small-scale societies.
Ano: 2013

Anticipating future risk in social-ecological systems using fuzzy cognitive mapping: the case of wildfire in the Chiquitania, Bolivia
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Devisscher, Tahia; Environmental Change Institute&amp;#8236;, School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford; Stockholm Environment Institute; tahia.devisscher@ouce.ox.ac.uk; Boyd, Emily; Department of Geography and Environmental Sciences, University of Reading; Lund University Centre for Sustainability Studies; emily.boyd@reading.ac.uk; Malhi, Yadvinder; Environmental Change Institute&amp;#8236;, School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford; yadvinder.malhi@ouce.ox.ac.uk.
Understanding complex social-ecological systems, and anticipating how they may respond to rapid change, requires an approach that incorporates environmental, social, economic, and policy factors, usually in a context of fragmented data availability. We employed fuzzy cognitive mapping (FCM) to integrate these factors in the assessment of future wildfire risk in the Chiquitania region, Bolivia. In this region, dealing with wildfires is becoming increasingly challenging because of reinforcing feedbacks between multiple drivers. We conducted semistructured interviews and constructed different FCMs in focus groups to understand the regional dynamics of wildfire from diverse perspectives. We used FCM modelling to evaluate possible adaptation scenarios in the...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Complexity; Scenario; Social-ecological system; Uncertainty; Wildfire risk.
Ano: 2016

What we have lost and cannot become: societal outcomes of coastal erosion in southern Belize
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Karlsson, Marianne; Center for International Climate and Environmental Research - Oslo (CICERO); Department of International Environment and Development Studies, Norwegian University of Life Sciences; marianne.karlsson@nmbu.no; van Oort, Bob; Center for International Climate and Environmental Research - Oslo (CICERO); bvo@cicero.oslo.no.
Countries in the Caribbean region, including Belize, are vulnerable to coastal erosion. Experts and scholars have assessed the effects of coastal erosion in the region in physical and economic terms, most often from a sectoral perspective. However, less attention has been directed to the localized and nonquantifiable effects of coastal erosion in the region. We address this research gap by presenting an empirical study of a village in southern Belize that has experienced significant coastal erosion since the mid-1980s. Drawing on interviews, a mapping exercise, and a literature review, we analyze how villagers are experiencing the impacts of coastal change, and what the resulting risks and losses mean for the socioeconomic stability of the village. We...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Belize; Caribbean; Coastal erosion; Risk and loss.
Ano: 2015

Sensemaking: a complexity perspective
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Lynam, Timothy; Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO); Reflecting Society; James Cook University; tim.lynam@internode.on.net; Fletcher, Chris; Emerging Options; chris@emergingoptions.com.au.
Our intent was to provide a methodological overview of the primary data collection process in support of the other articles in this special issue. We documented and illustrated the use of a data collection and analysis suite, SenseMaker, that was designed to collect and work with narrative fragments. The approach presented adds a new and inherently mixed tool to the mixed methods toolbox. Despite its novelty and potential utility, little has been written in the academic literature on the application of SenseMaker to complex problems. To the best of our knowledge, the approach has not been used in relation to climate change or climate change adaptation and has not been presented in the mixed methods literature. We sought to contribute to filling this gap...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Complexity; Micronarratives; Mixed methods approach; Narratives; Sensemaking; Stages of change (SOC); Transtheoretical model.
Ano: 2015

Contracts or Scripts? A Critical Review of the Application of Institutional Theories to the Study of Environmental Change
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Hotimsky, Samy; School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia; s.hotimsky@uea.ac.uk; Cobb, Richard; School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia; d.cobb@uea.ac.uk; Bond, Alan; School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia; alan.bond@uea.ac.uk.
The impact of new institutionalism on the study of human environment interactions has been meaningful. Institutional perspectives have further shaped and modified the field problems of common pool resources, environmental hazards, and risk and environmental management. Given the relative potential of institutional theories to increase the comprehension of the various dimensions of human&amp;#8211;environmental interactions, it has become increasingly important to attempt to consolidate different interpretations of what institutions are, and how they mediate and constrain possibilities for more successful environmental outcomes. This article focuses primarily on contending ontological perspectives on institutions and institutional change. It argues that...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Environmental change; Institutions; Ontology.
Ano: 2006

Climate Change and Western Public Lands: a Survey of U.S. Federal Land Managers on the Status of Adaptation Efforts
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Archie, Kelli M; Center for Science and Technology Policy Research (CSTPR); Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES); and Environmental Studies Program, University of Colorado, Boulder ; kelli.archie@colorado.edu; Dilling, Lisa; Center for Science and Technology Policy Research (CSTPR); Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES); and Environmental Studies Program, University of Colorado, Boulder ; lisa.dilling@colorado.edu; Milford, Jana B; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder; jana.milford@colorado.edu; Pampel, Fred  C; Institute of Behavioral Science, University of Colorado, Boulder; fred.pampel@colorado.edu.
Climate change and its associated consequences pose an increasing risk to public lands in the western United States. High-level mandates currently require federal agencies to begin planning  for adaptation, but the extent to which these mandates have resulted in policies being implemented that affect on the ground practices is unclear. To examine the status of adaptation efforts, we conducted an original survey and semistructured interviews with land managers from the four major federal land management agencies in the U.S. states of Colorado, Utah, and Wyoming. The survey was designed to examine current planning for adaptation on public lands and how it differs from prior planning, the major challenges facing land managers in this region, the major...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Decision making; Federal agencies; Public lands.
Ano: 2012

Natural selection for efficiency in the use of nitrogen in common bean identified by analysis of microsatellites and grain yield
Provedor de dados: 69
Autores: Leite,Monik Evelin; Lima,Igor Almeida; Pereira,Dyanna Rangel; Santos,João Bosco dos.
This study was carried out in order to verify whether natural selection acts on segregating common bean populations grown in the presence and absence of N, and to verify that natural selection affects the frequency of microsatellite alleles specifically, and in order to identify those that can assist in selection. Four populations from the crosses Ouro Negro x CI-107 and VC-5 x IAPAR-81 were carried forward in bulk to F8 at both levels of N. Ouro Negro and VC-5 are considered stress tolerant to nitrogen and IAPAR-81 and CI-107 responsive. One hundred progenies were obtained from each cross and grown in the presence and absence of N. DNA was extracted from 400 progenies, of which 194 were evaluated in the rainy season and 79 in the winter crop for grain...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Nitrogen use efficiency; Phaseolus vulgaris; SSR markers.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582012000600005

HYDROPHILIC POLYMER CHANGES THE WATER DEMAND IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF A DWARF CASHEW ORCHARD
Provedor de dados: 70
Autores: Gondim,Rubens S.; Serrano,Luiz A. L.; Maia,Aline de H. N.; Silva,Janderson P. da.
ABSTRACT Important losses of dwarf cashew seedlings during the establishment of orchards in the Brazilian semiarid are related to the relatively short rainy season. This study aimed to evaluate biochar and hydrophilic polymer as soil amendments to increase water retention and reduce plant death in the first year. An experiment was conducted at the Curu Station, Paraipaba, CE, Brazil, using the clone BRS 226. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks, with amounts of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 kg of cashew wood biochar and 20, 40, 60, 80 g of hydrophilic polymer applied per pit, as well as a control treatment (no soil amendment). Seedlings were submitted to an irrigation regime to avoid water stress (5 L water seedling−1 when the tensiometer...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Anacardium occidentale L.; Climate change; Adaptation; Soil amendment; Biochar.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-69162020000300344

Study and rehabilitation of some endemic Argentinian taxa in the genus Viola L. (Violaceae), and lectotypification of a Peruvian species
Provedor de dados: 73
Autores: WATSON,JOHN M; FLORES,ANA R.
Taxa of Viola sect. Andinium are detailed. W. Becker described new violas collected by H.F. Comber in 1925-1926. Sixty years later R.A. Rossow treated them in Flora Patagonica. His views have subsequently been followed in Argentina and influence taxonomic decisions taken there. Three of Comber's species not included or accepted by Rossow are rehabilitated. V. comberi, synonymised by him, differs critically from all related taxa in its unique set of characters. He placed V. cotyledon subsp. lologensis in synonymy under V. dasyphylla. As it combines equally defining features of that species and V. cotyledon, it is elevated to full species rank here. V. escondidaensis, a distinct taxon with no close relatives, was omitted from Flora Patagonica. It may be...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Andean; Northern Patagonia; Rarity; Taxonomic boundaries; Type specimens; Untraceable taxa.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-66432011000200017

Sequence variation in the melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) pigmentation gene and its role in the cryptic coloration of two South American sand lizards
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Corso,Josmael; Gonçalves,Gislene L.; Freitas,Thales R.O. de.
In reptiles, dorsal body darkness often varies with substrate color or temperature environment, and is generally presumed to be an adaptation for crypsis or thermoregulation. However, the genetic basis of pigmentation is poorly known in this group. In this study we analyzed the coding region of the melanocortin-1-receptor (MC1R) gene, and therefore its role underlying the dorsal color variation in two sympatric species of sand lizards (Liolaemus) that inhabit the southeastern coast of South America: L. occipitalis and L. arambarensis. The first is light-colored and occupies aeolic pale sand dunes, while the second is brownish and lives in a darker sandy habitat. We sequenced 630 base pairs of MC1R in both species. In total, 12 nucleotide polymorphisms were...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Body color; Crypsis; Liolaemidae; Pigmentation genes.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572012000100011

Effect of natural selection on common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) microsatellite alleles
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Rodrigues,Taislene Butarello; Santos,João Bosco dos.
The effect of natural selection on microsatellite simple sequence repeat (SSR) alleles was investigated in two distinct common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) generations (F8 and F24) derived from the cross between the P. vulgaris cultivars Carioca MG x ESAL 686. The F2 segregant population was propagated by the bulk method and 107 plants were sampled in two generations (F8 and F24). Each plant generated one family which was replicated by the bulk method to F8:11 and F24:27 families from which DNA was extracted. Thirty pairs of microsatellite primers were polymorphic for the parents and the bulk of the F24:27 families. Out of 30 loci selected by natural selection, 29 microsatellite alleles came from the Carioca MG parent and one allele came from the ESAL 686...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Natural selection; Microsatellite markers; Phaseolus vulgaris; Adaptation.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572006000200024

Yield and quality of strawberry cultivars
Provedor de dados: 75
Autores: Antunes,Luis Eduardo C; Ristow,Nara Cristina; Krolow,Ana Cristina R; Carpenedo,Sílvia; Reisser Júnior,Carlos.
The strawberry cultivation is an important economic activity in the Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, however the number of offered cultivars to the growers is reduced. The yield and quality of strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) cultivars Camarosa, Galexia, Earlibrite, Festival, Plarionfre and Sabrosa was evaluated under the climatic conditions of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State. We determined the number, mass, total soluble solids (TSS ºBrix), total titratable acidity (TTA), antocianin level and fresh fruits produced in an experimental unit. We also determined the production of fruits per hectare and per plant. The statistical design used in the experiment was of completely randomized blocks with 6 treatments (cultivars) and 4 replicates where the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Fragaria x ananassa Duch.; Productive performance; Adaptation.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-05362010000200015

Assessment of ecological risk to populations of aquatic invertebrates
Provedor de dados: 13
Autores: Tsytsugina, V. G.
On the base of experimental data and cytogenetic studies of marine and freshwater invertebrates natural populations it was shown that different species had approximately equal part (%) of full value posterity at the same average level of chromosome mutagenesis for populations, independing on deleterious factors and females fecundity. This phenomenon made it possible to calculate specimens reproductive contribution for species with different females fecundity and to assess expected reduction of population adaptive potential and the increase of ecological risk at different levels of population damage. It is suggested that the adaptation to pollution will be more effective in populations with high female fecundity.
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: Aquatic invertebrates; Pollution; Fecundity; Adaptation; Ecological risk assessment; Водные беспозвоночные; Загрязнение; Плодовитость; Адаптация; Оценка экологического риска.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://repository.ibss.org.ua/dspace/handle/99011/1085

Морфология жаберного аппарата двустворчатых моллюсков в связи с загрязнением донных осадков
Provedor de dados: 13
Autores: Копытов, Ю. П.; Тимофеев, В. А.; Самышев, Э. З.
Исследована морфологическая структура жаберного аппарата Mytilus galloprovincialis, Chamellea gallina, Cerastoderma glaucum  из прибрежных акваторий Крыма с разным уровнем загрязнения донных осадков. Выявлено существование компенсаторного механизма, позволяющего увеличивать интенсивность работы дыхательного аппарата в пессимальных условиях за счёт увеличения показателя приведённой удельной поверхности (S0). Ингибирование физиологического состояния моллюсков компенсируется повышением степени рассеченности жабр, что способствует выравниванию интенсивных обменных процессов.
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: Двустворчатые моллюски; Загрязнение среды; Адаптация; Bivalvia; Environmental pollution; Adaptation.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://repository.ibss.org.ua/dspace/handle/99011/1084

Distribution, feeding and ecomorphology of four species of Auchenipteridae (Teleostei: Siluriformes) in Eastern Amazonia, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 76
Autores: Freitas,Tiago M. S.; Montag,Luciano F. A.; Barthem,Ronaldo B.
ABSTRACT Fish exhibit morphological, physiological and behavioral specializations which enable them to display different ways to explore the environments and resources. Thus, the aim of this study was to verify how four Auchenipteridae species differ in the distribution, feeding habits and morphological traits: Auchenipterichthys longimanus (Günther, 1864), Auchenipterus nuchalis (Spix &amp; Agassiz, 1829), Tatia intermedia (Steindachner, 1877) and Trachelyopterus galeatus (Linnaeus, 1766). This study was conducted in rivers and bays of the Anapú Basin, Pará State (Brazil), where these species are abundant. Specimens were collected using gillnets, and after caught the stomachs were removed for the contents analyzes. Eighteen morphometric measurements from...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Fish; Morphology; Diet; Adaptation.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0073-47212017000100208

Adaptação de gramíneas forrageiras no cerrado do Amapá.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: DUTRA, S.; SOUZA FILHO, A. P. da S.; SERRÃO, E. A. S.
bitstream/item/57658/1/CPATU-PA12.pdf
Tipo: Séries anteriores (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Amapá; Brasil; Feed grasses; Adaptation; Phosphate fertilizers; Sawannas; Yileds.; Aclimatação; Brachiaria Decumbens; Andropogon Gayanus; Brachiaria Humidicola; Cerrado; Fertilizante Fosfatado; Gramínea Forrageira; Hyparrhenia Rufa; Paspalum Plicatulum; Panicum Maximum; Produtividade.; Amazonia.
Ano: 1980
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/377565

Avaliacao de alguns fatores do meio que influenciam a adaptacao, o comportamento fisiologico e o desempenho de bovinos da raca Sindhi, nas condicoes ambientais do semi-arido brasileiro: relatorio parcial das atividades referentes ao periodo de 01/09/97 a 01/07/98.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: TURCO, S. H. N.
Este experimento esta sendo conduzido, no campo experimental da caatinga, Embrapa Semi-Arido, localizado no municipio de Petrolina-PE, regiao semi-arida do Nordeste brasileiro. Estao sendo utilizados 22 animais, da raca Sindhi, sendo dez femeas e doze machos, com idade variando de 1 a 4 anos. O manejo para todas as categorias animais e o mesmo utilizado pelo sistema de producao Embrapa Semi-Arido, onde sao manejadas, todo o periodo do experimento, em pastagem nativa (caatinga), durante dois a quatro meses e em pastagem cultivada (capim buffel), durante o restante do ano. As informacoes basicas para este trabalho foram: a) variaveis fisiologicas: temperatura retal (TR); temperatura da pele (TP); frequencia respiratoria (FR); b) variaveis anatomicas:...
Tipo: Fôlder / Folheto / Cartilha (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Rca Sindhi; Comportamento fisiologico; Adaptacao; Desempenho; Semi-Arido; Bovine; Behaviour; Adaptation; Bovino; Performance; Breeds; Cattle; Physiology.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/133625

Avaliação preliminar do comportamento agroclimático de cultivares de pimenta-do-reino em Belém, Pará.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: DINIZ, T. D. de A. S.; DUARTE, M. de L. R.; BASTOS, T. X.; KOBAYASHI, L. T.; SILVA, M. M. M. da.
bitstream/item/60165/1/CPATU-PA102.pdf
Tipo: Séries anteriores (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Pimenta-do-reino; Belém; Pará; Brasil; Adaptation; Plant introduction.; Fenologia; Introdução de Planta; Piper Nigrum.; Amazonia; Phenology.
Ano: 1983
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/377676

Adaptabilidade e estabilidade de genotipos de Paspalum spp. para producao de forragem no cerrado.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: RAMOS, A. K. B.; PIZARRO, E. A.; CARVALHO, M. A.; VALLS, J. F. M.; RODRIGUES, L. R. de A.
bitstream/CPAC-2009/24128/1/p2002_04.pdf
Tipo: Fôlder / Folheto / Cartilha (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Adaptacao; Feed grasses; Adaptation; Production; Genetic gain; Genotypes.; Cerrado; Gramínea Forrageira; Genótipo; Germoplasma; Produção; Seleção Genética.; Paspalum; Germplasm.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/567433

Canarana erecta lisa Echinochloa pyramidalis (Lam.) Hitchc. et Chase.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: SERRÃO, E. A. S.; BATISTA, H. A. M.; BOULHOSA, J. A. Z.
bitstream/item/69745/1/IPEAN-Forrageiras1.pdf
Tipo: Séries anteriores (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Adaptacao; Forage crop; Adaptation; Production.; Botânica; Canarana Erecta Lisa; Echinochloa Pyramidalis; Forragem; Plantio; Planta Forrageira; Produção; Valor Nutritivo; Solo.; Botany; Planting; Nutritive value; Soil.
Ano: 1970
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/376335

Teste de espécies/procedências de pinus no planalto do Tapajós, Pará.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: VIANA, L. M.; YARED, J. A. G.; KANASHIRO, M.
bitstream/item/42018/1/Boletim-Pesquisa-105-CPATU.pdf
Tipo: Séries anteriores (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Adaptação; Produção volumetrica; Belterra; Pará; Brasil; Adaptation; Growth; Volumetric production.; Crescimento; Pinheiro.; Amazonia; Pinus.
Ano: 1990
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/381023

Adaptabilidade de gramíneas forrageiras na região semi-árida do submédio São Francisco.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: SILVA, C. M. M. S.; SILVA, A. S.; MAIA, A. de H. N.
A adaptabilidade de forrageiras, em relacao aos parametros agua, solo e planta, foi avaliada na Embrapa Tropico Semi-Arido, por meio de quatro gramineas forrageiras, estabelecidas em parcelas de 4 x 8m. Determinou-se a variabilidade espaco-temporal da temperatura e o teor de agua disponivel no solo, em diferentes profundidades. A avaliacao da estabilidade da producao de gramineas foi determinada atraves dos indices de umidade e de sustentabilidade. As maximas temperaturas do solo (36oC), a profundidade de 0-15 cm, coincidiram com o menor indice de umidade no mesmo, nao afetando a produtividade das especies mais adaptadas as condicoes adversas de temperatura e umidade. Atraves do indice de umidade, C. gayana cv. Masaba apresentou grande variabilidade de...
Tipo: Folhetos
Palavras-chave: Adaptação; Adaptation; Humidity index; Humity of soil; Índice de sustentabildiade; Indice de umidade; Pernambuco; Plant soil relation; Regiao semiárida; Sub Medio Sao Francisco; Sustentabilidade; Biloela; Cenchrus ciliares; Gramínea forrageira; Aclimatação; Capim; Capim de Rhodes; Capim Urochloa; Temperatura do solo; Umidade do solo; Urochloa mosambicensis; Relação solo-planta; Sistema radicular; Forage grasses; Plant adaptation; Semiarid zones.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/963786

Caracterização agronômica de acessos em três espécies de amaranto no bioma cerrado.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: SPEHAR, C. R.; TEIXEIRA, D. L.
RESUMO: O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar e avaliar 48 acessos de três espécies de amaranto (Amaranthus caudatus L., A . cruentus L. e A . hypochondriacus L.) para cultivo na entressafra em áreas de Cerrado do Brasil Central. Realizou-se seleção preliminar para sete descritores, em casa de vegetação. Os genótipos promissores foram selecionados para teste no campo, em delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso com três repetições. O material utilizado foi o que apresentou características agronômicas desejáveis, tais como sementes claras, ausência de espinhos, crescimento e inflorescência eretos. Os ensaios foram realizados em Planaltina, DF, na entressafra, com irrigação, por dois anos. Em geral, os acessos florescem 45 dias após a emergência, e...
Tipo: Boletim de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Amaranto; Adaptação; Zero tillage; Phenotypes; Adaptation; Agronomic characters.; Amaranthus Cruentus; Características Agronômicas; Cerrado; Fenótipo; Plantio Direto.; Amaranthus caudatus; Amaranthus hypochondriacus.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/569095

O capim-xaraés (Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraés) na diversificação de pastagens de braquiária.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: VALLE, C. B. do; EUCLIDES, V. P. B.; PEREIRA, J. M.; VALÉRIO, J. R.; PAGLIARINI, M. S.; MACEDO, M. C. M.; LEITE, G. G.; LOURENÇO, A. J.; FERNANDES, C. D.; DIAS FILHO, M. B.; LEMPP, B.; POTT, A.; SOUZA, M. A. de.
A cultivar Xaraés (Brachiaria brizantha), coletada em Burundi. África, foi liberada pela Embrapa em 2003 após 15 anos de avaliações. É uma planta cespitosa, de 1,5 m de altura, folha lanceolada e longa, com poucos pêlos e de coloração verde-escura. Os colmos são finos e radicantes nos nós, e as inflorescência são grandes, como espiguetas em uma só fileira. A cultivar Xaraés é apomítica e penteploíde, com 45 cromossomos. Irregularidades na divisão meiótica reduzem a validade do pólen para, aproximadamente, 79%. Seus principais atributos possitivos são a alta produtividade, especialmente de folhas, a rápida rebrota e o florescimento tardio, prolongado o período de pastejo até o período seco. Além disso, apresenta bom valor nutritivo e alta capacidade de...
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Xaraés; Característica agronômica; Mata Atlântica; Brasil; Agronomic characters; Adaptation; Mixed pastures; Brazilian savannas.; Aclimatação; Brachiaria Brizantha; Citogenética; Cerrado; Diversificação de Cultura; Pastagem Cultivada; Plantio; Valor Nutritivo.; Brazil; Cytogenetics; Nutritive value; Planting; Sown pastures.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/326133

Avaliacao de alguns fatores do meio que influenciam a adaptacao, o comportamento fisiologico e o desempenho de bovinos da raca Sindi, nas condicoes ambientais do semi-arido brasileiro.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: TURCO, S. H. N.
Os trabalhos com capim buffel efetuados pela Embrapa Semi-Arido e outras instituicoes, comprovam a possibilidade de incrementos de peso vivo em bovinos da ordem de 100 a 150 kg por cabeca/ano, sendo atualmente considerada um dos mais importantes recursos forrageiros para a regiao semi-arida. Todavia, mesmo com esses ganhos, no periodo seco, pode haver perdas, devido a queda dos teores de proteina e energia do capim. Entretanto, sabendo-se que a qualidade da dieta selecionadas pelos ruminantes em pastejo, pode flutuar com o "status" fenologico das plantas forrageiras, a suplementacao energetica e/ou proteica de baixo custo, via mistura multiplas, pode se tornar uma pratica e uma excelente alternativa na busca do aumento da eficiencia produtiva dos animais,...
Tipo: Fôlder / Folheto / Cartilha (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Raca Sindi; Comportamento fisiologico; Desempenho; Adaptacao; Regiao semi-arida; Behaviour; Adaptation; Semiarid region; Bovino; Ecologia Animal; Performance; Animal ecology; Cattle.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/133623

Origine et evolution de l'agriculture familiale dans le Nordeste semi-aride.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: SABOURIN, E.; CARON, P.
Apres une breve description du cadre agraire régional, ce chapitre résume l'histoire de l'agriculture du Nordeste semi-aride depuis ses origines. Il montre comment et pourquoi l'agriculture familiale, longtemps ignorée, a évolué jusqu'à devenir la principale forme de production agricole dans Ia région, et comment elle fait l'objet, depuis quelques années, d'un regain d'intérêt dans l'ensernble du Brésil.
Tipo: Capítulo em livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Adaptacao; Modernizacao agricola; Nordeste; Regiao semi-arida; Familiar farms; Agricultural development; Colonization; Adaptation; Resistance; Northeast; Semiarid region; Agricultura Familiar; Colonização; Desenvolvimento Agrícola; Resistência; Brazil; Modernization.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/134405

Capim Pojuca.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: EMBRAPA (Brasilia, DF).
Caracteristicas morfologicas; Caracteristicas agronomicas; Adaptacao; Calagem e adubacao; Semeadura; Produtividade; utilizacao e manejo de pastagens do capim Pojuca.
Tipo: Folders
Palavras-chave: Paspalum atratum; Pojuca; Adaptacao; Agronomic characters; Adaptation; Fertilization; Management; Productivity; Brazilian savannas; Adubação; Calagem; Características Agronômicas; Cerrado; Manejo; Pastagem; Produtividade; Semeadura; Liming; Pastures; Sowing.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/868831

Avaliacao de cultivares de cebola em Petrolina-PE.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: COSTA, N. D.; RESENDE, G. M. de; DIAS, R. de C. S.
Objetivando-se indicar cultivares de cebola mais produtivas e de melhor qualidade de bulbos para a regiao semi-arida, conduziu-se um ensaio no Projeto Bebedouro, Petrolina-PE, de abril a agosto de 1997. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos ao acaso com quatro repeticoes e as seguintes cultivares: Granex-429, Texas-Grano-PRR, Brownsville, Houston, Texas Grano-502, Texas Grano-438, Conquista, Composto IPA-6, Belem IPA-9, Franciscana IPA-10, Valeouro IPA-11, Alfa Tropical (CNPH-6179), CNPH-5898, CNPH-6074, CNPH-6040, CNPH-6067, Bola P. EMPASC, XP-1, XP-2 e Crioula Mercosul. A produtividade de bulbos comerciais variou de 21,41 a 61,78 t/ha, destacando-se as cultivares Texas Grano-PRR (61,78t/ha), Granex-429 (58,28 t/ha), Texas Grano-438 (56,97 t/ha),...
Tipo: Outras publicações técnicas (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Cultivo; Classificacao; Cultivation; Adaptation; Aclimatação; Allium Cepa; Bulbo; Cebola; Produtividade; Variedade; Bulbs; Classification; Onions; Yields.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/133945

Adaptation des enzymes digestives à l'alimentation chez la crevette Penaeus vannamei (Crustacea Decapoda)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Moullac, Gilles.
L'adaptation des enzymes digestives chez la crevette P. vannamei a été étudiée en fonction des cycles biologiques en relation avec les constituants de l'alimentation principalement les glucides (amidon) et les protéines.  La trypsins, la chymotrypsine et 1'amylase, 3 enzymes majeures, chez P. vannamei ont été purifiées et caractérisées. La trypsine est formée de 3 isoenzymes dont le poids moléculaire apparent est compris entre 31 et 3 2 kDa. La nature glycosylée de la trypsine est révélée. La chymotrypsine est formée de 2 isoenzymes de poids moléculaire similaire (24 kDa). L'amylase purifiée est constituée de 2 isoenzymes dont le poids moléculaire apparent est de 31 kDa. Les propriétés biochimiques sont étudiées.  L'étude immunologique a permis de mesurer...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Penaeus vannamei; Hécatopancréas; Biochimie; Immunologie; Enzymes digestives; Trypsine; Chymotrypsine; Amylase; Larves; Adultes; Intermue; Protéines alimentaires; Amidon; Nutrition; Adaptation.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00029/14012/11198.pdf

Seascape genomics reveals population isolation in the reef-building honeycomb worm, Sabellaria alveolata (L.)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Muir, Anna P.; Dubois, Stanislas; Ross, Rebecca E.; Firth, Louise B.; Knights, Antony M.; Lima, Fernando P.; Seabra, Rui; Corre, Erwan; Le Corguillé, Gildas; Nunes, Flavia.
ackground Under the threat of climate change populations can disperse, acclimatise or evolve in order to avoid fitness loss. In light of this, it is important to understand neutral gene flow patterns as a measure of dispersal potential, but also adaptive genetic variation as a measure of evolutionary potential. In order to assess genetic variation and how this relates to environment in the honeycomb worm (Sabellaria alveolata (L.)), a reef-building polychaete that supports high biodiversity, we carried out RAD sequencing using individuals from along its complete latitudinal range. Patterns of neutral population genetic structure were compared to larval dispersal as predicted by ocean circulation modelling, and outlier analyses and genotype-environment...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: RADseq; Ocean circulation modelling; Adaptation; Marine invertebrate; Larval dispersal.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00643/75538/76445.pdf

Tagging juvenile seabass and sole with telemetry transmitters: medium-term effects on growth
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Begout, Marie-laure; Coves, Denis; Dutto, Gilbert; Laffargue, Pascal; Lagardere, Francoise.
The effects of tagging with acoustic transmitters on the growth of juvenile seabass, Dicentrarchus labrax (L.) (initial mean mass +/- SD, 173 g +/- 23.4) in a 47 d tank experiment, and sole. Solea solea (L.) ( 103.2 g +/- 14.8) in a 72 d tank experiment and (104.0 g +/- 18.4) in a 58 d salt marsh mesocosm experiment were examined. Twenty externally tagged seabass grew more slowly than the 20 with surgically implanted tags, which reached the same mass as nine control fish. Movements of the external transmitter's harness caused abrasions of the skin and loss of the tag in 60% of the cases. We thus recommend implanting transmitters for telemetry studies of juvenile seabass weighing between 120 and 214 g and carrying a tag that represents 2.2-2.5% of body...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Aquaculture; Telemetry; Marking techniques; Juvenile fish; Adaptation.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/publication-386.pdf

Epigenetic inheritance and intergenerational effects in mollusks
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Fallet, Manon; Luquet, Emilien; David, Patrice; Cosseau, Céline.
Recent insights in evolutionary biology have shed light on epigenetic variation that interacts with genetic variation to convey heritable information. An important characteristic of epigenetic changes is that they can be produced in response to environmental cues and passed on to later generations, potentially facilitating later genetic adaptation. While our understanding of epigenetic mechanisms in vertebrates is rapidly growing, our knowledge about invertebrates remains lower, or is restricted to model organisms. Mollusks in particular, are a large group of invertebrates, with several species important for ecosystem function, human economy and health. In this review, we attempt to summarize the literature on epigenetic and intergenerational studies in...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mollusk; Epigenetic; Intergenerational effect; Phenotypic plasticity; Adaptation.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00590/70163/68170.pdf

Biodiversité et relations trophiques dans quelques milieux estuariens et lagunaires de l’Afrique de l’Ouest : Adaptations aux pressions environnementales
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Villanueva, Ching-maria.
This work is the result of a research on West African estuaries and lagoon ecosystems: estuaries of Sine-Saloum (Senegal) and the Gambia, (The Gambia), as well as the lagoons Ébrié (Ivory Coast) and Lake Nokoué (Benin). Estuaries and lagoons are highly productive and economically important ecosystems and are among those threatened as their biodiversity and productivity are constant exposed to various disturbances. These disturbances can weaken the stability and durability of these ecosystems. This led to the problematic raised in the thesis: To approach the African western ecosystems and the environmental pressures that they undergo that eventually affect the biodiversity and the trophic relations of their aquatic living resources.    This work seeks to...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Milieux estuariennes et lagunaires; Relations trophiques; Adaptation; Ecopath; Reseaux neurones artificiels; Stress environnementaux; Maturité des écosystèmes.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00180/29122/29305.pdf

Tolerance of disease‐vector mosquitoes to brackish water and their osmoregulatory ability
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Kengne, Pierre; Charmantier, Guy; Blondeau‐bidet, Eva; Costantini, Carlo; Ayala, Diego.
Salinity tolerance is an important trait that governs the ecology of disease‐vector mosquitoes by determining their choice of larval habitat, and consequently their ecological and geographical distribution. Here, we used laboratory strains to determine the osmotic responses of larvae of obligate freshwater disease‐vector mosquitoes (Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, Anopheles coluzzii, An. gambiae, Culex pipiens, and Cx. quinquefasciatus) and assessed their relationship with salinity tolerance. First, we analyzed the acute dose–mortality response of fourth‐instar larvae to salinity; then, we measured their hemolymph osmolality after 24‐h exposure to varying salinities. We found that Ae. albopictus was the most tolerant species, followed by An. coluzzii,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Aedes; Anopheles; Culex; Hemolymph osmolality; Lethal concentration; Mosquitoes; Osmoregulation; Salinity tolerance.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00585/69744/67634.pdf

Contrasting effects of historical contingency on phenotypic and genomic trajectories during a two-step evolution experiment with bacteria
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Plucain, Jessica; Suau, Antonia; Cruveiller, Stephane; Medigue, Claudine; Schneider, Dominique; Le Gac, Mickael.
Background  The impact of historical contingency, i.e. the past evolutionary history of a population, on further adaptation is mostly unknown at both the phenotypic and genomic levels. We addressed this question using a two-step evolution experiment. First, replicate populations of Escherichia coli were propagated in four different environmental conditions for 1000 generations. Then, all replicate populations were transferred and propagated for further 1000 generations to a single new environment. Results  Using this two-step experimental evolution strategy, we investigated, at both the phenotypic and genomic levels, whether and how adaptation in the initial historical environments impacted evolutionary trajectories in a new environment. We showed that...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Experimental evolution; Escherichia coli; Adaptation; Historical contingency; Epistasis.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00333/44447/44118.pdf

Animal board invited review: OneARK: Strengthening the links between animal production science and animal ecology
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Destoumieux-garzón, Delphine; Bonnet, P.; Teplitsky, C.; Criscuolo, F.; Henry, P.-y.; Mazurais, David; Prunet, P.; Salvat, Gilles; Usseglio-polatera, P.; Verrier, E.; Friggens, N.c.
Wild and farmed animals are key elements of natural and managed ecosystems that deliver functions such as pollination, pest control and nutrient cycling within the broader roles they play in contributing to biodiversity and to every category of ecosystem services. They are subjected to global changes with a profound impact on the natural range and viability of animal species, the emergence and spatial distribution of pathogens, land use, ecosystem services and farming sustainability. We urgently need to improve our understanding of how animal populations can respond adaptively and therefore sustainably to these new selective pressures. In this context, we explored the common points between animal production science and animal ecology to identify promising...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Agroecosystem; Livestock sustainability; Resilience; Zoonotic disease.
Ano: 2021
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00663/77509/79273.pdf

Diversité phénotypique dans la population d’anchois commun (Engraulis encrasicolus) du golfe de Gascogne
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Leseur, Floriane.
With the constant rising of the human population, it is essential to assess and manage the exploitation of the marine species for human consumption such as the anchovy of Bay of Biscay. Thanks to the PELGAS annual surveys, stocks of each species are estimated (biomass, repartition) and studies are undertaken to improve our knowledge about these species. Allozymic studies realized on the anchovy allowed to find a correlation between 2 alleles of the locus IDH and the habitat (depth). This allozyme has a key role in Krebs’ cycle,being speed limiting.. It enables to tolerate variations of temperature and dissolved oxygen. It would be interesting to do new research on variations in the anchovy’s environment and its migrations.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Anchois; Golfe de Gascogne; Allozyme; Locus; Allèle; Adaptation; Anchovy; Bay of Biscay; Allozyme; Locus; Allele; Adaptation.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00342/45336/44798.pdf

Additive transcriptomic variation associated with reproductive traits suggest local adaptation in a recently settled population of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Sussarellu, Rossana; Huvet, Arnaud; Lapegue, Sylvie; Quillen, Virgile; Lelong, Christophe; Cornette, Florence; Jensen, Lasse Fast; Bierne, Nicolas; Boudry, Pierre.
Background Originating from Northeast Asia, the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas has been introduced into a large number of countries for aquaculture purpose. Following introduction, the Pacific oyster has turned into an invasive species in an increasing number of coastal areas, notably recently in Northern Europe.  Methods To explore potential adaptation of reproductive traits in populations with different histories, we set up a common garden experiment based on the comparison of progenies from two populations of Pacific oyster sampled in France and Denmark and their hybrids. Sex ratio, condition index and microarray gene expression in gonads, were analyzed in each progeny (n = 60).  Results A female-biased sex-ratio and a higher condition index were...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Adaptation; Invasiveness; Fertility; Sex-ratio; Transcriptome; Microarray.
Ano: 2015
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00287/39829/38343.pdf

Evaluation des conséquences d'une situation hypoxique simulée sur la Capacité Osmorégulatrice des crevettes d'élevage, Penaeus stylirostris et Penaeus vannamei
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soyez, Claude.
Les résultats exposés dans ce rapport apportent des informations sur la Capacité Osmorégulatrice des crevettes d'élevage, Penaeus stylirostris et P. vannamei, face à un abaissement de l'oxygénation ambiante. Ces résultats s'appliquent à des juvéniles placés dans des conditions optimum en laboratoire mais à niveau métabolique bas : animaux à jeun, en stade d' intermue C, adaptés après dissipation du stress induit par la pêche et le transfert dans un nouvel environnement. Les mesures ont confirmé que les crevettes présentent une zone d'indépendance osmorégulatrice au-dessus de 3 mg O2.11 et· une zone de dépendance osmorégulatrice qui commence au-dessous de cette valeur. Ces résultats vont également dans le sens de ceux obtenus sur les tests de croissance et...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Aquaculture tropicale; Pénéides; Respiration; Hypoxie; Stress; Osmorégulatio; Adaptation.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00425/53682/54526.pdf

Evolutionary history and genetic parallelism affect correlated responses to evolution
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Gac, Mickael; Cooper, Tim F.; Cruveiller, Stephane; Edigue, Claudine M.; Schneider, Dominique.
We investigated the relationship between genomic and phenotypic evolution among replicate populations of Escherichia coli evolved for 1000 generations in four different environments. By resequencing evolved genomes, we identified parallel changes in genes encoding transcription regulators within and between environments. Depending on both the environment and the altered gene, genetic parallelism at the gene level involved mutations that affected identical codons, protein domains or were widely distributed across the gene. Evolved clones were characterized by parallel phenotypic changes in their respective evolution environments but also in the three alternative environments. Phenotypic parallelism was high for clones that evolved in the same environment,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Epistasis; Experimental evolution; Genome sequencing; Parallelism.
Ano: 2013
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00148/25928/24096.pdf

Management strategies for coral reefs and people under global environmental change: 25 years of scientific research
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Comte, Adrien; Pendleton, Linwood H.; ,.
Coral reef ecosystems and the people who depend on them are increasingly exposed to the adverse effects of global environmental change (GEC), including increases in sea-surface temperature and ocean acidification. Managers and decision-makers need a better understanding of the options available for action in the face of these changes. We refine a typology of actions developed by Gattuso et al. (2015) that could serve in prioritizing strategies to deal with the impacts of GEC on reefs and people. Using the typology we refined, we investigate the scientific effort devoted to four types of management strategies: mitigate, protect, repair, adapt that we tie to the components of the chain of impact they affect: ecological vulnerability or social vulnerability....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Coral reefs; Climate change; Ocean acidification; Management; Adaptation.
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00418/52917/53872.pdf

Microbial Diversity and Biosignatures: An Icy Moons Perspective
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Jebbar, Mohamed; Hickman-lewis, Keyron; Cavalazzi, Barbara; Taubner, Ruth-sophie; Rittmann, Simon K.-m. R.; Antunes, Andre.
The icy moons of the outer Solar System harbor potentially habitable environments for life, however, compared to the terrestrial biosphere, these environments are characterized by extremes in temperature, pressure, pH, and other physico-chemical conditions. Therefore, the search for life on these icy worlds is anchored on the study of terrestrial extreme environments (termed “analogue sites”), which harbor microorganisms at the frontiers of polyextremophily. These so-called extremophiles have been found in areas previously considered sterile: hot springs, hydrothermal vents, acidic or alkaline lakes, hypersaline environments, deep sea sediments, glaciers, and arid areas, amongst others. Such model systems and communities in extreme terrestrial environments...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Extremophiles; Prokaryotes; Metabolism; Diversity; Adaptation; Space explorat.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00606/71771/70275.pdf

Caractérisation de l’adaptation comportementale des téléostéens en élevage : plasticité et effets de la domestication
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Benhaim, David.
The farming of aquatic animals has started recently in comparison with that of terrestrial species which domestication started 10 500 years ago. Aquaculture is however the fastest growing animal food-production sector. This sector has now to face several challenges threatening its sustainability. Indeed, aquaculture future largely depends upon the reduction of the reliance on feeds based ingredients derived from wild fishery resources, upon a better knowledge of fish domestication process and of the adaptation mechanisms and related welfare potential. The present work aims at a better understanding of the adaptation to farming conditions through a behavioural approach based on the comparison between wild vs. domesticated populations of three species: a...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Plasticité; Domestication; Bien-être; Comportement alimentaire; Activité de nage; Personnalité; Aliment végétal; Labyrinthe; Statut physiologique; Croissance; Aquaculture; Repeuplement; Adaptation; Plasticity; Learning; Domestication; Welfare; Feeding behaviour; Swimming activity; Personality; Plant-based diet; Maze; Physiological status; Growth; Aquaculture; Restocking.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00078/18926/16515.pdf

Adaptative response of Listeria monocylogenes to osmotic and chill stress: consequences on food safety.
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Elmnasser, Noura; Ritz Bricaud, Magali; Guillou, Sandrine; Leroi, Francoise; Orange, Nicole; Bakhrouf, Amira; Federighi, Michel.
Listeria monocytogenes is it psychrotrophic food-borne pathogen. This organism is problematic for food production industry due to its ubiquitous distribution ill nature and its tolerance to condition of osmotic and chill stress. One common strategy employed by many bacteria and by L. monocytogenes for adaptation to osmotic stress is by the intracellular accumulation of compatible solutes. Two different types of adaptative reponses to low temperature have undertaken by L. monocytogenes. One of the responses is accomplished by adjusting membrane fluidity through alteration of the membrane fatty acid composition. A second response consists ill the accumulation of osmolytes. In this brief review we will focus on these general systems Which are Of particular...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Food safety; Chill stres; Osmotic stress; Adaptation; Listeria monocytogenes; Sécurité des aliments; Stress froid; Stress salin; Adaptation; Listeria monocytogenes.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-2549.pdf

The future is now: marine aquaculture in the anthropocene
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pernet, Fabrice; Browman, Howard I.
Aquaculture now produces more seafood than wild capture fisheries and this production is expected to at least double by 2050. Representing almost half of global production, marine aquaculture will contribute to sustainably feeding the growing humanity. However, climate change will undoubtedly challenge the future growth of marine aquaculture. Temperature and sea-level rise, shifts in precipitation, freshening from glacier melt, changing ocean productivity, and circulation patterns, increasing occurrence of extreme climatic events, eutrophication, and ocean acidification are all stressors that will influence marine aquaculture. The objective of this themed article set was to bring together contributions on the broad theme of the potential impacts,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Bivalve; Blue economy; Carbon; Climate change; Marine diseases; Mitigation; Ocean acidification; Plasticity; Salmon; Seaweed; Sustainability.
Ano: 2021
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00682/79406/81951.pdf

Environmental factors controlling biomass development of seagrass meadows of Zostera noltei after a drastic decline (Arcachon Bay, France)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Cognat, Mathis; Ganthy, Florian; Auby, Isabelle; Barraquand, Frederic; Rigouin, Loic; Sottolichio, Aldo.
The relative impact of light, depth, hydrology, hydrodynamics, sediment and nutrients on growth of the seagrass Zostera noltei was investigated in Arcachon Bay, where the extent of seagrass beds has been decreasing for 20 years. A comprehensive multi-parameter survey of 9 sites was conducted monthly over one year. A three-parameter logistic growth model was fitted to biomass data to unravel the relative contributions of environmental factors on seagrass growth. The present study highlights the fact that, in addition to the dominant positive effect of light on plant growth, the hydrological and hydrodynamic parameters were important drivers for Z. noltei growth at the scale of the whole Bay. At the scale of individual sites, other factors such as macroalgal...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Physical parameters; Light; Hydrodynamics; Adaptation; Statistical growth model.
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00451/56229/57789.pdf

Maximum Economic Yield Fishery Management in the Face of Global Warming
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Diop, Bassirou; Sanz, Nicolas; Junior Duplan, Yves Jamont; Guene, El Hadji Mama; Blanchard, Fabian; Pereau, Jean-christophe; Doyen, Luc.
This paper deals with fishery management in the face of the ecological and economic effects of global warming. To achieve this, a dynamic bioeconomic model and model-based scenarios are considered, in which the stock's growth function depends on the sea surface temperature. The model is empirically calibrated for the French Guiana shrimp fishery using time series collected over the period 1993–2009. Three fishing effort strategies are then compared under two contrasted IPCC climate scenarios (RCP 8.5 and RCP 2.6). A first harvesting strategy maintains the Status Quo in terms of fishing effort. A more ecologically-oriented strategy based on the closure of the fishery is also considered. A third strategy, which relates to Maximum Economic Yield (MEY), is...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Renewable resources; Fishery bioeconomic model; Climate change; Climate scenarios; Adaptation; Shrimp.
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00453/56418/58115.pdf

Highly contrasted responses of Mediterranean octocorals to climate change along a depth gradient
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pivotto, I. D.; Nerini, D.; Masmoudi, M.; Kara, H.; Chaoui, L.; Aurelle, D.
Climate change has a strong impact on marine ecosystems, including temperate species. Analysing the diversity of thermotolerance levels within species along with their genetic structure enables a better understanding of their potential response to climate change. We performed this integrative study on the Mediterranean octocoral Eunicella cavolini, with samples from different depths and by means of a common garden experiment. This species does not host photosynthetic Symbiodinium, enabling us to focus on the cnidarian response. We compared the thermotolerance of individuals from 20 m and 40 m depths from the same site and with replicates from the same colony. On the basis of an innovative statistical analysis of necrosis kinetics and risk, we demonstrated...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Adaptation; Acclimatization; Eunicella cavolini; Mediterranean sea; Population genetics.
Ano: 2015
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00371/48264/48637.pdf

Une méthode de suivi de la vulnérabilité systémique à l’érosion et la submersion marines
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Meur-ferec, Catherine; Le Berre, Iwan; Cocquempot, Lucie; Guillou, Elisabeth; Henaff, Alain; Lami, Thibaut; Le Dantec, Nicolas; Letortu, Pauline; Philippe, Manuelle; Nous, Camille.
Coastal development, combined with the intrinsic mobility of coasts and the context of climate change, tends to increase the vulnerability of coastal territories. This article proposes, on one hand, a renewed interdisciplinary approach to the concept of vulnerability allowing to overcome the nature/society dichotomy. On the other hand, the paper presents an inter-sectoral researchers-managers approach to build a series of indicators to monitor the four components of systemic vulnerability (hazards, stakes, management and representations). These indicators lay the ground for an integrated observatory, source of data for research as well as to inform decisions regarding the adaptation of coastal territories.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Coastal risks; Erosion; Sea-flooding; Vulnerability; Interdisciplinary; Intersectorality; Indicators; Adaptation; Observatory.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00629/74122/73559.pdf

Multigenerational exposure of the microalga Tetraselmis suecica to diuron leads to spontaneous long-term strain adaptation.
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Stachowski-haberkorn, Sabine; Jerome, Marc; Rouxel, Julien; Khelifi, Celia; Rince, Maeva; Burgeot, Thierry.
To investigate the ability of microalgae to develop stable, long-term resistance to herbicides, the marine microalga Tetraselmis suecica was exposed to the herbicide diuron (5 µg/L) for a 43-generation exposure period followed by a 12-generation depuration phase. During the first 25 generations, diuron-exposed cultures showed doubling times ranging from 1.95 to 2.6 days, which was 2 to 2.5-fold longer than control cultures. Between generations 25 and 38, during diuron exposure, two out of the three exposed cultures exhibited a spontaneous drop in doubling time. These results provided evidence of culture adaptation to diuron. To assess persistence of the diuron adaptation observed on growth performance, one of the adapted cultures (D3) was maintained for 12...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Microalgae; Diuron; Multigenerational; Adaptation; Flow cytometry.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00146/25718/23796.pdf

Domestication, sélection et comportement du bar: variabilité des aptitudes comportementales et de la tolérance au stress de groupes génétiquement distincts de bar, Dicentrarchus labrax
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Millot, Sandie.
The culture of aquatic species has grown much more rapidly in recent years than that of terrestrial species. Consequently, aquatic livestock welfare is a growing concern for society. However, unlike the many studies of terrestrial animal welfare, few scientific data exist concerning fish welfare. It is generally recognized that the aquaculture environment exposes fish to many repeated stress factors which affect their health, growth, reproductive performance and feeding behaviour. Even if stress responses do not highlight all welfare disturbances, it is generally admitted that they reveal a poor welfare. Among the solutions investigated to reduce fish stress, domestication and selection appear to be the favoured approaches. However, selection has generally...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Personality; Physiological status; Growth; Swimming behaviour; Feeding behaviour; Stress tolerance; Adaptation; Welfare; Chronic stress; Acute stress; Selection; Domestication; Dicentrarchus labrax; Personnalité; Statut physiologique; Croissance; Comportement natatoire; Comportement alimentaire; Tolérance au stress; Adaptation; Bien être; Stress chronique; Stress aigu; Sélection; Domestication; Dicentrarchus labrax.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/these-6272.pdf

Relationships between sediments and tissue contamination and allozymic patterns in Hediste diversicolor (Polychaeta Nereididae) in the Pialassa lagoons (north Adriatic Sea)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Virgilio, M; Baroncini, N; Trombini, C; Abbiati, M.
An increasing number of investigations revealed that responses of populations to environmental stressors may be genetically dependent. Occurrence of genetic adaptation to high concentrations of heavy metals in Hediste diversicolor local ecotypes has also been hypothesised. Analyses of allozymic patterns are a promising tool for the genetic monitoring of environmental stressors. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the allozymic patterns of H. diversicolor could be affected by levels of contamination. Five sites were investigated: four in a polluted brackish habitat, the Pialassa lagoons, and a reference site in the Lamone estuary. Total mercury was used as a tracer of the overall level of contamination. Concentrations of mercury were quantified...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Hediste diversicolor; Contamination; Structure génétique; Adaptation; Systèmes enzymatiques; Hediste diversicolor; Contamination; Genetic structure; Adaptation; Allozyme.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00322/43288/43023.pdf

High evolutionary potential of marine zooplankton
Provedor de dados: 16
Autores: Peijnenburg, K.T.C.A.; Goetze, E.
Open ocean zooplankton often have been viewed as slowly evolving species that have limited capacity to respond adaptively to changing ocean conditions. Hence, attention has focused on the ecological responses of zooplankton to current global change, including range shifts and changing phenology. Here, we argue that zooplankton also are well poised for evolutionary responses to global change. We present theoretical arguments that suggest plankton species may respond rapidly to selection on mildly beneficial mutations due to exceptionally large population size, and consider the circumstantial evidence that supports our inference that selection may be particularly important for these species. We also review all primary population genetic studies of open ocean...
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Marine; Oceanic; Selection; Zooplankton; 42.72; 42.94.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/470572

Optics and phylogeny: is there an insight? The evolution of superposition eyes in the Decapoda (Crustacea)
Provedor de dados: 16
Autores: Gaten, Edward.
This paper addresses the use of eye structure and optics in the construction of crustacean phylogenies and presents an hypothesis for the evolution of superposition eyes in the Decapoda, based on the distribution of eye types in extant decapod families. It is suggested that reflecting superposition optics are symplesiomorphic for the Decapoda, having evolved only once, probably in the Devonian. Subsequent loss of reflecting superposition optics has occurred following the adoption of a new habitat (e.g. Aristeidae, Aeglidae) or by progenetic paedomorphosis (Paguroidea, Eubrachyura).
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: Compound eyes; Superposition optics; Adaptation; Evolution; Decapod crustaceans; Phylogeny.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/534404

I made use of the known dates of reclamation (and of afforestations) in the IJsselmeerpolders in The Netherlands to assess evolutionary adaptation in Cepaea nemoralis. At 12 localities (three in each polder), I sampled a total of 4390 adult individuals in paired open and shaded habitats, on average 233m apart, and scored these for genetic shell colour polymorphisms. The results show (highly) significant differentiation at most localities, although the genes involved differed per locality. Overall, though, populations in shaded habitats had evolved towards darker shells than those in adjacent open habitats, whereas a 'Cain &amp; Sheppard' diagram (proportion yellow shells plotted against ‘effectively unbanded’ shells) failed to reveal a clear pattern. This might suggest that thermal selection is more important than visual selection in generating this pattern. Trait differentiation, regardless of whether they were plotted against polder age or habitat age, showed a linear increase of differentiation with time, corresponding to a mean rate of trait evolution of 15–31 kilodarwin. In conclusion, C. nemoralis is capable of rapid and considerable evolutionary differentiation over 1–25 snail generations, though equilibrium may be reached only at longer time scales
Provedor de dados: 16
Autores: Schilthuizen, M.
I made use of the known dates of reclamation (and of afforestations) in the IJsselmeerpolders in The Netherlands to assess evolutionary adaptation in Cepaea nemoralis. At 12 localities (three in each polder), I sampled a total of 4390 adult individuals in paired open and shaded habitats, on average 233m apart, and scored these for genetic shell colour polymorphisms. The results show (highly) significant differentiation at most localities, although the genes involved differed per locality. Overall, though, populations in shaded habitats had evolved towards darker shells than those in adjacent open habitats, whereas a 'Cain &amp; Sheppard' diagram (proportion yellow shells plotted against ‘effectively unbanded’ shells) failed to reveal a clear pattern. This...
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: Predation; Crypsis; Contemporary evolution; Gastropoda; Mollusca; Adaptation; 42.73.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/445782

Evolutionary ecology of the Pachydontinae (Bivalvia, Corbulidae) in the Pebas lake/wetland system (Miocene, western Amazonia)
Provedor de dados: 16
Autores: Wesselingh, F.P.
Miocene deposits in western Amazonia and adjacent areas of South America harbour a diverse suite of endemic corbulid bivalves, commonly referred to as Pachydontinae, that show a wide variety of morphologies. Especially in the Miocene Pebas Formation (Peru, Colombia and Brazil), this group diversified spectacularly. Since these corbulids (a cosmopolitan marine and perimarine bivalve family) occur with freshwater taxa and yield isotope signals strongly indicative of freshwater settings, the success of this group in inland basins of Miocene northwestern South America is surprising. In this paper it is argued that a combination of adaptations to fluid bottom substrates, common dysoxia and high predation intensities explains their abundance, their morphological...
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: Corbulidae; Pachydontinae; Miocene; Amazonia; Evolution; Adaptation; 42.73; 38.22.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/209734

Morphology of immature stages in the neotropical nonfrugivorous Tephritinae Fruit Fly Species Rachiptera limbata Bigot (Diptera: Tephritidae) on Baccharis linearis (R. et Pav.) (Asteraceae)
Provedor de dados: 82
Autores: Frías,Daniel.
Rachiptera limbata Bigot develops on Baccharis linearis (R. et Pav.) in the areas around Santiago, Chile. The larvae feed on stem tissues and secrete a liquid that hardens to form a protective feeding and pupation chamber. The immature stages of Neotropical species of Tephritinae are poorly known. In this paper, the morphology of the immature stages of R. limbata are described and compared, in a phylogenetic context, with other Tephritinae species. Antennomaxillary complex, pads, oral ridge, cephalopharyngeal skeleton, anterior and posterior spiracles and anal lobes of first-, second-, third-instar larvae and pupae were studied with optical and scanning electron microscopy. The cephalopharyngeal skeleton is darkly sclerotized and shows an opening or window...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Neoteny; Plesiomorphic; Apomorphic traits.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1519-566X2008000500006

Biological parameters of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) biotype B (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) on Jatropha gossypiifolia, commercial (Manihot esculenta) and wild cassava (Manihot flabellifolia and M. carthaginensis) (Euphorbiaceae)
Provedor de dados: 82
Autores: Carabalí,Arturo; Belloti,Anthony C; Montoya-Lerma,James.
Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) is one of the most important pests of cassava in Africa and several countries of Asia due to the damage caused by direct feeding, the excretion of honeydew, and its capacity as a vector of cassava mosaic geminivirus. There is a general consensus that B. tabaci is a complex of morphologically indistinguishable populations with different biotypes. In the Americas, the polyphagous biotype B does not appear to feed on cassava. Recent studies indicate that it is possible, however, for biotype B to gradually adapt to cassava using phylogenetically related hosts. Therefore, the possibility that some wild species of cassava constitute intermediate hosts in the adaptation process may lead to the establishment of biotype B on commercial...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Trophic relationship; Whitefly.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1519-566X2010000400015

Intermittent sustained swimming in 'matrinxã' Brycon amazonicus (Bryconidae: Bryconinae): hematological and metabolic responses
Provedor de dados: 83
Autores: Fabrizzi,Fernando; Moraes,Gilberto; Hackbarth,Araceli; Almeida,Luciana Cristina de; Arbeláez-Rojas,Gustavo; Nunes,Cleujosí da Silva.
In fish, studies on a wide variety of physiological effects of exercise have been reported since a long time. It has been attributed special attention to some types of exercise, however, its application as a healthful practice in the rearing and welfare of farming fish is rising in last few years. In this particular, long-term intermittent sustained swimming (ISS) has been not yet explored. In this work, the freshwater fish Brycon amazonicus was submitted to (ISS) for 30 days at velocity of 1.0 body-length sec-1 for 12h interspaced by 12h under still water. Hematology and metabolism were evaluated. Exercised fish decreased 30% the erythrocyte number and hemoglobin was unvaried. The stores of liver glycogen and muscular triacylglycerol (TAG) were increased...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Exercise; Fish; Glycogen; Metabolism; Triacylglycerol.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252013000200425

Adaptation to Climate Change in the Developing World
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Huq, S.; Adger, W.N.; Brown, K.; Hulme, M.
The world’s climate is changing and will continue to change into the coming century at rates projected to be unprecedented in recent human history. The risks associated with these changes are real but highly uncertain. Societal vulnerability to the risks associated with climate change may exacerbate ongoing social and economic challenges, particularly for those parts of societies dependent on resources that are sensitive to changes in climate. Risks are apparent in agriculture, fisheries and many other components that constitute the livelihood of rural populations in developing countries. In this paper we explore the nature of risk and vulnerability in the context of climate change and review the evidence on present-day adaptation in developing countries...
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Vulnerability; Climate change; Environmental policy; Developing countries; Climate change; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35367.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/833

Chickpea kabuli variety ICCV 6
Provedor de dados: 30
Palavras-chave: Sowing date; Root nodulation; Chickpeas; Tolerance; Land management; Fungi; Yields; Research methods; Tropical zones; Adaptation.
Ano: 1988
URL: http://agropedia.iitk.ac.in/openaccess/?q=node/3135

ORGANIZING SEED FAIRS in emergency situations
Provedor de dados: 30
Autores: W.J.
Palavras-chave: Grain; Seed quality; Cowpeas; Marketing; Seed production; Distribution systems; Retail marketing; Participation; Groundnuts; Adaptation.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://agropedia.iitk.ac.in/openaccess/?q=node/3748

Chickpea kabuli variety ICCV 6
Provedor de dados: 30
Palavras-chave: Sowing date; Root nodulation; Chickpeas; Tolerance; Land management; Fungi; Yields; Research methods; Tropical zones; Adaptation.
Ano: 1988
URL: http://agropedia.iitk.ac.in/openaccess/?q=node/3775

Potential spread and economic impact of invasive Drosophila suzukii in Brazil
Provedor de dados: 86
Autores: Benito,Norton Polo; Lopes-da-Silva,Marcelo; Santos,Régis Sivori Silva dos.
Abstract: The objective of this work was to outline the potential distribution and economic impact of Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae), a recent invasive pest, in Brazil. Two maps of the potential establishment of the species were drawn based on the ecoclimatic index (EI), which uses the following thermal requirements for the species: with thermal stress, most restrictive scenario for spread; and without thermal stress. The EI was classified into four ranges: unfavorable, ≤25%; less favorable, &gt;25 to ≤50%; favorable, &gt;50 to ≤75%; and highly favorable, &gt;75%. Economic losses were estimated based on the most restrictive map. The highly favorable areas were overlapped with those of the maps of production data for each possible host (apple,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Biogeography bioinvasion exotic species spotted wing drosophila.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2016000500571

Goosegrass: Morphophysiological Characterization Under Water Excess Conditions
Provedor de dados: 87
Autores: SCHERER,M.B.; GÖERGEN,A.B.; PEDROLLO,N.T.; RUBERT,J.; DORNELLES,S.H.B.; LOPES,S.J.
ABSTRACT: Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. (goosegrass) is a grass species that has global prominence as a weed in areas typical of the soybean crop. However, its dispersion in recent years has been reported expressively for areas of poorly drained soil, in which irrigated rice is cultivated (lowlands). Little is known on its behavior and biology in this different ecosystem. This study aimed to evaluate if Eleusine indica can survive and withstand flooding. The experimental design was a completely randomized (two-way), in which two E. indica biotypes, one from the uplands (without flooding) and the other from the lowlands (with flooding), were submitted to three soil water conditions: 50 and 100% water retention capacity and soil under water depth....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Eleusine indica; Oryza sativa; Invasiveness.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582019000100190

Preparing for catastrophic climate change
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tsur,   Yacov; Withagen,   Cees.
We study optimal adaptation to climate change when the harmful consequences of global warming are associated with stochastic occurrence of abrupt changes. The adaptation policy entails the accumulation of a particular sort of capital that will eliminate or reduce the catastrophic damage of an abrupt climate change when (and if) it occurs. The occurrence date is uncertain. The policy problem involves balancing the tradeoffs between the (certain) investment cost prior to occurrence and the benefit (in reduced damage) that will be realized after the (uncertain) occurrence date. For stationary economies the optimal adaptation capital converges to a steady state. For growing economies the optimal adaptation capital stock approaches the maximal economic level...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Adaptation; Hazard; Environmental Economics and Policy; O13; Q54.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117652

Crop switching as a strategy for adapting to climate change
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kurukulasuriya,   Pradeep; Mendelsohn,   Robert.
This paper examines the impact of climate change on primary crops grown in Africa. An innovative approach is presented that bridges the gap between agro-economic and traditional Ricardian models. We label it a ‘structural Ricardian model’. It first captures the type of crop a farmer will select and then examines the conditional net revenue of that crop. The model is estimated using a sample of over 5000 farmers across 11 countries in Africa. The analysis finds that farmers shift the crops they plant to match the climate they face. Studies that fail to account for crop switching will overestimate the damages from climate change and underestimate the benefits.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Crops; Africa; Crop Production/Industries; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56970

Assessing the Role of Microfinance in Fostering Adaptation to Climate Change
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Agrawala,   Shardul; Carraro,   Maelis.
Much of the current policy debate on adaptation to climate change has focussed on estimation of adaptation costs, ways to raise and to scale-up funding for adaptation, and the design of the international institutional architecture for adaptation financing. There is however little or no emphasis so far on actual delivery mechanisms to channel these resources at the sub-national level, particularly to target the poor who are also often the most vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. It is in this context that microfinance merits a closer look. This paper offers the first empirical assessment of the linkages between microfinance supported activities and adaptation to climate change. Specifically, the lending portfolios of the 22 leading microfinance...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Microfinance; Climate Change; Financing; Adaptation; Bangladesh; Nepal; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q56; Q54; R51.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92709

Innovation Systems: Implications for agricultural policy and practice
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hall,   Andrew; Mytelka,   Lynn; Oyeyinka,   Banji.
Farmers and businesses need to adapt constantly if they are to survive and compete in the rapidly evolving environment associated with the contemporary agricultural sector. Rethinking agricultural research as part of a dynamic system of innovation could help to design ways of creating and sustaining conditions that will support the process of adaptation and innovation. This approach involves developing the working styles and practices of individuals and organizations and the incentives, support structures and policy environments that encourage innovation. Previous efforts to support agricultural sector innovation largely targeted agricultural policy and research organizations. The systems approach recognizes that innovation takes place through the...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Systems; Agricultural Research; Adaptation; Agricultural and Food Policy; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52512

Micro-Level Analysis of Farmers’ Adaptation to Climate Change in Southern Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nhemachena,   Charles; Hassan,   Rashid M.
Adaptation to climate change involves changes in agricultural management practices in response to changes in climate conditions. It often involves a combination of various individual responses at the farm-level and assumes that farmers have access to alternative practices and technologies available in the region. This study examines farmer adaptation strategies to climate change in Southern Africa based on a cross-section database of three countries (South Africa, Zambia and Zimbabwe) collected as part of the Global Environment Facility/World Bank (GEF/WB) Climate Change and African Agriculture Project. The study describes farmer perceptions to changes in long-term temperature and precipitation as well as various farm-level adaptation measures and barriers...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Adaptation; Southern Africa; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42399

AD-DICE: An Implementation of Adaptation in the DICE Mode
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: de Bruin,   Kelly C.; Dellink,   Rob B.; Tol,   Richard S.J.
Integrated Assessment Models (IAMS) have helped us over the past decade to understand the interactions between the environment and the economy in the context of climate change. Although it has also long been recognized that adaptation is a powerful and necessary tool to combat the adverse effects of climate change, most IAMs have not explicitly included the option of adaptation in combating climate change. This paper adds to the IAM and climate change literature by explicitly including adaptation in an IAM, thereby making the trade-offs between adaptation and mitigation visible. Specifically, a theoretical framework is created and used to implement adaptation as a decision variable into the DICE model. We use our new AD-DICE model to derive the adaptation...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Integrated Assessment Modelling; Adaptation; Climate Change; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q25; Q28.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9548

Alkalmazkodás a klímaváltozáshoz
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gazdag,   Laszlo.
A várható változásokkal szemben nem védekezni kell, hanem alkalmazkodni. A klímaváltozás is ilyen kihívást jelent. Aki gyorsan és jól alkalmazkodik, az előnybe kerül másokkal szemben. Be kell rendezkednünk a növekvő időjárási amplitúdók, a szélsőséges körülmények közötti eredményes gazdálkodásra. Az első lépés az érdekviszonyok radikális átalakítása! Előnyben részesíteni mindazon technikai-technológiai fejlesztéseket, amelyek a sikeres alkalmazkodást szolgálják. Eltörölni mindenfajta vízdíjat és hasonló költségnövelő tényezőt, amit az öntözési és/vagy halastavi célú felhasználásra vet ki az állam. Kamatkedvezménnyel és más úton ösztönözni az öntözési infrastruktúra fejlesztését, az öntözési tevékenység végzését. A komplex megoldások preferálása, melyek...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Érdekeltség; Alkalmazkodás; Komplexitás; Rugalmasság; Technológia; Interest; Adaptation; Complexity; Flexibility; Technology; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Production Economics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92417

An interdisciplinary framework of limits and barriers to climate change adaptation in agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kolikow,   Steven; Kragt,   Marit Ellen; Mugera,   Amin W.
This paper has been published in a peer-reviewed conference as:  Kragt, M.E., Mugera, A. &amp; Kolikow, S. (2013) An interdisciplinary framework of limits and barriers to agricultural climate change adaptation. In: Piantadosi, J., Anderssen, R.S. &amp; Boland J. (Eds) MODSIM2013, 20th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand, Adelaide, 1-6 December 2013, pp. 593–599. ISBN: 978-0-9872143-3-1. Session B2: http://www.mssanz.org.au/modsim2013/B2/kragt.pdf
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Agriculture; Australia; Broad-acre Farming; Conceptual Modelling; Climate Change; Epistemology; Interdisciplinary Research; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Q12; Q54.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120467

Resistance to Change
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dow,   James; Perotti,   Enrico.
Established firms often fail to maintain leadership following disruptive market shifts. We argue that such firms are more prone to internal resistance. A radical adjustment of assets affects the distribution of employee rents, creating winners and losers. Losers resist large changes when strong customer goodwill cushions the consequences. Partial adaptation may lead winners to depart to form new  firms with no goodwill, but no internal resistance.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Resistance to Change; Leadership; Adaptation; Risk and Uncertainty; D21.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60752

Determinants of African farmers’ strategies for adapting to climate change: Multinomial choice analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hassan,   Rashid M.; Nhemachena,   Charles.
This study analyzed determinants of farm-level climate adaptation measures in Africa using a multinomial choice model fitted to data from a cross-sectional survey of over 8000 farms from 11 African countries. The results indicate that specialized crop cultivation (mono-cropping) is the agricultural practice most vulnerable to climate change in Africa. Warming, especially in summer, poses the highest risk. It encourages irrigation, multiple cropping and integration of livestock. Increased precipitation reduces the probability of irrigation and will benefit most African farms, especially in drier areas. Better access to markets, extension and credit services, technology and farm assets (labor, land and capital) are critical for helping African farmers adapt...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Impacts; Adaptation; Agriculture; Africa; Farm Management; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56969

An analysis of the determinants of flood damages
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ferreira,   Susana.
In this paper we analyze mortality caused by 2,194 large flood events between 1985 and 2008 in 108 countries. Unlike previous studies that looked at natural-disaster mortality, we find that year-to-year changes in income and institutional determinants of vulnerability do not affect flood mortality directly. Income and institutions influence mortality only indirectly, through their impact on the intensity and frequency of floods. Population exposure affects the number of deaths both directly and indirectly. Higher population exposure results in more deaths once the flood has occurred, but it is associated with smaller floods. In developing countries it also reduces the count of floods.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Natural Disasters; Floods; Mortality; Adaptation; Climate Change; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; Land Economics/Use; Risk and Uncertainty; Q54.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98381

Vision Statements and Road-Map Methodology for Knowledge Management Adoption
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Charvat,   Karel; Gnip,   Pavel; Gemtou,   Maria; Vogeltanzova,   Tereza.
The present paper describes the strategy of introducing future knowledge management system at farms. The FUTUREFARM and PREZEM projects strive to apply new knowledge management methods in arable farming where they guarantee an easy adaptation of the farming sector to the everchanging conditions in short, middle and long-term perspective. The knowledge management methods have to be put into practice on strategic, tactic and operational planning levels. Based on the project analysis and workshops with farmers, the paper brings an outline of the main goals and obstacles for new knowledge management methods adoption and furthermore defines the target groups and relevant methods of dealing with them.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Knowledge management; Adaptation; Arable farming; Farm Management; GA; IN.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99070

Benefit-costs analysis of climate-related agricultural investments in Africa: a case study
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Branca,   Giacomo; Lipper,   Leslie; Sorrentino,   Alessandro.
Paper removed at the request of the first (corresponding) author.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food security; Adaptation; Mitigation; Benefit-cost analysis; Externalities; Environmental Economics and Policy; D61; D62; H54; O13; Q55.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124109

Inter-Temporal Investment in Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wang,   Weiwei; McCarl,   Bruce A.
Currently, different dimensions of mitigation strategies have been investigated in policy analysis. However, ambitious mitigation action aiming at reducing future climate change will not prevent much climate change before mid-century. Short-term and medium-term temperature as well as associated damages cannot be avoided completely.  Increasingly there appears to be recognition of the need to simultaneously implement adaptation and mitigation. However, the optimal combination between adaptation and mitigation that can best address climate change over time is still an open question. Literature base is rather small, yet very diverse and inconsistent in conclusions. In this paper, we do an exploration of the temporal optimal investment mix between adaptation...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate Change Damages; Adaptation; Mitigation; Temporal Investment; Integrated Assessment Model; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty; Q54; Q58.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103408

EX ANTE CAPACITY EFFECTS IN EVOLUTIONARY LABOR MARKETS WITH ADAPTIVE SEARCH
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tesfatsion,   Leigh.
For a postscript copy of this paper, click &lt;a href="/Data/isu/er48.ps"&gt; here. &lt;/A&gt;  This study reports on computational experiments for an agent-based labor market model with adaptive choice and refusal of worksite partners and with endogenously evolving worksite behaviors.  Two treatment factors are experimentally varied: market structure; and ex ante capacity constraints on potential work offers and job openings.  Particular attention is focused on experimentally determined correlations between treatment factors and the formation of contractual networks among workers and employers, and between contractual network formation and the types of worksite interactions and welfare outcomes that these contractual networks support.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Labor markets; Search and matching; Contractual networks; Adaptation; Evolutionary game; Agent-based computational economics; C++ source code; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18198

HOW CHINA’S FARMERS ADAPT TO CLIMATE CHANGE?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wang,   Jinxia; Mendelsohn,   Robert; Dinar,   Ariel; Huang,   Jikun.
This paper examines how farmers have adapted to the current range of climates across China.  A cross sectional method is used to analyze irrigation choice and crop choice across 8,405 farmers in 28 provinces in China.  We find that both irrigation and crop choice decisions are climate sensitive. Chinese farmers are more likely to irrigate when facing lower temperatures and less precipitation.  Farmers in warmer places are more likely to choose oil crops, maize, and especially cotton and wheat, and are less likely to choose vegetables, potatoes, sugar and especially rice and soybeans.  In wetter locations, farmers are more likely to choose soybeans, oil crops, sugar, vegetables, cotton and especially rice, and they are less likely to choose potato, wheat...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate Change; Adaptation; Irrigation Choice; Crop Choice; China; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51803

Farmers’ strategies for adapting to climate change in Ogbomoso agricultural zone of Oyo state
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ajao,   A.O.; Ogunniyi,   L.T.
The climate is changing and global mean temperatures have increased this is expected to have profound effects on food security. Long-term changes in climate will disproportionately affect tropical regions, meaning poor farmers in Sub-Saharan Africa will likely bear the brunt of adverse impacts. Adaptation plays an important role in reducing vulnerability to climate change and is therefore critical and of concern in developing countries, particularly in Africa where vulnerability is high because ability to adapt is low. This study examined farmers’ strategies for adapting to climate change in Ogbomoso agricultural zone of Oyo State of Nigeria. One hundred and fifty farmers were interviewed to obtain information from using a multistage sampling procedure....
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Climate; Probit; Mulchin; Adaptation; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; GA; IN.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116378

Adapting agriculture to climate change
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Iglesias,   Ana; Quiroga,   Sonia; Diz,   Agustin; Garrote,   Luis.
We evaluate the potential impacts and measure the potential limits of adaptation of agriculture to climate change. Pressures on land and water resources are expected to intensify existing risks in low latitude areas – e.g., South-East Asia deltas – and in regions with current water scarcity – e.g. Mediterranean, and create new opportunities in some northern temperate areas – e.g., Northern Russia, Northern Europe. The need to respond to these risks and opportunities is addressed by evaluating the costs and benefits of a number of technical and policy actions. The discussion aims to assist stakeholders facing the adaptation challenge and develop measures to reduce the vulnerability of the sector to climate change.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climatic change; Global production; Mitigation; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; C51; C53; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120200

“Mitigation, Adaptation, Suffering”: In Search of the Right Mix in the Face of Climate Change
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tulkens,   Henry; van Steenberghe,   Vincent.
The usually assumed two categories of costs involved in climate change policy analysis, namely abatement and damage costs, hide the presence of a third category, namely adaptation costs. This dodges the determination of an appropriate level for them. Including adaptation costs explicitly in the total environmental cost function allows one to characterize the optimal (cost minimizing) balance between the three categories, in statics as well as in dynamics. Implications are derived for cost benefit analysis of adaptation expenditures.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate Change; Mitigation; Adaptation; Suffering; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q5; H0.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54352

Adaptation approaches to climate change in China: An operational framework
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jiahua,   Pan; Yan,   Zheng; Markandya,   Anil.
Climate change poses great risks for China, which makes adaptation an essential response. However, adaptation planning and implementation are still at a preliminary stage with respect to the theoretical framework and methodology. This article focuses on the status, problems and basic needs as regards adaptation to climate change, and outlines the operational framework that the government is seeking to pursue for China’s adapting to climate change. The conclusion is that, to satisfy the basic needs of development, it is necessary to clarify development-oriented and incremental adaptation. Furthermore measures to enhance adaptive capacity can be classified as infrastructure-based, technology-based and institutional. Lastly the authors stress the importance...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Incremental adaptation; Development-oriented adaptation; Approaches for adaptation; Economic analysis of adaptation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q54; Q56; Q58.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117619

Gauging the Vulnerability of Local Water Utilities to Extreme Weather Events
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hersh,   Robert; Wernstedt,   Kris.
Water utilities that rely on surface water may be vulnerable to future droughts and floods, a vulnerability that may be magnified by climate perturbations as well as shorter-term and, in some cases, ongoing changes in the political and regulatory environment in which utilities operate. Unfortunately, day-to-day responsibilities currently occupy most utility operators, leaving little time to plan for inherently uncertain effects. The record of actual responses to past droughts and floods can be illuminating, however, particularly when placed in the context of plausible hydrologic and institutional disruptions. This paper draws on interviews of water utility operators in the northwestern U.S. to highlight opportunities and constraints that water utilities...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Water utilities; Extreme events; Environmental planning; Climate variability; Climate change; Adaptation; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10649

Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation Strategies In Italy. An Economic Assessment
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Carraro,   Carlo; Sgobbi,   Alessandra.
In this paper, the economic value of the impacts of climate change is assessed for different Italian economic sectors and regions. Sectoral and regional impacts are then aggregated to provide a macroeconomic estimate of variations in GDP induced by climate change in the next decades. Autonomous adaptation induced by changes in relative prices and in stocks of natural and economic resources is fully taken into account. The model also considers international trade effects. Results show that in Italy aggregate GDP losses induced by climate change are likely to be small. However, some economic sectors (e.g. tourism) and the alpine regions will suffer significant economic damages.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Impacts; Climate Change; Adaptation; GDP Losses; Tourism; Environmental Economics and Policy; Political Economy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; O13; Q43; Q5; R13.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6373

Climate change impacts and adaptation in Nepal.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bartlett,   Ryan; Bharati,   Luna; Pant,   Dhruba; Hosterman,   Heather; McCornick,   Peter G.
The impact of climate change (CC) on water resources is likely to affect agricultural systems and food security. This is especially true for Nepal, a least developed country, where a high percentage of the population is dependent on agriculture for its livelihoods. It is thus crucial for Nepal’s leaders and resource managers to draft and begin implementing national adaptation plans. This working paper aims to create a more comprehensive understanding of how the impacts of CC will be realized at different scales in Nepal, from household livelihoods to national food security, and the many institutions governing the ultimate adaptation process.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Impact assessment; Adaptation; National planning; Institutions; Water resource management; Social aspects; Political aspects; River basins; Runoff; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108670

International Environmental Agreements in the Presence of Adaptation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Marrouch,   Walid; Chaudhuri,   Amrita Ray.
We show that adaptive measures undertaken by countries in the face of climate change, apart from directly reducing the damage caused by climate change, may also indirectly mitigate greenhouse gas emissions by increasing the stable size of international agreements on emission reductions. Moreover, we show that the more effective the adaptive measure in terms of reducing the marginal damage from emissions, the larger the stable size of the international environmental agreement. In addition, we show that larger coalitions, in the presence of adaptation, may lead to lower global emission levels and higher welfare.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Environmental Agreements; Adaptation; Coalition Formation; Climate Change; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q54; Q59.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/102572

The economics of agrobiodiversity conservation for food security under climate change
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pascual,   Unai; Narloch,   Ulf; Nordhagen,   Stella; Drucker,   Adam G.
Subsistence-based and natural resource-dependent societies are especially vulnerable to climate change. In such contexts, food security needs to be strengthened by investing in the adaptability of food systems. This paper looks into the role of agrobiodiversity conservation for food security in the face of climate change. It identifies agrobiodiversity as a key public good that delivers necessary services for human wellbeing. We argue that the public values provided by agrobiodiversity conservation need to be demonstrated and captured. We offer an economic perspective of this challenge and highlight ways of capturing at least a subset of the public values of agrobiodiversity to help adapt to and reduce the vulnerability of subsistence based economies to...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Adaptation; Agrobiodiversity; Economic incentives; Resilience; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q18; Q24; Q54.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117623

Coping with Climatic Variability by Rain-fed Farmers in Dry Zone, Sri Lanka: Towards Understanding Adaptation to Climate Change
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Senaratne,   Athula; Scarborough,   Helen.
Climate change introduces numerous uncertainties over the livelihoods of farming communities that depend heavily on weather and climate. Rain-fed farmers in developing countries are among the most vulnerable communities. However, climate risks are not new to farmers. Coping with ‘natural variability’ of climate has been a constant challenge faced by farmers even though broad sweeping change in climate due to anthropogenic causes is a relatively new prospect. Some argue ‘climate change’ could be significantly different from ‘climatic variability’ known to and experienced by farmers. In spite of this it is widely accepted that understanding farmers’ behavior towards adapting to climatic variability could generate useful insights in facing the risk of climate...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climatic variability; Village tanks; Climate change; Rain-fed farmer; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100707

A HAZAI AGRÁRINNOVÁCIÓ LEHETŐSÉGEI ÉS FELADATAI
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Husti,   Istvan.
The main objective of this presentation is to systemise the present innovation tasks of the Hungarian agriculture, especially focusing on the SMS’s.   I prepared and use some models to determine the development tasks. Let me introduce three models out of them. • The general model of agricultural innovation demonstrates clearly the connecting and depending works to do. It shows that the innovation part-works can be systematised into two integrating umbrellas. These are marketing and knowledge.  • The model about the substance of technical development shows that technical development serving agricultural production has got a particular bridging role between the production and the previous innovation phases by integrating several factors at the same time.  •...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Kkv szektor; Innovációs lehetőség; Adaptáció; Small and medium size enterprises; Possibility for innovation; Adaptation; Agribusiness; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43409

Climate's Long-term Impact on New Zealand Infrastructure (CLINZI) - A Case Study of Hamilton City, New Zealand
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jollands,   Nigel; Ruth,   Matthias; Bernier,   C.; Golubiewski,   N.
Infrastructure systems and services (ISS) are vulnerable to changes in climate.  This paper reports on a study of the impact of gradual climate changes on ISS in Hamilton City, New Zealand.  This study is unique in that it is the first of its kind to be applied to New Zealand ISS.  This study also considers a broader range of ISS than most other climate change studies recently conducted.   Using historical climate data and four climate change scenarios, we modelled the impact of climate change on water supply and quality, transport, energy demand, public health and air quality.  Our analysis reveals that many of Hamilton City's infrastructure sectors demonstrated greater responsiveness to population changes than changes in gradual climate change. Any...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Infrastructure; Integrated assessment; Adaptation; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; International Relations/Trade; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries; Political Economy.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98499

Farmers’ Satisfaction and Intention to Continue as Members of Agricultural Marketing Co-operatives: A Test of the Neoclassical and Transaction Costs Theories
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hernandez-Espallardo,   Miguel; Arcas-Lario,   Narciso; Tantius,   Peter H.
Agricultural marketing co-operatives are one among a myriad of options that farmers have to market their products, making survival of the co-operative formula to depend on its capability to compete for the farmers’ satisfaction and membership. This research uses Neoclassical Theory and Transaction Costs Theory to propose a number of antecedents of the farmers’ satisfaction with the co-operative and their intention to remain members in the long term. With data obtained from a sample of 320 producers of fruits and vegetables, members of agricultural marketing cooperatives operating in the fresh fruit and vegetable chain, the results obtained show that 1) the liquidation price is more important to predict the farmers’ satisfaction with the co-operatives than...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural co-operatives; Transaction Costs Theory; Neoclassical Theory of the firm; Satisfaction; Continuity; Liquidation price; Safeguards; Adaptation; Performance evaluation.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58028

An Economic Analysis of Water Infrastructure Investments, Agricultural Productivity and Climate Change in the Mekong Delta: Adapting to Increased Salinity and Sea Level Rise
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Corderi Novoa,   David; Williams,   Jeffrey C.; Howitt,   Richard E.; Lund,   Jay R.
Replaced with revised version of paper 07/24/11.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Adaptation; Agriculture; Water resources; Dynamic programming; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; Production Economics; Risk and Uncertainty; Q54; Q25; Q15.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103875

A Structural Land-Use Analysis of Agricultural Adaptation to Climate Change: A Proactive Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kaminski,   Jonathan; Kan,   Iddo; Fleischer,   Aliza.
This article proposes a proactive approach for analyzing agricultural adaptation to climate change based on a structural land-use model wherein farmers maximize profit by allocating their land between crop-technology bundles. The profitability of the bundles is a function of four technological attributes via which climate variables‟ effect is channeled: yield potential; input requirements; yields' sensitivity to input use; and farm-level management costs. Proactive adaptation measures are derived by identifying the technological attributes via which climate variables reduce overall agricultural profitability, despite adaptation by land reallocation among bundles. By applying the model to Israel, we find that long-term losses stem from yield potential...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Agricultural land use; Climate change; Crop-technology bundles; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120076

Cost of adaptation to climate change impacts on fresh-water systems: existing estimates and research gaps
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Martin-Ortega,   Julia.
Information on the cost of adaptation in freshwater systems is necessary to better design strategies to face climate change and water management. We look at the existing estimates with the aim of identifying research gaps. Our analysis shows that case study-specific literature is scarce, fragmented, and not always methodologically transparent. At the same time, most existing global assessments are likely to represent underestimates and rely heavily on each other. We conclude that a clear conceptual framework is still missing. Remaining research gaps include addressing inter-sector linkages and estimations of other than only direct costs, in addition to addressing the issues of ‘adaptation deficit’ and ‘residual damage’.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Costs; Freshwater systems; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q54; A56.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117615

How Harmful are Adaptation Restrictions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: de Bruin,   Kelly C.; Dellink,   Rob B.
The dominant assumption in economic models of climate policy remains that adaptation will be implemented in an optimal manner. There are, however, several reasons why optimal levels of adaptation may not be attainable. This paper investigates the effects of suboptimal levels of adaptation, i.e. adaptation restrictions, on the composition and level of climate change costs and on welfare. Several adaptation restrictions are identified and then simulated in a revised DICE model, extended with adaptation (AD-DICE). We find that especially substantial over-investment in adaptation can be very harmful due to sharply increasing marginal adaptation costs. Furthermore the potential of mitigation to offset suboptimal adaptation is investigated. When adaptation is...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Integrated Assessment Modelling; Adaptation; Climate Change; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q25; Q28.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52546

Effects of Global Climate Change on Nigerian Agriculture: An Empirical Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Apata,   Temidayo Gabriel; Ogunyinka,   A.I.; Sanusi,   R.A.; Ogunwande,   S.
This paper presents an empirical analysis of the effects of global warming on Nigerian agriculture and estimation of the determinants of adaptation to climate change. Data used for this study are from both secondary and primary sources. The set of secondary sources of data helped to examine the coverage of the three scenarios (1971-1980; 1981-1990 and 1991-2000). The primary data set consists of 1500 respondents’ but only 1250 cases were useful. This study analyzed determinants of farm-level climate adaptation measures using a Multinomial choice and stochastic-simulation model to investigate the effects of rapid climatic change on grain production and the human population in Nigeria. The model calculates the production, consumption and storage of grains...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Adaptation; Economic consequences; Farm level productivity; Average Rainfall; Nigeria; Food Security and Poverty; D6; D91; E21; O13; Q01; Q2.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91751

RDP capacities, changing governance styles and the new challenges
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dwyer,   Janet; Pereira,   Sandrina; Mikk,   Merit; Peepson,   Argo; Thomson,   Kenneth J.
CAP Pillar 2 policies and Rural Development Programmes (RDPs) reflect a broad range of governance styles and policy priorities, as well as significant devolution to regions and/or provinces within Member States. The processes supporting this new style of policymaking have become increasingly differentiated. The Europe 2020 document identifies significant “new challenges” facing the EU’s rural areas, notably climate change, sustainable water management and renewable energy generation. All of these “new challenges” impinge on EU rural development policies, and imply a need for significant shifts in priorities and actions. This paper draws from recent research carried out within the RuDI project, to analyse the capacity of the current Pillar 2 approach to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Rural development policy; Governance; New challenges; Targeting; Adaptation; Community/Rural/Urban Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94913

Large-Scale Modelling of Global Food Security and Adaptation under Crop Yield Uncertainty
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fuss,   Sabine; Havlik,   Petr; Szolgayova,   Jana; Schmid,   Erwin; Obersteiner,   Michael.
Concerns about future food security in the face of volatile and potentially lower yields due to climate change have been at the heart of recent discussions on adaptation strategies in the agricultural sector. While there are a variety of studies trying to quantify the impact of climate change on yields, some of that literature also acknowledges the fact that these estimates are subject to substantial uncertainty. The question arises how such uncertainty will affect decision-making if ensuring food security is an explicit objective. Also, it will be important to establish, which options for adaptation are most promising in the face of volatile yields. The analysis is carried out using a stochastic version of the Global Biosphere Management Model (GLOBIOM)...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food price volatility; Optimization under uncertainty; Adaptation; Land use change; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114347

Animal husbandry in Africa: Climate change impacts and adaptations
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Seo,   S. Niggol; Mendelsohn,   Robert.
This paper uses a cross-sectional approach to analyze the impacts of climate change on animal husbandry and the way farmers adapt. The study is based on surveys of almost 5000 livestock farmers across ten countries in Africa. A traditional Ricardian regression finds that the livestock net revenues of large farms in Africa are more sensitive to temperature than those of small farms. Cross-sectional analysis also reveals that large farms (but not small farms) have fewer animals per farm in warmer places. Farmers tend to select beef cattle and chickens in cool climates and goats and sheep in hot climates. Using the Ricardian results and examining climate scenarios for 2060 and beyond, the net revenues of small farms are predicted to increase as much as 120%...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Livestock; Impact; Adaptation; Africa; Livestock Production/Industries; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q12; Q25.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56968

Adaptation Can Help Mitigation: An Integrated Approach to Post-2012 Climate Policy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bosello,   Francesco; Carraro,   Carlo; De Cian,   Enrica.
The latest round of international negotiations in Copenhagen led to a set of commitments on emission reductions which are unlikely to stabilise global warming below or around 2°C. As a consequence, in the absence of additional ambitious policy measures, adaptation will be needed to address climate-related damages. What is the role of adaptation in this setting? How is it optimally allocated across regions and time? To address these questions, this paper analyses the optimal mix of adaptation and mitigation expenditures in a cost-effective setting in which countries cooperate to achieve a long-term stabilisation target (550 CO2-eq). It uses an Integrated Assessment Model (AD-WITCH) that describes the relationships between different adaptation modes...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate Change Impacts; Mitigation; Adaptation; Integrated Assessment Model; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q54; Q56; Q43.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116907

Trust, Contracting, and Adaptation in Agri‐Food Hybrid Structures
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Martino,   Gaetano.
The paper considers the relationship between trust and governance structure from a Transaction Cost Economics perspective. The role of trust in the coordinating decisions is variously conceptualized according to the theoretical view adopted by the scholars. The present study adopt the three‐level schema introduced by Williamson (1996) and suggest that determinants of trust may operate both at institutional and governance structure level. The analytical framework depicted maintains that trust may determine a reduction of ex post transaction cost in the adaptation of hybrid structure. As a consequence trust appears to be able to extend the range of existence of the hybrids. The empirical part of the study is dedicated to a case study which illustrates the...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Hybrid; Conditional trust; Adaptation; Contractual relationship.; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Industrial Organization; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/101283

THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE PROFITABILITY OF SITE SPECIFIC TECHNOLOGIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Finger,   Robert; Gerwig,   Claude N.
Site Specific Technologies (SST) can reduce environmental pollution caused by common agricultural practice. Using a case study for corn yields, we investigate the impact of climate change (CC) on profitability of SSTs. We find CC to increase spatial variability of soils with respect to optimal input application and yield variability. This leads, ceteris paribus, to higher incentives for SST adoption in the future.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate Change; Site Specific Technologies; Adaptation; Crop Production Function.; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7574

Community-based Adaptation: Lessons from the Development Marketplace 2009 on Adaptation to Climate Change
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Heltberg,   Rasmus; Prabhu,   Radhika; Gitay,   Habiba.
The Development Marketplace 2009 focused on adaptation to climate change. This paper identifies lessons from the Marketplace and assesses their implications for adaptation support. Our findings are based on: statistical tabulation of all proposals; in-depth qualitative and quantitative analysis of the 346 semi-finalists; and interviews with finalists and assessors. Proposals were fuelled by deep concerns that ongoing climate change and its impacts undermine development and exacerbate poverty, migration and food insecurity. Proposals addressed both local poverty and climate change challenges, and offered a wide range of approaches to render local development more resilient to current climate variability. Therefore, support to community-based adaptation...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Community-based Adaptation; Development Marketplace; Adaptation; Climate Change; Environmental Economics and Policy; O1; Q5.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92711

Adaptation, Mitigation and “Green” R&amp;D to Combat Global Climate Change. Insights From an Empirical Integrated Assessment Exercise
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bosello,   Francesco.
This work develops a framework for the analysis at the macro-level of the relationship between adaptation and mitigation policies. The FEEM-RICE growth model with stock pollution, endogenous R&amp;D investment and emission abatement is enriched with a planned-adaptation module where a defensive capital stock is built through adaptation investment. Within this framework the optimal path of planned adaptation, the optimal inter and intra temporal mix between adaptation, mitigation and investment in R&amp;D, and the sensitivity of a strategy to each other is identified. The major conclusions of this research show that adaptation, mitigation and R&amp;D are strategic complements as all concur together to the solution of the climate change problem; nonetheless...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate Change Impacts; Mitigation; Adaptation; Integrated Assessment; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q25; Q28.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59746

Farmers Perception and Adaptation to Climate Change: An Estimation of Willingness to Pay
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Acquah,   H. de-Graft; Onumah,   Edward E.
This paper assesses farmers’ perception and adaptation to climate change to enhance policy towards tackling the challenges climate change poses to the farmers in Ghana. With regards to farmers’ perception and methods of adaptation, majority of the farmers perceived increase in temperature and decrease in rainfall pattern. Farmers’ level of adaptation was found to be relatively high with majority of the farmers using changing planting dates, different crop varieties, soil conservation and water harvesting as the major adaptation measures to climate change impacts. However, access to water, high cost of adaptation, lack of information, lack of knowledge on adaptation, insecure property rights, insufficient access to inputs and lack of credits were identified...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Perception; Adaptation; Climate change; Willingnessto pay; Probit regression; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; GA; IN.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120241

Climate Policy and the Optimal Balance between Mitigation, Adaptation and Unavoided Damage
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bosello,   Francesco; Carraro,   Carlo; De Cian,   Enrica.
It has become commonly accepted that a successful climate strategy should compound mitigation and adaptation. The accurate combination between adaptation and mitigation that can best address climate change is still an open question. This paper proposes a framework that integrates mitigation, adaptation, and climate change residual damages into an optimisation model. This set-up is used to provide some insights on the welfare maximising resource allocation between mitigation and adaptation, on their optimal timing, and on their marginal contribution to reducing vulnerability to climate change. The optimal mix between three different adaptation modes (reactive adaptation, anticipatory adaptation, and investment in innovation for adaptation purposes) within...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate Change Impacts; Mitigation; Adaptation; Integrated Assessment Model; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q54; Q56; Q43.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60681

Impacts and adaptive capacity as drivers for prioritizing agricultural adaptation to climate change in Europe
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Schlickenrieder,   Jeremy; Quiroga,   Sonia; Diz,   Agustin; Iglesias,   Ana.
In the face of likely climate change impacts policy makers at different spatial scales need access to assessment tools that enable informed policy instruments to be designed. Recent scientific advances have facilitated the development of improved climate projections, but it remains to be seen whether these are translated into effective adaptation strategies. This paper uses existing databases on climate impacts on European agriculture and combines them with an assessment of adaptive capacity to develop an interdisciplinary approach for prioritising policies. It proposes a method for identifying relevant policies for different EU countries that are representative of various agroclimatic zones. Our analysis presents a framework for integrating current...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Adaptive capacity; Agriculture; Climate change; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q18; Q54.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117617

ON ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE AND RISK EXPOSURE IN THE NILE BASIN OF ETHIOPIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Di Falco,   Salvatore; Veronesi,   Marcella.
This study investigates the impact of climate change adaptation on farm households’ downside risk exposure (e.g., risk of crop failure) in the Nile Basin of Ethiopia. The analysis relies on a moment-based specification of the stochastic production function. We estimate a simultaneous equations model with endogenous switching to account for the heterogeneity in the decision to adapt or not, and for unobservable characteristics of farmers and their farm. We find that (i) climate change adaptation reduces downside risk exposure, i.e., farm households that implemented climate change adaptation strategies get benefits in terms of a decrease in the risk of crop failure; (ii) farm households that did not adapt would benefit the most in terms of reduction in...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Endogenous switching; Ethiopia; Risk exposure; Stochastic production function; Skewness; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty; D80; Q18; Q54.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/115549

Anatomical analysis of peach palm (Bactris gasipaes) leaves cultivated in vitro, ex vitro and in vivo
Provedor de dados: 88
Autores: Batagin-Piotto,Katherine Derlene; Almeida,Cristina Vieira de; Piotto,Fernando Angelo; Almeida,Marcílio de.
The present work characterized and compared the anatomical structures of the leaves of Bactris gasipaes (Arecaceae) plants grown under different cultivation conditions (in vitro, ex vitro and in vivo) with the goal of identifying the origins of the difficulties encountered in acclimatizing micro-plants. The Quant program was used to determine leaf tissue thicknesses and areas, and histochemical tests were performed on leaf sections and analyzed using light microscopy. Stomatal and trichome densities were determined using the epidermal impression method and by scanning electronic microscopy. Our results indicated that there were no discernible alterations of the anatomical characteristics of the leaves of micro-plants cultivated under differing conditions...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Acclimatization; Adaptation; Plant anatomy.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-84042012000100008

Behavior and performance of broiler strains reared under semi-intensive system with shaded areas
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Barbosa Filho,JAD; Silva,MAN; Silva,IJO; Coelho,AAD; Savino,VJM.
The matter of animal welfare has led to studies in order to evaluate alternative rearing systems for livestock in order to improve well-being. The semi-intensive system is an alternative method of rearing broilers in which the birds are kept in a poultry house and have free access to a pasture area during the day. It is known that ambient conditions may directly affect the behavior of birds reared in the semi-intensive system. Therefore, this research evaluated the behavior of four broiler strains reared under a semi-intensive system with a shaded area (provided by a black plastic screen - 50%) and the bioclimatic characteristics of this environment when compared with the non-shaded pasture. Thirty-five birds were reared in pens with 4.5 m² and 35 m² of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Broiler; Semi-intensive system; Welfare.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2005000400003

Effect of Thermal Embryonic Manipulation on the Quality of Male and Female Broiler Meat Submitted to Thermal Stress Pre-Slaughter
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Fernandes,JIM; Santos,TC; Kaneko,IN; Horn,D; Leyter,JR; Pasa,CLB.
ABSTRACT Adverse environmental conditions during rearing may negatively affect productivity and meat quality of the modern fast-growing broiler strains. Temperature manipulation during sensitive embryonic development periods may affect broilers' physiological responses to environmental conditions during rearing on commercial farms. The objective of this trial was to evaluate the effect of temperature manipulation during incubation and breeder age on the meat quality of male and female broilers submitted to heat stress during the pre-slaughter period. In this experiment, 1280 broiler chicks were distributed according to a completely randomized experimental design in a 2x2x2 factorial arrangement. Treatments consisted of two breeder ages (30 and 60 weeks),...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Epigenetic; Incubation; Thermoregulation.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2016000200343

Comparative morphology of the mandibles of female polistine social wasps (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Polistinae)
Provedor de dados: 92
Autores: Silveira,Orlando Tobias; Santos Jr.,José Nazareno Araújo dos.
Comparative morphology of the mandibles of female polistine social wasps (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Polistinae). Diversity of mandibular forms in female polistines is explored and compared among 116 species of all polistine genera. Inferences about function are made and discussed based on observed form differences. Mandible length and width measurements are analyzed for a subset of polistine species plus two vespines and two eumenines. A variable expressing the ratio between these variables is also considered in morphometric analyses. The following mechanical interactions among mandible structural elements are highlighted: opposition and crossing of mandibles' apical teeth at the middle of the closing trajectory; shearing action of the apical teeth against...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Form-function analysis; Morphometrics; Phylogenetic methods; Systematics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0085-56262011000400004

Anatomy, chlorophyll content and photosynthetic potential in grapevine leaves under plastic cover
Provedor de dados: 94
Autores: Chavarria,Geraldo; Santos,Henrique Pessoa dos; Castro,Luis Antônio Suita de; Marodin,Gilmar Arduíno Bettio; Bergamaschi,Homero.
The present study evaluated the anatomy, chlorophyll content and photosynthetic potential of grapevine leaves grown under plastic cover. The experiment was carried out in vineyards of Moscato Giallo cultivar covered and uncovered with plastic. A block design with 10 selected plants was used for each area (covered and uncovered). Twelve leaves (six of them fully exposed to solar radiation and six grown under shaded conditions) were collected from each area and were fixed and analyzed microscopically (thickness of the adaxial and abaxial epidermis and of the palisade and spongy parenchymas). Chlorophyll content and photosynthetic potential were determined in the vineyard at veraison and after harvest. Plastic covering increased the thickness of the palisade...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Vitis vinifera; Adaptation; Grapevine; Protected crop; Microclimate.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-29452012000300003

‘BRS Serenata’: a peach for fresh market
Provedor de dados: 94
Autores: Raseira,Maria do Carmo Bassols; Franzon,Rodrigo Cezar; Scaranari,Ciro; Feldberg,Nelson Pires; Dalbó,Marco Antônio.
Abstract  Even though the peach tree was introduced in Brazil during the XVI century, it was only on the 1940’s that the first peach breeding program started in the country. Later on, other programs started being, until now, the largest ones, and the programs that gave more significant contributions to the peach crop development those from the Instituto Agronômico de Campinas and from Embrapa Temperate Agriculture. Presently, peach is cultivated not only in the colder areas of the South but also in the subtropics and high altitude areas of the tropics, due to dozens of cultivars released by these breeding programs. Peaches are sold entirely in the domestic market and in the largest consumers market, State of São Paulo, the preference is for white sweet...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Breeding; Low chill requirement; White flesh; Adaptation.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-29452020000400801

Genetic analysis of whole mitochondrial genome of Lateolabrax maculatus (Perciformes: Moronidae) indicates the presence of two populations along the Chinese coast
Provedor de dados: 103
Autores: Gong,Jie; Chen,Baohua; Li,Bijun; Zhou,Zhixiong; Shi,Yue; Ke,Qiaozhen; Zhang,Dianchang; Xu,Peng.
ABSTRACT The whole mitochondrial genome of Lateolabrax maculatus (Cuvier, 1828) was used to investigate the reasons for the observed patterns of genetic differentiation among 12 populations in northern and southern China. The haplotype diversity and nucleotide diversity of L. maculatus were 0.998 and 0.00169, respectively. Pairwise FST values between populations ranged from 0.001 to 0.429, correlating positively with geographic distance. Genetic structure analysis and haplotype network analysis indicated that these populations were split into two groups, in agreement with geographic segregation and environment. Tajima’s D values, Fu’s Fs tests and Bayesian skyline plot (BSP) indicated that a demographic expansion event may have occurred in the history of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Genetic differentiation; Selection.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-46702020000100314

Qualification of the adaptive capacities of livestock farming systems
Provedor de dados: 96
Autores: Dedieu,Benoît.
This paper aims at exploring what is covered by « adapting to last » with a farming systems approach. Long term dynamics can be analysed as adaptive cycles, the system being permanently exposed to disturbances and shocks. Mobilizing the concept of resilience, we analyse the factors that differentiate the principles for long term action the livestock farmers have, principles which give consistency to the family - farms trajectories. With the concept of operational flexibilty, we qualify the sources of flexibility the livestock farmers maintain to cope with hazards. They are internal, related to the production process regulation properties, to the technical (adaptive or rigid) specifications, to the sales policies, or external related to the information and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Flexibility; Livestock farming systems; Resilience; Room for manoeuvre; System regulations.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982009001300039

Anual variation of morphologic traits and hair coat surface temperature of Holstein cows in semi-arid environment
Provedor de dados: 96
Autores: Façanha,Débora Andréa Evangelista; Silva,Roberto Gomes da; Maia,Alex Sandro Campos; Guilhermino,Magda Maria; Vasconcelos,Angela Maria de.
This work aimed to study the annual variation of temperature of the coat surface and other traits of coat in Holstein cows managed in a tropical environment by separately considering black coat and white coat. It was measured the coat thickness (mm) characteristic, hair length (mm), hair number (hair/cm²) and coat surface temperature on 191 crossbred cows with 7/8 and 31/32 Holstein composition distributed in 3 herds in a semi-arid environment. Less dense coats with shorter, flattened hair occurred predominantly in March, a time coinciding to high levels of solar radiation. This type of coat shows low resistance to the flux of latent and sensitive heat through the skin, thus favoring heat loss. The black coat surface temperature was on average 4ºC higher...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Dairy cattle; Hair coat; Tropical environment.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982010000400020

Prosopis tamarugo Phil.: a native tree from the Atacama Desert groundwater table depth thresholds for conservation
Provedor de dados: 97
Autores: Calderon,Gabriela; Garrido,Marco; Acevedo,Edmundo.
Prosopis tamarugo Phil. is a legume tree native to the Atacama Desert, Chile. Tamarugo has physiological characteristics that are highly adapted to extreme life conditions in the Pampa del Tamarugal. Null precipitation makes tamarugo completely dependent on groundwater, developing in areas where the groundwater depth is closest to the surface. Groundwater extraction for domestic consumption, mining, and agriculture affects the desert ecosystem by lowering the water table. Measuring and describing the impacts on vegetation through the monitoring of physiological variables along with groundwater depletion in salt flats where extraction wells are located has contributed to a better understanding of tamarugo response to this stress factor. Integrated variables...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Native tree; Adaptation; Ground water exploitation; Ground water depth; Physiological mechanisms; Thresholds for conservation.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-078X2015000100018

An evolutionary frame of work to study physiological adaptation to high altitudes
Provedor de dados: 97
Autores: REZENDE,ENRICO L.; GOMES,FERNANDO R.; GHALAMBOR,CAMERON K.; RUSSELL,GREGORY A.; CHAPPELLl,MARK A.
How complex physiological systems evolve is one of the major questions in evolutionary physiology. For example, how traits interact at the physiological and genetic level, what are the roles of development and plasticity in Darwinian evolution, and eventually how physiological traits will evolve, remains poorly understood. In this article we summarize the current frame of work evolutionary physiologists are employing to study the evolution of physiological adaptations, as well as the role of developmental and reversible phenotypic plasticity in this context. We also highlight representative examples of how the integration of evolutionary and developmental physiology, concomitantly with the mechanistic understanding of physiological systems, can provide a...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Evolutionary processes; Natural selection; Life-history; Oxygen availability; Phenotypic plasticity.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-078X2005000200016

Climate change and adaptive strategies in Brazil: the economic effects of genetic breeding
Provedor de dados: 123
Autores: Pires,Marcel Viana; Cunha,Dênis Antônio da.
Plant breeding through the development of seeds resistant to water stress or high temperature is an important adaptive strategy to cope climate change. In this way, by providing an analysis of adaptation to climate change using genetic breeding on Brazilian farms, this work aims to investigate how climate change will affect the adoption of genetic breeding and profitability of farmers. Temperature and rainfall projections for 2010-2099 time periods were used, considering different climate scenarios (A1B and A2), according to the 4th Assessment Report of IPCC (2007). A Treatment Effects model outlines the analytical framework in this study. Our results indicate the probability of adopting transgenic seeds will grow from 74% in the current period to 86% in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Adaptation; Breeding; Seeds; Drought; Heat.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-20032014000400001

Determinants of oil palm smallholder farmers’ adaptation strategy to climate change in Bengkulu, Indonesia
Provedor de dados: 123
Autores: Irawan,Andi; Syakir,Muhammad.
Abstract Bengkulu is one of 10 provinces in Indonesia, which became a center of oil palm production. The aim of the study is to define how the determinant factors influence the oil palm smallholder farmer’s adaptation strategies on climate change in Bengkulu Province, Indonesia. Binary logistic regression method was employed to clarify the independent variables that influence farmers’ strategy adapted to climate change. Farmer experience and their household expenditure have the positive and significant effect on cropping diversification, while oil palm price has a positive influence in using land clearing without slash and burning. The factors that most influence the farmers' adaptation to climate change are farmer’s cooperation membership and membership...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Oil palm; Indonesia; Logit model.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-20032019000300428

Half a century of studying adaptability and stability in maize and soybean in Brazil
Provedor de dados: 63
Autores: Rezende,Wender Santos; Cruz,Cosme Damião; Borém,Aluízio; Rosado,Renato Domiciano Silva.
ABSTRACT: The study of adaptability and stability underlies the cultivar recommendation process for all crops. There is a considerable number of statistical methods available for this purpose, but little is known about their actual adoption by the Brazilian scientific community. The objective of this study was to carry out a systematic review of the scientific literature on the adaptability and stability methods used in maize and soybean in Brazil from scientific articles published between 1970 and 2017 in Brazilian journals. Article searches were carried out in journals indexed through the SciELO database. The articles were classified according to the year of publication and the adaptability and stability methods used. We also evaluated the pattern of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Zea mays L.; Glycine max (L.) Merril; Genotype × environment interaction; Adaptation; Cultivar recommendation.
Ano: 2021
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162021000300501

Physiological limits and the role of plant type and varietal adaptation
Provedor de dados: 106
Autores: Palmer, A.F.E.
Palavras-chave: Corn; Maize; Physiology; Plant type; Adaptation; ข้าวโพด; สรีรวิทยา; การปรับตัว.
Ano: 1972
URL: http://anchan.lib.ku.ac.th/agnet/handle/001/3914

ข้าวสายพันธุ์ดีเด่น KLG02008-19-2-4-3
Provedor de dados: 106
Autores: Krishnapong Sripongpankul; Prakobkit Dangthaisong; Kemporn Petcharaporn; Benjapol Luad-Ngern; Kasem Suntrajarn; Kunya Cheaupun; Sunanta Wongpiyachon; Supaporn Chanbuathong; Nittaya Ruensuk; Wasana Phanpeng; Adul Krisawadee; Chawalit Handee; Sunantha Muenpol; Wacharee Sukviwat; Apichart Lawanprasert; Suphavinee Songto; Opas Worawas; Kanchana Klakhaeng; Bang-orn Dhammasamisorn; Chalermchat Luechaikham; Amornrat In-man; Satit Thayapat; Surin Tritilanon; Prinya Chinoros; Prachack Leangbamrong; Peera Dungsoongnern; Udompan Promnart; Rueanrudee Khaewchueanchai; Suniyom Taprab; Kingkhaew Khunkhet; Anchalee Prasertsak.
KLG02008-19-2-4-3, an promising non-glutinous, non-photoperiod sensitive rice line had been derived from a cross of KLG96001-3-1-2 and SPR90. The improved rice had been developed through the conventional breeding and selection method. The single cross hybridization had been made in 2002 at Klongluang Rice Research Center. An promising line has an erect and moderately strong clum with about 120 centimeters for transplanting and about 112 centimeters for seed broadcasting, 118 days maturity for transplanting and 114 days for seed broadcasting. Its grain yielding potential is up to 1,052 kilograms per rai or more under suitably good fertilizer and cultural practice. The interstation yield trail in wet season 2010 obtained and average grain yield of...
Tipo: PhysicalObject
Palavras-chave: Promising rice line; Non-photoperiod sensitive rice; High yield rice variety; Adaptation; High yielding rice; Photoperiod insensitive rice; ข้าวสายพันธุ์ดีเด่น; ข้าวไม่ไวต่อช่วงแสง; พันธุ์ข้าวผลผลิตสูง; การปรับตัวของข้าว; ผลผลิต; ลักษณะทางการเกษตร.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://anchan.lib.ku.ac.th/agnet/handle/001/5223

การเพิ่มขีดความสามารถในการปรับตัวของเกษตรกรต่อการเปลี่ยนแปลงสภาพภูมิอากาศในระบบการผลิตข้าวนาน้ำฝนอย่างยั่งยืนในภาคตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือ
Provedor de dados: 106
Autores: Sommai Lertna.
The purposes of this project were to evaluate situation of climate change and its impact on rainfed lowland rice production in Northeastern region, farmers’ adaptation, their selfsubsistance and learning process in order to develop sustainable production system, farmer group network and dissemination process among the network. This present paper reported the progress results for year 2013 wet season which conducted at 16 sites. Results from wet season 2012 showed that there was severe variation of rainfalling in early season which caused unpredictable start of growing season. This leaded to delayed in planting, particularly transplanting which found to be from July to September. Thus, our work on wet season 2013 emphasised on predicting of optimum planting...
Tipo: PhysicalObject
Palavras-chave: Rainfed lowland rice; Climate change; Adaptation; Participation; Strengthening; Knowledge exchange; Northeastern; ข้าว; การเปลี่ยนแปลงของภูมิอากาศ; เกษตรกร; การผลิตข้าว; นาน้ำฝน; การปรับตัวของเกษตรกร; การพึ่งตนเอง; การมีส่วนร่วม; การแลกเปลี่ยนเรียนรู้; การพัฒนาขีดความสามารถ; ภาคตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือ.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://anchan.lib.ku.ac.th/agnet/handle/001/5660

การปรับตัวของเกษตรกรในการผลิตข้าวนาน้ำฝนภาคตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือตอนบน ภายใต้สภาวะการเปลี่ยนแปลงของภูมิอากาศ
Provedor de dados: 106
Autores: Patcharaporn Rakchum; Chana Srisompan; Sommai Lertna; Boonrat Jongdee.
Variable climatic conditions affect rice production and also farmer livelihood, particularly rainfed lowland rice in northeast Thailand. The results showed that there was variation in distribution and amount of rainfall. Therefore, start and end of growing seasons were unpredictable. The objectives of this study were to test rice varieties in farmer fields under different climatic conditions and paddy positions and farmers’ acceptance and adoption of introduced rice varieties. Field experiments were conducted in three locations: Sakon Nakhon Bueng Kan and Nong Bua Lam Phu provinces and compared at three different planting dates. Total of six and eight rice varieties were used in 2013 and 2014, respectively. Results showed that grain yields on late planting...
Tipo: Collection
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Rice production Climatic change Rainedfed area Cost of production Northeastern การปรับตัว ระบบการผลิตข้าว การเปลี่ยนแปลงภูมิอากาศ เขตนาน้ำฝน ต้นทุนการผลิต ภาคตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือ.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://anchan.lib.ku.ac.th/agnet/handle/001/5871

Snakes preying on bats: new records from Brazil and a review of recorded cases in the Neotropical Region
Provedor de dados: 104
Autores: Esbérard,Carlos E. L.; Vrcibradic,Davor.
Predation on bats by snakes is relatively infrequently reported in the literature, though it may actually not be an uncommon phenomenon, since bat colonies represent a potential concentration of food for many medium-sized or large snakes. Herein we describe four events of bat predation by snakes and present a review of predation records of snakes on bats in the Neotropics compiled from the literature. A total of 20 species of snakes have been recorded so far as predators of bats in the New World tropics, with boiids being represented by the greatest number of cases. Due to the semi-arboreal habits of most of its species, their large size and their usual preference for mammalian prey, the Boiidae are probably the main reptilian predators of bats in the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Boidae; Colubridae; Feeding habits; Predation.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-81752007000300036

Respiratory characteristics of Hoplostenum littorale (Siluriformes, Callichthyidae)
Provedor de dados: 36
Autores: AFFONSO,Elizabeth Gusmão.
Hematological parameters, intraerythrocytic phosphates, hemoglobin, and whole blood Bohr effect of the South American armored catfish Hoplostenum littorale were studied during different seasons of the year. In addition, the degree of dependence on air breathing was determined for this species. The hematological parameters presented seasonal variations, which were not correlated to oxygen, temperature, and water level oscillations. Five anodic hemoglobin fractions were detected in starch gel electrophoresis. In addition to ATP, GTP and Fe-GTP being detected, 2,3-DPG was also detected in red blood cells of H. littorale. The latter is an intraerythrocytic phosphate characteristic to red blood cells of mammalians. The increased production of 2,3-DPG could be...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Air-breathing behavior; Hematology; Intraerythrocytic phosphate; Blood Bohr effect.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672001000200249

Assessment of climate change impacts on water resources of the Purus Basin in the southwestern Amazon
Provedor de dados: 36
Autores: DALAGNOL,Ricardo; BORMA,Laura de Simone; MATEUS,Pedro; RODRIGUEZ,Daniel Andres.
ABSTRACT Knowledge about water resources is critical for climate adaptation in face of long-term changes and more frequent extreme events occurrence. During the major droughts of 2005 and 2010, a large epicenter was located in the southwestern Amazon over the Purus River Basin. In this sense, we conducted a hydrological simulation in this basin to assess the climate change impacts on its water resources throughout the 21st century. The water balance was simulated using the Distributed Hydrological Model (MHD-INPE). The future climate projections were simulated by the regional ETA-INPE model driven by a 4-member HadCM3 global model regarding the A1B-AR4/IPCC scenario of greenhouse gases emissions. As simulated by the ETA-INPE/HadCM3, the 4-members mean...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Hydrologic modeling; Adaptation.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672017000300213

BIOCHEMICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF OIL PALM INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDS (Elaeis oleifera x Elaeis guineensis) GROWN IN HYDROPONICS
Provedor de dados: 37
Autores: RIVERA MÉNDEZ,YURANY DAYANNA; MORENO CHACÓN,ANDRÉS LEONARDO; ROMERO,HERNÁN MAURICIO.
The interspecific hybrid, Elaeis oleifera x Elaeis guineensis (OxG) is an alternative for improving the competitiveness and sustainability of the Latin American oil palm agro-industry, because of its partial resistance to some lethal diseases and also because of the high quality of its oil. A comparative characterization was conducted of the physiological and biochemical performance of seedlings of six OxG hybrids grown in hydroponics. Gas exchange, vegetative growth, protein, sugar and photosynthetic pigment content, and antioxidant system activity were determined. With the exception of gas exchange, the other variables showed significant differences between materials. The ´U1273´ and ´U1737´ materials showed greater vegetative growth with no expression...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Growth; Nutrient solution; Plant breeding; Stress.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0120-548X2013000300005

Effects of climate change on irrigation adoption in Brazil
Provedor de dados: 1
Autores: Cunha, Dênis Antônio da; Universidade Federal de Viçosa; Coelho, Alexandre Bragança; Universidade Federal de Viçosa; Féres, José Gustavo; Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada; Braga, Marcelo José; Universidade Federal de Viçosa.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4025/actasciagron.v36i1.15375The aim of this paper is to analyse the effects of climate change on irrigation adoption in Brazil. Temperature and precipitation projections for the 2010-2099 periods were employed under a number of different climate scenarios according the 4th Assessment Report of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The results show that irrigation adoption will be affected by climate change. Given current conditions, irrigation has generally been adopted in Brazil to cope with reduced precipitation and temperature variations. The estimated irrigation probabilities in the future scenarios were quite different across Brazilian regions. The main explanation for this pattern is the distinct climatic conditions...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: 5.00.00.00-4; 5.03.02.01-9 climatic variability; Adaptation; Irrigated farming Ciências Agrárias; Irrigação; Clima.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAgron/article/view/15375

Heat tolerance index, food intake and weight gain of Santa Ines sheep in the agreste region of Pernambuco State, Brazil - doi: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v35i3.18466
Provedor de dados: 2
Autores: Silva Filho, Florisval Protásio; Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco; Azevedo, Marcílio de; Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco; Costa, Lígia Alexandrina Barros da; Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco; Lana, Ângela Maria Quintão; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Ferreira, Marcelo de Andrade; Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco; Batista, Ângela Maria Vieira; Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco.
This study evaluated the influence of coat color on the heat tolerance and performance of 21 Santa Inês lambs, non-pregnant, non-lactating, seven animals of each coat color: black, brown and white, with an average initial weight of 25.71, 24.85 and 25.00 kg, for white, brown and black animals, respectively, and 12 months of age. The study was conducted during summer in the agreste region of Pernambuco   State, Brazil. Twenty-one sheeps were assigned to a completely randomized design with three treatments and seven replicates. The heat tolerance index and the animal performance were evaluated once a week for eight weeks. White sheep were slightly superior in heat tolerance to brown and black sheep, 88.3, 85.5 and 86.6 respectively, but this was not...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Bioclimatology; Climate; Heat stress.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAnimSci/article/view/18466

An overview of the 2017 report of the French academy of Sciences on biodiversity
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: LAVOREL,SANDRA; LEBRETON,JEAN-DOMINIQUE; MAHO,YVON LE.
Abstract: In the present context of concerns for biodiversity, the French Academy of Sciences produced in 2017 a report entitled “Mechanisms of adaptation of biodiversity to climate change and their limits”. We briefly review here the production process and structure of the report, and summarize its conclusions and recommendations. The conclusions emphasize the role of habitat fragmentation in the expected impact of climate change on biodiversity, in particular for organisms with limited dispersal abilities, and the disparities in species responses which must be taken to understand the future of species assemblages (“communities”) under different scenarios of climate change. The recommendations cover the organization of biodiversity research and monitoring...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; Climate change; Global change; Adaptation.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652019000600612

Phenotypic plasticity of Neonotonia wightii and Pueraria phaseoloidesgrown under different light intensities
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: SANTOS,LEONARDO D.T.; CRUZ,LEANDRO R. DA; SANTOS,SAMUEL A. DOS; SANT'ANNA-SANTOS,BRUNO F.; SANTOS,IZABELA T. DOS; OLIVEIRA,ARIANE M. DE; BARROS,RODRIGO E.; SANTOS,MÁRCIA V.; FARIA,RODRIGO M.
Plants have the ability to undergo morphophysiological changes based on availability of light. The present study evaluated biomass accumulation, leaf morphoanatomy and physiology of Neonotonia wightii andPueraria phaseoloides grown in full sunlight, as well as in 30% and 50% shade. Two assays were performed, one for each species, using a randomized block design with 10 replicates. A higher accumulation of fresh mass in the shoot of the plants was observed for both species under cultivation in 50% shade, while no differences were detected between the full sunlight and 30% shade. N. wightii and P. phaseoloides showed increase in area and reduction in thickness leaf when cultivated in 50% shade. There were no changes in photosynthetic rate, stomatal...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Fabaceae; Morphophysiology; Shading.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652015000100519

Evolution of acoustic communication in crickets: phylogeny of Eneopterinae reveals an adaptive radiation involving high-frequency calling (Orthoptera, Grylloidea, Eneopteridae)
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: Robillard,Tony; Desutter-Grandcolas,Laure.
Evolution of dominant frequencies in songs of Eneopterinae crickets was studied with respect to phylogeny. Two characters are optimized on the tree: the first describes the frequency resulting from the vibration of the harp (Fda), and the second is due to the vibration of other tegminal areas (Fdb). Fda was found to be relatively stable through the subfamily. Its low ancestral state is replaced by a high Fda only once, resulting in high-frequency calling in [Cardiodactylus (Lebinthus-Agnotecous)]. A high Fdb component is added to the low ancestral Fda in Eneoptera guyanensis, resulting in frequency modulation. The onset of high Fd in this first subclade is accompanied by a high cladogenesis rate, which supports a hypothesis of adaptive radiation for high...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Acoustic communication; Adaptation; Cladogenesis; Ensifera; Evolutionary pattern; Phylogeny.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652004000200018

Glycolysis and gluconeogenesis in the liver of catfish fed with different concentrations of proteins, lipids and carbohydrates
Provedor de dados: 45
Autores: Melo,J.F.B.; Lundstedt,L. M; Inoue,L.A.K.; Metón,I.; Baanante,I.V.; Moraes,G.
ABSTRACT The activities of enzymes from a number of metabolic pathways have been used as a tool to evaluate the best use of nutrients on fish performance. In the present study the catfish Rhamdia quelen was fed with diets containing crude protein-lipid-carbohydrate (%) as follows: treatment (T) T1: 19-19-44; T2: 26-15-39; T3: 33-12-33; and T4: 40-10-24. The fish were held in tanks of re-circulated, filtered water with controlled temperature and aeration in 2000L experimental units. The feeding experiment lasted 30 days. The following enzymes of the carbohydrate metabolism were determined: Glucokinase (GK), Phosphofructokinase 1 (PFK-1), Pyruvate kinase (PK), Fructose-1,6-biphosphatase 1 (FBP-1). The activities of 6 phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGDH)...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Metabolism; Enzymes; Nutrition; Adaptation.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352016000501251

Are levels of digestive enzyme activity related to the natural diet in passerine birds?
Provedor de dados: 48
Autores: Ramírez-Otárola,Natalia; Sabat,Pablo.
Digestive capabilities, such as the rates nutrient hydrolysis and absorption, may affect energy intake and ultimately feeding behavior. In birds, a high diversity in gut biochemical capabilities seems to support the existence of a correlation between the morphology and physiology of the intestinal tract and chemical features of the natural diet. However, studies correlating the activity of digestive enzymes and the feeding habits at an evolutionary scale are scarce. We investigated the effect of dietary habits on the digestive physiological characteristics of eight species of passerine birds from Central Chile. The Order Passeriformes is a speciose group with a broad dietary spectrum that includes omnivorous, granivorous and insectivorous species. We...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Birds; Diet; Intestinal enzymes; Passeriformes; Food habits; Adaptation.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602011000100011

DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA MORFOLOGÍA DENTAL Y DEL HÁBITO ALIMENTARIO DEL BESOTE JOTURUS PICHARDI (MUGILIFORMES: MUGILIDAE)
Provedor de dados: 50
Autores: Correa Polo,Francisco; Eslava Eljaiek,Pedro; Martínez P.,Carlos; Narváez Barandica,Juan Carlos.
The dental morphology of J. pichardi and its relation to dietary habits is described for the first time. This mugilid inhabits the torrential rivers of short course in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, that quickly lead into the Caribbean Sea. Joturus pichardi has heterodont dentition, with different forms that vary according to the tooth containing structure. The observed tooth structure is typical of omnivorous fishes, and consistent with the structure and composition of the diet analyzed. The latter was found dominated by mosses and aquatic macro invertebrates, mainly Chironomidae, a family of Diptera.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/report
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Morphology; Mugilid; Fishes; Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0122-97612012000200011

Budbreak induction in kiwifruit vines cultivated in an organic system by the biological method of single node cutting
Provedor de dados: 53
Autores: Santos,Rodrigo Fernandes dos; Marques,Léo Omar Duarte; Mello-Farias,Paulo; Martins,Carlos Roberto; Konzen,Luis Henrique; Carvalho,Ivan Ricardo; Malgarim,Marcelo Barbosa.
ABSTRACT Kiwifruit vines are an alternative approach to diversify Brazilian fruit farming because of the low supply and increase in the demand for their fruits. Hydrogenated cyanamide, which is the most common rest-breaking agent, is highly toxic and its use is not allowed in organic production systems. This study aimed at evaluating the efficiency of alternative rest-breaking agents in kiwifruit vines by using the biological method of single node cutting. Twigs of the cultivar Bruno were collected in an organic orchard in Pelotas, a city located in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. Seven-centimeter-long cuts with a single shoot at the ends were segmented. Cuttings were placed on plastic trays with phenolic foam and soaked in water, at 85% relative humidity...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Actinidia deliciosa; Sustainability; Ecophysiology; Adaptation; Mild winter.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0006-87052020005004201

Longer crop cycle lengths could offset the negative effects of climate change on Brazilian maize
Provedor de dados: 53
Autores: Souza,Tamires Teles de; Antolin,Luís Alberto Silva; Bianchini,Vitor de Jesus Martins; Pereira,Rodolfo Armando de Almeida; Silva,Evandro Henrique Figueiredo Moura; Marin,Fábio Ricardo.
ABSTRACT Maize (Zea mays) is considered one of the most important crops for world food security. Globally, Brazil is the second largest maize producer and the fourth largest maize consumer. The climate variables is one of the main determining factors for crop yield. Given the possibility of future climate changes, our objective was to evaluate the impact of climate change on maize crop growth and development, assessed strategies to cope with the future crop andto quantify the impacts on various producing regions of Brazil. The DSSAT/CERES-Maize model was calibrated with field data and then used to simulate current and six future climate scenarios, according to the AgMIP protocols. We selected three regional climate circulation models (GCMs) and two...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Crop modelling; Food security; Adaptation; Zea mays.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0006-87052019000400622

Morphometrics and adaptatives aspects in africanized honeybees (Apis mellifera)
Provedor de dados: 57
Autores: OLIVEIRA-JR,W. P.; BRANDEBURGO,M. A. M.; MARCOLINO,M. T.
The introduction of the African bees (Apis mellifera scutelata) in Brazil and their expansion in the American Continent created the opportunity to study the process of species adaptation in a new environment. In that process, within intra-specific variability, normalising selection can favour individuals that present a better adaptative morphology and they will constitute the most frequent type found in the population. To test that hypothesis morphometric analyses in samples of colonies of africanized bees and in samples of the populations were performed. The development of the colonies was also evaluated in terms of the amount of their brood, honey and pollen. Analysis of the data indicates that more developed colonies are formed by individuals closer to...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Africanized honeybees; Adaptation; Morphologic characters.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-71082000000200015

Influence of season and pollution on the antioxidant defenses of the cichlid fish acará (Geophagus brasiliensis)
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Wilhelm Filho,D.; Torres,M.A.; Tribess,T.B.; Pedrosa,R.C.; Soares,C.H.L.
The livers of Geophagus brasiliensis collected from both a non-polluted site and a polluted site were analyzed for different antioxidant defenses, O2 consumption, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS) levels, and histological damage. Compared to controls (116.6 ± 26.1 nmol g-1), TBARS levels were enhanced at the polluted site (284.2 ± 25.6 nmol g-1), as also was oxygen consumption (86.6 ± 11.3 and 128.5 ± 9.8 µmol O2 min-1 g-1, respectively). With respect to enzymatic antioxidants, increased catalase activities (8.7 ± 1.3 and 29.2 ± 2.4 mmol min-1 g-1, respectively), unchanged superoxide dismutase activities (767.2 ± 113.3 and 563.3 ± 70.2 U g-1, respectively), and diminished glutathione S-transferase activities (29.0 ± 3.2 and 14.9 ± 3.2 µmol...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Oxyradicals; Antioxidant defenses; Fish; Acará; Season; Pollution; Adaptation.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2001000600004

Karyological, biochemical, and physiological aspects of Callophysus macropterus (Siluriformes, Pimelodidae) from the Solimões and Negro Rivers (Central Amazon)
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Ramirez-Gil,H.; Feldberg,E.; Almeida-Val,V.M.F.; Val,A.L.
Karyological characteristics, i.e., diploid number, chromosome morphology and nucleolus organizer regions (NORs), biochemical characteristics, i.e., electrophoretic analysis of blood hemoglobin and the tissue enzymes lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), and phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI), and physiological characteristics, i.e., relative concentration of hemoglobin and intraerythrocytic concentrations of organic phosphates were analyzed for the species Callophysus macropterus collected from Marchantaria Island (white water system - Solimões River) and Anavilhanas Archipelago (black water system - Negro River). Karyological and biochemical data did not reveal significant differences between specimens...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Callophysus; Fish; Amazon; Population genetics; Adaptation.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1998001100014

Inactivation of phoPQ genes attenuates Salmonella Gallinarum biovar Gallinarum to susceptible chickens
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Alves,Lucas Bocchini Rodrigues; Freitas Neto,Oliveiro Caetano de; Batista,Diego Felipe Alves; Barbosa,Fernanda de Oliveira; Rubio,Marcela da Silva; Souza,Andrei Itajahy Secundo de; Almeida,Adriana Maria de; Barrow,Paul Andrew; Berchieri Junior,Angelo.
Abstract Salmonella Gallinarum is a host-restrict pathogen that causes fowl typhoid, a severe systemic disease that is one of the major concerns to the poultry industry worldwide. When infecting the bird, SG makes use of evasion mechanisms to survive and to replicate within macrophages. In this context, phoPQ genes encode a two-component regulatory system (PhoPQ) that regulates virulence genes responsible for adaptation of Salmonella spp. to antimicrobial factors such as low pH, antimicrobial peptides and deprivation of bivalent cations. The role of the mentioned genes to SG remains to be investigated. In the present study a phoPQ-depleted SG strain (SG ΔphoPQ) was constructed and its virulence assessed in twenty-day-old laying hens susceptible to fowl...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Mutation; Virulence; Fowl typhoid; Adaptation; Chickens.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822018000300601

Habituation of enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus to Origanum vulgare L. essential oil does not induce direct-tolerance and cross-tolerance to salts and organic acids
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Tavares,Adassa Gama; Monte,Daniel Farias Marinho do; Albuquerque,Allan dos Reis; Sampaio,Fábio Correia; Magnani,Marciane; Siqueira Júnior,José Pinto de; Souza,Evandro Leite de.
Enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus strains that were isolated from foods were investigated for their ability to develop direct-tolerance and cross-tolerance to sodium chloride (NaCl), potassium chloride (KCl), lactic acid (LA) and acetic acid (AA) after habituation in sublethal amounts (1/2 of the minimum inhibitory concentration - 1/2 MIC and 1/4 of the minimum inhibitory concentration - 1/4 MIC) of Origanum vulgare L. essential oil (OVEO). The habituation of S. aureus to 1/2 MIC and 1/4 MIC of OVEO did not induce direct-tolerance or cross-tolerance in the tested strains, as assessed by modulation of MIC values. Otherwise, exposing the strains to OVEO at sublethal concentrations maintained or increased the sensitivity of the cells to the tested...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Staphylococcus; Adaptation; Essential oil; Oregano.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822015000300835

Plant-insect interactions: an evolutionary arms race between two distinct defense mechanisms
Provedor de dados: 61
Autores: Mello,Marcia O.; Silva-Filho,Marcio C.
In this review, plant-insect interaction is discussed as a dynamic system, subjected to continual variation and change. Plants developed different mechanisms to reduce insect attack, including specific responses that activate different metabolic pathways which considerably alter their chemical and physical aspects. On the other hand, insects developed several strategies to overcome plant defense barriers, allowing them to feed, grow and reproduce on their host plants. This review foccuses on several aspects of this complex interaction between plants and insects, including chemical-derived substances, protein-derived molecules and volatile compounds of plants whereas metabolization, sequestration or avoidance are in turn employed by the insects.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Co-evolution; Herbivory.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202002000200001

Cd-tolerance markers of Pfaffia glomerata (Spreng.) Pedersen plants: anatomical and physiological features
Provedor de dados: 61
Autores: Gomes,Marcelo Pedrosa; Marques,Teresa Cristina Lara Lanza Sa e Melo; Martins,Giordane Augusto; Carneiro,Marília Mercia Lima Carvalho; Soares,Ângela Maria.
Physiological and anatomical features of Cd-tolerance in Pfaffia glomerata were examined by exposing plantlets to nutrient solutions with increasing Cd concentrations (0, 15, 45, and 90 µmol Cd L-1), and possible Cd-tolerance markers were established. Cd contents were found to be higher in roots than in shoots. According to the bio-concentration factor data, this species is effectively a Cd-hyperaccumulator, as previously attested. Cd induced the appearance of xeromorphic characteristics in leaves (decreased water potential, increased numbers and decreased stomata size) and increased root endodermis thickness. The enzymatic antioxidant systems of roots and leaves were differently affected by Cd. The coordinated activities of antioxidant enzymes were...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Cd-oxidative damage; Phytoextraction; Tolerance.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202012000400008

Adaptation and Genotype x Environment Interaction of Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) Genotypes in South Central Chile
Provedor de dados: 117
Autores: Berti,Marisol; Fischer,Susana; Wilckens,Rosemarie; Hevia,Felicitas; Johnson,Burton.
Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) is imported into Chile mostly for bread making and feed. Identification of genotypes best adapted for seed production in South Central Chile would facilitate producer’s decision. The objective of this study was to determine the adaptation and genotype x environment interaction of 16 flaxseed genotypes (including 10 from North American and six from Argentine sources) grown at 11 environments (defined as location-year) in Chile from 2003 to 2007. Genotype seed yield was above 5700 kg ha-1 for some environments indicating a high yield potential. According to the AMMI (Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction) and SREG (Sites regression) models the 11 environments were classified into four groups by the AMMI and...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Genotype; Seed yield; Oil content; Linolenic acid.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392010000300001

Productivity and drought tolerance of cassava cultivars in the Coastal Tablelands of Northeastern Brazil
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Carvalho,Luciana Marques de; Carvalho,Hélio Wilson Lemos de; Oliveira,Ivênio Rubens de; Rangel,Marco Antônio Sedrez; Santos,Vanderlei da Silva.
ABSTRACT: Ten cassava cultivars were grown in the field and evaluated to identify the most adapted to the Coastal Tablelands of northeast Brazil. The cultivars showed differences in proline and chlorophyll contents, plant height, number of leaves and branches, canopy area and root production, however they did not differ on photosynthetic rates. Cultivars 'Tianguá' and '9783-13' presented lower root yield, whereas 'BRS Tapioqueira' and 'Irará' had the highest root yield. Few leaves coupled with the highest water use efficiency for CO2 assimilation was found in 'BRS Kiriris' in contrast to 'BRS Jarina' and '9783-13'. 'BRS Caipira' had high proline content in both Umbaúba and Frei Paulo areas, traits usually associated to drought tolerance, that contribute to...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Manihot esculenta; Adaptation; Osmotic adjustment; Photosynthesis; Chlorophyll.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782016000500796

Silvicultural performance of forest species introduced in integrated livestock forest system in Lavras, MG, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Nieri,Erick Martins; Macedo,Renato Luiz Grisi; Venturin,Nelson; Venturin,Regis Pereira; Pinto Júnior,José Alvim; Melo,Lucas Amaral de.
ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate the silvicultural performance of four forest species introduced in a setting for integrated livestock forest (ILF) in a pasture in Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The species included were the Australian red cedar (seminal and clonal), African mahogany, teak, and guanandi. A split plot scheme with a randomized complete block design comprising four replicates and 48 plants per plot, was used in the following arrangement: (3(3x2) +7x2) m. The evaluation times (12, 18, 31, 36, and 43 months after planting) corresponded to the subplots. Performances of all four species were evaluated on the basis of their survival rate, height (H) and diameter at breast height (DBH). Based on the performance of the species...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Species testing; Introduction of species.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782017001200301