Consulta: subjectFacets:"Antibiotics"
Registros recuperados: 95
Data/hora: 10/06/2024 17:07:02

Methanogenic toxicity evaluation of chlortetracycline hydrochloride
Provedor de dados: 69
Autores: Reyes-Contreras,Carolina; Vidal,Gladys.
Background Anaerobic digestion is a technology applied successfully to converting organic matter into biogas. However, the presence of inhibitory compounds such as antibiotics can adversely affect methane production. The aim of this study is to evaluate the toxic effect of chlortetracycline hydrochloride (CLOR) on the methanogenic bacteria. In order to study the methanogenic toxicity of CLOR, different concentrations of CLOR (10, 50, 100, 200 mg L- 1) were evaluated by methanogenic toxicity assays using three feedings. Results Maximum methane production was obtained for the assays with 10 mg CLOR L- 1, the values obtained were 277 ± 4.07; 193 ± 11.31 and 166 ± 7.07 mL for the first, second and third feedings, respectively. The average values for acetic,...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Antibiotics; Anaerobic batch assay; Bacterial inhibition; Volatile fatty acids.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582015000600010

Detection and characterization of Wolbachia infection in silkworm
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Zha,Xingfu; Zhang,Wenji; Zhou,Chunyan; Zhang,Liying; Xiang,Zhonghuai; Xia,Qingyou.
Wolbachia naturally infects a wide variety of arthropods, where it plays important roles in host reproduction. It was previously reported that Wolbachia did not infect silkworm. By means of PCR and sequencing we found in this study that Wolbachia is indeed present in silkworm. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that Wolbachia infection in silkworm may have occurred via transfer from parasitic wasps. Furthermore, Southern blotting results suggest a lateral transfer of the wsp gene into the genomes of some wild silkworms. By antibiotic treatments, we found that tetracycline and ciprofloxacin can eliminate Wolbachia in the silkworm and Wolbachia is important to ovary development of silkworm. These results provide clues towards a more comprehensive understanding...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Wolbachia; Silkworm; Wsp; Antibiotics.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572014000400014

Uso de antibióticos alternativos para controle de bactérias endógenas visando a micropropagação da mangueira.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: ANDRADE, S. R. M. de; TEIXEIRA, J. B.; PINTO, A. C. de Q.; JUNQUEIRA, N. T. V.; FALEIRO, F. G.; VARGAS RAMOS, V. H.
bitstream/CPAC-2009/25334/1/p2004_49.pdf
Tipo: Fôlder / Folheto / Cartilha (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Controle; Plant diseases; Mango.; Bactéria; Antibiótico; Doença de Planta; Explante; Manga; Mangifera Indica.; Antibiotics; Explants.; Disease control.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/568291

Nova evidência comprovando ser a bactéria Pantoea ananatis o agente etiológico da mancha-branca-do-milho (mancha-de-phaeosphaeria).
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: PEDRO, E. dos S.; GONÇALVES, R. M.; FIGUEIREDO, J. E. F.; MEIRELLES, W. F.; COSTA, R. V.; COTA, L. V.; SILVA, D. D. da; PACCOLA-MEIRELLES, L. D.
A mancha-de-Phaeosphaeria (MF), também conhecida como mancha-branca-do-milho (MBM ), é uma das principais doenças foliares do milho no Brasil. Ela apresenta ampla distribuição nas áreas de produção de milho e pode causar perdas de produtividade de até 60%. Apesar da importância da doença, sua etiologia continua um assunto de controvérsia e debate. Diferentes espécies de fungos: Phaeosphaeria maydis, Phoma sorghina e Sporormiella sp., e a bactéria Pantoea ananatis foram relatados como agentes causadores da doença MF/MBM. No presente trabalho, são estudados o efeito inibitório do antibiótico Mycoshield (oxitetraciclina 17%) sobre o crescimento de P. ananatis in vitro e a sua eficácia no controle da doença MF/MBM no campo. Plantas de dois híbridos de milho...
Tipo: Boletim de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Erwinia ananas; Oxitetraciclina; Doença de planta; Zea mays; Antibiótico; Controle químico; Etiologia; Chemical control; Plant diseases and disorders; Antibiotics.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/979799

Sensibilidade antimicrobiana de Staphylococcus aureus isolados no leite de cabras com mastite subclínica.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: SOUZA, V. de; MARTINS, P. Y. F.; PINTO, D. dos S.; FERNANDES, D. R.; LIMA, A. R.
Os resultados obtidos ressaltam a importância da avaliação da sensibilidade antimicrobiana in vitro para cepas de Staphylococcus aureus isolados de casos de mastite, antes da indicação do tratamento para os animais, para dificultar a seleção de estirpes resistentes.
Tipo: Comunicado Técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Bacterial diseases; Caprino; Cabra leiteira; Doença animal; Mamite; Staphylococcus Aureus; Bactéria; Antibiótico; Goats; Mastitis; Mammary gland diseases; Antibiotics.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1087468

Uso de antimicrobianos na produção de bovinos e desenvolvimento da resistência.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: ANDREOTTI, R.; NICODEMO, M. L. F.
A introdução de agentes antimicrobianos no uso terapêutico foi revolucionária no combate às doenças causadas por bactérias no meio do século passado. Na alimentação animal, nos anos de 1950, contribuiu para o aumento considerável da produção animal. Atualmente, isto está em discussão por causa do desenvolvimento de resistência bacteriana e do seu impacto no tratamento de doenças em humanos. O uso de antibióticos na produção animal é considerado pela Orgnização Mundial de Saúde um risco crescente para a saúna humana. Este documento pretende contribuir para a discussão sobre o controle dos antimicrobianos em bovinos de corte, levantando informações disponíveis na literatura internacional as tendências das regulamentações, sem, contudo, ser exaustivo.
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Controle; Resistance to chemicals; Residues; Control; Management.; Bovino; Antibiótico; Manejo; Nutrição Animal; Resíduo; Resistência a Produtos Químicos.; Antibiotics; Animal nutrition; Cattle.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/320735

Interação nutrição e sistema imune em frango de corte e aditivos promotores de crescimento.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: TAVERNARI, F. de C.
Com o uso dos antibióticos os nutricionistas têm buscado alternativas para solucionar problemas d ordem sanitária e/ou melhorar o desempenho animal, propondo a utilização de produtos alternativos como probióticos, prebióticos, enzimas, óleos essenciais, glutamina, entre outros.
Tipo: Artigo de divulgação na mídia (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Animal nutriton; Nutrição animal; Frango de corte; Antibiótico; Broiler chickens; Antibiotics.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1031287

Teste de resistência antimicrobiana in vitro de Staphylococcus aureus isolados no leite de cabras com mastite.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: MENEZES, L. M. F.; ÂNGELO, F. F.; ALCINDO, J. F.; SÁ, D. M. A. T.; SOUZA, V. de.
Resumo: A mastite é uma das doenças mais comuns em propriedades leiteiras causando prejuízos, principalmente pela redução na produção de leite decorrente da invasão do agente infeccioso no epitélio secretor da glândula mamária. O uso de antibióticos adequados é uma importante ferramenta para o tratamento da enfermidade, sendo que deverão ser empregados de forma criteriosa, uma vez que a resistência bacteriana aos fármacos é a principal causa de falha de terapias. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o perfil de sensibilidade antimicrobiana in vitro de cepas de Staphylococcus aureus isolados de amostras de leite de cabras, obtidas a partir de casos de mastite subclínica de um rebanho do Estado de Minas Gerais e São Paulo. Verificou-se que a...
Tipo: Livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Ampicilina; Rifampicina; Doença Animal; Mamite; Antibiótico; Tratamento; Saúde Pública; Goat milk; Mastitis; Antibiotics; Chemical treatment.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1125037

Imunonutrição: uma oportunidade a considerar.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: KRABBE, E. L.
bitstream/item/93136/1/final7282.pdf
Tipo: Artigo de divulgação na mídia (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Imunonutrição; Immunonutrition; Nutrição animal; Avicultura; Antibiótico; Animal nutrition; Aviculture; Antibiotics.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/972037

Uso de antibioticos para controle de bacteria endogena em explantes de mangueira (Mangifera indica L.).
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: ANDRADE, S. R. M.; PINTO, A. C. Q.; TEIXEIRA, J. B.
bitstream/CPAC-2009/24376/1/p2003_43.pdf
Tipo: Fôlder / Folheto / Cartilha (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Plant diseases; Mango; Fruit; Copper sulphate.; Bactéria; Antibiótico; Controle Cultural; Doença de Planta; Explante; Fruta; Manga; Mangifera Indica; Sulfato de Cobre.; Antibiotics; Explants.; Cultural control.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/567486

Voluntary feed intake and discrimination of diets containing a novel fluoroquinolone in self-fed rainbow trout
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Boujard, Thierry; Le Gouvello, Raphaela.
The objective of the study was to evaluate the capacity of rainbow trout to discriminate diets containing micro-granulated or powdered novel fluoroquinolone in comparison with a positive (containing sulfamerazine sodium) and a negative control (placebo). In a first trial, groups of trout had access to a self-feeder containing the placebo feed for 10 days, and then to one of the four feeds during another period of 10 days. Fish reduced their voluntary feed intake (VFI) by more than 50 % when they had access to the positive control, and by more than 20 % when they had access to feed containing micro-granulated premix. There was no significant decrease in VFI when the fish had access to feed containing powdered premix, but in this latter case, an increase in...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Truite arc-en-ciel; Distributeurs à la demande; Appétit; Acceptabilité; Antibiotiques; Oncorhynchus mykiss; Rainbow trout; Self-feeding; Voluntary feed intake; Antibiotics.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00335/44651/57341.pdf

Ecologie bacterienne dans les bacs d'elevage larvaire de coquilles Saint-Jacques (Pecten maximus )
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Jacq, E; Moal, Jeanne; Samain, Jean-francois; Corre, S; Daniel, J; Nicolas, Jean-louis; Cochard, Jean-claude; Fera, P.
Larval rearings were performed with seawater either freshly pumped or after storage in a pond. Concerning bacterial populations these waters were characterized by a high diversity, little sized bacteria whose few of them (1%) were cultivable on Zobell medium. In the tanks, the bacterial ecosystem was modified by the presence of antibiotics, larvae and algae: the diversity was lowered, the cellular volume was increased by a factor 2 to 5, 100% bacteria were cultivable and chloramphenicol resistant, and their metabolism changed. Taxonomic screening showed no differences among the two waters neither at the beginning nor at the end of the rearings. However, depending on the water (stored or not) differences were identified for bacterial physiology and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marine aquaculture; Pond culture; Scallop culture; Ecology; Antibiotics; Organic matter; Grazing; Carbohydrates; Mathematical models; Modelling; Growth; Bacterial diseases; Biological production; Culture tanks; Larvae; Rearing.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-914.pdf

Techniques de cultures axeniques d'organismes planctoniques: Un rotifere, Brachionus plicatilis et une algue, Platymonas (= Tetraselmis ) suecica.
Provedor de dados: 5
The efficiency of different methods for the purification and maintenance of axenic cultures of a rotifer and an unicellular alga is tested. The use of antibiotics seems to be the most suitable method to realize bacteria-free cultures of plankton. No elements prove that the presence of bacteria is necessary for the development of the cultures. Bacteria-free cultures show a physiological evolution of the culture medium is enriched with some nutrients.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Brachionus plicatilis; Rotifera; Algae; Bacteria; Antibiotics; Algal culture; Laboratory culture.
Ano: 1983
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1983/publication-1823.pdf

Worms’ Antimicrobial Peptides
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bruno, Renato; Maresca, Marc; Canaan, Stéphane; Cavalier, Jean-françois; Mabrouk, Kamel; Boidin-wichlacz, Céline; Olleik, Hamza; Zeppilli, Daniela; Brodin, Priscille; Massol, François; Jollivet, Didier; Jung, Sasha; Tasiemski, Aurélie.
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are natural antibiotics produced by all living organisms. In metazoans, they act as host defense factors by eliminating microbial pathogens. But they also help to select the colonizing bacterial symbionts while coping with specific environmental challenges. Although many AMPs share common structural characteristics, for example having an overall size between 10–100 amino acids, a net positive charge, a γ-core motif, or a high content of cysteines, they greatly differ in coding sequences as a consequence of multiple parallel evolution in the face of pathogens. The majority of AMPs is specific of certain taxa or even typifying species. This is especially the case of annelids (ringed worms). Even in regions with extreme...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Antibiotics; Annelids; Nematodes; AMP; Extremophiles.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00511/62307/66556.pdf

Histomorphometric Changes in the Testes and Epididymis of Wistar Strain Albino Rats Following Fourteen Days Oral Administration of Therapeutic Doses of Some Antibiotics
Provedor de dados: 77
Autores: Awobajo,F. O; Raji,Y; Akinloye,A. K.
Studies on testes and epididymis tissue of rats treated orally for fourteen days with therapeutic doses of cloxacillin (6mg/100g/day), ampicillin (4mg/100/day) and tetracycline (12mg/100g/day) separately showed a significant reduction in testicular and epididimis architecture. Microscopic studies of these male reproductive organs further revealed a significant alteration in the epididymis as revealed by a significant reduction (p&lt;0.05) in epididymal ductular diameter (EDD), and epididymal epithelial height (EEH) in treated group of animals. A significant increase (p&lt;0.05) was however recorded in epididymal luminal diameter (ELD) in all the animals after the two and three week's recovery period allowed. This gives another insight into the toxicity...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Antibiotics; Testes; Epididymis; Histomorphometry.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022010000400047

Antibacterial potential of a basic phospholipase A2(VRV-PL-VIIIa) from Daboia russelii pulchella (Russell's viper) venom
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Sudharshan,Shivalingaiah; Dhananjaya,Bhadrapura Lakkappa.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Snake venom; Bactericidal; Antibiotics; Drug; Human pathogenic bacteria.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992015000100322

Effet de la photocatalyse hétérogène sur l’activité antibactérienne de la spiramycine et sur la biomasse bactérienne de &lt;Staphyloccocus xylosus&gt;
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Hindili, R.; Ben Said, O.; Alatrache, A.; Tajouri, T.; Aissa, P.
De nos jours, l’utilisation immodérée et massive des antibiotiques a conduit à l’accroissement du phénomène de l’antibiorésistance pouvant induire la réapparition des épidémies incurables. Dans ce cadre apparait la photocatalyse hétérogène comme une technologie alternative pour dépolluer les eaux contaminées par de telles molécules. Pour cela on a étudié la dégradation photocatalytique de la spiramycine, antibiotique fréquemment utilisé dans la médecine vétérinaire. Nous avons évalué par la suite son activité antibactérienne au cours de sa photocatalyse qui a révélé une perte de toute activité antibactérienne au bout de 45 minutes vis-à-vis Staphylococcus xylosus. Enfin, nous avons testé l’impact de ce processus sur la biomasse bactérienne du même germe...
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: Antibiotics.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/5899

Caractérisation préliminaire à partir de la lagune de Bizerte (Tunisie) des bactéries tolérantes aux hydrocarbures aromatiques polycliques (HAPS)
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Duran, R.; El Bour, M.; Ben Said, O.; Goni, M. S.; Dalleli, M.; Aissa, P.
م إنجاز هذه الدراسة  لهدف عَزَلَ بَكْتِيريَا قادرة على استعمالتم إنجاز هذه الدراسة  لهدف عَزَلَ بَكْتِيريَا قادرة على استعمال الهيدروكربنات و مقاومة للمعادن والمضادات الحيوية و في هذا الإطار  تم أخذ عينات من الماء و التربة على مستوى  16محطة موزعة ببحيرة بنزرت. كما تم عزل البكتيريا بطريقة الإثراء  باستعمال وسط مائي معدني زائد هيدروكربنات (fluoranthène) وقد توصلنا في عملية أولية من عزل 130  من الأجذال المختلفة من البكتيريا والتي تم تعريفها عبر الخاصيات  الشكلية و البيوكيميائية. وأثبتت  النتائج الأولية أن البكتيريا القادرة على استعمال الهيدروكربنات تنتمي لمجموعات مختلفةGram – و  Gram+  على التَّوَالِي بنسبتي 65% و 35 %. وتضم مجموعة البكتيريا من نوع العصيات  Gram – أكبر عدد من الأجذال المعزولة (74 %). ختاما نشير أن دراسة قدرة الأجذال على مقاومة المعادن...
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: Bacteria; Antibiotics; Biodegradation; Control resistance; Heavy metals; Hydrocarbons; Pollution monitoring; Antibiotics; Biodegradation; Heavy metals; Hydrocarbons; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_492; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_9261; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2223; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3719.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/4257

Etude de la résistance aux antibiotiques des bactéries isolées de "mytilus galloprovincialis.
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: El Bour, M.; Bouamama, K.; El Abed, O.
L’étude des résistances vis-à-vis de différentes substances antibiotiques pour des espèces bactériennes (aérobies et anaérobies) isolées chez Mytilus galloprovincialis a été réalisée par la méthode standard de l’antibiogramme. Ainsi, 50 souches bactériennes aérobies et 20 souches anaérobies appartenant à plus de 25 espèces différentes ont été isolées et testées. Les résultats obtenus montrent des profils à plusieurs résistances vis-à-vis des différentes familles  d’antibiotiques testés. Les résultats obtenus révèlent des profils à 12 résistances différentes notamment chez l’espèce anaérobie (Propioni acnes). Aussi, chez l’espèce aérobie pré dominante ( Aeromonas hydrophila) nous avons mis en évidence au moins 6 antibiotypes différents. Ces résultats...
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: Antibiotics; Bacterial diseases; Control resistance; Ecology; Eutrophication; Indicator species; Microbiological analysis; Bacteria; Mytilus galloprovincialis; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_765; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_31155.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/4266

Detección de actividades biológicas en microorganismos marinos aislados de la plataforma cubana
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Ortiz, E.; Coya, L.; González, L.; Graña, L.; Pérez, G.; Sánchez, S.
En este trabajo se evaluaron 126 cepas de bacterias y actinomicetos marinos aislados de diferentes regiones de la plataforma cubana. Los resultados evidencian el potencial biotecnológico de estos microorganismos aislados ya que presentaron actividad contra patógenos considerados como intratables clínicamente y hongos fitopátogenos. Además se detectaron microorganismos potencialmente productores de antitumorales.
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: Antibiotics; Antibiotics; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_492.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/3660

Bacterias antárticas y agentes antibacterianos
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Dominguez, M.
La Antártica se ha constituido en una región de gran interés científico debido a las condiciones extremas que allí se presentan, en especial, de temperatura y radiación ultravioleta. En el campo de la microbiología, las investigaciones se han enfocado, principalmente, en el estudio de la biodiversidad bacteriana, lo que ha llevado a la descripción de nuevas especies, y también gran interés ha despertado la producción de compuestos con aplicaciones biotecnológicas. Entre éstos se encuentran los que pudieran presentar actividad antibacteriana, de gran importancia debido a que uno de los mayores problemas de los últimos años es la emergencia de patógenos intrahospitalarios con una amplia resistencia a los agentes antibacterianos disponibles, no existiendo...
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: Bacteria; Antibiotics; Antibiotics; Bacteria; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_492; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_765.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/3365

Stability analysis of chickpea large genomic DNA inserts in Agrobacterium
Provedor de dados: 30
Autores: Rajesh, P.N.
Palavras-chave: Cloning; Genomes; Plasmids; DNA; Chickpeas; Genetic transformation; Chromosomes; Antibiotics; Bacteria; Genes.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://agropedia.iitk.ac.in/openaccess/?q=node/3293

Combined application of Pseudomonas fluorescens and Trichoderma viride has an improved biocontrol activity against stem rot in groundnut
Provedor de dados: 30
Autores: Manjula, K.
Palavras-chave: Biological control; Biochemical compounds; Bacteria; Poultry equipment; Fungi; Enzymes; Fungicides; Antibiotics; Seed treatment; Chitin.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://agropedia.iitk.ac.in/openaccess/?q=node/3322

Bud Necrosis:Bud Necrosis: A Disease of Groundnut Caused by Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus
Provedor de dados: 30
Autores: D.V.R.
Palavras-chave: Necrosis; ELISA; Groundnuts; Sucrose; Amines; Insecticides; Cytoplasmic organelles; Poultry equipment; Viruses; Antibiotics.
Ano: 1990
URL: http://agropedia.iitk.ac.in/openaccess/?q=node/4665

Live-food mediated drug delivery as a tool for disease treatment in larviculture: 2. A case study with European seabass
Provedor de dados: 27
Autores: Chair, M.; Romdhane, M.S.; Dehasque, M.; Nelis, H.; De Leenheer, A.P.; Sorgeloos, P.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the possibility of oral delivery of the antibiotics Trimethoprim (TMP) and Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) to marine fish larvae through incorporation of these antibiotics into the live food organism &lt;i&gt;Artemia&lt;/i&gt;. SMX and TMP were selected for their wide range action against gram negative pathogenic bacteria and because of their limited solubility in seawater. Ormetoprim-Sulfadimethoxine (brand name Romet-30) is a new combination of a similar antimicrobial drug used in aquaculture. Diseased penaeid larvae fed Romet-30 through the food chain exhibited greater survival than the untreated ones. In an earlier study Verpraet have described a technique for bioencapsulating high doses of more than 500 mu g TMP +...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Antibiotics; Aquaculture techniques; Disease control; Fish culture; Fish larvae; Food additives; Food organisms; Dicentrarchus labrax [Bass].
Ano: 1991
URL: http://www.vliz.be/nl/open-marien-archief?module=ref&refid=2805

Residual effects of successive exposure of soybean Bradyrhizobium strains to aluminium on solid defined medium
Provedor de dados: 86
Autores: Campo,Rubens José; Wood,Martin.
The aim of these studies was to investigate whether residual toxic effects of exposing soybean root nodule bacteria to Al in a solid defined media (SDM) alter tolerance to Al, survival, sensitivity to antibiotics, N2 fixation effectiveness and genetic diversity of Bradyrhizobium strains. After being exposed four times to Al, strains showed variation in Al tolerance but there was no evidence of change in their original Al tolerance, sensitivity to the antibiotics or genetic diversity. Exposure of Bradyrhizobium strains to SDM plus Al did not alter biological N2 fixation effectiveness of five strains. Strain SEMIA 587 showed a reduction in its N2 fixation effectiveness but it seems that it was just a superficial toxic effect because one single passage...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Nitrogen fixation; Antibiotics; Resistance to chemicals; Genetic variation.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2001001100011

Growth regulators, culture media and antibiotics in the in vitro shoot regeneration from mature tissue of citrus cultivars
Provedor de dados: 86
Autores: Oliveira,Maria Luiza Peixoto de; Costa,Marcio Gilberto Cardoso; Silva,Crislene Viana da; Otoni,Wagner Campos.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) combinations, basal media and beta-lactam antibiotics on in vitro organogenesis from mature stem segments of 'Pêra', 'Valência' and 'Bahia' sweet oranges and 'Cravo' rangpur lime. For induction of shoot regeneration, the segments of the four cultivars were placed on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing the following BAP/NAA concentrations: 0.0/0.0; 0.25/0.0; 0.25/0.25; 0.5/0.0; 0.5/0.5; 1.0/0.0; 2.0/0.0; 2.0/0.25; 2.0/0.5; and 2.0/1.0 mg L-1. In order to test the influence of the culture media on shoot-bud induction, (MS), Murashige and Tucker (MT), and woody plant medium (WPM) formulations were evaluated, associated with the best...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Citrus limonia; C. sinensis; Adult tissues; Antibiotics; Organogenesis.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2010000700004

MORBIDITY/MORTALITY AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT OF SWINE IN THE UNITED STATES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bush,   Eric J.
A national survey on swine health was conducted by the National Animal Health Monitoring System ( NAHMS ) from December 1989 through January 1991. The survey sample was designed in collaboration with the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS ) in order to provide inferences about the nation's hog population, 95 percent of which was represented. The program consisted of two parts: the first was a general farm management and policy questionnaire  that was completed by 1,661 producers. The second part of the program was a monitoring phase that took place over a three-month period for each of 712 participating producers. Per litter estimates for the national population showed an average of 9.9 piglets born alive and 8.4 weaned. Estimates attributed 57...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Swine; Monitoring; Epidemiology; Production; Morbidity; Mortality; Births; Litter size; Prevention; Disease; Docking; Teeth clipping; Vaccination; Injection; Antibiotics; Water quality; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32761

DAIRY HEIFER MORBIDITY, MORTALITY, AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT FOCUSING ON PREWEANED HEIFERS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ott,   Stephen L.
The National Dairy Heifer Evaluation Project ( NDHEP ) was conducted by the National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS ) from April 1991 through July 1992. A total of 921 producers monitored calves on a daily basis from the first through the eighth week of life; results were extrapolated to the U.S. dairy population. Mortality of heifer calves was examined according to region ( west, midwest, northeast, southeast ). Mortality was highest in the western region ( 9.1 percent ) and lowest in the midwestern region ( 5.6 percent ). Calf deaths were highest in the two quarters October-December and January-March ( 8.4 percent each quarter ) and lowest in the quarter April-June ( 5.2 percent ). The overall average of stillborn calves was 1.6 percent. Calving...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Dairy; Cattle; Monitoring; Epidemiology; Preweaning; Heifer; Production; Diseases; Morbidity; Mortality; Death; Illness; Respiratory; Reproduction; Digestive; Musculoskeletal; Nervous system; Mastitis; Maternity; Injections; Antibiotics; Milk replacer; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32756

Productivity and Economic Effects of Antibiotics Used for Growth Promotion in U.S. Pork Production
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Miller,   Gay Y.; Algozin,   Kenneth A.; McNamara,   Paul E.; Bush,   Eric J.
Public health experts are concerned about the diminishing efficacy of antibiotics.  Some have called for a ban on growth-promoting antibiotics in animal agriculture.  This study identifies the contribution of growth-promoting antibiotics in the grower/finisher phase of U.S. pork production.  With National Animal Health Monitoring System swine data, relationships are estimated between growth-promoting antibiotic use and productivity.  Results indicate improvements in average daily gain (0.5%), feed conversion ratio (1.1%), and mortality rate (reduced 0.22 percentage points); these productivity improvements translate into a profitability gain of $0.59 per pig marketed, or an improvement of 9% in net profits associated with growth promotion antibiotics.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Antibiotics; Economics; Growth promotants; Productivity; Resistance; Swine; Q12; Q18.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43146

Subtherapeutic Antibiotics and U.S. Broiler Production
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: MacDonald,   James M.; Wang,   Sun Ling.
We use data from a recent national survey to analyze the use of subtherapeutic antibiotics (STAs) among producers of broilers. STAs are included in feed or water and are intended to prevent disease or promote growth. Producers who do not use STAs instead rely on a set of other practices, including pathogen testing, expanded sanitary protocols, altered feeding regimens, and HACCP plans, to maintain production. We find that producers who do not use STAs realize levels of production that are slightly lower, given other inputs, than STA users, but the differences are not statistically significant. STA users realize lower payments per pound than those who are not users. The 4 percent difference, which is statistically significant, suggests that STA users have...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Antibiotics; Broilers; Production; Industrial Organization; Livestock Production/Industries; Production Economics; Q12.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49198

Sub-therapeutic Antibiotics and Impacts on U.S. Hog Farms
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: McBride,   William D.; Key,   Nigel D.; Mathews,   Kenneth H., Jr.
Antimicrobial drugs are fed to hogs at sub-therapeutic levels to prevent disease and promote growth. However, there is concern that the presence of antimicrobial drugs in hog feed is a factor promoting the development of antimicrobial drug-resistant bacteria. This study describes the extent to which antibiotics are used in hog production and how this changed between 2004 and 2009. This study also uses a sample-selection model to examine the impact that use has on the productivity of U.S. hog operations. Using hog producer data from 2004, the analysis did not find a relationship between productivity and sub-therapeutic antibiotics fed during finishing, but productivity was significantly improved when fed to nursery pigs. These results are being evaluated...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Antibiotics; Hogs; Sample selection; Farm Management; Production Economics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103232

REFERENCE OF 1996 U.S. REGIONAL SHEEP HEALTH AND MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wineland,   Nora.
In 1995, the National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS) collaborated with the Research and Education Division of the American Sheep Industry Association (ASI) in developing a needs assessment tool to identify the most important health and productivity factors for the sheep industry. In collaboration with the USDA's National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), a statistically designed producer sample was selected to provide estimates for the United States sheep population in the 48 contiguous states.   The NAHMS/ASI questionnaires were mailed to 19,807 sheep operations in January 1996; data were received and summarized from 5,174 respondents. It was estimated that in the 48 contiguous states, there were approximately 8,433,400 sheep as of January...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Sheep; Health; Disease; Death; Morbidity; Mortality; Economics; Predators; Vaccinations; Antibiotics; Income; Worms; Reproduction; Profitability; Regions; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32751

SWINE '95 PART III: CHANGES IN THE U.S. PORK INDUSTRY, 1990-1995
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bush,   Eric J.
This report is the third of a three-part release of national information from the second National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS) swine study. For the Swine '95 study, the USDA's National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) collaborated with Veterinary Services (VS) to select a producer sample that was statistically designed to provide inferences to the nation's swine population. Data collected for the study represented the top 16 pork states and nearly 91 percent of the U.S. hog inventory, as well as nearly three fourths of the nation's pork producers. In the 6 years from 1990 through 1995, hog and pig inventory estimates increased approximately 7 percent. The number of U.S. swine operations decreased more than 30 percent. The proportion of...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Swine; Monitoring; Epidemiology; Production; Mortality; Disease; Mortality; Demographic changes; Breeding; Waste management; Deworm; Antibiotics; Mange; Lice; Marketing; Culling; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32771

DAIRY '96, PART III: REFERENCE OF 1996 DAIRY HEALTH AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ott,   Stephen L.
The NAHMS Dairy '96 Study was designed to provide both participants and the industry with information on the nation's dairy animal population for education and research.  The USDA's National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) collaborated with NAHMS to select a statistically valid sample yielding 2,542 producers.  Included in the study were 20 states that represented 83.1 percent of the U.S. milk cows as of January 1, 1996.  Veterinary Medical Officers (VMO's) and Animal Health Technicians (AHT's) collected data for Part III from 1,219 operations that had 30 or more milk cows on January 1, 1996, from February 20 through May 24, 1996.   Contact for this paper: Steven Ott
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Dairy; Cattle; Health; Mastitis; Labor; Antibiotics; Biosecurity; Vaccination; Manure management; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32752

Lessons from the Danish ban on feed-grade antibiotics
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hayes,   Dermot J.; Jensen,   Helen H.
McDonald's Corporation, one of the largest buyers of meat in the U.S. fast-food industry, recently adopted a policy that prohibits its direct suppliers from using medically important antibiotics as growth promotants in food animals after 2004. Although the implications of such a voluntary ban in the United States remain to be seen, recent experiences in Denmark provide some comparable evidence on the effects for hog production. An economic analysis, compiled from information gleaned from interviews with Danish veterinarians, farmers, economists, and industry analysts, estimates the economic costs of an antibiotics ban on pork producers in the United States. Denmark first imposed a ban in pork production at the finishing stage, which was considered a...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Antibiotics; Economic costs of regulation; Food safety; Pork production; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36919

Do Antibiotics Reduce Production Risk for U.S. Pork Producers?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Liu,   Xuanli; Miller,   Gay Y.; McNamara,   Paul E.
We combine econometric and financial analyses of the NAHMS 2000 Swine Survey data to examine whether evidence exists for reducing risk by using antibiotics for growth promotion (AGP) in the U.S. swine industry. A stochastic dominance analysis of alternative lengths of time (days) of AGP application reveals that AGP used in the range of 65—75 days is preferred by risk-averse producers. Risk is reduced and profits are increased from use of AGP. The combined impacts of increased average daily gain and decreased variability in pig live weight increase producer profits by $2.99 per pig marketed.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Antibiotics; Growth promotion; Pigs; Risk; Stochastic dominance; Variability; D21; D61; D81; Q12; R32.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42785

Economics of Antibiotic Resistance: A Theory of Optimal Use
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Laxminarayan,   Ramanan; Brown,   Gardner M., Jr.
In recent years bacteria have become increasingly resistant to antibiotics, leading to a decline in the effectiveness of antibiotics in treating infectious disease. This paper uses a framework based on an epidemiological model of infection in which antibiotic effectiveness is treated as a nonrenewable resource. In the model presented, bacterial resistance (the converse of effectiveness) develops as a result of selective pressure on nonresistant strains due to antibiotic use. When two antibiotics are available, the optimal proportion and timing of their use depends precisely on the difference between the rates at which bacterial resistance to each antibiotic evolves and on the differences in their pharmaceutical costs. Standard numerical techniques are used...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Antibiotics; Disease; Externality; Livestock Production/Industries; Q3; I1.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10619

DAIRY HERD MANAGEMENT PRACTICES FOCUSING ON PREWEANED HEIFERS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ott,   Stephen L.
The National Dairy Heifer Evaluation Project ( NDHEP ) was conducted by the National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS ) from April 1991 through July 1992 with the assistance of 1,811 producers from 28 states. Producers included in the study each had herds of 30 or more milk cows, representing 78 percent of the milk cows in the U.S. The average total of cattle and calves on each operation was 169.4. The main breed on 94.9% of operations was Holstein. Slightly over 46 percent of operations stated reproductive problems as the cause of low milk production of cows culled from the herd. Newborn calves were separated from their mothers before nursing on 28.0 percent of operations and less than 12 hours after birth on 39.6 percent of operations. On 64.0...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Dairy; Cattle; Monitoring; Epidemiology; Preweaning; Heifer; Production; Morbidity; Mortality; Death loss; Illness; Colostrum; Calving; Dehorning; Vaccination; Scours; Antibiotics; Feed; Milk replacer; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32754

AN EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF ANTIBIOTICS BANS ON INVESTMENT IN APPLE ORCHARDS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hennessy,   David A.; Roosen,   Jutta.
The decision to replant a fire blight-susceptible apple orchard is analyzed.  Embedding the problem into an equilibrium framework facilitates the welfare analysis of changes in orchard survival probabilities arising from a ban on antibiotics use.  We estimate the structural impacts and welfare changes of the ban.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Antibiotics; Apple orchard; Dynamics; Equilibrium; Replanting; Resistance; Truncated Poisson process; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21698

Economic Analysis of Pharmaceutical Technologies in Modern Beef Production
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lawrence,   John D.; Ibarburu,   Maro A.
Cattle production is the largest single agricultural sector in the U.S. with cash receipts of $49.2 billion in 2005. Like the rest of agriculture cattle producers have adopted efficiency and quality improving technology to meet consumer demands for a safe, wholesome, and affordable food supply. This research uses meta analysis to combine over 170 research trials evaluating pharmaceutical technologies in the cow-calf, stocker, and feedlot segments of beef production. These results were used to estimate the farm level economic value of parasite control, growth promotant implants, sub-therapeutic antibiotics, ionophores, and beta agonists for the industry in 2005. The Food and Agriculture Policy Research Institute (FAPRI) model of U.S. agriculture was used to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cattle; Production cost; Growth promotants; Ionophores; Antibiotics; Parasite control; Beta-agonists.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37560

REFERENCE OF 1996 U.S. SHEEP HEALTH AND MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wineland,   Nora.
In 1995, the National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS) collaborated with the Research and Education Division of the American Sheep Industry Association (ASI) in developing a needs assessment tool to identify the most important health and productivity factors for the sheep industry. In collaboration with the USDA's National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), a statistically designed producer sample was selected to provide estimates for the United States sheep population in the 48 contiguous states. The NAHMS/ASI questionnaires were mailed to 19,807 sheep operations in January 1996; data were received and summarized from 5,174 respondents. It was estimated that in the 48 contiguous states, there were 82,040 operations with sheep as of 1995;...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Sheep; Health; Disease; Death; Morbidity; Mortality; Economics; Predators; Vaccinations; Antibiotics; Income; Worms; Reproduction; Profitability; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32743

DO ANTIBIOTICS REDUCE PRODUCTION RISK FOR U.S. PORK PRODUCERS?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Liu,   Xuanli; Miller,   Gay Y.; McNamara,   Paul E.
Production risk from live weight variation of market pigs has become a more important concern in U.S. swine production. Packers are concerned about the variation in carcass size because of the demand for standardized cuts and the use of automation in the slaughter process. Swine producers care about standardized pigs because of revenue implications and possible links to animal health and productivity. Pig size variation can be due to various condition and inputs including antibiotics. However, discussions on risk reduction from antibiotic use have generally not been considered. Our work extends previous studies by systematically examining the aspects of production risk reduction and highlights the potential results of banning antibiotics from a risk...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Production risk; Antibiotics; Swine; Utility; Stochastic dominance; Livestock Production/Industries; Risk and Uncertainty; Q10; Q12; Q14.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22026

SWINE '95 PART II: REFERENCE OF 1995 U.S. GROWER/FINISHER HEALTH AND  MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bush,   Eric J.
This report is the second of a three-part release of national information from the second National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS) swine study, the Swine '95 Grower/Finisher. The 1990 National Swine Survey focused on farrowing sows and preweaning piglets. For the Swine '95 Study, the USDA's National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) collaborated with Veterinary Services (VS) to select a producer sample that was statistically designed to provide inferences to the nation's swine population. Data collected for the study represented the top 16 pork states and nearly 91 percent of the U.S. hog inventory, as well as nearly three fourths of the nation's pork producers. Data for this report were collected from 418 producers whose operations had 300 or...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Swine; Monitoring; Epidemiology; Production; Grower/finisher; Feed; Antibiotics; Waste management; Disease; Salmonella; Marketing; Slaughter; Biosecurity; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32770

Consumer Likelihood to Purchase Chickens with Novel Production Attributes
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bernard,   John C.; Pesek,   John D., Jr.; Pan,   Xiqian.
Typical supermarket chickens are produced with novel or controversial attributes.  This continues despite contrasting growth in consumer interest in organic and natural foods.  This study surveyed Delaware consumers’ likelihood to purchase chicken given different attributes: free range, given antibiotics, irradiated, fed genetically modified (GM) fee, GM chicken, and price.  Examining conjoint analysis data with a heteroskedastic two-limit tobit model, GM chicken and other novel attributes were found to lower purchase likelihood significantly.  Understanding these results should help the industry meet consumer preferences while aiding its continued expansion to benefit workers and growers across the South.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Antibiotics; Chicken; Conjoint analysis; Genetically modified; Heteroskedastic; Irradiated; Tobit; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Q13; D12; C24.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6058

Farm-Level Impacts of Banning Growth- Promoting Antibiotic Use in U.S. Pig Grower/Finisher Operations
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Miller,   Gay Y.; Liu,   Xuanli; McNamara,   Paul E.; Bush,   Eric J.
Antibiotics have been used by pig producers for several decades, and are now used routinely. This study documents the current productivity and economic impacts of the use of antibiotics for growth promotion (AGP) by pig grower/finishers at the farm level. We evaluate the impacts of an AGP ban, and use of AGP by all pig grower/finishers for 61S90 days (a more production-efficient level), using data from the National Animal Health Monitoring System Swine 2000 Survey. Findings indicate that pig productivity improves with AGP. Relative to current use, an AGP ban would decrease producer profits by $1,400 per 1,020-head barn, and profits would increase by $1,992 for each grower/finisher barn when AGP is fed for 61 to 90 days. There is increasing concern about...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Antibiotics; Antimicrobial resistance; Growth promotion; Pigs; Production; Agricultural and Food Policy; Health Economics and Policy; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59680

CATTLE ON FEED EVALUATION, PART II: FEEDLOT HEALTH MANAGEMENT REPORT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dargatz,   David.
The NAHMS Cattle on Feed Evaluation (COFE) was designed to provide both participants and the industry with information on the nation's feedlot animal population for education and research.  The USDA's National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) collaborated with NAHMS to select a statistically valid producer sample (3,214 producers) to provide inferences to the nation's feedlot animal population.  Included in the study were 13 states that accounted for 85.8 percent of the U.S. cattle-on-feed inventory as of January 1, 1994.  State and Federal Veterinary Medical Officers (VMO's) collected data from feedlots of 1,000 head or more capacity through personal interviews from October 3 through December 21, 1994, for Part II.   Contact for this paper: David...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Beef; Feedlot cattle; Antibiotics; Injections; Vaccinations; Parasites; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32759

Morfogênese in vitro e susceptibilidade de calos de variedades nacionais de cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum officinarum L.) a agentes seletivos utilizados em sistemas de transformação genética
Provedor de dados: 88
Autores: LIMA,MARCELO AGUIAR COSTA; GARCIA,RENATA DE OLIVEIRA; MARTINS,GILBERTO SACHETTO; MANSUR,ELISABETH.
Foi avaliada a morfogênese in vitro a partir de explantes de folha imatura excisados de plantas de duas variedades nacionais (RB739735 e RB72454) de cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum officinarum L.), mantidas em campo. Os explantes foram obtidos de plantas com 6-9 meses e cultivados em meio MS sólido suplementado com 2,4-D a 9 miM. As culturas foram mantidas no escuro, durante quatro semanas. A eficiência de formação de calos foi influenciada pelo genótipo. Os calos derivados da variedade RB72454 eram mucilaginosos e não originaram plantas. Explantes da variedade RB739735 formaram calos amarelos friáveis e embriogênicos (tipo II), que mantiveram sua capacidade proliferativa por, pelo menos, seis meses. Após transferência para meio MS sem reguladores de crescimento...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Sugarcane; Antibiotics; In vitro morphogenesis.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-84042001000100008

Effects of Coriander Essential Oil on the Performance, Blood Characteristics, Intestinal Microbiota and Histological of Broilers
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Ghazanfari,S; Mohammadi,Z; Adib Moradi,M.
ABSTRACT Present study was conducted to investigate the effects of the dietary supplementation of coriander oil on broiler performance, blood characteristics, microbiota, and small intestine morphology measurements. A number of one-day-old broiler chickens (Ross 308) were allocated to five treatments, with four replicates according to a completely randomized design (CRD). Birds were offered either a corn-soybean meal basal diet (control), or the basal diet supplemented with 600 mg/kg of a flavophospholipol antibiotic, 100, 200, or 300 mg/kg coriander essential oil. At 42 days of age, two birds per replicate were selected for blood collection, slaughtered, and its intestinal microbiota and morphology were investigated. The results indicated that weight...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Alternative growth promoters; Antibiotics; Broiler; Extract; Performance.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2015000400419

Probiosis: concepts and prospects
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Barbosa,Lima R; Figueiredo-Lima,DF; Givisiez,PEN; Rabello,CBV; Gonzales,E; Silva,JHV.
The use of probiotics in animal and human feeding has been a subject of increasing interest both for the academia and the industry, mostly due to their potential positive effects on health and profitability. However, the knowledge on the composition of bacterial gastrointestinal communities in humans and animals, as well as its respective nutritional requirements, is far from being elucidated. Due to the ban of the use of antibiotic growth promoters in animal feeds, there has been an increasing interest on the utilization of probiotics to improve animal intestinal health under commercial settings. However, the possibility of horizontal transference of antibiotic-resistant genes between probiotic bacteria and pathogenic species has become a concern of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Antibiotics; Microbiota; Prebiotics; Probiotics; Phytogenics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2010000400001

An alternative for antibiotic se in poultry: probiotics
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Edens,FW.
Over the past 50 years, there has been increasing amounts of antibiotics used prophylactically and as growth promoters. Today, there is a consumer and governmental outcry to eliminate that practice from poultry and livestock production. Evidence has been accumulated to show that there is a link between risk of zoonotic disease and growth promoting antibiotic usage in livestock and poultry. Therefore, alternatives to the use of growth promoting antibiotics must be found to promote growth or production at or near the genetic potential of the modern day broiler, turkey, and egg producer. The use of probiotics has many potential benefits and include modified host metabolism, immuno-stimulation, anti-inflammatory reactions, exclusion and killing of pathogens in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Antibiotics; Antibiotic resistance; Benefits; Characteristics; Chickens; Defined culture; Functions; History; Human health risk; Mechanism of action; Probiotics; Turkeys; Undefined culture; Zoonotic disease.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2003000200001

Use of probiotics to replace antibiotics for broilers
Provedor de dados: 96
Autores: Nunes,Ricardo Vianna; Scherer,Carina; Pozza,Paulo Cesar; Eyng,Cinthia; Bruno,Luís Daniel Giusti; Vieites,Flávio Medeiros.
This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of supplementation of probiotics (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Enterococcus faecium and Bifidubacterium bifidum) and antibiotics (flavomicina and staquinol) on diets for broilers from 1 to 42 days of age, reared in clean (new litter) and challenged (reused litter) environments. A total of 768 one-day-old male broilers of the Cobb 500 strain were distributed in a completely randomized design in a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement (2 litter types × 4 diets), totaling eight treatments with eight replications and 16 poultry per experimental unit. The results of performance and carcass characteristics were submitted to analysis of variance using the Studen Newman Keuls test at 0.05 probability. In the period of 1-21...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Antibiotics; Carcass; Performance; Poultry litter; Probiotic.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982012001000012

Evaluation of the use of probiotics in diets with or without growth promoters for broiler chicks
Provedor de dados: 96
Autores: Meurer,Régis Fernando Pastorelo; Leal,Paula Carvalho; Rocha,Chayane da; Bueno,Ivânio José Martins; Maiorka,Alex; Dahlke,Fabiano.
This work was carried out to evaluate the use of Bacillus subtilis probiotic C-3102 (10(10)cfu/g) in diets with or without growth promoters on the performance of broilers in the period from 1 to 42 days of age. It was used 1,200 Cobb line broilers, distributed in a complete randomized block with five diets: negative controller (without promoters); Bacillus subtilis (30 g/t ration); Bacillus subtilis (50 g/t ration); Bacillus subtilis (30 g/t ration) + colistin (10 ppm); avilamycin (10 ppm) + colistin (10 ppm). Each diet was evaluated in 10 repetitions with 24 birds. From 21 to 42 days of age, feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion were evaluated, and at 42 days of age, productive efficiency index was evaluated. At the end of the experimental period,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Additives; Alternative products; Antibiotics; Performance.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982010001200019

Influence of a probiotic on broiler performance
Provedor de dados: 96
Autores: Bitterncourt,Letícia Cardoso; Silva,Claudia Cassimira da; Garcia,Paula Duarte Silva Rangel; Donato,Daniella Carolina Zanardo; Albuquerque,Ricardo de; Araújo,Lúcio Francelino.
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of a probiotic product (composition: Lactobacillus acidophillus (3.5 × 10(11) CFU), Streptcoccus faecium (3.5 × 10(11) CFU) and Bifidobacterium bifidum (3.5 × 10(11) CFU)) on broiler performance. A total of 1200 one-day-old broilers were reared until 42 days of age, and distributed in a completely randomized experimental design with 3 treatments (antibiotic, probiotic and control) with 10 replicates of 40 birds each. Weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio and mortality were evaluated. Concerning weight gain, in the periods of 0-7 and 0-14 days of age, the group fed the antibiotic product presented higher values as compared with the other treatments. However, in the periods of 0-21,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Additives; Antibiotics; Growth promoter; Nutrition.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982011001200018

Phytogenic additives and organic acids in broiler chicken diets
Provedor de dados: 96
Autores: Fascina,Vitor Barbosa; Sartori,José Roberto; Gonzales,Elisabeth; Carvalho,Fabyola Barros de; Souza,Ivan Mailinch Gonçalves Pereira de; Polycarpo,Gustavo do Valle; Stradiotti,Ana Cristina; Pelícia,Vanessa Cristina.
The experiment evaluated the influence of isolated or associated phytogenic additives (PA) and organic acids (OA) on nutrient digestibility, performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens. Two experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design with a 2 × 2 + 1 factorial arrangement of treatments (with or without PA × with or without OA + antibiotic performance enhancer and anticoccidial). In the first experiment, two metabolic tests were conducted to determine the metabolizability coefficients of the nutrients of starter and growth diets. In the second experiment, 2520 one-day-old chicks were housed in 40 experimental units to evaluate the performance and carcass characteristics. The phytogenic additives and organic acids, isolated...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Acidifier; Additive; Antibiotics; Herbal extract; Metabolism; Sanitary challenge.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982012001000008

ANTIBIOTIC PRODUCTION BY STREPTOMYCES HYGROSCOPICUS D1.5: CULTURAL EFFECT
Provedor de dados: 59
Autores: Bhattacharyya,Barun K.; Pal,Sushil C.; Sen,Sukanta K.
In an attempt to screen out new potent antibiotic producers from soil, Streptomyces hygroscopicus D1.5 was isolated and was found antagonistic to both bacteria and fungi. It could utilise arginine as nitrogen source and glycerol as carbon source at 0.75 g/l and 11.5 g/l level, respectively for maximum antibiotic yield.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Antibiotics; Fermentation; Streptomyces.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37141998000300003

ผลของการเสริมสมุนไพรผสมเฮอร์บาท็อบ-มิกซ์ และ/หรือมู-พลัสในอาหารต่อสมรรถนะการผลิตในลูกสุกรหย่านม
Provedor de dados: 106
Autores: Saranrachata Pratoomtong; Winai Jaikhan; Jowaman Khajarern; Sathon Porntrakulpiput.
One hundred and forty-four 21 days of age crossbred weaning piglets (Landrace-Yorkshire x Duroc) were used to evaluation the efficacy of supplementing herbal mixture Herbatob-Mix®(HBM) at 0.05% or incombination with herbal mixture Mu-Plus®(MP) at 0.10% in weaning piglets aged 21-35 days. Each group of testing having 4 replications (2 replications for males and 2 replications for females) of 12 piglets. Supplementation of HBM or in combination with MP showed improvement in growth performance but not significantly (P&gt;0.05) exception for uniformity of body weight at termination showed significant (P&lt;0.05). Addition of HBM or in combination with MP showed percentage improvement of total body weight gain 2.31 and 1.99 %, average daily gain 2.30 and 2.07%,...
Tipo: Collection
Palavras-chave: Herbal mixture; Antibiotics; Weaning piglets; Growth performance; Economic benefit; Herbatop-Mix; Mu-plus; Piglets; ลูกสุกร; ระยะหย่านม; สมรรถนะการผลิต; ผลตอบแทนในทางเศรษฐกิจ; สมุนไพร; ยาปฏิชีวนะ; เฮอร์บาท็อบ-มิกซ์; มู-พลัส.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://anchan.lib.ku.ac.th/agnet/handle/001/5186

Plant Extracts Display Synergism with Different Classes of Antibiotics
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: SILVA,DANIELLE M.; COSTA,PRISCILLA A. DA; RIBON,ANDRÉA O.B.; PURGATO,GISLAINE A.; GASPAR,DIAZ-MUÑOZ; DIAZ,MARISA A.N.
Abstract: One manner in which plant-derived compounds exert their antibiotic potential is the synergism, a positive interaction between two compounds. Studies indicate that the use of plant extracts combined with antimicrobials may promote a significant reduction of the minimum inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics for bacterial strains. This study aimed to evaluate the activity of plant extracts and antibiotics as well as their combination on Staphylococcus aureus. The activity of 15 plant extracts was evaluated using diffusion assay. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and the interactions between the extracts and antibiotics as well as compound emodin were evaluated with the checkerboard method. The active extracts were a hexane extract of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Antibiotics; Bovine mastitis; Plant extract; Staphylococcus aureus.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652019000300802

Effect of mannitol on the pharmacokinetics of amikacin in wistar rats
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Olguín,Hugo Juárez; Portugal,Miriam Carrasco; Pérez,Janett Flores; Vieyra,Angélica Camacho; Pérez,Carmen Flores; Rodríguez,Alfonso Alfaro.
The study analyzed the effect of mannitol on the pharmacokinetics (PK) of amikacin. Adult Wistar rats were treated as follows: Group 1 (G1) received mannitol for three days, Group 2 (G2) received mannitol plus 10 mg/kg of amikacin simultaneously, and Group 3 only amikacin. The PK study was conducted on the 4th day. For which, blood samples were drawn at fixed times during 24 h and immunoenzymatically analyzed. Results revealed significant differences (p&lt;0.05) between the groups, e.g. Cmax were 62.26 ± 15.75 µg/ml for G1, 72.63 ± 24.80 µg/ml for G2 and 68.61 ± 27.40 µg/ml for G3. The AUC also differed in the three groups, being largest for G2, 222.52 ± 47.30 µg/ml/h, and smallest for G1, 135.59 ± 39.00 µg/ml/h. Alteration of the PK parameters observed...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Pharmacokinetics; Interactions; Amikacin; Mannitol; Antibiotics; Diuretics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132009000400006

Endophytes: exploitation as a tool in plant protection
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Dutta,Devanushi; Puzari,Keshab Chandra; Gogoi,Robin; Dutta,Pranab.
Endophytes are symptomless fungal or bacterial microorganisms found in almost all living plant species reported so far. They are the plant-associated microbes that form symbiotic association with their host plants by colonizing the internal tissues, which has made them valuable for agriculture as a tool in improving crop performance. Many fungal endophytes produce secondary metabolites such as auxin, gibberellin etc that helps in growth and development of the host plant. Some of these compounds are antibiotics having antifungal, antibacterial and insecticidal properties, which strongly inhibit the growth of other microorganisms, including plant pathogens. This article reviews the endophyte isolated from different plants, mode of endophytic infection and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Antibiotics; Auxin; Endophytism; Insecticidal; Symbiotic.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132014000500621

Biodiversity of Antimicrobial-Producing Actinomycetes Strains Isolated from Dry Dipterocarp Forest Soil in Northeast Thailand
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Chanthasena,Panjamaphon; Nantapong,Nawarat.
The increasing use of antibiotics has led to the development of drug-resistant microorganisms. The emergence of resistant strains has compromised the treatment and control of infectious diseases. As a result, the search and development of a novel class of antibiotic drugs are required. Actinomycetes have been recognized as a richest source of secondary metabolites including antibiotics. The aim of this study was to investigate the diversity of antibiotic-producing soil Actinomycetes from dry dipterocarp forest in Northeast of Thailand. The soil from this area has been known for its poor in nutrients and highly acidic with pH values around 4.5. In such a harsh condition, soil-inhabiting Actinomycetes elevate their protective mechanisms by inducing the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Soil bacteria; Antibiotics; Actinomycetes; Streptomyces.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132016000100417

Determination of Beta-Lactam residues in milk by high performance liquid chromatography
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Brito,Roseane Brandão de; Junqueira,Roberto Gonçalves.
A high performance liquid chromatographic method to assay beta-lactam residues in milk was developed and validated. Milk samples were spiked with standard solutions and deproteinated. The extract was cleaned-up on C18 SPE cartridge, the antibiotics eluted with acetonitrile:water (50:50 v/v) and derivatized with acetic anhydride and 1-methyl-imidazole solution containing HgCl2. The chromatographic analysis was performed on C18 column using mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and phosphate buffer (pH 6.5) in the presence of Na2S2O3 gradient and detection at 325 nm. The method was selective for ampicillin, penicillin G and penicillin V, the latter used as internal standard. Average recoveries for ampicillin and penicillin G ranged, respectively, from...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Antibiotics; Milk chromatography.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132006000200007

C-reactive protein-guided approach may shorten length of antimicrobial treatment of culture-proven late-onset sepsis: an intervention study
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Couto,Renato C.; Barbosa,José A. A.; Pedrosa,Tânia M.G.; Biscione,Fernando M.
Late-onset sepsis (LOS) (i.e., sepsis in a neonate after 72 hours of life) is associated with high mortality and significantly prolonged antibiotic exposure and hospital stay in neonates admitted to intensive care units (ICU). In this study, we assessed the reliability of serum C-reactive protein (CRP) as a determinant of antimicrobial treatment duration of LOS. From January 1996 to December 2002, all consecutive infants aged &lt;28 days admitted to a single medical-surgical ICU and diagnosed with primary LOS were enrolled in a prospective, intervention trial with historical controls. Only blood culture-positive LOSs were included. Exclusion criteria were: age &gt;28 days at diagnosis of LOS, development of site-specific infection, and central venous...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: C-reactive protein; Newborn; Neonatal intensive care units; Sepsis; Antibiotics.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702007000200015

Inadequate timing between corticosteroid and antibiotics applications increases mortality due to sepsis
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Fadel,Marcus Vinícius Telles; Repka,João Carlos; Cunha,Cláudio Leinig Pereira da; Leão,Maria Terezinha C.
This study tested the hypothesis that the use of corticosteroids prior to antibiotics can lower the mortality rate in severe infections by S. aureus or Gram-negative bacilli, using an animal model. This study was a prospective and controlled study, placed in a university laboratory. Seven hundred and sixty mice distributed into three groups (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae infected). The interventions in each group were: I) infection control (intra-peritoneal); II) treatment solely with antibiotics (teicoplanin or amikacin); III) antibiotics administered prior to the corticosteroid (methylprednisolone); IV) antibiotics administered after the corticosteroid. Mortality in the E. coli group, subgroup I: 100%; subgroup II: 55%...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Adrenal cortex hormones; Antibiotics; Sepsis; Survival; Mice; Animals; Laboratory; Severe infection; Peritonitis; Shock; Endotoxin.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702008000500013

Effectiveness of the actions of antimicrobial's control in the intensive care unit
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Santos,Edilson Floriano dos; Silva,Antonio Emanuel; Pinhati,Henrique M. Sampaio; Maia,Marcelo de O.
There are various strategies to improve the effectiveness of antibiotics in hospitals. In general, the implementation of guidelines for appropriate antibiotic therapy and the participation of infectious disease (ID) physicians deserve considerable attention. This study was a prospective ecological time-series study that evaluates the effectiveness of the ID physician's opinion to rationalize and control the use of antibiotics in medical-surgical intensive care units (ICU), and the impact of their intervention on treatment expenditures. There was significant change in the pattern of use of antimicrobials, this pattern approximating that of a medical-surgical ICU that participates in the ICARE (Intensive Care Antimicrobial Resistance Epidemiology) Project....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Antibiotics; Cost control; Infection control; Drug resistance; Microbial.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702003000500002

Antibiotics for the empirical treatment of acute infectious diarrhea in children
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Diniz-Santos,Daniel R.; Silva,Luciana R.; Silva,Nanci.
While the routine use of antibiotics for infectious diarrhea in children must be avoided, because it brings little benefit in most cases and is associated with the risk of increasing antimicrobial resistance, selected cases may require antimicrobial therapy, and the choice of the antimicrobial agent often has to be made empirically. Physicians prescribing antimicrobials in such a setting have not only to be aware of the most likely pathogens, but also of their characteristic antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and the safety profile of the various drugs. We reviewed the literature on the use of ampicillin, beta-lactamase inhibitors, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, chloramphenicol, tetracyclines, nalidixic acid, fluoroquinolones, third-generation...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Diarrhea; Antibiotics; Children; Treatment.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702006000300011

Use of antibiotics without medical prescription
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Volpato,Dalton Espíndola; Souza,Bárbara Vicente de; Dalla Rosa,Luana Gabriela; Melo,Luíz Henrique; Daudt,Carlos Antonio Stabel; Deboni,Luciane.
The inappropriate use of antibiotics for the treatment of infections is a worldwide problem that has implications for the cost of treatment and the development of resistant strains of bacteria. The use of antibiotics should follow specific criteria; they are on top of the list of self-medication drugs in countries that do not control their commercialization. OBJECTIVES: To determine the percentage of pharmacies that attend the public and sell antibiotics without medical prescription in a medium-sized city in Brazil, and analyze the variables involved in this procedure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 107 of the 136 pharmacies registered in our city were evaluated. These pharmacies were visited by actresses who simulated having a sister with symptoms of a...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Antibiotics; Inappropriate use; Medical prescription; Pharmacies; ANVISA.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702005000400004

Characteristics of hospitalized children infected with macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Komatsu,Haruki; Tsunoda,Tomoyuki; Inui,Ayano; Sogo,Tsuyoshi; Fujisawa,Tomoo.
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to clarify retrospectively the characteristics of children hospitalized for respiratory tract infection caused by macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae).METHODS: Children who were hospitalized for respiratory tract infection due to M. pneumoniae were enrolled in this study. The diagnosis of M. pneumoniae infection was made on the grounds of polymerase chain reaction results.RESULTS: Thirty-three children were hospitalized due to lower respiratory tract infection with M. pneumoniae. Of the 33 children, 31 (median age five years) were identified as being infected with macrolide-resistant M. pneumoniae (A2063G:30, A2064G:1) by sequence analysis. Of the 31 children infected with macrolide-resistant M....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Antibiotics; Minocycline; Mutation; Young children.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702014000300294

Assessment of an intervention aimed at early discontinuation of intravenous antimicrobial therapy in a Brazilian University hospital
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Bonella,Gislaine Ferraresi; Fontes,Astrídia Marília de Souza; Jorge,Miguel Tanús; Silveira,Alexandre Barcelos Morais da.
Abstract Many interventions demonstrate success in adapting the duration of intravenous antibiotic therapy, but few studies have been conducted in developing countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention in the induction of early discontinuation of intravenous antimicrobial therapy and/or its switch to oral therapy. The study employed a before–after intervention design that consisted of displaying a message in the computerized prescription on the third day and suspension of the prescription on the fifth day of intravenous antimicrobial therapy. A total of 465 patients were followed during the control period (CP) and 440 in the intervention period (IP). The intravenous therapy was switched to oral therapy for 11...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Antibiotics; Intravenous administration; Oral administration; Inappropriate prescribing.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702016000500462

Antibiotics produced by Streptomyces
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Procópio,Rudi Emerson de Lima; Silva,Ingrid Reis da; Martins,Mayra Kassawara; Azevedo,João Lúcio de; Araújo,Janete Magali de.
Streptomyces is a genus of Gram-positive bacteria that grows in various environments, and its shape resembles filamentous fungi. The morphological differentiation of Streptomyces involves the formation of a layer of hyphae that can differentiate into a chain of spores. The most interesting property of Streptomyces is the ability to produce bioactive secondary metabolites, such as antifungals, antivirals, antitumorals, anti-hypertensives, immunosuppressants, and especially antibiotics. The production of most antibiotics is species specific, and these secondary metabolites are important for Streptomyces species in order to compete with other microorganisms that come in contact, even within the same genre. Despite the success of the discovery of antibiotics,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Streptomyces; Antibiotics; Resistance; Infection.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702012000500011

Nosocomial diarrhea in the intensive care unit
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Marcon,Ana Paula; Gamba,Mônica Antar; Vianna,Lucila Amaral Carneiro.
We made an epidemiological case-control study to examine risk factors for the development of diarrhea in the intensive care unit (ICU) of a public hospital in Santo André, SP, from January to October 2002. Forty-nine patients with diarrhea (cases) and 49 patients without diarrhea (controls), matched for age and gender, were included in the study. A stool culture and enzyme immunoassays for Clostridium difficile toxins A and B were performed on fecal specimens from diarrhea patients. Fourteen of them presented positive cultures for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 22 patients presented positive ELISA for Clostridium diffícile. Nosocomial diarrhea was associated with several factors, including use of antibiotics (P=0.001), use of ceftriaxone (P=0.001), presence of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Nosocomial infections; Diarrhea; Antibiotics; Intensive care; Clostridium difficile.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702006000600005

Comparison of clinical characteristics between healthcare-associated pneumonia and community-acquired pneumonia in patients admitted to secondary hospitals
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Lee,Jong Hoo; Kim,Yee Hyung.
BACKGROUND: Since healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP) is heterogeneous, clinical characteristics and outcomes are different from region to region. There can also be differences between HCAP patients hospitalized in secondary or tertiary hospitals. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics of HCAP patients admitted into secondary community hospitals. METHODS: This was a retrospective study conducted in patients with HCAP or community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) hospitalized in two secondary hospitals between March 2009 and January 2011. RESULTS: Of a total of 303 patients, 96 (31.7%) had HCAP. 42 patients (43.7%) resided in a nursing home or long-term care facility, 36 (37.5%) were hospitalized in an acute care hospital for &amp;gt; 2 days...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Health care; Pneumonia; Antibiotics; Mortality; Resistance.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702012000400002

Modulation of drug resistance and biofilm formation of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from the oral cavity of Tunisian children
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Zmantar,Tarek; Ben Slama,Rihab; Fdhila,Kais; Kouidhi,Bochra; Bakhrouf,Amina; Chaieb,Kamel.
Abstract  Objectives: This study aims to investigate the antimicrobial and the anti-biofilm activities of Lactobacillus plantarum extract (LPE) against a panel of oral Staphylococcus aureus (n = 9) and S. aureus ATCC 25923. The in vitro ability of LPE to modulate bacterial resistance to tetracycline, benzalchonium chloride, and chlorhexidine were tested also.  Methods: The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and the minimal bactericidal concentrations of Lactobacillus plantarum extract, tetracycline, benzalchonium chloride and clohrhexidine were determined in absence and in presence of a sub-MIC doses of LPE (1/2 MIC). In addition, the LPE potential to inhibit biofilm formation was assessed by microtiter plate and atomic force microscopy assays....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Antibacterial; Staphylococcus aureus; Biofilm; Antibiotics; Synergetic; Lactobacillus.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702017000100027

Adherence to acute otitis media treatment guidelines among primary health care providers in Israel
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Shviro-Roseman,Noa; Reuveni,Haim; Gazala,Eli; Leibovitz,Eugene.
AIMS: To determine the appropriateness of the acute otitis media antibiotic treatment prescribed in the community in relation to the therapeutic guidelines. METHODS: Children aged 3 months-3 years diagnosed with simple uncomplicated acute otitis media in 6 community primary care clinics were enrolled. Data on the antibiotic treatment were collected using computerized medical files. RESULTS: 689 simple uncomplicated acute otitis media patients were enrolled; 597 (86.9%) were treated with antibiotics by 38 family medicine practitioners, 12 pediatricians and 7 general practitioners. 461 (77.2%) patients were &lt;2 years of age. Amoxicillin was administered to 540 (90.5%) patients, with no differences between the various medical specialties. 127/540 (23.5%)...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Acute otitis media; Antibiotics; Physicians; Communit.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702014000400355

Necrotizing fasciitis: eight-year experience and literature review
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Wang,Jinn-Ming; Lim,Hwee-Kheng.
OBJECTIVES:To describe clinical, laboratory, microbiological features, and outcomes of necrotizing fasciitis.METHODS:From January 1, 2004 to December 31, 2011, 115 patients (79 males, 36 females) diagnosed with necrotizing fasciitis were admitted to Mackay Memorial Hospital in Taitung. Demographic data, clinical features, location of infection, type of comorbidities, microbiology and laboratory results, and outcomes of patients were retrospectively analyzed.RESULTS:Among 115 cases, 91 survived (79.1%) and 24 died (20.9%). There were 67 males (73.6%) and 24 females (26.4%) with a median age of 54 years (inter-quartile ranges, 44.0-68.0 years) in the survival group; and 12 males (50%) and 12 females (50%) with a median age of 61 years (inter-quartile ranges,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Necrotizing fasciitis; Comorbidity; Debridement; Antibiotics.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702014000200137

Follow-up after infants younger than 2 months of age with urinary tract infection in Southern Israel: epidemiologic, microbiologic and disease recurrence characteristics
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Gurevich,Evgenia; Tchernin,Dov; Schreyber,Ruth; Muller,Robert; Leibovitz,Eugene.
Abstract  Background The timing of most recurrences after neonatal urinary tract infection is during the first year of life, with peak incidence 2–6 months after the initial infection. Information on the microbiologic characteristics of recurrent urinary tract infection episodes in relation to the microbiology of the initial episodes is limited.  Objectives To analyze the epidemiologic/microbiological characteristics of 1st and recurrent urinary tract infection in infants &lt;2 months of age.  Methods A retrospective study including all infants &lt;2 months of age with urinary tract infection admitted during 2005–2009 and followed till the age of 1 year.  Results 151 neonates were enrolled (2.7% of all 5617 febrile infants &lt;2 months of age admitted)....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Antibiotics; E. coli; Urinary tract infection; Recurrence.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702016000100019

Challenges in the development of drugs for the treatment of tuberculosis
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Shehzad,Adeeb; Rehman,Gauhar; Ul-Islam,Mazhar; Khattak,Waleed Ahmad; Lee,Young Sup.
Tuberculosis infection is a serious human health threat and the early 21st century has seen a remarkable increase in global tuberculosis activity. The pathogen responsible for tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which adopts diverse strategies in order to survive in a variety of host lesions. These survival mechanisms make the pathogen resistant to currently available drugs, a major contributing factor in the failure to control the spread of tuberculosis. Multiple drugs are available for clinical use and several potential compounds are being screened, synthesized, or evaluated in preclinical or clinical studies. Lasting and effective achievements in the development of anti-tuberculosis drugs will depend largely on the proper understanding of the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Antibiotics; Drug resistance; Tuberculosis; Pathogen.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702013000100012

Susceptibility of S. pneumoniae to various antibiotics among strains isolated from patients and healthy carriers in different regions of Brazil (1999-2000)
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Rossi,F.; Andreazzi,D.; Maffucci,M.; Pereira,A A.
Resistance of microbes to commonly used antibiotics became a major concern at the end of the last century. Because Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common pathogen in respiratory infections, we conducted microbiological assessment of drug susceptibility patterns among strains collected from two different population groups: 1) adult and pediatric patients (375 isolates) with different infections, and 2) healthy children in day care centers (&lt; 5 years old; 350 isolates). High level resistance to penicillin was not identified in either group. Intermediate resistance levels were similar in both groups (adults: 9.9%; children: 9.2%). The Central West region of Brazil tended to have lower susceptibility of S.pneumoniae from infected adults and children to...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: S. pneumoniae; Resistance; Susceptibility; Respiratory infection; Antibiotics; Brazil.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702001000600003

Factors associated with Clostridium difficile diarrhea in a hospital in Beijing, China
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Lv,Z.; Peng,G.L.; Su,J.R.
Clostridium difficile is the most common cause of hospital-acquired diarrhea in patients treated with antibiotics, chemotherapeutic agents, and other drugs that alter the normal equilibrium of the intestinal flora. A better understanding of the risk factors for C. difficile-associated disease (CDAD) could be used to reduce the incidence of CDAD and the costs associated with its treatment. The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors for CDAD in a cohort of Chinese patients in a Beijing hospital. Medical charts of a total of 130 inpatients (62 males and 68 females) with hospital-acquired diarrhea (45 with CDAD; 85 without CDAD) were retrospectively reviewed. C. difficile toxins A and B were detected in fecal samples using enzyme-linked...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Antibiotics; Clostridium difficile; Glycopeptides.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2014001201085

Sulfated fucan as support for antibiotic immobilization
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Araújo,P.M.; Oliveira,G.B.; Córdula,C.R.; Leite,E.L.; Carvalho Jr.,L.B.; Silva,M.P.C.
Xylofucoglucuronan from Spatoglossum schröederi algae was tested as a support for antibiotic immobilization. The polysaccharide (20 mg in 6 ml) was first activated using carbodiimide, 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylamino-propyl)carbodiimide methiodide (20 mg in 2 ml), under stirring for 1 h at 25ºC and pH from 4.5 to 5.0. After adjusting the pH to 8.0, either gentamicin or amikacin (62.5 mg in 1.25 ml) was then immobilized on this chemically modified polysaccharide with shaking for 24 h in a cold room. Infrared spectra of the activated carbodiimide xylofucoglucuronan showed two bands to carbonyl (C = O at 1647.9 and 1700.7 cm-1) and to amide (C&lt;FONT FACE=Symbol&gt;Ý&lt;/FONT&gt;-NH2) groups (1662.8 and 1714.0 cm-1). Microbial characterization of the derivatives...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Sulfated fucan; Immobilization; Antibiotics; Gentamicin; Amikacin.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2004000300002

Characterization of Aeromonas species isolated from an estuarine environment
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Evangelista-Barreto,Norma Suely; Carvalho,Fatima Cristiane Teles de; Vieira,Regine Helena S. dos Fernandes; dos Reis,Cristhiane Moura Falavina; Macrae,Andrew; Rodrigues,Dália dos Prazeres.
Thirty water samples were collected, at two week intervals, from the estuary of the River Cocó. The aim was to characterize the presence, distribution and types of Aeromonas spp, in the estuary of the River Cocó, Ceara, Brazil (03º46'28.83''S e 38º26'36.52''S). Aeromonas were identified in 19 (63%) samples analyzed by plating and CFU counts. Presence/absence tests were positive for 11 (37%) of the samples resulting in the detection of Aeromonas in a total of 23 (77%) of samples. CFU counts varied from &lt; 10 to 1.4 x 10(4) CFU mL-1 . From the isolated strains seven species of Aeromonas were identified: A. caviae (29/69), A. veronii bv. sobria (13/69), A. veronii bv. veronii (8/69), A. trota (6/69), A. media (5/69), A. sobria (4/69) and A. hydrophila and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Aeromonas; Estuary; Antibiotics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822010000200027

In vitro synergistic activity of antibiotic combinations against Brucella melitensis using E-test methodology
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Kilic,Selcuk; Dizbay,Murat; Hizel,Kenan; Arman,Dilek.
The treatment of brucellosis is still problematic, because of high rates of treatment failure or relapses. As the microorganism is an intracellular pathogen, treatment requires combined regimens. However, limited existing data on in vitro combinations are avaliable for Brucellae. The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro efficacy of various traditional and new antibiotic combinations against 16 Brucella melitensis strains. The combination effect of antimicrobial agents was evaluated by E-test synergy method to obtain a fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) index. Co-Trimoxazole (SXT) and moxifloxocin (MXF) exhibited the lowest MIC, while Rifampin (RIF) had the highest MIC in the study. Combinations with RIF showed the best synergistic...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Brucella melitensis; Antibiotics; Synergism.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822008000200006

Synergistic effect of propolis and antibiotics on the Salmonella Typhi
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Orsi,Ricardo de Oliveira; Sforcin,José Maurício; Funari,Silvia Regina Cunha; Fernandes Junior,Ary; Bankova,Vassya.
The goal of this work was to investigate a possible synergistic effect between ethanolic extracts of propolis from Brazil and Bulgaria and some antibiotics (Amoxicillin, Ampicillin and Cefalexin) against Salmonella Typhi. Brazilian and Bulgarian propolis showed an antibacterial action, but the sample from Bulgaria was shown to be more efficient. Both samples showed a similar synergistic effect with these antibiotics. One may conclude that the propolis samples show an important antibacterial action, as well as a synergistic effect with antibiotics against Salmonella Typhi.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Propolis; Antimicrobial activity; Antibiotics; Synergistic effect.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822006000200002

Antimicrobial properties of sclerotiorin, isocHromophilone VI and pencolide, metabolites from a Brazilian cerrado isolate of Penicillium sclerotiorum van Beyma
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Lucas,Esther M.F.; Castro,Mateus C. Monteiro de; Takahashi,Jacqueline A.
As a part of a research program that aims to identify antibacterial and antifungal substances from fungus specimen of Brazilian's cerrado soil samples, Penicillium sclerotiorum was identified as a source of secondary metabolites possessing antibiotic activities. This microorganism was cultured in a liquid medium rich in glucose for fifteen days. The resulting ethyl acetate extract was chemically fractionated leading to the isolation of three metabolites pencolide, sclerotiorin and isochromophilone VI. The antimicrobial disc assay activity of these substances towards Candida albicans, Streptomyces pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli was performed. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the compounds was...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Sclerotiorin; Isocromophilone VI; Pencolide; Antibiotics; Penicillium sclerotiorum.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822007000400036

ANTAGONISTIC EFFECT OF EDIBLE MUSHROOM EXTRACT ON CANDIDA ALBICANS GROWTH
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Paccola,Edneia A. de Souza; Maki,Cristina Sayuri; Nobrega,Gisele M.A. de; Paccola-Meirelles,Luzia Doretto.
Five species of edible mushrooms, Lentinula edodes, Pleurotus ostreatus, Pholiota nameko, Macrolepiota bonaerensis and Agaricus blazei, were tested for their potential to inhibit the in vitro growth of the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans. Only L. edodes had a fungistatic effect on this human pathogen. The inhibitory compound was produced intra and extracellularly in submersed L. edodes culture, and was also present in fresh and dehydrated mushroom basidiocarps. The fungistatic compound was heat sensitive and lost activity after 72 hours.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Mushrooms; Antibiotics; Candidiasis; Fungistatic effect.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822001000300003

Antimicrobial susceptibility of Clostridium perfringens strains isolated from broiler chickens
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Silva,R. O. S.; Salvarani,F.M.; Assis,R.A.; Martins,N.R.S.; Pires,P.S.; Lobato,F.C.F.
Clostridium perfringens is a normal inhabitant of the intestinal tract of chickens as well as a potential pathogen that causes necrotic enteritis and colangio hepatitis. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of seven different compounds used for therapy, growth promotion or prevention of coccidiosis was determined by agar dilution method for 55 C. perfringens strains isolated from the intestines of broiler chickens. All strains showed high susceptibility to penicillin, avilamycin, monensin and narasin. Only 7.3% of the strains showed an intermediated sensitivity to lincomycin, and 49 (89.1%) were considered susceptible. For tetracycline and bacitracin, 41.8% and 47.3% of strains, respectively, were considered resistant.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Necrotic enteritis; Growth promoters; Anticoccidials; Antibiotics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822009000200010

Antibiotic resistance and integrons in Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC)
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Colello,Rocío; Etcheverría,Analía I.; Conza,Jose A. Di; Gutkind,Gabriel O.; Padola,Nora L.
Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) cause hemorrhagic colitis (HC) and hemolytic-uremic syndrome in humans (HUS). Cattle are the main reservoir of STEC and transmission to humans occurs through contaminated food and water. Antibiotics are used in pig production systems to combat disease and improve productivity and play a key role in the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes to the bacteria. Integrons have been identified in resistant bacteria allowing for the acquisition and dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes. STEC strains isolated from humans and animals have developed antibiotic resistance. In our laboratory, 21 non-157 STEC strains isolated from pigs were analyzed to detect class 1 and 2 integrons by PCR. Eight carried...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: STEC; Integrons; Multiresistance; Antibiotics; Public health.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822015000100001

Efficacy evaluation of some antibiotics against syrian brucella spp isolates, in vitro
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Safi,Mazen; Al-Mariri,Ayman.
Brucellosis is an endemic zoonosis in Syria, affecting large numbers of animals and there are an increasing number of cases in humans. The aim of this study is to investigate the in vitro efficacy of various traditional and new antibiotics against89 Brucella isolates (isolated from domestic animals) collected from different Syrian regions. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of seventeen antibiotics were determined. Ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin were the most effective antibiotics, whereas sparfloxacin, levofloxacin, doxycycline and tetracycline had a moderate activity. In contrast, moxifloxacin and rifampicin had a low activity, while streptomycin, spiramycin and cephalosporines were ineffective. As a result, we come to the conclusion that a...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Antibiotics; Brucella; Quinolones.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822012000400005

Evaluation of antibacterial properties of Barium Zirconate Titanate (BZT) nanoparticle
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Mohseni,Simin; Aghayan,Mahdi; Ghorani-Azam,Adel; Behdani,Mohammad; Asoodeh,Ahmad.
So far, the antibacterial activity of some organic and inorganic compounds has been studied. Barium zirconate titanate [Ba(Zr xTi1-x)O3] (x = 0.05) nanoparticle is an example of inorganic materials. In vitro studies have provided evidence for the antibacterial activity of this nanoparticle. In the current study, the nano-powder was synthesized by sol-gel method. X-ray diffraction showed that the powder was single-phase and had a perovskite structure at the calcination temperature of 1000 ºC. Antibacterial activity of the desired nanoparticle was assessed on two gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus PTCC1431 and Micrococcus luteus PTCC1625) and two gram-negative (Escherichia coli HP101BA 7601c and clinically isolated Klebsiella pneumoniae) bacteria according...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Nanoparticles; Antibiotics; Barium zirconate titanate; Ceramics; Electron microscopy.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822014000400033

Production of actinomycin-D by the mutant of a new isolate of Streptomyces sindenensis
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Praveen,Vandana; Tripathi,C.K.M.; Bihari,Vinod; Srivastava,S.C.
An actinomycin-D producing strain was isolated from soil and characterized as Streptomyces sindenensis. The culture was subjected to UV irradiation and a mutant with 400% higher actinomycin-D production was isolated (400 mg/l-1 as compared to 80 mg/l-1 produced by the parent). Production medium was optimized and antibiotic yield with the mutant was enhanced to 850 mg/l-1 which is 963% higher as compared with the parent.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Actinomycin-D; Antibiotics; Streptomyces; Mutation.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822008000400017

Comparison of four antibiotics for inactivating leptospires in bull semen diluted in egg yolk extender and experimentally inoculated with Leptospira santarosai serovar guaricura
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Miraglia,Fabiana; Morais,Zenaide Maria; Cortez,Adriana; Melville,Priscilla Anne; Marvullo,Maria Fernanda Vianna; Richtzenhain,Leonardo José; Visintin,José Antonio; Vasconcellos,Silvio Arruda.
Inactivation of leptospires in pools of semen from three Holstein Friesian bulls, collected in an artificial vagina, was investigated. Spermatic concentration was adjusted in egg yolk citrate extender, submitted to the following treatments: A (control; without antibiotics); B (penicillin, 1,000 UI/mL - streptomycin, 1,000 µg/mL); C (amoxicillin, 1,000 µg/mL); D (ceptiofur sodium, 1,000 µg/mL); E (amoxicillin 1,000 µg/mL - ceptiofur sodium 1,000 µg/mL). Leptospires (2.0 x 10(6) leptospires/mL) were added into the diluted semen. Recovery of leptospires was obtained in modified EMJH semi-solid medium with and without antibiotics. The antibiotics in the concentrations used did not affect means of percentage of progressive motility and individual progressive...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Leptospires; Semen; Antibiotics; Extender.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822003000200011

Antibiotic susceptibility of Moraxella bovis recovered from outbreaks of Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis in Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay between 1974 and 2001
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Conceição,Fabricio Rochedo; Bertoncelli,Diane Maria; Storch,Otávio Brod; Paolicchi,Fernando; Cobo,Ana Lia; Gil-Turnes,Carlos.
Antibiotic susceptibility of thirty Moraxella bovis strains recovered from outbreaks of Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis (IBK) in Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay between 1974 and 2001 was determined using the Kirby-Bauer and the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) methods. Our results suggest that most strains were susceptible to the antibiotics used in the treatment of IBK, and that the antibiotic susceptibility of M. bovis varied with the geographical region and period of recovery.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Moraxella bovis; Antibiotics; MIC; Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis; IBK.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822004000300018

Drugs obtained by biotechnology processing
Provedor de dados: 60
Autores: Almeida,Hugo; Amaral,Maria Helena; Lobão,Paulo.
In recent years, the number of drugs of biotechnological origin available for many different diseases has increased exponentially, including different types of cancer, diabetes mellitus, infectious diseases (e.g. AIDS Virus / HIV) as well as cardiovascular, neurological, respiratory, and autoimmune diseases, among others. The pharmaceutical industry has used different technologies to obtain new and promising active ingredients, as exemplified by the fermentation technique, recombinant DNA technique and the hybridoma technique. The expiry of the patents of the first drugs of biotechnological origin and the consequent emergence of biosimilar products, have posed various questions to health authorities worldwide regarding the definition, framework, and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Recombinant DNA; Hybridoma technique; Bacteria; Antibiotics; Vaccines.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-82502011000200002

Toxicological effects of ciprofloxacin and chlorhexidine on growth and chlorophyll a synthesis of freshwater cyanobacteria
Provedor de dados: 60
Autores: Azevedo,Fernanda Cristina Rezende; Vaz,Izabela Cristina Dias; Barbosa,Francisco Antônio Rodrigues; Magalhães,Sérgia Maria Starling.
Cyanobacteria are phytoplanktonic microorganisms that are susceptible to the deleterious effects of pharmaceutical residues in the aquatic environment, which poses a challenge to the environment exposed to diverse pharmaceutical products and their potential effects. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the antibiotic substances ciprofloxacin and chlorhexidine in pharmaceutical preparations on the growth and production of chlorophyll of two cyanobacterial strains, Microcystis aeruginosa and Microcystis panniformis, isolated from a lake in a Brazilian environmental protection area. The EC50 and EC10 of chlorhexidine for M. aeruginosa were 206.4 µg/L and 108.5 µg/L, respectively, and for M. panniformis were 171.4 µg/L and 116.6 µg/L,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ecotoxicological test; Antibiotics; Antiseptic; Contaminants of emerging interest; Growth inhibition.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-82502019000100588

Antimicrobial activity of hydroalcoholic extracts from genipap, baru and taruma
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Santos,Fabíola Brandão dos; Ramos,Maria Isabel Lima; Miyagusku,Luciana.
ABSTRACT: Microbial resistance is a serious public health problem, which has led to the search for alternative treatments to replace antibiotics, including studies to evaluate the antimicrobial potential of species in Brazil’s Cerrado. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of hydroalcoholic extracts of genipap, baru, and taruma against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans using disc diffusion tests and microdilution. Results indicated that all genipap extracts showed inhibition zones and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum microbicidal concentrations (MMCs) ranging between 150μg/mL and 940μg/mL against all microorganisms tested. Baru pulp extracts...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cerrado fruits; Antibiotics; Genipa americana; Dipteryx alata; Vitex cymosa.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782017000800456