Consulta: subjectFacets:"Carbon dioxide"
Registros recuperados: 75
Data/hora: 03/06/2024 11:13:08

Evaluación de una bacteria ruminal acetogénica en la producción de metano in vitro.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Abrego García, Amaury.
Una alternativa para disminuir las emisiones de metano de los rumiantes es mediante la inoculación de bacterias acetogénicas, estas bacterias pueden competir por los sustratos (CO2 e H+) que usan las bacterias metanogénicas para producir metano. Los objetivos del estudio fueron identificar mediante secuenciación del gen ADNr 16S una bacteria ruminal acetogénica (BRA) aislada en medios selectivos, y evaluar el efecto de su inclusión sola o en cocultivo con un inóculo de bacterias ruminales totales (IBRT) en la producción de metano, ácidos grasos volátiles (AGV), y la degradación in vitro de la materia seca (DIVMS). La bacteria aislada se identificó como Clostridium paraputrificum. La BRA fue inoculada a dos concentraciones (1x106 y 1x108 bacterias mL-1 de...
Palavras-chave: Bacteria ruminal acetogénica; Producción de gas in vitro; Metano; Dióxido de carbono; Bacterias ruminales; Acetogenic-rumen bacteria; In vitro gas production; Methane; Carbon dioxide; Rumen bacteria; Ganadería; Maestría.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/719

An Overview of the Implications of Global Change for Natural and Managed Terrestrial Ecosystems
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Walker, Brian; CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems; Brian.Walker@csiro.au; Steffen, Will; ; Will.Steffen@dwe.csiro.au.
Global change is the net effect of individual and interactive effects of changes in land use, atmospheric composition, biological diversity, and climate.  A synthesis of the past six years' activities of the Global Change and Terrestrial Ecosystems project of the IGBP (International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme) deals with global change effects as ecosystem responses and living with global change. Ecosystem responses are considered in terms of changes in function and vegetation composition/structure. Field experiments of elevated CO2 effects on aboveground biomass show, on average, a positive effect on biomass, ranging from -20% to +80%. Some early predictions of CO2 effects (C3 vs. C4 plants, N-fixers, C:N in litter) are not generally supported, and it...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Biomes; Carbon dioxide; Climate; Dynamics; Ecosystem functioning; Global change; Impacts; Land use; Terrestrial biosphere; Vegetation changes.
Ano: 1997

Microbial-induced remediation of Zn2+ pollution based on the capture and utilization of carbon dioxide
Provedor de dados: 69
Autores: Zhan,Qiwei; Qian,Chunxiang.
Background: Microbial-induced remediation of Zn2+ pollution based on the capture and utilization of carbon dioxide was investigated. In this study, carbon dioxide was absorbed and transformed into carbonate ions under the enzymatic action of Paenibacillus mucilaginosus, which was being utilized to mineralize Zn2+. Results: The compositional and morphological properties of the precipitations were studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The thermal properties of the precipitates were investigated by thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC). The FTIR results confirmed that the functional groups of the...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Carbon dioxide; Microbial-induced; Mineralization; Paenibacillus mucilaginosus; Remediation.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582016000100005

Isolation and characterization of hydrocarbon producing green alga Botryococcus braunii from Indian freshwater bodies
Provedor de dados: 69
Autores: Dayananda,Chandrappa; Sarada,Ravi; Kumar,Vinod; Ravishankar,Gokare Aswathanarayana.
Samples of green colonial unicellular microalga Botryococcus braunii were collected from Bear Shola Falls at Kodaikanal (latitude 10.31 N and longitude 77.32 E), Tamil Nadu, India. Specimens were isolated, cultured and examined for its hydrocarbon content, morphological features and DNA structural resemblance with the known strain to confirm its identity. Inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) finger printing revealed strong genetic similarity among the authentic strain (B. braunii N-836) and the Indian isolated strain (B. braunii CFTRI- Bb1) from Kodaikanal. The type of hydrocarbons produced by the Kodaikanal isolates were analyzed and identified as saturated hydrocarbons in the range of C21 to C33 by GCMS. Tetracosane and octacosane were found as the major...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Biomass; Carbon dioxide; Carotenoids; Fatty acids; Inter simple sequence repeats; Saturated hydrocarbons.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582007000100008

Soil CO2 emission as related to incorporation of sugarcane crop residues and aggregate breaking after rotary tiller
Provedor de dados: 70
Autores: Teixeira,Luis G; Fukuda,Adrian; Panosso,Alan R; Lopes,Afonso; Scala Jr,Newton La.
Soil tillage is a process that accelerates soil organic matter decomposition transferring carbon to atmosphere, mainly in the CO2 form. In this study, the effect of rotary tillage on soil CO2 emission was investigated, including the presence of crop residues on the surface.Emissions were evaluated during 15 days after tillage in 3 plots: 1) non-tilled and without crop residues on soil surface (NTwo), 2) rotary tiller without the presence of crop residues on soil surface (RTwo), and 3) rotary tiller with the presence of crop residues in soil surface (RTw). Emissions from the RTw plot were higher than the other plots, (0.777 g CO2 m-2 h-1), with the lowest emissions recorded in the NTwo plot (0.414 g CO2 m-2 h-1). Total emission indicates that the difference...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Soil respiration; Soil tillage; Carbon dioxide; Temporal variability of soil CO2 emission.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-69162011000600005

Respiratory activity and browning of minimally processed sweet potatoes
Provedor de dados: 75
Autores: Moretti,Celso L.; Araújo,Alessandra L.; Marouelli,Waldir A.; Silva,Washington L.C.
Sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas L.), 'Brazlândia Roxa', 'Brazlândia Branca' and 'Princesa' were harvested at optimum maturity to evaluate respiratory activity and browning susceptibility of minimally processed roots. After harvest, non-blemished roots were graded for size (18±2cm) and diameter (5±1cm), and minimally processed inside a cold room. Processed roots were placed in sealed glass jars and stored at 3±0.5°C to evaluate respiratory activity during a 4-hour period or were packed in plastic films with partial vacuum to evaluate development of browning. Packages were stored under refrigerated conditions (3±0.5°C) for 5 days. Daily, minimally processed roots were evaluated for browning according to a scale ranging from 0 (extremely browned) to 5 (no...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ipomoea batatas; Carbon dioxide; Mechanical damage; Polyphenoloxidase; Postharvest; Sensory analysis; Storage.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-05362002000300020

Especificações padrões para mensurações de gases de efeito estufa e metabolismo de pequenos ruminantes no bioma Caatinga.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: ROGERIO, M. C. P.; BORGES, I.; FERREIRA, A. L.; MACHADO, F. S.; POMPEU, R. C. F. F.; GUEDES, L. F.; COSTA, C. dos S.; GUEDES, F. L.; GALVANI, D. B.
Resumo: A respirometria em ensaios com pequenos ruminantes contribui para a mensuração das emissões de gases de efeito estufa (GEE), subsídio ao pagamento por serviços ambientais e para o desenvolvimento de rações e suplementos que propiciem a máxima eficiência alimentar. Para as aferições de emissão de GEE, 15 cordeiras Santa Inês, com peso de 15,09 kg±2,63 kg, foram avaliadas na câmara respirométrica do Laboratório de Respirometria do Semiárido (Laresa) da Embrapa Caprinos e Ovinos. As dietas foram for-muladas conforme as exigências nutricionais descritas pelo NRC (National Research Council, 2007), em planos nutricionais para manutenção, acaba-mento de carcaça precoce e de carcaça tardia, com cinco repetições. As taxas médias de recuperação para CO2 e...
Tipo: Boletim de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Gás carbônico; Energia líquida; Semiárido; Metabolismo nutricional; Caloric increment; Liquid energy; Caprino; Ovino; Incremento Calórico; Metano; Goats; Sheep; Carbon dioxide; Methane; Brazil.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1117071

Levantamento bibliométrico de tecnologias de captura de gás carbônico de fontes energéticas.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: VAZ JUNIOR, S.; SOUZA, A. P. R. de; BAETA, B. E. L.
Resumo: O gás carbônico (CO2), ou dióxido de carbono, é um gás gerado tanto por fontes naturais quanto por fontes antrópicas, como a agricultura e a queima de combustíveis fósseis para a geração de energia. Na atualidade, ele é visto como o principal contribuinte para o aumento do efeito estufa, levando ao aquecimento global. Portanto, o desenvolvimento de tecnologiasde captura e uso desse gás são de grande importância para a mitigação dos gases do efeito estufa (GEE) e redução de seus efeitos ambientais negativos. Neste Boletim são apresentados e discutidos os resultados obtidos do levantamento bibliométrico para posicionamento do Brasil frente às tecnologias de captura de dióxido de carbono de fontes energéticas. Tal levantamento foi precedido de uma...
Tipo: Boletim de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Aquecimento global; Gases do efeito estufa; Precificação de carbono; Captura química; Bioenergia; Dióxido de Carbono; Efeito Estufa; Global warming; Greenhouse gases; Greenhouse effect; Carbon dioxide; Global carbon budget.
Ano: 2021
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1132558

Aplicação de CO2 via água de irrigação em meloeiro.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: PINTO, J. M.; BOTREL, T. A.; MACHADO, E. C.; FEITOSA FILHO, J. C.
bitstream/CPATSA/7791/1/INT16.pdf
Tipo: Comunicado Técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Melon.; Melão; Cucumis Melo; Dióxido de Carbono; Fertirrigação; Fotossíntese; Fruto; Qualidade.; Carbon dioxide; Fruit quality; Fertigation; Melons; Photosynthesis.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/132856

Solos do Semiárido: características e estoque de carbono
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: ARAUJO FILHO, J. C. de; MARQUES, F. A.; AMARAL, A. J. do; CUNHA, T. J. F.; SOUZA JÚNIOR, V. S. de; GALVÃO, P. V. M.
O objetivo deste capítulo é apresentar uma estimativa global do estoque de COS da região semiárida brasileira, considerando os diversos tipos de solos e seus domínios nessa região. Ressalta-se que estimativas dessa magnitude são difíceis de se obter, por vários motivos: a) conhecimento limitado sobre a extensão dos solos (estados mapeados com escalas diferentes e generalizadas); b) escassez de da dos precisos sobre os solos (densidade do solo, profundidade efetiva; frações grossas); c) variação espacial e em profundidade dos valores de COS, densidade e frações grossas em solos de mesma classe; e d) elevada dinâmica do uso e cobertura das terras. A seguir descrevem-se, resumidamente, os principais solos e depois é apresentada a estimativa global do estoque...
Tipo: Parte de livro
Palavras-chave: Bioma Caatinga; Semiárido; Características químicas; Características gerais dos solos; Características físicas; Características mineralógicas; Características morfológicas; Estoque de carbono; Carbono orgânico; Carbono inorgânico; Solo; Dióxido de Carbono; Cobertura Vegetal; Meio Ambiente; Soil; Carbon dioxide; Environment.
Ano: 2022
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1150132

Nitrificação e mineralização de carbono em solos tratados com dejetos de suínos biodigeridos.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: FERNANDES, A. H. B. M.; CARDOSO, M. A.; SOUZA, R. A. C. de; FERNANDES, F. A.; SOARES, M. T. S.; CRISPIM, S. M. A.; GALVANI, F.; LISITA, F. O.
O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar, em condições de laboratório, as taxas de nitrificação e a mineralização de carbono (C) no solo após a aplicação de diferentes doses de dejetos de suínos tratados em biorreatores anaeróbicos. The aim of this work was to evaluate the net nitrification and the C mineralization rates from pig slurry treated in bioreactors and applied to the soil at different doses.
Tipo: Boletim de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: CO2; NO3-; Nitrate.; Dióxido de Carbono; Nitrato; Suinocultura.; Carbon dioxide; Swine.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/920832

North Atlantic Western Boundary Currents Are Intense Dissolved Organic Carbon Streams
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Fontela, Marcos; Pérez, Fiz F; Mercier, Herle; Lherminier, Pascale.
In the North Atlantic, there are two main western boundary currents related to the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC): the Gulf Stream flowing northward and the Deep Western Boundary Current (DWBC) flowing southward. Here we analyze data from the OVIDE section (GO-SHIP A25 Portugal-Greenland 40–60°N) that crosses the DWBC and the northward extension of the Gulf Stream, the North Atlantic Current. We show that North Atlantic western boundary currents play a key role in the transport of dissolved organic matter, specifically dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Revisited transports and budgets of DOC with new available data identify the eastern Subpolar North Atlantic (eSPNA) as an important source of locally produced organic matter for the North...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Dissolved organic carbon; North Atlantic; Carbon budget; Carbon dioxide; Biogeochemistry; Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00661/77268/78702.pdf

Carbon Dynamics Along the Seine River Network: Insight From a Coupled Estuarine/River Modeling Approach
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Laruelle, Goulven G.; Marescaux, Audrey; Le Gendre, Romain; Garnier, Josette; Rabouille, Christophe; Thieu, Vincent.
The Seine river discharges over 700 Gg of carbon (C) every year into the sea mostly under the form of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and emits 445 Gg under the form of carbon dioxide (CO2) to the atmosphere over its entire river network. The watershed, which drains 76,000 km2, is heavily populated with 18 106 inhabitants and is thus submitted to large anthropic pressure. The offline coupling of two Reactive Transport Models is used to understand the complex spatial and temporal dynamics of carbon, oxygen and nutrients and quantify the CO2 exchange at the air-water interface along the main axis of the river. The estuarine section of the Seine is simulated by the generic estuarine model C-GEM (for Carbon Generic Estuarine Model), while the upstream part of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Dissolved inorganic and organic carbon; Carbon dioxide; Reactive-transport model; Seine river and estuary; Biogeochemical budget.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00493/60421/63858.pdf

On the physical and biogeochemical processes driving the high frequency variability of CO2 fugacity at 6 degrees S, 10 degrees W: Potential role of the internal waves
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Parard, Gaelle; Boutin, J.; Cuypers, Y.; Bouruet-aubertot, P.; Caniaux, G.
The availability of nutrients in the mixed layer is the main limitation to organic carbon biological production in the tropical regions. In this paper, we investigate the potential role of internal waves at promoting the development of biological activity on a PIRATA mooring at 6 degrees S, 10 degrees W. This mooring is located above the Mid-Atlantic Ridge where we observe strong internal waves. Using a one-dimensional physical and biogeochemical coupled model, we simulate dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC). Providing the influence of vertical advection and turbulent diapycnal diffusivity are (it is vertical advection + turbulent dipycnal mixing) accounted for, we find that this model provides a good fit with observed in situ CO2 fugacity (fCO(2)). Main...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Carbon dioxide; Internal wave; High frequency; PIRATA; Atlantic tropical; Nitrate flux.
Ano: 2014
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00624/73568/73005.pdf

Effects of phytoplankton community composition and productivity on sea surface pCO(2) variations in the Southern Ocean
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Takao, Shintaro; Nakaoka, Shin-ichiro; Hashihama, Fuminori; Shimada, Keishi; Yoshikawa-inoue, Hisayuki; Hirawake, Toru; Kanda, Jota; Hashida, Gen; Suzuki, Koji.
The Southern Ocean is a vast net sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), with marine phytoplankton playing a crucial role in CO2 fixation. We assessed how changes in the dominant phytoplankton community and net primary productivity (NPP) affected variations in the partial pressure of CO2 in surface water (pCO(2)(sw)) in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean during austral summer. pCO2sw was negatively correlated with total phytoplankton and diatom abundances, as estimated from pigment signatures, in the zone south of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current; however, pCO(2)(sw) was not correlated with haptophyte abundance. Additionally, a stronger correlation was found between pCO(2)(sw) and total phytoplankton NPP than between chlorophyll a concentration...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Phytoplankton community composition; Diatoms; Southern Ocean; Net primary productivity; Carbon dioxide.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00676/78836/81084.pdf

Quantifying the drivers of ocean-atmosphere CO2 fluxes
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lauderdale, Jonathan M.; Dutkiewicz, Stephanie; Williams, Richard G.; Follows, Michael J.
A mechanistic framework for quantitatively mapping the regional drivers of air-sea CO2 fluxes at a global scale is developed. The framework evaluates the interplay between (1) surface heat and freshwater fluxes that influence the potential saturated carbon concentration, which depends on changes in sea surface temperature, salinity and alkalinity, (2) a residual, disequilibrium flux influenced by upwelling and entrainment of remineralized carbon- and nutrient-rich waters from the ocean interior, as well as rapid subduction of surface waters, (3) carbon uptake and export by biological activity as both soft tissue and carbonate, and (4) the effect on surface carbon concentrations due to freshwater precipitation or evaporation. In a steady state simulation of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Air-sea flux; Carbon dioxide; Regional drivers.
Ano: 2016
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00383/49416/49873.pdf

A Surface Ocean CO2 Reference Network, SOCONET and Associated Marine Boundary Layer CO2 Measurements
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Wanninkhof, Rik; Pickers, Penelope A.; Omar, Abdirahman M.; Sutton, Adrienne; Murata, Akihiko; Olsen, Are; Stephens, Britton B.; Tilbrook, Bronte; Munro, David; Pierrot, Denis; Rehder, Gregor; Magdalena Santana-casiano, J.; Mueller, Jens D.; Trinanes, Joaquin; Tedesco, Kathy; O'Brien, Kevin; Currie, Kim; Barberols, Leticia; Telszewski, Maciej; Hoppema, Mario; Ishii, Masao; Gonzalez-davila, Melchor; Bates, Nicholas R.; Metzl, Nicolas; Suntharalingam, Parvadha; Feely, Richard A.; Nakaoka, Shin-ichiro; Lauvset, Siv K.; Takahashi, Taro; Steinhoff, Tobias; Schuster, Ute.
The Surface Ocean CO2 NETwork (SOCONET) and atmospheric Marine Boundary Layer (MBL) CO2 measurements from ships and buoys focus on the operational aspects of measurements of CO2 in both the ocean surface and atmospheric MBLs. The goal is to provide accurate pCO(2) data to within 2 micro atmosphere (mu atm) for surface ocean and 0.2 parts per million (ppm) for MBL measurements following rigorous best practices, calibration and intercomparison procedures. Platforms and data will be tracked in near real-time and final quality-controlled data will be provided to the community within a year. The network, involving partners worldwide, will aid in production of important products such as maps of monthly resolved surface ocean CO2 and air-sea CO2 flux...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Carbon dioxide; Network; Oceanography; Fluxes; Best practices.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00675/78725/80992.pdf

A new analysis of hypoxia tolerance in fishes using a database of critical oxygen level (P-crit)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Rogers, Nicholas J.; Urbinalt, Mauricio A.; Reardon, Erin E.; Mckenzie, David J.; Wilsonl, Rod W.
Hypoxia is a common occurrence in aquatic habitats, and it is becoming an increasingly frequent and widespread environmental perturbation, primarily as the result of anthropogenic nutrient enrichment and climate change. An in-depth understanding of the hypoxia tolerance of fishes, and how this varies among individuals and species, is required to make accurate predictions of future ecological impacts and to provide better information for conservation and fisheries management. The critical oxygen level (P-crit)m has been widely used as a quantifiable trait of hypoxia tolerance. It is defined as the oxygen level below which the animal can no longer maintain a stable rate of oxygen uptake (oxyregulate) and uptake becomes dependent on ambient oxygen...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Carbon dioxide; Critical oxygen tension; Metabolic rate; Oxygen and capacity limitation of thermal tolerance; Physiological trait.
Ano: 2016
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00337/44816/74413.pdf

Air-sea CO2 fluxes in a coastal embayment affected by upwelling: physical versus biological control
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Alvarez, M; Fernandez, E; Perez, Ff.
Water column pCO(2) and air-sea CO2 fluxes were studied during an 18-month period (May 1994-September 1995) in a coastal embayment affected by upwelling, located in the northwestern Iberian Peninsula (Ria de Vigo and adjacent shelf). Overall, the region acted as a net annual atmospheric CO, sink, with magnitude ranging from 0.54 mgC m(-2) d(-1) in the Ria estuary to 22 mgC m(-2) d(-1) offshore. During moderate upwelling and upwelling relaxation conditions the sampling area was a sink for atmospheric CO2. By contrast, during winter conditions and during intense upwelling the flux reversed towards the atmosphere. The relative influence of physical and biological processes on pCO(2) was evaluated using two different approaches: firstly, statistical analysis...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Dioxyde de carbone; Échange air-mer; Variabilité spatiale-temporelle; Contrôle physique-biologique; Nord-ouest de la péninsule Ibérique; Carbon dioxide; Air-sea exchange; Spatial-temporal variability; Physical-biological control; Northwestern Iberian Peninsula.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00325/43599/43983.pdf

Decadal trends in the ocean carbon sink
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Devries, Tim; Le Quere, Corinne; Andrews, Oliver; Berthet, Sarah; Hauck, Judith; Ilyina, Tatiana; Landschuetzer, Peter; Lenton, Andrew; Lima, Ivan D.; Nowicki, Michael; Schwinger, Jorg; Seferian, Roland.
Measurements show large decadal variability in the rate of CO2 accumulation in the atmosphere that is not driven by CO2 emissions. The decade of the 1990s experienced enhanced carbon accumulation in the atmosphere relative to emissions, while in the 2000s, the atmospheric growth rate slowed, even though emissions grew rapidly. These variations are driven by natural sources and sinks of CO2 due to the ocean and the terrestrial biosphere. In this study, we compare three independent methods for estimating oceanic CO2 uptake and find that the ocean carbon sink could be responsible for up to 40% of the observed decadal variability in atmospheric CO2 accumulation. Data-based estimates of the ocean carbon sink from pCO(2) mapping methods and decadal ocean inverse...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Carbon dioxide; Ocean carbon sink; Terrestrial carbon sink; Climate variability; Carbon budget.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00675/78728/80983.pdf

Metabolism of CO and CH sub(4) by nitrifiers and the determination of the nitrification rate.
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Morita, R; Jones, R.
The nitrifying bacteria were found to survive 24 weeks in the absence of ammonium without decreasing their number of cell size. Because H sub(2), CO, and CH sub(4) are present in the marine environment, these substrates were investigated as a possible source of the energy of maintenance for the nitrifying bacteria. super(14)CO and super(14)CH sub(4) were found to be oxidized by the nitrifiers. N-serve was found to inhibit the oxidation of CO. Using the nitrifiers' ability to oxide CO, a method for the determination of the nitrification rate was developed. The ability of nitrifiers to oxidize CO may play a significant role in the cycling of CO sub(2) in the marine environment. Whether CO and CH sub(4) oxidation play a role in the survival of nitrifiers in...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Methane; Carbon dioxide; Survival; Bacteria; Nitrification; Nitrogen cycle; Oxidation; Carbon cycle; Biogeochemistry; Metabolism.
Ano: 1984
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1984/acte-975.pdf

Mesoscale Temporal Wind Variability Biases Global Air–Sea Gas Transfer Velocity of CO2 and Other Slightly Soluble Gases
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gu, Yuanyuan; Katul, Gabriel G.; Cassar, Nicolas.
The significance of the water-side gas transfer velocity for air–sea CO2 gas exchange (k) and its non-linear dependence on wind speed (U) is well accepted. What remains a subject of inquiry are biases associated with the form of the non-linear relation linking k to U (hereafter labeled as f(U), where f(.) stands for an arbitrary function of U), the distributional properties of U (treated as a random variable) along with other external factors influencing k, and the time-averaging period used to determine k from U. To address the latter issue, a Taylor series expansion is applied to separate f(U) into a term derived from time-averaging wind speed (labeled as ⟨U⟩, where ⟨.⟩ indicates averaging over a monthly time scale) as currently employed in climate...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Carbon dioxide; Gas transfer velocity; Time-averaging; Wind speeds.
Ano: 2021
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00687/79949/82869.pdf

A Multiparametric Nonlinear Regression Approach for the Estimation of Global Surface Ocean pCO(2) Using Satellite Oceanographic Data
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Krishna, Kande Vamsi; Shanmugam, Palanisamy; Nagamani, Pullaiahgari Venkata.
Estimation of the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO(2)) and its space-time variability in global surface ocean waters is essential for understanding the carbon cycle and predicting the future atmospheric CO2 concentration. Until recently, only basin-scale distribution of pCO(2) has been reported by using satellite-derived climatological data due to the lack of models for global-scale applications. In the present work, a multiparametric nonlinear regression (MPNR) for the estimation of global-scale distribution of pCO(2) on the ocean surface is developed using continuous in-situ measurements of pCO(2), chlorophyll-a (Chla) concentration, sea surface temperature (SST), and sea surface salinity (SSS) obtained on a number of cruise programs in various...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Carbon dioxide; Chlorophyll-a; Multiparametric algorithm; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide; Satellite oceanography; Sea surface salinity; Sea surface temperature.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00676/78842/81152.pdf

Impact of Nonzero Intercept Gas Transfer Velocity Parameterizations on Global and Regional Ocean-Atmosphere CO2 Fluxes
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Ribas-ribas, Mariana; Battaglia, Gianna; Humphreys, Matthew P.; Wurl, Oliver.
Carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes between the ocean and atmosphere (FCO2) are commonly computed from differences between their partial pressures of CO2 (pCO(2)) and the gas transfer velocity (k). Commonly used wind-based parameterizations for k imply a zero intercept, although in situ field data below 4 m s(-1) are scarce. Considering a global average wind speed over the ocean of 6.6 m s(-1), a nonzero intercept might have a significant impact on global FCO2. Here, we present a database of 245 in situ measurements of k obtained with the floating chamber technique (Sniffle), 190 of which have wind speeds lower than 4 m s(-1). A quadratic parameterization with wind speed and a nonzero intercept resulted in the best fit for k. We further tested FCO2 calculated with...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Gas transfer velocity; Low wind speed; Carbon dioxide; Ocean-atmosphere CO2 flux; Carbon cycle.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00675/78732/80994.pdf

Disentangling Drought and Nutrient Effects on Soil Carbon Dioxide and Methane Fluxes in a Tropical Forest
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bréchet, Laëtitia; Courtois, Elodie A.; Saint-germain, Thomas; Janssens, Ivan A.; Asensio, Dolores; Ramirez-rojas, Irene; Soong, Jennifer L.; Van Langenhove, Leandro; Verbruggen, Erik; Stahl, Clément.
Tropical soils are a major contributor to the balance of greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes in the atmosphere. Models of tropical GHG fluxes predict that both the frequency of drought events and changes in atmospheric deposition of nitrogen (N) will significantly affect dynamics of soil carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) production and consumption. In this study, we examined the combined effect of a reduction in precipitation and an increase in nutrient availability on soil CO2 and CH4 fluxes in a primary French Guiana tropical forest. Drought conditions were simulated by intercepting precipitation falling through the forest canopy with tarpaulin roofs. Nutrient availability was manipulated through application of granular N and/or phosphorus (P) fertilizer to...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Carbon dioxide; Drought; Fertilization; Methane; Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Soil GHG fluxes; Tropical forest.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00595/70694/68903.pdf

Experimental study of gas hydrate formation and destabilisation using a novel high-pressure apparatus
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Ruffine, Livio; Donval, Jean-pierre; Charlou, Jean-luc; Cremiere, Antoine; Zehnder, B. H.
A novel variable-volume type high-pressure apparatus has been designed, constructed and used for gas hydrate investigations. The apparatus has an operating temperature ranging from 253 K to 473 K and pressure ranging from 0.1 MPa to 60 MPa. Its central component consists of a viewing windows cell to which several sensors or analytical instruments can be connected. At its present configuration, a Raman spectrometer and a gas chromatograph are connected for the study of the liquid (or solid) and the gas phases respectively. The apparatus was used for the study of two different systems. The first system was composed of carbon dioxide (CO2) and water for which the hydrate formation and dissolution has been investigated by injecting water into liquid CO2. The...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Gas hydrates; Thermogenic; Carbon dioxide; Formation; Destabilisation; Novel apparatus; Raman spectroscopy; Chromatography.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00006/11759/8472.pdf

Chemical and thermal description of the environment of the Genesis hydrothermal vent community (13 degrees N, EPR)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Sarradin, Pierre-marie; Caprais, Jean-claude; Briand, Patrick; Gaill, Françoise; Shillito, Bruce; Desbruyeres, Daniel.
The objective of this study is to describe the chemical and physical environment surrounding the vent organisms at the Genesis site (EPR, 2640 m). The main chimney is colonized by Riftia pachyptila, fishes Zoarcidae and crabs Bythograeidae. The top of the smoker is covered with tubes of polychaetes Alvinellidae, the frontier zone by limpet gastropods. Temperature measurements and water sampling were made on an axis along the chimney. The environment was characterized using relationships between chemical concentrations and temperature to provide a chemo-thermal model of the site. Discrete temperature ranges were 1-1.6 degrees C in sea water, 1.6-10 degrees C among Riftia plumes (up to 25 degrees C at the tube base), 7-91 degrees C close to the alvinellid...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Hydrothermal ecosystem; Hydrogen sulphide; Carbon dioxide; Temperature.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00186/29764/28200.pdf

Key Uncertainties in the Recent Air‐Sea Flux of CO2
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Woolf, D.k.; Shutler, J.d.; Goddijn‐murphy, L.; Watson, A.j.; Chapron, Bertrand; Nightingale, P.d.; Donlon, C.j.; Piskozub, J.; Yelland, M.j.; Ashton, Ian; Holding, T.; Schuster, U.; Girard-ardhuin, Fanny; Grouazel, Antoine; Piolle, Jean-francois; Warren, M.; Wrobel‐niedzwiecka, I.; Land, P.e.; Torres, R.; Prytherch, J.; Moat, B.; Hanafin, J.; Ardhuin, Fabrice; Paul, Frederic.
The contemporary air‐sea flux of CO2 is investigated by the use of an air‐sea flux equation, with particular attention to the uncertainties in global values and their origin with respect to that equation. In particular, uncertainties deriving from the transfer velocity and from sparse upper ocean sampling are investigated. Eight formulations of air‐sea gas transfer velocity are used to evaluate the combined standard uncertainty resulting from several sources of error. Depending on expert opinion, a standard uncertainty in transfer velocity of either ~5% or ~10% can be argued and that will contribute a proportional error in air‐sea flux. The limited sampling of upper ocean fCO2 is readily apparent in the Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT) databases. The effect...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Carbon dioxide; Air-sea flux; Uncertainty; Transfer velocity; Sampling.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00513/62450/66754.pdf

Stability of mixed gas hydrates and mass transfer during formation, accumulation and destabilization: laboratory experiment and modeling
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Legoix, Ludovic.
Gas hydrates are fascinating ice-like compounds made of water cages that retain various types of guest molecules. Natural gas hydrates on Earth form below the seafloor and permafrost and contain mainly methane (CH4). Methane from hydrate deposits could be considered as an energy resource. One possible production scenario of CH4 from hydrates is the injection of carbon dioxide (CO2) or carbon dioxide-nitrogen(CO2-N2) mixed gas into the reservoir. Depending on the thermodynamic constraints, the composition of the gas hydrate guest molecules changes: the energy source CH4 is released and the greenhouse gas CO2 is trapped. The aim of the present work is to study the mixed gas hydrates that form in gas hydrate reservoirs after injection of CO2 or CO2-N2 gas...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Gas hydrates; Methane; Carbon dioxide; Thermodynamic.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00490/60183/63524.pdf

Evidence of silicic acid leakage to the tropical Atlantic via Antarctic Intermediate Water during Marine Isotope Stage 4
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Griffiths, James D.; Barker, Stephen; Hendry, Katharine R.; Thornalley, David J. R.; Van De Flierdt, Tina; Hall, Ian R.; Anderson, Robert F.
Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW) and Subantarctic Mode Water (SAMW) are the main conduits for the supply of dissolved silicon (silicic acid) from the deep Southern Ocean (SO) to the low-latitude surface ocean and therefore have an important control on low-latitude diatom productivity. Enhanced supply of silicic acid by AAIW (and SAMW) during glacial periods may have enabled tropical diatoms to outcompete carbonate-producing phytoplankton, decreasing the relative export of inorganic to organic carbon to the deep ocean and lowering atmospheric pCO(2). This mechanism is known as the silicic acid leakage hypothesis (SALH). Here we present records of neodymium and silicon isotopes from the western tropical Atlantic that provide the first direct evidence of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Silica leakage; Diatom; Carbon dioxide; SAMW; AAIW.
Ano: 2013
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00264/37526/35763.pdf

Global data products help assess changes to ocean carbon sink
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bakker, Dorothee C. E.; Pfeil, Benjamin; Olsen, Are; Sabine, Christopher L.; Metzl, Nicolas; Hankin, Steven; Koyuk, Heather; Kozyr, Alex; Malczyk, Jeremy; Manke, Ansley; Telszewski, Maciej.
Net oceanic uptake of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO2) reduces global warming but also leads to ocean acidification [Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), 2007]. Understanding and predicting changes in the ocean carbon sink are critical to assessments of future climate change. Surface water CO2 measurements suggest large year-to-year variations in oceanic CO2 uptake for several regions [Doney et al., 2009]. However, there is much debate on whether these changes are cyclical or indicative of long-term trends. Sustained, globally coordinated observations of the surface ocean carbon cycle and systematic handling of such data are essential for assessing variation and trends in regional and global ocean carbon uptake, information necessary...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Carbon dioxide; Ocean; Coastal; Synthesis.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00140/25162/23290.pdf

Compuestos del ciclo del carbono en la zona litoral del municipio Playa, Ciudad de la Habana, Cuba.
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Montalvo, J. F.; García, I.; Esponda, S.C.,; Cesar, M.E.; Alburquerque, O.
Se realizaron cinco muestreos entre enero de 2007 y junio de 2008 a la zona costera del municipio Playa, con el fin de evaluar los contenidos de los compuestos del ciclo del carbono. Los parámetros estudiados en la matriz agua fueron carbón orgánico, pH, alcalinidad total, alcalinidad al carbonato, dióxido de carbono total, dióxido de carbono libre, presión parcial de CO2, y contenidos de bicarbonato y carbonato. Los compuestos de carbono orgánico e inorgánico tuvieron una distribución muy heterogénea, los valores de pH (8,24±0,22) y alcalinidad total (2523±119 μmol/kg) indican que el área tiene un comportamiento alcalino, estos montos fueron similares a los encontrados en aguas de la plataforma marina cubanos y superiores a los consignados para el...
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: Carbon dioxide; Alkalinity; Carbon cycle; Carbon dioxide; Alkalinity; Carbon cycle; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1302; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8721; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_17299.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/3390

Notas acerca de la fertilización por hierro
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Rentería, W.; Ortega, J.
La fertilización de los océanos con hierro han sido presentada como solución a corto plazo para poder reducir CO2 de la atmósfera. Esta afirmación presentada hace 20 años ha liderado y ha despertado un controversial debate sobre las posibles consecuencias en el clima. La bioquímica del hierro es un sistema complejo y su estudio en el océano es relativamente nuevo en comparación con los otros nutrientes, sin embargo, este sistema ha sido descrito en varios estudios que ayudan en la compresión de la afirmación intrincada sobre los beneficios de la fertilización con hierro. El objetivo de este estudio es describir los aspectos relacionados con los fundamentos de la fertilización con hierro, discutiendo acerca de la afirmación de la limitación de hierro y la...
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: Iron; Pollution effects; Carbon dioxide.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/4715

Flux de CO2 dans les lagunes (Aby et Ebrié) de la Côte d'Ivoire.
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Koné, Yéfanlan José-Mathieu; Seu-Anoi, N.M.
Les données de CO2 obtenues pendant deux campagnes dans les lagunes Aby et Ebrié montrent que ces écosystèmes sont très hétérogènes en terme de dynamique de CO2. Alors que la lagune Ebrié est sursaturée de CO2 vis-à-vis de l'atmosphère , la lagune Aby quant à elle est sous saturée en CO2 à cause d'une forte production phytoplanctonique caractérisée par des valeurs élevées de chlorophylle a dans la colonne d'eau. Ces résultats ne permettent pas par conséquent de conclure si les lagunes sont des sources ou des puits de CO2. Cependant, ils mettent en exergue l'importance de ces milieux dans les bilans globaux de CO2 surtout dans les régions tropicales. Ils soulignent aussi l'importance de la diversité des écosystèmes côtiers dans le cycle global du carbone.
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: Jets; Carbon dioxide; Coastal lagoons.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/5773

Partial replacement of corn by soybean hulls in high-grain diets for feedlot sheep
Provedor de dados: 86
Autores: Homem Junior,Antonio Carlos; Nocera,Bruno Faleiros; Faleiros,Lucas Figueiredo; Almeida,Marco Túlio Costa; Paschoaloto,Josimari Regina; Perez,Henrique Leal; D’Áurea,André Pastori; Ezequiel,Jane Maria Bertocco.
Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the partial replacement of corn grains by soybean hulls, in high-grain diets, and its effect on the feeding behavior and ruminal fermentation parameters of feedlot sheep. Eight rumen-cannulated crossbred sheep were assigned to four treatment groups composed of a control, to fed a diet of 50% corn silage and 50% concentrate, and to three groups fed high-grain diets, as follows: 85% corn (Diet85), 75% corn plus 10% soybean hulls (Diet75), and 65% corn plus 20% soybean hulls (Diet65). High-grain diets reduced rumination time and provided a higher degradation of feed dry matter, a higher-propionic acid concentration, a lower-acetic acid concentration, a lower methane and carbon dioxide gas production, and a...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Carbon dioxide; Dry matter degradation; Ingestive behavior; Methane gas; Short-chain fatty acids.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2019000103500

'Royal Gala' apple quality stored under ultralow oxygen concentration and low temperature conditions
Provedor de dados: 86
Autores: Weber,Anderson; Brackmann,Auri; Anese,Rogério de Olivera; Both,Vanderlei; Pavanello,Elizandra Pivotto.
The objective of this work was to evaluate the interaction of ultralow oxygen concentrations (ULO) with storage temperatures and carbon dioxide partial pressures and its influence on fruit quality preservation and on the occurrence of physiological disorders in 'Royal Gala' apples. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design, with four replicates 25-fruit. ULO conditions (1.0 kPa O2 + 2.0 kPa CO2; 0.8 kPa O2 + 1.5 kPa CO2; 0.8 kPa O2 + 1.0 kPa CO2; 0.6 kPa O2 + 1.5 kPa CO2; and 0.6 kPa O2 + 1.0 kPa CO2) were tested at 0, 0.5 and 1.0°C, in a 5x3 factorial arrangement. Fruit quality and ripening analyses were performed after eight-month storage plus seven days of shelf-life at 20°C. Oxygen partial pressures below 0.8 kPa increased the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Malus domestica; Carbon dioxide; Controlled atmosphere; Decay; Physiological disorders.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2011001200003

Weed Interference in the Establishment of Urochloa ruziziensis
Provedor de dados: 87
Autores: LOURENÇO,A.A.; MOTA,R.V.; SANCHES,J.L.; MARQUES,R.F.; MARCHI,S.R.
ABSTRACT: This research aimed to study weed interference relationship on morphogenesis, yield, and greenhouse gas production potential of Urochloa ruziziensis under pasture renovation conditions. The experimental design was a randomized block design with four replications. Treatments consisted of seven coexistence periods: 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 days after emergence (DAE). The following morphological parameters were analyzed: number of tillers, number of leaves, photosynthetically active leaf blade biomass, fresh stem biomass, dead material biomass, and total dry biomass. In vitro analyses of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) production were also carried out. The results were submitted to analysis of variance by the F-test, and the test of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Pasture renovation; Weed competition; Morphogenesis; Carbon dioxide; Methane.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582019000100272

Allocation of CO2 Emissions Allowances in the Regional Greenhouse Gas Cap-and-Trade Program
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Burtraw,   Dallas; Palmer,   Karen L.; Kahn,   Danny.
Cap-and-trade programs for air emissions have become the widely accepted, preferred approach to cost-effective pollution reduction. One of the important design questions in a trading program is how to initially distribute the emissions allowances. Under the Acid Rain program created by Title IV of the Clean Air Act, most emissions allowances were distributed to current emitters on the basis of a historic measure of electricity generation in an approach known as grandfathering. Recent proposals have suggested two alternative approaches: allocation according to a formula that is updated over time according to some performance metric in a recent year (the share of electricity generation or something else) and auctioning allowances to the highest bidders....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Emissions trading; Allowance allocations; Electricity; Air pollution; Auction; Grandfathering; Generation performance standard; Output-based allocation; Cost-effectiveness; Greenhouse gases; Climate change; Global warming; Carbon dioxide; Sulfur dioxide; Nitrogen oxides; Mercury; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q2; Q25; Q4; L94.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10650

Investment in Electricity Transmission and Ancillary Environmental Benefits
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bloyd,   Cary; Bharvirkar,   Ranjit; Burtraw,   Dallas.
Planning of the electricity transmission system generally focuses on the pros and cons of providing generation close to the source of the power demand versus remote generation linked via the transmission system. Recent electricity supply problems in the western United States have renewed interest in the role of transmission in assuring the reliability of electricity supply. Recently, the Western Governors' Association led the development of a planning exercise that examined the tradeoffs over the next 10 years between locating new natural gas powered generation close to the load centers versus new coal, wind, hydro, and geothermal generation in remote areas. Although the analysis concentrated on the direct system costs, the choice of new generation will...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Electricity; Transmission; Air pollution; Ancillary benefits; Nitrogen oxides; Sulfur dioxide; Carbon dioxide; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; L94; Q25; Q41.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10519

Expanding biogas on UK dairy farms: a question of scale
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Butler,   Allan J.; Hobbs,   Phil; Winter,   Michael.
Expanding Anaerobic Digestion (AD) in the UK will not only depend upon finding appropriate economic structures to support on‐farm developments but also an appreciation of environmental issues such as less Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions; reduced use of artificial fertilisers; and better management of farm wastes. At the core of this paper is the Anaerobic Digestion Analytical Model (ADAM) that examines the economic and environmental impacts of integrating AD into UK farming systems. However, the average dairy farm in the UK is not of sufficient size to enable profitable biogas production. Indeed, farm size, as represented by FBS/FAS data used in ADAM, needs to be scaled by three to four times for a biogas enterprise to break‐even. To boost profitability,...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Anaerobic digestion; Biogas; Dairy farming; Carbon dioxide; Nutrients; Digestate; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108937

Greenhouse Gas Emission Factor Module: Land Use in Rural New Zealand—Climate Version 1
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hendy,   Joanna; Kerr,   Suzi.
Several different New Zealand economic models produce measures of rural economic activity that have greenhouse gas implications. For climate change analysis, models need to translate economic activity into greenhouse gas emissions. This document estimates functions and creates projections for land-use related greenhouse gas emissions per unit of economic activity that are simple; are based on readily available data and strong science; are consistent with the national inventory in 2002; evolve so that implied net emissions approximately match past inventory totals (1990–2002); and can be linked easily to a variety of models so they can be used in simulations. We estimate dynamic greenhouse gas emission functions for five land uses: dairy, sheep, beef,...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Greenhouse gases; Methane; Nitrous oxide; Carbon dioxide; Scrub; Forest; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Relations/Trade; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98501

The Effect on Asset Values of the Allocation of Carbon Dioxide Emission Allowances
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Burtraw,   Dallas; Palmer,   Karen L.; Bharvirkar,   Ranjit; Paul,   Anthony.
Paradoxically, owners of existing generation assets may be better off paying for carbon dioxide emission allowances than having them distributed for free. This analysis shows that it takes just 7.5% of the revenue raised under an auction to preserve the asset values of existing generators.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Carbon dioxide; Emission allowance trading; Allocation; Electricity; Restructuring; Air pollution; Auction; Grandfathering; Generation performance standard; Outputbased allocation; Cost-effectiveness; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q2; Q25; Q4; L94.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10705

Ancillary Benefits of Reduced Air Pollution in the United States from Moderate Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Policies in the Electricity Sector
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Burtraw,   Dallas; Krupnick,   Alan J.; Palmer,   Karen L.; Paul,   Anthony; Toman,   Michael; Bloyd,   Cary.
This paper considers how moderate actions to slow atmospheric accumulation of greenhouse gases from fossil fuel use also could reduce conventional air pollutants in the United States. The benefits that result would be "ancillary" to greenhouse gas abatement. Moreover, the benefits would tend to accrue locally and in the near term, while benefits from reduced climate change mostly accrue globally and over a time frame of several decades or longer. The previous literature suggests that changes in nitrogen oxides (NOx) would be the most important consequence of moderate carbon policies. We calculate these changes in a detailed electricity model linked to an integrated assessment framework to value changes in human health. A tax of $25 per metric ton of carbon...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Greenhouse gas; Ancillary benefits; Air pollution; Co-control benefits; Nitrogen oxides; Sulfur dioxide; Carbon dioxide; Particulates; Health; Environmental Economics and Policy; H23; I18; Q48.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10664

An Experimental Analysis of Auctioning Emission Allowances Under a Loose Cap
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Shobe,   William; Palmer,   Karen L.; Myers,   Erica; Holt,   Charles; Goeree,   Jacob K.; Burtraw,   Dallas.
The direct sale of emission allowances by auction is an emerging characteristic of cap-and-trade programs. This study is motivated by the observation that all of the major implementations of cap-and-trade regulations for the control of air pollution have started with a generous allocation of allowances relative to recent emissions history, a situation we refer to as a “loose cap.” Typically more stringent reductions are achieved in subsequent years of a program. We use an experimental setting to investigate the effects of a loose cap environment on a variety of auction types. We find that all auction formats studied are efficient in allocating emission allowances, but auction revenues tend to be lower relative to competitive benchmarks when the cap is...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Auction; Carbon dioxide; Greenhouse gases; Allowance trading; Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative; RGGI; Cap and trade; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90827

Cost-Effectiveness of Renewable Electricity Policies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Palmer,   Karen L.; Burtraw,   Dallas.
We analyze policies to promote renewable sources of electricity. A renewable portfolio standard raises electricity prices and primarily reduces gas-fired generation. A "knee" of the cost curve exists between 15% and 20% goals for 2020 in our central case, and higher natural gas prices lower the cost of greater reliance on renewables. A renewable energy production tax credit lowers electricity price at the expense of taxpayers and thus limits its effectiveness in reducing carbon emissions; it also is less cost-effective at increasing renewables than a portfolio standard. Neither policy is as cost-effective as a cap-and-trade policy for achieving carbon emissions reductions.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Renewable energy; Electricity; Renewable portfolio standard; Carbon dioxide; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q42; Q48; Q54.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10845

Air Emissions of Ammonia and Methane from Livestock Operations: Valuation and Policy Options
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Shih,   Jhih-Shyang; Burtraw,   Dallas; Palmer,   Karen L.; Siikamaki,   Juha.
The animal husbandry industry is a major emitter of methane, which is an important greenhouse gas. The industry is also a major emitter of ammonia, which is a precursor of fine particulate matter, arguably the number-one environment-related public health threat facing the nation. We present an integrated process model of the engineering economics of technologies to reduce methane and ammonia emissions at dairy operations in California. Three policy options are explored: greenhouse gas offset credits for methane control, particulate matter offset credits for ammonia control, and expanded net metering policies to provide revenue for the sale of electricity generated from captured methane gas. Individually, any of these policies appears to be sufficient to...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Methane; Ammonia; Carbon dioxide; Greenhouse gases; Climate change; Offset; Particulate matter; Net metering; Environmental policy; CAFO; Manure management; Biodigester; Electricity; Global warming; Cost-benefit; Incentive approach; Livestock Production/Industries; Q2; Q4; Q53.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10749

CO2 Allowance Allocation in the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative and the Effect on Electricity Investors
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Burtraw,   Dallas; Kahn,   Danny; Palmer,   Karen L.
The Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI) is an effort by nine Northeast and Mid-Atlantic states to develop a regional, mandatory, market-based cap-and-trade program to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the electricity sector. The initiative is expected to lead to an increase in the price of electricity in the RGGI region and beyond. The implications of these changes for the value of electricity-generating assets and the market value of the firms that own them depends on the initial allocation of carbon dioxide allowances, the composition of generating assets owned by the firm, and the locations of those assets. Changes in asset values inside the RGGI region may be positive or negative, whereas changes outside of the RGGI region are almost...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Emissions trading; Allowance allocations; Electricity; Air pollution; Auction; Grandfathering; Generation-performance standard; Output-based allocation; Cost-effectiveness; Greenhouse gases; Climate change; Global warming; Carbon dioxide; Asset value; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q2; Q25; Q4; L94.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10495

The Ten-Year Rule: Allocation of Emission Allowances in the EU Emission Trading System
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ahman,   Markus; Burtraw,   Dallas; Kruger,   Joseph; Zetterberg,   Lars.
In its guidance on National Allocation Plans (NAPs), the European Commission has discouraged Member States from adopting allocation methodologies that would provide incentives to firms affecting their compliance behavior. The purpose is to promote economic efficiency and to prevent strategic behavior that deviates from individual and collective cost-minimization. For example, some methodologies would reward one type of compliance investment over another. To discourage such actions, the EU Emission Trading System guidelines prohibit ex post redistribution of emission allowances within an allocation period based on behavior in that period. Similarly, the Commission has indicated that decisions about the initial distribution of allowances in the second phase...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Emission trading; Allowance allocations; Closures; New entrants; Tradable permits; Air pollution; Cost-effectiveness; Greenhouse gases; Climate change; Global warming; Carbon dioxide; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q2; Q25; Q4; L94.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10637

Modeling Economywide versus Sectoral Climate Policies Using Combined Aggregate-Sectoral Models
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pizer,   William A.; Burtraw,   Dallas; Harrington,   Winston; Newell,   Richard G.; Sanchirico,   James N.
Economic analyses of climate change policies frequently focus on reductions of energy-related carbon dioxide emissions via market-based, economywide policies. The current course of environment and energy policy debate in the United States, however, suggests an alternative outcome: inefficiently designed and/or sector-based policies. This paper uses a collection of specialized, sector-based models in conjunction with a computable general equilibrium model of the economy to examine and compare these policies at an aggregate level. We examine the relative cost of different policies designed to achieve the same quantity of emissions reductions. We find that excluding a limited number of sectors from an economywide policy does not significantly raise costs....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Carbon; Carbon dioxide; Climate change; Climate policy; General equilibrium model; Partial equilibrium model; Cost; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q25; D58; D61; Q48.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10502

Economic growth and pollution in the long run: the case of carbon dioxide
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Burke,   Paul J.
The concept underpinning the Environmental Kuznets Curve is that economic growth results in reduced pollution in the long run. In this report, an extension of Andreoni and Levinson’s (2001) theoretical model is presented. It demonstrates that an Environmental Kuznets Curve relationship can occur because high incomes allow more adoption of low-emission technologies at higher income levels. Evidence on the determinants of carbon dioxide emissions changes for OECD countries over the period 1961-2004 is presented. It highlights the importance of technology adoption in explaining whether countries have achieved emissions reductions at the same time as experiencing long-run economic growth. However, it is shown that technology adoption is affected by policy...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Economic growth; Pollution; Carbon dioxide; Environmental Kuznets curve Research; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94804

The influence of side-curtain color on broiler chick behavior
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Vercellino,R do A; Moura,DJ de; Nääs,I de A; Maia,AP de A; Medeiros,BBL; Salgado,DDA; Carvalho,TRM de.
Brazilian poultry production is prospering, and negative-pressure broiler houses are increasingly used to improve environmental control. One important issue is the color of the side curtains used in such houses due to the influence of colors on broiler behavior. This study aimed at evaluating the influence of different curtain color on the welfare of 7-day-old broilers, considering luminosity and other environmental parameters. Chicks were housed in three different negative-pressure broiler houses either with black (T1), blue (T2), or yellow (T3) side curtains. House environment (luminosity, dry-bulb temperature, air relative humidity, air velocity, and gas emissions) and the behavior of chicks on day 7 after housing were evaluated in three consecutive...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ammonia; Carbon dioxide; Luminosity; Behavior; Broiler chicks.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2013000300002

Effects of Incubator Carbon Dioxide and Oxygen Levels, and Egg Weight on Broilers’ Hatchability of Fertile Eggs
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Okur,N.
ABSTRACT This study investigated the effects of incubator carbon dioxide (CO2) and oxygen (O2) levels, and egg weight (EW) on embryo mortality (EM) and hatchability of fertile eggs (HFE). A total of 1920 hatching eggs were obtained from a middle-aged (41 weeks) ROSS 308 broiler breeder flock. The eggs were classified according to EW as heavy (69.63 ± 0.09 g), medium (65.20 ± 0.04 g) and light (61.11 ± 0.08 g) and randomly allocated to four separate identical incubators. To these incubators, four different incubator ventilation programmes (IVP) classified as control (C; 0.7% CO2 and 20.9% O2), high CO2 (HC; 1.1% CO2 and 20.3% O2), high O2 (HO; 0.6% CO2 and 22.0% O2), and high CO2 + O2 (HCO; 0.9% CO2 21.0% O2) were applied, and EM and HFE were examined. IVP...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Broiler; Carbon dioxide; Egg weight; Incubation; Oxygen.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2019000300310

CO2, CH4 and N2O fluxes in an Ultisol treated with sewage sludge and cultivated with castor bean
Provedor de dados: 90
Autores: Chiaradia,Jonas Jacob; Chiba,Marcio Koiti; Andrade,Cristiano Alberto de; Carmo,Janaína Braga do; Oliveira,Claudeir de; Lavorenti,Arquimedes.
Organic residue application into soil alter the emission of gases to atmosphere and CO2, CH4, N2O may contribute to increase the greenhouse effect. This experiment was carried out in a restoration area on a dystrophic Ultisol (PVAd) to quantify greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from soil under castor bean cultivation, treated with sewage sludge (SS) or mineral fertilizer. The following treatments were tested: control without N; FertMin = mineral fertilizer; SS5 = 5 t ha-1 SS (37.5 kg ha-1 N); SS10 = 10 t ha-1 SS (75 kg ha-1 N); and SS20 = 20 t ha-1 SS (150 kg ha-1 N). The amount of sludge was based on the recommended rate of N for castor bean (75 kg ha-1), the N level of SS and the mineralization fraction of N from SS. Soil gas emission was measured for 21...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Residue; Nitrogen; Carbon dioxide; Nitrous oxide; Methane.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832009000600035

Energetic cost of digging behavior in workers of the leaf-cutting ant Atta sexdens (Fabricius)
Provedor de dados: 92
Autores: Camargo,Roberto da Silva; Lopes,Juliane F. S.; Forti,Luiz Carlos.
Energetic cost of digging behavior in workers of the leaf-cutting ant Atta sexdens (Fabricius). During nest excavation, leaf-cutting ant workers undergo reduction in their body reserve, particularly carbohydrates. In order to estimate the energetic cost of digging, groups of 30 workers of the leaf-cutting ant Atta sexdens were sealed in a hermetic chamber for 24, 48 and 72 hours, with and without soil for digging, and had the CO2 concentration measured using respirometric chambers as well as volume of soil excavated (g). As expected, the worker groups that carried out soil excavation expelled more carbon dioxide than the groups that did not excavate. Therefore, a worker with body mass of 9.65 ± 1.50 mg dug in average 0.85 ± 0.27 g of soil for 24 hours,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Attini; Carbon dioxide; Insecta; Formicidae; Nest.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0085-56262013000400009

Water acidification causes death of marine ornamental fish (Perciformes: Pomacentridae) during transport: contributing to the conservation of wild populations
Provedor de dados: 103
Autores: Sampaio,Flavia D.F.; Silva-de-Assis,Helena C.; Bettim,Franciele L.; Fávaro,Luís F.; Freire,Carolina A.
ABSTRACT Pomacentridae is a common family in the aquarium fish trade. Most species are harvested from nature. Here we evaluate the following water parameters in the pomacentrid sergeant major, Abudefduf saxatilis (Linnaeus, 1758), to assess their stress level during a 24, 48, and 72 hours transport: dissolved oxygen (DO), total ammonia, and pH. In addition, we evaluated the following physiological parameters: plasma osmolality, muscle water content, blood glucose, and the enzyme activities of the branchial carbonic anhydrase (CA), the hepatic glutathione S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The mortality of fish measuring &gt;6 cm total length was 22%, while no mortality was observed for fish measuring &lt;6 cm. The pH of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ammonia; Aquarium trade; Carbon dioxide; Fish conservation; PH.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-46702019000100306

Effect of calcium propionate and monensin on in vitro digestibility and gas production
Provedor de dados: 96
Autores: Osorio-Teran,Amada Isabel; Mendoza-Martínez,Germán David; Miranda-Romero,Luis Alberto; Martínez-Gomez,Daniel; Hernández-García,Pedro Abel; Martínez-García,José Antonio.
ABSTRACT An evaluation of the effects of monensin and calcium propionate on the in vitro kinetics of gas production, digestibility, carbon dioxide, and minor gas production on different days was performed using the ruminal fluid from eight Suffolk lamb donors, after receiving additives for 1, 10, and 20 days. Treatments consisted of a control ration of 40% grain; 30 mg/kg of monensin in a diet with 40% grain; 10 g/kg calcium propionate in a diet with 30% grain; and the combination of both additives in a diet with 30% grain. The gas production was measured up to 72 h of incubation and all incubation procedures were repeated three times on days 1, 10, and 20. On incubation day 20, the volume and production of methane and minor gases were measured. There was...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Additive feeding; Carbon dioxide; Ionophore; Methane; Rumen fermentation.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982017000400348

Productive and morphogenetic responses of buffel grass at different air temperatures and CO2 concentrations
Provedor de dados: 96
Autores: Santos,Roberta Machado; Voltolini,Tadeu Vinhas; Angelotti,Francislene; Aidar,Saulo de Tarso; Chaves,Agnaldo Rodrigues de Melo.
The objective of the present trial was to evaluate the productive and morphogenetic characteristics of buffel grass subjected to different air temperatures and CO2 concentrations. Three cultivars of buffel grass (Biloela, Aridus and West Australian) were compared. Cultivars were grown in growth chambers at three temperatures (day/night): 26/20, 29/23, and 32/26 °C, combined with two concentrations of CO2: 370 and 550 µmol mol-1. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a 3 × 3 × 2 factorial arrangement with three replications. There were interactions between buffel grass cultivars and air temperatures on leaf elongation rate (LER), leaf appearance rate (LAR), leaf lifespan (LL) and senescence rate (SR), whereas cultivars vs. carbon dioxide...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Carbon dioxide; Cenchrus ciliaris; Climate change.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982014000800404

Potential and existing mechanisms of enteric methane production in ruminants
Provedor de dados: 63
Autores: Qiao,Junyi; Tan,Zhiliang; Wang,Min.
Enteric methane (CH4) emissions in ruminants have attracted considerable attention due to their impact on greenhouse gases and the contribution of agricultural practices to global warming. Over the last two decades, a number of approaches have been adopted to mitigate CH4 emissions. However, the mechanisms of methanogenesis have still not been fully defined. According to the genome sequences of M. ruminantium in the rumen and of M. AbM4 in the abomasum, the pathways of carbon dioxide (CO2) reduction and formate oxidation to CH4 have now been authenticated in ruminants. Furthermore, in the light of species or genera description of methanogens, the precursors of methanogenesis discovered in the rumen and research advances in related subjects, pathways of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Methanogenesis; Carbon dioxide; Formate; Acetate; Methanol.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162014000500013

Soil and crop residue CO2-C emission under tillage systems in sugarcane-producing areas of southern Brazil
Provedor de dados: 63
Autores: Teixeira,Luís Gustavo; Corradi,Mariana Marotti; Fukuda,Adrian; Panosso,Alan Rodrigo; Reicosky,Donald; Lopes,Afonso; La Scala Jr.,Newton.
Appropriate management of agricultural crop residues could result in increases on soil organic carbon (SOC) and help to mitigate gas effect. To distinguish the contributions of SOC and sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) residues to the short-term CO2-C loss, we studied the influence of several tillage systems: heavy offset disk harrow (HO), chisel plow (CP), rotary tiller (RT), and sugarcane mill tiller (SM) in 2008, and CP, RT, SM, moldboard (MP), and subsoiler (SUB) in 2009, with and without sugarcane residues relative to no-till (NT) in the sugarcane producing region of Brazil. Soil CO2-C emissions were measured daily for two weeks after tillage using portable soil respiration systems. Daily CO2-C emissions declined after tillage regardless of tillage system....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Soil respiration; Carbon dioxide; Emission after tillage; Soil organic carbon.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162013000500007

Carbon sequestration and greenhouse gases emissions in soil under sewage sludge residual effects
Provedor de dados: 63
Autores: Pitombo,Leonardo Machado; Carmo,Janaina Braga do; Maria,Isabela Clerici de; Andrade,Cristiano Alberto de.
The large volume of sewage sludge (SS) generated with high carbon (C) and nutrient content suggests that its agricultural use may represent an important alternative to soil carbon sequestration and provides a potential substitute for synthetic fertilizers. However, emissions of CH4 and N2O could neutralize benefits with increases in soil C or saving fertilizer production because these gases have a Global Warming Potential (GWP) 25 and 298 times greater than CO2, respectively. Thus, this study aimed to determine C and N content as well as greenhouse gases (GHG) fluxes from soils historically amended with SS. Sewage sludge was applied between 2001 and 2007, and maize (Zea mays L.) was sowed in every year between 2001 and 2009. We evaluated three treatments:...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Biosolid; Nitrogen; Carbon dioxide; Methane; Nitrous oxide.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162015000200147

Elevated atmospheric CO2 increases Eucalyptus urophylla S. T. Blake stem diameter by stimulating cell proliferation and reducing lignin deposition
Provedor de dados: 39
Autores: Innocente,Patricia Sitta; Teixeira,Simone Pádua; Balbuena,Tiago Santana.
ABSTRACT In 2019, the atmospheric CO2 concentration exceeded the 415 ppm milestone for the first time in the human history. According to projections of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), CO2 levels will continue to rise in the future, potentially affecting all living organisms. Plants with C3 metabolism may benefit from rising CO2 levels because the significant losses of photosynthesis, driven by photorespiration could be diminished under this scenario. This study addressed the anatomical changes in the stems of young Eucalyptus urophylla plants induced through cultivation in elevated CO2 (eCO2). Plants cultivated under eCO2 showed increased stem diameter (i.e., radial width of the secondary xylem, secondary phloem and cortex tissues)....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Carbon dioxide; Climate change; Eucalyptus; Lignin; Plant stress; Stem anatomy.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33062020000300589

Produção de pimenta tabasco com aplicação de CO2, utilizando-se irrigação por gotejamento - doi: 10.4025/actasciagron.v33i1.5374
Provedor de dados: 1
Autores: Paula, Fabiana Luiza Matielo de; Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz; Frizzone, José Antônio; USP-ESALQ, Piracicaba; Paula, Adalberto Luiz de; Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de queiroz; Dias, Carlos Tadeu dos Santos; Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de queiroz; Soares, Tales Miler; Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia.
A aplicação de CO2 via água de irrigação produz o rebaixamento do pH da solução do solo, causando variações na mobilidade dos nutrientes e consequentes efeitos na absorção. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar os efeitos de doses de dióxido de carbono (CO2), aplicadas via irrigação por gotejamento, na produção da pimenta Tabasco. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos casualizados com quatro tratamentos e oito repetições. Os tratamentos foram quatro doses de CO2: 0 (T1), 451,95 (T2); 677,93 (T3) e 903,92 (T4) kg ha-1. Os frutos foram pesados e contados; o comprimento e o diâmetro de frutos foram obtidos com a média de 20 frutos por planta. Ocorreu efeito quadrático (p &lt; 0,01) para as doses de CO2 sobre a produção e o efeito quadrático (p &lt;...
Palavras-chave: Capsicum frutescens L.; Dióxido de carbono; Irrigação por gotejamento Capsicum frutescens L.; Carbon dioxide; Drip irrigation.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAgron/article/view/5374

Energy use and CO2 emissions of sweet potato production in Tarlac, Philippines
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Flores, Edgar Dulay; Dela Cruz, Renita SM.; R. Antolin, Ma. Cecilia.
In this study, the energy use and carbon dioxide (CO2) emission of sweet potato production in Tarlac, Philippines were evaluated. Data were collected from 180 farmers using structured survey questionnaires and face to face interview. Accordingly, the total input and output energy of sweet potato production was 29326.78 and 53885.90 MJ ha-1, respectively. Chemical fertilizers and diesel fuel provided the biggest portion of the total energy consumption in sweet potato production. The energy use efficiency, specific energy and energy productivity was 1.84, 1.95 MJ kg-1 and 0.51 kg MJ-1. Indirect and non-renewable forms of energy dominated the share of the total input energy. The total GHG emission of sweet potato production was 1432.18 kg CO2eq ha-1 (0.095 kg...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Bioprocess Engineering; Energy and Environmental Engineering sweet potato; Energy; Greenhouse gases; Carbon dioxide.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/3461

Emission Characteristics of a Compression Ignition Engine Running Castor Biodiesel as a Blending Agent
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Busari, Raheed Amao; Olaoye, Joshua Olanrewaju.
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of castor biodiesel and its blends on the emission characteristics of a compression ignition engine. The research work was carried out on a single cylinder, four-stroke, water cooled, direct injection diesel engine by using biodiesel made from castor oil, compared with conventional diesel. The fuels used in the analyses are B5, B10, B15, B20, B25, B50, B100 and convectional diesel. The compression ignition engine was operated by varying the loading conditions (0 – 6kW) in a step of 1kW. Based on the parameters measured, detailed analyses were carried out on five regulated exhaust emissions i.e. NOX, CO, CO2, O2, and HC. The results clearly indicated that the engine running with biodiesel and their...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Compression ignition engine; Castor biodiesel; Nitrogen oxides; Carbon dioxide; Oxygen and Carbon monoxide.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/5598

Carbon dioxide/methanol conversion cycle based on cascade enzymatic reactions supported on superparamagnetic nanoparticles
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: MARQUES NETTO,CATERINA G.C.; ANDRADE,LEANDRO H.; TOMA,HENRIQUE E.
ABSTRACT The conversion of carbon dioxide into important industrial feedstock is a subject of growing interest in modern society. A possible way to achieve this goal is by carrying out the CO2/methanol cascade reaction, allowing the recycle of CO2 using either chemical catalysts or enzymes. Efficient and selective reactions can be performed by enzymes; however, due to their low stability, immobilization protocols are required to improve their performance. The cascade reaction to reduce carbon dioxide into methanol has been explored by the authors, using, sequentially, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), formaldehyde dehydrogenase (FalDH), and formate dehydrogenase (FDH), powered by NAD+/NADH and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) as the co-enzyme regenerating system....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Carbon dioxide; Enzyme cascade-reaction; Methanol production; Superparamagnetic nanoparticles; Enzymatic catalysis.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652018000200593

Effect of Carbon dioxide (CO2) on mortality and reproduction of Anagasta kuehniella (Zeller 1879), in mass rearing, aiming at the production of Trichogramma spp.
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: COELHO JUNIOR,ALOISIO; PARRA,JOSE R.P.
Eggs of Anagasta kuehniella (Zeller 1879) are widely used for mass rearing of Trichogramma spp. and other parasitoids and predators, largely commercialized in many countries. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of carbon dioxide (CO2) originated from larval metabolism on the biological parameters of A. kuehniella. For that purpose, we assess the production of carbon dioxide (CO2) per rearing tray of A. kuehniella and the effect of CO2 on the viability of egg-to-adult period and oviposition of A. kuehniella. Results allow to estimate that a rearing tray, containing 10,000 larvae between the 4th and 5th instars, produces an average of 30.67 mL of CO2 per hour. The highest egg production of A. kuehniella was obtained when the larvae were kept in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Mass rearing; Factitious host; Abiotic factor; Carbon dioxide.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652013000200823

Nutrient budgets (C, N and P) and trophic dynamicsof a Brazilian tropical estuary: Barra das Jangadas
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: Noriega,Carlos E. D; Araujo,Moacyr.
This paper focuses on the nutrient dynamics of a tropical estuary on the northeastern Brazilian coast, studied using the LOICZ biogeochemical budgeting protocol. We describe the methodology and assumptions underlying this model. Input data (monthly for rainfall, evaporation, river discharge, and concentrations of salt, phosphorus and nitrogen) were obtained during field campaigns in the Barra das Jangadas Estuary (BJE) over a 5 years period (1999 to 2003). Mass balance results indicate large inputs of nutrients to the system. The model shows that the seasonal variation of the Net Ecosystem Metabolism (NEM) indicates that the system passes from a stage of organic matter liquid production and mineralization during the dry season (-0.5 mmoles C m-2 d-1) to...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Brazil; Barra das Jangadas Estuary; Seasonal variations; Heterotrophy; Autotrophy; Carbon dioxide.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652011000200007

Effects of bicarbonate buffer on acetylcholine-, adenosine 5´triphosphate-, and cyanide-induced responses in the cat petrosal ganglion in vitro
Provedor de dados: 48
Autores: SOTO,CAROLINA R; ARROYO,JORGE; ALCAYAGA,JULIO.
Acetylcholine (ACh), adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) and sodium cyanide (NaCN) activate petrosal ganglion (PG) neurons in vitro, and evoke ventilatory reflexes in situ, which are abolished after bilateral chemosensory denervation. Because in our previous experiments we superfused the isolated PG with solutions free of CO2 /HCO3¯ buffer, we studied its effects on the PG responses evoked in vitro. PGs from adult cats were superfused at a constant pH, with HEPES-supplemented (5 mM) saline with or without CO2 /HCO3¯ (5% / 26.2 mM) buffer, and carotid (sinus) nerve frequency discharge (ƒCN) recorded. Increases in ƒCN evoked by ACh, ATP and NaCN in CO2-free saline were significantly reduced (P&lt;0.05, Wilcoxon test) when CO2 / HCO3¯ was present in the...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Petrosal Ganglion; Carotid sinus nerve; Carbon dioxide; Bicarbonate; Acetylcholine; Adenosine 5'- triphosphate; Cyanide.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602002000300010

Storability of ‘Tupy’ and ‘Guarani’ blackberries in controlled atmosphere
Provedor de dados: 53
Autores: Brackmann,Auri; Anese,Rogerio de Oliveira; Thewes,Fabio Rodrigo; Fronza,Diniz; Hamann,Jonas Janner.
ABSTRACT The aim of this work was to compare the storage potential of ‘Guarani’ and ‘Tupy’ blackberries in controlled atmosphere (CA) and thereafter to determinate the best CA storage conditions for ‘Tupy’ blackberries. Two experiments were carried out. In the first one, ‘Guarani’ and ‘Tupy’ blackberries were stored in CA condition (10 kPa O2 + 15 kPa CO2). We found that ‘Tupy’ blackberry has the best storage potential. Therefore, in the second experiment, several CA conditions were evaluated for ‘Tupy’ blackberries storage, as follows: [1] cold storage (CS): 20.9 kPa O2 + 0.04 kPa CO2; [2] CA with 10 kPa O2 + 15 kPa CO2; [3] CA with 5 kPa O2 + 15 kPa CO2; [4] CA with 10 kPa O2 + 10 kPa CO2. All treatments were stored at 1 °C and 98% (± 1) of relative...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Rubus spp.; Oxygen; Carbon dioxide; Conservation; Small fruit.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0006-87052016000200240

Spatial variability of soil CO2 emission in different topographic positions
Provedor de dados: 53
Autores: Brito,Liziane de Figueiredo; Marques Júnior,José; Pereira,Gener Tadeu; La Scala Junior,Newton.
The spatial variability of soil CO2 emission is controlled by several properties related to the production and transport of CO2 inside the soil. Considering that soil properties are also influenced by topography, the objective of this work was to investigate the spatial variability of soil CO2 emission in three different topographic positions in an area cultivated with sugarcane, just after mechanical harvest. One location was selected on a concave-shaped form and two others on linear-shaped form (in back-slope and foot-slope). Three grids were installed, one in each location, containing 69 points and measuring 90 x 90 m each. The spatial variability of soil CO2 emission was characterized by means of semivariance. Spatial variability models derived from...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Sugarcane; Carbon dioxide; Geostatistics; Kriging; Soil respiration; Topography.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0006-87052010000500004

Plant cells in the context of climate change
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Machado,Marcelo Rubens.
Global warming and its origins triggered the beginning to considerable discussion in the last century. Studies of climate models presented in multidisciplinary scientific reports suggest that anthropogenic activities, particularly the emission of gases from the greenhouse effect, are greatly responsible for the current climate changes. The increase of carbon dioxide (CO2) atmospheric concentration has been in discussion in the news, scientific meetings and in public policy debates in several countries. Apart from its impact on global warming, the rising atmospheric CO2 has alerted the scientific community to the need to investigate any morpho-physiological alterations in the plants, given their direct influence on photosynthesis. This article aims to...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Carbon dioxide; Global warming; Stomata; Climate change biology; Plant cell; Waxes.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132014000100018

Efficacy of modified atmosphere packaging to control Sitophilus spp. in organic maize grain
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Carli,Marcelo De; Bresolin,Bruna; Noreña,Caciano Pelayo Zapata; Lorini,Irineu; Brandelli,Adriano.
The effect of modified atmosphere packaging on the mortality of Sitophilus spp. in organic maize grain was studied. Maize grains were packed with five different atmospheres consisting of 20% O2, or 20, 40, 60, 80% CO2 with remaining N2. The packages were stored for 30 days at 26°C. CO2 and O2 concentrations were monitored inside the packages during the storage. The moisture content, titratable acidity and pH were analysed on the first and thirtieth day. At 5, 15 and 30 days of storage no significant differences were observed in the percentages of dead insects when CO2 was used. The results of progeny indicated that from the fifth day the number of emerging insects was low at 20, 60 and 80% CO2. Complete inhibition of the insects was achieved with 30 days...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Carbon dioxide; Modified atmosphere; Insect mortality.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132010000600024

Evaluation of CO2 Biofixation and Biodiesel Production by Spirulina (Arthospira) Cultivated In Air-Lift Photobioreactor
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Morais,Etiele Greque de; Cassuriaga,Ana Paula Aguiar; Callejas,Nicolás; Martinez,Natalia; Vieitez,Ignacio; Jachmanián,Iván; Santos,Lucielen Oliveira; Morais,Michele Greque de; Costa,Jorge Alberto Vieira.
ABSTRACT Spirulina is a microalgal genre that has the capacity to produce various bioproducts with applications in several areas including the energy sector. The study aimed to assess the ability of CO2 biofixation, biodiesel and other biocompounds production by Spirulina sp LEB 18 cultured in air-lift photobioreactor. The microalgae presented a rich macronutrient composition: protein (47.3%), carbohydrates (13.4%) and a high lipid content (32.7%) in a media with nitrogen reduction, CO2 using air-lift photobiorector. Furthermore, 160 mg.L.d-1 of CO2 was biofixed, generating a maximum biomass yield of 0.02 g.L.d-1. The lipids evaluated for biodiesel production presented a theoretical yield of 19.8% for in situ transesterification and 47.9% for conventional...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Biofuels; Carbon dioxide; Microalgae; Photobiorefinary; Biocompounds.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132018000100703

Greenhouse Gas (CO2 AND N2O) Emissions from Soils: A Review
Provedor de dados: 117
Autores: Muñoz,Cristina; Paulino,Leandro; Monreal,Carlos; Zagal,Erick.
In agricultural activities, the main greenhouse gases (GHG) are those related to C and N global cycles. The impact of agriculture on GHG emissions has become a key issue, especially when considering that natural C and N cycles are influenced by agricultural development. This review focuses on CO2 and N2O soil emissions in terrestrial ecosystems, with emphasis in Chilean and similar agro-ecosystems around the world. The influence of land use and crop management practices on CO2 and N2O emissions is analyzed; some mitigation measures to reduce such emissions are also discussed here. More knowledge on the biological processes that promote of GHG emissions from soil will allow creating opportunities for agricultural development under friendly-environmental...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Global warming; Carbon dioxide; Nitrous oxide; Soil biological processes; Soil organic carbon; Nitrification; Denitrification.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392010000300016

Venous hemogasometry and blood electrolytes in Mangalarga Marchador mares submitted to aerobic training
Provedor de dados: 64
Autores: Garcia,Tiago Resende; Rezende,Adalgiza Souza Carneiro de; Santiago,Juliano Martins; Almeida,Fernando Queiroz de; Fonseca,Mayara Gonçalves; Munõz,Ana.
The Mangalarga Marchador (MM) breed, valued for its marcha pace, has been excelling in functional activities such as marcha course. Considering the lack of information about sports physiology of the marcha horses, the development of training protocols and physical testing becomes essential and, in this context, the concentrations of blood gases and electrolytes provide additional information for the monitoring of metabolic changes induced by exercise. The goal of the study was to assess the hemogasometric responses and blood electrolyte concentration in MM mares during maximal effort treadmill tests carried out before and after training (trial 1) and between a maximal effort treadmill test and an incremental field test (trial 2). The trials assessed plasma...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Equine; Bicarbonate; Carbon dioxide; Oxygen.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-70542013000600009