Consulta: subjectFacets:"Conflict"
Registros recuperados: 33
Data/hora: 13/06/2024 20:02:18

National REDD+ policy networks: from cooperation to conflict
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Brockhaus, Maria; Center for International Forestry Research; m.brockhaus@cgiar.org; Di Gregorio, Monica; University of Leeds, Sustainability Research Institute; m.digregorio@leeds.ac.uk.
Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+) is a financial mechanism aimed at providing incentives to reduce carbon emissions from forests and enhance carbon stocks. In most forest-rich developing countries, policy actors, i.e., state and nonstate as well as international and national, are designing national REDD+ policies. Actors&amp;#8217; interests and beliefs shape patterns of interactions, ranging from cooperation to conflict, and these interactions influence a country&amp;#8217;s direction and progress in REDD+ policy formulation and implementation. We used a comparative policy network approach to analyze the power structures in national REDD+ policy domains in seven countries. We drew on the typology of power structures...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Comparative analysis; Conflict; Cooperation; Policy networks; Power; REDD+; Social network analysis.
Ano: 2014

Social capital, conflict, and adaptive collaborative governance: exploring the dialectic
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: McDougall, Cynthia; Knowledge, Technology, and Innovation Group (KTI), Department of Social Sciences, Wageningen University; c.mcdougall@cgiar.org; Banjade, Mani Ram; Center for International Forestry Research, Bogor, Indonesia; m.banjade@cgiar.org.
Previously lineal and centralized natural resource management and development paradigms have shifted toward the recognition of complexity and dynamism of social-ecological systems, and toward more adaptive, decentralized, and collaborative models. However, certain messy and surprising dynamics remain under-recognized, including the inherent interplay between conflict, social capital, and governance.  In this study we consider the dynamic intersections of these three often (seemingly) disparate phenomena. In particular, we consider the changes in social capital and conflict that accompanied a transition by local groups toward adaptive collaborative governance. The findings are drawn from multiyear research into community forestry in Nepal using comparative...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptive collaborative governance; Community forestry; Conflict; Equity; Livelihoods; Nepal; Participatory action research; Social capital.
Ano: 2015

Competing Claims on Natural Resources: What Role for Science?
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Giller, Ken E.; Wageningen University; ken.giller@wur.nl; Leeuwis, Cees; Wageningen University; cees.leeuwis@wur.nl; Andersson, Jens A.; Wageningen University; University of the Witwatersrand; jens.andersson@wur.nl; Andriesse, Wim; Wageningen University;; Brouwer, Arie; Wageningen University;; Frost, Peter; University of Zimbabwe;; Hebinck, Paul; Wageningen University;; van Ittersum, Martin K.; Wageningen University;; Koning, Niek; ;; Ruben, Ruerd; ;; Slingerland, Maja; Wageningen University;; Udo, Henk; Wageningen University;; Veldkamp, Tom; Wageningen University; Tom.Veldkamp@wur.nl; van de Vijver, Claudius; Wageningen University;; van Wijk, Mark T.; Wageningen University;; Windmeijer, Pieter; Wageningen University;.
Competing claims on natural resources become increasingly acute, with the poor being most vulnerable to adverse outcomes of such competition. A major challenge for science and policy is to progress from facilitating univocal use to guiding stakeholders in dealing with potentially conflicting uses of natural resources. The development of novel, more equitable, management options that reduce rural poverty is key to achieving sustainable use of natural resources and the resolution of conflicts over them. Here, we describe an interdisciplinary and interactive approach for: (i) the understanding of competing claims and stakeholder objectives; (ii) the identification of alternative resource use options, and (iii) the scientific support to negotiation processes...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Agricultural science; Conflict; Ecology; Level; Methodology; Natural resource management; Scale; Social science; Sustainable agriculture.
Ano: 2008

Conceptual Models for Ecosystem Management through the Participation of Local Social Actors: the R&amp;iacute;o Cruces Wetland Conflict
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Delgado, Luisa E.; Universidad de Chile ; ldelgado@antar.uchile.cl; Bachmann, Pamela L; Universidad de Chile;; Torres-Gomez, Marcela; Universidad de Chile;.
In 2004, the emigration and death of black-necked swans (Cygnus melancoryphus) from the R&amp;#237;o Cruces wetland (Valdivia, Chile) triggered one of the largest ecosocial conflicts in Chilean history. The main local social actors of this still unsolved conflict are the Chilean government, a pulp-mill company, and a local nongovernmental organization. The central issues of the conflict are disagreement over the reason for the swans&amp;#8217; migration, the need to restore the black-necked swan population in the wetland, and the relationship between economic development and wetland conservation. We applied a physical, ecological, and social system approach to generate conceptual or qualitative ecosystem models representing the perceptions of all social...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Cygnus melancoryphus; Black-necked swans; Conceptual ecosystem models; Conflict; Social actors; Wetlands.
Ano: 2009

Co-engineering Participatory Water Management Processes: Theory and Insights from Australian and Bulgarian Interventions
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Daniell, Katherine A.; Centre for Policy Innovation, The Australian National University ; katherine.daniell@anu.edu.au; White, Ian; The Fenner School of Environment and Society, The Australian National University; ian.white@anu.edu.au; Ribarova, Irina S.; University of Architecture, Civil Engineering and Geodesy; ribarova_fhe@uacg.bg; Coad, Peter; Hornsby Shire Council; PCoad@hornsby.nsw.gov.au; Rougier, Jean-Emmanuel; Lisode; Jean-Emmanuel.Rougier@lisode.com; Hare, Matthew; UN-Water Decade Programme on Capacity Development (UNW-DPC), United Nations University; hare@unwater.unu.edu; Jones, Natalie A.; School of Natural and Rural Systems Management, University of Queensland; natalie.a.j@gmail.com; Popova, Albena; University of Architecture, Civil Engineering and Geodesy; albena_krasimirova@abv.bg; Perez, Pascal; College of Asia and the Pacific, The Australian National University; Marine and Atmospheric Research Division, Australian Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) ; pascal.perez@anu.edu.au; Burn, Stewart; Land and Water, Australian Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization  (CSIRO) ; Stewart.Burn@csiro.au.
Broad-scale, multi-governance level, participatory water management processes intended to aid collective decision making and learning are rarely initiated, designed, implemented, and managed by one person. These processes mostly emerge from some form of collective planning and organization activities because of the stakes, time, and budgets involved in their implementation. Despite the potential importance of these collective processes for managing complex water-related social&amp;#8211;ecological systems, little research focusing on the project teams that design and organize participatory water management processes has ever been undertaken. We have begun to fill this gap by introducing and outlining the concept of a co-engineering process and examining...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Co-engineering; Conflict; Multiple objectives; Negotiation; Participatory process; Planning; Water management.
Ano: 2010

Power and Conflict in Adaptive Management: Analyzing the Discourse of Riparian Management on Public Lands
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Arnold, Jennifer S; School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Florida; jsarnold@ufl.edu; Koro-Ljungberg, Mirka; School of Human Development and Organizational Studies, University of Florida ; mirka@ufl.edu; Bartels, Wendy-Lin; Florida Climate Institute, University of Florida; wendylin@ufl.edu.
Adaptive collaborative management emphasizes stakeholder engagement as a crucial component of resilient social-ecological systems. Collaboration among diverse stakeholders is expected to enhance learning, build social legitimacy for decision making, and establish relationships that support learning and adaptation in the long term. However, simply bringing together diverse stakeholders does not guarantee productive engagement. Using critical discourse analysis, we examined how diverse stakeholders negotiated knowledge and power in a workshop designed to inform adaptive management of riparian livestock grazing on a National Forest in the southwestern USA. Publicly recognized as a successful component of a larger collaborative effort, we found that the...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Collaboration; Conflict; Critical discourse analysis; Dialogue; Facilitation; Livestock grazing; Public participation; Riparian management  social learning  stakeholder engagement.
Ano: 2012

Linking Future Ecosystem Services and Future Human Well-being
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Butler, Colin D; Australian National University; colin.butler@anu.edu.au; Oluoch-Kosura, Willis; University of Nairobi; Willis.Kosura@aercafrica.org.
Ecosystem services are necessary, yet not sufficient for human well-being (however defined). Insufficient access to the ecosystem provisioning service of food is a particularly important factor in the loss of human well-being, but all ecosystem services contribute in some way to well-being. Although perhaps long obvious to ecologists, the links between ecosystems and aspects of human well-being, including health, have been less well understood among the social science community. This situation may now be starting to change, thanks in part to the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA). Causality between ecosystem services and well-being is bidirectional; it is increasingly clear that functioning societies can protect or enhance ecosystem services, and...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Cognitive potential; Conflict; Ecosystems; Health; Human well-being; Hunger; Nutrition; Scenarios; Surprise.
Ano: 2006

Trade-offs in ecosystem services and varying stakeholder preferences: evaluating conflicts, obstacles, and opportunities
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: King, Elizabeth; Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia; Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia; egking@uga.edu; Cavender-Bares, Jeannine; Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota; Institute on Environment, University of Minnesota; cavender@umn.edu; Polasky, Stephen; Department of Applied Economics, University of Minnesota; Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota; Institute on Environment, University of Minnesota; polasky@umn.edu.
In efforts to increase human well-being while maintaining the natural systems and processes upon which we depend, navigating the trade-offs that can arise between different ecosystem services is a profound challenge.  We evaluated a recently developed simple analytic framework for assessing ecosystem service trade-offs, which characterizes such trade-offs in terms of their underlying biophysical constraints as well as divergences in stakeholders&amp;#8217; values for the services in question. Through a workshop and subsequent discussions, we identified four different types of challenging situations under which the framework allows important insights to clarify the nature of stakeholder conflicts, obstacles to promoting more sustainable outcomes, and...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Biophysical constraint; Conflict; Ecosystem service; Human values; Participatory tool; Production possibility frontier; Sustainability; Trade-off; Utility.
Ano: 2015

Supporting the Constructive Use of Existing Hydrological Models in Participatory Settings: a Set of &amp;#8220;Rules of the Game&amp;#8221;
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Bots, Pieter W. G.; Delft University of Technology; Cemagref; p.w.g.bots@tudelft.nl; Bijlsma, Rianne; Deltares; r.m.bijlsma@utwente.nl; von Korff, Yorck; Lisode; yorck.von-korff@lisode.com; Van der Fluit, Nicolien; Buro Natuur+Water; info@buronatuurpluswater.nl; Wolters, Henk; Deltares; henk.wolters@deltares.nl.
When hydrological models are used in support of water management decisions, stakeholders often contest these models because they perceive certain aspects to be inadequately addressed. A strongly contested model may be abandoned completely, even when stakeholders could potentially agree on the validity of part of the information it can produce. The development of a new model is costly, and the results may be contested again. We consider how existing hydrological models can be used in a policy process so as to benefit from both hydrological knowledge and the perspectives and local knowledge of stakeholders. We define a code of conduct as a set of &amp;#8220;rules of the game&amp;#8221; that we base on a case study of developing a water management plan for a...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Case study; Conflict; Hydrological model; Institutions; Netherlands; Participation; Policy process; Water management.
Ano: 2011

DIMENSIONS OF CONFLICT AND THE ROLE OF FOREIGN AID IN FIJI
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gounder,   Rukmani.
As diversity is the strength for economic growth quality domestic institutions and good governance are some of the essential factors to achieve sustainable growth and maintain social stability and harmony. Therefore, necessary social, economic, political and institutional dynamics contribute to higher growth prospects and mitigate conflict in a multi-cultural society. Since the 1987 military coups some of the issues that have confronted the people of Fiji, and others, co-integrate with ethnicity, political instability, conflict and governance. This article links these issues and evaluates the characteristics and factors associated with the dimensions of conflict. In particular, the study highlights the nature and impact of conflict on the civil society and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Conflict; Aid; Donor Approaches; Fiji; International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23699

Policies, legislation and organizations related to water in South Africa, with special reference to the Olifants River Basin.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Thompson,   Hubert; Stimie,   Chris M.; Richters,   E.; Perret,   Sylvain R.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Water resource management; River basins; Water use; Organizations; Institutions; Mapping; Government; Political aspects; Ethnology; Social status; Water policy; Water law; Land tenure; Water supply; Sanitation; Water users; Land use; Conflict; Private sector; Non-governmental organizations; Local government; Water users' associations; Catchment areas; Monitoring; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; Political Economy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92770

Legal Pluralism and Dynamic Property Rights
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Meinzen-Dick,   Ruth Suseela; Pradhan,   Rajendra.
Conventional conceptions of property rights focus on static definitions of property rights, usually as defined in statutory law. However, in practice there is co-existence and interaction between multiple legal orders such as state, customary, religious, project and local laws, all of which provide bases for claiming property rights. Legal anthropological approaches that recognize this legal pluralism are helpful in understanding this complexity. Individuals may choose one or another of these legal frameworks as the basis for their claims on a resource, in a process referred to as “forum shopping.” Legal pluralism can create uncertainty especially in times of conflict because any individual is unlikely to have knowledge of all types of law that might be...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Property rights; Legal pluralism; Conflict; Law uncertainty; Natural resource management; Water; Water rights; Tenure; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55442

Integrated management of water, forest and land resources in Nepal: Opportunities for improved livelihood
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pant,   Dhruba; Thapa,   Sabita; Singh,   Ashok; Bhattarai,   Madhusudan; Molden,   David J.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Irrigation management; Forest management; Public policy; Land use; Land tenure; Farm size; Environmental effects; Gender; Women; Equity; Institutions; Conflict; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; Public Economics.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92405

A Global Hunger Index: Measurement Concept, Ranking of Countries, and Trends
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wiesmann,   Doris M.
Progress in combating hunger and undernutrition has been lagging for decades. Best practices to fight hunger and undernutrition have been available for a long while, but lack of political will among leaders and a lack of political power among the poor have hampered their implementation. Since indices have proven to be powerful tools for advocacy and are able to capture multifaceted phenomena, the Global Hunger Index (GHI) was developed to increase attention to the hunger problem and mobilize the political will to speed up urgently needed progress in the fight against hunger. The GHI captures three dimensions of hunger: insufficient availability of food, shortfalls in the nutritional status of children, and child mortality, which is to a large extent...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Hunger; Undernutrition; Child malnutrition; Child mortality; Food availability; Indicators; HIV/AIDS; Conflict; War; Developing countries; Countries in transition; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55891

Inadequacies in the water reforms in the Kyrgyz Republic: an institutional analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ul Hassan,   Mehmood; Starkloff,   Ralf; Nizamedinkhodjayeva,   Nargiza.
This report analyzes the evolving water-management institutions and their performance of five core water management functions, in the context of the ongoing economic and agrarian reform in the Kyrgyz Republic. These core water-management functions are, operation of water systems, maintenance, resource mobilization, conflict resolution and organizational management. The report also identifies key issues and challenges that constrain effective stakeholder participation in water-resources management.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Water resource management; Analysis; Irrigation management; Participatory management; Water users’ associations; Research methods; Agrarian reform; Irrigation programs; Operations; Maintenance; Conflict; Rivers; Kyrgyzstan; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53066

Integrated development and management of water resources for productive and equitable use in the Indrawati River Basin, Nepal
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bhattarai,   Madhusudan; Pant,   Dhruba; Mishra,   V.S.; Devkota,   Hari; Pun,   Shuku; Kayastha,   R.N.; Molden,   David J.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: River basin development; Water transfer; Water rights; Water supply; Water demand; Water balance; Environmental effects; Social aspects; Development projects; Non-governmental organizations; Villages; Water users associations; Conflict; Farmers; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92699

Productivity of water in agriculture: Farmers’ perceptions and practices
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mahoo,   Henry F.; Mkoga,   Zakaria Juma; Kasele,   Sydney Stephen; Igbadur,   Henry E.; Hatibu,   Nuhu; Rao,   Karuturi P.C.; Lankford,   Bruce A.
Stakeholders in agriculture and water related issues have different perceptions about the productivity of water. This is evident by the different definitions of productivity of water, though most of the definitions hinge around the benefits accrued from water use. The viewpoint of smallholder farmers’ regarding the productivity of water is important in order to promote the concept of productivity of water in a country like Tanzania. This is because 95 percent of the farmers are smallholders. This paper presents the farmers’ understanding of the productivity of water in the Mkoji sub-catchment (MSC) in the Ruaha River Basin in Tanzania. It also presents their practices aimed at increasing the productivity of water in the area. It reveals that the concept of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: River basins; Catchment areas; Water productivity; Farmers; Stakeholders; Conflict; Farming systems; Villages; Irrigation methods; Domestic water; Households; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Production Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91903

The Role of Customary Institutions in Managing Conflict on Grazing Land: A Study from Mieso District, Eastern Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Beyene,   Fekadu.
This paper examines interethnic conflict on grazing land previously accessed as common property.   The study was undertaken in Mieso District of eastern Ethiopia where two ethnic groups experience different production systems – pastoral and agropastoral. Game theoretic approach and analytic narratives have been used as analytical tools. Results show that the historical change in land use by one of the ethnic groups, resource scarcity, violation of customary norms, power asymmetry and livestock raids are some of the factors that have contributed to the recurrence of the conflict. The role of raids in triggering conflict and restricting access to grazing area becomes particularly important. Socio-economic and political factors are responsible for power...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Property rights; Conflict; Grazing land; Power asymmetry; Access rights; Customary institutions; Mieso; Ethiopia; Africa; Land Economics/Use; O17; Z13; Q15.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7703

Capacity building for participatory irrigation management in Sindh Province of Pakistan.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Memon,   Yameen; Talpur,   Mustafa; Murray-Rust,   Hammond.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: River basins; Institutions; Organizations; Private sector; Public sector; Local government; Mapping; Water resource management; Water policy; Legislation; Rural women; Constraints; Groundwater; Surface water; Water quality; Water use; Water users; Dams; Reservoirs; Large-scale systems; Irrigation management; Industrialization; Case studies; Operations; Maintenance; Canals; Conflict; Farmer-agency interactions; Policy; Water supply; Rural development; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Farm Management; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92769

Rent Seekers in Rentier States: When Greed Brings Peace
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bjorvatn,   Kjetil; Naghavi,   Alireza.
Are natural resources a source of conflict or stability? Empirical studies demonstrate that rents from natural resources, and in particular oil, are an important source of civil war. Allegedly, resource rents attract rent seekers, which destabilize society. However, there is a large literature on how so-called rentier states manage to pacify opposition groups by handing out special favors. The present paper attempts to bridge the gap between the rent-seeking view of resource rents as a source of conflict and the rentier state view which emphasizes the role of resource rents in promoting peace and stability, and show how one may lead to the other. The mechanism that we highlight relies on the notion that higher rents may activate more interest groups in a...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Rent Seeking; Rentier States; Resource Rents; Conflict; Patronage Employment; International Development; D74; Q34.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60687

Conflict, Food Price Shocks, and Food Insecurity: The experience of Afghan households
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: D'Souza,   Anna; Jolliffe,   Dean.
Revised version submitted December 2012.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Afghanistan; Food security; Conflict; Nutrition; Poverty; Spatial distribution; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; D12; I3.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123323

Intersectoral management of river basins; Proceedings of an International Workshop on "Integrated Water Management in Water-Stressed River Basins in Developing Countries: Strategies for Poverty Alleviation and Agricultural Growth," Loskop Dam, South Africa, 16-21 October 2000
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Water management; River basins; Watercourses; Poverty; Agricultural development; Developing countries; Water policy; Water use efficiency; Political aspects; Water allocation; User charges; Privatization; Water users' associations; Water scarcity; Investment; Financing; Institutional constraints; Water law; Gender; Social aspects; Conflict; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Food Security and Poverty; Political Economy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118386

Group Bargaining and Conflict
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Querou,   Nicolas.
We consider a situation where groups negotiate over the allocation of a surplus (which is used to fund group specific goods). Each group is composed of agents who have differing valuations for public goods. Members choose a representative to take decisions on their behalf. Specifically, representatives can decide to enter either a (cooperative) negotiation protocol or a conflict to appropriate the surplus. In the cooperative negotiations, disagreement corresponds to a pro rata allocation (as a function of the size of the groups). We analyse the conditions (on the internal composition of the groups) under which conflict will be preferred to negotiated agreements (and vice versa), and we derive welfare implications. Finally, we provide results of comparative...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Bargaining; Conflict; Agency Problem; Environmental Economics and Policy; C78; D74; J52.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96841

Environmental payments in conflicting situations between nature provision and cost minimization: a political economy approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nuppenau,   Ernst-August.
We will analyze a newly emerging conflict within the second pillar of the rural development policy of the EU: a conflict between those farmers, who want to participate in high nature value agriculture, and farmers, who feel negatively impacted by supporting nature provision. We see a link through competition for land between nature provision in agriculture and cost minimal production of commercial farmers. The idea is to model this conflict using a political bargain approach and make a contribution on how to solve the conflict by innovative institutional arrangements. The power of groups will be analyzed and what governments can do.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Conflict; Political economy; Nature provision; Community/Rural/Urban Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95313

Unmaking the Commons: Collective Action, Property Rights, and Resource Appropriation among (Agro-) Pastoralists in Eastern Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Beyene,   Fekadu; Korf,   Benedikt.
In Ethiopian development policies, pastoralist areas have recently attracted more attention. However, much debate and policy advice is still based on assumptions that see a sedentary lifestyle as the desirable development outcome for pastoralist communities. This paper investigates current practices of collective action and how these are affected by changing property rights in the pastoralist and agro– pastoralist economies of three selected sites in eastern Ethiopia. We describe forms of collective action in water and pasture resource management and analyze how changing property rights regimes affect incentives for collective action. We illustrate the distributional effects these practices are having on (agro–) pastoralist communities and how these...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Pastoralism; Collective action; Property rights; Conflict; Ethiopia; Water management; Rangelands management; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44361

Institutions for integrated water-resources management in river basins: An analytical framework.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kurian,   Mathew.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Water resource management; River basins; Crop production; Institution building; Conflict; Irrigation management; Crop Production/Industries; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92522

Strategic analysis of water institutions in India: Application of a new research paradigm
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Saleth,   Rathinasamy Maria.
The overall objective of this paper is to outline the analytical framework and theoretical approach underlying a new research paradigm and illustrate how this paradigm can be used for the strategic analysis of water institutions by applying it to the Indian context.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Water management; Irrigation management; Institutions; Water law; Water rights; Water policy; Cost recovery; Price policy; Private sector; Public sector; Privatization; Financing; Conflict; Groundwater; Water market; Farmers’ associations; Water users’ associations; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44545

Conflict, Food Insecurity, and Globalization
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Messer,   Ellen; Cohen,   Marc J.
We explore how globalization, broadly conceived to include international human-rights norms, humanitarianism, and alternative trade, might influence peaceful and food-secure outlooks and outcomes. The paper draws on our previous work on conflict as a cause and effect of hunger and also looks at agricultural exports as war commodities. We review studies on the relationships between (1) conflict and food insecurity, (2) conflict and globalization, and (3) globalization and food insecurity. Next, we analyze country-level, historical contexts where export crops, such as coffee and cotton, have been implicated in triggering and perpetuating conflict. These cases suggest that it is not export cropping per se, but production and trade structures and food and...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Hunger; Conflict; War; Globalization; Export cropping; Coffee; Cotton; Sugar; Human-rights; Right-to-food; Fair trade; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55898

Conflicts, Rural Development and Food Security in West Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Flores,   Margarita.
This paper examines food security in the context of conflict in West Africa. The analysis developed in the paper recognises the importance of defining conflict type and the trends in conflict so that conflict and post-conflict policies may be implemented. The relationship between food security and conflict is analysed. Whilst conflict exacerbates food security, food insecurity can itself fuel conflict. Strategies designed to assist in post-war rehabilitation need to address key dimensions of food security: availability, access and stability. It is argued in this paper, that consideration of these three dimensions are necessary joint conditions in moving towards a reduction in the numbers of hungry. The cases of Sierra Leone and Liberia are examined to...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: West Africa; Conflict; Food Security; Crisis; Hunger; Food Security and Poverty; N47; N57; O13; O18.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23811

Ethnic Diversity and Ethnic Strife: An Interdisciplinary Perspective
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kanbur,   Ravi; Rajaram,   Prem Kumar; Varshney,   Ashutosh.
The objective of this paper is to present an overview of ethnicity, ethnic strife and its consequences, as seen from the perspective of the disciplines of economics, political science, social anthropology and sociology. What exactly is ethnicity--how is it to be defined, characterized and measured? What exactly are the causal links from ethnicity so defined to its presumed consequences, including tension and violence? What are the feedback loops from the consequences of ethnic divisions back to these divisions themselves? How can policy, if at all, mitigate ethnic divisions and ethnic conflict? Finally, what role does interdisciplinarity have in helping to understand ethnicity and ethnic strife, and how can interdisciplinary collaboration be enhanced?...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Ethnicity; Conflict; Interdisciplinary Approaches; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57039

Managing water for the poor; Proceedings of the Regional Workshop on Pro-Poor Intervention Strategies in Irrigation Agriculture in Asia - Bangladesh, China, India, Indonesia, Pakistan and Vietnam, Colombo, 9-10 August 2001
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Water management; Irrigated farming; Surface irrigation; Large-scale systems; Poverty; Irrigation programs; Rural development; Participatory management; Conflict; Water users' associations; Farmer-agency interactions; Financing; Policy; Water rates; Pricing; Water scarcity; Rice; Irrigation scheduling; Water delivery; Case studies; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Food Security and Poverty; Public Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118412

Institutional constraints to conjunctive water management in the Rechna Doab.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jehangir,   Waqar Ahmed; Horinkova,   Vilma.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Water management; Conjunctive use; Groundwater; Surface water; River basins; Institutional development; Organizations; Water law; Legislation; Irrigation scheduling; Conflict; Institutional constraints; Organizational change; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92705

Locally managed irrigation systems: essential tasks and implications for assistance, management transfer and turnover programs
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yoder,   Robert.
This monograph examines the construction, operation and maintenance tasks that shape the nature of locally managed irrigation systems. The objective of the book is to identify relevant experiences and lessons for staff who are responsible for working with locally managed systems in three types of programs: direct assistance to existing locally managed irrigation systems, turnover of public owned systems to local management, and transfer of partial management to farmer groups within larger systems that remain publicly controlled.
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Irrigation management; Irrigation systems; Irrigation scheduling; Privatization; Farmer participation; Water management; Water rights; Water allocation; Resource management; Organizational dynamics; Conflict; Communication; Training; Farm Management; Institutional and Behavioral Economics.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114044