Consulta: subjectFacets:"Contracting"
Registros recuperados: 30
Data/hora: 12/06/2024 13:20:38

Food Processors’ Use of Contracts to Purchase Agricultural Inputs: Evidence from a Pennsylvania Survey
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jaenicke,   Edward C.; Shields,   Martin; Kelsey,   Timothy W.
Using data from a survey of Pennsylvania food processors, we investigate what firm-level characteristics make a processor more or less likely to buy agricultural inputs and ingredients though contracts. We find that over 20 percent of Pennsylvania processors use contracts, and over 44 percent of agricultural inputs (based on value) are purchased under contract. We also analyze the two related questions of what firm attributes, attitudes, or other factors make a firm more likely to use contracts at all, and what factors lead a processor who does contract to use them more intensively.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Contracting; Food processors; Logit; Sample selection; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44698

Contracting for Environmental Property Rights: The Case of Vittel
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Depres,   Christophe; Grolleau,   Gilles; Mzoughi,   Naoufel.
Based on an authentic case of contracting for environmental property rights, our paper shows several implications of applying the Coase’s propositions. The case study adds empirical content to basic transaction costs concepts by analyzing the design and implementation of a contractual arrangement between a pollutee –a bottler of mineral water Vittel– and several polluting farmers. We analyze the bargaining between land and water rights owners and the bottler Vittel to determine how transaction cost issues (valuation disputes, bi-lateral monopoly conditions, and third-party effects) were overcome and how they succeeded in contracting for environmental property rights. We provide several comparisons of the Vittel case with other similar cases, leading to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Case study; Contracting; Environmental property rights; Environmental-related transactions; Private arrangement; Vittel; Environmental Economics and Policy; H23; K23; Q15; Q25.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24729

Business Organization and Coordination in Marketing Specialty Hogs: A Comparative Analysis of Two Firms from Iowa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hueth,   Brent; Ibarburu,   Maro A.; Kliebenstein,   James B.
We study business organization and coordination of specialty-market hog production using a comparative analysis of two Iowa pork niche-marketing firms. We describe and analyze each firm's management of five key organizational challenges: planning and logistics, quality assurance, process verification and management of "credence attributes," business structure, and profit sharing. Although each firm is engaged in essentially the same activity, there are substantial differences across the two firms in the way production and marketing are coordinated. These differences are partly explained by the relative size and age of each firm, thus highlighting the importance of organizational evolution in agricultural markets, but are also partly the result of a formal...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Specialty hogs; Coordination; Contracting; Organizational design; Niche markets; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18340

An Evaluation of U.S. Hog Producer Preferences Toward Autonomy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gillespie,   Jeffrey M.; Davis,   Christopher G.; Rahelizatovo,   Noro C.
Hog farmers’ preferences for autonomy are assessed through the use of eight questions dealing with their preferences for general decision making and with respect to specific management actions.  Farmers generally preferred to make a higher percentage of the decisions about their operations, especially older producers and those who operated farrowing units.  Farmers who placed lower values on autonomy finished hogs, were nearing retirement, valued social relationships with other farmers more highly, had higher off-farm income, or were larger farmers.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Autonomy; Contracting; Pork production; Utility; Q12; L14; D21.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43449

Industrialization and Contracting in U.S. Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ahearn,   Mary Clare; Korb,   Penelope J.; Banker,   David E.
This paper examines the industrialization process of U.S. agriculture by examining the trends in the number of farms, the concentration of production during the last decade, and the dynamics of farm survivability, entry, and exit underlying aggregate statistics.  We next examine vertical coordination as part of the industrialization process and highlight contracting in the poultry industry.  The analysis provides evidence that production is continuing to be concentrated on a smaller number of farms at a relatively rapid rate, in spite of the stability in the number of farms.  Although contracting clearly dominates the broiler industry, it is less prevalent in egg and turkey production, where other forms of vertical coordination are likely established.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Broilers; Contracting; Eggs; Industrialization; Poultry; Structural change; Turkeys; Vertical integration; D23; D40; L11; L14 L22; L23; Q12.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43511

America's Diverse Family Farms 2007 Edition
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hoppe,   Robert A.; Banker,   David E.; Korb,   Penelope J.; O'Donoghue,   Erik J.; MacDonald,   James M.
American farms encompass a wide range of sizes, ownership structures, and business types, but most farms are still family farms. Family farms account for 98 percent of farms and 85 percent of production. Although most farms are small and own most of the farmland, production has shifted to very large farms. Farms with sales of $1 million or more make up less than 2 percent of all farms, but they account for 48 percent of farm product sales. Most of these million-dollar farms are family farms. Because small-farm households rely on off-farm work for most of their income, general economic policies, such as tax or economic development policy, can be as important to them as traditional farm policy.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Family farms; Farm program payments; Farm production; Farm household income; Commodity payments; Direct payments; Government payments; Agricultural Resource Management Survey; Contracting; ERS; USDA; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59029

Analysis of the Constraints to the Development of a Domestic Improved Seed Potato Industry in Mali
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Diallo,   Marthe.
This paper outlines proposed research, using concepts of New Institutional Economics, to identify the factors constraining the emergence of a market for domestically produced improved seed potatoes in Mali.  It uses the Principal –Agent model to outline how to investigate the feasibility of developing a domestic seed potato industry in Mali by applying the concepts of efficient contract designs and other institutional arrangements. This research will contribute to the literature on: (a) contract and institutional design in the context of asymmetric information and uncertainty typical of agricultural markets in low-income countries and (b) design of improved seed production systems, particularly for clonal crops, in developing countries. The Malian potato...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Principal-agent model; Seed systems; Mali; Agricultural technology development; Input markets; Contracting; Potatoes; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; D82; L14; Q13; Q16.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50351

Efficiency and Distribution in Contract Farming: The Case of Indian Poultry Growers
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ramaswami,   Bharat; Birthal,   Pratap Singh; Joshi,   P.K.
This paper is an empirical analysis of the gains from contract farming in the case of poultry production in the state of Andhra Pradesh in India. The paper finds that contract production is more efficient than noncontract production. The efficiency surplus is largely appropriated by the processor. Despite this, contract growers still gain appreciably from contracting in terms of lower risk and higher expected returns. Improved technology and production practices as well as the way in which the processor selects growers are what make these outcomes possible. In terms of observed and unobserved characteristics, contract growers have relatively poor prospects as independent growers. With contract production, these growers achieve incomes comparable to that of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Contract Farming; Contracting; Poultry; Vertical Integration; Farm Management; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58573

Optimal Incentives Under Moral Hazard and Heterogeneous Agents: Evidence from Production Contracts Data
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dubois,   Pierre; Vukina,   Tomislav.
In this paper we develop an analytical framework for the estimation of the structural model parameters of an incentive contract under moral hazard with heterogeneous agents. Using micro level data on swine production contract settlements, we confirm that contract farmers are heterogenous with respect to their risk aversion and that this heterogeneity affects the principal's allocation of production inputs across farmers. Assuming that contracts are optimal, we obtain estimates of a lower and an upper bound of agents' reservation utilities. We show that farmers with higher risk aversion have lower outside opportunities and hence lower reservation utilities.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Contracting; Heterogenous agents; Moral hazard; Livestock Production/Industries; Production Economics; D82; L24; Q12; K32; L51.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24645

PRODUCT DIFFERENTIATION AND SEGREGATION IN AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS: NON-GENETICALLY MODIFIED AND SPECIALTY CORN AND SOYBEAN CROPS IN IOWA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Miranowski,   John A.; Jensen,   Helen H.; Batres-Marquez,   S. Patricia; Ishdorj,   Ariun.
An important dimension of product differentiation and segregation for specialty crops is the added handling and transaction costs incurred. Some forms of business organization may realize lower costs of providing such services, and if specialty crop production is growing relative to commodity production, these two factors may have implications for industry structure. We use data from an Iowa grain handling survey to test hypotheses developed in the non-empirical transaction-costs literature with respect to organizational and financial governance of cooperatives and private and corporate firms. Preliminary results are discussed with respect to business organizations, added costs, investments, crops, and contracting.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Contracting; Cooperatives; Corporations; Grain handling; Industry structure; Segregation; Specialty crops; Transaction costs; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18323

Agricultural Organization in an Era of Traceability
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sykuta,   Michael E.
From production to retail, information systems have become increasingly important in the agrifood system.  Retailers use information systems to improve inventory management and increase efficiency in production and logistics.  Innovations in agribiotechnology and food safety issues highlighted by incidences related to Starlink corn and “mad cow disease” have raised consumer concerns about their food products.  In addition to food safety concerns, consumers are increasingly willing to pay premiums for nonobservable quality characteristics in their food products.  This paper outlines a framework for evaluating the implications of traceability for the organization of the agricultural system and highlights potential organizational responses to traceability...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agrifood system; Contracting; Organizational economics; Traceability; L14; L22; L23; Q13.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43512

Contracting for Canola in the Great Plains States
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wilson,   William W.; Dahl,   Bruce L.
Canola has become an important crop in the last decade in the U.S. Production of canola is risky and competes with other crops which have a range of risk reduction mechanisms. Alternative contracting strategies were evaluated by comparing returns to labor and management for growers and gross margins for processors. Alternative contracting strategies included no contract, fixed price with and without act of god provisions, and an oil premium contract. Grower returns and processor gross margins were simulated and resulting distributions were evaluated using stochastic efficiency with respect to a function. We estimated certainty equivalents and ranked contract preferences for both growers and processors by region in North Dakota. Grower and processor risk...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Canola; Grower; Processor; Contracting; Risk; Stochastic Efficiency (SERF).; Agricultural Finance; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95751

Contracting arrangements in agribusiness procurement practices in South Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Vermeulen,   Hester; Kirsten,   Johann F.; Sartorius,   Kurt.
Contracting arrangements in agribusiness procurement practices in South Africa
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Procurement; Contracting; Agro-processing.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37585

Structure and Finances of U.S. Farms:  Family Farm Report, 2007 Edition
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hoppe,   Robert A.; Korb,   Penelope J.; O'Donoghue,   Erik J.; Banker,   David E.
U.S. farms are diverse, ranging from small retirement and residential farms to enterprises with annual sales in the millions. Nevertheless, most U.S. farms—98 percent in 2004—are family farms. Even the largest farms tend to be family farms. Large-scale family farms and nonfamily farms account for 10 percent of U.S farms, but 75 percent of the value of production. In contrast, small family farms make up most of the U.S. farm count, produce a modest share of farm output, and receive substantial off-farm income. Many farm households have a large net worth, reflecting the land-intensive nature of farming.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Contracting; Family farms; Farm businesses; Farm financial performance; Farm-operator household income; Farm operators; Farm structure; Farm type; Million-dollar farms; Small farms; ERS; USDA; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59032

Agricultural Contracting Update, 2005
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: MacDonald,   James M.; Korb,   Penelope J.
More than half of all transactions for U.S. agricultural products are still conducted through spot market exchanges, in which commodities are bought and sold in open market transactions for immediate delivery. But a growing share of U.S. farm production is produced and sold under agricultural contracts. Such contracts between farmers and their buyers are reached prior to harvest (or before the completion stage for livestock) and govern the terms under which products are transferred from the farm. The shift of production to contracting coincides with shifts of production to larger farms. Contracts are far more likely to be used on large farms than on small ones. Marketing and production contracts covered 41 percent of the value of U.S. agricultural...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Production contracts; Marketing contracts; Farm structure; Farm size; Contracting; Agricultural Resource Management Survey; ARMS; Risk analysis; Marketing; Production Economics; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58639

Broiler Farms' Organization, Management, and Performance
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Perry,   Janet E.; Banker,   David E.; Green,   Robert C.
This study provides a comprehensive view of the organization, management, and financial performance of U.S. broiler farms. Using data from USDA's Agricultural Resource Management Study (ARMS, formerly known as the Farm Costs and Returns Survey), we examine farm size, financial structure, household income, management practices, and spousal participation in decision-making. We compare broiler operations with other farming enterprises and their earnings with that of the average U.S. household. Because most of the 7 billion broilers produced in the United States in 1995 were raised under contract, we also explore the use of contracts and the effects of contracting on the broiler sector.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Contracting; Broilers; Poultry; Farm characteristics; Farm income; Farm operator characteristics; Risk management strategies; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33739

Agricultural Contracting Update:  Contracts in 2003
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: MacDonald,   James M.; Korb,   Penelope J.
Marketing and production contracts covered 39 percent of the value of U.S. agricultural production in 2003, up from 36 percent in 2001 and a substantial increase over estimated values of 28 percent for 1991 and 11 percent in 1969. Large farms are far more likely to contract than small farms; in fact, contracts cover over half of the value of production from farms with at least $1 million in sales. Although use of both production and marketing contracts has grown over time, growth is more rapid for production contracts, which are largely used for livestock.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Contracts; Contracting; Marketing contracts; Production contracts; Vertical integration; Vertical coordination; Market structure; Risk analysis; Price signals; Industrial Organization; Marketing.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33903

Agricultural Contracting Update:  Contracts in 2008
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: MacDonald,   James M.; Korb,   Penelope J.
Marketing and production contracts covered 39 percent of the value of U.S. agricultural production in 2008, up from 36 percent in 2001, and a substantial increase over 28 percent in 1991 and 11 percent in 1969. However, aggregate contract use has stabilized in recent years and no longer suggests a strong trend. Contracts between farmers and their buyers are reached prior to harvest (or before the completion stage for livestock)and govern the terms under which products are transferred from the farm. Contracts are far more likely to be used on large farms than on small farms, and they form one element in a package of risk management tools available to farmers. Production contracts are used widely in livestock production, while marketing contracts are...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Production contracts; Marketing contracts; Farm structure; Farm size; Farm income; Contracting; Agricultural Resource Management Survey; ARMS; Risk analysis; Agribusiness; Farm Management; Livestock Production/Industries; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/101279

CONTRACTING STRATEGIES FOR EU TRACEABILITY REQUIREMENTS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wilson,   William W.; Dahl,   Bruce L.
A principal-agent problem was specified to define the equilibrium solution of a contracting strategy for a U.S. supplier exporting wheat to meet EU traceability requirements.  The buyer (principal) offers a contract, the supplier (agent) accepts the contract, and then the supplier decides whether to offer a contract to the farmer.  Nature at each level of the supply chain represents uncertainty due to adventitious commingling and imperfect information.  Results indicate farmers would require 9 c/bu and suppliers 8 c/bu to induce their participation in the contracting strategy.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Traceability; Principal-Agent; Contracting; Genetically Modified; Wheat; European Union; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23535

Technology Adoption, Management Practices, and Financial Performance of New and Beginning Farmers: Evidence from a National Survey
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mishra,   Ashok K.; Wilson,   Christine A.; Williams,   Robert P.
More than 50 percent of current farmers are over age 55, and the number of new farmers replacing them has fallen.  This paper examines factors that contribute to the financial performance of new and beginning farmers in the U.S.  A weighted regression analysis was used on data from the 2005 Agricultural Resource Management Survey (ARMS) to measure new and beginning farmers’ financial performance given farm and operator characteristics, production and marketing, and risk management strategies. Particular attention was given to the impact of technology adoption and management strategy on financial performance.  Results indicate the adoption of Genetically Modified (GM) crops, having a written business plan, controlling variable costs, participation in...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Financial performance; Technology adoption; Genetically Modified (GM) crops; Business plan; New and beginning farmers; Contracting; Coupled farm program payments; Farm Management; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9982

Investment, and Contract Hold-Ups in Transition: Evidence from Hungary
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gow,   Hamish R.; Swinnen,   Johan F.M.
This paper analyses empirically the effect of "hold-ups" on capital investment in farms using a sample of 318 Hungarian enterprises, surveyed over 1997. A negative relationship arises between capital investment and the incidence of hold-up behaviour. This relationship is affected by farm's wealth and liquidity position, the quality of legal enforcement of contracts, by whether farms have contracted sales to foreign processors, and whether they are established as successors to pre-reform organisations rather than start-up businesses.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Contracting; Hold-ups; Firm investment; Transition; Agricultural Finance.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24853

Structure and Finances of U.S. Farms:  2005 Family Farm Report
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hoppe,   Robert A.; Banker,   David E.
Most farms in the United States—98 percent in 2003—are family farms. They are organized as proprietorships, partnerships, or family corporations. Even the largest farms tend to be family farms, although they are more likely to have more than one operator. Very large family farms and nonfamily farms account for a small share of farms but a large—and growing—share of farm sales. Small family farms account for most of the farms in the United States but produce a modest share of farm output. Median income for farm households is 10 percent greater than the median for all U.S. households, and small-farm households receive substantial off-farm income. Many farm households have a large net worth, reflecting the land-intensive nature of farming.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Resource Management Survey (ARMS); Family farms; Farm businesses; Farm financial performance; Farm-operator household income; Farm operators; Farm structure; Farm type; Multiple-operator farms; Multiple-generation farms; Small farms; Contracting; Farm Management.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59404

The Legal Environment Facing Economic Agents in Production
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hipp,   Janie S.; Francis,   Harriet F.
Agriculture has seen a steady movement toward the increased use of contracts.  Agricultural contracts now guide the interrelationships of parties throughout the modern production system, extending well beyond the livestock sector.  With this predominance come new issues that require us to reexamine contract theory and the roles of the parties.  This review examines legislation, regulations, and recent court rulings in seemingly unrelated areas that have specific relationships to the development of contracts in production agriculture: environmental law and labor law.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Contracting; Environment; Labor; Law; Liability; Relationships; Risk; D23; D86; K12; K31; K32.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43508

CONTRACTING IN AGRICULTURE: A PRIMER FOR FARM LENDERS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hudson,   Darren.
Contracting in agriculture has increased over the past several decades. This activity has heightened concerns about  concentration, market power, and farmer welfare. The purpose of this paper is to describe some of the underlying motivations for contracting and to highlight some of the trade-offs made when making contracting decisions. These illustrations are intended to inform readers of the economic conditions for contracting, not provide empirical evidence of their implications, costs, or benefits.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Contracting; Asset specificity; Transaction costs; Farm Management.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15789

Vertical Restraints and Horizontal Control
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hamilton,   Stephen F.; Innes,   Robert.
This paper considers vertical restraints in a multi-market retail setting in which each retailer sells the complete line of manufactured goods.  Vertical restraints by one manufacturer on the retailers of its product serve as an instrument to exert horizontal control over the retail price of a rival manufactured good.  Applications are developed for supermarket retailing, where the manufacturer of a national brand sold at both supermarkets can employ vertical restraints to control the pricing of the retailer’'s competing private labels, and for the personal computer industry, where the manufacturer of an essential computer component can use vertical restraints to control the pricing of complementary components bundled with the essential component by...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Contracting; Vertical restraints; Monopolization.; Marketing; L13; L14; L42; D43.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21424

Markets, Contracts, or Integration? The Adoption, Diffusion, and Evolution of Organizational Form
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sykuta,   Michael E.; Klein,   Peter G.; James,   Harvey S., Jr.
The rise of contract farming and vertical integration is one of the most important changes in modern agriculture. Yet the adoption and diffusion of these new forms of organization has varied widely across regions, commodities, or farm types, however. Transaction cost theories and the like are not fully effective at explaining the variation of adoption rates of different organizational forms, in part because of their inherent static nature. In order to explain the adoption, diffusion and evolution of organizational form, a more dynamic framework is required. This paper lays out such a framework for understanding the evolution of organizational practices in U.S. agriculture by drawing on existing theories of economic organization, the diffusion of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Contracting; Vertical integration; Organizational innovation; Diffusion; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; L14; L22; Q13; O33.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19390

Can supply chain's coordination mechanisms include small holders? Insight from an empirical work in Costa Rica.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Faure,   Guy; D'Hotel,   Elodie Maitre; le Coq,   Jean-Francois; Saenz,   Fernando.
Small holders' agriculture is currently facing new stakes due to State's withdrawal from agricultural support and to higher market requests for producing agricultural products. Different coordination mechanisms can be observed inside the supply chains involving farmers, farmers' organizations, and others stakeholders. They depend on the nature of the product, the characteristics of the stakeholders involved, the technical specifications related to the transactions, and the institutional environment. Relying on a comparative case study methodology, the paper analyzes the consequences of different coordination mechanisms on inclusion or exclusion of small farmers in the northern region of Costa Rica. Market coordination could be an efficient way to integrate...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Supply chain; Small holders; Farmers; Contracting; Coordination; Costa Rica; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7943

Million-Dollar Farms in the New Century
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hoppe,   Robert A.; Korb,   Penelope J.; Banker,   David E.
Million-dollar farms—those with annual sales of at least $1 million—accounted for about half of U.S. farm sales in 2002, up from a fourth in 1982 (with sales measured in constant 2002 dollars). By 2006, million-dollar farms, accounting for 2 percent of all U.S. farms, dominated U.S. production of high-value crops, milk, hogs, poultry, and beef. The shift to million-dollar farms is likely to continue because they tend to be more profitable than smaller farms, giving them a competitive advantage. Most million-dollar farms (84 percent) are family farms, that is, the farm operator and relatives of the operator own the business. The million-dollar farms organized as nonfamily corporations tend to have no more than 10 stockholders.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Contracting; Family farms; Farm businesses; Farm financial performance; Farm-operator household income; Farm operators; Farm structure; Farm type; Million-dollar farms; Farm Management.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58623

The Organizational Evolution of Markets for Wood Products in the Southern United States
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dunn,   Michael A.; Barnes,   James N.
This paper represents the first case study attempt to develop a transaction cost conceptual model to describe industry evolution of the paper and lumber industries in the Southern United States around the late 1800s and early 1900s. We use transaction cost theory to explain the co-evolution of markets for wood products noting that variation in the level and type of investments made in physical and human capital assets needed to manage paper and lumber miller operations had a significant influence on the use of wood dealer systems compared to more vertically organized business arrangements. We identify some testable hypotheses and areas of future research.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Industry Evolution; Contracting; Property Rights; Vertical Integration; Forest Products; Industrial Organization; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; L14; L24; L73; J24.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6746

Forage Outsourcing in the Dairy Sector: The Extent of Use and Impact on Farm Profitability
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gillespie,   Jeffrey M.; Nehring,   Richard F.; Sandretto,   Carmen L.; Hallahan,   Charles B.
The extent of forage purchasing behavior in milk production and its impact on profitability are analyzed using data from the 2000 and 2005 dairy versions of the Agricultural Resource Management Survey. Forage outsourcing is more common with hay than with silage and haylage, and is more prevalent in the western United States. Though silage and haylage outsourcing is found to impact profitability, the major profitability drivers appear to be farm size and efficiency. Evidence of significant forage contracting is found in the western United States.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Forage; Input purchasing; Outsourcing; Contracting; Milk production; Farm Management; Industrial Organization; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95591