Consulta: subjectFacets:"Ammonia"
Registros recuperados: 67
Data/hora: 13/06/2024 03:34:30

Impact from a cattle waste lagoon rupture on a downstream fish farm: a case study
Provedor de dados: 67
Autores: De la Torre,Ana; Domínguez,Lucas; González,Miguel; Aguayo,Sonia; Carballo,Matilde; Muñoz,María Jesús.
A retrospective diagnosis of a massive fish mortality in an aquaculture facility was performed following a cattle waste effluent spill to a river used as source for the fish farm. The level of suspended solids and non-ionised ammonia (NH3) reaching the farm were estimated based on concentrations in the animal waste and the dilution factor in the river. The calculations indicate that both concentrations were higher in the fish farm after the leakage than the lethal concentrations reported in water quality criteria for freshwater fish. Therefore, these calculations tie the cattle waste leakage to the fish kills observed.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Diagnose; Rainbow trout kill; Ammonia; Suspended solids; Non ionised ammonia; Animal waste.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1667-782X2004000200005

HYDROPHOBIC MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGY FOR AMMONIA EXTRACTION FROM WASTEWATERS
Provedor de dados: 70
Autores: KUNZ,AIRTON; MUKHTAR,SAQIB.
ABSTRACT Total Ammoniacal Nitrogen - TAN (NH3 + NH4+) in wastewaters cause environmental degradation concerns due to their negative impacts on air, soil and water. Several technologies are available for TAN removal from the wastewaters. One emerging technology is the use of hydrophobic membrane as non-destructive NH3 extraction. In this paper the authors discuss the uses of gas permeable membrane (GPM) and its physicochemical characteristics that influence gas mass transfer rate, diffusion and recovery mechanisms of NH3 from liquid sources (e.g. animal wastewater). Several aspects of NH3 extraction from liquid manure and other TAN generation sources using GPM technology as well as its applicability for NH3 mitigation from liquid effluents and possible...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ammonia; Separation; Wastewater; Nutrient recovery.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-69162016000200377

Effect of a simulated heat wave in thermal and aerial environment broiler-rearing environment
Provedor de dados: 70
Autores: Vale,Marcos M. do; Moura,Daniella J. de; Nääs,Irenilza de A.; Curi,Thayla M. R. C.; Lima,Karla A. O.
ABSTRACT Global warming increases the occurrence of events such as extreme heat waves. Research on thermal and air conditions affecting broiler-rearing environment are important to evaluate the animal welfare under extreme heat aiming mitigation measures. This study aimed at evaluating the effect of a simulated heat wave, in a climatic chamber, on the thermal and air environment of 42-day-old broilers. One hundred and sixty broilers were housed and reared for 42 days in a climatic chamber; the animals were divided into eight pens. Heat wave simulation was performed on the 42nd day, the period of great impact and data sampling. The analyzed variables were room and litter temperatures, relative humidity, concentrations of oxygen, carbon monoxide and ammonia...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ammonia; Gas production; Animal welfare; Oxygen; Litter temperature.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-69162016000200271

Biological efficiency of Agaricus brasiliensis cultivated in compost with nitrogen concentrations
Provedor de dados: 75
Autores: Siqueira,Félix G de; Martos,Emerson T; Silva,Evânia Geralda da; Silva,Romildo da; Dias,Eustáquio S.
The production of compost is one of the most important steps for the cultivation of any species of mushroom. For the Agaricus species, this step is even more complex because it depends on the performance of different microorganisms that act on the substrate, turning it into selective compost that promotes the growth of the fungus to be cultivated. Among the various factors that affect the microbial activity, the initial concentration of nitrogen is considered one of the most important. Due to the lack of conclusive studies about that, the aim of this study was to evaluate the productivity and biological efficiency of Agaricus brasiliensis in compost prepared with different initial concentrations of nitrogen, according to the composting methodology and to...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Composting; Mushroom cultivation; Ammonia; Nitrogen concentration.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-05362011000200004

Amonização de palhadas e de forragens de baixa qualidade com uréia.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: GUIMARAES FILHO, C.; MIRANDA, D. B. de.
Beneficios da amonização, material que pode ser amonizado, como amonizar e como usar o material amonizado.
Tipo: Circular Técnica (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Uso; Amonização; Use.; Forragem; Palha; Resto de Cultura; Uréia.; Ammonia; Crop residues; Forage; Urea.; Straw.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/132195

Experimental evaluation of co-culture of juvenile sea cucumbers, Holothuria scabra (Jaeger), with juvenile blue shrimp, Litopenaeus stylirostris (Stimpson)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Purcell, S; Patrois, Jacques; Fraisse, N.
The co-culture of juvenile sea cucumber Holothuria scabra (Jaeger), or 'sandfish', with juvenile blue shrimp Litopenaeus stylirostris (Stimpson) was tested by growing groups in co-culture and monoculture for 3 weeks in tanks with enriched sand substratum. Feed was supplied on trays, accessible only to shrimp. Survival of shrimp and sandfish was high in all treatments (73-100%). Growth of shrimp did not differ between monoculture and co-culture, but sandfish grew significantly slower in co-culture (P=0.03), although their sand burying and surface foraging were apparently unaffected by shrimp (P=0.76). However, shrimp increased the levels of total ammonia-N in tanks, which related inversely with sandfish growth (P=0.04). Conversely, sandfish did not appear...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Burying behaviour; Ammonia; Sandfish; Holothurian; Polyculture.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-1356.pdf

Effect of chronic ammonia exposure on growth of European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) juveniles
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lemarie, Gilles; Dosdat, Antoine; Coves, Denis; Dutto, Gilbert; Gasset, Eric; Person, Jeannine.
Chronic effects of ammonia were studied in juvenile seabass, Dicentrarchus labrax (mean weight= 11 g), exposed for 63 days to eight stable ammonia concentrations, ranging from 0.24 to 0.90 mg l(-1) unionised ammonia nitrogen (UIA-N), respectively, from 6.1 to 22.3 mg l(-1) total ammonia nitrogen (TA-N). Temperature (21.8 degreesC), pH (8.0), salinity (37.0 ppt), and oxygen concentration (over 80% saturation at the outlet) were maintained constant. Fish were fed using a self-feeder device, and they were starved during the last 8 days. Mortality of 28.9 and 42.6% occur-red within the first 8 days at the two highest UIA-N concentrations, respectively, 0.90 and 0.88 mg l(-1). From days 0 to 55, a 1.8-fold increase in weight gain was observed under the 0.90-mg...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Plasma ammonia; Growth; Seabass; Chronic toxicity; Ammonia.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/publication-628.pdf

Effect of chronic exposure to ammonia on alterations of proteins and immunoglobulins in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) serum
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Coeurdacier, Jean-luc; Dutto, Gilbert.
The relationship between serum protein, immunoglobulin concentrations and protein molecular weight profile (PMWP) alterations of sea bass (131.3 +/- 4.3 g) reared in sea water with sublethal concentrations of ammonia was studied over two periods totalling 116 days. During the exposure period (62 days) the first group (group 1) lived in sea water with 0.204 mg.L-1 unionized ammonia nitrogen equivalent to 12 % of the lethal concentration for 50 % of a population exposed for 96 h to ammonia (96-h LC50), whilst the second group (group 2) lived in sea water with 0.340 mg.L-1 UIA-N equivalent to 20 % of the 96-h LC50 of ammonia. Then, the two groups were left for a recovery period (54 days) in the same water as the control group (group 0). The determination of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Dicentrarchus labrax; Fish culture; Proteins; Immunoglobulin; Sublethal toxicity; Ammonia; Dicentrarchus labrax; Poisson d'élevage; Protéine; Immunoglobuline; Toxicité sublétale; Ammoniaque.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1999/publication-858.pdf

Toxicity of ammonia to turbot juveniles: I. effects oil survival, growth and food utilisation
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Person-le Ruyet, Jeannine; Delbard, Christine; Chartois, Herve; Le Delliou, Herve.
Long-term effects of constant exogenous ammonia concentrations were investigated in two different batches of turbot juveniles (53 and 73 g) under controlled environmental and feeding conditions. Over the 84-day experiments, ambient un-ionized ammonia (UIA-N, NH3) concentrations were steady (coefficient of variation, 12-16 %) and water pH range was 7.88-7.99. Survival was maximum up to 0.33 mg.l(-1) UIA-N and at 0.73, 50 % mortalities were observed on day 52 (73 g) or day 77 (53 g). No-growth concentration was 0.73 mg.l(-1) UIA-N in the two groups and the 84-day lowest-observable-effect concentration range 0.14-0.33 mg.l(-1). In the most tolerant group (53 g), the 84-day no-observable-effect concentration was 0.14 mg.l(-1) UIA-N. The estimated 28-day...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Azote ammoniacal; Toxicité chronique; Taux de survie; Croissance; Alimentation; Ammonia; Chronic toxicity; Survival rate; Growth; Food efficiency; Psetta maxima.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00188/29882/28354.pdf

Comparison of brown trout (Salmo trutta) reared in fresh water and sea water to freshwater rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) .1. Growth and nitrogen balance
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Dosdat, Antoine; Metailler, Robert; Desbruyeres, Elisabeth; Huelvan, Christine.
Brown trout and rainbow trout (average weight 100 g) were reared in fresh water at 12 degrees C under the same conditions before transfer of brown trout to sea water, in order to compare nitrogen utilisation in the two species. Apparent protein digestibility (ADC), nitrogen (ammonia and urea) excretion, protein productive value (PPV) and actual observed nitro en mass balance were determined. Rainbow trout raised in fresh water had a higher growth rate (1.1 vs 0.8%. d(-1)), better food conversion ratio (0.7 vs 1.0), better ADC (91 vs 85%) and PPV (45 vs 35%) and lower ammonia excretion rates than brown trout reared in fresh water. Transferring brown trout to sea water induced lower PPV (30%) and ammonia and urea excretion. Salinity did not modify metabolic...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Truite commune; Truite arc-en-ciel; Excrétion; Ammoniaque; Urée; Digestibilité; Croissance; Rétention protéique; Rainbow trout; Brown trout; Excretion; Ammonia; Urea; Digestibility; Growth; Protein productive value.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00188/29885/28342.pdf

Effects of hypoxia and elevated ammonia concentration on the viability of red snapper embryos and early larvae
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bardon-albaret, Agnes; Saillant, Eric.
The effects of hypoxic conditions and elevated ammonia concentrations on the viability of embryos and newly hatched larvae of the red snapper (Lutjanus campechanus) were investigated. In all experiments, tested levels of hypoxia or ammonia concentrations were applied to embryos and unfed newly hatched larvae from three different spawns. Exposures began at 1 h post fertilization (pf) and lasted until all individuals in a group had expired. Survival rates were monitored daily in duplicates for each spawn in each treatment. Fertilized eggs exposed to 2 mg L− 1 dissolved oxygen (29% saturation) showed complete mortality before hatch while 81% of embryos in control groups (&gt; 85% saturation) hatched and subsequently maintained high survival until 5 days pf....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Lutjanus campechanus; Hypoxia; Ammonia; Egg quality; Stress; Water quality.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00321/43188/42735.pdf

Nitrate respiration and nitrification in estuarine sediments.
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Herbert, R.
Seasonal data and depth profiles using super(15)N-labelled NO sub(3)u- show that denitrification (77-90% of NO sub(3)u- respired) rather than NO sub(3)u- dissimilation to NH sub(4)u+ was the principal route of nitrate reduction in Kingoodie Bay sediments. Populations of both groups of NO sub(3)u- reducing bacteria were highest in the 0-20 mm horizon in those sediments where highest rates of NO sub(3)u- respiration were recorded (28.56 mu g N.d super(-1) dry wt. sediment super(-1)). Autotrophic nitrification rates shared a marked seasonality with highest rates (0.92 mu g N.d super(-1).g dry wt. sediment super(-1)) occurring during the summer. Maximum populations of autotrophic nitrifying bacteria were also found in the 0-20 mm sediment horizon and these...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Seasonal variations; Bacteria; Estuaries; Sediment chemistry; Biogeochemistry; Ammonia; Nitrates; Nitrogen cycle.
Ano: 1984
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1984/acte-971.pdf

Combined effect of external ammonia and molt stage on the blue shrimp Litopenaeus stylirostris physiological response
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Mugnier, Chantal; Justou, Carole.
The effect of ambient ammonia and molt stage on the physiological response of the blue shrimp Litopenaeus stylirostris was studied. Shrimps were submitted to 54.6 mg l(-1) ammonia-N (1.76 mg l(-1) NH3-N) for 24 h. Only shrimps in stages C, D-0, D-1 and D-2 were used for the analysis. Haemolymph was assayed for osmoregulatory capacity (OC), magnesium ion (Mg ion), total proteins, oxyhaemocyanin, lactate and glucose. Molt stage had an effect on OC, Mg ion and total proteins in control shrimps, and on OC, Mg ion and lactate in treated animals. Ammonia treatment decreased OC and lactate, and increase Mg ion concentration in haemolymph, for all molt stages. It decreased significantly total proteins and oxyhaemocyanin for stages D-1 and D-2, and increased...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Stress; Peneid shrimp; Molt stage; Litopenaus stylirostris; Haemolymph constituents; Ammonia.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/publication-371.pdf

Etude de la structure des communautés bactériennes du sédiment et de l'écologie de Vibrio aestuarianus pathogène de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas dans deux sites ostréicoles
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Azandegbe, Afi.
Since several years, the French oyster farming copes with high mortality affecting juveniles and some adults of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Studies conducted in the framework of a multidisciplinary project (MOREST) showed that mortality was related to several factors like physiological and genetic status of oyster, pathogens including bacteria of the genus Vibrio, and revealed that the sediment, on which the oyster cages are installed, might play a particular role. This has been suggested because of the concomitance of the mortalities and increased toxic compounds like ammonia and sulphides in the sediment. Moreover, the presence of Vibrio bacteria in the sediment indicates a dual role of sediment in the mortality onset. The physico-chemical...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huître; Crassostrea gigas; Bactéries; Vibrio aestuarianus; Écologie; Sédiment; Ammonium; Sulfures; Oyster; Crassostrea gigas; Bacteria; Vibrio aestuarianus; Ecology; Sediment; Ammonia; Sulphide.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00032/14277/11561.pdf

Transfert et mineralisation de la matiere organique azotee a travers les deux premiers echelons de la micro communaute heterotrophe
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Vanwambeke, F; Bianchi, M.
Bacterial response to organic (amino acids) or inorganic (NH sub(4) super(+)) nitrogen was studied in 350 liter closed batch systems. The experiments demonstrate an important NH sub(4) super(+) remineralization associated with bacterial growth. The differences between substrate and bacterial C/N ratios and bacterial metabolic demands partly explain the high values of ammonia produced. Grazing by heterotrophic microflagellates resulted in an important release of NH sub(4) super(+). This suggests and important role of grazers for the nitrogen remineralization in natural waters.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Flagellata; Ciliata; Bacteria; Plankton; Heterotrophic organisms; Ammonia; Amino acids; Nitrogen cycle; Mineralization.
Ano: 1984
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1984/acte-986.pdf

Effect of chronic exposure to ammonia on growth, food utilisation and metabolism of the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Dosdat, Antoine; Person, Jeannine; Coves, Denis; Dutto, Gilbert; Gasset, Eric; Le Roux, Annick; Lemarie, Gilles.
The chronic effects of exposing sea bass (average initial weight 100 g) to ammonia in water at 22 degreesC were first evaluated over a 61-day period (period 1, P1) during which nine different groups were submitted to nine ambient ammonia levels ranging from 0.014 to 0.493 mg 1(-1) NH3-N (0.53-16.11 mg 1(-1) total ammonia nitrogen (TA-N)) and fed using self-feeders. At the end of P1, the fish were starved for 10 days (P2). Their recovery capacity was tested over 43 days (P3) after which the exogenous ammonia supply was stopped in all treatments and the fish were allowed to feed. After 20 days of exposure a highly significant effect of ammonia was evident from the decrease in feeding activity, voluntary feed intake (VFI) and specific growth rate (SGR), and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Sea bass; Self feeding; Compensatory growth; Chronic toxicity; Ammonia.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/publication-595.pdf

Release of available nitrogen from river-discharged dissolved organic matter by heterotrophic bacteria associated with the cyanobacterium     Microcystis aeruginosa
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Purvina, S; Béchemin, Christian; Balode, M; Verite, Celine; Arnaud, Christophe; Maestrini, Serge Y.
The use of riverine dissolved organic matter by the heterotrophic bacteria associated with a culture of the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa and release of simple nitrogen compounds were studied in an experimental series. Bacteria reduced the bulk of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) by half, but when associated with M. aeruginosa, DON was excreted and its concentration rose by 13%. During the stationary growth phase bacteria released ammonium, doubling the concentration of ammonia as well as of nitrates. Bacteria associated with M. aeruginosa consumed riverine DON and joined the ammonification and nitrification process, supplying cyanobacteria with simple nitrogen compounds.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Microcystis aeruginosa; Heterotrophic bacteria; DOM; DON; Nitrates; Ammonia.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00353/46408/46122.pdf

Impact du sédiment sur les mortalités estivales de naissain d'huîtres creuses Crassostrea gigas en baie de Quiberon
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bedier, Edouard; Knoery, Joel Radford; Fleury, Pierre-gildas; Quiniou, Francoise; Langlade, Aime; Cozic, Amandine; Delesmont, Edith; Delesmont, Régis; Caisey, Xavier; Lecureuil, Laetitia.
The phenomenon of summer mortalities of the Pacific cupped oyster Crassostrea gigas is observed in France since the beginning of the 90's. These mortalities are classically associated to younger stages and summer temperatures and occur during the reproduction period of the animal. The studies undertaken during the project Morest (2001-2005), showed that a number of biological and environmental risks, the interaction of them induces lethal stresses for animals in physiological weakness, exists in summer. Among these risks, that which is withstood by the oysters bred close to the sediment proved to be significant in intertidal areas. In Quiberon bay (southern Brittany, France), the breeding practices of sowing oysters in deep water is thus likely to expose...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huître; Crassostrea gigas; Mortalité; Sédiment; Composé réduit; Flux; Sulfure; Ammonium; Oyster; Crassostrea gigas; Mortality; Sediment; Reduced compound; Flux; Sulphide; Ammonia.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00108/21956/19550.pdf

Transport of jundiá Rhamdia quelen juveniles at different loading densities: water quality and blood parameters
Provedor de dados: 83
Autores: Carneiro,Paulo César Falanghe; Kaiseler,Pedro Henriques da Silva; Swarofsky,Elaine de Azambuja Correia; Baldisserotto,Bernardo.
Fish transportation is a common practice on fish farms and is considered to be a stressor that could negatively affect fish health. The objective of this study was to evaluate several physiological responses of stress in jundiá caused by transport at different loading densities. Jundiá juveniles were placed in plastic bags on a mechanical transport simulator for four hours at four different loading densities (75, 150, 250 and 350 g L-1) and then transferred to sixteen 80-L plastic boxes for 96 hours after transport. Water samples were collected before and after transport to measure dissolved oxygen, temperature, pH and ammonia levels. Blood samples were taken at departure and arrival, as well as at 24 and 96 hours after transport to monitor cortisol,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Stress; Cortisol; Glucose; Ammonia.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252009000200021

貯留中の乳牛ふん尿スラリーから発生する環境負荷ガスを抑制する撥水加工肥料資材の開発と評価
Provedor de dados: 19
Autores: 坂本, 直久; 谷, 昌幸; 小池, 正徳; 倉持, 勝久; 岸本, 正; 梅津, 一孝; Sakamoto, Naohisa; Tani, Masayuki; Koike, Masanori; Kishimoto, Tadashi; Umetsu, Kazutaka; Kuramochi, Katsuhisa.
本研究では，貯留中の乳牛ふん尿スラリーから発生する環境負荷ガスを低減するため，化学肥料を撥水加工した革新的なカバー資材を開発し，その抑制効果の評価とメカニズムについて検証した。スラリーは，メタン発酵前と発酵後の2種類を用いた。資材は，スラリー上に浮かべることを可能とし，また農地還元する上で不足する植物養分を補給するために，微粉砕した化学肥料に疎水性シリカを混合することにより調製した。実験室規模で13日間のガス発生量を測定した。アンモニアやメタンの積算発生量はメタン発酵後のスラリーの方が発酵前のそれよりも高かった。本資材を供試することにより，スラリーから発生するガスの吸着またはスラリーの発酵挙動が変化し，アンモニアやメタンの発生量が著しく減少した。さらに，資材の一部が溶解してスラリーの養分量が増加するので，本技術は農作業の効率化が図られるとともに，畜産廃棄物の有効利用に役立つと考えられる。 The objectives of this study were to verify the effectiveness in reducing polluting gas emissions of novel methods for covering dairy slurry by using various types of hydrophobic fertilizers and to evaluate the mechanisms for reducing gas emissions from this slurry before and after methane fermentation. The hydrophobic fertilizers were prepared by mixing...
Palavras-chave: 畜産廃棄物; スラリー貯留槽; アンモニア; 温室効果ガス; 環境汚染; Animal waste; Slurry store; Ammonia; Greenhouse gas; Environmental pollution.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/2832

Effects of Euglena (Euglena gracilis) supplemented to diet (forage: concentrate ratios of 60:40) on the basic ruminal fermentation and methane emissions in in vitro condition
Provedor de dados: 19
Autores: Aemiro, Ashagrie; Watanabe, Shota; Suzuki, Kengo; Hanada, Masaaki; Umetsu, Kazutaka.
An in vitro study was conducted to investigate the effect of different concentrations of Euglena (Euglena gracilis) on CH4 production, dry matter (DM) digestibility, volatile fatty acid (VFA) and ammonia N(NH3-N) concentration as well as on the protozoa population. The treatments considered were Euglena at concentrations of 0.0, 50, 100, 200, 400 and 1000 g/kg dry matter (DM) of the substrate (60:40 forage: concentrate ratio) incubated for 24 and 96 h using an in vitro continuous gas production and in vitro two-stage digestion procedure, respectively. The data were subjected to polynomial regression analysis. Methane emissions (ml/g DM) decreased at an increasing rate, generally with increasing concentration of Euglena but also exhibited quadratic (P&lt;...
Palavras-chave: Methane emission; Euglena; Protozoa; Volatile fatty acid; Digestibility; Ammonia.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/4458

Distribución espacial del amonio en fiordos y canales comprendidos entre Puerto Montt y Laguna San Rafael en período de primavera
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Prado-Fiedler, R.
An oceanographic expedition was carried out between October 18th and November 15th 1995 in the inlets region and fjords located between Puerto Montt (41° 20’S and San Rafael Lagoon (46° 40’ S) in Southern Chile. The main purpose of the present work is to characterise the spatial distribution of ammonium and its concentration range in the studied region during spring onset. Water samples were collected from a total of 101 oceanographic stations of the expedition Cimar-Fiordo 1. The main part of the water body showed concentrations lower than 1 µmol/L. The higher ammonium concentrations were found in the continental fjords, specially in the area situated south of the narrows of Meninea island, where subsurface maximums greater than 2 µmol/L were found. The...
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: Fjords; Water properties; Ammonia; Water content; Channels; Water analysis; Water sampling; Surface layers; Core layers (water); Sea water; Fjords; Water content; Ammonia; Water analysis; Sea water; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16314; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_15852; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_349; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16064; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6903.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/1576

An experiment on the relative importance of denitrification, nitrate reduction and ammonification in coastal marine sediment
Provedor de dados: 27
Autores: Goeyens, L.; De Vries, R.T.P.; Bakker, J.F.; Helder, W.
Simultaneous determinations of &lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt;N-nitrogen gas production, &lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt;N-ammonia formation by nitrate reduction and ammonia production from organic nitrogen were carried out after addition of &lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt;N-nitrate to anaerobically incubated sediment slurries from a location in the Dutch Wadden Sea. The rate of nitrogen gas production was 1.75 µmol N.cm&lt;sup&gt;-3&lt;/sup&gt; wet sediment.d&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;, nitrate reduction to ammonia occurred to a rate of 0.79 µmol N.cm &lt;sup&gt;-3&lt;/sup&gt;.d &lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; and ammonification at 1.17 µmol N-cm &lt;sup&gt;-3&lt;/sup&gt;.d &lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;. At the end of the incubation experiment (after 30 h) 63% of the originally added...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ammonia; Biogeochemical cycle; Coastal zone; Denitrification; Nitrates; Nitrogen cycle; Sediments.
Ano: 1987
URL: http://www.vliz.be/nl/open-marien-archief?module=ref&refid=3169

SENSITIVITY OF MORNINGGLORY PLANTS AND THEIR PROGENIES TO GLUFOSINATE AMMONIUM
Provedor de dados: 87
Autores: BRITO,I.P.F.S.; MORAES,C.P.; MARCHESI,B.B.; CARBONARI,C.A.; VELINI,E.D.
ABSTRACT The sensitivity of weed species to herbicides is variable, and the behavior can be repeated or not in the next generation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the response of morningglory plants to different doses of glufosinate ammonium and the sensitivity of plant populations and their progenies to the herbicide. Three studies were conducted, all in a greenhouse and repeated in two periods. In the first study, two experiments were conducted to examine the dose-response curve, and the treatments were seven different doses of the herbicide glufosinate ammonium (0, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800, and 1,600 g a.i. ha-1), with four replications each. In the second study, which examined the range in sensitivity of morningglory to glufosinate ammonium,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ammonia; Glutamine synthetase; Ipomoea grandifolia; Weed.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582017000100211

Sensitivities of Urochloa decumbens Plants to Glufosinate
Provedor de dados: 87
Autores: BRITO,I.P.F.S.; MARCHESI,B.B.; TROPALDI,L.; CARBONARI,C.A.; VELINI,E.D.
ABSTRACT: This study aimed to assess the response of Urochloa decumbens plants to different doses of glufosinate ammonium, and the sensitivity of plant population to the herbicide. Two studies were conducted, both in greenhouse and repeated at different times. In the dose-response analysis, two experiments were conducted using seven doses of the glufosinate ammonium (0, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800, and 1,600 g a.i. ha-1) with four replications each. In the analysis of sensitivity levels of U. decumbens to herbicide, 44 plants were sprayed with a dose of 200 g a.i. ha-1 of the herbicide. Tissue ammonium content was determined, and injury percentage was visually assessed. Experiment data were converted to mg of ammonium per kg-1 of fresh mass and submitted to...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ammonia; Glutamine synthetase; Weed; Variability.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582018000100238

Air Emissions of Ammonia and Methane from Livestock Operations: Valuation and Policy Options
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Shih,   Jhih-Shyang; Burtraw,   Dallas; Palmer,   Karen L.; Siikamaki,   Juha.
The animal husbandry industry is a major emitter of methane, which is an important greenhouse gas. The industry is also a major emitter of ammonia, which is a precursor of fine particulate matter, arguably the number-one environment-related public health threat facing the nation. We present an integrated process model of the engineering economics of technologies to reduce methane and ammonia emissions at dairy operations in California. Three policy options are explored: greenhouse gas offset credits for methane control, particulate matter offset credits for ammonia control, and expanded net metering policies to provide revenue for the sale of electricity generated from captured methane gas. Individually, any of these policies appears to be sufficient to...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Methane; Ammonia; Carbon dioxide; Greenhouse gases; Climate change; Offset; Particulate matter; Net metering; Environmental policy; CAFO; Manure management; Biodigester; Electricity; Global warming; Cost-benefit; Incentive approach; Livestock Production/Industries; Q2; Q4; Q53.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10749

MANAGING MANURE TO IMPROVE AIR AND WATER QUALITY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Aillery,   Marcel P.; Gollehon,   Noel R.; Johansson,   Robert C.; Kaplan,   Jonathan D.; Key,   Nigel D.; Ribaudo,   Marc.
Animal waste from confined animal feeding operations is a potential source of air and water quality degradation from evaporation of gases, runoff to surface water, and leaching to ground water. This report assesses the potential economic and environmental tradeoffs between water quality policies and air quality policies that require the animal agriculture sector to take potentially costly measures to abate pollution. A farm-level analysis of hog farms estimates the economic and environmental tradeoffs that occur when policies are designed to address pollutant flows to one environmental medium without considering flows to another medium. A national analysis addresses the broader impacts of coordinated (water and air) policies, including long-term structural...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Animal waste; Nitrogen; Ammonia; Water quality; Nutrient management plan; Manure management costs; Price and quantity adjustments; CAFO; Environmental Economics and Policy; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33593

AMMONIA ABATEMENT STRATEGIES IN LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION: A CASE STUDY OF A POULTRY INSTALLATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Angus,   Andrew J.; Hodge,   Ian D.; Sutton,   M.A.
This study uses a linear programming approach to compare the potential effectiveness of uniform rules (under the Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control Directive) and a landscape-scale based policy for reducing ammonia (NH3) emissions and their related impacts from a case study poultry installation.  The model incorporates a variety of potential NH3 abatement techniques. It also incorporates the first application of a spatial model of the diffusion of environmental impacts from NH3 emissions. This models N deposition at a nearby nature reserve. The model finds that the uniform rules proposed under the Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control Directive are likely to be ineffective in certain contexts and that a landscape-scale approach is more...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Ammonia; Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control; Broiler installations; Environmental Economics and Policy; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31932

Effects of Nutrient Restrictions on Confined Animal Facilities: Insights from a Structural Model
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Baerenklau,   Kenneth A.; Nergis,   Nermin; Schwabe,   Kurt A.
Nutrient emissions from animal feeding operations continue to degrade water and air quality.  New regulations will limit the amounts of nutrients that can be locally applied to land.  In this article, a structural-dynamic model of a livestock-crop operation is calibrated with data from a representative farm and is used to predict the effects of nitrogen regulations.  Policy simulations clarify the importance of dynamic elements and demonstrate three main results: (1) cost estimates are relatively high; (2) cross-media pollution effects are potentially large; and (3) improved input management appears most promising for reducing both emissions and waste management costs.  Implications for policy and future research are discussed.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ammonia; Animal feeding operation; Cross-media pollution; Dairy; Dynamic optimization; Groundwater; Nitrate; Nitrogen; Nutrient management plan; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10253

Influence of Covering Reused Broiler Litter with Plastic Canvas on Litter Characteristics and Bacteriology and the Subsequent Immunity and Microbiology of Broilers
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Mesa,D; Lourenço,M; Souza,A; Bueno,A; Pereira,A; Sfeir,M; Santin,E.
ABSTRACT In broiler production, the litter is reused for consecutives flocks, and it is treated during down time between flocks to reduce its microbial load. Although covering the litter with a plastic canvas is a common litter treatment in the field, there is little scientific information available on its efficacy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of covering broiler litter with a plastic canvas for eight days on litter microbiological, physical, and chemical parameters, and on the intestinal microbiota and immunity of broilers. In the first trial, reused litter from a previous flock was distributed into three treatments, with six replicates each: L1 (negative control, litter free from Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) and Eimeria maxima (EM)...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ammonia; Cytokines; Lactobacillus; Macrophages; Salmonella.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2016000400563

The influence of side-curtain color on broiler chick behavior
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Vercellino,R do A; Moura,DJ de; Nääs,I de A; Maia,AP de A; Medeiros,BBL; Salgado,DDA; Carvalho,TRM de.
Brazilian poultry production is prospering, and negative-pressure broiler houses are increasingly used to improve environmental control. One important issue is the color of the side curtains used in such houses due to the influence of colors on broiler behavior. This study aimed at evaluating the influence of different curtain color on the welfare of 7-day-old broilers, considering luminosity and other environmental parameters. Chicks were housed in three different negative-pressure broiler houses either with black (T1), blue (T2), or yellow (T3) side curtains. House environment (luminosity, dry-bulb temperature, air relative humidity, air velocity, and gas emissions) and the behavior of chicks on day 7 after housing were evaluated in three consecutive...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ammonia; Carbon dioxide; Luminosity; Behavior; Broiler chicks.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2013000300002

Water acidification causes death of marine ornamental fish (Perciformes: Pomacentridae) during transport: contributing to the conservation of wild populations
Provedor de dados: 103
Autores: Sampaio,Flavia D.F.; Silva-de-Assis,Helena C.; Bettim,Franciele L.; Fávaro,Luís F.; Freire,Carolina A.
ABSTRACT Pomacentridae is a common family in the aquarium fish trade. Most species are harvested from nature. Here we evaluate the following water parameters in the pomacentrid sergeant major, Abudefduf saxatilis (Linnaeus, 1758), to assess their stress level during a 24, 48, and 72 hours transport: dissolved oxygen (DO), total ammonia, and pH. In addition, we evaluated the following physiological parameters: plasma osmolality, muscle water content, blood glucose, and the enzyme activities of the branchial carbonic anhydrase (CA), the hepatic glutathione S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The mortality of fish measuring &gt;6 cm total length was 22%, while no mortality was observed for fish measuring &lt;6 cm. The pH of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ammonia; Aquarium trade; Carbon dioxide; Fish conservation; PH.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-46702019000100306

Oxygen consumption remains stable while ammonia excretion is reduced upon short time exposure to high salinity in Macrobrachium acanthurus (Caridae: Palaemonidae), a recent freshwater colonizer
Provedor de dados: 103
Autores: Freire,Carolina A.; Rios,Leonardo de P.; Giareta,Eloísa P.; Castellano,Giovanna C.
ABSTRACT Palaemonid shrimps occur in the tropical and temperate regions of South America and the Indo-Pacific, in brackish/freshwater habitats, and marine coastal areas. They form a clade that recently (i.e., ~30 mya) invaded freshwater, and one included genus, Macrobrachium Bate, 1868, is especially successful in limnic habitats. Adult Macrobrachium acanthurus (Wiegmann, 1836) dwell in coastal freshwaters, have diadromous habit, and need brackish water to develop. Thus, they are widely recognized as euryhaline. Here we test how this species responds to a short-term exposure to increased salinity. We hypothesized that abrupt exposure to high salinity would result in reduced gill ventilation/perfusion and decreased oxygen consumption. Shrimps were subjected...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ammonia; Lactate; Osmoregulation; Palaemonidae.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-46702017000100323

Chemical treatment of post-harvest Marandu grass seed residues with different moisture contents
Provedor de dados: 96
Autores: Roth,Marcella de Toledo Piza; Reis,Ricardo Andrade; Resende,Flávio Dutra de; Siqueira,Gustavo Rezende; Pires,Aureliano José Vieira; Bertipaglia,Liandra Maria Abaker.
The objective of this was to evaluate the effect of chemical treatments with urea (3 or 5% DM) and anhydrous ammonia (3% DM) applied to the post-harvest hay residues of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu that contained different moisture contents (15, 25 or 30%). A randomized block design was used with eight treatments and four replications (defined as the bale layers within the hay stacks). The hay treated with 3% anhydrous ammonia and 15% moisture content reduced the levels of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) from 84.3 to 79.1% and increased the in vitro digestibility of the dry matter (DM) from 37.3 to 55.5% compared to the control group. The variation in the moisture content did not significantly alter the action of ammonia, with mean values of 77.6% NDF...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ammonia; Carbohydrate fractionation; Nitrogen fractionation; Nutritional value; Urea.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982010000300005

Bakery waste in sheep diets: intake, digestibility, nitrogen balance and ruminal parameters
Provedor de dados: 96
Autores: França,Almira Biazon; Morenz,Mirton José Frota; Lopes,Fernando César Ferraz; Madeiro,Afranio Silva; Morenz,Danilo Antônio; Faria,Bruna Moscat de; Cabral,Luciano da Silva; Fonseca,Carlos Elysio Moreira da.
The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of bakery waste inclusion (0; 25; 50; 75 and 100%, DM basis) in proportion to corn meal in the energetic mixture of the concentrate on intake, digestibility, nitrogen balance and ruminal parameters in sheep. Five male lambs with body weight of 30 kg were used in a 5 × 5 Latin square design. Experimental diets were composed of concentrate and Tifton 85 (Cynodon spp.) hay in a 60:40 forage:concentrate ratio. The concentrate rations were composed of corn meal, soybean meal and bakery waste. The bakery waste:corn meal ratio corresponded to the inclusion of, approximately, 0, 7, 14, 22 and 30% (DM basis) of bakery waste in the diet. There was no effect of bakery waste inclusion on the intake and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ammonia; Byproduct; Lamb; PH; Volatile fat acid.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982012000100022

Chemical treatment of roughage
Provedor de dados: 96
Autores: Pires,Aureliano José Vieira; Carvalho,Gleidson Giordano Pinto de; Ribeiro,Leandro Sampaio Oliveira.
Chemical treatment of roughage has been the aim of studies for a long time. However, until nowadays, many questions are arisen due to the efficiency of additives used in relation to the variation of answers, either in nutritive value of treated roughage or in performance of animals feed with diet containing such roughage. This revision will approach the main and most used products, which are anhydrous ammonia, urea, sodium hydroxide and calcium oxide. It has been noticed that ammonization (both for anhydrous ammonia and urea) has presented more efficient result in animal's performance when compared with sodium hydroxide or calcium oxide. However, regarding its nutritive value, both sodium hydroxide and calcium oxide have presented a higher efficiency in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ammonia; Calcium oxide; Sodium hydroxide; Urea.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982010001300022

Effects of microbial inoculants and amino acid production by-product on fermentation and chemical composition of sugarcane silages
Provedor de dados: 96
Autores: Rodrigues,Paulo Henrique Mazza; Gomes,Rodrigo da Costa; Meyer,Paula Marques; Borgatti,Laura Maria Oliveira; Franco,Fernando Masello Junqueira; Godoy,Gilson Luiz Alves de.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the chemical composition, fermentation patterns and aerobic stability of sugarcane silages with addition of amino acid production (monosodium glutamate) by-product (APB) and microbial inoculants. Mature sugarcane was chopped and ensiled in laboratory silos (n = 4/treatment) without additives (control) and with APB (10 g/kg), Pioneer 1174® (PIO, 1.0 mg/kg, Lactobacillus plantarum + Streptoccoccus faecium, Pioneer), Lalsil Cana (2.0 mg/kg, Lactobacillus buchineri, Lallemand) or Mercosil Maís 11C33® (1.0 mg/kg, Lactobacillus buchineri + Lactobacillus plantarum + Streptoccoccus faecium, Timac Agro). Fresh silage and silage liquor samples were obtained to assess pH, chemical composition and organic acid...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Aerobic stability; Ammonia; Ethanol; Lactic acid bacteria; Saccharum officinarum L.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982012000600011

Effects of polymer coated slow-release urea on ruminal fermentation and nutrient total tract digestion of beef steers
Provedor de dados: 96
Autores: Gardinal,Rodrigo; Gandra,Jefferson Rodrigues; Calomeni,Gustavo Delfino; Vendramini,Thiago Henrique Annibale; Takiya,Caio Seiti; Freitas Júnior,José Esler de; Souza,Heraldo Namorato de; Rennó,Francisco Palma.
ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of polymer coated slow-release urea (SRU) in high-forage diets of beef steers on nutrient intake and digestibility, ruminal fermentation, microbial protein synthesis, and energy balance. Eight 24-mo-old rumen-fistulated castrated Nellore steers (average body weight = 418.0±40.0 kg) were used in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design. Animals were randomly distributed to receive one of the following diets: no urea inclusion; 1.0% inclusion of feed grade urea in the diet (dry matter [DM] basis); 1.0% inclusion of slow-release urea 1 in the diet (DM basis); and 1.0% inclusion of slow-release urea 2 in the diet (DM basis). Slow-release urea 2 had a similar composition to that of slow-release urea...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ammonia; Digestibility; Microbial protein; Nellore; Non-protein nitrogen; Soybean.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982016000200063

Effect of the dietary level of cull pinto beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) on ruminal fermentation, kinetics, and digestibility of hair lambs
Provedor de dados: 96
Autores: Castillo Rangel,Francisco; Villalobos Villalobos,Guillermo; Domínguez Díaz,David; Ortega Gutiérrez,Juan Ángel.
ABSTRACT The objective was to evaluate the effect of three levels of cull pinto beans (CPB; Phaseolus vulgaris) on ruminal fermentation, kinetics, and nutrient digestibility in hair lambs. Six cannulated lambs averaging 56.6±3.8 kg were used and were randomly assigned to one of three treatments. Treatments were: 0.0 kg kg−1 of CPB in the supplement (control); 0.25 kg kg−1 of CPB in the supplement (CB25); and 0.40 kg kg−1 of CPB in the supplement (CB40). Dry matter intake, ruminal pH, NH3, and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration, methane production, Kp (passage rate), MRT (mean retention time), and digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, and neutral detergent fiber were evaluated. Data were analyzed in a Latin square design, repeated in line, by...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ammonia; Legumes; Methane; Ruminal pH; Sheep; Volatile fatty acids.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982017000500405

The chemical composition, fermentation profile, and microbial populations in tropical grass silages
Provedor de dados: 96
Autores: Rigueira,João Paulo Sampaio; Pereira,Odilon Gomes; Ribeiro,Karina Guimarães; Mantovani,Hilário Cuquetto; Agarussi,Mariele Cristina Nascimento.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the fermentation profile, chemical composition and microbial population and losses in the silages of signalgrass and Mombasa grass fertilized with the following levels of nitrogen (N): 0, 30, 60 and 90 kg/ha. The grasses were harvested at 70 days of regrowth, chopped and then ensiled in laboratory silos that had 20 kg of capacity and a snap-top cover and were fitted with Bunsen valves. Before ensiling, samples of the plants were used for the isolation and identification of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in epiphytic microbiota. The design adopted was a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement, with four doses of N and two forage species, in a completely randomized design, with four replicates. The predominant species of LAB was...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ammonia; Effluent; Lactic acid bacteria; PH.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982013000900002

Technologies to mitigate the environmental impact of broiler production
Provedor de dados: 96
Autores: Oviedo-Rondón,Edgar O.
The broiler industry produces efficiently animal protein, but generates residues with high contents of N, P, K, trace minerals, and high bacterial charge. The rapid microbial decomposition of these residues cause ammonia volatilization, nuisance odor, fine particulate matter, and attract insects and rodents. This presentation will discuss the more effective methods to utilize these resources and minimize potential environmental impact. These procedures include planning, personnel training, zoning of areas used to dispose the final residues in crop lands, farm isolation, precision nutrition, litter and house management practices, and appropriate mortality disposal. Broiler litter has been used for animal feeding and power generation. Additionally, new...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Environmental impact; Residues; Broilers; Ammonia; Odor.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982008001300028

Effect of whey fermented by Enterococcus faeciumin consortium with Veilonella parvulaon ruminal bacteria in vitro
Provedor de dados: 96
Autores: Bezerra,Higor Fábio Carvalho; Oliveira,Juliana Silva de; Santos,Edson Mauro; Queiroz,Augusto César de; Mantovani,Hilário Cuquetto; Pinho,Ricardo Martins Araujo; Oliveira Junior,Jurandir Queiroz de; Costa,Elizabete Cristina Batista da.
The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of whey fermented by Enterococus faecium in consortium with Veilonella parvula in vitro on ruminal microorganisms in different substrates, with or without monensin. The first experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design, in a 6 × 3 factorial arrangement (six substrates × three whey levels) with two replicates. In experiment two, a 2 × 3 × 4 factorial arrangement (with and without monensin, three foods and four levels of fermented whey) was used, in a randomized design with four replicates, totaling 24 treatments. There was no interaction among the wheys and the substrates in the variable for pectin, starch, and carboxymethyl cellulose. There was a greater growth of amylolytic and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ammonia; Fermentation; Microbial protein; Monensin; Rumen; Ruminal pH.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982014000500259

Intake, nutrient apparent digestibility and ruminal constituents of sheep fed diets with canola, sunflower or castor oils
Provedor de dados: 96
Autores: Maia,Michelle de Oliveira; Susin,Ivanete; Ferreira,Evandro Maia; Nolli,Cristine Paduan; Gentil,Renato Shinkai; Pires,Alexandre Vaz; Mourão,Gerson Barreto.
The objective in this experiment was to determine the effects of feeding diets with canola, sunflower or castor oils on intake, nutrient apparent digestibility and ruminal constituents of crossbred Dorper × Santa Inês sheep. Four rumen-cannulated animals of 90.2±11.4 kg average body weight were assigned to a 4 × 4 latin square. Animals remained individually in cages for the metabolism assay and were fed diets containing roughage at 500 g/kg and concentrate based on ground corn and soybean meal also at 500 g/kg. No oil was added to the control diet, whereas the others had canola, sunflower or castor oils at 30 g/kg (DM basis). There was no difference for the intake of DM and nutrients, except for ether extract, which was greater when animals received oil....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ammonia; Lipids; Metabolism; Short-chain fatty acids.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982012001100008

Nitrogen sediment fluxes in an upwelling system off central Chile (Concepción Bay and adjacent shelf) during the 1997-1998 El Niño
Provedor de dados: 97
Autores: MUÑOZ,PRAXEDES; SALAMANCA,MARCO A; NEIRA,CARLOS; SELLANES,JAVIER.
Two stations representing coastal and shelf environments (bay of Concepción and adjacent shelf, respectively) were sampled in order to assess benthic nitrogen fluxes. During the study period anomalously high oxygen bottom waters conditions were observed, coinciding with the 1997-1998 El Niño event. From both sites, intact sediment cores were collected for incubation experiments to directly estimate total ammonium fluxes. Pore-water chemistry was also assessed to estimate diffusive fluxes of nitrogen compounds (NH4+, NO3- and NO2-). The NH4+ flux from incubation experiments ranged from 0.55 to 2.18 mmol m-2 day-1 in the inner bay and from 1.84 to 2.14 mmol m-2 day-1 on the shelf. NO3- diffusive fluxes to the sediments were observed in the bay in March (-17...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Ammonia; Pore-water nutrients; Sediment-water exchanges; Coastal upwelling; El Niño event.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-078X2004000200009

Rumen parameters and intake in goats fed cassava chips and alfalfa
Provedor de dados: 124
Autores: Marques,Raquel Ornelas; Gonçalves,Heraldo Cesar; Meirelles,Paulo Roberto de Lima; Brito,Evelyn Prestes; Gomes,Helen Fernanda Barros; Oliveira,Giuliana Micai de.
ABSTRACT Pasture-based production systems and alternative foods can be used to reduce goat milk production costs by around 20%.The objective of this study was to examine the effect of substituting the corn and soybean meal of the concentrate with cassava chips and alfalfa, respectively, on the feed intake, fermentation, and rumen degradability parameters of adult, dry, empty, rumen-cannulated Saanen goats reared in a feedlot. The experiment was conducted as a Latin square design in which the following diets were tested: ground corn and soybean meal; cassava chips and soybean meal; ground corn and alfalfa; and cassava chips and alfalfa. The following variables were evaluated: feed intake, rumen parameters, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, and feed...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ammonia; Degradability; Rumen pH; Short-chain fatty acids.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1806-66902020000200417

GRAZING MANAGEMENT, AMMONIA AND NITROUS OXIDE EMISSIONS: A GENERAL VIEW
Provedor de dados: 127
Autores: Núñez,Pedro; Demanet,Rolando; Matus,Francisco; Mora,Maria de la Luz.
The grazing management of grassland has a direct effect on nitrogen (N) recycling. This is an important reason why management has become an alternative to improve the grassland production and quality, in turn to make it more suitable for the environment. However, the livestock system intensification induces changes in the natural dynamics of the N cycle, accelerating gas emmisions (e.g. ammonia, NH3 and nitrous oxide, N(2)0) and leaching losses from soil under grazing. When the amount of N in the environment increases, there is an impact on smog episodes, global warming, stratospheric ozone depletion, acid rain and eutrophication of fresh water. There are different techniques to evaluate the gases emitted from the soil. This klonowledge is useful to design...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Ammonia; Grazing; Management; Nitrogen; Nitrous oxide; Livestock.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-27912007000300006

Tolerance of Nile tilapia juveniles to highly acidic rearing water
Provedor de dados: 2
Autores: Rebouças, Vanessa Tomaz; Lima, Francisco Roberto dos Santos; Cavalcante, Davi de Holanda; Sá, Marcelo Vinícius do Carmo e.
The present work aimed at determining the tolerance of Nile tilapia juveniles to highly acidic rearing waters and the effects of water acidity on the quality of tank effluents. The experimental design consisted of four treatments with different water pH values (4.12 ± 0.84; 5.13 ± 0.74; 6.14 ± 0.64 and 8.06 ± 0.48), with five replicates each. No exchange of water was performed throughout the study, only water replenishment to maintain the initial level. Variables of water quality, soil, growth performance, metabolism and effluents were monitored for eight weeks. Despite the lower total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) concentration in the pH 8 tanks, their levels of non-ionized ammonia (NH3) were the highest ones. At the end, the lowest body weight of fish was...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Piscicultura; Tilápia aquaculture; Oreochromis niloticus; Acidophilic fish; Ammonia; PH.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAnimSci/article/view/27031

Water quality and survival rate of Rhamdia quelen fry subjected to simulated transportation at different stock densities and temperatures
Provedor de dados: 2
Autores: Bittencourt, Fábio; Damasceno, Danielle Zanerato; Lui, Tatiane Andressa; Signor, Altevir; Sanches, Eduardo Antônio; Neu, Dacley Hertes.
Transportation of live fish is routinely done in aquaculture; therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the water quality and survival rate of Rhamdia quelen fry (2.55±0.44 g) following 4, 8 and 12h of simulated transportation, at stock densities of 30 and 60 fry 5 L-1 and temperatures 15, 20 and 25oC. Dissolved oxygen, pH, electrical conductivity, total ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, turbidity, total alkalinity and survival were analyzed. Temperature and time had a significant influence on ammonia, pH, electrical conductivity, and dissolved oxygen levels, and fish died after 12 hours of transportation simulation when kept at 20 and 25ºC. The density directly affected the water quality parameters, such as the increase in electrical conductivity and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ciências Agrárias; Recursos Pesqueiros e Engenharia de Pesca; Aquicultura aquaculture; Ammonia; Loading densities; Management; Mortality.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAnimSci/article/view/37285

Levedura ou monensina na dieta de bovinos e bubalinos sobre a fermentação ruminal e eficiência microbiana - doi: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v33i4.11264
Provedor de dados: 2
Autores: Zeoula, Lúcia Maria; Universidade Estadual de Maringá; Beleze, Juliano Ricardo Fontanini; Universidade Estadual de Maringá; Maeda, Emilyn Midori; Universidade Estadual de Maringá; Simioni, Fabiano Luís; Universidade Estadual de Maringá; Geron, Luiz Juliano Valério; Universidade Estadual de Maringá; Rigolon, Luiz Paulo; Universidade Estadual de Maringá.
Objetivou-se avaliar o uso da monensina sódica (Rumensin&amp;reg;) e da levedura viva (Saccharomyces cerevisiae - Beef - sacc&amp;reg;) sobre a concentração de ácidos graxos de cadeia curta (AGCC), amônia e pH ruminal, e eficiência microbiana em bubalinos e bovinos, alimentados com dietas com 50% de concentrado. Foram utilizados três búfalos e três bovinos portadores de cânulas no rúmen e no duodeno, distribuídos em dois quadrados Latinos, com arranjo fatorial 3 x 2. As concentrações de AGCC, amônia e o pH ruminal foram determinados a cada 2h. Os fluxos de digesta e proteína microbiana no duodeno foram determinados, respectivamente, por meio dos indicadores cinza insolúvel em ácido e as bases purinas. Não houve efeito dos aditivos e das espécies para a...
Tipo: Pesquisa aplicada
Palavras-chave: Ciências Agrárias  Zootecnia Ácidos graxos voláteis; Amônia; Ionóforo; Saccharomyces cerevisiae short chain fatty acids; Ammonia; Ionophore; Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAnimSci/article/view/11264

Effect of natural and synthetic fruit coatings on the postharvest quality of kinnow mandarins
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Ali, Muhammad Azhar; Zulfiqar, Adnan; Arif, Atta Muhammad; Khan, Abdul-Rahim; Iqbal, Zafar; Khan, Muhammad Azam.
Natural products are more preferred by consumers now-a-days over the synthetic ones. Therefore a natural fruit coating was developed from natural ingredients (shellac, rosin, gum arabic, water and ethanol from sugar industry) without ammonia or morpholine as an alternative to the synthetic coatings. So this research was devised to compare the effects of this newly developed natural fruit coating (with 9% total solids) with those of synthetic one (polyethylene based ammonia containing wax with 21% total solids) on the postharvest quality of kinnow (Citrus reticulata Blanco) mandarins. The kinnow mandarins were either coated with natural or synthetic fruit coatings or were left uncoated and stored at 5±2°C with 85-90% relative humidity for 63 days with five...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Natural fruit coating; Kinnow mandarins; Synthetic fruit coating; Morpholine; Ammonia; Ethanol.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/2894

Efficacy of a microbial additive in reducing odor, ammonia, and hydrogen sulfide emissions from farrowing-gestation swine operation
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Shafiqur Rahman; Thomas DeSutter; North Dakota State University; Qiang Zhang; University of Manitoba.
To mitigate odor and gas emission concern, different management practices and treatment technologies are available. In this study, the effectiveness of the Digest3+3© microbial additive was evaluated for reducing odor and pollutant gas emission from a swine gestation-farrowing operation in North Dakota.  In this experiment, one of the deep pits in the facility was left untreated (GC) and the other deep pit was treated (GT) with the Digest 3+3 (22.68 kg/month).  Similarly, shallow pits in one of the farrowing units were treated (FT) with the microbial additive, while another unit was untreated (FC as the control).  Air samples were collected from exhaust fans using a vacuum chamber and Tedlar bags.  Odor detection threshold values were determined using a...
Palavras-chave: Odor; Ammonia; Hydrogen sulfide; Concentration; Emissions; Farrowing; Gestation; Digest3+3©.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/1940

Emissions inventory of greenhouse gases and ammonia from livestock housing and manure management
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Mohamed Samer; Cairo University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Engineering.
An emission inventory is a database on the amount of pollutants released into the atmosphere.  The anthropogenic emissions of air pollutants and greenhouse gases are detrimental to the environment and the ecosystems.  Therefore, reducing emissions is crucial. One key issue is to inventory these emissions, and consequently databases on anthropogenic emissions will be available for making decisions on implementing suitable mitigation strategies.  Such investigations aim at developing national emissions inventory for domestic livestock and to identify possible abatement techniques in order to reduce these emissions.  Therefore, the objectives of this study are to introduce and define the emissions inventories, review the emission inventory guides, introduce...
Palavras-chave: Agricultural engineering; Agricultural buildings and bioenvironmental engineering emissions inventory; Greenhouse gases; Methane; Nitrous oxide; Ammonia; Particulate matter; Livestock buildings; Manure; Emission factors; Emissions abatement techniques.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/2449

Removal Efficiencies in Full-scale Biotrickling Filters  used to clean Pig House Exhaust Air
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Rune R. Andreasen; Anders L Riis; Knud Mortense.
In this study, we tested the performance and perspectives of four full-scale biotrickling filters based on Leca® (Light Expanded Clay Aggregates), a mechanically stable, non-degradable filter media, known to absorb odorous compounds such as H2S and methanethiol. The four filters varied in: filter thickness, carrying media, and the presence of dust filters. Biological Leca® filters were found to be capable of reducing NH3, H2S and odour by up to 96%, 80% and 78%, respectively. Clogging was observed to occur after approximately 100 days, but the installation of a dust filter successfully eliminated this problem.
Palavras-chave: Biotrickling filters; Odour; Ammonia; Full-scale; Pig stable exhaust air.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/3314

Emissions inventory of greenhouse gases and ammonia from livestock housing and manure management
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Samer, Mohamed.
An emission inventory is a database on the amount of pollutants released into the atmosphere.  The anthropogenic emissions of air pollutants and greenhouse gases are detrimental to the environment and the ecosystems.  Therefore, reducing emissions is crucial. One key issue is to inventory these emissions, and consequently databases on anthropogenic emissions will be available for making decisions on implementing suitable mitigation strategies.  Such investigations aim at developing national emissions inventory for domestic livestock and to identify possible abatement techniques in order to reduce these emissions.  Therefore, the objectives of this study are to introduce and define the emissions inventories, review the emission inventory guides, introduce...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural engineering; Agricultural buildings and bioenvironmental engineering emissions inventory; Greenhouse gases; Methane; Nitrous oxide; Ammonia; Particulate matter; Livestock buildings; Manure; Emission factors; Emissions abatement techniques.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/2449

Mimicking Indoor Climate Dynamics and Ammonia Emissions in a Pig Housing Compartment Using Artificial Pigs and an Automatic Urea Spraying Installation
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Tabase, Raphael Kubeba.
The study aims to develop a test platform (TP) compartment that could mimic diurnal variations in indoor climate and NH3 emission in a real pig compartment and to compare diurnal indoor climate and NH3 production between two TP compartments and a real compartment. The objectives were achieved by using a real and TP compartment followed by an ad hoc test that used two TP compartments and another real compartment. The TP had two compartments equipped with mock-up pigs as heat source and automatic urea solution spraying installation to mimic pig urination at the pen floor. The study evaluated indoor climate and NH3 production in a 4-day comparative test between a TP and a real compartment followed by a 3-day comparative test between two TP compartments and a...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ammonia; Emission; Modeling; Pig housing; Test platform; Ventilation; Belgium.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/5216

Removal Efficiencies in Full-scale Biotrickling Filters  used to clean Pig House Exhaust Air
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Andreasen, Rune R.; Riis, Anders L; Mortense, Knud.
In this study, we tested the performance and perspectives of four full-scale biotrickling filters based on Leca® (Light Expanded Clay Aggregates), a mechanically stable, non-degradable filter media, known to absorb odorous compounds such as H2S and methanethiol. The four filters varied in: filter thickness, carrying media, and the presence of dust filters. Biological Leca® filters were found to be capable of reducing NH3, H2S and odour by up to 96%, 80% and 78%, respectively. Clogging was observed to occur after approximately 100 days, but the installation of a dust filter successfully eliminated this problem.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Biotrickling filters; Odour; Ammonia; Full-scale; Pig stable exhaust air.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/3314

Nutritional parameters of steers receiving different levels of sunflower crushed in partial replacement of soybean meal
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: LIMA,HELLEN L.; GOES,RAFAEL H.T.B. DE; CERILO,SARA L.N.; OLIVEIRA,EUCLIDES R. DE; GRESSLER,MARIA G.M.; BRABES,KELLY C.S.
ABSTRACTTo evaluate of the sunflower crushed in nutritional parameters in steers, supplemented at pasture, we used four steers in 4×4 Latin square design. The supplements were provided in 6 g-kg of body weight-animal-day, consisting of sunflower crushed, corn, soybean meal and mineral. All the supplements was isonitrogenous and soybean meal was replaced in 0, 20, 40, and 60% for sunflower crushed. The determination of ruminal pH and ammonia was at 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 h. after feeding and for short-chain fatty acids it was collected at 0 and 6 h. post-feeding. The dry matter intake was not affected (P&gt;0.05) by inclusion of sunflower crushed (mean=6.59 kg-day). There was no significant effect (P&gt;0.05) for pH for the inclusion of sunflower crushed...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Fatty acid; Ammonia; PH; By-product; Supplementation.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652013000401513

Effect of inactive dry yeast from sugar cane as protein source on rumen fermentation in Saanen goats
Provedor de dados: 45
Autores: Lima,L.S.; Alcalde,C.R.; Gomes,L.C.; Souza,R.; Rigolon,L.P.; Nakamura,C.V.
Five castrated and ruminally cannulated Saanen goats (±48.19kg) were used to evaluate intake, digestibility and rumen fermentation parameters of diets with inactive dry yeast as a soybean meal substitute (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%). Goats were randomly assigned to a 5×5 (five levels of dry yeast x five periods) Latin square design. Diets were composed of corn silage (40%), ground corn, soybean meal and/or dry yeast and mineral supplement. The intake and digestibility of DM, OM, CP, NDF and TC were not influenced by the treatments. However, EE intake showed negative linear effect. The TDN content did not change with the inclusion of dry yeast in the diets. The pH, N-NH3 concentration and rumen short-chain fatty acids content did not differ among diets. Rumen...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ammonia; Digestibility; Goats; Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352012000100021

Fate of 15N-urea applied to wheat-soybean succession crop
Provedor de dados: 53
Autores: Boaretto,Antonio Enedi; Spolidorio,Eduardo Scarpari; Freitas,José Guilherme de; Trivelin,Paulo Cesar Ocheuze; Muraoka,Takashi; Cantarella,Heitor.
The wheat crop in São Paulo State, Brazil, is fertilized with N, P and K. The rate of applied N (0 to 120 kg.ha-1) depends on the previous grown crop and the irrigation possibility. The response of wheat to rates and time of N application and the fate of N applied to irrigated wheat were studied during two years. Residual N recovery by soybean grown after the wheat was also studied. The maximum grain productivity was obtained with 92 kg.ha-1 of N. The efficiency of 15N-urea utilization ranged from 52% to 85%. The main loss of applied 15N, 5% to 12% occurred as ammonia volatilized from urea applied on soil surface. The N loss by leaching even at the N rate of 135 kg.ha-1, was less than 1% of applied 15N, due to the low amount of rainfall during the wheat...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Nitrogen fertilization; Efficiency; Ammonia; Volatilization.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0006-87052004000200011

Effects of Yucca schidigera on gas mitigation in livestock production: A review
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Sun,Deng-Sheng; Jin,Xiao; Shi,Binlin; Xu,Yuanqing; Yan,Sumei.
ABSTRACT Yucca schidigera extract (YSE) has received much interest in the application of manure deodorization and hazardous gas mitigation in livestock rearing conditions. The main objective of this review article was to summarize the current knowledge regarding YSE towards its gas mitigation from livestock excrement. Saponins have been considered to be vital components of YSE in odor control and gas reduction in intensive farming industry due to their potentials in lowering methane for ruminants and ammonia for monogastric animals. This review article mainly covered the studies in ruminants, especially focused on in vitro environment. It also summarized possible reasons of the conflicting results among studies from the perspective of experimental design...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Yucca schidigera; Livestock; Ammonia; Methane; Ruminal fermentation.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132017000100701

Evaluation of preprandial and postprandial serum bile acids and plasma ammonia concentrations in healthy domestic cats and the effects of frozen storage on plasma ammonia concentrations
Provedor de dados: 62
Autores: KOGIKA,Márcia Mery; IMAGAWA,Viviane Higuchi; LUCAS,Silvia Regina Ricci; MIRANDOLA,Regina Mieko Sakata; HAGIWARA,Mitika Kuribayashi.
The evaluation of hepatic diseases in cats requires many laboratorial tests, and those routinely used are less conclusive. Considering the little availability of data and controversies related to the subject, we decided to study the preprandial and postprandial serum bile acids and plasma ammonia levels, and the effects of storage on these values. Preprandial (fasting) and postprandial serum bile acid (SBA) levels of 20 adult, healthy cats were determined using the enzymatic method. The measured values were 0.5 ± 0.1 and 3.6 ± 1.0 µmol/L, respectively. The preprandial and postprandial plasma ammonia (PA) levels, obtained 30 minutes after blood collection, 157.0 ± 18.7 µg/dL or 89.5 ± 10.7 µmol/L and 295.3 ± 28.2 µg/dL or 165.2 ± 17.3 µmol/L, were...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Bile acids; Ammonia; Cats.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-95961999000300001

Evaluation of preprandial and postprandial serum bile acids and plasma ammonia concentrations in healthy dogs, and the effects of frozen storage on plasma ammonia concentrations
Provedor de dados: 62
Autores: KOGIKA,Márcia Mery; MATSUURA,Shinobu; HAGIWARA,Mitika Kuribayashi; MIRANDOLA,Regina Mieko Sakata; ORTOLANI,Enrico Lippi.
Preprandial and postprandial (2 and 4 hours) serum bile acids (SBA) and pre and postprandial (2 hours) plasma ammonia concentrations were evaluated. Additionally, the effects of freezing (for 24 and 48 hours at -20ºC) were observed on plasma ammonia concentrations in 22 healthy dogs. The preprandial SBA concentration was 2.1 ± 0.3 mmol/l and 7.5 ± 1.2 mmol/l and 7.8 ± 1.4 mmol/l for samples obtained 2 and 4 hours after feeding, respectively. Fasting and postprandial (2 hours) plasma ammonia concentrations were significantly different when measurement was performed within 30 minutes after blood collection (118.2 ± 13.2 mg/dl or 67.3 ± 7.5 mmol/l and 227.9 ± 59.2 mg/dl or 129.9 ± 33.7 mmol/l), but the difference between pre and postprandial concentrations...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Bile acids; Ammonia; Dogs.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-95961999000100005

Effect of age and gender on sweat lactate and ammonia concentrations during exercise in the heat
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Meyer,F.; Laitano,O.; Bar-Or,O.; McDougall,D.; Heigenhauser,G.J.F.
The dependence of sweat composition and acidity on sweating rate (SR) suggests that the lower SR in children compared to adults may be accompanied by a higher level of sweat lactate (Lac-) and ammonia (NH3) and a lower sweat pH. Four groups (15 girls, 18 boys, 8 women, 8 men) cycled in the heat (42ºC, 20% relative humidity) at 50% VO2max for two 20-min bouts with a 10-min rest before bout 1 and between bouts. Sweat was collected into plastic bags attached to the subject's lower back. During bout 1, sweat from girls and boys had higher Lac- concentrations (23.6 ± 1.2 and 21.2 ± 1.7 mM; P &lt; 0.05) than sweat from women and men (18.2 ± 1.9 and 14.8 ± 1.6 mM, respectively), but Lac- was weakly associated with SR (P &gt; 0.05; r = -0.27). Sweat Lac-...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Sweat pH; Electrolytes; Ammonia; Lactate.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2007000100017

Ammonia determines transcriptional profile of microorganisms in anaerobic digestion
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Zhang,Nan; Peng,Huijuan; Li,Yong; Yang,Wenxiu; Zou,Yuneng; Duan,Huiguo.
ABSTRACT Anaerobic digestion is important for the management of livestock manure with high ammonia level. Although ammonia effects on anaerobic digestion have been comprehensively studied, the molecular mechanism underlying ammonia inhibition still remains elusive. In this study, based on metatranscriptomic analysis, the transcriptional profile of microbial community in anaerobic digestion under low (1500 mg L-1) and high NH4 + (5000 mg L-1) concentrations, respectively, were revealed. The results showed that high NH4 + concentrations significantly inhibited methane production but facilitated the accumulations of volatile fatty acids. The expression of methanogenic pathway was significantly inhibited by high NH4 + concentration but most of the other...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Anaerobic digestion; Ammonia; Pathway; Gene expression; Methanogenesis.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822018000400770

Inventory of Ammonia Emissions from Livestock Production in Los Lagos and Los Ríos Regions, Chile
Provedor de dados: 117
Autores: Martínez-Lagos,Josué; Salazar,Francisco; Alfaro,Marta; Misselbrook,Tom  H.
This paper presents the first inventory of ammonia emissions from livestock production in Los Lagos and Los Ríos Regions of Chile. The inventory was focused in this area because is where cattle production is concentrated. This study aimed to quantify the amount of N losses due to ammonia volatilization from livestock production in these regions of the country, and to provide its spatial representation identifying their main sources. Calculations have been carried out for 1997 and 2007, and also projections to 2017 and 2027 were obtained. Calculated emissions were 6097 and 6206 t NH3-N for 1997 and 2007, respectively. Major sources of NH3-N emissions were cattle accounting for more than 85%, followed by horses and pigs. Farm management practices as grazing,...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Ammonia; Inventory; Livestock production; Emissions.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392010000100010

Nitrogen availability in an apple orchard with weed management
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Brunetto,Gustavo; Oliveira,Bruno Salvador; Ambrosini,Vítor Gabriel; Couto,Rafael da Rosa; Sete,Paula Beatriz; Santos Junior,Elano dos; Loss,Arcângelo; Silva,Lincon Oliveira Stefanello da; Gatiboni,Luciano Colpo.
ABSTRACT: Weed management in apple orchards (Malus domestica) can affect the leaching of nitrogen (N) in soil. The study aimed to evaluate the potential leaching of N forms in soil of an apple orchard with different weed management treatments. The experiment was conducted in an apple orchard implanted in 2008. In October 2011, 80 plants were selected and the following treatments were implemented: no weed management (NM), desiccation of weeds on the tree row with herbicide use (DR) and mechanical mowing of weeds on the tree row (MR). Yield was evaluated in the 2011/2012, 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 crop seasons. In May 2012 porous cup lysimeters were installed in the NM, DR and MR treatments. In the solution collected at 0.20m, NH4 +-N and NO3 --N were analyzed...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Mineral N; Nitrate; Ammonia; Malus domestica.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782018000500251

Zeolites in poultry and swine production
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Schneider,Aline Félix; Zimmermann,Otavio Fernando; Gewehr,Clóvis Eliseu.
ABSTRACT: Zeolites are minerals that have intriguing properties such as water absorption, ion adsorption and cation exchange capacity. There are approximately 80 species of natural zeolites recognized and hundreds of artificial zeolites, which have been researched in several fields. Due to their chemical characteristics, zeolites have great potential for use in animal production, especially in poultry and swine farms, as food additives, litter amendment and treatment of residues, with direct and indirect effects on performance, yield and quality of carcass, ambience of farm sheds and reduction of environmental pollution.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ammonia; Moisture; Pollution; Poultry; Swine.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782017000800652