Consulta: subjectFacets:"Crassostrea gigas"
Registros recuperados: 858
Data/hora: 11/06/2024 14:32:09

Итоги изучения фауны симбионтов промысловых черноморских двустворчатых моллюсков
Provedor de dados: 13
Autores: Холодковская, Е. В.
Для Mytilus galloprovincialis, Ostrea edulis и Crassostrea gigas у черноморских берегов России, Украины, Румынии и Болгарии приведен список видов симбионтов и их ареалы. Установлено, что характер распространения симбионтов определяется экологическим типом биоты. Приведены новые данные по морфометрии трематоды Parvatrema duboisi и инфузорий Raabella helensis и Crebricoma carinata
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: Симбионты; Паразиты; Mytilus galloprovincialis; Ostrea edulis; Crassostrea gigas; Черное море; Parasites; Symbionts; The Black Sea Symbionts Parasites Symbionts Parasites http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7562 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5574.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://repository.ibss.org.ua/dspace/handle/99011/488

Suivi de la reproduction de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas dans la partie nord du bassin charentais
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Arnaud, Christophe; Fillon, Alain.
The Charente-Maritime coast has, on its northern part, between the Charente estuary and the northern boundary of the department (Isle of Ré included), many sites which interest the oyster culture industry, especially as far as juvenile collection is concerned. The well-known centre of Fouras is one of them. To help the professionals, and for its own purposes, the Ifremer studies the periods of emission of cupped oyster larvae in order to let the oyster farmers know about the best collection times. Contractualized for the first time in 1996 between the SRC FIE-Centre Ouest and the Ifremer, this work has been carried out again in 1997 by the DEL coastal laboratory of La Rochelle, following the renewal of this contract. This report presents the different...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Captage; Marennes Oléron; Crassostrea gigas; Larves; Reproduction.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1998/rapport-6568.PDF

Mortalité estivale de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas dans le bassin de Marennes-Oléron
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Couty, Angélique.
The Japan oyster: Crassostrea gigas have been imported on the french coasts in the seventies and from this time it adapted to this environment. Since, it became the main oyster producted in France. But ,since twenty years C. gigas presents an anormaly and important mortality eah year in the period of summer. The syndrome known as summer mortality, appears particulary in mid-june. This mortality can affected 50% of the culture. Many studies have brought elements in the comprehension of the condition of apparition of this mortalilities. Temperature seems to play an important rule with reproductive maturation. But also, the deep ofwater could be associated to this mass mortality. The study began in march 2003 and characterize more precisely the summer...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Mortalité estivale; Croissance; Maturation; Environnement; Crassostrea gigas; Summer mortality; Growth; Maturation; Environment.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00306/41767/40980.pdf

Amelioration de la forme et de la qualite de l'huitre Crassostrea gigas Thunberg dans les claires de Marennes-Oleron.
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc; Zanette, Yvan; Heral, Maurice; Masse, Henri; Garnier, Jacqueline.
The breeding of Pacific oysters Crassostra gigas, in non tidal ponds, before commercialization, brings about an improvement of the shell and of the quantity and quality of the tissues. In fact, the Berthome's indice (1978) moves from 1.36 in June to 0.68 December, and the density of the shell increases in the same time from 1.79 to 1.98. On the other hand, the percentage of tissues in the oyster is 12.4% at the end of gametogenesis and more than 9% at the end of breeding. The dry tissues are composed of 10.3 of ash, 40.3% of proteins, 12.6% of lipids and 9% of carbohydrate. 95% of the carbohydrate are glycogen. The resulting energetic values are measured to 5.10 cal-mg super(-1) of dry tissues ash free.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Tissues; Biochemical composition; Shells; Growth; Oyster culture.
Ano: 1981
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1981/publication-1892.pdf

Paralytic shellfish poison accumulation yields and feeding time activity in the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) and king scallop (Pecten maximus)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bougrier, Serge; Lassus, Patrick; Bardouil, Michele; Masselin, Pierre; Truquet, Philippe.
Pacific oysters and king scallops placed individually in a recirculating flume were fed for 2 weeks with a constant concentration (120 cell ml(-1)) of a toxic strain of Alexandrium minutum. Fluorescence at the outlet of each experimental unit was measured continuously, and biodeposits were recovered twice daily to evaluate feeding time activity (FTA) and rates of organic filtration (OFR), ingestion (OIR) and organic absorption (OAR). Ion-pairing high performance liquid chromatography (IP-HPLC) was performed concurrently to quantify paralytic phycotoxins both (i) individually in shellfish at the end of the contamination period and (ii) in A. minutum cultures to estimate cellular toxin concentration. These data allowed comparison of the actual tissue toxin...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Alexandrium minutum; Crassostrea gigas; Feeding activity; Paralytic shellfish poisoning.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/publication-576.pdf

Temporal variability in the Pacific oyster spatfall along the French Coast: a new monitoring project
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pouvreau, Stephane; Maurer, Daniele; Auby, Isabelle; Soletchnik, Patrick; Mille, Dominique; Bernard, Ismael; Bedier, Edouard.
In France, spatfall of Pacific Oysters occurs traditionally in two shellfish area of the south west of France: the Marennes-Oléron bay and the Arcachon basin. The spat collected in both sites ensures approx. 70 % of the need of the French oysters production (the other part is produced in hatcheries). But, since ten years, recruitment have become highly variable especially in Arcachon basin. For instance, in this site, spatfall (assessed at the end of the reproductive season) can vary between 50 oysters per collector to more than 20 000 oysters per collector (Figure 1). This huge variation arise questions from oysters producers and the French National Committee for Shellfish Culture want to get some explanations of the phenomenon. It is well known that...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Larvae; Reproduction; Recruitment; Spatfall; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/acte-4543.pdf

Responses and adaptations of the adenylate energy charge and digestive enzyme activities to tidal emersion of Crassostrea gigas populations in Marennes-Oleron Bay
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Moal, Jeanne; Samain, Jean-francois; Le Coz, Jean-rene; Daniel, Jean-yves.
Crassostrea gigas oysters cultivated in Marennes-Oleron Bay (France), face seasonal variations in the environment: salinity, turbidity, phytoplanktonic production, and the tidal rhythm of emersion. The oysters are maintained at different depths to reduce competition for space (e.g. by settlement of mussel spat). The physiological responses of two groups of oysters to different periods of emersion were studied using a seasonal sampling strategy: one group was on a flat part of the area, and the effect of emersion was studied in a short time survey (less than three hours emersion at low tide); the other was located in a very narrow place with a steep slope. This group was subdivided into three, according to bathymetric position, to study the long term effect...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Physiology; Emersion; AEC; Digestive enzimes; Marennes-Oleron Bay.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00038/14885/12208.pdf

Effects of age and environment on the summer mortality in cupped oyster Crassostrea gigas during the first two years
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Degremont, Lionel; Boudry, Pierre; Soletchnik, Patrick; Bedier, Edouard; Ropert, Michel; Samain, Jean-francois.
Three successive generations were produced between 2001 and 2003 to assess to what extent genetic variability exists for survival in juvenile oysters Crassostrea gigas. For each generation, two groups were selected for their high ("R" for resistant) and low ("S" for susceptible) survival. Significant differences in mortality were observed during the first year in Riviere d'Auray (RA) (Brittany-France). However, low and similar mortality were observed for both groups, with no significant difference between groups in the first and second generation in this site, where the first summer is the critical, sensitive period with a clear age effect. In Baie des Veys (BDV) (Normandie-France), where mortalities usually mainly affect adults, mortality between groups,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Spat; Spatial variations; Survival; Rearing; Mollusc culture; Marine molluscs; Environmental factors; Nursery grounds; Mortality causes; Biological age; Aquaculture techniques.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/acte-3385.pdf

Rapport d'activité année 1977 du Laboratoire de Biologie Conchylicole de La Rochelle
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Dardignac, Marie-jose.
Rapport d'activité du Laboratoire de Biologie Conchylicole de La Rochelle concernant l'année 1977
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Conchyliculture; Reproduction; Estimation stocks; Valorisation claires ostréicoles; Parasite; Pathologie; Crassostrea gigas; Mytilus edulis; Pertuis Breton.
Ano: 1977
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00070/18092/15640.pdf

Use of an ecosystem model for the assessment of the influence of cultivated oysters (Crassostrea gigas) on the nitrogen cycling in the Marennes-Oleron Bay
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bacher, Cedric.
A model of the growth of cultivated oyster in the Marennes-Oléron bay was developped to assess the influence of the nutrients input and of the amount of oysters on the growth performance (Railiard. 1991). The ecosystem main characteristics are: - short residence time of the water. - high turbidity level, depending on the season, tidal level, bathymetry, currents and wind. The turbidity acts on the primary production through light limitation and on oyster production as a food dilution factor. - presence of high density cultivated areas on mid-tidal flats. The amount of oysters is ranging between 80 000 and 110 000 tons according to the year. - spatial variability of the biological and physical features. - coupling effects of the physic process (transport,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ecosystem model; Oyster; Crassostrea gigas; Nitrogen cycling; Marennes Oleron Bay; Charente Maritime.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00102/21300/18914.pdf

Rapport annuel d'activité 1981 du Laboratoire Cultures Marines et Aménagement du Littoral de La Tremblade
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Heral, Maurice.
Rapport d'activité du Laboratoire Cultures Marines et Aménagement du Littoral de La Tremblade concernant l'année 1981
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Conchyliculture; Production; Gisement naturel; Estimation stock; Production; Valorisation claires ostréicoles; Culture palourde; Sélection génétique; Crassostrea gigas; Ruditapes decussatus; Ruditapes philippinarum; Marennes Oléron.
Ano: 1981
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00070/18119/15667.pdf

Rapid and sensitive detection of ostreid Herpesvirus 1 in oyster samples by real-time PCR (Poster)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pepin, Jean-francois; Riou, Antoine; Renault, Tristan.
Herpes and herpes-like virus infections have been reported in various marine mollusc species associated with high mortality rates. Following the characterisation and genome sequencing of ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1), specific diagnostic tools have been developed based on conventional PCR techniques or in situ hybridisation. We have now developed a real-time PCR assay for rapid, sensitive and quantitative detection of OsHV-1, and compared it with a conventional PCR technique described previously. The new assay utilised SYBR® Green chemistry with specific primers C9/C10 targeting the C region, which is present in two copies in the OsHV-1 genome and encodes two proteins of unknown function. The assay was applied successfully to rapid diagnosis (100 minutes)...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; PCR; Oyster; OsHV 1; Detection; Herpes virus 1.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/acte-3653.pdf

Caractérisation génétique de l’effort reproducteur de l’huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas, dans le cadre des mortalités estivales de juvéniles : Approch QTL
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Flahauw, Emilie.
The Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, is a major aquacultured species whose production represents an economic interest at worldwide, european and french levels. However, this species undergoes summer mortalities recorded from the beginning of the 20th century and, since 2008, this phenomenon increased and threatens mainly juvenile oysters. Aquaculture production of oysters suffers consequences of mass mortalities, that’s why this phenomenon has been studied for many years. In France, the bacterium Vibrio splendidus and the Ostreid virus Herpes Virus 1 (OsHV-1) are often associated with mass mortality outbreaks of juveniles oysters and it was demonstrated that selected individuals for resistance to summer mortality were able to slow the increasing in viral...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huître creuse du Pacifique; Crassostrea gigas; Mortalités estivales; Survie; Effort reproducteur; Imagerie par Résonance Magnétique; Histologie; Marqueurs microsatellites; Marqueurs SNP; Cartographie de liaison; Détection de QTL; Pacific oyster; Crassostrea gigas; Summer mortality; Survival; Reproductive effort; Magnetif Resonance Imaging; Histology; Microsatellites; SNPs; Linkage mapping; QTL detection.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00233/34377/33786.pdf

Effects of extracellular products from the pathogenic Vibrio aestuarianus strain 01/32 on lethality and cellular immune responses of the oyster Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Labreuche, Yannick; Soudant, Philippe; Goncalves, Madeleine; Lambert, Christophe; Nicolas, Jean-louis.
Vibrio aestuarianus strain 01/32 was previously shown to be pathogenic to Crassostrea gigas juveniles. To investigate virulence mechanisms of this pathogen, we studied the toxicity to oysters of its extracellular products (ECPs). ECPs displayed lethality to animals, with a LD50 value of 3.3 mu g/g body weight. To determine the oyster cellular immune responses induced by these ECPs, we further examined in vitro their effects on C. gigas hemocytes, using flow cytometric-based hemocyte assays. Treatment of hemolymph with ECPs caused a significant inhibition of hemocyte phagocytosis and adhesive capabilities. In contrast, the pathway of reactive oxygen species production was enhanced by higher ECP concentrations. Exposure of hemocytes to live bacteria induced...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Vibrio aestuarianus; ECPs; Crassostrea gigas; ROS production; Adhesion; Phagocytosis; Flow cytometry; Bivalve immunity.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-1035.pdf

Feeding of Crassostrea gigas at high seston load : modeling requirements
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Barille, Laurent; Prou, Jean.
Ecophysiological experiments conducted in situ in the Bay of Marennes-Oléron during a spring and neap tide cycle in May 1991 , were designed to get a better representation of 2 important components of the energy budget of the Japanese oyster Crassostrea gigas : clearance rate and selection efficiency. The relationships previously established by Raillard et al. ( 1993) are re-evaluated by integrating the effects of high seston loads, typical of tidal effect within estuaries, on the physiological processes. For the clearance rate, the re-evaluated parameterization includes: - a negative effect of turbidity. - a clogging threshold set to 192 mg/l. Selection efficiency parameterizations are modified by incorporating : - a constant inorganic ingestion for...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Matematical model; Oyster; Crassostrea gigas; Clearance rate; Seclection efficency; Marennes Oleron; Charente Maritime.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00102/21299/18913.pdf

Cartographie krigée des mollusques suspensivores compétiteurs trophiques des huîtres du bassin de Marennes-Oléron : l'implications pour la planification de l'échantillonnage
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Sauriau, Pierre-guy; Bacher, Cedric.
Stock assessement of wild soft-bottom mol/uses has been part of a general approach to shellfish management in oyster farming in Marennes-Oleron Bay. A sampling survey is described as a stratified random sampling after optimum allocation of the sample sire in each stratum. The aim of this study is ta ilIustrate the use of kriging techniques in the case of suspension-feeders. Regarding suspension-feeding molluscs. trophic competitors of the oyster Crassostrea gigas the whole stratified design produced an estimation with a precision around 25%. Then the geostatistical technique. i.e. kriging was used to depict the spatial and variability patterns of several trophic groups. The biomass data are expressed in ash-free. dry-weight units. In addition, the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marennes Oléron; Crassostrea gigas; Krigeage; Suspensivore; Echantillonnage stratifié; Peuplement benthique.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1991/publication-3055.pdf

Influence du climat sur le recrutement et sur la production d'huîtres cultivées (Crassostrea angulata et Crassostrea gigas) dans le bassin de Marennes-Oléron (France)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Heral, Maurice; Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc; Prou, Jean.
Recruitment, marketed yield and cultivated biomasses of oysters Crassostrea angulata and Crassostrea gigas are compared to climatic indices for the period 1885-1984. Temperature plays a role up on the date of spawning but explains only partially the failure of recruitment, which has less influence on the marketed yield than on the total biomass Contrary to the sensitivity of wild molluscan stocks to climatic conditions, yield and biomass of these cultivated stocks are not hightly correlated to the annual and seasonal indices of rainfall and air temperature.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marennes Oleron Bay; Climatic conditions; Recrutment; Crassostrea gigas; Crassostrea angulata; Oysters; Marennes Oléron; Facteurs climatiques; Recrutement; Crassostrea gigas; Crassostrea angulata; Huîtres.
Ano: 1986
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1986/acte-2972.pdf

Comparaison de la filtration entre une population de Crassostrea angulata Lmk et une population de Crassostrea gigas Thunberg élevées dans le bassin d'Arcachon
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: His, Edouard.
L'introduction d'une nouvelle espèce en ostréiculture donne souvent lieu à des débats passionnés dans les milieux ostréicoles. Un exemple est donné par Charles Martin, parqueur du Bassin d'Arcachon, dans son ouvrage "Agriculteur de la mer"; il rapporte les mesures restrictives qu'avait entraînées l'introduction de l'huître portugaise à Arcachon au début du 20ème siècle. Un des arguments avancés pour expliquer les réticences était celui de la "concurrence vitale" et de la compétition sur le plan nutritionnel (filtration) entre C. angulata et Ostrea edulis: cette dernière espèce était alors seule exploitée dans le bassin. Il fallut attendre l'épizootie de 1920, qui anéantit presque totalement l'huître plate, pour que la portugaise soit définitivement admise.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ostréiculture; Crassostrea gigas; Crassostrea angulata; Filtration; Bassin Arcachon; Gironde.
Ano: 1970
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00009/11978/8682.pdf

Etude des mortalités ostréicoles de l'hiver 1998/1999 en Baie des Veys. Caractérisation et analyse temporelle des dessalures observées sur les parcs conchylicoles de la baie de Veys depuis 1996.
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Ropert, Michel; Kopp, Joel.
The Shellfish Laboratory of Normandy (LCN : Laboratoire Conchylicole de Normandie) observed unusual hydrologic anomalies associated with important oyster mortalities during the winter of 1999. These anomalies were described as sudden salinity variations during the lidal cycle, particularly on the rising tide. Starting in 1996 a multi-parameter probe was used to monitor salinity, temperature and depth every 10 to 20 minutes in the inter-tidal zone. Alter data processing and filtering, two criteria concerning low salinity were chosen : amplitude and duration. Application of a cumulative function (Ibanez et al., 1993) to this time series data treatment showed the 3 year trend (1996-1999). Salinity variation data and climatic data were used in a multivariate...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Mortalités; Salinité; Baie des Veys; Suivi; Crassostrea gigas; Mortality; Salinity; Baie of Veys; Monitoring.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00102/21310/18928.pdf

Selective breeding to improve resistance against summer mortality in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas : results after 3 generations
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Boudry, Pierre; Degremont, Lionel; Bedier, Edouard; Samain, Jean-francois.
Summer mortality of adults and juveniles has been reported in the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, for many years and in several countries. The French multidisciplinary program "Morest" aims to investigate the causes of the summer mortality in Crassostrea gigas. Within this program, we designed multi-site field experiments to assess to what extent genetic variability exists for summer mortality in French populations of C. gigas and to determine whether selective breeding could improve survival.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Growth; Resistance; Selective breeding; Genetic; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oyster; Summer mortality.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/acte-3448.pdf

The identification of genes from the oyster Crassostrea gigas that are differentially expressed between progeny exhibiting opposed susceptibility to summer mortality
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Huvet, Arnaud; Degremont, Lionel; Labreuche, Yannick; Daniel, Jean-yves; Dubrunfaut, Thomas; Boudry, Pierre; Haure, Joel; Bedier, Edouard; Ropert, Michel; Herpin, Amaury; Cunningham, Charles; Moal, Jeanne; Samain, Jean-francois.
Summer mortality associated with juveniles of the oyster Crassostrea gigas is the result of a complex interaction between the host, pathogens and environment. Divergent selection based on summer survival have been applied to produce families with resistant and susceptible progeny. Here, we describe the use of suppression subtractive hybridization to generate 150 clones that were differentially regulated between resistant and susceptible F2 progeny. The nucleotide sequence of these 150 clones was determined. Among the 25 unique sequences that matched with the products of known genes, those putatively implicated in energy generation (12%) and immune function (16%), systems suspected to be implicated in summer mortality, were extended and analyzed by real...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Selection; Gene; Genetic; Summer mortality; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oysters.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/acte-3447.pdf

Conséquences génétiques de la production de larves d'huîtres en écloserie : étude des processus de dérive et de sélection
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Taris, Nicolas; Sauvage, Christopher; Batista, Frederico; Baron, Sophie; Ernande, Bruno; Haffray, Pierrick; Boudry, Pierre.
Previous studies have shown heritable variation in larval developmental traits in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. In order to study the genetic consequences of production of oyster larvae in hatcheries, two factors, specific to hatcheries, were examined: the effect of discarding the smallest larvae (i.e. culling) and the effect of temperature (20°C versus 26°C). A mixed-family approach was used in order to infer the genetic composition of larval populations and family assignment, limiting possible environmental bias and allowing the study of a relatively large number of families using a limited number of larval tanks. Our results show that three multiplexed highly polymorphic microsatellite markers are a powerful tool for family assignment and,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Hatchery; Genetic diversity; Selection domestication; Larvae; Crassostrea gigas; Ecloserie; Diversité génétique; Sélection domestication; Larve; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/acte-1505.pdf

Ecophysiologie de la reproduction chez l'huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pouvreau, Stephane; Lepennec, M.
The reproductive cycle of Megathura crenulata was documented and quantification of oocyte lipid reserves with lipo-specific stains was explored in both this species and in Crassostrea gigas. The necessity of providing food to female broodstock C. gigas in spring was re-evaluated, because subsequent larval and post-larval rearing performance was not affected by broodstock starvation during conditioning. Developmental study of the organs responsible of particle processing in C. gigas allowed the identification of critical stages related to the ontogenesis of each organ, as well as a better understanding of the evolution of these organs, highly-modified in the Ostreidae. Ciliary type identification and mucocyte mapping from post-larval to adult stage showed...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mucocytes; Mantle; Gill; Larvae postlarvae juveniles; Feeding; Crassostrea gigas; Megathura crenulata; Development; Reproduction; Mucocytes; Manteau; Branchie; Larves post larves juvéniles; Alimentation; Crassostrea gigas; Megathura crenulata; Développement; Reproduction.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/rapport-1867.pdf

Influence of food density and temperature on ingestion, growth and settlement of Pacific oyster larvae, Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Rico Villa, Benjamin; Pouvreau, Stephane; Robert, Rene.
Ingestion, growth and metamorphosis of Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, larvae were studied under controlled conditions of food density and temperature using a combination of a flow-through rearing system and a hydrobiological monitoring device. In a first experiment larvae were exposed to three different phytoplankton densities (12, 20 and 40 cells &amp;#956;l-1) while in a second trial larvae were reared at five different temperatures (17, 22, 25, 27 and 32°C). Both food concentration and temperature significantly affected the larval physiology throughout the entire development from D-veliger to young spat. Larvae survived over a wide range of both environmental parameters with high survival at the end of experiments. The feeding functional response...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Temperature; Food; Growth; Ecophysiology; Bivalve larvae; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/publication-4747.pdf

L'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas en Bretagne. Résultats du réseau de suivi de 1991
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Bec, Claude; Mazurie, Joseph.
The year 1991 is the third one of the regional network on growth assessment of Crassostrea gigas in Brittany, wearing on 9 sites and 3 stations per site. 2 bags of 210 oysters, 18 month old, were placed in each station. Comparatively to previous years, the 1991 growth was moderate, and condition index inferior. However, the survival rates were very high (above 91 %) and most of the slight mortalities occurred a short time after stocking (as revealed by the sizes of dead shells). An improvement was also observed in the infestation rate by the polychaete Polydora sp..Most of the growth differences between sites and stations are still present. An analytical study including environmental variables would be necessary for explanations and will be tempted in 1993.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bretagne; Crassostrea gigas; Croissance; Mortalité; Indice de condition; Polydora; A.C.P.; Brittany; Crassostrea gigas; Growth; Mortality; Condition index; Polydora; Factorial analysis.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00102/21319/18939.pdf

Dual transcriptomics of virus-host interactions: comparing two Pacific oyster families presenting contrasted susceptibility to ostreid herpesvirus 1
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Segarra, Amelie; Mauduit, Florian; Faury, Nicole; Trancart, Suzanne; Degremont, Lionel; Tourbiez, Delphine; Haffner, Philippe; Barbosa-solomieu, Valerie; Pepin, Jean-francois; Travers, Marie-agnes; Renault, Tristan.
Background:  Massive mortality outbreaks affecting Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) spat in various countries have been associated with the detection of a herpesvirus called ostreid herpesvirus type 1 (OsHV-1). However, few studies have been performed to understand and follow viral gene expression, as it has been done in vertebrate herpesviruses. In this work, experimental infection trials of C. gigas spat with OsHV-1 were conducted in order to test the susceptibility of several bi-parental oyster families to this virus and to analyze host-pathogen interactions using in vivo transcriptomic approaches.  Results:  The divergent response of these oyster families in terms of mortality confirmed that susceptibility to OsHV-1 infection has a significant...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Interactions; Ostreid herpesvirus 1; Gene expression; Susceptibility; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00199/31029/29431.pdf

A single bio-energetics growth and reproduction model for the oyster Crassostrea gigas in six Atlantic ecosystems
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Alunno-bruscia, Marianne; Bourles, Yves; Maurer, Daniele; Robert, Stephane; Mazurie, Joseph; Gangnery, Aline; Goulletquer, Philippe; Pouvreau, Stephane.
Many studies based on bioenergetics growth models have investigated the effects of environmental factors on oyster (Crassostrea gigas) growth and physiology. However, most of these models are site-specific and cannot be applied to other culture sites without the re-estimation of parameters or re-formulation of some processes. We aimed to develop a generic growth model suitable for application in contrasting environments, with a constant set of parameters. We tested the oyster-DEB model (Bourlès et al. 2009) for the stimulation of C. gigas growth in different cohorts (spats and adults) at major shellfish culture sites in France, in several years: Arcachon (1993–1994); Marennes-Oléron (2007); Quiberon (1999, 2000, 2001); Rade de Brest (2008); Baie du...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: DEB theory; Modelling; Bivalves; Crassostrea gigas; Phytoplankton; Temperature effect; Coastal environment.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00043/15403/12762.pdf

Gonad volume assessment in the oyster Crassostrea gigas: Comparison between a histological method and a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) method
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Flahauw, Emilie; Quellec, Stephane; Davenel, Armel; Degremont, Lionel; Lapegue, Sylvie; Hatt, Philippe-jacques.
Previous studies comparing Crassostrea gigas selected lines with different susceptibility to summer mortality concluded that the higher the reproductive effort the lower the survival. But theywere lacking individual followup of this reproductive effort which would be of great interest to help us to understand the physiology of the oysters facing summermortalities. Themost frequently usedmethod for assessing the volume of the gonad is to measure the area it occupies on histological sections. Gonad measurement by magnetic resonance imaging, in contrast, is non-destructive and therefore makes it possible to assess individual evolution as well as to compare individuals. The present study compared the values of gonad volume by thismethodwith the values of gonad...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Oyster; Crassostrea gigas; Reproduction; Histology; Magnetic resonance imaging; MRI.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00102/21309/19410.pdf

Bilan des mortalités estivales de naissains d'huîtres Normandie, 1995
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Kopp, Joel; Joly, Jean-pierre.
Des mortalités estivales de naissain avaient déjà été signalées en 1994, particulièrement dans la partie nord de la côte Ouest du Cotentin (de Pirou à Denneville), avec des pertes observées d'environ 30 %. L'examen histologique de deux échantillons provenant de lots très touchés (d'origine naturelle ou produits en écloserie) avaient montré la présence d'herpès-virus, sans que l'on puisse établir de relation entre ces mortalités et cette infestation. Ces mortalités se sont reproduites durant l'été 1995, mais ont touché un beaucoup plus grand nombre de lots de naissain dans l'ensemble des trois bassins conchylicoles normands.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Mortalités; Naissain; Normandie.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00072/18372/15944.pdf

Culture d'huîtres creuses en eaux profondes dans le Pertuis d'Antioche. Comparaisons avec les cultures sur estran du bassin de Marennes Oléron et de Fouras et les filières d'élevage des Saumonards. Période avril 2001 - février 2002
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Robert, Stephane; Le Moine, Olivier; Razet, Daniel; Geairon, Philippe; Guilpain, Patrice; Soletchnik, Patrick; Faury, Nicole; Seugnet, Jean-luc; Arnaud, Christophe; Chollet, Bruno; Chabirand, Jean-michel; Fleury, Pierre-gildas; Langlade, Aime; Goulletquer, Philippe; Mille, Dominique.
Le Bassin ostréicole de Marennes-Oléron, et globalement la Charente-Maritime, sont marqués depuis les années 80 (Héral, 1986), par un net recul des rendements de production qui engendrent une diminution de la rentabilité économique et un accroissement des coûts de production. La démonstration de la surcharge biologique du Bassin de Marennes-Oléron est faite depuis 1985. Cette situation a évolué depuis cette date, par une diminution des cheptels en  élevage et par une augmentation des cheptels sauvages ce qui a abouti à des plans d'entretien et de restructuration du DPM. Cependant, la situation défavorable pour la majorité des zones charentaises en terme de croissance-production est annuellement confirmée, depuis 1993 au moyen des réseaux de croissance...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ostréiculture; Eaux profondes; Crassostrea gigas; Technique élevage; Croissance; Mortalité; Biométrie; Biochimie; Marennes Oléron.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00072/18369/15940.pdf

Culture d'huîtres creuses en eaux profondes dans le Pertuis d'Antioche - Comparaisons avec le site témoin de Fouras - Rapport préliminaire pour la période juillet 2000 - février 2001
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Robert, Stephane; Le Moine, Olivier; Razet, Daniel; Geairon, Philippe; Guilpain, Patrice; Soletchnik, Patrick; Faury, Nicole; Seugnet, Jean-luc; Arnaud, Christophe; Chollet, Bruno; Chabirand, Jean-michel; Fleury, Pierre-gildas; Bouget, Jean-francois; Goulletquer, Philippe.
Il est important de rappeler ici les informations concernant le Projet "Culture d'huîtres creuses en eaux profondes dans le Pertuis d'Antioche" (Goulletquer, 2000). Le Bassin de Marennes-Oléron, et globalement la Charente-Maritime, sont marqués depuis les années 80 (Héral, 1985), par un net recul des rendements de production qui engendrent une diminution de la rentabilité économique et un accroissement des coûts de production. La démonstration de la surcharge biologique du Bassin de Marennes-Oléron est démontrée depuis 1985. Cette situation a évolué depuis cette date, par une diminution des cheptels en élevage et par une augmentation des cheptels sauvages ce qui a abouti à des plans d'entretien et de restructuration du DPM. Cependant, la situation...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ostréiculture; Eaux profondes; Crassostrea gigas; Technique élevage; Croissance; Mortalité; Pertuis Antioche.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00072/18370/15942.pdf

Etude préalable à la diversification d'huîtres creuses en France : isolement reproductif entre Crassostrea gigas et C. angulata
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Balabaud, Karen.
Avec 30 000 tonnes d'huîtres produites chaque année, l'ostréiculture est l'activité principale du bassin de Marennes-Oléron. Caractérisé par une très forte interaction avec les milieux professionnels de la conchyliculture, l'Ifremer se doit avant tout de répondre à leurs questions, en particulier en matière de croissance, de reproduction et surtout en matière de mortalité de l'huître creuse. En effet, l'huître portugaise Crassostrea angulata fut décimée de 1968 à 1972 par un agent pathogène de type iridovirus. Pour faire face à cette disparition des populations d'huîtres japonaises Crassostrea gigas sont alors introduites en France. Mais, les professionnels s'interrogent sur la bonne adaptation de l'huître creuse japonaise à l'environnement français et...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Croisement; Isolement reproductif; Huîtres creuses; Hybrides; Marqueurs moléculaires; PCR; Crassostrea gigas; Crassostrea angulata.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00033/14441/11740.pdf

Detection of oyster herpesvirus DNA and proteins in asymptomatic Crassostrea gigas adults
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Arzul, Isabelle; Renault, Tristan; Thebault, Anne; Gerard, Andre.
Since 1972, several herpes-like virus infections have been reported among different bivalve species around the world. Most of these reports involved larvae or juveniles presenting high mortalities. Two case reports of herpes-like viruses concerned adult oysters, Crassostrea virginica in USA and Ostrea angasi in Australia. Molecular techniques including PCR and in situ hybridization (ISH) have been recently developed to detect the oyster herpesvirus genome. In the present study, 30 Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, adults have been analyzed using three different techniques: PCR, ISH and immunochemistry, in order to detect herpesviruses in asymptomatic individuals. PCR and ISH allowed detection of oyster herpesvirus DNA in 93.3 and 86.6%, respectively, of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Protein; DNA; Healthy carrier; Adult oyster; Crassostrea gigas; Herpesvirus.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2002/publication-697.pdf

Observations relatives à une expérience de reproduction artificielle des huîtres du Pacifique (Crassostrea gigas Thunberg)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Comps, Michel.
The artificial production of oyster spats in Japan and the USA provided inspiration to some French oyster farmers who thought that, at a time when stocking up Crassostrea gigas spats was getting more difficult, it would be interesting to try out the nutrition techniques developed by Japanese and American specialists. In this way, in La Tremblade, in the Marennes basin, M. Paul Jarno set up some structures aimed at artificial oyster reproduction. Trials started in 1968 and continued in July 1969. The first step was to assess the material and structures' usability and to take a closer look at the practical larval nutrition conditions in order to obtain fixed spats. This document is a collection of the observations carried out during the different trials.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Reproduction artificielle; Larves; Naissain; Reproduction; Crassostrea gigas; Huître.
Ano: 1970
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1970/publication-6285.PDF

Competition for food reduces disease susceptibility in a marine invertebrate
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pernet, Fabrice; Lugue, Klervi; Petton, Bruno.
Competition between organisms interfere in host and pathogen dynamics in ways that are difficult to predict. By one side, competitors can reduce the food supply and cause nutritional stress. Such stress could further modulate the susceptibility to infection by altering immune response or metabolic rate of the host. Alternatively, competitors may trap pathogens before they reach the focal host, and therefore reduce, enhance, or have no effect on infection according to the competitor's susceptibility to the infection. To better understand how competition influences host and pathogen interactions, we experimentally assessed the relative importance of competition for pathogens and resources on the severity of a viral disease infecting the Pacific oyster...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Competition; Crassostrea gigas; Disease ecology; Filtration; Ostreid herpesvirus 1; Pathogen.
Ano: 2021
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00692/80375/83493.pdf

Suppression substractive hybridisation (SSH) and real time PCR reveal differential gene expression in the Pacific cupped oyster, Crassostrea gigas, challenged with Ostreid herpesvirus 1
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Renault, Tristan; Faury, Nicole; Barbosa Solomieu, Valérie; Moreau, Kevin.
Virus-induced genes were identified using suppression subtractive hybridisation (SSH) from Pacific cupped oyster, Crassostrea gigas, haemocytes challenged by OsHV-1. A total of 304 clones from SSH forward library were sequenced. Among these sequences, some homologues corresponded to (i) immune related genes (macrophage express protein, IK cytokine, interferon-induced protein 44 or multicopper oxidase), (ii) apoptosis related genes (Bcl-2) and (iii) cell signalling and virus receptor genes (glypican). Molecular characterization and phylogenic analysis of 3 immune-related genes (macrophage expressed protein, multicopper oxidase and immunoglobulin domain cell adhesion molecule) were performed. Finally, quantitative PCR revealed significant changes in the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Pacific cupped oyster; Crassostrea gigas; OsHV-1; Immunity; Gene expression; Multicopper oxidase; Macrophage expressed protein; Ig cell adhesion molecule; Interferon-induced protein 44; Virus RNA.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00043/15466/12843.pdf

The use of microsatellite markers for parentage analysis in the Pacific cupped oyster, Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Boudry, Pierre; Collet, Bertrand; Kotoulas, Georgios; Magoulas, Antonio; Hervouet, Veronique; Bonhomme, Francois; Gerard, Andre.
Highly polymorphic genetic markers can be useful tools for the analysis of parental contributions. The present paper reports 3 experiments using microsatellite markers to analyse parental contributions in controlled in vitro factorial crosses of the cupped oyster Crassostrea gigas. Parentage analysis was eased by the large polymorphism observed at the 3 loci studied. In a cross between 20 males and 20 females, a quarter of the progeny could be assigned to a given parent using a single microsatellite locus showing 28 alleles. In 3 crosses between 5 males and females, all the progeny could be assigned to a family by using 3 loci. In all cases, the combined genotyping at 2 loci allowed parentage to be detennined unambiguously. Despite the balanced gametic...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Microsatellites; Parental contributions; Crassostrea gigas; Microsatellites; Contributions parentales.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1998/acte-2739.pdf

In vivo RNA interference in oyster -vasa silencing inhibits germ cell development
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Fabioux, Caroline; Corporeau, Charlotte; Quillien, Virgile; Favrel, Pascal; Huvet, Arnaud.
This study investigated the potential of RNA interference, which is technically challenging in bivalve mollusc species, to assess gene function in the oyster Crassostrea gigas. We designed dsRNA targeting the oyster vasa-like gene (Oyvlg), specifically expressed in oyster germ cells. In vivo injection of oyvl-dsRNA into the gonad provokes a knockdown phenotype corresponding to germ cell underproliferation and prematurely arrested meiosis througout the organ. The most severe phenotype observed is sterile. This knockdown phenotype is associated with a decrease in Oyvlg mRNA level of between 39% and 87%, and a strong reduction in OYVLG protein, to an undetectable level. Therefore, Oyvlg appears to be essential for germ cell development in Crassostrea gigas,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Vasa; RNAi; Marine bivalve; Germline; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/publication-6641.pdf

Regulation of a truncated isoform of AMP-activated protein kinase alpha (AMPKalpha) in response to hypoxia in the muscle of Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Guevelou, Eric; Huvet, Arnaud; Sussarellu, Rossana; Milan, Massimo; Guo, Xinmei; Li, Li; Zhang, Guofan; Quillien, Virgile; Daniel, Jean-yves; Quere, Claudie; Boudry, Pierre; Corporeau, Charlotte.
AMP-activated protein kinase α (AMPKα) is a key regulator of energy balance in many model species during hypoxia. In a marine bivalve, the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, we analyzed the protein content of adductor muscle in response to hypoxia during 6 h. In both smooth and striated muscles, the amount of full-length AMP-activated protein kinase α (AMPKα) remained unchanged during hypoxia. However, hypoxia induced a rapid and muscle-specific response concerning truncated isoforms of AMPKα. In the smooth muscle, a truncated isoform of AMPKα was increased from 1 to 6 h of hypoxia, and was linked with accumulation of AKT kinase, a key enzyme of the insulin signaling pathway which controls intracellular glucose metabolism. In this muscle, aerobic metabolism...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marine bivalve; Crassostrea gigas; Hypoxia; AMP-activated protein kinase; Alternative splicing; Adductor muscle.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00119/22998/21397.pdf

REMONOR : Résultats 2006. Evaluation de la mortalité, croissance et qualité des huîtres creuses
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Ropert, Michel; Pien, S.; Mary, Charlotte; Bouchaud, B.
Le réseau régional de suivi REMONOR s'appuyant sur les acquis du réseau national REMORA de l'Ifremer, évalue chaque année la mortalité, la croissance et la qualité sur deux classes d'âges d'huîtres creuses (« adultes » = 2 ans et « juvéniles » = 1 an), réparties entre différentes stations dans les principaux secteurs ostréicoles Bas-Normands.  Ce réseau, mené en collaboration par le LERN (Laboratoire Environnement Ressources de Normandie) et le SMEL (Syndicat Mixte de L'Equipement du Littoral), intègre deux nouvelles stations en 2006 : Veules les Roses (VR01), dont le suivi, allégé l'an dernier, est aujourd'hui complet et Denneville (CO10) qui doit compléter les connaissances sur le nord de la Côte Ouest du Cotentin. Une station est à l'étude cette année...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: REMORA; Quality; Growth; Mortality; Normandy; REMONOR; Cupped (gigas) oyster; Crassostrea gigas; REMORA; Qualité; Croissance; Mortalité; Basse Normandie; REMONOR; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/rapport-3468.pdf

Approches bibliographique et expérimentale de méthodes permettant d'évaluer l'état de maturité sexuelle des bivalves
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Thielley, Maryse.
A l'heure actuelle, l'objectif des éc10series d'huîtres est d'atteindre une autonomie d'approvisionnement en larves quelle que soit la saison et donc d'étaler les émissions de gamètes sur toute l'année. A la suite de problèmes rencontrés pour atteindre cet objectif, il s'est avéré nécessaire d'entreprendre des études sur les méthodes à mettre en oeuvre pour contrôler la qualité de la reproduction en écloserie et notamment l'état de maturité des géniteurs. Notre étude porte sur ce dernier point. Une étude bibliographique présente les différentes méthodes plus ou moins précises, actuellement utilisées pour contrôler l'état de maturité des gonades de bivalves. La majorité d'entre elles nécessite le sacrifice d'animaux. Une approche expérimentale portant...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Bivalves; Reproduction; Maturité sexuelle; Biopsie.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00419/53094/54051.pdf

Obtention de souches conchylicoles performantes par polyploïdisation (2ème partie)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gerard, Andre.
Following a phase of experimental system development, acquisition and improvement of triploidisation techniques carried out in 1989, the 1990 program divides into four main actions:1) significant production of diploid and triploid populations of cupped oysters and Pacific clams in order to compare their performances in French coastal waters2) first trials of triploidy induction in European clam3) development of a ploidy control technique at any stage of the animal life, through digital imaging4) summary of the first trials of tetraploidy induction in C. gigas and R. philippinarum
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Imagerie numérique; Ruditapes decussatus; Ruditapes philippinarum; Crassostrea gigas; Cytogénétique; Tétraploïdie; Triploïdie; Polyploïdie.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1991/rapport-3855.PDF

Réseau de suivi de la croissance de l'huître creuse sur les côtes françaises. REMORA. Résultats des stations nationales. Année 1997
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Fleury, Pierre-gildas; Ruelle, Francois; Claude, Serge; Palvadeau, Hubert; Robert, Stephane; D'Amico, Florence; Vercelli, Catherine; Chabirand, Jean-michel.
1. Introduction: network organisation in 1997. The REMORA network - REseau MOIIusques du département Ressources Aquacoles de l'Ifremer - (Ifremer's Aquaculture Resources Department Mollusc Network) has been evaluating, since 1993, hollow oysters' growth (Crassostrea gigas) in major French oyster beds. In order to do so, it has followed up on a yearly basis the growth of a unique oyster batch shared among different stations in the main French raising areas. Releasing takes place in February and picking happens in November or December; intermediary sampling is done in June and September. All operations happen on the same dates for all stations. A national report is published each year. 'Regional' stations are sometimes added to the national network, but they...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: France; Growth; Network of monitoring; Crassostrea gigas; Oyster culture.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1998/rapport-1765.pdf

Biologie et écotoxicologie des véligères de Crassostrea Gigas (Thunberg) dans le bassin d'Arcachon
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: His, Edouard.
This study analyses the larval recruitment and biology in Crassostrea Gigas, in the Arcachon Bay. Three types of observations were conducted: - a study of the reproduction anomalies in C. gigas between 1976 and 1981. - observations of the particulate nutrition of the veligeres. - ecotoxicologic experiments (organostannic action on oyster reproduction, mostly). The reproduction anomalies in C. gigas could not be attributed to either the genitors' quality or the water quality in the Arcachon Bay, but to a perturbation of the veligeres' trophic regime; the hypothesis of an alteration of the nanoplancton in the Bay, during the summer period, and linked to the action of the organotins is highly considered. The assumption of responsibility of the particulate...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Organostanniques; Ecotoxicologie; Nutrition; Anomalies de la reproduction; Bassin d'Arcachon; Crassostrea gigas; Véligères; Recrutement.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1991/these-3347.pdf

Etude de l'immunité antivirale chez l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Brunetiere, Claire.
Bien que l'impact des pathologies virales en aquaculture soit important, la prévention et les traitements antiviraux sont peu maîtrisés. De plus, les connaissances sur l'immunité des invertébrés marins face aux infections virales sont peu nombreuses. L'immunité non spécifique, constituant la première barrière de défense chez les vertébrés, représente le seul mécanisme de l'immunité décrit à ce jour chez les bivalves marins. De plus, les travaux ayant pour objet l'étude des mécanismes développés par les bivalves pour se défendre vis-à-vis de ces agents infectieux sont peu développés. Il apparaît donc important de comprendre quel(s) mécanismes(s) de défense peut(vent) être mis en place chez les huîtres adultes, C. gigas, pour limiter et /ou contrôler les...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Immunologie; Biologie cellulaire; Hémocytes.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00034/14475/11773.pdf

Performances de croissance de l'huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg) dans le bassin d'élevage de Marennes-Oléron entre 1979 &amp; 1982
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Berthome, Jean-paul; Prou, Jean; Bodoy, Alain.
Growth of the japanese oyster, Crassostrea gigas was monitored during 4 years, by following the recruitment of the year 1978, held in rearing conditions. After three and half years, the average length was la cm and the average total weight was 80 g. Clear seasonal changes were observed on the growth in length and weight.  An  important loss in dry weight occured in July, during the release of gametes. Such losses constituted 29 %, 43 % and 60 % of the dry weight, respectively for individuals which were 2 years, 3 years and 4 years old. The higher instantaneous growth rates  (G) were observed during spring and at the beginning of summer. Growth model of Von Bertalanffy, gave the best estimate for the length growth of the species. During the 1979-1982...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Growth parameter; Growth model; Reardd stock; Crassostrea gigas; Oyster; Growth; Descripteurs de croissance; Modèle de croissance; Stock cultivé; Crassostrea gigas; Huître; Croissance.
Ano: 1986
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1986/publication-2967.pdf

Experimental shift in diet Delta13C: A potential tool for ecophysiological studies in marine bivalves
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Paulet, Yves-marie; Lorrain, Anne; Richard, Joëlle; Pouvreau, Stephane.
To test the potential of diet switching experiments in ecophysiological studies of marine invertebrates, stable carbon isotope ratios were measured at different seasons in the gonad, adductor muscle, digestive gland and gills of scallops (Pecten maximus) and oysters (Crassostrea gigas) held for 15 days on a constant diet of phytoplankton depleted in 13C. The aim of this study was to determine if differences in carbon incorporation could be detected among species, seasons and organs, and if so, whether it was consistent with their known energy-allocation patterns. After offering the new diet, isotope values of the different organs gradually shifted and significant differences among organs, seasons and species were found. A carbon incorporation index (CII)...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Pecten maximus; Carbon isotopes; Metabolism; Energy allocation.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-1202.pdf

Real-time PCR assay for rapid detection and quantification of Vibrio aestuarianus in oyster and seawater: A useful tool for epidemiologic studies
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Saulnier, Denis; De Decker, Sophie; Haffner, Philippe.
Because Vibrio aestuarianus is known to cause serious infections in Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, a real-time PCR assay was developed targeting the dnaJ gene of this bacterium. Only V. aestuarianus strains isolated from C. gigas mortality events in different geographic areas and the reference strain tested positive, whereas no amplification products was obtained with type strains belonging to 23 other species of Vibrio. Sensitivity and reproducibility of the method were assessed using either seawater or oyster homogenate samples spiked with one V aestuarianus strain. All these samples were stored at -20 degrees C in order to mimic retrospective or grouped natural sample analysis without quantification bias due to prolonged freezing. Analysis of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: V. aestuarianus; Vibrio; Taqman; Real time PCR; Pathogen; Oyster; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/publication-6447.pdf

Etude de l'herpès virus de l'huître - Fonds d'Aide à la Recherche et à l'Innovation - Décision d'Aide à la Recherche n° 95-07-01 - Rapport intermédiaire 1998
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Renault, Tristan.
Le Laboratoire de Génétique, Aquaculture et Pathologie (GAP) de la Station IFREMER de La Tremblade, se propose dans le présent projet d'étudier le virus de type herpès observée chez les huîtres (pouvoir pathogène, conditions d'expression de l'infection, transmission, etc ... ) et de développer des réactifs permettant de réaliser un diagnostic rapide, sensible et fiable de l'infection qu'il occasionne. Les outils de diagnostic développés sont basés sur la détection directe du virus, soit au moyen de réactifs immunologiques spécifiques des antigènes viraux, soit par des techniques de biologie moléculaire permettant de détecter l'ADN viral (hybridation de sondes nucléiques et réaction PCR). Ce projet, proposé sur une durée de trois années (1995-1998),...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Virus; Pathologie; Herpès virus; Crassostrea gigas; Pathogène; Herpesviridae.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00043/15450/12825.pdf

Effect of age and environment on the summer mortality in cupped oyster Crassostrea gigas during the first two years
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Degremont, Lionel; Boudry, Pierre; Soletchnik, Patrick; Bedier, Edouard; Ropert, Michel; Samain, Jean-francois.
Three successive generations were produced between 2001 and 2003 to assess to what extent genetic variability exists for this trait in juvenile oysters Crassostrea gigas.  For each generation, two groups were selected for their high ("R" for resistant) and low ("S" for susceptible) survival.  Significant differences of mortality were observed during the first year in Rivière d'Auray (RA) (Brittany-France).  However, low and similar mortality were observed for both groups, with no significant difference between groups in the first and second generation in this site, where the first summer is the critical sensitive period with a clear age effect.  In Baie des Veys (BDV) (Normandie-France), where mortalities usually mainly affect adults, mortality between...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Genetic variability; Genetic; Summer mortality; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oysters.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/acte-3442.pdf

Relationships between oyster mortality patterns and environmental data from monitoring databases along the coasts of France
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick; Ropert, Michel; Mazurie, Joseph; Fleury, Pierre-gildas; Le Coz, Florence.
Oyster mortality was monitored at multiple sites along the French coastline (around 5 500 km) between 1993 and 2005. Mortality data for one- and two-year-old oysters were collected over 10–12 years in 39 oyster culture sites bordering 3 different "seas": the English Channel, Bay of Biscaye and Mediterranean. Combining these data with records from environmental monitoring databases, 11 of these sites had consistent chronological data sets including both environmental data and mortality records. Mortality in one-year-old oysters was clearly summer mortality (49% of their annual mortality) whereas mortality of two-year-olds occurred mostly in spring (51%). Analysis of variance revealed that "coastal area" was the main influence on mortality of one-year-olds...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mortality; Environment; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oyster.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-3295.pdf

Variations des caractères biométriques et des constitutants biochimiques d'une population C. gigas (Thunberg) d'un parc d'élevage du bassin de Marennes - Oléron en 1974
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gras, Marie-paule; Gras, Paul.
At the beginning of its introduction, following the massive mortality rate of 1970-1971 that struck the Portuguese oyster, Crassostrea angulata (COMPS and GRAS 1973), the oyster from the Pacific, Crassostrea gigas, displayed excellent growth in addition to exceptional hardiness and resistance to mortality. But, since 1973, in most of the farming areas, there has been a slowdown in the growth of the oysters and an at times quite pronounced decrease in their quality. It was in order to better understand their adaptation to the environment and the causes of the lowering of their growth rate and their condition that a study was undertaken in 1974, in one of the largest areas of flat cultivation of the Marennes-Oléron basin, located on the east coast of the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marennes Oléron; Biochimie; Biométrie; Huîtres; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1975
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1975/acte-2988.pdf

Suivi de la reproduction des mollusques d'élevage 1991
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Faury, Nicole; Ratiskol, Jacqueline.
Les conditions météorologiques semblaient cette année à priori favorables à la reproduction des moules. Cependant, le maturation des gonades a été très lente. Ainsi, les premières pontes, de faible importance, ont eu lieu début Avril. Plusieurs émissions tardives sont apparues fin Mai et se sont poursuivies jusqu'au début du mois de Juillet. Elles n'ont pas été importantes et ont conduit à une faible quantité de larves au stade fixation. Un captage "moyen" a été observé début Mai. Ensuite, la présence de quelques larves grosses n'a pas permis un recrutement suffisant. Généralement, suite à la période de reproduction les moules reconstituent rapidement leur réserve; or cette année, elles sont restées maigres jusqu'à la fin Juillet. Le fort déficit...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Reproduction; Captage; Naissain; Crassostrea gigas; Marennes Oléron; Mytilus edulis.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00072/18285/15857.pdf

Herpesviruses associated with mortalities among Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, in France-Comparative study
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Renault, Tristan; Le Deuff, Rose-marie; Cochennec, Nathalie; Maffart, Patricia.
Sporadic mortalities were reported in june and july of 1992 and 1993 among batches of hatchery-reared larval Pacifie oyster, Crassastrea gigas, and at the beginning of July and in August of 1993 among five batches of 3-7 month old young spats, C. gigas. Observations with transmission electron microscope showed the presence of herpes-like virus particles in infected larvae and young spats. The viruses observed in diseased larvae and affected young spat oysters were very similar. Elevated temperature and crowding may increase susceptibility of oysters to these herpes-like virus infections.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Spat; Larvae; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oysters; Mortality; Herpes like virus; Naissain; Larve; Crassostrea gigas; Huître japonaise; Mortalités; Herpès like virus.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1994/publication-2898.pdf

Analyse historique de la production conchylicole du Bassin de Marennes-Oléron et essai d'estimation empirique du potentiel conchylicole
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Heral, Maurice; Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc.
The analysis of the official statistics of commercialised production of oysters (.Crassostrea angutata and Crassostrea gigas ) is achieved from 1866 to 1984 in term of their numbers and weights for the bay of Marennes-Oleron. The number of sanitary labels, multiplied by the mean weight of a crate can also give out the commercialised production   provided it is increased by the bias and decreased by the exterior production of the bay . Thus the production of Portuguese oysters is only 45 000 tons from 1948 to 1957 with a  maximum of 52, 000 tons for respectively 70 000 tons and 280 000 tons for the statistics . AIso, after the epizooties of Crassostrea angulata the production, fell down to 25 000 tons in 1971 according to the number of sanitary labels...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Production conchylicole; Analyse statistique.
Ano: 1985
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/0985/acte-2958.pdf

In Vivo RNA Interference of a Gonad-Specific Transforming Growth Factor-beta in the Pacific Oyster Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Huvet, Arnaud; Fleury, Elodie; Corporeau, Charlotte; Quillien, Virgile; Daniel, Jean-yves; Riviere, Guillaume; Boudry, Pierre; Fabioux, Caroline.
We investigated the role of oyster gonadal TGF beta (og-TGF beta) in the reproduction of Crassostrea gigas, using an in vivo RNA interference approach. We designed double-stranded RNA targeting og-TGF beta, which is specifically expressed in the somatic cells surrounding germ cells in the gonad of both male and female oysters. In vivo injection of this og-TGF beta dsRNA into the gonad led to knock-down phenotypes for both sexes, with significant reduction (77.52% relative to controls) of the gonad area, lowered reproductive effort and germ cell under-proliferation. Interestingly, half of the injected females halted their vitellogenesis, since we were only able to observe pre-vitellogenic oocytes. In addition, apoptotic germ cells and haemocytes infiltrated...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marine bivalve; Crassostrea gigas; Reproduction; RNA interference; Transforming growth factor-beta.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00087/19794/17486.pdf

Starch supplementation modulates amylase enzymatic properties and amylase B mRNA level in the digestive gland of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Huvet, Arnaud; Jeffroy, Fanny; Daniel, Jean-yves; Quere, Claudie; Le Souchu, Pierrick; Van Wormhoudt, A.; Boudry, Pierre; Moal, Jeanne; Samain, Jean-francois.
In the oyster Crassostrea gigas consumption-related traits, amylase properties and growth were found to be linked through genotypes that differed for polymorphism in the two amylase genes AMYA and AMYB. Modulation of AMYA mRNA level had already been observed in response to food availability, whereas the functional role of AMYB was still unknown. To improve knowledge about the regulation of amylase expression in C. gigas and the respective roles of the two genes, we made an assay of amylase expression at mRNA and enzymatic levels in the digestive gland of oysters that had received dietary supplements of starch. After 18 days, a significant increase of translatable mRNA for AMYB was observed, with a correlated increase in Michaelis-Menten constant Km values...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Alpha-amylase; Crassostrea gigas; Digestive enzyme; Michaelis-Menten constant; Regulation.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00087/19869/17521.pdf

Gametogenetic cycle and reproductive effort assessed by two methods in 3 age classes of Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas, reared in Normandy
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Royer, J; Seguineau, Catherine; Park, K; Pouvreau, Stephane; Choi, K; Costil, K.
Two methods were used to estimate the reproductive output of female Pacific oysters reared in Normandy: histology with image analysis and ELISA (Enzyme-Linked lmmunoSorbent Assay) which allowed the quantification of egg protein. Condition indices, gonad area and gametogenetic stages of the oysters were determined in the entire population (males and females) between May and October 2005. All investigations were performed in 3 age classes: oysters in their first, second or third years (corresponding to spat, half-grown and market-sized oysters, respectively). Both quantitative histology and ELISA provided similar results in terms of reproductive effort (illustrated by the gonado-somatic index, GSI) except during the GSI drop, corresponding to spawning, which...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Reproductive effort; Image analysis; Gametogenetic cycle; ELISA; Crassostrea gigas; Condition index.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/publication-4305.pdf

Pratiques culturales et mortalités d'huîtres creuses Crassostrea gigas en baie de Quiberon, en 2001-2002. Bilan des enquêtes, plongées et prélèvements sur 18 semis en 2001-2002
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Mazurie, Joseph; Langlade, Aime; Fleury, Pierre-gildas; Bouget, Jean-francois; Claude, Serge; Foucart, Marie; Bedier, Edouard.
This study is the second part of a former report rapport Ifremer DRV/RST/RA/LCB/2002-08 dealing with rearing methods, growth and mortality performances, and problems encountered by the oyster farmers from Quiberon Bay (2800 ha of leases) : the first report relied on a survey achieved in july 200l, about 18 oyster farmers, and 2 diving campaigns (july and october 2001) on 2 years old oyster batches from the same farmers. Il is now completed by a last campaign of diving in october 2002, on 7 parcels out of the 18, still bearing the initial oysters. The analysed enterprises vary in particular by the location and depth of their concession inside the bay, but also by their rearing scheme : a majority favours seedings with 18 month old oysters or more, according...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huître creuse; Crassastrea gigas; Baie de Quiberon; Croissance; Mortalité; Pratiques culturales; Rentabilité économique; Cupped oyster; Crassostrea gigas; Mortality; Rearing practices; Profitability; Bay of Quiberon; .growlh.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00102/21322/18944.pdf

Involvement of Mitochondrial Activity and OXPHOS in ATP Synthesis During the Motility Phase of Spermatozoa in the Pacific Oyster, Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Boulais, Myrina; Soudant, Philippe; Le Goic, Nelly; Quere, Claudie; Boudry, Pierre; Suquet, Marc.
In the Pacific oyster, spermatozoa are characterized by a remarkably long movement phase (i.e., over 24 h) sustained by a capacity to maintain intracellular ATP level. To gain information on oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) functionality during the motility phase of Pacific oyster spermatozoa, we studied 1) changes in spermatozoal mitochondrial activity, that is, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and intracellular ATP content in relation to motion parameters and 2) the involvement of OXPHOS for spermatozoal movement using carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone (CCCP). The percentage of motile spermatozoa decreased over a 24 h movement period. MMP increased steadily during the first 9 h of the movement phase and was subsequently maintained at a...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Intracellular ATP content; Mitochondrial membrane potential; Oxidative phosphorylation; Sperm motility.
Ano: 2015
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00303/41376/40666.pdf

Intervention de quelques facteurs dans l'évolution de la biomasse des claires de Marennes-Oléron
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Zanette, Yvon.
Cette note présente les premiers résultats d'une étude plus complète des claires de Marennes-Oléron. Nous nous sommes efforcés de mettre en relation quelques paramètres physico-chimiques (température, salinité, oxygène dissous, N-NO3, N-NO2, N-HH4, SI-Si O3) et les biomasses phytoplanctoniques et microphytobenthiques exprimées par la chlorophylle a active. Le suivi a été effectué sur un cycle d'utilisation normal de deux claires : l'une (B) semée à la densité traditionnelle de 4 huîtres par m2 (Crassostrea gigas) ; l'autre (A) sans huître servant de témoin.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Claires ostréicoles; Marais; Charente-Maritime; Marennes Oléron; Biomasse; Paramètres physico-chimiques; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1980
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00037/14866/12190.pdf

Etude préliminaire de l'impact des huîtres Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg) en élevage sur la biomasse des microorganismes des claires de Marennes-Oléron
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Zanette, Yvan; Garnier, Jacqueline.
The evolution of microbial biomass based on chlorophyll a, pheopigments, proteins, particulate carbon and nitrogen, ATP and total viable aerobic bacterias measurements, is studied on three oyster ponds in relation with different densities of reared oysters Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg). Chlorophyll a important amounts characteristics of theses middles (13 to 100µg.1(1) are in part consumed when the density of oysters is important, comparatively ATP increase to 30µg.1(1). With important values of (ATP/carbon) 10(3) ratios, upper than 10, we could think that the development of large silicified phytoplanktonic species should be favoured by oysters particularly the diatom Navicula ostrearia (Bory)
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Navicula ostrearia; Marennes Oleron; Phytoplanctonic biomass; Microbial biomass; Oysters; Crassostrea gigas; Navicula ostrearia; Marennes Oléron; Claire; Biomasse microbienne; Biomasse phytoplanctonique; Huîtres; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1981
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1981/acte-2936.pdf

Niveau de ploïdie des naissains d'huître creuse captés dans les pertuis charentais, le bassin d'Arcahon et la baie de Bourgneuf. Réseau Biovigilance, campagne 2012
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Benabdelmouna, Abdellah; Maurouard, Elise; D'Amico, Florence; Seugnet, Jean-luc; Grizon, James.
Comme pour les années précédentes, le réseau biovigilance a réalisé en 2012 la caractérisation du niveau de ploïdie de naissains captés en 2011. En plus des deux principaux bassins de captage que sont Marennes Oléron et Arcachon, un bassin additionnel (baie de Bourgneuf) a été prospecté grâce à l’analyse de naissains sauvages captés en 2011 au niveau du site de la bernerie en Retz. Les échantillons des naissains sauvages issus du captage naturel ont été prélevés sur plusieurs sites de chaque bassin pour un total analysé de 1340 animaux. En tenant compte de l’échantillonnage, les résultats de suivi de ploïdie sont interprétés comme une absence d’animaux polyploïdes, triploïdes ou tétraploïdes, captés dans les trois bassins prospectés. Cependant, comme les...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ploïdie; Huîtres creuses; Crassostrea gigas; Captage naissain; Pertuis Charentais; Bassin d'Arcachon; Baie de Bourgneuf.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00176/28730/27197.pdf

Variations spatio-temporelles de l'infestation des huitres creuses, Crassostrea Gigas, par les vers du genre Polydora (Annelides Polychetes), dans le cadre du reseau Ifremer/REMORA.
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Duault, Céline; Gillet, Patrick.
The worms Polydora. damage the oysters, Crassostrea gigas, by foraging the shell, training the formation of galleries and chambers with mud. The IFREMER'S REMORA network which has in charge to survey the oysters Crassostrea gigas in France, has showed an increase of the infestation of oysters since 1993 (first year of the network). The study had for goal first to estimate the spatial and temporal variations of the infestation of the oysters in 1999, by using two methods: the infestation index, the number of worms by individual and a quality index, the Polydora Index (IP varies from 0 to 1) which is based on 5 classes of the oysters quality (from 0 to 4) in relation to the aspect of the valves
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: REMORA network; Infestation; Crassostrea gigas; Polydora sp.; Réseau REMORA; Infestation; Crassostrea gigas; Polydora sp.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2001/publication-2447.pdf

In situ localization and tissue distribution of ostreid herpesvirus 1 proteins in infected Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Martenot, Claire; Segarra, Amelie; Baillon, Laury; Faury, Nicole; Houssin, Maryline; Renault, Tristan.
Immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays were conducted on paraffin sections from experimentally infected spat and unchallenged spat produced in hatchery to determine the tissue distribution of three viral proteins within the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. Polyclonal antibodies were produced from recombinant proteins corresponding to two putative membrane proteins and one putative apoptosis inhibitor encoded by ORF 25, 72, and 87, respectively. Results were then compared to those obtained by in situ hybridization performed on the same individuals, and showed a substantial agreement according to Landis and Koch numeric scale. Positive signals were mainly observed in connective tissue of gills, mantle, adductor muscle, heart, digestive gland, labial palps, and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: OsHV-1; Viral proteins; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00326/43697/43124.pdf

Possibilities to prevent Crassostrea gigas oyster summer mortality in France
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Samain, Jean-francois; Ropert, Michel; Bedier, Edouard; Soletchnik, Patrick; Mazurie, Joseph; Le Coz, Florence; Blin, Jean-louis; Mille, Dominique; Pajot, Régis; Haffray, Patrick; Bacher, Cedric; Grangere, Karine; Grangere, Karine; Pouvreau, Stephane; Bourles, Yves; Gohin, Francis; Woerther, Patrice; Boudry, Pierre.
Summer mortality has been reported in the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, for many years in Japan, US and Europe. It affects both adults and juveniles and the causes of this phenomenon are complex. Environmental, physiological or pathological putative causes were studied all over the world. Recently, the MOREST project ((MORtalitEStivale) a multidisciplinary project (2001-2005) focused on his problem led to a better understanding of this phenomenon in France. The results showed in these geographical conditions, the main interactions between the oysters, their environment and certain pathogens.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Interaction model; Environmental parameters; Summer mortality; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oyster.
Ano: 2006
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/acte-3476.pdf

A flow-through rearing system for ecophysiological studies of Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas larvae
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Rico Villa, Benjamin; Woerther, Patrice; Mingant, Christian; Le Piver, David; Pouvreau, Stephane; Hamon, Michel; Robert, Rene.
While literature is relatively abundant on adult shellfish, ecophysiological studies at the larval stage are scarce because of both technical difficulties and inadequate methodology. A tool dedicated to provide basic information for larval ecophysiology was accordingly developed. Two steps were followed: first a flow-through method of Crassostrea gigas larval culture was perfected during a set of experiments in which rearing systems and larval density were assessed. Then a continuous hydrobiological data recorder was adapted with modifications to comply with our experimental aim. SILO (Système d'Instrumentation des Larves en flux Ouvert) allowed the successive acquisition of hydrobiological parameters in ten 150 l larval tanks in which larvae were reared...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Temperature; Ecophysiology; Bivalve larvae; Crassostrea gigas; Flow through.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/publication-4167.pdf

Mortalités d'huîtres japonaises sur le Banc de Ronce Les Bains : rapport provisoire au 4/8/88
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bodoy, Alain; Garnier, Jacqueline; Geairon, Philippe; Chagot, Dominique; Grizel, Henri; Comps, Michel; Razet, Daniel.
Depuis le mois de juin 1988, les ostréiculteurs ont fait part de la présence de mortalités importantes sur le banc de Ronce (bassin de Marennes-Oléron), d'abord auprès de l'Ifremer et des Affaires Maritimes, puis des pouvoirs publics. Ces problèmes ont été évoqués lors d'une réunion en Préfecture de Charente-Maritime, le 4 juillet 1988. Il s'est alors avéré nécessaire de réaliser un constat de la situation notamment sur le banc de Ronce, et de faire le point sur les causes pouvant être à l'origine de la situation sur les mortalités survenues dans cette zone. Cette décision a été confirmée le 12 juillet, lors d'une réunion à la Sous-Préfecture de Rochefort. Le présent rapport présente les résultats scientifiques actuellement disponibles, ainsi que les...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mortalité; Météorolgie; Paramètres hydrologiques; Physiologie; Croissance; Bivalvia; Crassostrea gigas; Bassin de Marennes Oléron.
Ano: 1988
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00086/19765/17406.pdf

Amélioration du protocole de PCR quantitative pour la détection de l'OsHV1 chez l'huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas, dans le cadre du projet TRIPLOFIMER et suivi d'individus lors du phénomène de mortalité estivale dans le cadre du projet AQUAFIRST
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Riou, Antoine.
Depuis 1991, des épisodes de mortalités massives touchent les élevages ostréicoles français, notamment pour l'espèce Crassostrea gigas. Un des facteurs responsables de ces événements est le virus de l'Herpès de l'huître : Oyster Herpesvirus type 1 ou OsHV-1. Les travaux réalisés au cours de ce stage ont contribué dans un premier temps à l'amélioration du protocole d'analyse basé sur l'utilisation d'un appareil de Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) en temps résel, puis aux analyses et au suivi de la charge virale par cette technique, d'individus entrant dans le cadre des projets - TRIPLOMER et AQUAFIRST-UE. Cette approche permettra par la suite de réaliser des diganostics fiables de la maladie tout en précisant le nombre de copies ADN (Acide...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Protocole; Herpes vrus; PCR quantitative; Huîtres creuses; Crassostrea gigas; Diagnostic.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00033/14459/11761.pdf

Pollutant effects on Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg), hemocytes: Screening of 23 molecules using flow cytometry
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gagnaire, Beatrice; Thomas Guyon, H; Burgeot, Thierry; Renault, Tristan.
The shellfish industry is an important economic activity in France, occurring mostly in estuarine zones subject to pollution due to anthropogenic activities. The harmful effects of pollutants on species inhabiting these estuarine zones are not well known. Among marine species, bivalve mollusks---particularly Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas-may serve a model of interest. The species is sedentary and filter-feeding, which favors bioaccumulation of pollutants in their tissues. Oysters may be suitable for studies on disturbance by pollutants of physiological activities, among which defense mechanisms are poorly documented in bivalves. In this study, effects of pollutants on hemocyte functions were monitored in Pacific oyster, C. gigas. Hemocytes were exposed...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Toxicity; Pesticides; PCBs; PAHs; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oyster; Hemocytes; Flow cytometry; Cellular activities.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-1695.pdf

Detection and distribution of ostreid herpesvirus 1 in experimentally infected Pacific oyster spat
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Segarra, Amelie; Baillon, Laury; Faury, Nicole; Tourbiez, Delphine; Renault, Tristan.
High mortality rates are reported in spat and larvae of Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas and associated with ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1) detection in France. Although the viral infection has been experimentally reproduced in oyster larvae and spat, little knowledge is currently available concerning the viral entry and its distribution in organs and tissues. This study compares OsHV-1 DNA and RNA detection and localization in experimentally infected oysters using two virus doses: a low dose that did not induce any mortality and a high dose inducing high mortality. Real time PCR demonstrated significant differences in terms of viral DNA amounts between the two virus doses. RNA transcripts were detected in oysters receiving the highest dose of viral...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; In situ hybridization; Ostreid herpesvirus 1; Viral DNA; Viral RNA.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00300/41099/40272.pdf

A study of autophagy in hemocytes of the Pacific oyster,   Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Picot, Sandy; Morga, Benjamin; Faury, Nicole; Chollet, Bruno; Dégremont, Lionel; Travers, Marie-agnes; Renault, Tristan; Arzul, Isabelle.
Macroautophagy is a mechanism that is involved in various cellular processes, including cellular homeostasis and innate immunity. This pathway has been described in organisms ranging in complexity from yeasts to mammals, and recent results indicate that it occurs in the mantle of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. However, the autophagy pathway has never been explored in the hemocytes of C. gigas, which are the main effectors of its immune system and thus play a key role in the defence of the Pacific oyster against pathogens. To investigate autophagy in oyster hemocytes, tools currently used to monitor this mechanism in mammals, including flow cytometry, fluorescent microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, were adapted and applied to the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Autophagosome; Autophagy; Crassostrea gigas; Flow cytometry; Fluorescence microscopy; Hemocytes; Transmission electron microscopy.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00487/59905/63087.pdf

Mortalités d'huîtres creuses adultes (Crassostrea gigas) et infection à Vibrio aestuarianus - AESTU
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Travers, Marie-agnes; Degremont, Lionel; De Lorgeril, Julien; Azema, Patrick; Montagnani, Caroline; Benabdelmouna, Abdellah; Nicolas, Jean-louis; Le Roux, Frederique.
En 2012, le nombre de cas de mortalités d’huîtres creuses adultes rapportés dans le cadre du réseau Repamo, et dans lesquels la bactérie Vibrio aestuarianus a été isolée, a fortement augmenté. Afin d’apporter de premiers éléments de réponse concernant cette augmentation, les objectifs de cette étude étaient de déterminer si l’émergence/la ré-émergence de V. aestuarianus était associée (i) à l’apparition d’un génotype bactérien particulier et/ou (ii) à une sensibilité accrue de certains animaux. L’Ifremer dispose d’une collection de souches bactériennes appartenant majoritairement au genre Vibrio et qui comporte différents isolats de V. aestuarianus, collectés depuis 2001 pendant ou hors épisodes de mortalité. La comparaison de ces isolats en termes de...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Vibrio aestuarianus; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Bactérie; Ré-émergenece; Virulence; Génome; Statut immunitaire; Génétique.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00229/34037/32430.pdf

Characterization of summer mortalities of C. gigas oyster in France in relation to environmental parameters
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick; Ropert, Michel; Bedier, Edouard; Costil, K. S.; Dubois, Brice; Degremont, Lionel; Bouget, Jean-francois; Martin, Jean-louis; Enriquez-diaz, M.; Faury, Nicole; Le Moine, Olivier; Renault, Tristan; Gagnaire, Beatrice; Huvet, Arnaud; Moal, Jeanne; Samain, Jean-francois.
Field characterization of summer mortality was performed in France in the frame of the Morest project. Natural and hatchery spat were compared between three oyster production areas in France. Regardless of the natural or hatchery origin, oysters died during the reproduction period after temperature reaches 19 degree C. Thus, in southern areas, temperature accelerated gametogenesis of small spat (10mm) as well as adults, and mortality appeared for the two age classes. In contrast, sexual maturation proceeded more slowly in northern where spat mortality was lower compared to 18 months old oysters. However, critical gametogenesis and temperature were not sufficient to induce mortalities, as observed in examples with stable environment. Alternatively sediment...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Seasonal variation; Oyster culture; Mortality causes; Hatcheries; Gametogenesis; Environmental factors; Crassostrea gigas; Oysters.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/acte-3348.pdf

Approche de la capacité trophique dans le bassin ostréicole (Baie de Bourgneuf)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Haure, Joel; Baud, Jean-pierre.
A hydrobiological study coupled with the evolution of the production of cupped oysters Crassostrea gigas has been carried out from March 1990 to March 1991 on two oyster culture areas (North and South) of the Bay of Bourgneuf. - The northern area is characterized by an environment which is variable though time and composed of a high nutritive and mineral load. This high particular load (average value = 154 mg.l- 1) is linked to meteorological conditions and especially to the wind speed and direction. The individual growth of cultivated oysters is low (i.e.: 58.8 g). - The southern area shows homogenous hydrobiological characteristics throughout the year. The average phytoplanktonic biomass is 4.4 µg.l-l of chlorophyll and the particular load is low...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Hydrobiology; Trophic capacity; Crassostrea gigas; Bay of Bourgneuf; Hydrobiologie; Capacité trophique; Crassostrea gigas; Baie de Bourgneuf.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1995/rapport-6441.PDF

Parental exposure to the herbicide diuron results in oxidative DNA damage to germinal cells of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Barranger, Audrey; Heude-berthelin, Clothilde; Rouxel, Julien; Adeline, Beatrice; Benabdelmouna, Abdellah; Burgeot, Thierry; Akcha, Farida.
Chemical pollution by pesticides has been identified as a possible contributing factor to the massive mortality outbreaks observed in Crassostrea gigas for several years. A previous study demonstrated the vertical transmission of DNA damage by subjecting oyster genitors to the herbicide diuron at environmental concentrations during gametogenesis. This trans-generational effect occurs through damage to genitor-exposed gametes, as measured by the comet-assay. The presence of DNA damage in gametes could be linked to the formation of DNA damage in other germ cells. In order to explore this question, the levels and cell distribution of the oxidized base lesion 8-oxodGuo were studied in the gonads of exposed genitors. High-performance liquid chromatography...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Oxidative stress; DNA damage; Germ cell; Pesticides.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00295/40655/39753.pdf

CARTAMO : CARTographie des Anomalies génomiques dans les gisements naturels d'huîtres creuses du bassin de Marennes Oléron
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Benabdelmouna, Abdellah; Hemissi, Issam.
Depuis son existence, le réseau biovigilance détecte des naissains sauvages issus du captage naturel atteints d'anomalies génomiques dont le taux varie en fonction des années et des sites de captage. Dans d'autres suivis, nous avons montré que ces anomalies génomiques affectant les naissains de C. gigas étaient négativement corrélées avec le niveau de survie des naissains. Dans le contexte des mortalités qui impactent lourdement depuis 2008 les naissains de C. gigas, et compte tenu du fait que les deux principaux bassins naisseurs français, étudiés dans le cadre du réseau Biovigilance, sont à la base de la fourniture de pratiquement les trois quarts des naissains annuellement utilisés, l'occurrence de ces anomalies génomiques mises en évidence dans le...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Anomalies génomiques; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00062/17281/14793.pdf

Suivi pathologique du développement larvaire dans les bassins de Marennes-Oléron et d'Arcachon
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lamothe, Julien.
Des infections à virus de type Herpès sont rapportées chez différentes espèces de mollusques bivalves, à travers le monde. Elles sont associées à de fortes mortalités des larves dans les périodes chaudes de l'année dans des écloseries. Les variations inter-annuelles d'intensité du captage de Crassostrea gigas, et plus particulièrement le déficit de celui-ci en 1998, dans le bassin d'Arcachon, ont conduit à un programme pluriannuel de suivi. Ainsi, l'évolution des populations naturelles de larves d'huître creuse, des deux bassin de captage, Arcachon et Marennes-Oléon, est suivi afin d'expliquer d'éventuelles anomalies du recrutement. Dans ce cadre, la détection du virus de type Herpès sur ces larves du milieu naturel a été effectuée, à partir d'un protocole...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mollusques bivalves; Crassostrea gigas; Huître creuse; Larves; Herpèsvirus; Captage; Mortalités anormales; Epidémiologie.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00368/47926/47955.pdf

Fiches "Programme" par laboratoire. MORtalités ESTivales de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas 2004
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Ifremer.
Programme Morest 2004 Les orientations principales du programme 2004 sont les suivantes:  WP1 - Mise au point d'outils La priorité est le transfert des nouvelles méthodologies vers les autres actions de recherche. On notera en particulier que tous les outils de biologie moléculaire qui ont été développés vont s'attacher à caractériser la physiologie et l'immunité des huîtres résistantes "R" et sensibles "8" dans le milieu ou en expérimentation, ainsi que les aspects associés au stress et aux pathogènes. Ils seront particulièrement utiles pour l'étude des juvéniles, qui est aussi prioritaire, et qui sont trop petits pour certaines analyses conventionnelles. Dans ce volet, la recherche méthodologique se poursuit, en particulier vers la génomique...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: MOREST; Mortalités estivales; Huîtres; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00270/38171/36315.pdf

The Australian mariculture industry: Finfish, molluscs and crustaceans.
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Baker, J; Kenway, M.
Australia's interest in mariculture has been comparatively recent when compared with the developments in many other Pacific countries. Two exceptions are native oysters, cultivated for food since the late 1880's, and pearl oysters which have been cultured, particularly in the northern part of Australia, following the initial work of Saville-Kent.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Australia Coasts; Crustacea; Tridacna gigas; Mytilus edulis planulatus; Pinctada maxima; Ostrea angasi; Crassostrea gigas; Saccostrea commercialis; Mollusca; Coryphaena hippurus; Lates calcarifer; Pisces; Marketing; Economics; Research programmes; Aquaculture development.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1989/acte-1499.pdf

Analyse des pratiques, contraintes et performances d'élevage de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas, en 2001, sur différentes concessions en eau profonde de la Baie de Quiberon : enquête auprès de 18 concessionnaires et plongées sur 18 semis d'huîtres de 2 ans, en juin et octobre 2001
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Mazurie, Joseph; Foucart, Marie; Langlade, Aime; Bouget, Jean-francois; Fleury, Pierre-gildas; Joly, Jean-pierre; Martin, Anne-genevieve.
This study deals with rearing methods, growth and mortality performances, and problems encountered by the oyster farmers from Quiberon Bay (2800 ha of leases) : it relies on a survey achieved in july 2001, about 18 oyster farmers, and 2 diving campaigns (july and october 2001) on 2 years old oyster batches from the same farmers.  The analysed enterprises vary in particular by the location and depth of their concession inside the bay, but also by their rearing scheme : a majority favours seedings with 18 month old oysters or more, according to prices and availability of oysters supplies. The duration until marketable size and mean mortalities seem to have increased since a preceding inquiry in 1986.  The main constraint, affecting priorly the south border...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Rearing practices; Density; Predators; Mortality; Growth; Bay of Quiberon; Crassostrea gigas; Cupped oyster; Pratiques culturales; Densité; Algues; Prédateurs; Mortalité; Croissance; Baie de Quiberon; Crassostrea gigas; Huître creuse.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2002/rapport-6103.pdf

Techniques for delivery of arachidonic acid to Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, spat
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Seguineau, Catherine; Soudant, P; Moal, Jeanne; Delaporte, Maryse; Miner, Philippe; Quere, Claudie; Samain, Jean-francois.
The present study tested two techniques for dietary supplementation of Crassostrea gigas spat with PUFA, such as arachidonic acid (AA). The first technique consisted of a preliminary enrichment and growth of an algal concentrate (T-ISO, Isochrysis sp.) with AA dissolved in an ethanol solution, the whole culture then being fed to the spat. This enrichment increased the AA weight percentage in T-ISO neutral and polar lipids from 0.6 to 22.4% and from 0.4 to 6.8%, respectively. The second delivery technique was direct addition separately of free AA dissolved in ethanol solution and algal concentrate (T-ISO + AA) to the spat-rearing tank. To test the efficiency of these delivery techniques, oyster spat were supplemented with AA-enriched T-ISO, T-ISO + AA, and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Food supply; Arachidonic acid; Spat; Crassostrea gigas; Dietary.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/publication-1094.pdf

Autophagy in Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Moreau, Pierrick; Moreau, Kevin; Morga, Benjamin; Tourbiez, Delphine; Travers, Marie-agnes; Rubinsztein, David; Renault, Tristan.
Mass mortality outbreaks of Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas, are reported in different areas around the world affecting seriously the shellfish aquaculture sector. Two pathogens are associated with these mortality outbreaks, ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1) and Vibrio aestuarianus. In this contexte, a better knowledge is needed in terms of oyster immunity. For this purpose, as an important degradation pathway autophagy was investigated in the Pacific oysters. An in silico research of genes involved in autophagy using the C. gigas genome allowed identification of homologs of ATG1 and ATG8/LC3(Microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3). Gene expression and protein detection were analysed using real-time PCR and western blot, respectively. ATG1 and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Autophagy; Pacific oyster; Crassostrea gigas; OsHV-1; Vibrio aestuarianus.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00218/32876/31345.pdf

Reproduction naturelle de Crassostrea gigas Thunberg dans le bassin de Marennes-Oleron en 1979 et 1981: Aspects biochimiques et energetiques.
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc; Heral, Maurice; Berthome, Jean-paul; Razet, Daniel; Garnier, Jacqueline.
In summer 1979, the natural reproduction of oysters Crassostrea gigas Thunberg, in Marennes-Oleron basin, produced a large number of juveniles which was not the case in summer 1981. If one compares the evolution of the main constituents of the flesh, one can see that, at the beginning of August, before spawning the male oysters in 1981 contained 6,3% less proteins, 34,2% less lipids and 61,2% less glucids than those in 1979 and respectively 12,3%, 21,3% and 69,8% less as far as females are concerned. The energetic value of ash-free dry flesh of female oysters is nearly the same for the two years whereas for male oysters the value is slightly lower in 1981 than in 1979. The total energetic values of male and female oysters show a slight difference between...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Seasonal variations; Food availability; Water temperature; Saccharides; Proteins; Lipids; Biochemical composition; Gametogenesis; Spawning; Sexual reproduction.
Ano: 1981
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1981/publication-1891.pdf

Modélisation de l'affinage de l'huître Crassostrea gigas alimentée avec la diatomée Skeletonema costatum
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Meleder, Vona; Barille-boyer, Anne-laure; Baud, Jean-pierre; Barille, Laurent; Cognie, Bruno; Rosa, Philippe.
The traditional fattening of the oyster Crassostrea gigas in oyster ponds of the French Atlantic Coast is submitted to natural environmental fluctuations. In order to reduce the growth variability of the soft parts of the bivalve, an intensive fattening process was developed, where the conditions of temperature, particulate organic and inorganic matter (POM and PIM) are controlled. This process relies on the production of the diatom Skeletonema costatum, which is then distributed to the oysters at an average concentration of 4–5 mg POM·L–1. An ecophysiological model of the oyster C. gigas, which simulates the evolution of somatic and gonad–reserve compartments, was applied to these conditions in order to analyse the bivalve responses. Experimentation was...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Modélisation; Affinage; Ecophysiologie; Crassostrea gigas; Skeletonema costatum; Modelling; Oyster fattening; Ecophysiology; Crassostrea gigas; Skeletonema costatum.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00021/13248/10285.pdf

Diploid and triploid Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg), reared at two heights above sediment in Marennes-Oleron Basin, France: Difference in mortality, sexual maturation and hemocyte parameters
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gagnaire, Beatrice; Soletchnik, Patrick; Madec, Patrick; Geairon, Philippe; Le Moine, Olivier; Renault, Tristan.
Summer mortality is an important economic concern for the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, industry all over the world and particularly in France. Outbreaks appear when oysters are in gonadal maturation. Bivalve defence mechanisms against pathogen invasion are assumed by circulating cells, the hemocytes. A field experiment was conducted in the Marennes-Oleron Basin (Charente-Maritime, France) in order to monitor hemocyte parameters, gametogenesis and mortality rates among C. gigas during 7 months from March to September 2002. Diploid (from natural bed and from hatchery) and triploid oysters were placed at 15 cm or 70 cm above sediment at Marennes-Oleron Basin. Triploid animals were included because they are considered as sterile animals. Mortality rates...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Sexual maturation; Summer mortality; Triploids; Diploids; Flow cytometry; Hemocyte activities; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oyster.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-2923.pdf

Obtention de souches conchylicoles performantes par polyploïdisation (3ème partie)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gerard, Andre; Peignon, Jean-marie; Ledu, Christophe; Phelipot, Pascal; Noiret, Christophe; Bodoy, Alain; Heurtebise, Serge; Garnier, Jacqueline.
The third part of the polyploidisation program of the main French species of commercial interest, this report presents the actions and results for the year 1991 which was devoted to:- continuation of the development trials of the triploidy induction technique in Ruditapes decussates (i.e. indigenous clam)- production of diploid and triploid populations of Ostrea edulis (i.e. flat oyster)- control of diploid and triploid population performances in cupped oyster and Pacific clam in their natural habitat- continuation of the development of a ploidy control technique through image analysis- beginning of the development of a new polyploidy induction technique in bivalve molluscs
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ruditapes decussatus; Ostrea edulis; Ruditapes philippinarum; Crassostrea gigas; Imagerie numérique; Cytogénétique; Polyploïdie.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/rapport-3857.PDF

Domestication en phase larvaire chez l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas. Effets sélectifs des conditions environnementales appliquées en écloseries sur la diversité génétique
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Sauvage, Christopher.
L'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas est, aujourd'hui, la première espèce ostréicole française avec une production de 140000 tonnes par an. Parallèlement au recrutement naturel, les écloseries produisent aujourd'hui 20% du naissain mis en élevage. Cette production est réalisée dans des conditions assurant une productivité maximale (température supérieure à 25°C, ration alimentaire optimale et tamisage sélectif). Peu de travaux se sont intéressés à l'impact génétique de ces pratiques d'élevage intensif au stade larvaire. Notre étude porte sur l'effet de la température appliquée lors de l'élevage larvaire sur la croissance et la survie et leurs composantes génétiques. Un croisement factoriel de 4 femelles et 12 mâles a été réalisé, en choisissant les géniteurs...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Ecloseries; Croissance; Survie; Température; Microsatellites; Larves; Sélection.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00033/14418/11713.pdf

Suivi national des mortalités au stade naissain d'un lot témoin et d'un lot à survie améliorée pour Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Degremont, Lionel; Maurouard, Elise; Nourry, Max; Seugnet, Jean-luc; Bedier, Edouard; Fleury, Elodie; Langlade, Aime; Pernet, Fabrice; Pouvreau, Stephane; Le Souchu, Pierrick; Normand, Julien; D'Amico, Florence; Rumebe, Myriam; Cantin, Christian; Barret, Jean; Le Gall, Patrik; Baud, Jean-pierre; Cochennec-laureau, Nathalie; Gervasoni, Erika; Pelissier, Pablo.
Ce rapport présente la comparaison des mortalités de deux lots de naissains de Crassostrea gigas dans plusieurs bassins conchylicoles et déterminer le gain de survie obtenu par la sélection pour des huîtres diploïdes
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mortalités; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Sélection génétique; Naissain.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00065/17644/15180.pdf

Estimation des stocks d'huître japonaise en élevage en 1988, dans le bassin de Marennes-Oléron et aspects méthodologiques
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Caryo, Chrystelle.
L'estimation des stocks d'huîtres en élevage dans le bassin de Marennes-Oléron réalisée en 1988 est la cinquième opération annuelle consécutive de ce type. A cette occasion, une comparaison a été réalisée entre deux méthodes de traitement des données de surface ou de longueur d'installation à partir des couvertures photographiques aériennes au 1/10 000ème (surfaces en exploitation) et au 1/1 000ème (taux d'occupation des surfaces en exploitation). Les principaux résultats obtenus lors de cette étude montrent que par rapport à l'année précédente, on constate une relative stabilité des surfaces exploitées. Celles-ci sont en légère régression pour l'élevage à plat, et pratiquement inchangées pour l'élevage en surélévation. Par contre, les densités d'élevage...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ostréiculture; Huître japonaise; Crassostrea gigas; Bassin de Marennes-Oléron; Stocks; Surfaces exploitées; Densités; Biomasse; Méthodologie.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00105/21654/19235.pdf

Caractérisation de bactéries pathogènes, Vibrio splendidus, isolées de bivalves marins
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gay, Melanie; Waechter, Magali; Lambert, Christophe; Escoubas, Jean-michel; Cochennec, Nathalie; Nicolas, Jean-louis; Berthe, Franck; Le Roux, Frédérique.
Nowadays, cupped oyster, Crassostrea gigas, production is the main shellfish production in France. Spats cultivated on most farms are usually collected in the wild, but hatchery spats are becoming more numerous, and represent around 10% of today's cultivated spats. During the summer period, when the temperatures are higher, high mortality rates have been regularly observed in cupped in oyster C. gigas (60 to 100%) spats since 1991, both in hatcheries-nurseries and in their natural habitat. Over the last five years, these episodes have become a big concern for all the professionals.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Pathogène; Vibrio splendidus; Bactériologie.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2001/acte-3277.pdf

Analyse des lots d'huîtres du groupe de travail "Pousse en Claires" : taux de glycogène
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Goulletquer, Philippe; Geairon, Philippe; Gras, Paul.
L'objet du présent rapport est de préciser les caractéristiques biochimiques (i.e., taux de glycogène) des lots d'huîtres ayant préalablement fait l'objet du travail du CREAA. Le sous produit de l'analyse consiste à vérifier si le critère 'taux de glycogène' est discriminant vis à vis de produits commercialisés de même taille et d'établir des relations entre les différents descripteurs des lots.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Biochimie; Glycogène; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00109/22050/19692.pdf

Invasion genetics of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas in the British Isles following its introduction for aquaculture production
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lallias, Delphine; Boudry, Pierre; Batista, Frederico; Beaumont, Andrew; King, J. W.; Turner, J. R.; Lapegue, Sylvie.
The Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, native to northeast Asia, has been translocated widely for the purpose of aquaculture and is among the most important cultured shellfish. C. gigas has a complex history of introductions in Europe. In France, massive introduction was performed in the early 1970’s, allowing massive spatfall in favourable areas to become the basis of the local oyster industry. In the U.K, hatchery propagation was used to supply local production. Some seed was also exported to Northern Europe were demographically independent populations have been reported in the last decades. In the present study 22 sites were sampled in the British Isles, Denmark, France and Spain in order to assess the genetic diversity and population differentiation...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Invasion genetics; Pacific oyster; Crassostrea gigas; British Isles.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00167/27814/26007.pdf

Rapport sur les causes des mortalités d'huîtres creuses observées en juin 1992 sur le Banc de Ronce Les Bains (Bassin de Marennes-Oléron)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Heral, Maurice; Bacher, Cedric; Razet, Daniel; Prou, Jean; Galgani, Francois; Renault, Tristan; Bodoy, Alain; Garnier, Jacqueline; Geairon, Philippe; Chagot, Dominique; Grizel, Henri; Comps, Michel; Masson, Daniel; Noinin, Michel.
Dès le 4 JUIN 1992, un ostréiculteur digne de confiance avait signalé aux services d'IFREMER, une situation anormale sur le banc de Ronce les Bains. Un premier prélèvement a été effectué le jour même. En effet, ce secteur avait déjà été le lieu de mortalités d'huitres estimées à 7 000 tonnes, au printemps 1988, et s'est révélé par le passé comme étant un endroit sensible. Pour information, figure en annexe le rapport établi en 1988, à destination du Préfet de la Charente Maritime. Ces mortalités ayant rapidement pris de l'ampleur, un dépôt de plainte contre X a été effectué par la Section Régionale de la Conchyliculture. A la suite de quoi, les services d'IFREMER ont été requis par la Gendarmerie Nationale (Brigade de Marennes) le 10 juin 1992, pour...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ostréiculture; Huîtres creuses; Crassostrea gigas; Mortalité; Banc de Ronce Les Bains; Bassin de Marennes Oléron.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00048/15899/13327.pdf

Influence of oyster culture on biogeochemistry and bacterial community structure at the sediment-water interface
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Azandegbe, Afi; Poly, Franck; Andrieux, Francoise; Kerouel, Roger; Philippon, Xavier; Nicolas, Jean-louis.
Bacterial community structure and some biogeochemical parameters were studied in the sediment of two Pacific oyster farming sites, Aber Benoît (AB) and Rivière d'Auray (RA) in Brittany (France), to examine the ecological impact of oysters and to evaluate the emission of sulfide and ammonia from sediment. At AB, the organic matter accumulated in the sediment beneath the oyster tables was rapidly mineralized, with strong fluxes of ammonia and sulfide that reached 1014 μmol m−2 h−1 - and 215 μmol m−2 h−1, respectively, in June 2007. At RA, the fluxes were about half as strong on average and better distributed through the year. The ammonia and sulfide concentrations in the overlying water never reached levels that would be toxic to oysters in either site, nor...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Sediment; Biogeochemical parameters; Fluxes; Bacterial structure; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00079/19010/17083.pdf

Etude transcriptomique, génétique et fonctionnelle de la gamétogenèse chez l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bigot, L.; Dubos, M. P.; Dheilly, N.; Favrel, P.; Kellner, K.; Lelong, C.; Martinez, A. S.; Riviere, G.; Santerre, C.; Sourdaine, P.; Degremont, Lionel; Flahauw, Emilie; Hatt, Philippe-jacques; Heurtebise, Serge; Lapegue, Sylvie; Azzouzi, N.; Galibert, F.; Boudry, Pierre; Corporeau, Charlotte; Fabioux, Caroline; Guevelou, Eric; Huvet, Arnaud; Sussarellu, Rossana.
Le projet GAMETOGENES vise à améliorer les connaissances des bases physiologiques et génétiques de la reproduction et des métabolismes associés chez un mollusque d'importance économique l'huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas. Il a pour objectifs (1) la définition de marqueurs clés de la gamétogenèse, de l'investissement reproducteur et du déterminisme du sexe chez une espèce hermaphrodite à protandrie irrégulière (2) la recherche de QTL de survie aux mortalités estivales ou à l'effort de reproduction dont le succès repose sur l'augmentation de la densité de marqueurs sur les cartes génétiques existantes (SNP en particulier) et sur les liens qui pourront être établis entre ces cartes de liaison et une carte physique (3) le développement d'outils pour valider la...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Gamétogenèse; QTL; Marqueur; Physiologie.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00107/21781/19355.pdf

Variabilité et bioénergétique de la reproduction chez l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Enriquez Diaz, Marta Rosalia.
The variability in reproductive cycle of Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, was evaluated in situ (Bay of Veys, BOV and Marennes-Oléron bay, MOB) and in hatchery culture conditions. Two trophic levels were tested over one year: high food level (HFL) and low food level (LFL). We observed that the phytoplanktonic concentration (chlorophyll a) was the principal factor that influenced gametogenesis intensity and duration. The oysters reared within a high trophic ration (BOV and HFL) shown a hyper-gonad development. However, the spawning efficiency was reduced and partial. Therefore, the resorption period was prolonged until winter. Meanwhile, the oysters reared in a low trophic ration (MOB and LFL) produced a normal gonad with a total spawning in summer and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Aquaculture; Crassostrea gigas; Genetic factor; Ecophysiology; Gametogenesis; Aquaculture; Crassostrea gigas; Bilan énergétique; Ecophysiologie; Gamétogénèse.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/these-1095.pdf

Dynamique et enzymologie de la digestion chez l'huitre Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Boucaud, C; Lebesnerais, C; Lubet, P; Lihrmann, I.
Feeding experiments carried out on Crassostrea gigas allowed the authors to set up the stages and the timing of the movement of food throughout the digestive tract. Various activities involved in digestion (glycosidases, esterases, and peptidases) were investigated histochemically in the digestive tract in order to localize the sites of absorption and the sites of protein and carbohydrate digestion. An explicative model of the different stages of digestion is proposed.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Bivalvia; Cytology; Histochemistry; Histology; Digestive system; Enzymatic activity; Digestive glands; Digestion; Enzymes; Transit digestif; Digestion; Huitre; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1983
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1983/acte-1179.pdf

Aquaculture traditionnelle de l'huître creuse (Crassostrea gigas - Thunberg) sur le littoral français. Affinage automnal en bassins semi-fermés (claires ostréicoles)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick; Le Moine, Olivier; Goulletquer, Philippe; Geairon, Philippe; Razet, Daniel; Faury, Nicole; Fouche, Dominique; Robert, Stephane.
L'aquaculture des huîtres est une activité traditionnelle en France depuis le moyen âge. Sur la côte atlantique, dans le bassin de Marennes Oléron, la commercialisation annuelle de C. gigas atteint environ 50 000 tonnes. Cette région bénéficie d'une infrastructure de claires ostréicoles, anciens marais salants, où les huîtres sont affinées avant commercialisation. L'huître est un produit de consommation festif dont les 3/4 se commercialisent durant les fêtes de fin d'année. A l'heure actuelle les techniques d'affinage, visant à améliorer la qualité (goût, coloration, engraissement des huîtres), sont peu fiables. Malgré les aléas météorologiques de la saison automnale, des cultures de diatomées (Skeletonema costatum) sont réalisées avec succès en bassins...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Claires ostréicoles; Affinage; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Marennes Oléron.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00199/31047/29464.pdf

Ostreid herpes virus 1 infection in families of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, during a summer mortality outbreak: Differences in viral DNA detection and quantification using real-time PCR
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Sauvage, Christopher; Pepin, Jean-francois; Lapegue, Sylvie; Boudry, Pierre; Renault, Tristan.
Ostreid herpes virus 1 (OsHV-1) infections, notably reported in Europe and the USA, are closely associated with significant mortalities of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, especially during its early stages of life. In summer 2006, we monitored mortality by strict daily verification of three full-sib families of oysters reared under common conditions. We quantified OsHV-1 using real-time PCR in dead and living individuals during and after a mortality event. Mortality events were severe and brief, but significantly different between tested families (cumulative mortality ranging from 1.2 to 49%). Real-time PCR assays revealed different viral DNA loads in dead individuals from different families (P &lt; 0.001). Moreover, the mean level of infection...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Viral DNA quantification; Real time PCR; OsHV 1; Mortality; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/publication-6265.pdf

Individual growth variation and its relationship with survival in juvenile Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Boudry, Pierre; Collet, B; Mccombie, Helen; Ernande, Bruno; Morand, B; Heurtebise, Serge; Gerard, Andre.
In order to study individual growth variability and its relationship with survival in juvenile Crassostrea gigas, parental oysters were sampled at four sites located along the French Atlantic coast and bred under controlled hatchery conditions. Four groups of larvae were obtained by crossing five males and five females from each of the four sites, and a fifth group by crossing these 20 males and 20 females together in a pool. Larvae were reared under conditions allowing the maintenance of a maximum variability of size and gave five experimental groups. Oysters were individually monitored for growth and survival from 3 to 10 months after fertilization. The individual growth performances were relatively stable over time and no noticeable compensation for...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Survival; Oysters; Growth; Crassostrea gigas; Aquaculture.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/publication-467.pdf

Modulations of the interactions between pacific cupped oyster Crassostrea gigas and Vibrio according to bacterial virulence and to genetic and physiological status of the host : Methodology and first results
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: De Decker, Sophie; Normand, Julien; Duperthuy, Marylise; Boudry, Pierre; Saulnier, Denis.
Rearing of Crassostrea gigas is the most economically important aquaculture activity in France. Bacteria belonging to Vibrio genus constitute one of the most abundant bacterial group in marine ecosystems. Two Vibrio species, V. splendidus and V. aestuarianus, were associated with many cases of mortality events in reared C. gigas spat and juvenile oysters, commonly during summer. This summer mortality syndrome has been extensively documented as the result of complex interactions between pathogens, host and environmental conditions. This work aims to study the Vibrio-host interactions and their modulations according to the virulence of pathogens and the genetic and/or physiological parameters of the host. These factors will be characterized by in vitro and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Genetic; Pathogens; Interaction; Vibrio; Crassostrea gigas; Oyster.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/acte-3430.pdf

Bioactive extracellular compounds produced by the dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum are highly detrimental for oysters
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Castrec, Justine; Soudant, P.; Payton, L.; Tran, D.; Miner, Philippe; Lambert, C.; Le Goic, N.; Huvet, Arnaud; Quillien, Virgile; Boullot, F.; Amzil, Zouher; Hegaret, Helene; Fabioux, C.
Blooms of the dinoflagellate Alexandrium spp., known as producers of paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs), are regularly detected on the French coastline. PSTs accumulate into harvested shellfish species, such as the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, and can cause strong disorders to consumers at high doses. The impacts of Alexandrium minutum on C. gigas have often been attributed to its production of PSTs without testing separately the effects of the bioactive extracellular compounds (BECs) with allelopathic, hemolytic, cytotoxic or ichthyotoxic properties, which can also be produced by these algae. The BECs, still uncharacterized, are excreted within the environment thereby impacting not only phytoplankton, zooplankton but also marine invertebrates and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Harmful algal bloom (HAB); Crassostrea gigas; Paralytic shellfish toxins (PST); Bioactive extracellular compounds (BEC); Histology; Behavior.
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00435/54637/56042.pdf

Développement et survie larvaire chez Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: His, Edouard.
L'huître japonaise, Crassostrea gigas a été introduite dans les centres conchylicoles français principalement à partir de 1971, à la suite de l'épizootie qui a affecté C. angulata. Très rapidement cette nouvelle espèce a colonisé les zones estuariennes du littoral Atlantique français laissées vacantes par l'huître portugaise ; elle se reproduit de l'estuaire de la Bidassoa à celui de la Loire, plus occasionnellement jusqu'en Rade de Brest (LUCAS, communication personnelle). L'influence des principaux facteurs de milieu sur l'embryogénèse et la vie larvaire sera précisée. A l'aide d'exemples précis, celle des facteurs anthropiques sera mise en évidence ; enfin seront exposées les orientations des recherches qui sont développées à Arcachon, à la suite des...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Développement larvaire; Reproduction.
Ano: 1984
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00016/12705/9627.pdf

Utilisation des élevages larvaires de Crassostrea gigas en écotoxicologie marine
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: His, Edouard; Robert, Rene.
The study of the anomalies occurring in the reproduction of Crassostrea gigas in the Arcachon Bay has been addressed through the development of some experimental protocols aimed at highlighting the action of a number of alteragenes on veligeres. The techniques used are described. They are based on the research of the action limits of the products tested on the breeding, formation and growth of oyster larvae. In addition, the sensitivity to micropollutants of the algae the veligere feed on is precised. Finally, larviculture and algae growth monitoring enabled the assessment of the quality of the sea-water and of the sediments in shellfish farming areas.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Chaetoceros calcitrans; Isochysis galbana; Algues unicellulaires; Crassostrea gigas; Larves; Bio essais; Ecotoxicologie.
Ano: 1985
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1985/acte-6184.PDF

Cryopreservation of Crassostrea gigas vesicular cells: Viability and metabolic activity
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Hanquet, Anne-caroline; Kellner, K; Heude, C; Naimi, Amine; Mathieu, M; Poncet, J.m.
Cryopreservation is widely used for long-term conservation of various tissues, embryos or gametes. However, few studies have described cryopreservation of invertebrate primary cell cultures and more particularly of marine invertebrate somatic cells. This technique would however be of great interest to facilitate the study of various metabolic processes which vary seasonally. The aim of the present study was to develop a protocol for cryopreservation of Crassostrea gigas vesicular cells. Different parameters were adjusted to improve recovery of cells after freezing. The most efficient cryoprotectant agent was a mix of Me2SO, glycerol, and ethylene glycol (4% each). The optimal cooling rate was -1 degrees C min(-1) down to -70 degrees C before transfer into...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Glycogen metabolism; Vesicular cells; Cryopreservation; Mollusc; Oyster; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-1938.pdf

Mise en évidence d'une infection rickettsienne chez les huîtres
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Comps, Michel; Bonami, Jean-robert; Vago, Constantin.
Un microorganisme procaryote a été observé dans le cytoplasme des cellules de diverticules digestifs de l'huître Crassostrea gigas . L'étude des caractéristiques du germe permet de considérer celui-ci comme appartenant aux Rickettsiales sans cycle de type chlamydien.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Pathologie; Rickettsie; Histologie.
Ano: 1977
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00041/15241/12559.pdf

Hemocyte characteristics in families of oysters, Crassostrea gigas, selected for differential survival during summer and reared in three sites
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lambert, Christophe; Soudant, Phillippe; Degremont, Lionel; Delaporte, Maryse; Moal, Jeanne; Boudry, Pierre; Jean, Frédéric; Huvet, Arnaud; Samain, Jean-francois.
High variability among individuals is often encountered when hemocyte characteristics are measured in bivalves. Such variability is suspected to result partly from genetic factors. In this study, hemocyte characteristics of six families of Crassostrea gigas were compared by flow cytometry at one sampling date in October 2001. These families were obtained from a nested, half-sibling cross design, and reared from July to October 2001 at three sites distributed along the French Atlantic coast from north to south: Baie des Veys (Normandy), Riviere d'Auray (Brittany) and Ronce (Marennes-oleron Basin, Poitou Charentes).   Among the 15 measured hemocyte characteristics, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) of untreated hemocytes (maintained in filtered...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Genetic; Flow cytometry; Reactive oxygen species ROS; Adhesion; Hemocyte; Crassostrea gigas; Summer mortality.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-3054.pdf

Modelling growth and reproduction of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas: Advances in the oyster-DEB model through application to a coastal pond
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bourles, Yves; Alunno-bruscia, Marianne; Pouvreau, Stephane; Tollu, Guillaume; Leguay, Didier; Arnaud, Christophe; Goulletquer, Philippe; Kooijman, S.
A bio-energetic model, based on the DEB theory exists for the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Pouvreau et al. [Pouvreau, S., Bourles, Y., Lefebvre, S., Gangnery, A., Alunno-Bruscia, M., 2006. Application of a dynamic energy budget model to the Pacific oyster, C. gigas, reared under various environmental conditions. J. Sea Res. 56, 156–167.] successfully applied this model to oysters reared in three environments with no tide and low turbidity, using chlorophyll a concentration as food quantifier. However, the robustness of the oyster-DEB model needs to be validated in varying environments where different food quantifiers reflect the food available for oysters, as is the case in estuaries and most coastal ecosystems. We therefore tested the oyster-DEB...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Coastal Environment; Temperature effect; Food Quantifiers; Crassostrea gigas; Bivalves; Modelling; DEB theory.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/publication-6436.pdf

Approche de l'activité de prédation de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas par les bigorneaux perceurs Ocenebra erinacea et Ocenebra inornata. Régulation des populations de perceurs Ocenebra erinacea et Ocenebra inornata : survie vis-à-vis des températures négatives et action du brûlage sur des pontes naturelles
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Robert, Stephane; Grangere, Karine; Amiot, Jean-baptiste; Le Moine, Olivier; Soletchnik, Patrick; Guilpain, Patrice; Seugnet, Jean-luc; Geairon, Philippe; Goulletquer, Philippe; Razet, Daniel; Faury, Nicole; Garcia-meunier, Pascale; Martel, C.
Parmi les problèmes qui handicapent la production du bassin, la surexploitation du milieu trophique est souvent mise en référence (Bacher 1989, Héral, 1991) de la même façon des mortalités importantes sont régulièrement enregistrées principalement en période estivale Lodato M.I., 1997, Goulettquer, 1998, Soletchnick, 1998, 2000. Depuis la fin des années 1990 la prédation par bigorneaux perceurs est un problème important régulièrement signalé par les professionnels, au point que la section régionale a organisé un ramassage collectif des perceurs en avril 2001 . Ce problème n' est pas nouveau, dans les années 30, la prédation par Ocenebra erinacea était enregistrée pour ses ravages sur les bancs d'élevage de La Rochelle, Bourgneuf ou Arcachon (Robert S., et...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bigorneaux perceurs; Ocenebra erinacea; Ocenebra inornata; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Prédation.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00077/18791/16367.pdf

L'ostréiculture en baie de Bourgneuf. Relation entre la croissance des huîtres  Crassostrea gigas et le milieu naturel : synthèse de 1986 a 1995
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Barille-boyer, Anne-laure; Haure, Joel; Baud, Jean-pierre.
The oyster growth has been studied for a 10 year period, from 1986 to 1995, in four locations of the bay of Bourgneuf (French Atlantic Coast). The relations between oysters growth and the main molluscs stocks (cultivated oysters and wild mussels) or environmental factors (hydrobiology, currents, climatology) are analysed to understand the functioning of this shellfish ecosystem. As the water renewal time is about two months, primary production is essentially autochtonal. Phytoplankton development is controlled by the nutrients brought by the river Loire. An important part of the microalgac is composed by the microphytobenthos resuspended by west wind. High seston concentrations, measured on the North of the bay (150 mg/1 as an average), have a negative...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ecosystème conchylicole; Modèle global de croissance; Baie de Bourgneuf; Crassostrea gigas; Ecosystem; Shellfish culture; Global growth model; Bay of Bourgneuf; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1997/rapport-1633.pdf

Sublethal and histopathological effects of trace levels of tributyltin fluoride on adult oysters Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Chagot, Dominique; Alzieu, Claude; Sanjuan, Jane; Grizel, Henri.
Shell malformations and histological effects of environmental concentrations of TBTF (2, 13.1 and 64.8 ng/!) were assessed on adult oysters Crassostrea gigas during a I-month experiment, incIuding both an exposure and a depuration phase. The results showed that the digestive gland is the primary target organ. Recoverable modifications were observed at the lowest concentration. Limited necrosis was observed at the highest concentration and a longer exposure could have led to extensive and irreversible tissue lesions. Shell malformations (chambering) were observed during the depuration phase. Finally the authors suggest that safe TBT levels in mariculture waters should be lower than 2 ng/l.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Histopathological effects; Crassostrea gigas; Tributyltin; Effets histopathologiques; Crassostrea gigas; Tributylétain.
Ano: 1990
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1990/publication-2754.pdf

Estimation du stock d'huîtres creuses Crassostrea gigas, en élevage en Baie de Cancale, en octobre 2002
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Mazurie, Joseph; Bouget, Jean-francois.
in order to estimate the carrying capacity of Mont Saint-Michel Bay, the stock (or biomass) of cupped oysters, Crassostrea gigas, cultivated intertidally, in Cancale Bay, has been estimated in october 2002. Aerial photographs, at 2 scales (1/10 000 and 1/2000), provided by the mollusc farmers union, have been used to estimate the cumulative length of surelevaged trestles (« tables ») and the occupation rate by oyster bags. A field survey, between the 7th and 9th of october 2002, has been conducted by Ifremer with the help of « Lycée Maritime de Saint-Malo », on 40 sampled stations : 3 subsample bags per station were examined (counts and weights of different age-class oysters). 309 ha out of 333 leased ha were considered exploited (after elimination of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Baie du Mont Saint Michel; Cancale; Crassostrea gigas; Cupped oysters; Production; Biomass; Baie du Mont Saint Michel; Cancale; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres creuses; Production; Biomasse; Stock.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/rapport-5296.pdf

Epizootic diseases of oysters associated with viral infections
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Comps, Michel.
Virus infections have been associated with major diseases of oysters of the genus Crassostrea. These infections include gill necrosis virus and hemocytic infection virus diseases of the Portuguese oyster C. angulata and more recently the oyster velar virus disease affecting larval, hatchery-reared Pacific oysters C. gigas. This report presents histo- and cytopathological characteristics of these infections in which large icosahedral cytoplasmic deoxyriboviruses, similar to the iridoviridae, are implicated, The gill necrosis virus causes, principally in the Portuguese oyster, an evolutive ulceration of the gills, including cellular hypertrophy and severe inflammation. Mortalities have been observed in the most serious cases. Hemocytic infection virus has...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Crassostrea angulata; Oysters; Viral diseases.
Ano: 1988
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1988/publication-5912.PDF

Etude comparée de la croissance de Crassostrea gigas Thunberg dans trois rivières du Morbihan
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Auger, Christian; Grizel, Henri; Tige, Gilbert; Langlade, Aime; Rabouin, Marie-agnès.
Breeding Crassostrea gigas was conducted in three rivers of Morbihan (Brittany France). During one year, every four months, their increasement was examined. In one of these rivers, oysters showed, however their age and their origin, an abnormal increasement. Shells were very thick, with many chambers. At the opposite, in the two others rivers, oysters did not show that disordered state. Shells were sound and their linear increasement was harmonious
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Coquilles; Physiologie; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres.
Ano: 1977
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1977/acte-6245.PDF

Single or dual experimental infections with Vibrio aestuarianus and OsHV-1 in diploid and triploid Crassostrea gigas at the spat, juvenile and adult stages
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Azema, Patrick; Travers, Marie-agnes; Benabdelmouna, Abdellah; Degremont, Lionel.
French production of the Pacific cupped oyster, Crassostrea gigas, is currently threatened by two pathogens, OsHV-1 and V. aestuarianus. While oysters selected for their higher resistance to OsHV-1 are now available for the industry, the impact of V. aestuarianus on such oysters is unknown, especially for triploids. In addition, experimental infection has used the virus or the bacteria alone, but there have been no investigations of dual exposure to these pathogens. This study is the first report of single or dual exposure in spat (Spat1 and Spat2), juvenile and adult naïve oysters. For each of the two stocks evaluated, unselected oysters and oysters selected for their higher resistance to OsHV-1 infection were tested, as well as their triploid siblings of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Vibrio aestuarianus; OsHV-1; Dual exposure; Ploidy; Selection; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00347/45835/45918.pdf

Overwiew on selective breeding and genetic improvement in bivalve shellfish
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Boudry, Pierre.
Dr. Boudry focussed his talk on oysters, which are the most important bivalve species produced world wide (more than 4 million tons). One of the main characteristic of bivalve aquaculture is that most of the juveniles ("seed or "spat") are collected from natural recruitment (e.g. 100% of the European mussel production). Hatchery propagation is used in the case of introduced species (e.g. Crassostrea gigas in USA)  or limited natural recruitment.    The most significant genetic improvement for the production of Pacific oyster (C. gigas) to date has been obtained through the breeding of triploids, especially since the development of tetraploids. Triploidy lead to highly reduced gametogenesis and, as a result better growth and survival.  Many quantitative...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Oyster; Genetic variability; Bivalve shellfish; Selective breeding; Genetic.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/acte-3479.pdf

Influence de la température sur la physiologie de l'huître Crassostrea
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Gall, Jean-luc; Raillard, Olivier.
After four weeks' stabulation, at temperatures ranging from 30°C to 10°C for a given level of food (2.10 cells of Chaetoceros calcitrans.1(-1) ), a study of the growth and evolution of the biochemical contents of the oyster Crassostrea gigas showed a negative effect of high (30°C) and low (10°C) temperatures on growth; levels of total glucid and glycogen were inversely proportional to temperature and related to gametogenesis. At the same time measurements of the filtration rate, respiration and food consumption done at different levels of food (10(6) to 8.10(7) cells.1(-1) showed a better adaptation of the oysters to 20°C after one month.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Filtration rate; Respiration; Food; Temperature; Crassostrea gigas; Filtration; Respiration; Nourriture; Température.
Ano: 1988
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1988/publication-2871.pdf

Effect of orgnotin compounds (TBT) used in antifouling paints on cultured marine molluscs - a literature study
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Heral, Maurice; Alzieu, Claude; Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc.
Organotin salts, used as antifouling substances have a deleterious effect on the environment particularly on molluscs and especially on the Japanese oyster Crassostrea gigas. A synthesis of the effects of tributyltin (TBT) on cultured molluscs reveals the following effects: 1) acute and chronic toxicity to the adults; 2) accumulation in the flesh 01 the adults; 3) perturbation 01 reproduction particularly fertility, mortality 01 offspring and decrease in larval growth rate; 4) decrease in the growth rate 01 juveniles and thickening 01 the shell; and 5) modification 01 the physiology al sublethal levels.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: TBT; Crassostrea gigas; Oyster; Marine molluscs; Organotin.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1989/publication-3016.pdf

Proteomic signatures of the oyster metabolic response to herpesvirus OsHV-1 μVar infection
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Corporeau, Charlotte; Tamayo, David; Pernet, Fabrice; Quere, Claudie; Madec, Stephanie.
Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas were inoculated with OsHV-1 at low load (control) or high load (challenged) to better understand the pathogenesis of ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1 μVar) and to determine which metabolic pathways might be affected during infection. Animals were sampled for proteomic analysis two days post-injection, at the same time as OsHV-1 initiated an intense replication phase in challenged oysters. Twenty-five abundant protein spots that showed a marked change in accumulated levels were identified using a two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) proteomic approach. Overall, these proteins are involved in cytoskeleton organization, protein turnover, induction of stress signals, signalling pathways and energy metabolism. Challenged oysters...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marine bivalves; Crassostrea gigas; Herpesvirus; Metabolism; Warburg.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00199/31035/29439.pdf

Performance of triploid Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg) reared in high carrying capacity ecosystem : survival, growth and proximate biochemical composition
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Goulletquer, Philippe; Joly, Jean-pierre; Gerard, Andre; Le Gagneur, Eric; Moriceau, Jacques; Peignon, Jean-marie; Heurtebise, Serge; Phelipot, Pascal.
Triploid oysters Crassllstrea gigas were: produced in 1990 by treating fertilized eggs with cytochalasin B (CS). Triploids, treated diploids, and controls were deployed early 1991 in a high carrying capacity ecosystem on the Eastern Coast of Normandy (France). A monthly monitoring in 1992 showed that triploids yielded significantly higher growth rate and biochemical composition. However, growth was more heterogeneous. No evidence was found for a length or weight bimodal frequency distribution within triploid groups after a 26 months rearing cycle. Triploids showed retardation of gametogenesis. Carbohydrates content in triploids remained almost constant (40%) from June to September. Their survival rates were significantly lower than controls. Moreover...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Biochemical compostion; Survival; Carrying capacity; Triploid; Growth; Oysters; Crassostrea gigas; Composition biochimique; Survie; Capacité trophque; Triploïdes; Croissance; Huîtres; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1996/publication-3088.pdf

Le risque thermique : caractérisation des environnements thermiques des 3 sites atliers de MOREST en lien avec les mortalités observées sur le terrain
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Ropert, Michel; Rauflet, Fabienne; Soletchnik, Patrick; Geairon, Philippe; Bedier, Edouard; Bouget, Jean-francois.
Temperature affects undoubtedly the 3 working sites where, systematically, the observation of the first abnormal mortalities coincides with a water temperature of around 19°C. The nature of the processes implied could have a "cumulative" effect, affecting the physiology (this phenomenon has been observed with other marine species) or a "threshold" effect, acting only as a trigger. The question has not been answered yet. The kinetics of the thermic evolution around the mortality period has to be studied in depth in order to understand if this temperature acts more as an "associated factor", during a chronic stress period, or during an acute stress, as suggested by the "on-bottom/off bottom" mortality model of the Marennes Oléron Bay [12].
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: MOREST; Mortalité; Stress; Température; Risque thermique; Physiologie; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/acte-3408.pdf

Dynamiques des productions et des biomasses des huîtres creuses cultivées (Crassostrea angulata et Crassostrea gigas) dans le bassin de Marennes-Oléron depuis un siècle
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Heral, Maurice; Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc; Prou, Jean.
The evolution of the production of cupped oysters is estimated on a century (1885-1985) with three different sources of data. The total biomass in culture is calculated from productions by knowing regularly the growing rate and the mortality rate of the populations of oysters. It appears that the efficiencies of the culture (P/B) decrease when the stock increase. The production reaches a plateau maximum of 40 000 tons whereas the stock goes on to growth up to 200 000 tons. This plateau correspond to the maximal capacity of production of the ecosystem limited by the trophic capacities of the bay. This work shows that without management of the cultivated oysters, the stocks tend to exceed the minimal biomass which is necessary to reach the maximal potential...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Biomasse; Marennes Oléron; Huîtres; Crassostrea angulata; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1986
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1986/acte-2965.pdf

La détection des pontes dans le milieu naturel : application de l'ostréographie à l'étude de la reproduction des huîtres
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: His, Edouard.
L'activité valvaire particulière qui accompagne la ponte chez les Crassostrea sp. permet de déceler le frai de ces huîtres. La possibilité de contrôler le comportement des mollusques par ostréographie dans le milieu naturel, est mise à profit pour déterminer la date exacte du frai. Les résultats ainsi obtenus renforcent les indications fournies par les données traditionnelles des examens de maturité sexuelle et de numération de larves dans le plancton . Un exemple basé sur les observations réalisées au cours de la saison de reproduction de 1974 dans le bassin d'Arcachon le confirme.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ostréographie; Reproduction; Crassostrea gigas; Huître.
Ano: 1975
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1975/acte-7375.pdf

REseau MOllusques des Rendements Aquacoles huitre creuse (REMORA) ; résultats des stations NATIONALES ; Année 2001
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Fleury, Pierre-gildas; Cornette, Florence; Claude, Serge; Palvadeau, Hubert; Robert, Stephane; D'Amico, Florence; Le Gall, Patrik; Vercelli, Catherine; Pien, S.
The monitoring network IFREMER /REMORA is assessing, on a yearly basis, mortality, growth and quality criteria of two oyster batches ("juveniles" = one-year old ; and "adults" = two-years old), distributed among various stations of the main French oyster areas. Samplings are carried out in March, June, September and December. This network is a tool for trend estimations (geographic and chronological, on the national scale) ; it must not be considered as an accurate estimation of professional oyster ongrowings. In 2001, mortality mainly occured in Summer on "adults" in baie des Veys (Normandy) and on juveniles in Cancale and Pénerf (Brittany) and in Fouras and Marennes (Poitou-Charentes). With an average individual weigh of 59 g in December, 2001 has been a...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Polydora; Quality; Growth; Mortality; Crassostrea gigas; Cupped (gigas) oyster; France; REMORA; Polydora; Qualité; Croissance; Mortalité; Crassostrea gigas; Huître creuse; France; REMORA.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/rapport-2438.pdf

Optimization of triploid induction by the use of 6-DMAP for the oyster Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gerard, Andre; Naciri, Yamama; Peignon, Jean-marie; Ledu, Christophe.
A novel method using 6-dimcthylaminopurinc (6-0MAP) has recently been demonstrated to be a good triploid inductor for bivalve molluscs. The effects of 6-DMAP concentration, timing of treatment after fertilization and treatment duration on survival and triploid induction of Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg) embryos were examined. An influence of sperm concentration was also detected and discussed. Survival to D-stage was inversely related to 6-DMAP concentration and the percentage of triploids was shown to be 6-DMAP dose dependent. Two optimal moments for treatment application were determined corresponding to extrusions of the first and second polar bodies. Optimal treatment of 450 µmol/l 6-DMAP beginning 15 min after fertilization over a 10 min period yielded...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Genetic; Triploid induction; Crassostrea gigas; 6 DMAP; Triploid; Oysters.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1994/publication-3198.pdf

Contributions du Laboratoire Conchylicole de Normandie (LCN) au défi MOREST en 2002
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Ropert, Michel; Simonne, Charlotte; Hugonnet, Virginie; Le Gagneur, Eric; Kopp, Joel.
This report present results obtained by the LCN in coastal Ecology of the MOREST program. Most of works presented here have been realised in collaboration with different partners who are cited before each action. This report is divided in 8 parts in 3 themes. WP2 : Characterisation of in-situ summers mortalities • Task 2.2.1. : dynamics of mortality, reproduction and spawning. lntersite comparisons (BASE) • Task 2.2.4 : study of the summer mortalities dynamics of Crassostrea gigas in Bay of Veys (SUMO) WP4 : Experimental tests to cast off summer mortalities problem • Task 4.3.: reduce the critical period before laid: induce oyster laid in the Bay of Veys. • Task 4.4.1.: effects of transfer livestock on summer mortalities : move oysters before the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Mortalité; MOREST; Baie de Veys; Normandie; Crassostrea gigas; Mortality; MOREST; Bay of Veys; Normandy.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00436/54780/56238.pdf

Mortalité printanière et estivale de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas dans le Bassin de Marennes-Oléron (Banc de Ronce-Perquis)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Remoue, Sophie.
Le banc ostréicole de Ronce-Perquis au sud du bassin de Marennes-Oléron (Charente), constitue un site atelier expérimental pour l'étude des mortalités printanière et estivale de l'huître creuse Crassastrea gigas. L'étude d'une durée de 5 mois a été effectuée sur quatre lots d'huîtres captées et élevées sur des bancs ostréicoles différents, puis placés en élevage sur un même site. Le taux de mortalité des élevages d'huîtres à plat (de 22 à 50 %) est supérieure à celle des élevages sur table (inférieure à 15 %). Le lot le plus jeune, Bartleur, qui présente une faible mortalité cumulée, résiste le mieux à la période d'acclimatation des élevages. Après une phase de "rémission" de la mortalité (mi-avril mi-mai), deux épisodes de mortalité apparaissent...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huître; Crassostrea gigas; Mortalité; Croissance; Composition biochimique; Marennes-Oléron.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00412/52359/53147.pdf

Genetic basis of growth, survival and their plasticity in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Ernande, Bruno; Boudry, Pierre; Heurtebise, Serge; Haure, Joel; Martin, Jean-louis.
Introduction : Growth and survival are the life-history traits of the most interest for oyster production since they determine biomass output (growth x survival). This study aimed to investigate whether there is genetic basis for growth, survival and their plasticity to know if a selection program is conceivable for these traits. Material and Methods : Nested half-sibs mating design was used to produce families of oysters: 5 males were each mated to three females producing 5 half-sibs families, each containing 3 full-sib families. At 15 months of age (May 1999), each full-sibs family was randomly split into five groups which were given different treatments. Two groups were placed in a constant environment: one with low food resources and another with high...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Genotyic; Plasticity; Survival; Growth; Genetic; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oyster.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2000/acte-3498.pdf

Variabilité génétique des stocks d'huîtres dans les Pertuis charentais
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Cornette, Florence; Lapegue, Sylvie.
Afin de fiabiliser l'approvisionnement en juvéniles de bivalves dans les Pertuis charentais, une information importante à prendre en compte est l'origine des naissains captés. Ainsi, afin de tenter de déterminer la provenance du naissain capté dans chaque zone des Pertuis charentais, l'objectif de l'action Vargenet « Variabilité génétique des stocks d'huîtres dans les Pertuis charentais» est de déterminer si l'outil génétique peut être envisagé en complément des données de suivi de stocks et de modélisation. Pour cela, il est nécessaire de savoir si les stocks sauvages présents dans ces zones peuvent être différenciés génétiquement. Si c'est le cas, les cohortes de naissain captées pourraient alors être assignées à un stock parental, ce qui permettrait...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Variabilité génétique; Naissain; Stocks sauvages; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Pertuis Charentais; Charente-Maritime.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00055/16661/14154.pdf

Ostreid herpesvirus 1 infection in farmed Pacific oyster larvae Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg) in Korea
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Hwang, J. Y.; Park, J. J.; Yu, H. J.; Hur, Y. B.; Arzul, Isabelle; Couraleau, Yann; Park, M. A.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Korea; Ostreid herpesvirus 1; Pacific oyster.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00162/27276/26231.pdf

The Pacific Oyster Mortality Syndrome, a Polymicrobial and Multifactorial Disease: State of Knowledge and Future Directions
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Petton, Bruno; Destoumieux Garzon, Delphine; Pernet, Fabrice; Toulza, Eve; De Lorgeril, Julien; Degremont, Lionel; Mitta, Guillaume.
The Pacific oyster (Crassostreae gigas) has been introduced from Asia to numerous countries around the world during the 20th century. C. gigas is the main oyster species farmed worldwide and represents more than 98% of oyster production. The severity of disease outbreaks that affect C. gigas, which primarily impact juvenile oysters, has increased dramatically since 2008. The most prevalent disease, Pacific oyster mortality syndrome (POMS), has become panzootic and represents a threat to the oyster industry. Recently, major steps towards understanding POMS have been achieved through integrative molecular approaches. These studies demonstrated that infection by Ostreid herpesvirus type 1 µVar (OsHV-1 µvar) is the first critical step in the infectious process...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Pacific oyster mortality syndrome; Polymicrobial disease; Multifactorial disease; Crassostrea gigas; OsHV-1; Opportunistic bacterial pathogens.
Ano: 2021
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00679/79158/81669.pdf

Résumé général : mortalité d'huîtres sur les bancs de Ronce et Perquis, valorisation des claires ostréicoles - optimisation de l'affinage
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Goulletquer, Philippe.
Ce programme fait l'objet d'un effort de recherches croissant depuis 1995. On peut rappeler que la première année d'étude s' est focalisée sur l'enregistrement des conditions environnementales au moyen d' une sonde SUBER et de l'étude des conditions de maturation des huîtres. Le programme 1997 a consisté à vérifier cette hypothèse de travail par une étude in situ d' une population homogène d' huîtres réparties (en une à une) à plat et en surélevé sur 15 sites géographiques couvrant l'ensemble des bancs de Ronce Perquis selon une distribution est-ouest et bathymétrique. Concernant la valorisation des claires ostréicoles - Optimisation de l'affinage, l'objectif de ce programme est d'analyser le fonctionnement du marais ostréicole traditionnel afin de mieux...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ostréiculture; Mortalité; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Claires ostréicoles; Marennes Oléron.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00076/18764/16335.pdf

Mise au point d'outils de gestion des gamètes mâles d'huîtres creuses Crassostrea gigas diploïdes et tétraploïdes à des fins de conservation et de diffusion
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Brizard, Raphael; Boudry, Pierre; Haffray, Patrick; Labbe, C.; Suquet, Marc; Robert, Rene; Masse, G.; Pepin, Jean-francois; Saulnier, Denis.
In order to improve oyster culture, many research programs try and propose new methods aiming at improving genetically the product performances and quality (selection, polyploidisation). As for terrestrial animal production, the continuity of the different works as well as the spreading of the genetical progress would be made easier by the development of conservation techniques of the selected genotypes. Cryopreservation, which is often used in selection programs of terrestrial animals or fish farming species, is not always available for bivalves. This technique would enable the conservation of the gametes of individuals selected for their high growth potential, their resistance to diseases and/or their quality for a smaller cost and less risks than the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Tetraploïde; Diploïde; Concervation; Spermatozoides; Cryoconservation; Génétique; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/acte-3339.pdf

Etude du polymorphisme des gènes de l'amylase chez Crassostrea gigas : relation avec les paramètres physiologiques de l'assimilation et croissance
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Degremont, Lionel; Moal, Jeanne; Daniel, Jean-yves; Boudry, Pierre; Van Vormhoudt, A.; Sellos, D.; Samain, Jean-francois.
In the scope of the European program GENEPHYS, which aims to establish the relationship between the genetic base and the physiological characters in relation to the growth in Crassostrea gigas, it has been demonstrated that the most explanatory factors for the growth variability are assimilation performance and aneuploidy. A model linking the assimilation performances and the digestive equipment has been set up and more than 70% of the variability can be explained by two digestive enzymes: laminarinase and amylase. A number of laboratories have decided to focus on the latter.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Croissance; Génétique; Polymorphisme; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2001/acte-3269.pdf

Suivi de la reproduction de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas Secteur de Fouras 2000
Provedor de dados: 5
In the framework of the actions conducted by the Ifremer for Regional Shellfish Culture Section of Ré Centre-Ouest in 2000, the DEL coastal laboratory of La Rochelle carried out a monitoring of the reproduction of the cupped oyster "Crassostrea gigas" in Fouras. This report briefly presents the obtained results.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marennes Oléron; Captage; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres; Reproduction.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2000/rapport-6572.PDF

The food quality of Tetraselmis suecica slurry for Crassostrea gigas spat
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Robert, Rene; Parisi, Guilina; Pastorelli, Roberta; Poli, Bianca Maria; Tredici, Mario.
In an attempt to provide cost-effective alternatives to live microalgae and to simplify hatchery-nursery procedures, concentrated microalgae appear to be very promising. Due to its high preservation ability, Prasinophytes appear to be good candidates for such alternative diets. Nevertheless, in a previous study the utilization of Tetraselmis suecica was only conceivable for old Crassostrea gigas larvae. In the present work its nutritional quality has been accordingly searched on ]apanese oyster's juveniles. Whatever the assemblages and condition, fresh or preserved microalgae, T. suecica did not allow an adequate postlarval development in C. gigas.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Nutritional quality; Crassostrea gigas; Tetraselmis suecica; Microalgae; Valeur alimentaire; Crassostrea gigas; Tetraselmis suecica; Microalgues.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2002/publication-6202.PDF

Essais d'affinage en mer ouverte d'huîtres creuses Crassostrea gigas issues de l'étang de Thau
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Oheix, Jocelyne; Coatanea, Denis.
Mud blisters related to the Parasite worm Polydora or to the presence of TBT in the Thau Basin waters depreciate the market value of the oysters produced in this lagoon. A solution to this problem was searched by immersing during 1 to 3 months the oysters in the open sea before being marketed, this shell improvment operation being called "affinage en mer". The objective or this study carried out over 2,5 months in automn '1991 was to quantify possible differences, biometrical or biochemical, between oyster immersed for "affinage" on bottom open-sea structures, or remained for a normal cultivation .in the Thau lagoon. No significant differences were measured, although the external aspect of shells was modified for open sea oysters. Complementary studies at...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bivalves; Crassostrea gigas; Affinage; Mer ouverte; Méditerranée; Bivalves; Crassostrea gigas; Fattening; Off-Shore; Mediterranean.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00436/54764/56214.pdf

Is fertility of hybrids enough to conclude that the two oysters Crassostrea gigas and Crassostrea angulata are the same species?
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Huvet, Arnaud; Gerard, Andre; Ledu, Christophe; Phelipot, Pascal; Heurtebise, Serge; Boudry, Pierre.
The distinction of the two cupped oysters Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg, 1793) and Crassostrea angulata (Lamark, 1819) into two species was chiefly due to their differing geographical distributions, C. gigas being present in Asia and C. angulata in Europe. Today it is commonly accepted that C. angulata and C. gigas are a single species according to morphological, genetic and F1 hybridization data. However, the demonstration of the fertility of their hybrids and the absence of any reproductive isolation remained to be investigated. Consequently, we studied the fertility of hybrids and sperm competition by performing three different experiments and producing G1 and G2 hybrid progenies between wild populations of C. angulata and C. gigas. Progenies showed very...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea angulata; Crassostrea gigas; Developmental yields of larvae; Fertility; Controlled crosses; Hybridization.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2002/publication-1395.pdf

A literature review as an aid to identify strategies for mitigating ostreid herpesvirus 1 in Crassostrea gigas hatchery and nursery systems
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Rodgers, Chris; Arzul, Isabelle; Carrasco, Noèlia; Furones Nozal, Dolores.
An understanding of husbandry strategies and any associated risk factors is important for designing management control measures that can reduce mortality in Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas, caused by ostreid  herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1). The type of culture facility can be considered in relation to the potential pathways that could lead to the entry of a pathogen and its survival. In addition, the animal host (e.g. age, physiological state,  selective breeding programmes), husbandry procedures (e.g. stocking density), the pathogen itself (e.g. pathogenicity, virulence) and environmental effects (e.g. temperature) represent other relevant interconnected factors. However, all these factors provide valuable background information for outlining the mitigation...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Husbandry; Management strategies; Ostreid herpesvirus 1; Oyster herpesvirus; Risk factors.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00474/58581/61146.pdf

Oocyte activation in Mytilus edulis by Crassostrea gigas spermatozoa
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Mccombie, Helen; Cornette, Florence; Beaumont, Andy; Boudry, Pierre.
The development of hatchery production techniques for blue mussels is receiving increased research attention in Europe as it could offer an alternative source of spat for the industry ('Blue Seed' Project, Kamermans ICSR 2007). Among the necessary techniques are those of controlled spawning and fertilization, and techniques of triploidisation that can offer increased seasonal availability, yield and/or decreased growing time in the subsequent production stages. In several experiments, Mytilus edulis oocytes, obtained by thermally induced spawning, were fertilized with Mytilus edulis spermatozoa obtained in the same way or by stripping.  Parallel treatments examined the effect of mixing Mytilus edulis oocytes with spermatozoa stripped from the Pacific...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Stripping; Spermatozoa; Crassostrea gigas; Mytilus edulis; Ooctye.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/acte-3460.pdf

Impact of diuron on aneuploidy and hemocyte parameters in Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bouilly, Karine; Bonnard, Marc; Gagnaire, Beatrice; Renault, Tristan; Lapegue, Sylvie.
Diuron is a substituted urea herbicide used for agricultural and nonagricultural weed control. Its widespread use and relatively slow breakdown led us to analyze its influence on aneuploidy level (lowered chromosome number in a percentage of somatic cells) and hemocyte parameters in Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas. Adult oysters were subjected to two diuron concentrations (300 ng L-1 and 3 mu g L-1) for 11 weeks. Significantly higher aneuploidy level was observed in diuron-treated oysters compared with the control. Furthermore, the observed impact on aneuploidy persisted to the next generation as offspring exhibited significantly higher aneuploidy levels when their parents had been exposed to diuron. Significant increases in hemocyte parameters (cell...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Diuron; Herbicide impact; Cytometry; Hemocyte; Aneuploidy; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-2178.pdf

Environment and immunomodulation : effects of the soluble fraction of Norwegian heavy fuel on the immune system of Pacifc oyster, Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bado-nilles, Anne; Auffret, Michel; Quentel, Claire; Le Floch, Stéphane; Arzel, Jacqueline; Gagnaire, Beatrice; Renault, Tristan; Thomas-guyon, Hélène.
Estuaries and coastal areas are often subjected to much pollution, including pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) produced by anthropic activities. Bay of Marennes-Oléron is an estuarine coastal zone in which there is a high level of aquacultural production and this has adverse effects in aquatic organisms. In fact, PAHs, which are widely spread throughout aquatic ecosystems, have a low polarity and so there is a clear tendency to bioaccumulate in marine organisms (1). The harmful effects of such contaminants on the organism's immune system, leading to a decreased resistance to pathogens, is a relatively new area of research and it still poorly understood. The aim of the present work was to detect the impact in vivo of PAHs on the immune...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: PaHs; Contamination; Crassostrea gigas; Oyster.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/acte-3428.pdf

Effets d'un mélange de pesticides sur les hémocytes d'huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas.
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gagnaire, Beatrice; Geret, Florence; Haure, Joel; Martin, Jean-louis; Burgeot, Thierry; Thomas-guyon, Hélène; Renault, Tristan.
Shellfish industry is often realised in estuarine areas, subjected to pollutions due to agricultural activities. The harmful effects of pesticides on animals inhabiting these estuarine zones are poorly documented. Bivalve molluscs represent an interesting model because they are sedentary and they filter water intensively. Effects of pesticides on haemocytes functions were tested in Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas and analysed by flow cytometry. A combination of pesticide at environmental concentrations was tested in vivo. Animals used corresponded to two genetically selected populations produced in hatchery.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Haemocytes; Flow cytometry; Pesticides; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/acte-924.pdf

Effet des biodépôts de l'huître Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg) sur l'accumulation de matières organiques dans les parcs du bassin de Marennes-Oléron
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Sornin, Jean-marc; Feuillet, Michelle; Heral, Maurice; Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc.
The accumulation of biodeposits brings about geochemical modifications of the underlying sediment, that are noticeable. The increase can reach 83% of the amount of organic carbon. By catching the deposits on the spot and by gathering them directly from the oyster tables we get a daily deposit that can weigh, according to season, between 8 and 99 g of carbon a square meter. The recycling of important quantities of organic matter increase the oxygen needs and the most reducing environment provides opportunities for ammonification and reduction of sulfate into sulfur. So we can consider that there is as much as 4 times more sulfurous hydrogen in intensive oyster-growing areas. This output of sulfurs seems to cause the oyster filtration some damage (Ito et...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marennes Oleron; Sediment; Oysters; Physiology; Filtration; Biodeposits; Crassostrea gigas; Marennes Oléron; Sédiment; Huître; Physilogie; Filtration; Biodépôts; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1983
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1983/acte-2955.pdf

ReMoNor : Mise en place et premier bilan du Reseau Mollusque de NORmandie (1998-1999)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Ropert, Michel; Blin, J.l.; Cornette, Florence; Pacary, S; Pien, S; Leganeur, E; Kopp, Joel; Richard, O.
Since 1998, a growth and quality monitoring study of reared molluscs has been developped as part of a close collaboration between the Shellfish Research Laboratory of Normandy (IFREMER Port-en-Bessin, Calvados) and the SMEL (Syndicat Mixte d'Expansion du Littoral) Experimental Centre (Blainville, Manche). REMONOR (REseau MOllusque de NORmandie) is based on the experience gained through the national monitoring network REMORA, which protocol has been entirely applied. Adults and spat of Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas were placed in 13 stations all along the oysters rearing areas of Normandy. These oysters had the same origin and history (i.e. age and weight) until they were dispatched on the 13 stations. 4 essential criteria were used to monitor rearing...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: REMORA; Quality; Growth; Mortality; Normandy; REMONOR; Crassostrea gigas; REMORA; Croissance qualité; Mortalité; Basse Normandie; REMONOR; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2000/rapport-2248.pdf

Summer mortality of Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg) in relation to environmental rearing conditions
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick; Lambert, Christian; Costil, Katherine.
The purpose of this study is to investigate summer mortality of the cupped oyster, Crassostrea gigas, in relation to culture practices in the traditional oyster production region of Marennes-Oleron (France). Four oyster rearing conditions, varying culture location ("on-" or "off-bottom"), and site depth (65% to 80% daily immersion termed "deep" or 45% to 65%, termed "shallow") were studied to compare biologic performance and maturation status of oysters, in relation to sediment and water column parameters. The most severe mortality occurred in June to July in "on-bottom" reared oysters (25%), as compared with 10% mortality in "off-bottom" cultured oysters. Oysters (shell and meat) grew significantly better when reared "off-bottom" than "on-bottom."...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Summer mortality; Hydrology; Sediment; Marine ecosystem; Marennes Oleron Bay; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/publication-3171.pdf

Mapping QTL for resistance to summer mortality in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Sauvage, Christopher; Heurtebise, Serge; De Koning, D.; Haley, Chris; Boudry, Pierre; Lapegue, Sylvie.
Summer mortalities of the Pacific cupped oyster Crassostrea gigas have been described in the literature for decades. One solution to overcome this problem would be to select animals more tolerant to summer mortalities, as this trait was shown to be highly heritable (Degrémont, 2003). Such selective breeding would strongly benefit from the identification of markers associated to the resistance to allow the development of markers assisted selection. Recently, a set of a new kinds of markers (SNPs) have been developed in the Pacific oyster. These markers were identified and characterized in several genes involved in the immune response and energetic pathways (Sauvage, 2007). In this context, the mapping of SNPs, of 16 new EST-SSR based markers and of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mortality; Genetic; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oyster; Mapping QTL.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/acte-3504.pdf

Conséquences génétiques de la production intensive de larves d'huîtres en écloserie : étude des processus de dérive et de sélection liés aux pratiques d'élevage.
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Taris, Nicolas.
In order to study the genetic influence of intensive production of the larval stage in commercial hatcheries, two types of specific selective processes were examined: the effects of discarding the smallest larvae and temperature. A mixed-family approach was used in order to infer the genetic composition of the larvae.  The results show that our mixed-family approach, combined with microsatellite-based family assignment, is a powerful tool for the study of bivalve larvae genetics. Selective sieving is an advantageous practice at a phenotypic scale, but also represents a substantial risk for diversity loss. The culled larvae are important for the minimization of the variability in reproductive success and the maximization of broodstock genetic diversity....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Hatchery; Oyster; Genetic diversity; Selection domestication; Larvae; Crassostrea gigas; Ecloserie; Huître; Diversité génétique; Sélection domestication; Larve; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/these-976.pdf

Use of dynamic energy budget and individual based models to simulate the dynamics of cultivated oyster populations
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bacher, Cedric; Gangnery, Aline.
We successfully tested a Dynamic Energy Budget (DEB) model of the oyster Crassostrea gigas using published environmental data and growth data collected in Than lagoon (France). Estimates of most DEB parameters were based on independent datasets and only two parameters were calibrated using our datasets: the shape parameter, which was used to convert body volume into shell length, and the half-saturation coefficient, which controlled the functional response of assimilation to food concentration, represented by chlorophyll-a concentration. The DEB model proved to be robust and generic: it was able to reproduce oyster growth in Than lagoon and other ecosystems. We also assessed population dynamics by coupling DEB equations and an Individual Based Model (IBM)...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Thau Lagoon; Growth variability; Harvested production; Dynamic Energy Budget; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-2329.pdf

Valeurs caloriques de la chair de l'huître Crassostrea gigas Thumberg : estimation directe et biochimique
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc; Heral, Maurice.
Caloric values of the ash-free dried sofkt parts of Crassostrea gigas have been characterized, according to season using a microcalorimeter and biochemical composition. This study shows the difference between the two methods. A conversation factor (8,63 kcal-gr(-1) has been determined for lipid of pacific oyster. Thix work shows that reproduction implies a loss of energy (53% to 63%) for non juvenile oysters. The increase of energetic level necessary to growth is more important for juvenile oysters and is upper than what is lost for reproduction.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Lipid; Energetic level; Crassostrea gigas; Oysters; Lipide; Teneur énergétique; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres.
Ano: 1980
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1980/acte-3162.pdf

Estimation de la biomasse d'huîtres non cultivées dans le bassin de Marennes-Oléron
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Prou, Jean; Pouvreau, Stephane; Renaud, Vivian.
In the Marennes-Oléron oyster culture basin, the cultivated oyster stock shows an unbalanced age distribution: 25 000 to 30 000 tonnes are commercialized each year for a total cultivated biomass of 95 000 tonnes (1993). The biological overexploitation of the basin requires a reduction of the stock in order to get back to productivity rates that are compatible with the restrictions of the oyster market. This study gives an estimated natural deposit biomass of around 3 000 tonnes. An estimate of the abandoned and wild oyster biomass shows that 20 000 tonnes of these animals can be considered as competitors to cultivated oysters. [...].
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bassin Marennes Oléron; Echantillonnage; Estimation; Répartition spatiale; Typologie; Biomasse; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1994/rapport-4741.PDF

Rapport d'activité année 1979 de l'Inspection Principale de La Tremblade
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Coeurdacier, Jean-luc.
Rapport sur l'activité du Laboratoire "Inspection Principale de La Tremblade" de l'année 1979
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Contrôle sanitaire; Gisements naturels; Reparcage; Epuration; Bactériologie; Crassostrea gigas; Marennes Oléron.
Ano: 1979
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00070/18087/15635.pdf

Etudes préliminaires des potentialités nutritives dans le bassin de Marennes-Oléron
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Heral, Maurice.
Various methods are briefly described for the study of an oyster population from the point of view of energy : biomass, growth mortality, reproduction and respiration. The oyster population is observed in its ecosystem, and every food source of the oyster is described, along with the means of study that are put into practice. The numerous competitions with oysters are mentioned as that they can be taken into account in further studies
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marennes Oléron; Mortalité; Croissance; Biomasse; Bilan énergétique; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres.
Ano: 1977
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1977/acte-6259.pdf

Influence des facteurs environmentaux sur l'aneuploïdie chez l'huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Baffard, Vincent.
Différents travaux menés depuis 1984 chez l'huître creuse en particulier, montrent qu'i existe, dans les branchies (Thiriot-Quiévreux C., 1982), une certaine proportion de cellules possédant un nombre de chromosomes inférieur au nombre habituel 2N=20. Ce phénomène est l'aneuploïdie. Cette anomalie cytogénétique est mise en évidence par un comptage de chromosomes d'une suspension cellulaire obtenue à partir de branchies. Il est apparu que le taux d'aneuploïdie affectait négativement les taux de croissance (Leitao &amp; al. 2001). Il existe deux types d'origines possibles à l'aneuploïdie. La première peut être génétique (Leitao &amp; al. 2001), et la seconde environnementale. L'effet de l'atrazine sur l'aneuploïdie a déjà fait l'objet de travaux. Il existe...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Aneuploïdie; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Mercure; Cadmium; Atrazine; Impact.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00033/14405/11698.pdf

REMONOR : Résultats 2002. Evaluation de la mortalité, croissance et qualité des huîtres creuses
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Simonne, Charlotte; Pien, S; Hugonnet, Virginie; Le Gagneur, Eric; Ropert, Michel; Kopp, Joel; Richard, O.
The national REMORA network is targeted on the studies of growth, flesh quality and mortality of a sample of cupped oyster Crassostrea gigasdistributed on 9 stations along the coast of Normandy. As a better precision is needed for regional purpose, 7 new stations have been added. A total number of 16 stations is now sampled from Chausey to Meuvaines. Weak rates of mortality have been noticed in 2002 on both adults (7%) and spat (6 %). These rates are the weakest ever seen. The mortality rates in the Baie des veys were less than 10 %. This rearing area shows usually a much higher mortality level. Growth rates were noticed weaker than usual. They slowly decline from 1999. From Mach to December, the growth rate of adults has been computed to 0,21 %/day (for a...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: REMORA; Quality; Growth; Mortality; Normandy; REMONOR; Crassostrea gigas; REMORA; Qualité; Croissance; Mortalité; Basse Normandie; REMONOR; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/rapport-2247.pdf

Interspecific hybridization in oysters: Restriction enzyme digestion chromosome banding confirms Crassostrea angulata x Crassostrea gigas F1 hybrids
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Leitao, A; Chaves, R; Santos, S; Guedes Pinto, H; Boudry, Pierre.
The taxonomic status of the two commercially important cupped oysters, Crassostrea angulata, the Portuguese oyster (Lamarck, 1819) and Crassostrea gigas, the Japanese oyster (Thunberg, 1793) has long been in question. The recent observation of the hybridization between C. gigas and C. angulata and the production of fertile F1s led us to search for cytogenetic evidence of both parental genomes in the interspecific hybrids. The cytogenetic characterization of the hybrids was performed by the use of restriction endonuclease treatments. This technique has recently shown the potential for individual chromosome identification by banding in oysters. Chromosomes of C. gigas, C. angulata and their hybrids were treated with two different restriction enzymes (ApaI...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Interspecific hybrids; In situ restriction enzyme banding; Crassostrea gigas; C. angulata; Chromosome banding.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-4959.pdf

Obtention de souches conchylicoles performantes par polyploïdisation (5ème partie)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gerard, Andre; Naciri, Yamama; Peignon, Jean-marie; Ledu, Christophe; Phelipot, Pascal; Baud, Jean-pierre; Nourry, Max; Haure, Joel; Heurtebise, Serge; Garnier, Jacqueline; Martin, Anne-genevieve; Claude, Serge; Langlade, Aime; Joly, Jean-pierre; Goulletquer, Philippe; Ruelle, Francois; Coatanea, Denis; Oheix, Jocelyne; Vercelli, Catherine; Chabirand, Jean-michel; Maurer, Daniele; Borel, Michel; Cardinal, Mireille; Cornet, Josiane; Le Pennec, Marcel; Le Mercier, A.
This fifth part of the polyploidisation program reports the experiments that were conducted in 1993 and that were devoted to : - monitoring growth performance of Ostrea edulis diploids and triploids in La Trinité sur Mer and Palavas - monitoring growth performance of Crassostrea gigas diploids and triploids in Port en Bessin, Marennes Oleron (2 locations), Arcachon and Palavas - comparative study of gametogenesis for C. gigas diploids and triploids - comparative study of C. gigas diploids and triploids using sensorial analysis At the end of fifth year, it was clear that triploids are advantageous although such a statement must be moderated according to locations. The gametogenesis stydy showed that triploidy is associated with partial to complete...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Ostrea edulis; Cytogenetics; Polyploidy; Crassostra gigas; Ostrea edulis; Cytogénétique; Polyploïdie.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1994/rapport-3860.PDF

Autophagy plays an important role in protecting Pacific oysters from OsHV-1 and Vibrio aestuarianus infections
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Moreau, Pierrick; Moreau, Kevin; Segarra, Amelie; Tourbiez, Delphine; Travers, Marie-agnes; Rubinsztein, David C.; Renault, Tristan.
Recent mass mortality outbreaks around the world in Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas, have seriously affected the aquaculture economy. Although the causes for these mortality outbreaks appear complex, infectious agents are involved. Two pathogens are associated with mass mortality outbreaks, the virus ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1) and the bacterium Vibrio aestuarianus. Here we describe the interactions between these 2 pathogens and autophagy, a conserved intracellular pathway playing a key role in innate immunity. We show for the first time that autophagy pathway is present and functional in Pacific oysters and plays an important role to protect animals from infections. This study contributes to better understand the innate immune system of Pacific...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Autophagy; Crassostrea gigas; OsHV-1; Pacific oyster; Vibrio aestuarianus; ATG; Autophagy-related; Atg8-PE; Atg8-phosphatidylethenolamine; DNA; Deoxyribonucleic acid; Hpi; Hours postinfection; LC3-II; Cleaved; Lipidated and autophagosome-associated form of LC3; MAP1LC3A; B (LC3A; B); Microtubule-associated proteins 1 light chain 3 alpha.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00269/37989/36072.pdf

Seasonal changes in carbohydrate metabolism and its relationship with summer mortality of Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg) in Marennes-Ole'ron bay (France)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick; Faury, Nicole; Goulletquer, Philippe.
This paper investigates the biological responses of Crassostrea gigas under traditional culture conditions on a mudflat in Marennes-Oleron bay. Summer mortality has been regularly observed in recent years in oysters reared using "on bottom" culture conditions. The present study attempts to provide a better understanding of the mortality phenomenon through biological parameters. Classical 'field parameters' such as mortality and growth rates, and quality index (dry meat weight/ dry shell weight x 1000) were monitored. Additional parameters, as biochemical composition of oyster meat and glucose incorporation capacity, were included as potential new bioindicators. The work highlighted a critical timing (May-June) preceding the summer mortality and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marennes Oleron bay; Glycogenolysis; In vivo; Glycogen incorporation; Maturation; Summer mortality; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-1116.pdf

Summer mortality outbreaks of French Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas in 2008 and 2009
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Renault, Tristan; Allain, Gwenhael; Arzul, Isabelle; Chollet, Bruno; Cobret, Laetitia; De Decker, Sophie; Faury, Nicole; Ferrand, Sylvie; Francois, Cyrille; Garcia, Celine; Haffner, Philippe; Joly, Jean-pierre; Miossec, Laurence; Morga, Benjamin; Nicolas, Jean-louis; Omnes, Emmanuelle; Pepin, Jean-francois; Saulnier, Denis; Schikorski, David; Segarra, Amelie.
Abnormal mortality outbreaks occurred in the majority of Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) producing areas in France in 2008 during the summer period. These outbreaks were usually sudden and severe (up to 100%) and affected essentially spat (oysters less than 1 year-old) and juveniles (12 to 18 month-old oysters). Crassostrea gigas was the single affected species Mortality outbreaks were first observed from mid May to mid June in Brittany, Vendée, Charente Maritime and Mediterranean coast A second episode of massive mortality events was reported at the end of June and the beginning of July. All oyster production sites were affected except some particular locations including Arcachon Bay and Brittany. Mortality occurred latter in Arcachon Bay in August....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Abnormal mortality; Oysters; Crassostrea gigas; Pathogens.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00014/12554/9420.pdf

Phenotypic and genetic consequences of size selection at the larval stage in the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Taris, Nicolas; Ernande, Bruno; Mccombie, Helen; Boudry, Pierre.
The life histories of oysters in the genus Crassostrea, like those of most marine bivalves, are typified by high fecundity and low survival in nature. Rearing conditions in hatcheries however ensure optimized density, diet, and temperature. Hatcheries are becoming increasingly important for the production of juveniles in aquaculture, and their culture practices often include culling of slow growing larvae to reduce and synchronize the time taken to reach settlement. Because previous studies have found substantial genetic variation for early life developmental traits in Crassostrea gigas, these culling practices are likely to cause highly different selective pressures in hatcheries from those in the natural environment. We studied the phenotypic and genetic...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Oysters; Larvae; Hatchery; Genetic diversity; Culling; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-1677.pdf

Guide du télécaptage de larves d'huîtres Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Joly, Jean-pierre; Bodoy, Alain; Baud, Jean-pierre.
Ce guide, destiné aux ostréiculteurs désireux de s'initier au télécaptage de larves d'huîtres Crassostrea gigas, est basé sur la traduction d'une publication canadienne enrichie des quelques premières expériences réalisées en FRANCE. La méthode et les diverses manipulations sont expliquées étape par étape et accompagnées par de nombreux conseils.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Télécaptage; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Méthode.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00048/15901/13329.pdf

Single Nucleotide polymorphisms and their relationship to codon usage bias in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Sauvage, Christopher; Bierne, N; Lapegue, Sylvie; Boudry, Pierre.
DNA sequence polymorphism and codon usage bias were investigated in a set of 41 nuclear loci in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Our results revealed a very high level of DNA polymorphism in oysters, in the order of magnitude of the highest levels reported in animals to date. A total of 290 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected, 76 of which being localised in exons and 214 in non-coding regions. Average density of SNPs was estimated to be one SNP every 60 bp in coding regions and one every 40 bp in non-coding regions. Non-synonymous substitutions contributed substantially to the polymorphism observed in coding regions. The non-synonymous to silent diversity ratio was 0.16 on average, which is fairly higher to the ratio reported in other...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Codon bias; Genetic diversity; SNP.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-3417.pdf

Observations préliminaires sur la présence de Mytilicola orientalis Mori (1935) chez Crassostrea gigas Thunberg dans le bassin d'Arcachon
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: His, Edouard.
Le copépode parasite Mytilicola orientalis Mori (1935) est signalé pour la première fois en Europe, chez les huîtres Crassostrea gigas Thunberg du Bassin d'Arcachon.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Mytilicola orientalis; Copépode parasite; Huîtres creuses.
Ano: 1977
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00016/12734/9665.pdf

Rapport régional du REPAMO 1999: résultats de la cellule de veille zoosanitaire de La Tremblade dans les régions du sud de la Loire
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Thebault, Anne; Chollet, Bruno; Robert, Maeva.
La cellule de veille zoosanitaire de La Tremblade s'occupe de trois zones situées au sud de la Loire: la Baie de Bourgneuf, la région de Marennes-Oléron-Charentes, et le bassin d'Arcachon. Ces régions produisent principalement des huîtres creuses. Le naissain d'huîtres creuses produit à Arcachon et en Charente représente près de 80% de la production d'huître creuse, qui sera élevée dans toutes les régions ostréicoles françaises. Un effort particulier avec des prélèvements systématiques a donc été mis en place sur Crassostrea gigas dans ces trois trois zones, notamment sur les larves et le naissain d'Arcachon et de Charente. Compte tenu des transferts fréquents, des animaux sauvages sont prélevés pour caractériser les sites, tandis que la production en...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Réseau surveillance; REPAMO; Analyses zoosanitaires; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Mortalités.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00134/24488/22513.pdf

First evidence of the activation of Cg-timp, an immune response component of pacific oysters, through a damage-associated molecular pattern pathway
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Montagnani, Caroline; Avarre, Jean-christophe; De Lorgeril, Julien; Quiquand, M; Boulo, Viviane; Escoubas, Jean-michel.
In a previous work, we characterized a Crassostrea gigas cPNA (Cg-timp) encoding a protein which presents all the features of vertebrate tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP). The expression pattern of this gene led us to propose that Cg-timp is an important factor in oyster wound heating and defense mechanisms. Here we describe the analysis of Cg-timp expression in oysters challenged by live or dead bacteria as well as by bacterial secretory/excretory products and metalloproteinase. Surprisingly, bacterial secretory/excretory products activate Cg-timp gene expression whereas heat-inactivated ones do not. To address the question of the signal transduction pathway involved in Cg-timp gene activation, we isolated and sequenced Cg-timp promoter and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Damage associated molecular pattern; Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase; Metalloproteinase; Mollusk immunity; Crassostrea gigas; Oyster.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-2094.pdf

Mortalité de l'huître Crassostrea gigas dans le bassin de Marennes-Oléron: étude de la variabilité spatiale de son environnement et de sa biologie par un système d'informations géographiques (SIG)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick; Le Moine, Olivier; Faury, Nicole; Razet, Daniel; Geairon, Philippe; Goulletquer, Philippe.
The summer mortality patterns was studied in 1996 on the Ronce-les-Bains oyster bank (175 ha), located on the southern part of the Bay Marennes-Oleron (Atlantic coastline). Studies on growth, sexual maturation, survival rates and environmental variables were compared at fifteen experimental sites (on- and off-bottom culture). After 7 months, cumulative mortality reached 8-19 and 23-33% for off-bottom and on-bottom culture, respectively which is significantly higher for the latter case. A seasonal mortality trend was noted, with a significant increase related to air temperature greater than 20 degrees C and with a significant pre-spawning glycogen catabolism. Based on soft tissue flesh growth results from both types of culture, several empirical models were...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Atlantic Ocean; Crassostrea gigas; Mortality; Growth rates; Océan Atlantique; Crassostrea gigas; Mortalité; Croissance.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1999/publication-862.pdf

Impact des facteurs anthropiques sur le recrutement de l'huître : l'exemple du bassin d'Arcachon
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: His, Edouard; Robert, Rene.
"Il est impossible d'imaginer un lieu plus favorable à l'ostréiculture que le bassin d'Arcachon" (Yonge, 1950). En effet, l'huître indigène, Ostrea edulis, et l'espèce plus récemment introduite, Crassostrea gigas, peuvent s'y reproduire en abondant. Si l'exploitation de la première a pris fin à la suite de deux épizooties consécutives, la seconde est l'objet d'une culture intensive dont la production annuelle est d'environ 12 000 tonnes de mollusques commercialisés. Des anomalies ont sévi dans la baie, de 1977 à 1981, rendant les récoltes de naissain pratiquement sensibles aux facteurs d'agression, et ont même été proposées par Woelke (1967) comme matériel biologique, afin de tester la qualité des eaux en zone littorale. La technique des élevages larvaires...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bassin d'Arcachon; Crassostrea gigas; Larves; Température; Nutrition; Bioessais; Facteurs anthropiques.
Ano: 1987
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00019/13055/10013.pdf

Impact of climatic and anthropogenic changes on living resources in the Bay of Biscaye
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Goulletquer, Philippe.
Fisheries and aquaculture are of major importance to the coastal communities throughout the Bay of Biscaye. Almost half of French fishermen rely on catches from the Bay which achieve and estimated first sale value of more than €525m annually. Moreover, emblematic species such as eels have an additional economic as weil as social value for coastal communities. Similarly, the main French shellfish rearing areas are located within the Bay of Biscaye. They contribute predominantly to the yearly spat (mussel &amp; oyster) recruitment, used to sustain the entire French shellfish industry. These activities have a direct impact on ecosystem functioning and biodiversity. Meanwhile, drastic environmental changes have been reported over the last 30 years, including a...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Solea solea; Living resources; Ecosystem; Biodiversity; Impacts; Climate change.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/acte-3488.pdf

Etude de l'herpès virus de l'huître. Fonds d'Aide à la Recherche et à l'Innovation. Décision d'Aide à la Recherche n° 95-07-01 (Rapport intermédiaire)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Renault, Tristan.
L'Unité de Recherche en Pathologie et Immunologie Générales (Station IFREMER de La Tremblade) se propose dans le présent projet d'étudier le virus de type herpès observée chez les huîtres (pouvoir pathogène, conditions d'expression de l'infection, transmission, etc ... ) et de développer des réactifs permettant de réaliser un diagnostic rapide, sensible et fiable de l'infection qu'il occassionne. Les diagnostics proposés seront basés sur la détection directe du virus, soit au moyen de réactifs immunologiques spécifiques des antigènes viraux, soit par des techniques de biologie moléculaire permettant de détecter l'ADN viral (hybridation de sondes nucléiques et réaction PCR : Polymerase Chain Reaction). Ce projet, proposé sur une durée de trois années...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Virus; Herpès; Pathogène; Purification; Herpesviridae; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00043/15447/12818.pdf

Description, évolution et importance des différentes techniques de captage en rivière Seudre (bassin de Marennes-Oléron) : incidence sur la production d'huîtres creuses C. gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Berthome, Jean-paul; Razet, Daniel; Garnier, Jacqueline.
Dealing with the study of the oyster stocks in Marennes Oleron basin, a method is set up to study oystr origin. Various collectors, factory-made or hand-made (about 90% of the whole) are described. Technical evolution, bound to the importance of potential catching in three concerned districts depands on the catching ability of the different types of collectors. The catching, achieved in the Seudre river, represents nearly 1 400 million units, wich is a theorical potentail quantity of 30 000 tons of adults oysters
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Larvae; Recrutment; Crassostrea gigas; Oysters; Oyster stock; Technique captage; Recrutement; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres; Evaluation stocks.
Ano: 1981
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1981/acte-2935.pdf

Optimisation of the traditional Pacific cupped oyster (Crassostrea gigas Thunberg) culture on the French Atlantic coastline: autumnal fattening in semi-closed ponds
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick; Le Moine, Olivier; Goulletquer, Philippe; Geairon, Philippe; Razet, Daniel; Faury, Nicole; Fouche, Dominique; Robert, Stephane.
Oyster farming in France is a traditional activity. Each year, 60,000 tons of C. gigas are fattened before being sold. Present-day fattening techniques for improving oyster taste and colour and increasing the meat weight are not particularly reliable. To optimize the fattening process, large phytoplanktonic blooms were induced in ponds, then distributed in oyster ponds. Despite the variability of the autumn weather conditions, diatoms (Skeletonema costatum) have been successfully cultured in outdoor ponds. During neap tides (when no seawater replenishes the water in the oyster beds), between mid-October and mid-December 1996, the fattening index (the weight of the meat) was constant or increased by 10-15% when a supplement of algae of 380.000...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Fattening process; Crassostrea gigas; Oyster farming; Marennes Oleron Bay.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2001/publication-478.pdf

Etude de la réponse immunitaire chez l'huître Crassostrea gigas : caractérisation et fonctions de protéines de reconnaissance aux LPS et d'effecteurs antimicrobiens
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gonzalez, Marcelo.
Research on the immune response of oysters is motivated by the problems of infectious diseases potentially found in the farms. Over the course of the last few years, the development of genomic approaches has allowed us to make headway on characterising genes involved in the cup oyster's (Crassostrea gigas) innate immunity, particularly thanks to various programmes for analysing transcriptome, of type EST (Express Sequence Tag) and subtractive banks. Within the context of this work, over the course of which we have used the data from genomic research and we have also developed biochemical approaches, we were particularly interested in studying the proteins involved in reconnaissance reactions to LPS as well as to antimicrobial effectors. In an earlier part,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Defense peptides; Polysaccharides; LPS; Hemocytes; Immune response; Crassostrea gigas; Shellfish culture; LPS; Défensine; Peptides antimicrobiens; LBP; BPI; Superoxide dismutase; Hémocytes; Crassostrea gigas; Huître; Mollusque; Immunité.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/these-2098.pdf

Programme Charente-Marennes-Oléron Volet Maritime
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Heral, Maurice; Bacher, Cedric; Razet, Daniel; Prou, Jean; Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc; De Pontual, Helene; Raillard, Olivier; Maestrini, Serge; Mornet, Francoise; Menesguen, Alain; Sautour, Benoit; Robert, Jean-michel.
Les termes du contrat passé entre le Fond de la Recherche et de la Technologie et l'IFREMER précisent qu ele programmer a pour objectif une gestion rationnelle du milieu conchylicole avec notamment une mise au point de modèles (voir notification de l'aide en annexe). Un premier modèle appelé modèle global par analogie avec les modèles de pêche met en évidence la limite de la capacité trophique du bassin de Marennes-Oléron pour les huîtres cultivées. Un modèle analytique avec un modèle physique simple permet dans un premier temps de développer un modèle de croissance des huîtres en fonction de la nourriture disponible et d'effectuer des simulations qui confirment l'influence du stock sur les performances de croissance des bivalves. Un troisième approche...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Modèle production; Biomasse; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Modèle énergétique; Croissance; Modèle multiboîte; Marennes Oléron; Modèle trophique; Marennes Oléron.
Ano: 1986
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00048/15908/13337.pdf

Farmed bivalve loss due to seabream predation in the French Mediterranean Prevost Lagoon
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Richard, Marion; Forget, Fabien; Mignucci, Alexandre; Mortreux, Serge; Le Gall, Patrik; Callier, Myriam; Weise, Am; Mckindsey, Cw; Bourjea, Jerome.
Bivalve predation by seabream has been observed worldwide and is a major concern for bivalve farmers. Farmed bivalve-seabream interactions must be better understood to ensure the sustainability of bivalve aquaculture. The objectives of this study were to characterize gilthead seabream Sparus aurata presence in a bivalve farm in Prevost Lagoon (Mediterranean Sea) using acoustic telemetry and to evaluate monthly losses of mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis and oysters Crassostrea gigas due to seabream predation over an 18 mo period inside the farm and at an unprotected experimental platform. Large (281 to 499 mm TL) seabream were more commonly detected in the bivalve farm than were small (200 to 280 mm TL) seabream. In contrast to small seabream, 90% of large...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Shellfish culture; Sparus aurata; Size; Acoustic telemetry; Crassostrea gigas; Mytilus galloprovincialis; Oyster; Mussel.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00663/77515/79299.pdf

Seuil de production de pseudo-fécès de l'huître creuse du Pacifique : Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg) dans des conditions de faibles charges particulaires
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick; Goulletquer, Philippe; Geairon, Philippe; Razet, Daniel.
This study is part of a comprehensive research program focusing on the oyster shellfish management in the Marennes-Oleron Bay: Within this program, a task aimed to develop a biological model of the Pacific cupped oyster Crassostrea gigas. Our study addressed the issue of pseudo-faeces production threshold under various diet quality levels. Pseudo-faeces sampling was carried out using particulate matter concentration below Il mg 1-1 The various modalities prompted us to define two pseudo-faeces production models. The first model was developed using natural seawater. The organic matter ratio ranged from 25 to 45% while the pseudo-faeces production threshold reached 2.9 to 4.4 mg 1-1 of total particulate matter. The second model was established using seawater...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marennes Oleron; Pseudo faeces; Crassostrea gigas; Oysters; Biological model; Marennes Oléron; Pseudo fécès; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres; Modèle biologique.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1996/publication-3087.pdf

Genetic variability and selective breeding for traits of aquacultural interest in the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Boudry, Pierre; Degremont, Lionel; Taris, Nicolas; Mccombie, Helen; Haffray, Pierrick; Ernande, Bruno.
The most significant genetic improvement for production of Pacific oyster (Crassastrea gigas) has been obtained through the breeding of triploids, especially since the development of tetraploids. Quantitative genetics studies suggest that significant gains, for disease resistance or for other traits of aquacultural interest, could be obtained using this approach. However, the limited extent of hatchery-propagation (versus natural recruitment) and/or various technical difficulties and biological characteristics of the species have slowed the development of selective breeding programs. Recently, in the USA, Australia and New Zealand, family-based selective breeding programs have been initiated to improve growth and yield. In Europe, where both natural and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Microsatellites; Quantitative genetic; Genetic variability; Crassostrea gigas; Oysters.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/publication-2861.pdf

Characterization of Vibrio isolated from Crassostrea gigas spat suffering summer mortality outbreaks (slides)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gay, Melanie; Renault, Tristan; Le Roux, Frédérique.
The pathogens related to summer mortality outbreaks are a herpes virus and two bacterial strains one belonging to Vibrio splendidus biovar II and the other to Vibrio splendidus spp. However, the feature pathogen/opportunist of these strains is still unknown. Several strains belonging to the genus Vibrio have been identified as pathogen for different mollusk species. In the context of the French program Morest, experiments of cohabitation have been used to demonstrate the potential presence of a transmissible infectious agent in batches of oysters suffering from summer mortality outbreaks. More than one hundred Vibrio strains have been isolated from these experiments. These strains have been phenotypically and genotypically characterized. Their virulence...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Vibrio splendidus; Vibrio lentus; Crassostrea gigas; Summer; Spat; Pathogen; Disease transmission; Oyster culture; Mortality; Microbial contamination; Oysters.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/acte-3343.pdf

Influence des facteurs climatiques sur la production conchylicole du bassin de Marennes-Oléron
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Heral, Maurice; Prou, Jean; Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc.
The authors are comparing the recruitment, the commercialised production, the cultivated biomasses of oysters Crassostrea gigas and Crassostrea angulata  with the statistics of the meteorology (1885-1984). The temperature plays a role up on the date of spawning but partialy explains the lack of recruitment, which has less impact on the commercialised production than on the total biomass. The annual and seasonal characteristics of the precipitations and water temperatures do not show tight correlations with the variations of the production and of the biomass, for these cultivated populations in opposition with the sensitivity of the natural molluscan populations towards the climatic factors.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Meteorology; Recruitment; Biomass; Production; Crassostrea angulata; Crassostrea gigas; Météorlogie; Recrutement; Biomasse; Production; Crassostrea gigas; Crassostrea angulata.
Ano: 1986
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1986/publication-2968.pdf

In vitro effects of cadmium and mercury on Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg), haemocytes
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gagnaire, Beatrice; Thomas Guyon, H; Renault, Tristan.
In the past decades. shellfish culture has developed in a significant way around the world. However, culture areas are Often Subject to recurring anthropic pollution. The recrudescent presence of industrial wastes is a source of heavy metals and results ill pollutant transfer towards the aquatic environment in estuarine areas. Because of their mode of life. bivalves. including Mussels and oysters. are suggested as ideal indicator organisms. The development of techniques allowing the analysis of the effects of Pollutants on bivalve biology may lead to the monitoring of pollutant transfer in estuarine areas. in this context. the effects of cadmium and mercury On defence mechanisms were analysed in Pacific oysters. Crassostrea gigas. Pollutant effects were...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Toxicity; Cellular activities; Phenoloxidase; Mercury; Cadmium; Flow cytometry; Haemocytes; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/publication-691.pdf

Utilisation des métallothionéines comme biomarqueur de la contamination métallique : variabilité entre sites et organes chez l'huı̂tre Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Geret, F; Cosson, Rp.
Heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Hg and Zn) and metallothionein levels were determined in oysters Crassostrea gigas from two sites: the Gironde Estuary (contaminated site) and Bourgneuf Bay (uncontaminated site). Metallothionein levels led us to suspect the presence of cadmium in the environment when quantified in the gills. Soluble cadmium and metallothioneins were positively correlated in the digestive gland of oysters from Gironde (contaminated site), but metallothionein levels in this organ were not significantly different from levels observed in the digestive gland of oysters from Bourgneuf Bay (uncontaminated site). Conversely, no correlation was noticed between metals and metallothioneins in the gills of oysters from Gironde despite metallothionein levels...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Métallothionéines; Métaux; Crassostrea gigas; Biomarqueur; Metallothioneins; Metals; Crassostrea gigas; Biomarker.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00324/43561/44058.pdf

Suivi de la reproduction des mollusques d'élevage 1989
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Faury, Nicole; Ratiskol, Jacqueline.
La reproduction des mollusques dans le bassin de Marennes Oléron a été soumise à des conditions météorologiques particulières. A un hiver 88 - 89 très doux très faiblement pluvieux a suivi un printemps chaud et précoce. Seul Avril a connu une pluviométrie supérieure à la normale qui n'a pas suffi à compenser le manque d'eau consécutif à plusieurs mois de sécheresse. Les pêches et lectures ont été réalisées par les méthodes utilisées les années précédentes
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Reproduction; Larves; Crassostrea gigas; Mytilus edulis; Marennes Oléron.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00049/16070/13531.pdf

Approche comparative de la variabilité et de la structuration génétique chez deux espèces d'huîtres cultivées (Crassostrea gigas et Ostrea edulis) présentant des stratégies reproductives et des histoires contrastées
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Boudry, Pierre; Launey, Sophie; Huvet, Arnaud.
The two common oyster species cultivated in Europe are the flat oyster Ostrea edulis and the cupped oyster Crassostrea gigas. These species have two really different reproduction strategies (oviparity versus larviparity) and histories (natural distribution versus introductions linked to oyster culture). We used microsatellite markers to compare the observed variabilities Europe wide. O. edulis presents a lower rate of alleles per locus than C. gigas. The observed structuration levels (global Fst and by pairs values) are similar for both species, but the spatial organisation of the diversity is different. In O. edulis, appears a differentiation based on the distance (concordance of the results with those obtained with the allozymes) whereas in C. gigas,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Différenciation génétique; Variabilité; Génétique; Crassostrea gigas; Ostrea edulis; Huîtres.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1998/acte-3455.pdf

Suivi de la reproduction des huîtres - Saison 1998
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Arnaud, Christophe; Faury, Nicole; Bouquet, Jean-paul.
Le suivi de la reproduction des huîtres s'est déroulé du 22 juin au 3 septembre 1998. Six points du bassin de Marennes-Oléron sont à nouveau concernés : En Charente: La Mouclière et Les Palles. Au centre du Bassin: Les Doux et Mérignac; En Seudre: Coux et les Faulx. Cette opération est contractualisée avec la Section Régionale de Marennes-Oléron.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Reproduction; Larves; Huîtres; Crassostrea gigas; Bassin de Marennes Oléron.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00049/16067/13528.pdf

Transmission expérimentale du virus de type herpes chez l'huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Arzul, Isabelle.
Au cours de l'été 1991, d'importantes mortalités de larves d'huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas, ont été observées dans des écloseries, simultanément en France (Comps et Cochennec, 1993) et en Nouvelle-Zélande (Hine &amp; al., 1992).  Les examens histologiques ainsi que des examens réalisés en microscopie électronique à transmission d'échantillons de larves présentant des mortalités ont permis de détecter la présence de particules virales associées à des lésions cellulaires.  D'après la morphologie, la taille, les localisations intranucléaires et cytoplasmiques du virus, il est possible d'envisager son appartenance à la famille des Herpesviridae.  De nouvelles mortalités sporadiques ont été observées au cours des étés suivants sur des lots de larves élevées...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Virus; Herpesviridae; Bivalve; Crassostrea gigas; Etiologie; Epidémiologie; Diagnostic; Reproduction infection.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00106/21711/19289.pdf

Etude de l'impact du stock d'huîtres et des mollusques compétiteurs sur les performances de croissance de Crassostrea ggias, à l'aide d'un modèle de croissance
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bacher, Cedric.
A model coupling biological and hydrodynamical processes is used in order to study the influence of the amount of cultivated oysters (Crassostrea gigas) on growth performance in the Bay of Marennes-Oléron. The model is based on an energetic budget equation of a mean oyster and on a transport equation of particulate organic and inorganic matter through 12 spatial boxes. Sensitivity analysis is performed and allows computation of the impact of the distribution of oysters among the boxes on the growth performance of a mean oyster in each box. Il is shown that, mainly in the south of the bay, individual growth is affected by the increase in the stock. The same approach also shows that the response of individual growth to the amount of natural benthic...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Modélisation; Modéle croissance; Compétiteurs; Crassostrea gigas; Stocks huîtres.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1991/publication-3053.pdf

REMORA 94. Analyse des résultats de la seconde année du réseau de suivi de la croissance de l'huître creuse sur les côtes françaises
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Goyard, Emmanuel.
The Aquaculture Resources department Mollusc Network (REMORA ) has been monitoring in 1994 like in 1993 the growth of homogeneous batches of Crassostrea gigas (initially 18 months old, same origin, same history, same size) in the main French production areas. The monitored parameters deal with growth, morphology, survival, composition and parasite infestations. The comparison between two rearing conditions (traditional bags versus wooden plate to which individuals were stuck) demonstrated like in 1993 improved growth rate (which could also be explained by the lower local density) and a tendency for the oysters to become wider on plates (which is probably related to the absence of shell erosion). Major regional characteristics are revealed by the analysis,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Growth; Crassostrea gigas; Cupped oyster; Oyster culture; Monitoring network; Croissance; Crassostrea gigas; Huître creuse; Ostréiculture; Réseau.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1996/rapport-1650.pdf

Etude des anomalies chromosomiques chez Crassostrea gigas - Contrat Région Poitou-Charentes 2000-2006. Convention 2003
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bouilly, Karine; Bonnard, Marc; Grouhel, Stephanie; Lapegue, Sylvie.
Divers travaux menés depuis 1984 montrent qu’il existe, chez l’huître creuse Crassostrea gigas, des cellules présentant un nombre anormal de chromosomes (2n = 19, 18 ou même 17 au lieu de 2n = 20). Or, une corrélation négative entre l’aneuploïdie somatique et le taux de croissance a été décrite à de nombreuses reprises (Thiriot-Quiévreux et al., 1988, 1992 ; Leitão et al., 2001a ; Zouros et al., 1996). Bien que les causes environnementale et /ou génétique de l’aneuploïdie restent encore largement inconnues, des études récentes ont permis de poser l’hypothèse d’une base génétique large dans la détermination de ce caractère (Leitão et al., 2001b). De plus, un effet toxique direct de l’atrazine (herbicide couramment utilisé dans la région) sur le génome d’une...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Chromosomes; Aneuploïdie; Huîtres creuses; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00044/15476/12855.pdf

Contrat de Plan Etat Région Poitou-Charentes 1994-1998. Convention 96 RPC R70 - Programme Pathologie - Rapport Scientifique année 1996
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Renault, Tristan; Berthe, Franck; Chollet, Bruno; Cochennec, Nathalie; Haffner, Philippe; Le Deuff, Rose-marie; Lipart, Cecile; Thebault, Anne.
Le but de ce programme pathologie est de rechercher et d'étudier les agents pathogènes connus et inconnus chez les mollusques bivalves marins, plus particulièrement chez l'huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas, afin d'identifier d'éventuels agents causant des mortalités, de proposer des mesures prophylactiques et de définir des conditions zootechniques permettant aux professionnels de limiter l'impact des maladies sur leur cheptel. La présence de maladies, chez les mollusques bivalves marins dont l'impact socio économique peut être catastrophique pour les productions conchylicoles, et l'accroissement des échanges de produits d'aquaculture entre les pays de la CEE et avec les pays tiers nécessitent le renforcement des recherches dans les domaines de la...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Pathologie; Pathogènes; Virus; Herpès virus; Crassostrea gigas; Diagnostic; Herpesviridae.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00043/15452/12827.pdf

Suivi de la reproduction des mollusques d'élevage 1988
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Heurtebise, Serge; Ratiskol, Jacqueline.
L'année 1988 n'a pas offert de conditions hydrobiologiques et climatiques favorables à une reproduction normale des huîtres en élevage dans le bassin de Marennes-Oléron. L'hiver doux et particulièrement pluvieux a apparemment modifié le cycle classique de la gamétogénése et par suite le captage des huîtres dans son ensemble. Le présent rapport est le constat de ce phénomène.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Reproduction; Captage; Naissain; Crassostrea gigas; Mytilus edulis; Marennes Oléron.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00072/18286/15858.pdf

Summer seed mortality of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas Thunberg grown in Tomales Bay, California, USA : the influence of oyster stock, planting time, pathogens, and environmental stressors
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Burge, Colleen; Judah, Linda; Conquest, Loveday; Griffin, Frederick; Cheney, Daniel; Suhrbier, Andrew; Vadopalas, Brent; Olin, Paul G.; Renault, Tristan; Friedman, Carolyn S.
Summer seed mortality (SSM) has occurred yearly in Tomales Bay, California since 1993. SSM has resulted in up to 90% cumulative losses, and has been associated with extreme temperature, phytoplankton blooms, and an oyster herpesvirus. In this study, three stocks of Pacific oysters were planted at three sites in California (Inner Tomales Bay, Outer Tomales Bay, and Bodega Harbor) in October of 2000 (Fall) and April of 2001 (Spring) and monitored for mortality, growth, and health status. In April of 2001, a similar study was conducted in Totten Inlet, WA state using cohorts of oysters planted in California; animals were monitored for mortality and growth. Temperature data were collected at all sites; phytoplankton abundance data were collected  at the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: California; Tomales Bay; Oyster herpesvirus; Temperature; Mortality; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oysters.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-2976.pdf

Oyster adenytate energy charge: response to levels of food
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Moal, Jeanne; Le Coz, Jean-rene; Samain, Jean-francois; Daniel, Jean-yves; Bodoy, Alain.
Adenylatc Encrgy Charge (AEC) values of Crassostrea gigas (9 and 18 months old) cultured in ponds in Marennes-Oléron Bay (Atlantic coast, France) are reported. Two ponds were loaded with two different initial oyster biomasses in order to obtain different food conditions. The growth of oysters was different in the two ponds which corroborated the effectivences of attaining different food conditions. AEC level was different depending on the pond and was therefore related to food availability per unit oyster biomass. Well-fed oysters exhibited greater AEC values than poorly-fed oysters, throughout thc study. Information on nutritional situations for wild or cultured populations can therefore be obtained by AEC. In cach pond, the seasonal AEC variations were...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Charge énergétique adénylique; Crassostrea gigas; Nutrition; Nucléotides; Adenylate energy charge; Crassostrea gigas; Food; Nucleotides.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00038/14882/12202.pdf

Composition de la matière organique particulaire dans les eaux du bassin de Marennes-Oléron : apport énergétique pour la nutrition de l'huître
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Heral, Maurice; Razet, Daniel; Maestrini, Serge; Garnier, Jacqueline.
A twice monthly study shows that the major amount of organic material is from detrtic origin, and is brought in winter, when valeus of mineral seston are very high. In the sping time, phytoplancton blooms, do not make up for lack of detritic material where as in the summer, oceanic phytoplancton is composed of important amounts of carbohydrates. Available food is defined as sum of protids, lipids and carbohydrates and mesured in energetic therms. This allows to foretell the amount of food that molluscs ar likely to assimilate.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marennes Oléron; Nutrition; Matière organique; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres.
Ano: 1980
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1980/acte-3003.pdf

Summer mortality of selected juvenile pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas under laboratory conditions and in comparison with field performance
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Degremont, Lionel; Soletchnik, Patrick; Boudry, Pierre.
This study reports mortality under laboratory conditions in unselected controls and two lines of juvenile Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas, previously selected for their high or low survival in the field during the summer period. Oysters were also deployed in field conditions and mortality between both conditions was then compared. In the laboratory, mortality was observed in all experiments and it always lasted for a week indicating that mortality under laboratory conditions was a short-term event. It was also shown that mortality could be repeated for a batch in several experiments using oysters which never experienced any abnormal mortality. This approach could facilitate further studies to investigate the causes of mortality by allowing repeated...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Summer mortality; Crassostrea gigas; Laboratory; Field; Oyster; Juvenile.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00013/12432/9228.pdf

La crise anoxique du bassin de Thau de l'été 1997. Bilan du phénomène et perspectives
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Souchu, Philippe; Abadie, Eric; Vercelli, Catherine; Buestel, Dominique; Sauvagnargues, Jean-claude.
La crise anoxique ou «malaïgue» qui a sévi dans le bassin de Thau durant l'été 1997 a détruit presque le tiers de la production annuelle d'huîtres. Son déclenchement a suivi une période durant laquelle les vents étaient exceptionnellement faibles. Après un rappel scientifique des processus mis en jeu, la crise anoxique est décrite au travers des observations de mortalités et des concentrations en oxygène dissous. Les eaux anoxiques se sont développées dans les zones conchylicoles vers l'Est et l'Ouest à partir d'un foyer situé à proximité du principal port conchylicole (Mourre-Blanc à Mèze). La comparaison de la crise de 1997 avec celles qui l'ont précédée fait apparaître un recul de l'eutrophisation depuis 25 ans. En revanche, des secteurs très localisés...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Lagunes; Thau; Conchyliculture; Anoxies; Eutrophisation; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00039/15010/12336.pdf

Project ROMEO : E. C. n° FA-S2 9052 - Research objectives : Mortality in European Oysters - Final Report
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Renault, Tristan; Arzul, Isabelle.
Crassostrea gigas is increasingly being cultured in a great number of countries from animaIs originally introduced from Japan, and is one of the most exploited bivalve species in the EU (FAO, 1989). Although no serious pathogen was detected previously in Japanese oysters in Europe, mortalities have been observed since the introduction of this bivalve species into the EU. Thus, oyster cultivation may be endangered by the occurrence of epizootics, especially virus diseases, which are considered one of the maj or risks to production. Indeed, mortalities have been described among different species of ostreids and are associated with the presence of viruses belonging to various families. The first description of a virus was reported in adult Eastern oyters,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Pathology; Virology; Herpes-like infection; Detection; Diagnosis; Herpesviridae; Oyster; Crassostrea gigas; Mortality.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00044/15536/12915.pdf

Etude de la faisabilité d'élevages d'huîtres en eau profonde dans le Pertuis Charentais
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Heral, Maurice.
Le bassin de Marennes-Oléron, premier bassin ostréicole français est une baie chroniquement en surcharge. Les déficits de croissance et l'accroissement des mortalités non liées à des pathogènes se sont accentués parallèlement aux anomalies climatiques. Les 3 années de sécheresse (1989-1992) ont montré la grande dépendance pour la productivité de cet écosystème, aux apports d'eau douce estivaux, d'où les conflits pour l'usage de l'eau qui sont apparus. Sur le cheptel affaibli du bassin de Marennes-Oléron en 1993 a été identifiée une chlamydie-like qui altère les branchies des huîtres et qui devrait être un élément supplémentaire de fragilisation du cheptel. La conchyliculture en Charente-Maritime regroupe 4 500 conchyliculteurs qui exploitent 2 800...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Etude de site; Ostréiculture; Eau profonde; Zone de Culture; Huîtres creuses; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00048/15900/13328.pdf

Evaluation de la survie du naissain de captage naturel chez l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas en fonction de la période des pontes à partir de lots sélectionnés pour les caractères de survie et efforts de reproduction
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Degremont, Lionel; Bordeyne, Francois; Yonneau, Caroline; Maurouard, Elise; Nourry, Max.
Depuis 2008, les mortalités touchant le naissain Crassostrea gigas sont particulièrement élevées en France (&gt;70%), fragilisant de nombreuses entreprises ostréicoles. Cependant, une voie de sortie de crise proposée dès 2001 est la mise en place de programmes de sélection pour l’amélioration de la survie suite à la mise en évidence de la forte héritabilité de ce caractère au stade naissain chez C. gigas (Dégremont et al., 2007 ; Dégremont et al., 2010a). Ainsi, des familles d’huîtres C. gigas présentant des survies contrastées au stade naissain ont été reproduites et maintenues depuis 2002 par le Laboratoire de Génétique et Pathologie à la station Ifremer de La Tremblade. Ces lots d’huîtres ont été nommés « R » et « S » respectivement pour leur meilleure...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Sélection génétique; Naissain; Huîtres creuses; Crassostrea gigas; Reproduction.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00065/17643/15179.pdf

Is the Portuguese oyster Crassostrea angulata in Southern Europe endangered by the expansion of the Pacific oyster C. gigas?
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Batista, Frederico; Boudry, Pierre; Lapegue, Sylvie; Heurtebise, Serge; Monteiro, C. C.
The Portuguese oyster, Crassostrea angulata, was introduced from Portugal to the French Atlantic Coast in the 1860s. C. angulata quickly settled and expanded and leaded to the development of a new aquacultural industry in France. In the late 1960s, mortality associated with the detection of an iridovirus, led to the wipe out of C. angulata from French Atlantic waters and to the massive introduction of C. gigas to sustain production. In Southern Europe, similar symptoms were also observed in natural stocks of C. angulata from Sado River (Portugal) and from the area of Cadiz (Spain). Nowadays, only very few «pure» populations of C. angulata remain in southern Europe. These populations are potentially endangered by the current expansion of C. gigas...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Selection; Hybridization; Settlement pattern; Population genetic; Genetic; Oysters; Crassostrea angulata; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/acte-3310.pdf

A Functional Study of Transforming Growth Factor-Beta from the Gonad of Pacific Oyster Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Corporeau, Charlotte; Groisillier, Agnes; Jeudy, Alexandra; Barbeyron, Tristan; Fleury, Elodie; Fabioux, Caroline; Czjzek, Mirjam; Huvet, Arnaud.
The transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta superfamily is a group of important growth factors involved in multiple processes such as differentiation, cell proliferation, apoptosis and cellular growth. In the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, the oyster gonadal (og) TGF-beta gene was recently characterized through genome-wide expression profiling of oyster lines selected to be resistant or susceptible to summer mortality. Og TGF-beta appeared specifically expressed in the gonad to reach a maximum when gonads are fully mature, which singularly contrasts with the pleiotropic roles commonly ascribed to most TGF-beta family members. The function of og TGF-beta protein in oysters is unknown, and defining its role remains challenging. In this study, we develop a...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Transforming growth factor-beta; Bacterial expression; In vivo antibody inhibition; Reproduction; Crassostrea gigas; Marine bivalve.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00042/15371/13438.pdf

Impact of atrazine on somatic aneuploidy in cupped oysters, Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bouilly, Karine; Leitao, Alexandra; Mccombie, Helen; Chaves, R.; Guedes Pinto, H; Boudry, Pierre; Lapegue, Sylvie.
In the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas hypodiploid aneuploid cells with 2n=19, 18 or 17 chromosomes have regularly been reported. There is a negative correlation between somatic aneuploidy and growth rate in oysters (Leitão et al., 2001a) as well as evidence for a genetic basis (Leitão et al., 2001b). Furthermore, non-random chromosome loss has been demonstrated in aneuploid karyotypes of C. gigas using the G-banding technique (Leitão et al., 2001c). This poster summarises different studies used to investigate the effects of the herbicide atrazine on the level of aneuploidy in this species
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Genetic; Aneuploidy; Toxicology; Impact; Atrazine; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oysters.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/acte-3489.pdf

Changes in biochemical and hemocyte parameters of the pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas fed T-Iso supplemented with lipid emulsions rich in eicosapentaenoic acid
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Delaporte, Maryse; Chu, Fu-lin; Langdon, Chris; Moal, Jeanne; Lambert, Christophe; Samain, Jean-francois; Soudant, Philippe.
The aim of this study was to assess the effect of dietary eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3) on hemocyte parameters such as hemocyte concentration, phagocytosis, and non-stimulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas, as well on proximate biochemical and fatty acid compositions. One-year-old oysters (C. gigas) were fed T-Isochrysis aff. galbana(T-Iso), which is low in 20:5n-3, either alone or with supplements of a lipid emulsion rich in 20:5n-3 at 1%, 10% or 50% (dry weight of the algal ration) for up to 7 weeks. Changes in gill fatty acid composition demonstrated that the lipid emulsion was well ingested by oysters during the dietary conditioning. Biochemical analysis indicated that oysters fed supplements of 50%...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Polyunsaturated fatty acids; Immunology; Hemocytes; Eicosapentaenoic acid 20 : 5n 3; Crassostrea gigas; Bivalves.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-2604.pdf

Caractérisation précoce de la mortalité des lignées divergentes de Crassostrea gigas (G2)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Degremont, Lionel; Soletchnik, Patrick; Doner, Anne.
2001 shows how important the "R" and "S" biological families are for experimentation as well as the need to "preserve" these families from mortality during the first year. The "experimental nursing" conditions do not allow the conservation of dozens of families with many members for 6 to 8 months. Precocious characterisation at around 4-5 months enables a first selection of the biological material, as well as a first answer to the "in lab" genetical selection of the families. After the first results in 2001 (Céline de Ambroggi, LCPC, L. Degremont), two "precocious characterisation of mortality" experiments are carried out in 2002 on the divergent lineage of some genetical families (LGP production). Two 15 day long experiments are conducted in la Tremblade...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mortalités; Sélection; Physiologie; Genetique; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2002/acte-3406.pdf

Métabolisme de l'huître Crassostrea gigas stockée dans des dégorgeoirs conchylicoles, à différentes densités et saisons
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bougrier, Serge; Masson, Daniel; Geairon, Philippe; Fouche, Dominique; Leroy, Anne; Faury, Nicole; Ratiskol, Jacqueline.
One of the problems faced by oyster farmers in France is the immediate or delayed mortality of oysters in the storage tanks prior to shipping. This may be due to overstocking and/or improper water management. To investigate the problem, experiments were performed in commercial storage tanks stocked with oysters at different densities. The aim of this study was to provide some basic experimental data and guidelines for better handling of oysters prior to shipping
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Physiology; Oyster farmers; Crassostrea gigas; Oysters; Storage tanks; Physiologie; Ostréiculture; Dégorgeoirs; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres; Bassin stockage.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1991/acte-3047.pdf

Cytotoxic and antibacterial properties of Mytilus galloprovincialis, Ostrea edulis and Crassostrea gigas (bivalve molluscs) hemolymph
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Hubert, Florence; Van Der Knaap, Wil; Noel, Thierry; Roch, Philippe.
Mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) plasma contains cytotoxic activity against both vertebrate (erythrocytes and mouse tumour) and protozoan cells. Procaryotes (Escherichia coli and Vibrio alginolyticus) were not sensitive to the cytotoxicity. The activity was still present in dialyzed samples but was inhibited by heating at 45°C. Large individual variability which was not correlated with protein concentration and an increasing number of reactive specimens following injection, suggested that naive mussels were in various stages of immune response. Purification by anion exchange chromatography followed by gel filtration revealed a 320 kDa cytotoxic polymeric protein that acts through a polymerization process after binding onto target cell membranes as...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Cytotoxicité; Antibactérien; Hémolymphe; Lysat d'hémocyte; Moule; Huître; Mytilus galloprovincialis; Ostrea edulis; Crassostrea gigas; Cytotoxicity; Antibacterial; Hemolymph; Hemocyte lysate; Musssel; Oyster; Mytilus galloprovincialis; Ostrea edulis; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00039/15008/12333.pdf

Essais de propagation in vitro de virus de type herpès infectant les mollusques bivalves marins et contribution à l'étude des interactions hôte-virus
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Deniau, Stephane.
Des infections à virus de type herpès sont rapportées chez différentes espèces de mollusques bivalves, à travers le monde. Elles sont associées à de fortes mortalités de larves et de juvéniles, pendant les périodes chaudes de l'année. Ce type d'infection virale a été observé sous forme de cellules anormales au moyen de la microscopie photonique et de particules enveloppées à conformation icosaédrique, en microscopie électronique à transmission (MET). Aujourd'hui, il est possible de diagnostiquer la présence du virus grâce à des outils moléculaires tels que la polymérisation en chaîne (PCR) ou l'hybridation in situ (HIS). Cependant, l'absence de lignées cellulaires homologues représente une difficulté majeure. En effet, la recherche d'effet cytopathogène et...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mollusques bivalves; Crassostrea gigas; Huître japonaise; Infection; Herpèsvirus; Culture cellulaire; Propagation; Mécanisme de défense; Apoptose; Récepteur au TNF; Cytométrie de flux.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00025/13631/10714.pdf

Anomalies de croissance de la coquille de Crassostrea gigas dans le bassin de Marennes -Oléron. Bilan de toris années d'observation
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Heral, Maurice; Berthome, Jean-paul; Polanco Torres, E.; Alzieu, Claude; Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc; Razet, Daniel; Garnier, Jacqueline.
The appearance and changes of the oyster shell's gelatinous bags have been monitored since 1979. The increase in thickness that causes the growth into a "ball" can be explained by an overproduction of gel. The various environmental factors that can intervene in the secretion of gel are successively examined.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Oysters; Shell; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres; Coquille; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1981
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1981/acte-2943.pdf

Etude de la croissance et de la qualité de trois lots d'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas dans le bassin de Marennes-Oléron en 1979
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Berthome, Jean-paul; Fernandez-castro, Nora.
Three oyster samplers, collected in 1976, 77 and 78 have beer grown, each one after 3 differents densities in order to determine the influence of the load of breeding over growth and improvement of quality of oysters. The results show that quality of oysters is rapidly altered when the density of breeding increases and that gametogenesis physiolical prevails over growth, particularly for older oyster. A variation of the date of "détroquage" (oysters off supports that collect spat) will be determined, according to spat collecting and speed of spat growth. We are here suggesting a "production"coefficient.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marennes Oléron; Naissain; Croissance; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres.
Ano: 1980
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1980/acte-3002.pdf

Exposure to the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella modulates juvenile oyster Crassostrea gigas hemocyte variables subjected to different biotic conditions
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lassudrie, Malwenn; Soudant, Philippe; Nicolas, Jean-louis; Miner, Philippe; Le Grand, Jacqueline; Lambert, Christophe; Le Goic, Nelly; Hegaret, Helene; Fabioux, Caroline.
The Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas is an important commercial species cultured throughout the world. Oyster production practices often include transfers of animals into new environments that can be stressful, especially at young ages. This study was undertaken to determine if a toxic Alexandrium bloom, occurring repeatedly in French oyster beds, could modulate juvenile oyster cellular immune responses (i.e. hemocyte variables). We simulated planting on commercial beds by conducting a cohabitation exposure of juvenile, “specific pathogen-free” (SPF) oysters (naïve from the environment) with previously field-exposed oysters to induce interactions with new microorganisms. Indeed, toxic Alexandrium spp. exposures have been reported to modulate bivalve...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Alexandrium; Harmful algal blooms; Hemocyte; Microbial challenge.
Ano: 2016
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00314/42523/41894.pdf

Croissance de l'huitre japonaise Crassostrea gigas en cylindre rotatif Stanway. Premiers resultats en France
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Robert, Rene; Maurer, Daniele.
A new method of oyster cultivation, the Stanway oyster cylinder, has been experimented in the basin of Arcachon since the autumn of 1989. The first observations on three species of juvenile bivalves showed that this system could be successfully used with the Japanese oyster Crassostrea gigas . A comparative study of the growth of this last species, reared in cylinders and oyster bags, has been carried out since spring 1990. The first results showed that the growth of juveniles and 18 months old oysters in cylinders is not as good as in bags. On the other hand, mortality did not differ between both techniques: less than 3%. This new system seems to be less efficient than the traditional French way of rearing oysters. However, an improvement in the quality...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Bivalvia; Juveniles; Oyster culture; Growth; Rearing.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-917.pdf

Contrôle des performances biologiques de populations diploïdes et triploïdes d'huîtres creuses Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Benhaim, David.
Un programme concerannt le contrôle des perforùances biologiques de lots diploïdes et triploïdes d'huîtres creuses Crassostrea gigas a débuté en mars 1993 à La Tremblade et dans d'autres station IFREMER associées. Le présent rapport rend compte des cinq premiers mois d'analyses faisant partie d'un contrôle qui devrait se poursuivre jusqu'en 1994. A La Tremblade, l'expéreince repose principalement sur la comparaison des paramètres biométriques et biochimiques des lots diploïdes et triploïdes en deux sites d'étude : un parc ostréicole sur le bassin de Marennes-Oléron et une claire. Les individus diploïdes réfractaires du lot triploïde, sont identifiés par imagerie numérique et écartés des analyses. Les résultats obtenus montrent une difféence marquée entre...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Triploïdes; Diploïde; Estran; Croissance; Biochimie.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00411/52220/52948.pdf

Activité comparée chez les espèces Crassostrea angulata Lmk et Crassostrea gigas Thunberg, en hiver
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: His, Edouard.
L'espèce Crassostrea gigas a été introduite en 1969 à titre d'essai par de nombreux ostréiculteurs du bassin d'Arcachon. La comparaison des vitesses de croissance de cette nouvelle espèce et de l'huître indigène C. angulata est nettement à l'avantage de l'huître japonaise. Cette dernière atteint la taille marchande dans la plupart des cas dès la première année d''immersion dans la baie alors qu'il faut généralement de deux à trois ans pour obtenir le même résultat avec l'huître portugaise.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ostréiculture; Huître; Crassostrea angulata; Crassostrea gigas; Physiologie; Comparaison; Bassin Arcachon; Gironde.
Ano: 1971
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00009/11979/8683.pdf

L'élevage de l'huître creuse à Marennes-Oléron en 1987 : Estimation des stocks cultivés
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bodoy, Alain; Geairon, Philippe.
Le bassin de Marennes-Oléron est le premier centre ostréicole de France, avec un stock de 93 700 tonnes en août 1987. L'opération d'échantillonnage a montré que ce chiffre comprenait 36 500 tonnes pour l'élevage à plat, 33 000 tonnes pour la première phase d'élevage sur tables, qui concerne l'élevage sur collecteurs de captage et 24 200 tonnes pour la phase finale représentée par l'élevage en poche. Le niveau du stock est en augmentation constante depuis 1984. L'importance pondérale de chaque classe d'âge est susceptible de fluctuer très largement puisque des huîtres âgées de 1 an représentaient 4 400 tonnes en 1987, alors que la classe d'âge correspondante représentait 17 000 tonnes en 1986. Ceci est dû aux variations annuelles du captage. Une méthode...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ostréiculture; Stocks; Captage; Croissance; Production; Huîtres creuses; Crassostrea gigas; Marennes Oléron; Charente Maritime.
Ano: 1988
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00014/12480/9326.pdf

BABE : Comparaison des sites de Ronce et Baie de Veys, incidence sur la reproduction et les mortalités : Ecologie côtière, mortalités, croissance, environnement - Physiologie - Immunologie
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick; Le Moine, Olivier; Faury, Nicole; Guilpain, Patrice; Geairon, Philippe; Razet, Daniel; Seugnet, Jean-luc; Robert, Stephane; Ropert, Michel; Simonne, Charlotte; Hugonnet, Virginie; Moal, Jeanne; Pouvreau, Stephane; Huvet, Arnaud; Samain, Jean-francois; Lambert, Christophe; Soudant, Philippe; Frouel, Stephane; Choquet, Gwenaelle; Delaporte, Maryse; Paillard, Christine.
Four laboratories are involved in this multidisciplinary study: the Conchological Laboratory of Normandie (LCN), the Invertebrates Physiology Laboratory (LPI), the Université Bretagne Occidentale (LEMAR IHP) and the Conchological Laboratory of Poitou-Charentes (LCPC). The part of the study which is presented here (thematics "Coastal ecology") was produced in collaboration with the LCN. The data on the Bay of Veys was collected by Michel Ropert. This study aims at observing the "sites" effect on mortality and on the general biology of the animal, as well as measuring some environmental elements (e.g. water temperature, etc.). The geographical sites are Gefosse in the Bay of Veys (East Cotentin) and the Ronce bank in the south of the Marennes Oléron Bay. The...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Immunologie; Physiologie; Paramètres environnementaux; Croissance; Ecologie côtière; Baies des Veys Cotentin; Ronce   Charente Maritime; Comparaison sites; Reproduction; Mortalités; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2002/acte-3405.pdf

Estimation des stocks sauvages d'huîtres creuses dans les pertuis charentais en 2010
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick; Geairon, Philippe; Le Moine, Olivier; Robert, Serge.
Une évaluation des stocks d’huîtres sauvages est effectuée en 2010 au cours d’une campagne visant à mesurer le risque de contamination des huîtres sauvages par les huîtres d’élevage et inversement, dans le contexte de l’épidémie à herpes virus qui touche l’ostréiculture depuis 2008. L’investigation conduite sur 21 secteurs des pertuis charentais, incluant les cotes Ouest des îles de Ré et d’Oléron, font apparaître une très forte hétérogénéité de répartition des stocks d’huîtres sauvages, fortement concentrées à l’Est des pertuis Breton et d’Antioche. L’estimation faite à partir des 21 secteurs est d’environ 35000 tonnes d’huîtres sauvages ; stock probablement sous estimé car certaines zones rocheuses modestes n’ont pas été étudiées. Quoiqu’il en soit, la...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Stocks sauvages; Stocks naturels; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Bassin de Marennes.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00084/19485/17104.pdf

Enhancing resistance to Vibrio aestuarianus in Crassostrea gigas by selection
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Dégremont, Lionel; Azéma, Patrick; Maurouard, Elise; Travers, Marie-agnes.
Ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1) and Vibrio aestuarianus are the two main pathogens affecting the production of French oyster (Crassostrea gigas). The absence of genetic correlation between the two diseases is promising for the development of stocks with dual resistance. Using unselected and selected oysters concerning enhanced resistance to OsHV-1 infection, we investigated the first generation of mass selection and the response to selection to increase the resistance to V. aestuarianus for two stocks. For each stock, four groups were produced in June 2013 using either parents unchallenged with the bacteria or counterparts that survived experimental infections by the bacteria. Thus, groups were unselected oysters for both pathogens, selected for either the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Realized heritability; Vibrio aestuarianus; OsHV-1; Disease resistance.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00628/74033/73362.pdf

Influence of OSHV-1 oyster mortality episode on dissolved inorganic fluxes: An ex situ experiment at the individual scale
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Richard, Marion; Bourreau, Juliette; Montagnani, Caroline; Ouisse, Vincent; Le Gall, Patrik; Fortune, Martine; Munaron, Dominique; Messiaen, Gregory; Callier, Myriam; Roque D'Orbcastel, Emmanuelle.
Ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1 μvar) infection has caused significant mortalities in juvenile oysters (Crassostrea gigas). In contrast to the practices of other animal production industries, sick and dead oysters are not separated from live ones and are left to decay in the surrounding environment, with unknown consequences on fluxes of dissolved materials. A laboratory approach was used in this study to test the influence of oyster mortality episode on dissolved inorganic fluxes at the oyster interface, dissociating (i) the effect of viral infection on metabolism of juvenile oysters and (ii) the effect of flesh decomposition on oxygen consumption and nutrient releases at the individual scale. Nine batches of juvenile oysters (Individual Total wet weight...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Mortality; Ostreid herpesvirus 1; Juvenile; Spat; Mineralisation; Oxygen consumption; Nutrient fluxes.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00378/48973/49380.pdf

Experimental ostreid herpesvirus 1 infection of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas: Kinetics of virus DNA detection by q-PCR in seawater and in oyster samples
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Schikorski, David; Faury, Nicole; Pepin, Jean-francois; Saulnier, Denis; Tourbiez, Delphine; Renault, Tristan.
Herpes- and herpes-like viruses are known to infect a wide range of bivalve mollusc species throughout the world. Abnormal summer mortalities associated to the detection of ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1) have been currently reported in France among larvae and spat of the Pacific cupped oyster Crassostrea gigas.  In the present work, we have developed an experimental protocol of horizontal transmission based on the cohabitation between healthy and experimentally infected oysters. Through a cohabitation trial, the kinetics of OsHV-1 detection in different oyster organs and seawater samples were investigated and characterized for the first time using real time quantitative PCR.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ostreid herpesvirus 1; Cupped Pacific oyster; Crassostrea gigas; Experimental infection; Kinetic viral DNA quantification.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00025/13607/10688.pdf

REMONOR : Résultats 2003. Evaluation de la mortalité, croissance et qualité des huîtres creuses
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Simonne, Charlotte; Pien, S.; Hugonnet, Virginie; Le Gagneur, Eric; Ropert, Michel; Kopp, Joel; Richard, O.
The network named REMONOR (REseau MOllusqueNORmandie) aims to assess mortality, growth and tissue quality of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, cultivated in Normandy over an annual cycle. This local network relies on the same material and methods as the national one named REMORA (REseau Mollusques Ressources Aquacoles). The study was carried out in 17 sites, which were distributed in the four basins where oyster rearing occurs in Normandy (West and East coast of Cotentin, Baie des Veys and Meuvaines). In 2003, a new site was added, which was located in the area of Ver-Sur-Mer (Calvados). The results obtained in 2003 showed a low annual mortality for adults (8%) as well as for juveniles (10%). Growth was also low for the two age classes of oyster...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: REMORA; Quality; Growth; Mortality; Normandy; REMONOR; Crassostrea gigas; REMORA; Qualité; Croissance; Mortalité; Basse Normandie; REMONOR; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/rapport-2246.pdf

Programme qualité des huîtres creuses Crassostrea gigas : 1ère année (1995)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Baud, Jean-pierre; Goyard, Emmanuel.
Variability of oyster quality at marketable size in winter was assesed by using a proportional sampling strategy based upon the yearly production of the oyster packing house. Landings per unit of production were estimated using the number of commercialized sanitary certification labels or/and the annual landings declared to the Veterinary Services. The range of variability for 15 parameters was estimated using the national monitoring network (REMORA) data outputs and a regional questionnaire. Both data sources showed similar results. Condition indices and morphological factors led to the highest variability. However, these conclusions should be confirmed by additional studies considering seasonal trends to assess the described quantitative relationships.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Programme qualité; Huître creuses; Crassostrea gigas; Quality monitoring network; Oyster; Crasssotrea gigas.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00047/15871/13290.pdf

The use of size and growing height to improve Crassostrea gigas farming and breeding techniques against OsHV-1
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Azema, Patrick; Maurouard, Elise; Lamy, Jean-baptiste; Degremont, Lionel.
Mortality associated with ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1) has significantly impacted Crassostrea gigas farmers all around the world. Although selective breeding programs to improve OsHV-1 resistance can significantly reduce the mortality rate below 20%, husbandry practices have also been one way to limit or decrease mortality. The main objectives of this study were to describe the influence of two husbandry practices on OsHV-1-induced mortality in C. gigas spat and how different family lines respond to husbandry practices to gain a better understanding of the potential benefits of breeding management as a tool to adapt to improved practices. The first analysis investigated the importance of the size of C. gigas when challenged with OsHV-1 for the first...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mortality; Crassostrea gigas; Size; OsHV-1; Growing height.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00366/47717/47758.pdf

Infection expérimentale chez Crassostrea gigas : étude de deux souches pathogènes apparentées à Vibrio splendidus
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gay, Melanie.
Infectious diseases are a limiting factor to the development and sustainability of aquaculture. For mollusc cultures, only prophylactic measures may be applied, their development usually facilitated by the reproduction of the disease under experimental conditions. To develop an experimental infection in Crassostrea gigas, Vibrio strains were isolated and their virulence was experimentally evaluated. Collaboration phenomena between some strains were observed in infection trial, leading to higher mortality rate when two strains are concomitantly inoculated. Two pathogenic strains, belonging to the polyphyletic group of Vibrio splendidus and named 31 and 32 illustrate this phenomenon. They induce extensive alterations of the adductor muscle in C. gigas. The...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Collaboration between strains; Inhibitory strains; Experimental infections; Vibrio splendidus; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oyster; Mollusc diseases; Collaboration entre souches; Souches inhibitrices; Infections expérimentales; Vibrio splendidus; Crassostrea gigas; Huître creuse; Pathologie des mollusques.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/these-328.pdf

Genetic bases and variability of physiological traits involved in growth in Crassostrea gigas - Third Progress Report 1st January-31st December 1998 - Contract N°FAIR 95-421 Commission of the European Communities
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gerard, Andre; Boudry, Pierre; Bougrier, Serge; Buestel, Dominique; Samain, Jean-francois; Hawkins, A. J. S.; Wilins, N.; Zouros, Eleftherios; Bonhomme, Francois; Thiriot Quievreux, Catherine.
The EU project "GENEPHYS", initiated by the IFREMER laboratory GAP-La Tremblade (Génétique Aquaculture et Pathologie) and CREMA-l'Houmeau (Centre de Recherche en Ecologie Marine et Aquaculture), aims to establish the relationships between physiological traits involved in growth (oxygen consumption, absorption efficiency, scope for growth) and their genetic bases (determinism, variability within and among populations) in cupped oyster Crassostrea gigas. The main bjectives are : 1. To express the maximum variability of growth, both at the larval stage and at the adult stage, in a oyster population originating from parents of various origins. 2. To check the persistence over the time, of growth performance and related physiological functions. 3. To explain...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Genetic; Determinism; Variability; Physilogy; Oxygen consumption; Growth; Absorption efficiency; Oysters; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00050/16151/13634.pdf

Approche moléculaire des effets de polluants sur l'infection à virus OsHV-1 (Ostreid Herpesvirus 1) chez l'huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Moreau, Kevin.
Des mortalités chez l'huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas, ont été associées au virus OsHV-1 (Oyster herpes virus 1) au stade larvaire et chez des juvéniles. Cependant, aucune mortalité liée à ce virus n'a été rapportée chez les animaux adultes. Cette observation laisse suspecter l'existence de mécanismes dirigés contre ce virus chez cette espèce. Il a peu de connaissances à l'heure actuelle sur les mécanismes de défense antivirale chez les bivalves, en particulier chez l'huître creuse, C. gigas, comme étant sur-exprimés en présence du virus. Ces gènes, s'ils ne peuvent être considérés comme des gènes de défense à proprement parlé, participent à la réponse de l'huître vis à vis du virus. Par ailleurs, des polluants comme les pesticides sont susceptibles de...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; OsHV-1; Pesticides; Expression génétique; RT-PCR semi-quantative.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00032/14339/11622.pdf

Comparaison des performances d'élevage et de la vitalité de naissain d'huîtres creuses Crassostrea Gigas, en 3 sites du Morbihan (Rivière d'Auray et Baie de Quiberon), de mai 1999 à mars 2000
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Mazurie, Joseph; Fleury, Pierre-gildas; Claude, Serge; Hirata, Toshio; Langlade, Aime; Martin, Anne-genevieve; North, Benjamin.
Summer mortalities of young oysters have been studied in 1999 through the monitoring of a unique oyster batch distributed among 3 sites located from upstream of an estuary (Fort-Espagnol, Auray river) to downstream (Kerpenhir, Auray river) up to open bay (Men er Roué, Bay of Quiberon). Mortality and growth have been monitered in parallel with vitality indices, so as to try or identify periods of weakness of oysters. The spat grew from a mean weight of 3 g, in the beginning of May to around 35 g in November, without sharp differences between sites. The summer mortalities remained moderate (10 %) in the 2 most marine stations, whereas a light peak of mortality (15 %) was recorded in July in the most continental station. Any of the physico-chemical parameters...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Rivière d'Auray; Quiberon; Mortalité; Vitalité; Valvomètre; Force musculaire; Perte de sel; Cupped oyster; Spat; Gigas; Auray river; Of Quiberon; Mortality; Vitality; Valvometer; Muscle force; Salt loss; Hermeticity.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00025/13632/10713.pdf

A methology for the stocks assessments of cultivated oysters among along the French Atlantic coasts
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bacher, Cedric; Baud, Jean-pierre; Bodoy, Alain; Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc; Dreno, Jean-paul; Heral, Maurice; Maurer, Daniele; Prou, Jean.
An assessment of the reared stocks of the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas ) has been recently conducted on the major French areas of molluscs culture. The methodology proposed included both estimates of densities obtained by subsampling in the field, and aerial photographs which covered the cultivated, intertidal area. The size and the number of samples were designed to reach a precision of 10% on the final assessment in each area. The field work consisted in weighing and counting the oyster in unit areas of 0.5 m2 for the bottom culture or in trays or bags, for the off bottom technique. These results give a better knowledge of the technique evolution and of the general structures in the cultivated areas.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Modeling; Estimation; Stocks; Crassostrea gigas; Oysters.
Ano: 1986
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1986/acte-2864.pdf

Compte rendu final du projet Triplofimer : Fiabilité et qualité de la production de naissains triploïdes d'huître creuse (Crassostrea gigas)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Suquet, Marc; Agogue, Julie; Brizard, Raphael; Haffray, Pierrick; Labbe, Catherine; Le Coz, Jean-rene; Pepin, Jean-francois; Rault, Paul; Saulnier, Denis.
Ce rapport fait état d'une étude réalisée au laboratoire de Génétique et Pathologie de l'IFREMER dans le cadre de l'analyse d'épisodes de mortalité anormale survenue en écloserie privée de crevettes pénéides. Plusieurs hypothèses ont été avancées. La présence de Vibrio harveyi a amené à constituer une collection de 40 souches à partir desquelles une identification bactériologique a été effectuée. Elle montre en effet une dominance de souches appartenant à un groupe homogène de Vibrio harveyi. La technique de ribotypage (digestion d'ADN génomique, transfert de Southem-blot et hybridation avec une sonde spécifique) est alors mise en place. Plusieurs difficultés techniques ont ralenti l'analyse et n'ont donc pas permis d'avoir des résultats assez avancés pour...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Tétraploïdes; Sperme; Conservation; Diagnostic zoo-sanitaire; Flore bactérienne; Herpès virus.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00304/41554/40762.pdf

Magnetic resonance imaging as a means to assess the body growth and the gonad development of the oyster Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Hatt, Philippe-jacques; Davenel, Armel; Eliat, Pierre-antoine; Quellec, Stephane.
To make a preliminary exploration of the possibilities and limits of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for assessing body growth and gonad development of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, individual monitoring was conducted on diploid and triploid oysters in their second year, maintained from February to October in a pond on the French Atlantic coast. Magnetic resonance imaging was done on each oyster on five dates during the study period. From these images, variations in the volumes of the flesh, digestive gland-gonad and adductor muscle, and the surface of the gills were measured over time. Apart from the well known differences between diploids and triploids related to maturation of gametes, other original observations of assessing growth were made...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Oyster; Gonad development; Growth; Magnetic resonance imaging; MRI.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/publication-6872.pdf

"First class oysters" : progress and constgraints in genetic improvement of the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Boudry, Pierre.
The most significant genetic improvement for the production of Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) up until now has been obtained through the production of triploids, particularly since the development of tetraploids in the mid 90s. Alternatively, quantitative genetics studies suggest that significant gains could be obtained in traits of aquacultural interest. However, the limited extent of hatchery propagation (compared with natural recruitment) in some countries and/or technical difficulties and biological characteristics of this species have retarded the development of selective breeding programs for C. gigas. Individual selection can however be performed easily in such a highly fecund species, though it often leads to small effective population sizes...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Selective breeding; Genetic; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oysters.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/acte-3462.pdf

Infection virale associée à des mortalités chez l'huître Crassostrea gigas Thunberg
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Comps, Michel; Bonami, Jean-robert.
Some viral particles close to the lridovirus are described in the cytoplasm of some connective cells in the Japanese oyster Crassostrea gigas. This virus looks similar to the one described in Crassostrea angulata and associated with the mortalities of 1970-1973 and to the one observed in the gill damages in the same species.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Virus; Mortalité; Pathologie; Crassostrea gigas; Huître.
Ano: 1977
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1977/publication-6082.PDF

Estimation des stocks d'huîtres sauvages sur les zones non concédées de la partie vendéenne de la Baie de Bourgneuf en 2004
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Martin, Jean-louis; Haure, Joel; Dupuy, Beatrice; Nourry, Max; Palvadeau, Hubert; Papin, Mathias; Penisson, Christian; Thouard, Emmanuel.
La baie de Bourgneuf est un bassin de 34000 ha dont l'activité ostréicole représente à elleseule plus de 95% du chiffre d'affaire local réalisé par la production conchylicole. Lesdifférentes études qui ont été réalisées ont montré que le stock d'huîtres en élevage (40000t) et la production annuelle (13000 t) qui en est issue variaient peu au cours des années (Barillé-Boyer et al., 1997, Haure et al. , 2003). Toutefois, les performances de croissance, ainsi que la qualité des huîtres produites sont médiocres et place ce bassin au dernier rang des sites français de production (données du réseau REMORA). Plusieurs études ont été entreprises, pour expliquer ce phénomène, par l'approche de la capacité trophique de cet écosystème et l'estimation des biomasses...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Conchyliculture; Biomasse; Stocks; Huîtres creuses; Crassostrea gigas; Baie de Bourgneuf.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00048/15877/13299.pdf

Bilan de l'année 1996 : Cultures d'huîtres en eaux profondes ; Suivi de l'activité physiologique de C. gigas sur le banc de Ronce (mortalités anormales sur le banc de Ronce) ; Valorisation des claires ostréicoles
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Goulletquer, Philippe; Le Moine, Olivier; Soletchnik, Patrick; Razet, Daniel; Turpin, Vincent; Robert, Jean-michel; Gras, Paul; Faury, Nicole; Geairon, Philippe; Taillade, Sylvie; Lodato, Marie; Lagarde, Franck.
La contractualisation SRC/IFREMER-URAPC concernait en 1996 trois actions spécifiques : • Expertise pour les cultures d'huîtres en eaux profondes, • Suivi de l'activité physiologique sur le banc de Ronce, • Valorisation des claires ostréicoles - optimisation du processus d'affinage. Le premier thème n'a pu être abordé que via les différentes réunions préparatoires SRC Ré Centre Ouest, Marennes-Oléron et les commissions des cultures marines. Depuis l'accord de la CCM de La Rochelle en date du 11/04/1996, le dossier reste en attente d'un accord budgétaire des différents partenaires. Le second thème concerne le suivi de l'activité physiologique des huîtres creuses sur le banc ostréicole de Ronce-Perquis. La méthodologie est basée sur l'utilisation d'un...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ostréiculture; Elevage en eaux profondes; Crassostrea gigas; Physilogie; Mortalité; Claire ostréicole; Bassin de Marennes Oléron; Charente-Maritime.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00102/21316/18936.pdf

Bivalve hatchery technology: The current situation for the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas and the scallop Pecten maximus in France
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Robert, Rene; Gerard, Andre.
The French oyster farming industry relies almost exclusively on juveniles collected from the natural environment; the supply of spat produced by hatcheries is low, about 10% of the industry's requirements. Development through selective breeding of oyster stocks which are better suited for aquaculture purposes, is likely to reverse this tendency since only hatcheries will be able to supply such animals. Scallop farming, which at present is poorly developed in France, relies exclusively on hatchery produced spat. Although hatchery technology is constantly being improved, significant production problems remain which must be solved before hatcheries become a major supplier of juveniles for the industry. This paper describes the present state of hatchery...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Pecten maximus; Crassostrea gigas; Hatchery; Molluscan rearing; Pecten maximus; Crassostrea gigas; Ecloserie; Élevage de bivalve.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1999/publication-861.pdf

Etude des mécanismes antiviraux développés par l'huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Didier, Yohann.
La compréhension des mécanismes de défense développés par les bivalves et plus particulièrement dans cette étude, par l'huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas, est une étape fondamentale pour la pérennisation de la conchyliculture. La disparition de l'huître portugaise, Crassostrea angulata, du littoral français a bouleversés l'ostréiculture des années 70 qui a dû s'adapter en substituant C. angulata par l'huître creuse japonaise, C. gigas, espèce peu ou pas sensible aux Iridoviridae. L'impact d'une nouvelle épizootie de ce type poserait des problèmes économiques et sociaux dans le milieu ostréicole. Il apparaît dans ce contexte important de mieux comprendre les mécanismes de défense développés par les coquillages, tout particulièrement vis à vis des infections...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Herpes vrus; Hémocytes; Bivalves.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00025/13633/10715.pdf

Effets de facteurs environnementaux (émersion, ressource alimentaire, ...) sur la survie de naissains d'huîtres creuses dans les pertuis charentais
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick; Geairon, Philippe; Le Moine, Olivier; Robert, Stephane.
Des observations faites en 2009 et 2010 en estuaire de la Seudre montrent que la survie du naissain d’huîtres sauvages s’échelonne de 90% à 10% sur une structure verticale en béton, selon l’altitude de fixation. Plusieurs hypothèses proposées alors, relèvent : de la sélection précoce, de la résistance physiologique, de l’exposition à de plus fortes températures, du temps de présence dans l’eau (contamination et ressource trophique), et de la relation des naissains avec le sédiment. En 2010 et 2011, des expérimentations seront réalisées pour tester ces différentes hypothèses ; En 2010, sur le site ostréicole d’Agnas (bassin de Marennes Oléron) l’expérimentation vise à préciser l’effet de l’altitude des parcs, de l’exposition et de la déplétion, par «...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mortalité; Naissain; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Pertuis Charentais; Pratiques culturales.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00084/19478/17101.pdf

Spatio-temporal changes in mortality, growth and condition of the pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, in Normandy (France)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Royer, J; Ropert, Michel; Costil, K.
Summer mortalities have been observed in French shellfish areas (including Normandy) since 1994, but origin of this syndrome remains unclear and is suspected to be caused by a combination of several interacting extrinsic (biotic and abiotic) and intrinsic (genetic, physiological, immunological) factors. The French research program, MOREST aimed to identify the origin of oyster summer mortality along the French coast, focusing on the interactions between oysters, their pathogens, and the environment. The present study analyzed spatio-temporal variation in growth, condition and mortality in spat, and half-grown and market-sized oysters reared from February 2000 to October 2003 at six stations within two different areas in the Bay of Veys, Normandy: Grandcamp...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: France English Channel; Growth; Summer mortality; Crassostrea gigas; Oyster.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-4733.pdf

Caractérisation des mortalités de C. gigas dans leurs écosystèmes. Rapport du thème I du projet Morest en 2004
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick; Ropert, Michel.
L'objectif de ce thème est de préciser les relations entre Mortalités et Environnement, en déclinant cette relation à travers les "risques environnementaux" caractérisés depuis le début du programme MOREST. La température, les bassins versant et/ou l'eau douce, la ressource trophique, le compartiment sédimentaire, autant de facteurs impliqués directement ou indirectement dans les processus de mortalité. Ces facteurs d'influence "externes" sont étudiés à différentes échelles d'espace (du national au régional) et de temps (Interannuel à saisonnier) en s'appuyant à la fois sur des données issues de bases institutionnelles (REMORA, REPHY, METEO-FRANCE) mais également sur les résultats de terrain observés depuis le début du programme MOREST sur les 3 sites...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mortalité estivale; Huîtres creuses; Crassostrea gigas; Bassin de Marennes Oléron; MOREST.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00164/27551/25716.pdf

Concomitant herpes-like virus infections in hatchery-reared larvae and nursery-cultured spat Crassostrea gigas and Ostrea edulis
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Renault, Tristan; Le Deuff, Rose-marie; Chollet, Bruno; Cochennec, Nathalie; Gerard, Andre.
Concomitant sporadic high mortalities were reported in France in May 1994 among batches of hatchery-reared larval Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas and European flat oysters Ostrea edulis in 2 hatcheries, and in June and July 1994 among batches of cultured spat of both species in a shellfish nursery. Histological observation showed the presence of cellular abnormalities in moribund animals. Transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence of herpes-like virus particles in infected larvae and spat of both oyster species. This is the first description of a herpes-like virus infection in larval O.. edulis. Viruses observed in diseased larvae and spat of both species are similar with respect to ultrastructure and morphogenesis, They were detected...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Apoptosis; Virus replication; Concomitant infection; Oyster mortality; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oyster; Ostrea edulis; European flat oyster; Herpes like virus.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2000/publication-820.pdf

Caractéristiques des mortalités estivales de l'huître Crassostrea gigas dans le bassin d'Arcachon
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Maurer, Daniele; Comps, Michel; His, Edouard.
Summer mortalities in the Pacific oyster in the Bay of Arcachon were analysed during four years (1981 to 1984). Mortalities occur mostly among one year old oyster and affect the whole bay, with different prevalence. The phenomenon occurs at certain times during the summer spawning period and is associated with high temperatures. A thinning of the digestive tubule epithelium is observed, but there is no evidence of infectious disease. The failure to find a causative agent, pollution or pathogen, tends to strengthen a physiological disorder hypothesis, related to environmental conditions. The influence of external (temperature, available food) and internai factors (length, maturation, spawning) on this phenomenon is discussed. A comparaison is drawn with...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bay of Arcachon; Summer mortalities; Crassostrea gigas; Bassin d'Arcachon; Mortalités estivales; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1986
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1986/publication-4318.pdf

Niveau de ploïdie des huîtres des bassins de captage de Marennes-Oléron et Arcachon
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Cornette, Florence; Grouhel, Stephanie; Sharbel, Tim; Boudry, Pierre; Goulletquer, Philippe; Lapegue, Sylvie.
La mise en place du réseau « biovigilance » résulte des recommandations formulées dans le cadre de l’expertise indépendante demandée par le Comité Scientifique du Ministère de l’Agriculture et de la Pêche concernant « l’effet d’un flux éventuel d’huîtres tétraploïdes dans les zones conchylicoles ». Il avait été alors préconisé de réaliser « une biovigilance légère, avec mesure régulière du taux d’huîtres tétraploïdes dans les bassins conchylicoles ». Le sous-projet « Réseau biovigilance » s’inscrit dans le projet Ifremer « Typologie et surveillance des systèmes de productions aquacoles » du programme de recherches «Durabilité des systèmes de production » du thème « Surveillance et optimisation des productions aquacoles ». Ce réseau a pour objectif d’être...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Reproduction; Captage; Arcachon; Marennes Oléron; Génétique; Crassostrea gigas; Ploïdie; Huîtres.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00043/15445/12815.pdf

Génétique des huîtres
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gras, Marie-paule; Gras, Paul.
Following the high mortality which killed the Portuguese oysters Crassostrea angulata cultivated on the French coasts, the massive establishment of Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas, resisting the disease and the creation of artificial deposits for the latter was decided. In most culture areas, the mortality was estimated at more than 80 % of the stock, but, in some regions, some small populations of Crassostrea angulata subsisted and kept on reproducing. A genetic control of the spawner stocks had to be made. The first step was to know if the oysters living in the same areas were of the same species in order to foresee the next generations and try to improve them (selection).
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Sélection; Determination; Crassostrea gigas; Crassostea angulata; Huîtres; Génétique.
Ano: 1977
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1977/acte-6579.pdf

REMORA. Résultats de l'année 93
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Littaye-mariette, A.
What is REMORA? REMORA &amp;#8722;REseau MOllusques du département Ressources Aquacoles&amp;#8722; (Aquaculture Resources Department Mollusc Network) is a surveillance network dedicated to the growth of hollow oysters Crassostrea gigas. In the past and in most production areas, observations were made on a regular basis. In 1993, homogenising experimental protocols between the different laboratories involved was decided, as well as using a common initial oyster batch, therefore organizing a network covering all of the French coasts. This network aims at providing, each year, the production's basic characteristics found in main oyster beds (growth reference). It also better characterizes variations and shows potential tendencies.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: France; Growth; Network of  monitoring; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1994/rapport-1754.pdf

Developpement des veligeres de Crassostrea gigas dans le bassin d'Arcachon. Etudes sur les mortalites larvaires.
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: His, Edouard; Robert, Rene.
Experiments in the hatchery rearing of C. gigas larvae showed that: the antifouling paints represent a real danger for spatting areas; the larvae of Arcachon breeding stocks grown in the seawater taken from the Bay develop normally in the laboratory; and, the growth of the larvae, collected from the Bay of Arcachon and reared in hatchery at 18 degree C, confirms that the last summer temperature regimes could not explain the abnormalities. It also confirms the good quality of the seawater of the bay for C. gigas reproduction.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Bivalvia; Environmental effects; Veligers; Oyster culture.
Ano: 1983
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1983/publication-1835.pdf

Suivi de la reproduction dans le bassin de Marennes-Oléron : de la moule, Mytilus edulis et  de l'huître, Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Malestroit, Pascale; Piquet, Jean-come; Kantin, Roger.
Dans le cadre de la contractualisation Ifremer / SRC intitulée « Actions de l'Ifremer au profit de la Section Régionale Conchylicole de Marennes-Oléron (année 2001) », l'action 3 prévoit le suivi de la reproduction de la moule (Mytilus edulis) et de l'huître (Crassostrea gigas) dans le bassin de Marennes-Oléron.  Son but est triple : ~ détecter les émissions larvaires, ~ suivre dans le temps le devenir des cohortes de larves, ~ permettre la fourniture des informations aux professionnels. Pendant la saison 2001, des pêches de larves de moules ont été réalisées au point &lt;&lt;Boyard», à la demande des mytiliculteurs. En outre, afin d'informer les ostréiculteurs, des pêches de larves d'huîtres ont été effectuées aux points « Coux », « les Faulx », « les...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marennes Oléron; Captage; Larves; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres; Mytilus edulis; Moules; Reproduction.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2001/rapport-6570.PDF

Study of atrazine effects on Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, haemocytes
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gagnaire, Beatrice; Renault, Tristan; Bouilly, Karine; Lapegue, Sylvie; Thomas-guyon, H.
Shellfish farming is an important economic activity around the world. This activity often takes place in areas subjected to various recurring pollutions. The recrudescent use of herbicides in agriculture including atrazine implies pollutant transfer towards aquatic environment in estuarine areas. Harmful effects of such substances on animals in marine environment, particularly on cultured bivalves, are poorly documented. Bivalve molluscs such as mussels and oysters have been postulated as ideal indicator organisms because of their way of life. They filter large volumes of seawater and may therefore accumulate and concentrate eontaJ.11inants within their tissues. Moreover, development of techniques allowing effect analysis of such compounds on bivalve...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Haemocytes; Flow cytometry; Atrazine; Cellular activities; Toxicity.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/publication-2827.pdf

Utilisation d'un marqueur microsatellite pour l'étude des contributions parentales chez l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Hervouet, Veronique.
Les marqueurs génétiques très polymorphes sont des outils particulièrement intéressants pour l'analyse de contributions parentales. Dans notre étude, nous avons utilisé un marqueur microsatellite pour analyser les contributions parentales dans deux croisements contrôlés chez l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas. 5 mâles et 5 femelles, hétérozygotes à ce locus, et portant chacun des allèles différents (soit 20 allèles ségrégés au total) ont été croisés de deux manières différents: soit en mélangeant toutes les gamètes mâles d'une part, toutes les gamètes femelles d'autre part, et en réalisant un croisement entre ces deux mélanges; soit en fécondant séparément chacune des 5 femelles par chacun de 5 mâles, soit 25 croisement séparés. Pour le deuxième type de...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Contributions parentales; Compétition; Microsatellite; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00032/14372/11661.pdf

Interaction between toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella exposure and disease associated with herpesvirus OsHV-1μVar in Pacific oyster spat Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lassudrie, Malwenn; Soudant, Philippe; Nicolas, Jean-louis; Fabioux, Caroline; Lambert, Christophe; Miner, Philippe; Le Grand, Jacqueline; Petton, Bruno; Hegaret, Helene.
Blooms of toxic dinoflagellates can co-occur with mass mortality events associated with herpesvirus OsHV-1 μVar infection that have been decimating Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas spat and juveniles every summer since 2008 in France. This study investigated the possible effect of a harmful dinoflagellate, Alexandrium catenella, a producer of Paralytic Shellfish Toxins (PSTs), upon the oyster spat–herpesvirus interaction. Oyster spat from a hatchery were challenged by cohabitation with oysters contaminated in the field with OsHV-1 μVar and possibly other pathogens. Simultaneously, the oysters were exposed to cultured A. catenella. Infection with OsHV-1 μVar and PST accumulation were measured after 4 days of experimental exposure.  Exposure to Alexandrium...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; OsHV-1 mu Var; Harmful algal blooms; Alexandrium; Host-pathogen interaction; PST accumulation.
Ano: 2015
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00269/38000/36101.pdf

Rapport d'activité année 1974 de l'Inspection Principale de La Tremblade
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Leon, Michel.
Rapport d'activité de l'Inspection Principale de La Tremblade concernant l'année 1974
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Conchyliculture; Contrôle sanitaire; Bactériologie; Casier sanitaire; Reparcage; Epuration; Importation; Exportation; Crassostrea gigas; Marennes Oléron.
Ano: 1974
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00070/18097/15645.pdf

Impact génétique de la production intensive d'huîtres en écloserie : processus de dérive et de sélection liés aux pratiques d'élevage larvaire
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Taris, Nicolas; Sauvage, Christopher; Boudry, Pierre.
Oysters, like many other marine bivalves, are characterized by high fertility and low survival rates during the precocious stages. Hatchery reproduction, realised in very different conditions than in their natural habitat (density, food, temperature, etc.), tends to optimize the production of larvae and juveniles. As a consequence, slow growing larvae are systematically culled. Previous results suggest the existence of a genetic variability linked to precocious development. Our approach consists in studying the evolutionary process (genetic drift and selection) linked with hatchery reproduction. Thanks to microsatellite markers enabling us to analyse the relatedness in "mixed" cultivated families, we studied the variability of breeding success in...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres; Marqueurs microsatellites; Reproduction; Sélection; Dérive génétique; Variabilité génétique; Génétique.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/acte-3481.pdf

Trophic environments influence size at metamorphosis and recruitment performance of Pacific oysters
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lagarde, Franck; Richard, Marion; Bec, Beatrice; Roques, Cecile; Mortreux, Serge; Bernard, Ismael; Chiantella, Claude; Messiaen, Gregory; Nadalini, Jean-bruno; Hori, Masakazu; Hamaguchi, Masami; Pouvreau, Stephane; Roque D'Orbcastel, Emmanuelle; Tremblay, Rejean.
Reproduction and recruitment of benthic invertebrates are influenced by the climate and by the ecological structure of marine ecosystems, along with local anthropogenic pressures such as eutrophication or oligotrophication. Using the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas as a biological model, we tested the hypothesis that the variability in prodissoconch II (PII) size (i.e. size at metamorphosis) depends on ecological functioning. Settlement and recruitment were assessed at 5 sampling sites on the French Mediterranean shellfish farmed Thau lagoon during the main summer recruitment events in 3 consecutive years (2012-2014). Hydrobiological and planktonic analyses were conducted at 3 sampling sites. Our results showed that recruitment was extremely...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Larval ecology; Recruitment; Prodissoconch II; Crassostrea gigas; Oligotrophication; Cryptophytes; Thau lagoon.
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00454/56613/58334.pdf

Contributions du Laboratoire Conchylicole de Poitou-Charente (LCPC) au défi MOREST (mortalités estivales d'huîtres creuses) en 2003. Thématique "Ecologie côtière"
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick; Le Moine, Olivier; Geairon, Philippe; Razet, Daniel; Blouin, Frederic; David, Delphine; Couty, Angelique.
Depuis 2001, le laboratoire participe au défi MOREST, comme laboratoire d'Ecologie côtière dans l'organisation et l'animation d'études pluridisciplinaires et comme site atelier du défi. En 2003, le LCPC encadre une opération de recherche impliquant 14 laboratoires sur l'étude du modèle de mortalité plat table dans le Bassin de Marennes Oléron. Un large panel des causes de mortalité est étudié; facteurs physico chimiques, agents pathogènes, substances toxiques (pesticides ou relargages chimiques), etc …. Le labo est également impliqué en accompagnement d'actions de caractérisation de la mortalité de naissain (lignées consanguines sur estran) et sur des opérations de caractérisation précoce de la mortalité en laboratoire. Enfin, l'effet "site de gestion...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mortalité estivale; Huîtres creuses; Crassostrea gigas; Bassin de Marennes Oléron; MOREST.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00164/27550/25715.pdf

Etude des anomalies chromosomiques chez Crassostrea gigas - Contrat de Plan Région Poitou-Charentes 2000-2006. Convention 2000
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lapegue, Sylvie; Mccombie, Helen; Leitao, Alexandra; Bouilly, Karine; Sabatier, Sebastien; Heurtebise, Serge; Boudry, Pierre; Thiriot Quievreux, Catherine; Gerard, Andre.
Divers travaux menés depuis 1984 montrent qu’il existe, chez l’huître creuse Crassostrea gigas, des cellules montrant un nombre anormal de chromosomes (2n = 19, 18 ou même 17 au lieu de 2n = 20). Le niveau d’aneuploïdie est déterminé par le décompte des chromosomes à partir de suspensions cellulaires de tissu branchial. Le pourcentage de cellules aneuploïdes est toujours significativement supérieur dans les "lots de queue", c'est-à-dire les huîtres présentant des croissances plus faibles, et peut atteindre plus de 30 %. Récemment, une étude réalisée au sein du programme européen « Genephys » a démontré que plus de 50 % de la variance pour la vitesse de croissance était liée au taux d’aneuploïdie. Cependant, de nombreux points concernant ce phénomène...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Chromosomes; Aneuploïdie; Huîtres creuses; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00043/15474/12853.pdf

Contribution à l'étude de mollusques marins : Iridovirus-like et Herpèsvirus-like. Description, caractérisation biochimique, cycle de multiplication viral, diagnostic et étude épidémiologique
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Renault, Tristan; Le Deuff, Rose-marie; Cochennec, Nathalie; Chollet, Bruno; Maffart, Patricia.
Among the marine molluscs, Pacifie oyster, Crassostrea gigas, is actually the most reared specie in the world. Noticely in France, where it was imported between 1960 and 1970, and replaced by Portuguese oyster, Crassostrea angulata, which specie was decimated during this period because of iridoviruses. Uncontroled introductions of new species may however be hazardous. Indeed, they might be responsible for the appearance and the dissemination of new diseases of bivalve molluscs in importing country. In addition to these observations, the quasi monobreeding of Pacific oyster in France enhances the necessity to develop research concerning the diagnosis of pathologies affecting this specie, namely the diagnosis of viral diseases. Several families of viruses...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mollusques; Crassostrea gigas; Pathologie; Iridovirus; Herpèsvirus; Diagnostic; Molluscs; Crassostrea gigas; Pathology; Iridovirus; Herpesvirus; Diagnosis.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00041/15230/12548.pdf

Global change and climate-driven invasion of the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) along European coasts: a bioenergetics modelling approach
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Thomas, Yoann; Pouvreau, Stephane; Alunno-bruscia, Marianne; Barille, Laurent; Gohin, Francis; Bryere, Philippe; Gernez, Pierre.
Aim  The spread of non-indigenous species in marine ecosystems world-wide is one of today's most serious environmental concerns. Using mechanistic modelling, we investigated how global change relates to the invasion of European coasts by a non-native marine invertebrate, the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas.  Location Bourgneuf Bay on the French Atlantic coast was considered as the northern boundary of C. gigas expansion at the time of its introduction to Europe in the 1970s. From this latitudinal reference, variations in the spatial distribution of the C. gigas reproductive niche were analysed along the north-western European coast from Gibraltar to Norway.  Methods The effects of environmental variations on C. gigas physiology and phenology were studied...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Biogeographical range expansion; Crassostrea gigas; DEB model; European coasts; Functional traits; Global change; Individual-based model; Invasive species; Remote-sensing.
Ano: 2016
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00287/39828/38459.pdf

Aneuploidy and its relationship with growth in different populations of the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas, Thunberg)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Boudry, Pierre; Leitao, Alexandra; Mccombie, Helen; Thiriot-quievreux, Catherine.
Cytogenetic abnormalities arising both in mitosis and meiosis are known to be common in bivalves. Here we review result obtained from the observations of somatic aneuploidy in different populations of the commercially important Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. The oysters studied were either (1) produced in IFREMER hatcheries between 1986 and 1999, (some of these were part of the EU funded programme GENEPHYS); or (2) collected from wild populations along the French Atlantic coast. Chromosome numbers were scored from 30 mitotic metaphases in gill tissue per  individual studied. Aneuploid cells (2n - X) were observed in all the 13 populations studied. A highly significant negative correlation was observed between the level of aneuploidy and growth, i.e....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Growth; Genetic; Aneuploidy; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oysters.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2000/acte-3446.pdf

Influence de la charge particulaire sur la filtration d'une population d'huître Crassostrea gigas dans le bassin estuarien de Marennes-Oléron (France) : analyse de deux cycle de marée
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick; Prou, Jean; Heral, Maurice; Barille, Laurent; Razet, Daniel; Guezennec, Loïc.
Filtration of oyster population (100 animals) have been followed during 16 days in raceway systems with continuous recorder of the input and output of the raceway for in situ turbidity and fluorescence. Experimental conditions were fluctuated with particulate matter which varied during a tidal cycle from 40 mg.l-1to 300 mg.l-1. During the same period the phytoplanktonic biomass presented synchronous variations form 7 to 20 µg.l-1 bound with sediment resuspension of phytobenthos and oyster biodeposit created by alternating currents. Filtration of oyster population during a neap tide cycle, variated between 1.2 and 2.8I.h-1 by animal for a calculated retention based on turbidity and between 2.4 and 4.8 l.h-1 by animal for a retention calculated with...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marée; Charge particulaire; Marennes Oléron; Physiologie; Filtration; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1991/acte-3059.pdf

REseau MOllusques des Rendements Aquacoles huitre creuse (REMORA) ; Résultats des stations nationales. Année 2000
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Fleury, Pierre-gildas; Cornette, Florence; Claude, Serge; Palvadeau, Hubert; Robert, Stéphane; D'Amico, Florence; Le Gall, Patrik; Vercelli, Catherine.
The monitoring network IFREMER /REMORA is assessing, on a yearly basis, mortality, growth and quality criteria of two oyster batches ("juveniles" = one-year old ; and "adults" = two-years old), distributed among various stations of the main French oyster areas. Samplings are carried out in March, June, September and December. This network is a tool for trend estimations (geographic and chronological, on the national scale) ; it must not be considered as an accurate estimation of professional oyster ongrowings. With the exception of Spring mortalities due to poor initial quality of adult oysters and to difficulties in the counting of juveniles, the year 2000 appeared to be a year of low mortality. 2000 is a year of poor growth (61.5 g in average weight in...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Polydora; Quality; Growth; Mortality; Crassostrea gigas; Cupped (gigas) oyster; France; REMORA; Polydora; Qualité; Croissance; Mortality; Crassostrea gigas; Huître creuse; France; REMORA.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2001/rapport-1635.pdf

Setting tools for the early assessment of the quality of thawed Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) D-larvae
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Suquet, Marc; Le Mercier, Alain; Rimond, Flore; Mingant, Christian; Haffray, Pierrick; Labbe, C.
Parameters used to assess the survival of larvae after cryopreservation generally misestimate the damages that prevent larval development. The objectives of the present study were to 1) define the reliability of the survival rate, assessed at 2 and 7 days post fertilization, to estimate Pacific oyster larval quality after thawing, and 2) select complementary tools allowing an early and reliable estimation of their quality. Oyster larvae were reared for 25 h after fertilization at 19 degrees C and cryopreserved at early D-stage. Then, thawed larvae were incubated in 2-L beakers. At 2 days post fertilization, the survival rate of thawed Pacific oyster larvae was lower than that of fresh larvae for only one experiment (Experiment 3) among the four identical...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: ASMA; CASA; Crassostrea gigas; Cryopreservation; D-larvae.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00088/19934/17761.pdf

Croissance, engraissement et mortalité de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas en baie de Bourgneuf  : comparaison de quatre secteurs ostréicoles
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Haure, Joel; Baud, Jean-pierre.
A study on mortalities, growth and fattening of the oyster Crassostrea gigas was carried out spring with the autumn 1987 in four sites of bay of Bourgneuf. Mortalities, more important in spring, prove to be higher in the sectors North compared to the Southern sectors of bay of Bourgneuf.  The performances of growth are rather weak when they are compared with other French oyster sectors. They however present a better production in the cattle-breeding areas located at the South of bay. The spring phase is marked by the formation of glucidic reserves, at the moment of the reheating of water, which is quickly transformed, in the majority of the sites, in lipids of reserves of the ovocytes, during the gamétogenèse.   The state of fattening of Crassostrea gigas...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Fattening; Oyster; Mortality; Growth; Bay of Bourgneuf; Crassostrea gigas; Engraissement; Huitre; Mortalité; Croissance; Baie de Bourgneuf; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1990
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1990/rapport-1646.pdf

Etude électrophorétique des protéines du muscle adducteur de l'huître japonaise Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pichot, Yves; Pichot, Paul.
Cette note rapporte les premiers résultats d'une étude des proteines solubles du muscle adducteur de l'huître Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg) réalisée par électrophorèse. Un polymorphisme existant au niveau d'une fraction de mobilité moyenne est mis en évidence. Il répond à un déterminisme génétique : l'hypothèse d'un contrôle héréditaire invoquant deux allèles codominants est en accord avec la loi de Hardy-Weinberg.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Physiologie; Muscle adducteur; Proteines.
Ano: 1981
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00016/12720/9634.pdf

Essai de reproduction d'infection expérimentale à OsHV-1 (Oyster Herpesvirus 1) chez l'huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Collas, Lucile.
Des mortalités chez l'huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas, ont été associées au virus OsHV-1 (Oyster herpesvirus 1) au stade larvaire et juvénile. Cependant, aucune mortalité liée à ce virus n'a été rapportée chez les animaux adultes. Dans le cadre d'un projet de recherche financé par l'Union Européenne (AVINSI), des trav aux basés sur la technique d'hybridation suppressive soustractive (SSH) ont permis de mettre en évidence des gènes cellulaires viro induits lors de l'infection par OsHV-1, chez l'huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas. Ce sont les hémocytes qui ont été choisis pour cette technique du fait de leur absence supposée de permissivité au virus OsHV-1 et car ce sont des cellules faciles à prélever. Cependant, des travaux réalisés au LGP pont montré la...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Herpèsvirus; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Infection expérimentale; Hémocytes.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00034/14481/11781.pdf

Plan de sauvegarde 2011 : synthèse de résultats 2011-2012
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Chavanne, Herve; Maurouard, Elise; Yonneau, Caroline; Heroin, Debora; Ledu, Christophe; Degremont, Lionel; Benabdelmouna, Abdellah.
Afin de permettre l’approvisionnement partiel des établissements ostréicoles en naissain « à survie améliorée », un protocole d’approvisionnement partiel de sauvegarde (PSI) a été mis en place en 2010 entre le CNC, les CRCs, les écloseurs et l’Ifremer afin de fournir aux ostréiculteurs du naissain présentant les meilleures chances de survie face aux mortalités estivales. Il avait ainsi été décidé que des écloseries privées produiraient du naissain triploïde « à survie améliorée » en 2010 à partir de géniteurs, femelles diploïdes et mâles tétraploïdes, sélectionnés et fournis par Ifremer. Sur la base notamment des recommandations des Assises de la Conchyliculture, l’opération a été reconduite en 2011 (PSII) et 2012 (PSIII). Suite aux productions réalisées...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mortalités; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres creuses; Triploïde R; Sélection Génétique.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00143/25412/23563.pdf

Comparaison de trois index de qualité de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Berthome, Jean-paul; Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc; Fernandez-castro, N.
Three indexes of quality of Japanese oyster Crassostrea gigas were studied in 3 lots of oysters bred in the r.1arennes-oléron basin from february to july 1979: condition index of MEDCOF &amp;-. NEEDLER,  thickness coefficient of IMAI &amp; SAKAI and external quality coefficient of BERTHOME. These different indexes were correlated within each lot of oysters. The external quality coefficient is always significantly correlated with condition index, while thickness coefficient is correlated with other two only for one lot, but seemes useful to rate oyster growth better.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Index de qualité; Croissance organisme; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres.
Ano: 1979
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1979/acte-2997.pdf

Pollution et taux d'aneuploïdie chez l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas: étude expérimentale sur une population en milieu contrôlé
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bouilly, Karine.
Aneuploidy has previously been reported in wild and cultivated Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas, and it has been shown to be negatively correlated with growth. This is especially important since high variability of growth rate is one of the major problems in the aquacultural production of this species. The existence of an environmental factor (such as atrazine contamination) with an effect on aneuploidy level was first investigated through the study of a population of Crassostrea gigas subjected to different concentrations of atrazine. The treatments applied represent peak values found in the environment (0,01 mg/l) plus a value ten times higher (0,1 mg/l). Our results have shown that although atrazine did not have an effect on the mortality of adult...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Aneuploïdie; Facteur environnemental; Atrazine; Aneuploidy; Pacific oysters; Crassostrea gigas; Environmental factor; Atrazine.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00428/53932/55060.pdf

Characterization of a defensin from the oyster Crassostrea gigas - Recombinant production, folding, solution structure, antimicrobial activities, and gene expression
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gueguen, Yannick; Herpin, Amaury; Aumelas, André; Garnier, Julien; Fievet, Julie; Escoubas, Jean-michel; Bulet, Philippe; Gonzalez, Marcelo; Lelong, Christophe; Favrel, Pascal; Bachere, Evelyne.
In invertebrates, defensins were found in arthropods and in the mussels. Here, we report for the first time the identification and characterization of a defensin (Cg-Def) from an oyster. Cg-def mRNA was isolated from Crassostrea gigas mantle using an expressed sequence tag approach. To gain insight into potential roles of Cg-Def in oyster immunity, we produced the recombinant peptide in Escherichia coli, characterized its antimicrobial activities, determined its solution structure by NMR spectroscopy, and quantified its gene expression in vivo following bacterial challenge of oysters. Recombinant Cg-Def was active in vitro against Gram-positive bacteria but showed no or limited activities against Gram-negative bacteria and fungi. The activity of Cg-Def was...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Genomic library; Microbiology; Defensin; Oyster.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-2127.pdf

Endonuclease banding reveals that atrazine-induced aneuploidy resembles spontaneous chromosome loss in Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bouilly, Karine; Leitao, Alexandra; Chaves, Raquel; Guedes Pinto, Henrique; Boudry, Pierre; Lapegue, Sylvie.
Aneuploidy has previously been observed in the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, and shown to be negatively correlated with growth. Moreover, a significant impact of atrazine exposure has been described in C. gigas, and persistence of that effect has been observed between generations. Evidence of differential chromosome loss has been demonstrated in aneuploid karyotypes of C. gigas using the G-banding technique. Pairs 1, 5, 9, and 10 are characterized by the loss of 1 chromosome. As restriction enzyme (RE) digestion chromosome banding allows a better identification of chromosome pairs, we used this technique to identify which chromosomes are affected when aneuploidy is increased by exposure to atrazine. The progeny of oysters contaminated by atrazine were...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oyster; Restriction enzyme digestion chromosome banding; Atrazine; Aneuploidy; Crassostrea gigas; Huître creuse; Marquage chromosomique par digestion d'enzymes de restriction; Atrazine; Aneuploïdie.
Ano: 2005
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/publication-654.pdf

Etude du polymorphisme des gènes de l'amylase chez Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg, 1793). Relation avec les paramètres physiologiques de l'assimilation
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Degremont, Lionel.
L'analyse du polymorphisme des gènes de J'amylase chez Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg, 1793) a été établi sur deux générations dans le cadre du programme européen GENEPHYS (génétique et physiologie chez C.gigas). Après une amplification de l'ADN par PCR à partir de deux couples d'amorces qui sont spécifiques à chacun des deux gènes de l'amylase, une digestion par EcoRI de l'ADN amplifié suivie d'une électrophorése en gel d'agarose sont effectuées. Cette technique (RFLP) permet de déterminer le polymorphisme génétique des huîtres creuses. Une troisième génération a été réalisée afin d'obtenir quatre familles et d'en analyser le génotype. Ces familles ont été tout d'abord placées pendant cinq mois dans un milieu riche en nourriture, puis ensuite, chaque famille...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Amylase; Polymorphisme; Croissance; Efficacité d'assimilation.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00439/55109/56561.pdf

Mortalités estivales et croissance du naissain de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas : étude de familles sélectionnées
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Degremont, Lionel; Boudry, Pierre; Bedier, Edouard; Ropert, Michel; Soletchnik, Patrick; Huvet, Arnaud; Moal, Jeanne; Samain, Jean-francois.
In the scope of the Morest program, 3 series of bi-parental families of cupped oyster consisting of full and half-sib have been created in 2001, and then studied on a regular basis on several sites over the summer period. In October, major survival differences had been demonstrated between the 3 families. The average survival rate for the half-sib families monitored on the three sites varies from 17 to 97 %. Some of them showed high mortality for the three sites, indicating a strong genetic basis (h2 = 0.81 - 0.29) to the variations observed regarding survival. To a lesser extent, growth differences between the studied half-sib families indicate a weaker heritability for this character. ....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Physiologie; Génétique; Naissain; Sélection; Croissance; Survie; Huîtres; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/acte-3490.pdf

Relation entre la capacité trophique de l'écosystème "claire ostréicole" et la production de l'huître Crassostrea gigas en période d'affinage
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick; Razet, Daniel; Goulletquer, Philippe; Geairon, Philippe; Le Moine, Olivier; Faury, Nicole.
This study presents an environmental survey o foyster  ponds in Marennes Oléron Bay (France). Physical and biological parameters were recorded in continuous to study this mesocosm (450 m2 surface). The trophic capacity of the water column was assessed and used as an imput signal in the biological model of Crassostrea gigas. Oyster production in earthen-ponds was compared to the biological model results. Simulation was carried out experimental results to investigate temperature and food effect on energetic budget of Crassostrea gigas during summer and winter
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mesocosm study; Crassostrea gigas; Pond; Oyster rearing; Modèle biologique; Ressource trophique; Affinage; Claires ostréicoles; Crassostrea gigas; Huître.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1997/acte-3236.pdf

QTL for resistance to summer mortality and OsHV-1 load in the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Sauvage, Christopher; Boudry, Pierre; De Koning, D. -j.; Haley, C. S.; Heurtebise, Serge; Lapegue, Sylvie.
P&gt;Summer mortality is a phenomenon severely affecting the aquaculture production of the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas). Although its causal factors are complex, resistance to mortality has been described as a highly heritable trait, and several pathogens including the virus Ostreid Herpes virus type 1 (OsHV-1) have been associated with this phenomenon. A QTL analysis for survival of summer mortality and OsHV-1 load, estimated using real-time PCR, was performed using five F-2 full-sib families resulting from a divergent selection experiment for resistance to summer mortality. A consensus linkage map was built using 29 SNPs and 51 microsatellite markers. Five significant QTL were identified and assigned to linkage groups V, VI, VII and IX. Analysis of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Herpes virus; Pacific oyster; QTL mapping; Summer mortality.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00011/12241/9063.pdf

Mortalité et croissance de l'huître creuse C. gigas dans le bassin de Marennes Oléron. Résultats obtenus sur le site atelier de Ronce-Perquis en 1997-1999
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick; Le Moine, Olivier; Faury, Nicole; Razet, Daniel; Geairon, Philippe; Robert, Stephane; Goulletquer, Philippe; Taillade, Sylvie.
The 1999 monitoring of the C. gigas mortality rates showed a 32 to 40% loss for the on-bottom rearings located on the Ronce-Perquis oyster bank. In 1997, the averaged mortality rate varied between 23 and 29% without significant site effect. These mortality rates were ranging from 17 to 32% in 1998 with significant limited mortality rate on site 4 (17%). However, those rates were underestimated by 7 to 8%, based on our 1999 study, Actually, the spatial distribution for these rates on 2 experimental sites divided into 25 subunits demonstrated a large variability ranging from 17-37% and 22-56% for sites 1 and 2, respectively. In spite this large variability, the mortality rates results were larger on the muddy bottom site. In contrast to site 1, the oysters...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bay of Marennes Oleron; Crassostrea gigas; Reproductive effort; Biochemical composition; Growth; Sampling strategy; Mortality rates; Bassin de Marennes Oléron; Crassostrea gigas; Effort de reproduction; Composition biochimique; Croissance; Méthodologie d'estimation; Taux de mortalité.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2000/rapport-1641.pdf

Rapport d'activité année 1977 de l'Inspection Principale de La Tremblade
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Leon, Michel.
Rapport d'activité de l'Inspection Principale de La Tremblade concernant l'année 1977
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Contrôle sanitaire; Bactériologie; Casier sanitaire; Gisements naturels; Reparcage; Epuration; Importation; Exportation; Marennes Oléron; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1977
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00070/18093/15641.pdf

Effects of dissolved mercury on embryogenesis, survival, growth and metamorphosis of Crassostrea gigas oyster larvae
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Beiras, Ricardo; His, Edouard.
The effects of mercury (Hg) concentrations ranging from 0 (control) to 1024 µg 1-1 upon embryogenesis, survival, growth and metamorphosis of Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg) oyster larvae were investigated. Embryogenesis was abnormal in 50 % of the individuals at 11 µg 1-1 . The 48 h LD50 for D·shaped, umbonate and pediveliger larvae were 33, 115 and 200 µg 1-1 respectively. The increase in LD50 was partially explained by the larval weight increase, although weight-specific tolerance to Hg was higher in smaller larvae. Growth, the most sensitive physiological process studied, was significantly retarded at 4 µg 1-1. The metamorphosis rate was significantly reduced when competent pediveligers were exposed to 64 µg 1-1 for 48 h prior to the addition of the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mercury; Oyster; Larvae; Embryo; Bioassay; Ecotoxicology; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00037/14867/12191.pdf

Etude des bases génétiques de la mortalité estivale et des relations avec la croissance chez les juvéniles de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Degremont, Lionel.
In order to study genetic variability for survival during summer mortality events in the oyster Crassostrea gigas, a first generation (G1) was bred in 2001. 17 G1 half-sib families (HSF) were obtained ; each HSF was reared in three sites along the French coast during the summer period. Significant differences in survival were observed among HSF indicating a genetic basis for survival. In 2002, several HSF were selected on their survival performances to constitute a divergent selection (G2) (outbreed and inbred). Significant differences in survival were found among these offspring of the 'high' and 'low' selected groups in several laboratory experiments and in all sites. Growth performance was not influenced by selection on survival. This confirms the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Juvenile; Genetic; Growth; Summer mortality; Crassostrea gigas; Juvéniles; Héritabilité; Rendement; Croissance; Mortalités estivales; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/these-202.pdf

Premières approches de la composition de la nourriture organique particulaire de Crassotrea gigas dans les eaux du bassin de Marennes-Oléron
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Heral, Maurice; Razet, Daniel.
A seasonal study shows that bath rivers Charent.e and Seudre play an important part by carrying a great quantity of fresh water phytoplankton and vegetal detritus, along with mineraI material as a result,  the amount of pheopigments is very important and appears to be added with the feces of the oyster. The values of chlorophyll a and A T P are high in May and October but they appear to have no correlation. The high values of proteins mean a synthesis between living organic material and dead material which represent the whole amont of nutritive potential for oysters
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marennes Oléron; Nourriture organique particulaire; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres.
Ano: 1977
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1977/acte-2993.pdf

Rapport annuel d'activité 1980 du Laboratoire Cultures Marines et Aménagement du Littoral de La Rochelle
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Dardignac, Marie-jose.
Rapport annuel d'activité du Laboratoire de Cultures Marines de La Rochelle concernant l'année 1980
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Conchyliculture; Production; Reproduction; Physiologie; Croissance; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1980
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00070/18111/15659.pdf

Suivi de la reproduction de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas dans la partie Nord du bassin charentais - Année 1997
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Arnaud, Christophe; Fillon, Alain.
Le littoral charentais-maritime présente, dans sa partie nord entre l'estuaire de la Charente et la limite nord du département (île de Ré comprise), plusieurs sites intéressant l'ostréiculture pour le captage de juvéniles, dont le centre réputé de Fouras. Pour aider la profession, et selon son souhait, une assistance est fournie par l' IFREMER qui recherche les périodes d'émission de larves d'huîtres creuses afin d'informer les ostréiculteurs des époques les plus propices au captage. Contractualisé pour la première fois en 1996 entre la SRC RE-CENTRE OUEST et l' IFREMER, ce travail a été effectué à nouveau en 1997 par le laboratoire côtier DEL de La Rochelle, suite au renouvellement de ce contrat. Le présent rapport expose les différents aspects de ce...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Reproduction; Larves; Crassostrea gigas; Charente Maritime.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00049/16068/13529.pdf

Estimation de stocks d'huîtres sauvages sur les zones concédées de la partie vendéenne de la Baie de Bourgneuf en 2003
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Martin, Jean-louis; Haure, Joel; Dupuy, Beatrice; Nourry, Max; Palvadeau, Hubert; Papin, Mathias; Penisson, Christian; Thouard, Emmanuel.
Au cours des dernières années, les résultats du réseau REMORA montrent un déficit de croissance des huîtres en baie de Bourgneuf par rapport à la moyenne nationale. Ce déficit de croissance s'accentue particulièrement en 2000 et se poursuit en 2002. L'une des hypothèses pouvant être mise en avant pour expliquer les causes de ce manque de croissance est la biomasse accrue des organismes filtreurs cultivés ou non: huîtres, moules, crépidules. Afin d'avoir une vision globale du fonctionnement de l'écosystème de la baie, il est nécessaire d'étudier l'importance relative de ces différents stocks de coquillages. Plusieurs études ont été réalisées en 2002 : Creocean et le Crema ont estimé la biomasse de crépidules dans la partie subtidal de la baie à environ 90...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Estimation de stock; Biomasse; Baie de Bourgneuf.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00048/15878/13300.pdf

Impact de la dissémination accidentelle d'huîtres tétraploïdes : potentiel de dispersion et succès reproducteur
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lapegue, Sylvie; Heurtebise, Serge; Cornette, Florence; Brizard, Raphael; Sharbel, Tim; Boudry, Pierre.
L'ostréiculture française réalise une production très largement extensive, basée sur le recrutement de juvéniles dans le milieu naturel et la production sur des sites côtiers. Ainsi, l’huître est l’une des rares espèces cultivées à être encore considéré par le consommateur comme un produit alimentaire totalement « naturel ». L'utilisation de la polyploïdisation a permis d'ouvrir une nouvelle voie dans cette filière, en permettant d'obtenir des animaux à croissance plus rapide, plus homogènes et stériles. Cette dernière caractéristique est un gage de qualité gustative et permet aussi de positionner ce produit en priorité sur les mois en "r" traditionnellement bannis à cause de la présence de laitance. Le but principal de la triploïdisation a été atteint:...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Triploïdisation; Tétraploïde; Impact; Environnement; Bivalvia; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00043/15460/12835.pdf

Contribution à la mise en place de critères de qualité des huîtres creuses Crassostrea gigas affinées en claires
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gras, Marie-paule; Gras, Paul; Cosnard, Michel; Garnier, Jacqueline.
The oysters fattened in the "claires" have a very appreciated quality. Representative criters of this quality: index of condition, the glycogen content, color of gills of molluscs by the pigment called "marennine" and indx of shape of shells are studied for the Japanses oysters Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg)
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ostréiculture; Claires à huître; Crassostrea gigas; Marennine; Verdissement; Marennes Oléron; Charente Maritime.
Ano: 1979
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00009/12009/8701.pdf

Sex-Specific Regulation of AMP-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) in the Pacific Oyster Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Guevelou, Eric; Huvet, Arnaud; Galindo-sanchez, Clara E.; Milan, Massimo; Quillien, Virgile; Daniel, Jean-yves; Quere, Claudie; Boudry, Pierre; Corporeau, Charlotte.
The hermaphrodite Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas displays a high energy allocation to reproduction. We studied the expression of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) during gametogenesis in the gonad and characterized the mRNA sequences of the AMPK subunits: the AMPK alpha mRNA sequence was previously characterized; we identified AMPK beta, AMPK gamma, and mRNAs of putative AMPK-related targets following bioinformatics mining on existing genomic resources. We analyzed the mRNA expression of the AMPK alpha, beta, and gamma subunits in the gonads of male and female oysters through a reproductive cycle, and we quantified the mRNA expression of genes belonging to fatty acid and glucose metabolism. AMPK alpha mRNA levels were more abundant in males at the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: AMP-activated protein kinase; Crassostrea gigas; Gametogenesis; Marine bivalve; Reproduction.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00168/27911/26470.pdf

Acquisition de donnée en continu sur la matière particulaire de la Baie estuarienne de Marennes-Oléron pendant le bloom printaniter planctonique : effet sur le taux de filtration de l'huître Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Heral, Maurice; Razet, Daniel; Prou, Jean.
The continuous obtention of different signals has been achieved for 9 days at a -fixed station during May 1988. The speed and direction of the currents have been monitoring concurrently with "in situ" turbidity and fluorescence in relation with the meteorological conditions. The concentration in particulate matter and the planktonic fluorescence fluctuated in direct relation with the water depth, the speed of the current and with the origin of the water masses. The oysters submitted to these large fluctuated conditions showed not constant filtration rate. The filtration calculated by turbidimeters (2 1 h-l g-1 dry weight) was three time less than the one achieved with fluorimeters (61 h-l g-1 dry weight). The filtration rate were fluctuated but not in...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: France; Marennes Oleron bay; Acquirring of continous data; Filtration; Crassostrea gigas; Particular matter; Marennes Oléron; Aquisition données; Courantologie; Filtration; Crassostrea gigas; Matière particulaire.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1989/acte-3021.pdf

Mortality associated with OsHV-1 in spat Crassostrea gigas: role of wild-caught spat in the horizontal transmission of the disease
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Degremont, Lionel; Benabdelmouna, Abdellah.
The French oyster production of Crassostrea gigas is based on two sources of spat: wild-caught (WC) and hatchery-produced (HP). Massive mortality related to the ostreid herpesvirus type 1 (OsHV-1) has affected both sources in France since 2008. We investigated the mortality in juvenile C. gigas due to the horizontal transmission of OsHV-1 within (separated condition) and between (mixed condition) the two spat sources in three environments from April to June 2010. In the separated condition, no mortality was observed in the HP batches, while the WC batches experienced moderate to high mortality (40–80 %). In contrast, the WC and HP batches experienced high mortality in all tested environments for the mixed condition. At the beginning of the trial, the HP...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Wild-caught; Hatchery-produced; Spat; Mortality; Horizontal transmission; Ostreid herpesvirus OsHV-1.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00188/29921/28387.pdf

Gut passage times in two bivalve molluscs fed toxic microalgae: Alexandrium minutum, A-catenella and Pseudo-nitzschia calliantha
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gueguen, Marielle; Lassus, Patrick; Laabir, Mohamed; Bardouil, Michele; Baron, Regis; Sechet, Veronique; Truquet, Philippe; Amzil, Zouher; Barille, Laurent.
The occurrence of new phytoplankton species in a coastal area may be explained by the import of shellfish containing whole live algal cells in their digestive tracts. Indeed, shellfish containing toxic algal cells can induce both primary contaminations in safe areas ( initially free from toxic microalgae), and secondary contaminations of other shellfish growing in the same area via the faeces of the imported animals. To mitigate this problem, shellfish need to be placed in a separate holding tank and their intestinal content purged. For a deeper understanding of the risks associated with transferring contaminated shellfish, oysters ( Crassostrea gigas) and mussels ( Mytilus edulis) were purposely fed either Alexandrium minutum or A. catenella (...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Risk assessment; Toxic phytoplankton; Uptake; Gut passage; Mytilus edulis; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/publication-3897.pdf

Invasion genetics of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas in the British Isles inferred from microsatellite and mitochondrial markers
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lallias, Delphine; Boudry, Pierre; Batista, Frederico; Beaumont, Andy; King, Jonathan W.; Turner, John R.; Lapegue, Sylvie.
The Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, native to northeast Asia, is one of the most important cultured shellfish species. In Europe, Pacific oysters first settled along the Atlantic coasts of France at the end of the 1960s but rapidly spread and are now widely established. Twenty-two sites in the United Kingdom (UK), Ireland, Denmark, France and Spain were sampled to assess genetic diversity and differentiation. Hatchery-propagated stocks from two hatcheries located in the UK also were included. Two main genetic clusters were identified from pairwise genetic differentiation indexes, Bayesian clustering methods or neighbour-joining analysis, based on 7 microsatellite loci: (1) a Northeast cluster (including feral samples from East England, Ireland and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Invasion genetics; Marine mollusc; Microsatellites; MtDNA; Pacific oyster; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2015
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00268/37973/36052.pdf

Essais d'amélioration de l'engraissement et du verdissement des huîtres creuses Crassostrea gigas en milieu naturel (Claires)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gras, Marie-paule; Gras, Paul.
Since the expansion of Crassostrea gigas cultivation, the quality of these cup oysters has been shown to vary quite a bit when they are marketed at the end of the year. Since the fattening of oysters depends in large part on the food they have available, we tried, with an eye to improving these bivalves, to encourage the nutritive possibilities of the environment where they are matured, the fattening ponds: hollow basins in flat and clayey plots of land. The former salt marshes of the Marennes-Oléron region, today almost all unused, are for the most part made over into oyster fattening ponds.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marennes Oléron; Verdissement; Claires ostréicoles; Engraissement; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres.
Ano: 1976
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1976/publication-2992.pdf

Valorisation des claires ostréicoles - Contrat de Plan IFREMER - Région Poitou-Charentes - Année 1994
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick; Goulletquer, Philippe; Razet, Daniel; Geairon, Philippe; Le Moine, Olivier; Faury, Nicole; Turpin, Vincent; Hamon, R.; Robert, Jean-michel; Hussenot, Jerome; Brossard, Nicolas.
Cette étude constitue une des trois actions engagées dans le cadre du Contrat de Plan IFREMER - Poitou-Charentes (1994-1998) sous l"intitulé Valorisation des Claires Ostréicoles. Les deux actions complémentaires concernent la compréhension et l'amélioration du verdissement des claires sous la direction du Pr. J.M. Robert de l'Université de Nantes/lSOMER et la production de masse de microalgues afin de stimuler la croissance de mollusques filtreurs sous la direction de Dr. J. Hussenot du CREMA L'Houmeau. Ce programme répond directement à la demande des professionnels afin d'optimiser les conditions d'élevage de l'huître creuse C. gigas en période d'affinage qui à l'heure actuelle, ne permettent pas le contrôle de la qualité finale du produit. L'objectif...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Claires ostréicoles; Affinage; Capacité trophique; Paramètres; Marais expérimental; Culture diatomée; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Haslea ostrearia.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00044/15541/12918.pdf

Adaptation de la technique du télécaptage de l'huître creuse (Crassostrea gigas) aux conditions d'élevage de la Baie de Bourgneuf
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Baud, Jean-pierre; Jolly, Christian.
Pour améliorer la rotation des cheptels et les conditions d'élevage des huîtres sur estran, des expérimentations ont été réalisées afin de définir les conditions optimales du télécaptage. Afin de limiter les fluctuations de captage du milieu naturel et la répartition hétérogène des huîtres sur les collecteurs, l'effort principal de recherche dans cette étude a porté sur l'homogénéisation spatiale du naissain sur la périphérie des tubes plastiques. Différents plans d'expérience ont permis de proposer les conditions suivantes pour une meilleure répartition: - Disposition horizontale de la distribution des larves à raison de 50 % le premier jour et 50 % le 2ème jour, l'ensemble des collecteurs étant retourné entre ces deux jours. Pour l'obtention d'huîtres...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Télécaptage; Baie de Bourgneuf; Fixation; Naissain; Huître creuse.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00048/15884/13306.pdf

ReMoNor : Résultats 2001
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Cornette, Florence; Blin, J.l.; Pien, S; Simonne, Charlotte; Kopp, Joel; Richard, O.
The regional network REMONOR showed 2001's characteristics of growth and quality of oysters (Crassostrea gigas) in the three rearing areas of Normandy. Compared to year 2000, two additional stations along the East Coast have been settled. The summer adults mortalities have been registered between 0 % and 25 %. The average for all the rearing areas reached 6 %. Highest rates have been noticed in the Baie des Veys and the East Coast. The juvenile's mortality occurred during the same season, in summer. This year 2001 is included in lower growth years in all Normandy. This year, the West Coast growth rate appeared to be quit unusual. For the first time growth rates were in the average in the northern area that usually shows very bad performance. We can...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: REMORA; Quality; Growth; Mortality; Normandy; REMONOR; Crassostrea gigas; REMORA; Qualité; Croissance; Mortalité; Basse Normandie; REMONOR; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2002/rapport-2249.pdf

Modulation des paramètres hémocytaires par la nutrition de l'huitre creuse Crassostrea gigas. Implication dans les mortalités estivales
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Delaporte, Maryse.
In the context of Pacific oyster C. gigas summer mortality, the present study demonstrated that the reproductive effort reduced not only the energetic parameters (carbohydrates and CEA) but also the immune parameters (concentration, phagocytosis and adhesive capacity of hemocytes). Increasing food supply from 4% to 12% (of oyster dry weight) did not counteract this phenomena as most of the additional energy was dedicated to the gametogenesis processes. However, after the gametogenesis, the 12% diet clearly favored energy storage restoration and hemocyte production. Hemocyte parameters were also modulated by the food quality. Indeed, hemocyte concentration tended to increase 20:5n-3 and/or 20:4n-6 were supplied by micro-algae or artificial diets. When these...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Summer mortalities; Flow cytometer; Immunity; Oxidative burst; Phagocytosis; Biochemical composition hemocyte parameters; Essential fatty acids; Nutrition; Crassostrea gigas; Mortalités estivales; Cytomètre de flux; Immunité; Poussée respiratoire; Phagocytose; Réponses hémocytaires; Composition biochimique; Acides gras essentiels; Nutrition; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/these-357.pdf

Comparison of haemocytic parameters among flat oyster Ostrea edulis stocks with different susceptibility to bonamiosis and the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Comesana, Pilar; Casas, Sandra M.; Cao, Asuncion; Abollo, Elvira; Arzul, Isabelle; Morga, Benjamin; Villalba, Antonio.
Farming of the flat oyster Ostrea edulis in Europe is severely constrained by the protozoan Bonamia ostreae. The introduction of the resistant species Crassostrea gigas has been a relief for the farmers, while the pilot programmes to select O. edulis strains resistant to bonamiosis performed in various countries can be seen as a promising strategy to minimise the effects of bonamiosis. However, the physiological bases of this differential susceptibility remain unknown. A search for an explanation of the intra and interspecific differences in oyster susceptibility to bonamiosis was accomplished by comparing some immune parameters among various O. edulis stocks and C gigas. On December 2003, naive and Bonamia-relatively resistant flat oysters from Ireland....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ostrea edulis; Crassostrea gigas; Bonamia ostreae; Haemocyte; Phagocytosis; Respiratory burst; Nitric oxide.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00074/18501/16092.pdf

Métabolisme énergétique du spermatozoïde d'huître creuse (Crassostrea gigas)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Boulais, Myrina.
The present study aims at describing the energy metabolism of Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, spermatozoon. The main objectives are: (1) describing the kinetic of cellular and biochemical characteristics of Pacific oyster spermatozoon during its movement phase, (2) identifying the metabolic pathways to produce energy and their substrates, (3) determining the involvement of energy metabolism in fertilization success. The results showed the long duration (ranging 24 to 72h) of the movement of Pacific oyster spermatozoon and the maintenance of a high intracellular ATP content until the end of the movement phase. The role of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in ATP production was highlighted. Alternative ATP producing pathways might contribute to sustain...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Fécondation; Sperme; Analyse du mouvement; Métabolisme énergétique; RMN; Cytométrie en flux; Crassostrea gigas; Reproduction; Fertilization; Sperm; Movement analysis; Energetic metabolism; NMR; Flow cytometry.
Ano: 2014
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00498/60940/64334.pdf

Summer mortality in juvenile cupped oysters : response to selection in the field and in laboratory
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Degremont, Lionel; Bedier, Edouard; Soletchnik, Patrick; Ropert, Michel; Samain, Jean-francois; Boudry, Pierre.
The French project "Morest", coordinated by IFREMER, aims to a better understanding of the causes of summer mortalities in juvenile oysters by a multidisciplinary approach. Within this program, a first generation (G1) was bred in 2001 to assess to what extent genetic variability exists for this trait in French populations. 17 half-sib families (HSF) including 44 full-sib families (FSF) were obtained in the G1, and each FSF was reared in three sites along the French coast during the summer period. Significant differences in survival were observed among HSF, clearly indicating a genetic basis for survival. Estimation of heritability for survival was very high: 0.81 &amp;#61617; 0.29. In 2002, 3 "good" HSF and 3 "bad" HSF were selected on their survival...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Selection; Genetic; Mortalities; Crassostrea gigas; Oyster.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/acte-3439.pdf

Identification of the autophagy pathway in a mollusk bivalve, Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Picot, Sandy; Faury, Nicole; Arzul, Isabelle; Chollet, Bruno; Renault, Tristan; Morga, Benjamin.
The Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, is a mollusk bivalve commercially important as a food source. Pacific oysters are subjected to stress and diseases during culture. The autophagy pathway is involved in numerous cellular processes, including responses to starvation, cell death, and microorganism elimination. Autophagy also exists in C. gigas, and plays a role in the immune response against infections. Although this process is well-documented and conserved in most animals, it is still poorly understood in mollusks. To date, no study has provided a complete overview of the molecular mechanism of autophagy in mollusk bivalves. In this study, human and yeast ATG protein sequences and public databases (Uniprot and NCBI) were used to identify protein members...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Autophagy; Autophagy related; Crassostrea gigas; Data mining; Immunohistochemistry; Real-time PCR; Western blot.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00606/71785/70270.pdf

Acclimatation de nouvelles espèces d'huîtres creuses du genre Crassostrea : hybridation et conservatoire de souches. Contrat Région Poitou-Charentes 1999 - Convention 99 RPC-A-203 "Génétique"
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Boudry, Pierre; Heurtebise, Serge; Lapegue, Sylvie; Ledu, Christophe; Phelipot, Pascal; Gerard, Andre.
Dans le cadre du plan Etat-Région 1994-1998, un programme de conservatoire de souches a été initié au Laboratoire IFREMER de La Tremblade. Ce conservatoire a pour objectif d'acclimater différentes espèces ou souches d'huîtres creuses (genres Crassostrea et Saccostrea) afin d'acquérir des connaissances sur ces espèces et d'évaluer l'intérêt qu'elles pourraient présenter pour l'ostréiculture locale. L'importation d'espèces étrangères sur les côtes françaises est désormais strictement réglementée: la dissémination d'une nouvelle espèce peut se révéler néfaste d'un point de vue écologique et nuire aux productions existantes. De plus, ces huîtres peuvent être porteuses de pathogènes qui, s'il venaient à se répandre dans le milieu, pourraient toucher les stocks...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Acclimatation; Croisement; Crassostrea gigas; Crassostrea ariakensis; Crassostrea sikamea; Hybridation.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00044/15514/12901.pdf

Resistance to OsHV-1 Infection in Crassostrea gigas Larvae
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Dégremont, Lionel; Morga, Benjamin; Trancart, Suzanne; Pépin, Jean-francois.
The ostreid herpesvirus(OsHV-1) is one of the major diseases that affect the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Selective breeding programs were recently shown to improve resistance easily to OsHV-1 infections in spat, juvenile, and adult oysters. Nevertheless, this resistance has never been investigated in larvae, whereas this developmental stage has crucial importance for the production of commercial hatcheries, as well as explaining the abundance of spatfall. A first trial tested several viral suspensions at several concentrations using contaminated water with OsHV-1 in 4- and 10-day-old larvae that we reproduced from an unselected broodstock. In follow up on the results, one viral suspension at a final concentration of 10+6 OsHV-1 DNA copies per L was...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Larvae; Crassostrea gigas; OsHV-1; Disease resistance; Mortality.
Ano: 2016
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00313/42441/41796.pdf

La matière organique particulaire dans les eaux du bassin de Marennes-Oléron et de ses marais adjacents (claires) : conséquences pour la nutrition de l'huître Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Heral, Maurice; Zanette, Yvan; Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc; Robert, Jean-michel; Razet, Daniel.
In 1979 and 1980, the characteristics of the particulate organic matter are defined fortnightly through seston analyses. It is very high in the basin and very low in the finishing ponds. The phytoplanktonic biomasses are maximal in May in the estuary, and in June-July in the finishing ponds, with chlorophyll contents 10 times higher than those monitored in the basin. Proteins are generally the main biochemical components found in both environments, with glucids accounting for 20 % and lipids for only 10 % of the biochemical components on average. The C/N ratios are almost constant in the finishing ponds with values around 5, typical of phytoplankton, whereas they are very high in the basin except in spring. In the same way, the protid/chlorophyll and the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres; Mollusques; Qualité eau; Seston; Matière organique; Claires ostréicoles; Bassin Marennes Oléron.
Ano: 1981
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1981/acte-6213.PDF

Application of a dynamic energy budget model to the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, reared under various environmental conditions
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pouvreau, Stephane; Bourles, Yves; Lefebvre, Sebastien; Gangnery, Aline; Alunno-bruscia, Marianne.
The Dynamic Energy Budget (DEB) model (Kooijman, S.A.L.M., 1986. Energy budgets can explain body size relations. J. Theor. Biol. 121, 269¿282; Kooijman, S.A.L.M., 2000. Dynamic Energy and Mass Budgets in Biological Systems. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 424 pp.) has been adapted to describe the dynamics of growth and reproduction of the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) reared in different areas under conditions ranging from controlled to natural. The values of the model parameters were estimated from available physiological data and from published information. The sets of data used to validate the model came from three long-term growth experiments (&gt; 5 months) performed on Pacific oysters reared under different conditions of food and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Reproductive effort; Reproduction; Growth; Ecophysiology; Dynamic energy budget; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-1817.pdf

Différenciation génétique et hybridation entre les populations naturelles d'huîtres creuses Crassostrea gigas et Crassostrea angulata
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Fabioux, Caroline.
Les deux sous-espèces d'huîtres creuses Crassostrea gigas et Crassostrea angulata originaires d'Asie, sont aujourd'hui présentes en Europe. A la suite de l'observation d'hybridation entre les deux taxons en milieu contrôlé, nous nous sommes demandés s'il existait des phénomènes d'hybridation dans la nature et quels étaient les flux géniques entre les populations des deux taxons. Neuf populations ont été échantillonnées le long des côtes atlantiques de la France, de l'Espagne et du Portugal. La classification des individus dans le taxon C. gigas ou C. angulata peut être déterminée par leur haplotype au locus mitochondrial de la Cytochrome Oxydase I, analysé par la technique de PCR-RFLP. En France et en Espagne, le taxon C. gigas représente plus de 99,9% des...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Crassostrea angulata; Hybridation; Différenciation; Marqueurs moléculaires.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00032/14363/11652.pdf

Review and perspectives of physiological mechanisms underlying genetically-based resistance of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas to summer mortality
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Samain, Jean-francois.
French oyster farming has been subject to severe mortalities during the summer months. Results from the research program "Morest", which ran from 2000 to 2006 and examined the possible causes of these mortalities, led to the construction of a model to explain the interaction between environmental factors, oyster physiology and different opportunistic pathogens underlying oyster summer mortality. Temperature, food, reproduction and stress were the main factors required for oyster mortality. Genetically-based resistance ("R" oysters) or susceptibility ("S" oysters) to summer mortality was revealed by divergent selection. Building on these results, a literature search was made in 2007 on the molecular origin of genetic resistance to such a complex mortality...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Immunity; Antibacterial activity; Host defence; Environmental stress; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00051/16229/13752.pdf

Comparison of hemocyte parameters in the pericardial cavity and the adductor muscle sinus in the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas using two types of flow cytometers
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gagnaire, Beatrice; Duchemin, M; Auffret, Mathieu; Thomas-guyon, Helene; Renault, Tristan.
Parameters of hemocyte populations have been considered as relevant indicators of bivalve health and are currently used in immunotoxicological studies. Hemocytes in hemolymph can be collected by puncturing either the pericardial cavity or the adductor muscle sinus with a syringe. Flow cytometry is a methodological approach that is increasingly being used in laboratories for the study of hemocyte parameters in aquatic invertebrates. However, various protocols for hemocyte processing in laboratories equipped with different types of cytometers have been published. In this context, two flow cytometers ( EPICS XL4 (R), Beckman Coulter and FacsCalibur (R), Becton Dickinson) and two sites of hemocyte collection ( pericardial cavity and adductor muscle sinus) were...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Phagocytosis; Hemocytes; Flow cytometry.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/publication-3898.pdf

Effect of environmental and nutritive conditionings on defense mechanisms of oyster Crassostrea gigas during an annual cycle
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Delaporte, Maryse; Moal, Jeanne; Soudant, Philippe; Lambert, Christophe; Pouvreau, Stephane; Enriquez, Martha; Degremont, Lionel; Soletchnik, Patrick; Gagnaire, Beatrice; Ropert, Michel.
In the frame of MOREST project, a common biological material, resulting of a mixture of different families produced in experimental hatchery, was reared in two different environmental fields : Normandy and Charente. Concomitantly, a pool was conditioned at the Ifremer Argenton hatchery with three different algae levels : 4%, 8% and 12% of algal dry weight per oyster dry weight. During the experiments, five immune parameters were studied in parallel with survival rate and reproductive status (stages and intensity). Site location, seasonal variations and experimental diet level clearly influenced oyster immune parameters. Haemocyte counts were higher for oysters reared in Normandy than those reared in Charente and in hatchery. Granulocyte percentage was...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Defense mechanisms; Nutrition; Seasonal variations; Physiology; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oysters.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/acte-3500.pdf

Seasonal variation of sperm quality in Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Suquet, Marc; Malo, Florent; Queau, Isabelle; Ratiskol, Dominique; Quere, Claudie; Le Grand, Jacqueline; Fauvel, Christian.
Seasonal changes of sperm quality which can affect sperm biological parameters throughout the breeding period, have been little studied in mollusc species. Controlling gamete quality would aid the management of gametes in hatcheries and the development of selection programs. The aim of the present study was to describe the changes in sperm quality of wild Pacific oysters through the spawning season by comparing sperm parameters at the beginning (May), middle (July) and end (October) of this period using a panel of bio-descriptors. These parameters were studied over the 2014 breeding season based on shed sperm collected after serotonin injection of wild breeders. A significantly higher percentage of motile sperm was observed at the end of the spawning...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Sperm quality; Sperm ageing; Season; Motility.
Ano: 2016
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00346/45690/45310.pdf

Hybridation naturelle entre les deux sous-espèces d'huîtres creuses Crassostrea gigas et Crassostrea angulata au sud de l'Europe
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Huvet, Arnaud; Fabioux, Caroline; Lapegue, Sylvie; Boudry, Pierre.
Crassostrea angulata and Crassostrea gigas, two cupped oysters of Asian origin (O'Foighil et al, 1998), have been introduced successively in Europe during the XVlth and the XXth century (Grizel et Héral, 1991). The present populations of C. angulata appear to be limited to the south of Spain and Portugal, whereas the distribution of C. gigas in Europe is rising because of the development of oyster farming. The distinction between the two subspecies in based on a RFLP marker of the mitochondrial genome (COI) which shows a strong genetic differentiation between the two subspecies populations (Boudry et al., 1998). On the contrary, the nuclear markers (microsatellites) showed a smaller genetic differentiation between them (Huvet et al, under press). The...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Microsatellite; Hybridation; Crassostrea angulata; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres; Génétique.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2001/acte-3282.pdf

Functional Characterization of a short neuropeptide F-related receptor in a Lophotrochozoa, the mollusk Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bigot, Laetitia; Beets, Isabel; Dubos, Marie-pierre; Boudry, Pierre; Schoofs, Liliane; Favrel, Pascal.
Members of the short neuropeptide F (sNPF) family of peptides and their cognate receptors play key roles in a variety of physiological processes in arthropods. In silico screening of GigasDatabase, a specific expressed sequence tag database from the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, resulted in the identification of a receptor (CgsNPFR-like) phylogenetically closely related to sNPF receptors (sNPFRs) of insects. A reverse endocrinology approach was undertaken to identify the peptide ligand(s) of this orphan receptor. Though structurally distinct from insect sNPFs, three RFamide peptides derived from the same precursor, i.e. GSLFRFamide, SSLFRFamide and GALFRFamide, specifically activate the receptor in a dose-dependent manner, with respective EC50 values...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Oyster; Crassostrea gigas; SNPF; Energy metabolism; Reproduction; Starvation.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00207/31777/30188.pdf

Morphological and mitochondrial DNA characteristics of two cultured species of cupped-oysters (Bivalvia : Ostreidae) in Hong Kong : towards a significant taxonomic name change
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lam, Katherine; Morton, Brian; Boudry, Pierre; Heurtebise, Serge.
Cultured cupped-oysters species in Hong Kong have rarely been differentiated properly due to similarities in shell characters. This study attempted to characterize putative Crassostrea gigas and Crassostrea ariakensis by morphological and genetic means. Allometric ratios of shell height/length and depth/length were significantly different between the two species. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of a PCR amplified mitochondrial COI (cytochrome oxidase I) fragment was used to examine genetic differentiation between putative C. gigas from Hong Kong and previously studied populations of Crassostrea from Europe, Japan and Taiwan. The two Hong Kong species are not only morphologically, but also genetically different from each other in terms of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Oysters; Hong Kong Crassostrea; Characteristics; Genetic population; Crassostrea ariakensis; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/acte-2844.pdf

Génomique de l'adaptation de l'huître creuse du Pacifique, Crassostrea gigas, dans le cadre de son expansion géographique
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Rohfritsch, Audrey; Bierne, Nicolas; Boudry, Pierre; Heurtebise, Serge; Lapegue, Sylvie.
Originating from the north eastern Asia, Crassostrea gigas has been introduced and translocated, mainly for aquaculture purpose, into several European countries (from Norway to Portugal and in the Mediterranean Sea) (1). Although highly variable, the invasiveness pattern of C. gigas has been demonstrated in several countries and therefore considered as a pest or a noxious species in those areas (2 and 3).  Our project aims at identifying the characteristics of such a flourishing species: can its success be explained by chance and/or global warming only or does it exhibit a more important potential of adaptation than other species? Therefore we developed a population genomics approach, known as "genome scan". It corresponds to the study of numerous loci...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Pacific oyster; Invasive; AFLP; Genome scan; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/acte-4542.pdf

Effect of the PSP-causing dinoflagellate, Alexandrium sp. on the initial feeding response of Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Wildish, David; Lassus, Patrick; Martin, Jennifer; Saulnier, Alinne; Bardouil, Michele.
The effects of toxic and non-toxic strains of Alexandrium sp. on the initial feeding responses of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas were determined by continuous monitoring of the clearance rate of individual oysters. This was determined fluorometrically by loss of fluorescence of live microalgae introduced as food. Feeding oysters with toxic or non-toxic A. tamarense and toxic A. fundyense resulted in stop/start clearance behaviour. In contrast, control oysters fed a reference microalga, Isochrysis sp., known to support their growth, did not exhibit this behavior. Pacific oysters acclimated to Isochrysis sp., fed mixtures of Alexandrium/Isochrysis, showed further evidence of stop/start clearance. Exposure for periods up to 48 hours with non-toxic A....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Physiologie alimentaire; Microalgues toxiques; Dinoflagellés; Paralytic shellfish poisoning; Crassostrea gigas; Feeding physiology; Toxic microalgae; Dinoflagellate; Paralytic shellfish poisoning.
Ano: 1998
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1998/publication-877.pdf

REMONOR : résultats 2005. Evaluation de la mortalité, croissance et qualité des huîtres creuses
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Mary, Charlotte; Pien, S; Blin, J.l.; Ropert, Michel.
The regional monitoring network REMONOR, relying on the experience of IFREMER's REMORA national network, each year assesses the mortality, growth and quality for two age classes ("adults" = 2 years and "juveniles" = 1 year) of cup oysters, distributed among various farm sites in the main oyster farming sectors of Lower Normandy.  This network, led in collaboration by LERN (Environment Resources Laboratory) and SMEL (Coastline Installations Public-Private Entity), this year welcomes a new farm site in Veules les Roses, in Seine Maritime (76), bringing to 18 the total number of monitored sites. For operational reasons, a reduced monitoring protocol was conducted in 2005 on this last farm site, which will not take on the network's standardised protocol until...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: REMORA; Quality; Growth; Mortality; Normandy; REMONOR; Cupped (gigas) oyster; Crassostrea gigas; REMORA; Qualité; Croissance; Mortalité; Basse Normandie; REMONOR; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/rapport-2212.pdf

Rapport d'activité année 1971 de l'Inspection Principale de La Tremblade
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Leon, Michel.
Rapport d'activités de l'Inspection Principale de La Tremblade concernant l'année 1971
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Conchyliculture; Contrôle sanitaire; Bactériologie; Epuration; Reparcage; Casier sanitaire; Importation; Exportation; Crassostrea gigas; Mytilus edulis; Marennes Oléron.
Ano: 1971
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00070/18102/15650.pdf

Identification and characterization of 18 novel polymorphic microsatellite makers derived from expressed sequence tags in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Sauvage, Christopher; Boudry, Pierre; Lapegue, Sylvie.
We report the development of 18 new polymorphic microsatellite DNA markers derived from Crassostrea gigas expressed sequences tags. Genotyping of 48 wild adult oysters sampled from Marennes-OlEron bay (France) revealed 12 to 48 alleles per locus. Observed and expected heterozygosity levels ranged from 0.64 to 1 and from 0.77 to 0.97, respectively. The development of these new markers creates a useful complementary tool for population genetics studies, parentage analysis and mapping in Pacific oyster, a species of major aquacultural and ecological importance.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Pacific oyster; Null alleles; EST SSR markers; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/publication-6419.pdf

REseau MOllusques des Rendements Aquacoles huitre creuse (REMORA) ; résultats des stations NATIONALES ; Année 2002
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Fleury, Pierre-gildas; Simonne, Charlotte; Claude, Serge; Palvadeau, Hubert; Guilpain, Patrice; D'Amico, Florence; Le Gall, Patrik; Vercelli, Catherine; Pien, S.
The monitoring network IFREMER /REMORA is assessing, on a yearly basis two oyster batches ("juveniles" = one-year old ; and "adults" = two-years old), distributed among various stations of the main French oyster areas. Samplings are carried out in March, June, September and December. In this way this network assess seasonal mortality, growth and quality of cupped oysters, in which it is a tool for trend estimations, and then for ecosystem management or scientific studies. However, it must not be considered as an accurate estimation of professional oyster ongrowings. 2002 has been a year of very few mortality (6% in average for "adults" and 11% for juveniles). Only 2 batches were over 15% mortality. The mortality is a bit higher in juveniles batches' with 5...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Polydora; Quality; Growth; Mortality; Crassostrea gigas; Cupped (gigas) oyster; France; REMORA; Polydora; Qualité; Croissance; Mortalité; Crassostrea gigas; Huître creuse; France; REMORA.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/rapport-2439.pdf

Prevalence and infection intensity of the ovarian parasite Marteilioides chungmuensis during an annual reproductive cycle of the oyster Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Ngo, Thao; Berthe, Franck; Choi, Kwang-sik.
The occurrence of Marteilioides chungmuensis, a protozoan paramyxean parasite in the reproductive system of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, was observed at Gosung Bay, Korea. Seasonal variation in gonad development was investigated in a suspended cultured oyster population. Gametogenesis began in February and first-spawning was observed between mid and late June when surface water temperature reached 22 to 25degreesC. Spawning activity extended from mid June to late September, with 2 marked spawning peaks in June and August. Histological examination indicated that gonad development paralleled seasonal fluctuations in water temperature. Spawning in late June was partly associated with a sudden drop in salinity due to large freshwater inputs to the Bay...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Korea; Ovary parasite; Marteilioides chungmuensis; Gonad development; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2003
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/publication-2848.pdf

Relations trophiques entre huitre et milieu; influence de la concentration et de la taille des particules
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Filia, M; Copello, M; Colomines, J.
At 15 degree C, different concentrations of Phaeodactylum tricornutum are given to Crassostrea gigas . Ingestion, filtration, respiration, ammonia excretion have been measured. All ecophysiological response, except dissolved excretion, are dependent of food concentration. Energy balances have been determined and selectivity of particle size observed.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Bivalvia; Phaeodactylum tricornutum; Algae; Diets; Excretion; Respiration; Water filtration; Ingestion; Particle size; Energy balance; Food availability; Ecophysiology; Bilan énergétique; Ecophysiologie; Huître.
Ano: 1983
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1983/acte-1178.pdf

Réseau national de suivi des performances de l'huître creuse (Crassostrea gigas). Synthèse des résultats des stations nationales REMORA. Année 2006
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bedier, Edouard; Claude, Serge; Simonne, Charlotte; D'Amico, Florence; Palvadeau, Hubert; Guilpain, Patrice; Le Gall, P; Pien, S.
En 2006, le cheptel d'origine d'huîtres adultes présentait un poids moyen individuel de 28,8g. La mise à l'eau s'est effectuée entre le 13 et le 17 mars 2006 sur les stations Manche et Atlantique et le 20 mars en Méditerranée. Au niveau national, la croissance observée en 2006 pour les adultes s'avère bonne, avec des valeurs supérieures à la moyenne en Normandie (+9,6%), en Bretagne Nord (+24,7%) et dans les Pays de la Loire (+11,7%). En revanche, les performances sont médiocres dans le bassin d'Arcachon (-13,3%). En Méditerranée, le poids atteint en décembre est plus faible que la normale (-8,5%), en raison des conditions de malaïgues qui ont prévalu sur l'étang de Thau. Sur les autres secteurs, les croissances sont moyennes. Les mortalités observées chez...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Remora; Qualité; Croissance; Mortalité; Basse Normandie; Remonor; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Remora; Quality; Growth; Mortality; Normandy; Remonor; Cupped (gigas) oyster; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/rapport-3642.pdf

In Silico Analysis of Pacific Oyster (Crassostrea gigas) Transcriptome over Developmental Stages Reveals Candidate Genes for Larval Settlement
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Foulon, Valentin; Boudry, Pierre; Artigaud, Sebastien; Guérard, Fabienne; Hellio, Claire.
Following their planktonic phase, the larvae of benthic marine organisms must locate a suitable habitat to settle and metamorphose. For oysters, larval adhesion occurs at the pediveliger stage with the secretion of a proteinaceous bioadhesive produced by the foot, a specialized and ephemeral organ. Oyster bioadhesive is highly resistant to proteomic extraction and is only produced in very low quantities, which explains why it has been very little examined in larvae to date. In silico analysis of nucleic acid databases could help to identify genes of interest implicated in settlement. In this work, the publicly available transcriptome of Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas over its developmental stages was mined to select genes highly expressed at the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oyster; Pediveliger larvae; Bioadhesive; Transcriptome.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00475/58677/61172.pdf

Etude des anomalies chromosomiques chez Crassostrea gigas - Contrat Région Poitou-Charentes 2000-2006. Convention 2004
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bouilly, Karine; Bonnard, Marc; Lapegue, Sylvie.
Des anomalies cytogénétiques, telles que l'aneuploïdie, sont connues pour être communes chez les bivalves (Ahmed et Sparks, 1970; Dixon, 1982; Thiriot- Quiévreux, 1986; Martínez-Expósito et al., 1992; Li et Havenhand, 1997). Ce phénomène, qui a pour origine principalement une non-disjonction des chromosomes pendant la mitose ou la méiose (Bond et Chandley, 1983; Martin et Rademaker, 1990), est souvent létal chez les animaux supérieurs tels que les mammifères ou bien associé à un retard de croissance (Vig et Sandberg, 1987). Chez Crassostrea gigas, l’aneuploïdie est l’altération du nombre diploïde normal de 20 chromosomes (Ahmed et Sparks, 1967; Thiriot-Quiévreux, 1984) en cellules hypodiploïdes avec 19, 18 ou 17 chromosomes (Thiriot-Quiévreux et al.,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Chromosomes; Aneuploïdie; Huîtres creuses; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00044/15477/12856.pdf

Contrat de Plan Etat Région Poitou-Charentes 1994-1998. Convention 95 RPC R 62 - Programme Pathologie - Rapport Scientifique année 1995
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Renault, Tristan; Berthe, Franck; Chollet, Bruno; Cochennec, Nathalie; Haffner, Philippe; Le Deuff, Rose-marie; Thuillier, Benoit.
Le but de ce programme pathologie est de rechercher et d'étudier les agents pathogènes connus et inconnus chez les mollusques bivalves marins, plus particulièrement chez l'huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas, afin d'identifier d'éventuels agents causant des mortalités, de proposer des mesures prophylactiques et de définir des conditions zootechniques permettant aux professionnels de limiter l'impact des maladies sur leur cheptel. La présence de maladies, chez les mollusques bivalves marins dont l'impact socio économique peut être catastrophique pour les productions conchylicoles, et l'accroissement des échanges de produits d'aquaculture entre les pays de la CEE et avec les pays tiers nécessitent le renforcement des recherches dans les domaines de la...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Pathologie; Pathogènes; Virus; Herpès virus; Crassostrea gigas; Diagnostic; Herpesviridae.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00043/15453/12828.pdf

Cg-TIMP, un inhibiteur de metalloproteinase isolé chez Crassostrea gigas : étude de son rôle dans la réparation des lésions et dans les mécanismes de défense
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Escoubas, Jean-michel; Montagnani, Caroline; Le Roux, Frédérique; De Lorgeril, Julien; Berthe, Franck; Bachere, Evelyne.
We isolated complementary DNA (Cg-TIMP) from Crassostrea gigas that codes for a protein highly homologous to vertebrate tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). In vertebrates, TIMPs are multifunctional proteins that play a key role in extracellular matrix metabolism. They are involved in physiological processes (e.g. embryonic development, damage repair, angiogenesis) and pathological processes (e.g. inflammatory reactions, cancer).
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Proteine; Cg TIMP; ADN; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2001/acte-3268.pdf

Evidence for interspecies transmission of oyster herpesvirus in marine bivalves
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Arzul, Isabelle; Renault, Tristan; Lipart, Cécile; Davison, Andrew.
Since 1991, numerous herpesvirus infections associated with high mortality have been reported around the world in various marine bivalve species. In order to determine whether these infections are due to ostreid herpesvirus-l (OsHV1), a previously characterized pathogen of the Japanese oyster (Crassostrea gigas), PCR analysis was carried out on 30 samples of larvae collected from four bivalve species (C. gigas, Ostrea edulis, Ruditapes decussatus and Ruditapes philippinarum), most exhibiting mortality prior to collection. All samples were shown to be infected by OsHV1. Viral genomes in three samples of C. gigas and three of R. philippinarum that originated from the same hatchery were unusual in bearing a deletion of at least 2.8 kbp in an inverted repeat...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bivalve; Crassostrea gigas; Herpesvirus; Japanese oyster; Transmission.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2001/publication-705.pdf

Valeur énergétique de la chair de l'huître Crassostrea gigas estimée par mesures microcalorimétriques et par dosages biochimiques
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Heral, Maurice; Deslous Paoli, Jean-marc.
The energetic values measured by the direct method and estimated by biochemical analysis of the annual cycle of ash-free dry weight of two Crassostrea gigas populations, show that the analytic results are inferior by 30% to those obtained by direct evaluation. The mean energetic amount is 4.84 cal.mg-1. Its seasonal variations, from 4.11 to 5.39 cal.mg-l, mainly depend on variations in the values of lipids. The mean conversion factor of lipids is 8.63 cal.mg-!, noticeably different from Brody's (9.45 caI.mg-I). This coefficient varies according to seasons from 7.85 to 9.38 cal.mg'-I. According to the biochemical evaluations, female oysters appear to he more energetic than male oysters when gonads are full. Direct evaluations, on the other hand, show no...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Microcalorimétrie; Biochimie; Coefficient de conversion des lipide; S Bassin de Marennes-Oléron; Crassostrea gigas; Microcalorimetry; Biochemistry; Conversion factor of lipids; Bay of Marennes-Oleron.
Ano: 1983
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1983/publication-2953.pdf

Impacts des informations produites par l'IFREMER sur la qualité des eaux littorales dans la production et la commercialisation des coquillages
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Dubuisson-quellier, Sophie.
La connaissance aussi bien que la gestion des écosystèmes marins suppose de disposer d'un réferentiel d'indicateurs et de mesures capable d'informer sur l'état du milieu. Le zonage, c'est-à-dire le découpage en zones géographiques, participe de la construction de ce réferentiel, notamment lorsqu'il permet ensuite la mise en place de réseaux de mesure pour la surveillance de la qualité du milieu littoral, dans un souci d'observation pour la gestion opérationnelle de ce milieu (politiques d'occupation des espaces, usages différents des espaces côtiers). Le principe du zonage est ancien (Morel, 1996) et peut varier en complexité selon qu'une seule variable descriptive est utilisée, comme dans le cas du zonage thématique basé sur la géographie physique et...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Oyster; Ostreiculture; Mussel culture; Marennes Oleron Bay; Crassostrea Gigas; Water quality; Aquaculture; Economic impact; Coastal water; Marine pollution; Shellfish culture; SEM; Marennes Oleron bassin; Crassostrea gigas; Economie; Qualite eau; Controle sanitaire; Conchyliculture; Ostreiculture; Developpement aquaculture.
Ano: 2001
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2001/rapport-1740.pdf

Flash Info Maline 2008-2018, dix ans déjà …de communication sur les mortalités d'huîtres (Crassostrea gigas) et de moules (Mytilus edulis) dans les Pertuis Charentais
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick; Bouquet, Anne-lise; Mille, Dominique.
Flash Info Maline sur les Mortalités d’huîtres et de moules. Dix ans d’une communication concertée entre la profession conchylicole, les services de l’état, le centre technique régional et l’Ifremer. En 2008, des épisodes de mortalité massive touchent le naissain d’huître creuse en élevage sur le littoral français et dans les Pertuis Charentais en particulier. Dans ce contexte une « cellule de crise » est créée, réunissant l’Ifremer, le Creaa, les services de l’Etat (DDTM/17) et les professionnels représentés par leur CRC-PC. L’objectif est de rassembler les informations sur les épisodes de mortalité et de les partager avec la profession de manière concertée. Après chaque réunion, un document synthétique est produit : le « Flash Info Maline », rapidement...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mortalité; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Moule bleue; Mytilus edulis; Communication; Profession; Conchylicuture; Administration; Concertation; Pertuis Charentais.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00455/56630/58365.pdf

Etude de la croissance et de l'activité écophysiologique des huîtres creuses Crassostrea gigas, Crassostrea angulata et de leurs hybrides en système contrôlé
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Haure, Joel; Huvet, Arnaud; Palvadeau, Hubert; Nourry, Max; Martin, Jean-louis; Boudry, Pierre; Penisson, Christian.
A comparative study of the growth of the oysters Crassostrea gigas, Crassostrea angulata and their hybrids was carried out in 1999 in system controlled with contribution of the micro alga Skeletonema costatum. The results showed significant differences of the pondéral growth of the four studied progenies. The animals C. gigas had growth rates 1.4 times greater than C. angulata oysters. The hybrid progenies were shown more powerful than Portuguese oysters but are not different from the Japanese oysters. The ecophysiologic study showed that the averages of filtration and oxygen uptake, obtained by means of a three hours recording, cannot differentiate the four studied progenies. On the other hand, the calculation of the FTA (Feeding Time Activity) allowed to...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Skeletonema costatum; Hybrids; Crassostrea angulata; Crassostrea gigas; Ecophysiology; Growth; Skeletonema costatum; Hybrides; Crassostrea angulata; Crassostrea gigas; Ecophysiologie; Croissance.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2001/rapport-1636.pdf

Impact de Marteilia refringens et de Bonamia ostreae sur l'ostréiculture bretonne
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Grizel, Henri.
Two successive diseases struck the flat oyster Ostrea edulis farms in Brittany. These two epizooties lead to some changes in the farming practices. The oyster culture developed towards the open ocean, in the sublitoral part. New techniques have been developed for the culture and collection. The flat oyster has been partially replaced by the cupped oyster Crassostrea gigas whose production went from 3 000 to 16 000 tonnes. They also had heavy consequences on the regional economy. The important mortalities decimated the stocks. The production dropped by about 17 000 tonnes from 1910 to 1982. For the same period of time, profits from the sale of the produced flat oysters dropped from 131.6 million to 65.2 million francs. Numerous companies reduced the surface...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bonamia ostreae; Marteilia refringens; Crassostrea gigas; Crassostrea angulata; Ostrea edulis; Huître; Pathologie.
Ano: 1983
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1983/acte-5924.PDF

Effects of cadmium on aneuploidy and hemocyte parameters in the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bouilly, Karine; Gagnaire, Beatrice; Bonnard, Marc; Thomas-guyon, Helene; Renault, Tristan; Miramand, Pierre; Lapegue, Sylvie.
Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas, are commonly reared in estuaries where they are exposed to anthropogenic pollution. Much research has been made on the toxicity of cadmium to aquatic organisms because the compound recurrently contaminates their environment. Our study examined the influence of cadmium on aneuploidy level (lowered chromosome number in a percentage of somatic cells) and hemocyte parameters in C. gigas at different stages of life. Adults and juveniles were exposed to two different concentrations of cadmium. The first concentration applied was equivalent to a peak value found in Marennes-Oleron bay (Charente-Maritime, France; 50 ng L-1) and the second was 10 times higher (500 ng L-1). Exposure to 50 ng L-1 cadmium caused a significant...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Phenoloxidase; Flow cytometry; Hemocytes; Aneuploidy; Crassostrea gigas; Cadmium.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-1687.pdf

REMONOR 2012. Résultats du suivi régional REMONOR en Normandie
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pien, Sebastien; Mary, Charlotte; Normand, Julien.
Le réseau régional REMONOR est un dispositif d’observation des performances annuelles de mortalité, croissance et qualité des huîtres creuses. Le protocole s’attache à surveiller des individus de deux classes d’âge (« adultes » = 2 ans et « juvéniles » = 1 an) réparties entre différentes stations dans les principaux secteurs ostréicoles normands. Ce réseau est mené conjointement par le LERN (Laboratoire Environnement Ressources de Normandie) et le SMEL (Synergie Mer Et Littoral) qui mettent en commun leurs moyens humains et techniques de façon à suivre les 10 stations du réseau sur l’ensemble de la côte Bas-Normande. Une nouvelle fois, la mortalité estivale du naissain est très importante, plus particulièrement sur la côte Ouest du Cotentin. Sur ce...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Huître creuse; REMONOR; Basse-Normandie; Mortalité; Croissance; Qualité; REMORA.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00181/29268/27677.pdf

Réponse écophysiologique de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas à la variabilité spatio-temporelle des facteurs environnementaux. Etude par modélisation écologique
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Grangere, Karine.
The spatial and temporal variability in biotic and abiotic environmental factors influence the ecophysiological response of bivalves (growth, reproduction and survival). In this study, the physiological status of cultivated oysters in the Baie des Veys ecosystem was studied using an ecosystem model which simulates ecophysiological processes of oysters (growth, maintenance and reproduction) and environmental processes which control oyster responses (river inputs, meteorology, hydrodynamic). In order to assess the spatial and temporal scales of variability in this ecosystem, two modelling approaches were developed. Temporal variability from the seasonal to the inter-annual scale was studied using a box model. Results showed that the variability in...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Baie desVeys; Terrestrial inputs; Physiological state; Hydrodynamism; Oyster mortality; Primary production; Ecological model; Crassostrea gigas; Baie des Veys; Apports terrigènes; État physiologique; Hydrodynamisme; Mortalités d'huîtres; Productivité primaire; Modèles écologiques; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/these-6785.pdf

Chlamydia-like organisms in ctenidia and mantle cells of the Japanese oyster Crassostrea ggias from the French Atlantic coast
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Renault, Tristan; Cochennec, Nathalie.
Grossly visible lesions of the ctenidia and occasional mortalities in Japanese oyster Crassostrea gigas from the Atlantic French coast were reported in 1992-1993. From August 1992 to March 1993, 235 living oysters were collected to determine the cause of tissue lesions and mortalities. Microscopical examination of fixed, stained sections revealed that 53 2% of these oysters had ctenidia and mantle lesions associated with irregular basophllic and Feulgen positive cytoplasmic inclusion bodies. Ultrastructurally, the infectious agent was a chlamydia-like organism. Indirect fluorescent and peroxidase conjugated antibody tests suggested that this agent might share common antigens with the prokaryotic agent Chlamydia psittaci, strain ovis
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mantle; Ctenidia; Chlamydia like organisms; Pacific oyster; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1995/publication-2896.pdf

Characterization of Vibrio isolated from Crassostrea gigas spat suffering summer mortality outbreaks
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gay, Melanie; Renault, Tristan; Le Roux, Fredérique.
The French oyster production is mainly based on the pacific oyster, Crassos/rea gigas. However, for several years, C. gigas spat has suffered severe mortality outbreaks. A multifactorial etiology implicating environment, oyster physiology, genetics and pathogens is heavily suspected. A herpesvims and bacteria belonging to the Vihrio s\p/endidus polyphyletic group have been isolated From summer mortality outbreaks. Moreover, several strains belonging to the genus Vibrio have been identified as pathogen for different mollusk species. However, few tools are available for the identification of these Vibrios and for the characterization of the virulence of the pathogenic strains.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mortality; Vibrio splendidus; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/acte-2854.pdf

Eléments de comprehension des stratégies de captage naturel de l'huître creuse (Crassostrea gigas) des ostréiculteurs de Charente- Maritime
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Toulhoat, Lucile.
In France, Pacific oyster farming is mostly dependent on natural spat collection, which supplies more than half of the needs in juvenile oysters, the remaining part is provided by hatcheries. This activity has been undertaken since the second half of the nineteenth century, mostly in the Arcachon basin and in the pertuis charentais (Charente straits), which provides most of natural spat produced in France. Traditionally, Pacific oyster juveniles are harvested by oyster farmers, among which some are specialized. Specific collectors are settled in the intertidal zone during reproduction period (end of June to beginning of September). In Charente-Maritime, the spat collection strategies have underwent many changes, and are now quite diverse. The present study...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Pose de collecteurs; Pertuis Charentais; Crassostrea gigas; Captage naturel; Collector settling; Pertuis Charentais; Crassostrea gigas; Spat collection.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/rapport-4908.pdf

Mise en évidence expérimentale de la variance du succès reproducteur chez l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Boudry, Pierre; Collet, Bertrand; Cornette, Florence; Hervouet, Veronique; Kotoulas, G.; Bonhomme, Francois.
Oysters, like many other marine species, are characterized by very high fertilities. Natural or hatchery populations, often present very low Ne/N ratios (Hedgecock, 1994). It can be explained by very high variances of their breeding success (Li and Hedgecock, 1998), the effective population size being estimated through the temporal variance of the allelic frequencies in natural populations (Hedgecock et al., 1992) or, more directly, through the estimated number of founders in hatchery populations (Launey, 1998). This document is a presentation of the results of a number of experiments, realised in the scope of the European program "GENEPHYS" (FAIR 95-421), and using microsatellite markers to analyse the parental contributions in the flat oyster Crassostrea...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Microsatellite; Succès reproducteur; Contributions parentales; Génétique; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1999/acte-3454.pdf

In vitro research of anti-HSV-1 activity in different extracts from Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Olicard, Cecile; Didier, Yohann; Marty, Christel; Bourgougnon, Nathalie; Renault, Tristan.
Mortalities related to the detection of Ostreid Herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1) have been previously reported in France among larvae and spat of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Adult oysters appear less sensitive to herpesvirus infections, although OsHV-1 has been detected in adults without signs of disease or mortality. This suggests that the virus is able to persist in its host and that adult oysters may be able to control OsHV-1 infection. Little is known about antiviral substances in invertebrates. The present work concerns the research of antiviral substances in adult oyster C. gigas, where putative antiviral activities were monitored using 3 strategies: (1) in metabolites with variable polarity, (2) in peptidic extracts and (3) in crude haemolymph. In...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Haemolymph; Antiviral peptides; HSV 1; OsHV 1; Antiviral defence; Crassostrea gigas; Oyster.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/publication-2922.pdf

Setting of a procedure for experimental fertilisation of Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) oocytes
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Song, Yun-peng; Suquet, Marc; Queau, Isabelle; Lebrun, Luc.
The quality of oyster spermatozoa has become an issue for modern aquaculture. However, reliable protocols used to assess gamete quality are lacking. The aim of this work is to define a standardised experimental fertilisation protocol for Pacific oyster oocytes. Six experiments have been carried out in this study. The optimal conditions for Pacific oyster experimental fertilisation have been defined: (1) oocytes can be conserved in seawater for at least 4 h before fertilisation. (2) oocyte concentration: 100-1000 ml(-1) seawater, (3) fertilisation volume: 10-100 nil, (4) spermatozoa: oocyte ratio: 400 to maintain discriminating conditions, (5) gamete contact time: longer than 10 mill and (6) fertilisation and incubation temperatures: both 19 degrees C. The...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oyster; Experimental; Fertilisation.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/publication-6231.pdf

Essai d'acclimatation de Crassostrea virginica et performances biologiques comparées avec Crassostrea gigas (2ème partie)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gerard, Andre; Naciri, Yamama; Peignon, Jean-marie; Ledu, Christophe; Phelipot, Pascal; Baud, Jean-pierre; Heurtebise, Serge; Nourry, Max; Renault, Tristan; Cochennec, Nathalie; Zanette, Yvan; Blachier, Philippe.
Deuxième volet du programme d'essai d'acclimatation de l'huître américaine Crassostrea virginica, ce rapport présente les actions et les résultats de l'année 1993 qui a été consacrée au suivi des performances comparées de croissance des populations de C. gigas et C. virginica produites en 1992, ceci en trois sites différents: • dans le bassin de Marennes-Oléron en claire et sur estran, à la station IFREMER de Bouin en élevage intensif, au CREAA sur l'Ile d'Oléron en marais extensif. Au terme de cette seconde année d'étude, il est d'ores et déjà possible d'affirmer que que la souche anglaise de C. virginica étudiée ne présente pas de caractéristiques de croissance susceptibles de la rendre compétitive par rapport au témoin Crassostrea gigas et cela d'autant...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mollusques; Acclimatation; Crassostrea virginica; Crassostrea gigas; Génétique; Pathologie.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00077/18846/16419.pdf

Oocyte and embryo quality in Crassostrea gigas (Portuguese strain) during a spawning period in Algarve, South Portugal
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Massapina, Clara; Joaquim, Sandra; Matias, Domitilia; Devauchelle, Nicole.
Egg quality is one of the most important factors determining larval viability. The study of oocytes released by 'wild' broodstock will contribute to the definition of quality criteria applied to hatcheries as well as being an indicator of the oyster reproduction potential and aquaculture ongrowing systems. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between condition of Crassostrea gigas spp. angulata (Portuguese strain) from 'wild' broodstock (condition index, gonadal maturity and number of oocyte released), oocyte biochemistry and hatching rate of eggs during the spring/summer of 1995. Stages of gonadal maturity and condition index indicated that natural spawning of this species occurred between April and August with the highest spawning...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Portuguese strain; Condition index; Gonadal maturity; Oocyte biochemical composition; Larval viability.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00043/15442/12814.pdf

Estimation des stocks d’huîtres sauvages sur les zones concédées de la partie vendéenne de la Baie de Bourgneuf en 2003
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Martin, Jean-louis; Haure, Joel; Dupuy, Beatrice; Nourry, Max; Palvadeau, Hubert; Papin, Mathias; Penisson, Christian; Thouard, Emmanuel.
Au cours des dernières années, les résultats du réseau REMORA montrent un déficit de croissance des huîtres en baie de Bourgneuf par rapport à la moyenne nationale. Ce déficit de croissance s’accentue particulièrement en 2000 et se poursuit en 2002. L’une des hypothèses pouvant être mise en avant pour expliquer les causes de ce manque de croissance est la biomasse accrue des organismes filtreurs cultivés ou non : huîtres, moules, crépidules. Afin d'avoir une vision globale du fonctionnement de l’écosystème de la baie, il est nécessaire d’étudier l’importance relative de ces différents stocks de coquillages. Plusieurs études ont été réalisées en 2002 : -  Creocean et le Crema ont estimé la biomasse de crépidules dans la partie subtidal de la baie à environ...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Estimation de stock; Biomasse; Baie de Bourgneuf.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00306/41713/40924.pdf

Etude pluridiciplinaire de la DYNAmique des MOrtalités estivales dans le bassin de Marennes- Oléron : Dynamique des mortalités en relation avec la reproduction in situ et la température - Suivi de paramètres hémocytaires - Synergie écologie côtière et activité hémocytaire
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Renault, Tristan; Soletchnik, Patrick; Le Moine, Olivier; Faury, Nicole; Guilpain, Patrice; Geairon, Philippe; Razet, Daniel; Seugnet, Jean-luc; Gagnaire, Beatrice; Kerdudou, Nolwenn.
Massive abnormal mortalities of flat oysters Crassostrea during the summer period are nothing new, and such episodes have been described in scientific literature for about forty years. Numerous studies demonstrate that there is not one single identified cause to this phenomenon and that it is, on the contrary, a combination of different parameters. This program proposes a multidisciplinary approach to the problem of summer mortality of C. gigas in which the working hypothesis is that these mortalities result from the interaction of three parameters: environment, host and pathogens. As a consequence, this program gathers all the necessary competences for the study of these interactions: competences in genetics, physiology, immunology, ecotoxicology,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marennes Oléron; Activité hémoctyaire; Synergie écologie côtière; Pathologie; Paramètres hémocytaires; Physiologie; Paramètres; Reproduction; Mortalités; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2002/acte-3404.pdf

Etude de la virulence des Vibrio pathogènes en relation avec la variabilité de la réponse chez l'uître creuse
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: De Decker, Sophie.
The bacteria of the Vibrio genus are one of the most abundant groups in the aquatic ecosystems. Two species of vibrios, Vibrio splendidus and V. Aestuarianus, have been associated, in some cases, to mortality in flat oyster Crassostrea gigas farms, most of the time during the summer period. This doctoral thesis studies the Vibrio-host interaction and their modulations according to the host's pathogenic virulence and its genetic, physiologic and immunitary parameters. These factors will be characterised by in vitro and in vivo approaches (experimental infection). The characterization of contrasted genetic families according to their sensitivity to these vibrios will enable the implementation of new improvement strategies in oyster farms (prophylactic...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Immunologie; Physiologie; Paramètres génétiques; Virulence; Oyster; Crassostrea gigas; Pathogène; Vibrio.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/acte-3431.pdf

Essai de mise en évidence in situ de paramètres biotiques et abiotiques de l'eau et de l'interface eau-sédiment intervenant dans la production de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Heral, Maurice; Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc; Razet, Daniel; Prou, Jean.
The flesh production of oysters is mainly related to concentrations of dissolved carbon and free amino acids. The younger oysters are dependent on concentrations of pheopigments while the production of the older ones is related to chlorophyll a values of the water-sediment interface. Shell production depends mainly on temperature, but also on the amount of food available: concentrations of dissolved carbon for the younger oysters and values in chlorophyll a of the interface for the older ones.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Dissolved matter; Pheopigments; Chlorophyll; Marenne Oleron estuary; Crassostrea gigas; Trophic relations; Substances dissoutes; Phéopigments; Chlorophylle a; Estuaire de Marennes Oléron; Crassostrea gigas; Relations trophiques.
Ano: 1984
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1984/publication-2932.pdf

L'amélioration de la qualité des huîtres à échelle professionnelle: intégration de l'eau salée souterraine traitée comme milieu d'élevage
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Haure, Joel; Durin, Olivier; Palvadeau, Hubert; Papin, Mathias; Nourry, Max; Penisson, Christian; Martin, Jean-louis.
Les travaux menés au LCPL depuis plusieurs année sur l'engraissement contrôlé de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas ont permis, à l'échelle expérimentale de définir les différents paramètres d 'élevage: température : 14°C ration alimentaire : 2.10(9) cell/ind/j de la diatomée Skeletonema costatum - indice AFNOR initial sans incidence - débit d 'eau : 3 l/ind/h - eau de mer ou eau salée souterraine. Dans ces conditions et après 30 jours d 'engraissement, le poids total des huîtres a progressé de 10%, le poids sec de 230%, l'indice AFNOR de 80% et la concentration en glycogène de 450%. Le travail réalisé ici a pour but de transposer de l'échelle expérimentale à une échelle significative pour les professionnels, la technique d'engraissement contrôlé en...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Affinage; Qualité; Elevage contrôlé.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00048/15888/13310.pdf

Suivi de la reproduction des mollusques d'élevage 1987
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Heurtebise, Serge; Ratiskol, Jacqueline.
Comme précédemment en 1985 et 1986, le suivi de la reproduction des huîtres et des moules a été assuré par le CSRU de La Tremblade pour les secteurs clefs de la production du naissain que sont l'embouchure de la Charente, la Seudre et le bassin de Marennes-Oléron.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Reproduction; Captage; Naissain; Crassostrea gigas; Mytilus edulis; Marennes Oléron.
Ano: 1987
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00072/18287/15859.pdf

Exploring First Interactions Between Ostreid Herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1) and Its Host, Crassostrea gigas: Effects of Specific Antiviral Antibodies and Dextran Sulfate
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Martenot, Claire; Faury, Nicole; Morga, Benjamin; Degremont, Lionel; Lamy, Jean-baptiste; Houssin, Maryline; Renault, Tristan.
Viral entry mechanisms of herpesviruses constitute a highly complex process which implicates several viral glycoproteins and different receptors on the host cell surfaces. This initial infection stage was currently undescribed for Ostreid herpes virus 1 (OsHV-1), a herpesvirus infecting bivalves including the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. To identify OsHV-1 glyproteins implicated in the attachment of the virus to oyster cells, three viral putative membrane proteins, encoded by ORF 25, 41, and 72, were selected and polyclonal antibodies against these targets were used to explore first interactions between the virus and host cells. In addition, effects of dextran sulfate, a negative charged sulfated polysaccharide, were investigated on OsHV-1 infection....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: OsHV-1; Antiviral antibodies; Dextran sulfate; Interaction; Crassostrea gigas; Infection.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00501/61273/64847.pdf

Croissance des huîtres creuses, Crassostrea gigas, en baie du mont Saint-Michel, avant la restructuration de 2004
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bouget, Jean-francois; Mazurie, Joseph.
This study presents the main results of oyster growth obtained experimentally in 2002 and 2003, in the farming area of Cancale before the leases reorganization of 2004. According to the REMORA monitoring network from 1990 to 2004, the oyster growth in Cancale bay may be characterized by an average annual weight gain (around 30g per year), a rather weak meat content compared to other regional oyster sites, and an exceptional quality of shell (absence of blisters, few Poly do rd). Spatially, the oyster farming area of Cancale shows rather homogeneous performances of breeding, in spite of the muddy southern area. In addition an experimental trial in 2003 allowed to evaluate favourably the potential of the new oyster area of Saint-Benoît : in these...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mont Saint Michel; Crassostrea gigas; Growth; Breeding; Oyster; Mont Saint Michel; Crassostrea gigas; Croissance; Ostréiculture; Huître.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/rapport-1637.pdf

Bassin de la Charente et Baie associée de Marennes-Oléron
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bacher, Cedric; Fillon, Alain; Prou, Jean; Heral, Maurice.
Les modèles d'apports de nitrates par le fleuve Charente, les modèles de productivité de production primaire et les modèles de croissance des huîtres développés précédemment ont été adaptés pour préciser l'impact de la Charente en période d'étiage sur la productivité des huîtres. L'impact de la construction éventuelle du barrage de la Charente a été évalué en fonction de son dimensionnement et de ses modalités de gestion.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bassin de Marennes-Oléron; Modélisation; Crassostrea gigas; Charente; Trézence.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00077/18796/16373.pdf

REMONOR, Résultats intermédiaires 2007: Evaluation de la mortalité, croissance et qualité des huîtres creuses en Normandie
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pien, S.; Mary, Charlotte.
The first half of 2007 is characterised by very low summer mortality rates (spring mortality has not been analysed due to the bad quality of the original batch). This low rate concerns the two different size classes of each station except Géfosse (BV02) where a high mortality has been monitored (see SUMON monitoring). Growth seems significant, but the adults' initial weight required a finer analysis. Juveniles had a larger growth than the previous years, and especially on the west coast. On the adult side, maturation was well advanced in June, but the September biometrics showed disparate filling rates between the different stations, and had us suppose that the spawning season was on.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: REMORA; Qualité; Croissance; Mortalité; Basse Normandie; REMONOR; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/rapport-3469.pdf

In vitro modulation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen intermediate (ROI/RNI) production in Crassostrea gigas hemocytes
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lambert, Christophe; Soudant, Philippe; Jegaden, Marine; Delaporte, Maryse; Labreuche, Yannick; Moal, Jeanne; Samain, Jean-francois.
Bivalve hemocyte competence has been measured by quantifying functional characteristics, including reactive oxygen intermediate (ROI) production after activation with zymosan or phorbol myristate acetate (PMA). However, untreated oyster hemocytes also produce ROI and RNI (reactive nitrogen intermediates) after bleeding even if not stimulated by Zymosan or PMA. Extensive investigation of this parameter by flow cytometry showed that, in vitro, ROI/RNI production by untreated hemocytes maintained in seawater appeared to be independent of both bacterial burden in the serum and non-self particle phagocytosis. ROI/ RNI production in granulocytes was higher than in hyalinocytes and could be intensified when activated by zymosan but not by PMA. Both cell types...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: NO synthase; NADPH oxidase; Flow cytometry; Reactive nitrogen intermediate RNI; Reactive oxygen intermediate ROI; Hemocytes; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-3057.pdf

First evaluation of resistance to both a California OsHV-1 variant and a French OsHV-1 microvariant in Pacific oysters
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Divilov, Konstantin; Schoolfield, Blaine; Morga, Benjamin; Dégremont, Lionel; Burge, Colleen A.; Mancilla Cortez, Daniel; Friedman, Carolyn S.; Fleener, Gary B.; Dumbauld, Brett R.; Langdon, Chris.
Background Variants of the Ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1) cause high losses of Pacific oysters globally, including in Tomales Bay, California, USA. A suite of new variants, the OsHV-1 microvariants (μvars), cause very high mortalities of Pacific oysters in major oyster-growing regions outside of the United States. There are currently no known Pacific oysters in the United States that are resistant to OsHV-1 as resistance has yet to be evaluated in these oysters. As part of an effort to begin genetic selection for resistance to OsHV-1, 71 families from the Molluscan Broodstock Program, a US West Coast Pacific oyster breeding program, were screened for survival after exposure to OsHV-1 in Tomales Bay. They were also tested in a quarantine laboratory in...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ostreid herpesvirus 1; Crassostrea gigas; Heritability; Breeding.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00598/70974/69206.pdf

Essai de réimplantation de Crassostrea angulata en France. Résistance au chambrage et comportement des hybrides C. angulata - C. gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bougrier, Serge; Raguenes, Gerard; Bachere, Evelyne; Tige, Gilbert; Grizel, Henri.
The inability to rear the oysters C. gigas and O. edulis in certain Brittany waters has prompted us to conduct breeding trials with C. angulata C. gigas and their hybrids. Results have revealed that all the strains tested were sensitive to Tributyl tin (TBT), showing atnormal shell thickness and their growth was lower than C. gigas. In addition, C. angulata was still affected by the presence of the Iridovirus in France.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: TBT; Breeding trials; Hubrids; Crassostrea gigas; Crassostrea angulata; TBT; Chambrage; Croisement; Hybrides; Crassostrea gigas; Crassostrea angulata.
Ano: 1986
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1986/acte-3102.pdf

Les facteurs écophysiologiques et génétiques ainsi que la ploïdie influencent-ils la réponse de l'huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas, à une infection par des Vibrio ?
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Castagnet, Sophie.
Depuis une quinzaine d'années, des mortalités massives d'huîtres creuses Crassostrea gigas, sont observées sur le littoral français durant la période estivale. Des études ont démontré que les mortalités sont plurifactorielles et qu'elles sont la résultante d'interactions entre l'environnement, l'huître (physiologie et génétique) et certains agents infectieux. Durant ce stage, les interactions entre l'huître creuse et deux bactéries de genre Vibrio (Vibrio splendidus et Vibrio aestuarianus), fréquemment associées aux mortalités, ont été étudiées, afin de tenter de comprendre le lien entre les facteurs de l'hôte (origine génétique et physiologie de la reproduction) et les vibrions (production d'un facteur de virulence), pouvant impacter la sensibilité de...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ecophysiologie; Génétique; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Vibrio splendidus; Vibrio aestuarianus; Microbiologie.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00033/14442/11741.pdf

Reproduction de la moule Mytilus edulis et de l'huître Crassostrea gigas dans le bassin de Marennes-Oléron - Saison 2003
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Geay, Amelie; Arnaud, Christophe; Masson, Daniel.
The monitoring of the reproduction of Crassostrea gigas, and more occasionally that of the mussel Mytilus edulis, is carried out in Charente Maritime, each year, from June through to September. This report presents the main results obtained in 2003 and compares the years 2002 and 2003. It also recalls the techniques used and provides, in appendix, some bibliographic information on larval development.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marennes Oléron; Larves; Captage; Mytilus edulis; Moules; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres; Reproduction.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/rapport-6575.pdf

Développement de marqueurs moléculaires liés à la résistance à la mortalité estivale chez l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas - Approche QTL
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Sauvage, Christopher.
The Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas is the most cultivated marine species in the world (4.2 million tonnes for a turnover of 3.5 billion US dollars according to the FAO 2005). Flat oyster culture is one of the components of the French economic activity. However, for more than 15 years, farms have had to face some summer mortality episodes (30 %-60 %), that could jeopardize European mollusc culture competitivity. More than the economical importance of C. gigas, which justifies a great research effort, oysters constitute a study model of the complex physiological and genetic basis (i.e. growth, reproduction, and survival) strongly correlated to the oyster's response to different environmental conditions. One of the considered solutions is the selection of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Huître; Microsatellite; SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism); QTL (Quantitative Trait Locus); Phénotype; Génotype; Cartographie; Marqueurs moléculaires; Sélection Génétique; Génétique.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/these-4544.pdf

Influence of phytoplankton diet mixtures on microalgae consumption, larval development and settlement of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Rico Villa, Benjamin; Le Coz, Jean-rene; Mingant, Christian; Robert, Rene.
Microalgae commonly used as feed for bivalves, Pavlova lutheri (P), Isochrisis affinis galbana (T) and Chaetoceros calcitrans forma pumilum (Cp), were fed to Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas to assess their nutritional value for larval development and metamorphosis during two experiments. Monospecific, bispecific and trispecific diets were firstly evaluated during 3 weeks from D larvae to young postlarvae. Then bispecific diets, based on different T and Cp proportions, were assessed during a similar period. Concurrently, ingestion was studied through the whole larval and postlarval development for each diet and/or diet mixture. Because lipids are assumed to be a key nutrient for bivalves, biochemical analysis was undertaken on the second set of trials...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Lipids; Grazing; Metamorphosis; Growth; Larvae; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-1707.pdf

Mortalités estivales de l'huître creuse (Crassostrea gigas) dans le bassin de Marennes-Oléron (France). Etude de la variabilité spataile des caractéristiques environnementales de croissance et de production par un Système d'Informations Géographiques (GIS)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick; Le Moine, Olivier; Razet, Daniel; Geairon, Philippe; Faury, Nicole; Goulletquer, Philippe; Robert, Stephane.
The Marennes-Oléron Bay is the first cupped oyster production site (35,000 tons/year). For more than 10 years, this species has suffered chronic mortality episodes. A research program has been developed since 1994 in association with the professional sector, in order to try and explain these mortalities.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Production; Croissance; Modélisation; GIS; Système d'Informations Géographique; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres; Mortalités estivales.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1999/acte-3377.pdf

Etude comparée des performances des divers systèmes d'aération en bassins conchylicoles. Premiers essais
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Fouche, Dominique; Boiron, Philippe.
On constate actuellement une profusion d'appareils d'aération en vente sur le marché. En même temps, il apparaît nécessaire pour les professionnels de la conchyliculture de s'équiper convenablement pour éviter l'apparition de mortalités en bassins de finition. Ceci impose donc la mise en place de suivis d'efficacité des différents systèmes utilisés, dans les conditions de travail de la profession en ce qui concerne le stockage des mollusques bivalves. Les premiers résultats permettent de classer quatre systèmes en terme d'efficacité, mais ne permettent pas encore de proposer des rythmes d'utilisation journaliers en toutes saisons. D'autres études en cours répondront à ce problème. Des résultats des mesures effectuées sur l'eau et sur les mollusques, il se...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Aérateurs; Crassostrea gigas; Bassin de finition; Respiration; Filtration.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00423/53401/54273.pdf

Analyse en cytométrie de flux de l'influence de la salinité sur les fonctions hémocytaires de l'huître creuse, Crassostra gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Frouin, Heloise.
L'ostréiculture représente en France une activité économique majeure avec notamment l'élevage de Crassostrea gigas représentant plus de 135 500 tonnes de coquillages produits annuellement. Cependant l'apparition et le développement de maladies infectieuses peuvent freiner le développement de cette activité. Le mode de vie de ces animaux les expose à toutes les modifications physique et chimiques du milieu sans possibilité de fuite. La recherche de la modulation du système immunitaire chez les mollusques bivalves est devenue l'une des voies de recherche privilégiée pour l'évaluation des effets de facteurs environnementaux sur les capacités de défense. Dans cette approche, le travail réalisé a consisté à étudier l'impact de la salinité sur les capacités...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Hémocytes; Salinité; Cytométrie de flux; Activités cellulaires.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00034/14476/11774.pdf

Croissance et qualité de l'huître Crassostrea gigas Thunberg en élevage dans le bassin de Marennes-Oléron
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc.
In 1979-1980, the main growth o oysters Crassostrea gigas, in the basin of Marennes-Oleron occured in June and July. The available amount of food and the energetic requirements for the reproduction are important factors determining growth. Tissue weight decreased after spawning until the end of the winter, and this decrease might be related to the high quantities of inorganic particles, in the seston, at that period of the year.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marennes Oleron; Seston; Growth; Crassostrea gigas; Oysters; Marennes Oléron; Seston minéral; Croissance; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres.
Ano: 1982
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1982/publication-2947.pdf

Comparative study of shell shape and muscle scar pigmentation in the closely related cupped oysters Crassostrea angulata, C. gigas and their reciprocal hybrids
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Batista, Frederico; Ben-hamadou, Radhouan; Fonseca, Vera; Taris, Nicolas; Ruano, Francisco; Reis-henriques, Maria; Boudry, Pierre.
The taxonomic status of the cupped oysters Crassostrea angulata and C. gigas has received considerable attention in the last decades. Based on larval shell morphology, experimental hybridization, allozymes and nuclear DNA studies several authors have considered these two taxa as being synonymous. However, mitochondrial data showed clear genetic differences between the two taxa. In addition, microsatellite-based studies and cytogenetic studies have also provided evidence that supports their differentiation. Considerable differences have also been observed at the phenotypic level in terms of growth rate and ecophysiological parameters. In the present study, C. angulata from Sado estuary (Portugal) and C. gigas from Seudre estuary (France) were collected and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Crassostrea angulata; Hybridization; Shell pigmentation; Shell morphology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/publication-3904.pdf

Etude comparative de la croissance et de l'activité écophysiologique des huîtres creuses Crassostrea gigas, Crassostrea angulata et des hybrides
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Haure, Joel; Huvet, Arnaud; Palvadeau, Hubert; Nourry, Max; Penisson, Christian; Boudry, Pierre; Martin, Jean-louis.
A comparative study of the growth performances in cupped oysters Crassostrea gigas, Crassostrea angulata and their hybrids was conducted from March to October 1999 in a controlled farm with phytoplankton (Skeletonema costatum) input. The individuals, of the same age, were from genitors which had been identified through a marker analysis of the mitochondrial genome (Boudry et al, 1998). As a consequence, two pure offspring were obtained through the crossing of Portuguese oyster C. angulata (AA) genitors and the crossing of Japanese oyster C. gigas (GG) genitors. Two other offsprings were produced through the hybrid crossing of C. gigas female genitors with C. angulata (GA) male genitors on one hand, and C. angulata female genitors with C. gigas (AG) male...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Géniteur; Génétique; Performances croissance; Crassostrea gigas; Crassostrea angulata; Huîtres.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2001/acte-3281.pdf

Non-additive effects of ocean acidification in combination with warming on the larval proteome of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Harney, Ewan; Artigaud, Sebastien; Le Souchu, Pierrick; Miner, Philippe; Corporeau, Charlotte; Essid, Hafida; Pichereau, Vianney; Nunes, Flavia.
Increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide results in ocean acidification and warming, significantly impacting marine invertebrate larvae development. We investigated how ocean acidification in combination with warming affected D-veliger larvae of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Larvae were reared for 40 h under either control (pH 8.1, 20 °C), acidified (pH 7.9, 20 °C), warm (pH 8.1, 22 °C) or warm acidified (pH 7.9, 20 °C) conditions. Larvae in acidified conditions were significantly smaller than in the control, but warm acidified conditions mitigated negative effects on size, and increased calcification. A proteomic approach employing two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) was used to quantify proteins and relate their abundance to phenotypic traits. In...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Ocean acidification; Larval development; ATP synthase; GAPDH; Superoxide dismutase.
Ano: 2016
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00299/40985/40076.pdf

Genetic variability and selective breeding for traits of aquacultural interest in the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) (slides)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Boudry, Pierre; Degremont, Lionel; Taris, Nicolas; Mccombie, Helen; Haffray, Pierrick; Ernande, Bruno.
To date, the most significant genetic improvement for the production of Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) has been obtained through the breeding of triploids, especially since the development of tetraploids. Quantitative genetics studies suggest that significant gains, for disease resistance or for other traits of aquacultural interest, could be obtained in diploids using this approach. However, the limited extent of hatchery-propagation (versus natural recruitment) and/or various technical difficulties and biological characteristics of the species have retarded the development of selective breeding programs. Recently, in the U.S.A., Australia and New Zealand, countries where hatcheries are a major source of C. gigas juveniles, family-based selective...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Microsatellite markers; Selective breeding; Genetic; Genetic variability; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oysters.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/acte-3449.pdf

Mise en évidence d'une activité de type phénoloxydase chez l'huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Tibi, Isabelle.
Cette étude a pour but de mieux comprendre les mécanismes de défense immunitaire de l'huître creuse Crassastrea gigas. Nous chercherons à évaluer, à différents stades du développement de ces invertébrés (embryons, larves, adultes), l'expression d'une activité de type phénoloxydase (PO) susceptible d'être impliqué au cours de la réponse immunitaire chez ces mollusques bivalves marins. Les effets de divers substances susceptibles d'induire le déclenchement du système activateur de la phénoloxydase seront observés chez ces invertébrés marins. Par conséquent, il est indispensable de définir les conditions de réaction permettant une activité phénoloxydase optimum, à partir des conditions permettant par ailleurs une bonne activation de la prophénoloxy
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Matériel biologique; Dosage protéine; Activité enzymatique; Phénoloxydase; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00041/15231/12549.pdf

Genetic bases and variability of physiological traits involved in growth in Crassostrea gigas - Second Progress Report 1st January-31st December 1997 - Contract n° FAIR 95-421 Commission of the European Communities
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gerard, Andre; Boudry, Pierre; Bougrier, Serge; Hawkins, A. J. S.; Thiriot Quievreux, Catherine; Wilkins, N. P.; Zouros, Eleftherios; Bonhomme, Francois; Buestel, Dominique; Samain, Jean-francois.
The UE project "GENEPHYS", initiated by the IFREMER laboratory GAP-La Tremblade (Génétique Aquaculture et Pathologie) and CREMA-L'Houmeau (Centre de Recherche en Ecologie marine et Aquaculture), aims to establish the relationships between physiological traits involved in growth (oxygen consumption, absorption efficiency, scope for growth) and their genetic bases (determinism, variability within and among populations) in cupped oyster Crassostrea gigas. The main objectives are : 1. To express the maximum variability of growth, both at the larval stage and at the adult stage, in a oyster population originating from parents of various origins. 2. To check the persistence over the time, of growth performance and related physiological functions. 3. To explain...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Genetic; Determinism; Variability; Physilogy; Oxygen consumption; Absorption efficiency; Growth; Oysters; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00050/16150/13633.pdf

Variations des productions de biodépôts (feces et pesudofeces) de l'huître Crassostrea gigas dans un estuaire macrotidal : baie de Marennes-Oléron
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Razet, Daniel; Heral, Maurice; Prou, Jean; Legrand, Jacqueline; Sornin, Jean-marc.
The continuous obtention of current (speed and direction) turbidity and phytoplanktonic   fluorescence was achieved for 9 successive days during the month of May 1988. Each two hours, during the day, the faeces and pseudofaeces productions of 7 oysters have been sampled individualy. The filtration rate were calculated in continuous. It appeared that the concentration in particular matter and also the planktonic fluorescence fluctuated in direct relation with the water depth, the origin of the water masses and the speed of the wind. During the tidal cycle the mean filtration rate was constant which induced a food consumption largely variable. The oysters were always above the limit of pseudofaeces production which regulated the ingested quantity. Their...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Faeces; Pseudofaeces; Sort; Crassostrea gigas; Fèces; Psueofèces; Tri; Crassotrea gigas.
Ano: 1990
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1990/publication-3031.pdf

Relationship between pre- and post-metamorphic growth in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Collet, Bertrand; Boudry, Pierre; Thebault, Anne; Heurtebise, Serge; Morand, Berenice; Gerard, Andre.
Twenty male and 20 female parental oysters, originating from four sites located along the French Atlantic coast, were crossed together. The 400 crosses were performed separately and then pooled to give a batch of larvae with a large genetic base. Successive sieving after 17 days at 23°C enabled the separation of the largest larvae from the batch. These larvae (i.e., sieving groups) were left to metamorphose and fix onto flat PVC collectors changed daily. Four groups of larvae representing distinctly different growth rates were successively separated during the attachment and metamorphosis of the whole population. This lasted 12 days, from the 17th day to the 29th after fertilisation. A part of each sieving group was settled separately as replicates on...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Settlement; Metamorphosis; Crassostrea gigas; Growth.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1999/publication-468.pdf

Effect of ploidy on the mortality of Crassostrea gigas spat caused by OsHV-1 in France using unselected and selected OsHV-1 resistant oysters
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Degremont, Lionel; Ledu, Christophe; Maurouard, Elise; Nourry, Max; Benabdelmouna, Abdellah.
The effect of ploidy on the mortality of Crassostrea gigas spat caused by the ostreid herpesvirus (OsHV-1) genotype μVar was investigated at five sites along the Atlantic coast in France in 2011. Sibling diploids and triploids were produced using either unselected or selected OsHV-1-resistant oysters. No significant interactions were found between the factors of environment, genotype and ploidy at the endpoint dates. The mean mortality rates at the sites were 62 and 59% for diploids and triploids, respectively, and the two rates were not significantly different. The mean mortality rates were 33 and 32% for sibling diploids and triploids, respectively, when OsHV-1-resistant parents were used, and 91 and 85%, respectively, when unselected parents were used....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Diploid; Triploid; Mortality; Crassostrea gigas; Ostreid herpesvirus OsHV-1.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00199/31028/29427.pdf

Rapport annuel d'activité 1981 Service des contrôles sanitaires et techniques de La Tremblade
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Coeurdacier, Jean-luc.
Rapport annuel du Service des Contrôles Sanitaires et Techniques de La Tremblade concernant l'année 1981
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Conchyliculture; Contrôle sanitaire; Casier sanitaire; Bactériologie; Pollution; Assainissement; Importation; Exportation; Crassostrea gigas; Marennes Oléron.
Ano: 1981
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00070/18120/15668.pdf

Mass mortalities of oysters (Crassostrea gigas) during spring 1988 in the Bay of Marennes-Oleron, related to environmental conditions
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bodoy, Alain; Garnier, Jacqueline; Razet, Daniel; Geairon, Philippe.
Mass mortalities of oysters were recorded in the South of the Bay of Marennes-Oleron, during spring 1988. The percentages of mortality averaged 50 % and reached up to 90 % in some areas of bottom culture. The losses were estimated to 7 800 tonnes. This paper present the results of the investigations carried out in several fields. Among them, pathological examination revealed that no pathogenic agent or parasitic infestation could be evoked to explain these mortalities. Analyses of pollutants were either negatives, or the concentrations were far below the toxicity levels. Climatological and hydrological observations showed that rainfalls were twice more abundant then the average, for a period of 6 months preceding the mortalities. The salinity was low and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bay of Marennes Oleron; Crassostrea gigas; Oysters; Mortalities.
Ano: 1990
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1990/acte-3030.pdf

Rapid and sensitive detection of ostreid herpesvirus 1 in oyster samples by real-time PCR
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pepin, Jean-francois; Riou, Antoine; Renault, Tristan.
Herpes and herpes-like virus infections have been reported in various marine mollusc species associated with high mortality rates. Following the characterisation and genome sequencing of ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1), specific diagnostic tools have been developed based on conventional PCR techniques or in situ hybridisation. We have now developed a real-time PCR assay for rapid, sensitive and quantitative detection of OsHV-1, and compared it with a conventional PCR technique described previously. The new assay utilised SYBR® Green chemistry with specific primers C9/C10 targeting the C region. The melt curve analysis of OsHV-1 DNA or DNA extracted from infected material showed only one melting temperature peak (75.75 ± 0.1 °C). The assay had a detection...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: SYBR® Green; Real time PCR; Crassostrea gigas; Ostreid herpesvirus 1; Herpesvirus.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/publication-3951.pdf

Functional capacities of gill mitochondria in oyster Crassostrea gigas during an emersion/immersion tidal cycle
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Dudognon, Tony; Soudant, Philippe; Seguineau, Catherine; Quere, Claudie; Auffret, Michel; Kraffe, Edouard.
Sessile animals that live on the foreshore undergo tidal cycles, and have to face variations in physical and chemical parameters such as oxygen concentration. During emersion, availability of dissolved oxygen can be lowered for bivalves, which have only a small reserve of seawater inside their closed shell. Differences in oxygen concentration are thus expected to lead to modifications of the metabolism, including changes in mitochondrial activity. Previous studies investigated air exposure under extreme conditions, which do not always reflect environmental conditions these invertebrates have to cope with. In this study, oxidative capacities of gill mitochondria of the oyster Crassostrea gigas were studied during a tidal cycle period, by comparing oysters...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mitochondria; Oxygen consumption; ATP production; Respiratory chain inhibitor; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00157/26854/24981.pdf

Development of a comet-FISH assay for the detection of DNA damage in hemocytes of Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Perez Garcia, Maria Concepcion; Rouxel, Julien; Akcha, Farida.
In this work, the DNA-damaging effect of hydrogen peroxide on the structural integrity of nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) was studied for the first time by comet-FISH in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Global DNA damage was assessed in hemocytes using an alkaline version of the comet assay. Next, NOR sensitivity was analysed by mapping major rDNA repeat unit by fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) on the same comet slides. Exposure of hemocytes to 100 μM of hydrogen peroxide induced a significant increase in both DNA damage and number of FISH-signals of major ribosomal genes versus the control. Moreover, a significant positive correlation was shown between DNA damage as measured by the comet assay (percentage of DNA in comet tail) and the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Hydrogen peroxide; Comet assay; Comet-FISH; Genotoxicity.
Ano: 2015
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00250/36157/34712.pdf

Additive transcriptomic variation associated with reproductive traits suggest local adaptation in a recently settled population of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Sussarellu, Rossana; Huvet, Arnaud; Lapegue, Sylvie; Quillen, Virgile; Lelong, Christophe; Cornette, Florence; Jensen, Lasse Fast; Bierne, Nicolas; Boudry, Pierre.
Background Originating from Northeast Asia, the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas has been introduced into a large number of countries for aquaculture purpose. Following introduction, the Pacific oyster has turned into an invasive species in an increasing number of coastal areas, notably recently in Northern Europe.  Methods To explore potential adaptation of reproductive traits in populations with different histories, we set up a common garden experiment based on the comparison of progenies from two populations of Pacific oyster sampled in France and Denmark and their hybrids. Sex ratio, condition index and microarray gene expression in gonads, were analyzed in each progeny (n = 60).  Results A female-biased sex-ratio and a higher condition index were...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Adaptation; Invasiveness; Fertility; Sex-ratio; Transcriptome; Microarray.
Ano: 2015
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00287/39829/38343.pdf

Characterization of Cr. gigas oysters mortalities according to the French Ifremer/REMORA monitoring network ; with complements from phytoplankton and meteorogolical data
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Fleury, Pierre-gildas; Mazurie, Joseph; Ropert, Michel; Soletchnik, Patrick; Le Coz, Florence.
The wide range of data from the French Ifremer/REMORA network, collected since 1993 allow a global characterization of mortalities of 1-year old and 2-years old cupped oysters Crassostrea gigas, that are cultivated in the main French oyster areas (Fleury et al, 2003), and thus a better understanding of the causes of these mortalities (Ifremer /MOREST project).  The average annual mortalities on intertidal sites range from 10 to 20%. Most of the mortalities take place in Spring and Summer. 1-year oyster mortalities occur in Marennes and several sites in Brittany whilst 2-years oyster mortalities occur in the same sites and in baie des Veys (Normandy). In addition, 2-years oyster mortalities appear more variable according to different annual surveys....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Meteorolgical factors; Phytoplankton; REMORA; Mortalities; Oysters; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/acte-4547.pdf

Etude des anomalies chromosomiques chez Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lapegue, Sylvie; Mccombie, Helen; Leitao, Alexandra; Bouilly, Karine; Sabatier, Sebastien; Heurtebise, Serge; Boudry, Pierre; Thiriot, Catherine; Gerard, Andre.
Divers travaux menés depuis 1984 montrent qu'il existe, chez l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas, des cellules montrant un nombre anormal de chromosomes (2n = 19, 18 ou même 17 au lieu de 2n = 20). Le niveau d'aneuploïdie est déterminé par le décompte des chromosomes à partir de suspensions cellulaires de tissu branchial. Le pourcentage de cellules aneuploïdes est toujours significativement supérieur dans les "lots de queue", c'est-à-dire les huîtres présentant des croissances plus faibles, et peut atteindre plus de 30 %. Récemment, une étude réalisée au sein du programme européen « Genephys » a démontré que plus de 50 % de la variance pour la vitesse de croissance était liée au taux d'aneuploïdie. Cependant, de nombreux points concernant ce phénomène...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Chromosomes; Anomalies; Aneuploïdie; Atrazine; Huîtres creuses; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00199/31013/29417.pdf

Etude de l'herpès virus de l'huître - Fonds d'Aide à la Recherche et à l'Innovation - Décision d'Aide à la Recherche n° 95-07-01 - Rapport Final Août 1998
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Renault, Tristan.
Depuis 1991, des mortalités massives sporadiques sont rapportées, en France, de manière régulière chez des larves et des juvéniles de différentes espèces de mollusques bivalves marins. Certains de ces épisodes de mortalité ont pu être associés à la détection de virus. Ces derniers par leur morphologie, leur cycle de réplication et leur localisation ont été apparentés à la famille des Herpesviridae. Cependant, les outils de diagnostic disponibles jusqu'alors (histologie et microscopie électronique à transmission) n'étaient pas adaptés à l'étude de ces virus du fait de leur manque de spécificité et de la lourdeur de leur mise en œuvre. Par ailleurs, se posait la question de l'implication des virus détectés dans les phénomènes de mortalité observés. En effet,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Virus; Pathologie; Herpès virus; Crassostrea gigas; Pathogène; Herpesviridae.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00043/15451/12826.pdf

Utilisation d'eaux salées souterraines en baie de Bourgneuf, pour le prégrossissement intensif de mollusques filtreurs en nourricerie
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Baud, Jean-pierre.
L'utilisation d'une eau salée souterraine riche en sels nutritifs et de température constante a permis d'étudier l'influence des paramètres physicochimiques essentiels sur la croissance intensive de naissains de Crassostrea gigas et de Ruditapes philippinarum en nourricerie durant les périodes hivernales et estivales. Après la mise au point d'un procédé fiable de culture d'une algue fourrage, la variabilité saisonnière des composés biochimiques de la diatomée Skeletonema costatum produite en grands volumes extérieurs (50 m3) est étudiée. Les conditions d'élevage lors des différentes expériences sont contrôlées (densité de naissain, débit d'eau de mer, concentration de phytoplancton et température). Les différents résultats biologiques obtenus sont analysés...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ruditapes philippinarum; Crassostrea gigas; Prégrossissement intensif; Nourricerie; Eau salée souterraine; Baie de Bourgneuf; Relations trophiques.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00441/55217/56691.pdf

Diversité génétique chez les huîtres creuses du genre Crassostrea : quelles ressources pour quelle amélioration des productions de C; gigas?
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Boudry, Pierre.
Despite the economic importance of oyster farming, knowledge about genetic resources of these species is still limited. The objectives of my research were to provide further information about (1) taxomomy, phylogeny and phylogeography of Crassostrea oysters, (2) to compare C. gigas and C. angulata strains of various geographic origins and (3) to study phenotypic and genetic variation for traits of aquacultural interest in C. gigas. Studies based on DNA polymorphism and chromosomes allowed to improve or correct identification, geographic range and phylogeographic relationships among several species. The comparison of various strains of C. gigas and C. angulata, both in laboratory and field conditions, revealed significant differences among taxa and the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea  gigas; Cupped oysters; Genetic improvement by selection; Variability; Strains testing; Phylogeny; Genetic resources; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres creuses; Amélioration par la sélection; Variabilité; Testage de souches; Phylogénie; Ressources génétiques.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/these-3354.pdf

Temporal variation of delta C-13 in particulate organic matter and oyster Crassostrea gigas in Marennes-Oleron Bay (France): Effect of freshwater inflow
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Riera, P; Richard, P.
The temporal variability of delta(13)C in suspended particulate organic matter (POM) and oyster Crassostrea gigas along a salinity gradient was investigated from May 1992 to September 1993 within the estuarine bay of Marennes-Oleron (France). During this period the mean daily discharge of the Charente River exhibited large seasonal variation, with a high discharge from November 1992 to January 1993. Contrary to that at the river mouth and the marine littoral, delta(13)C in POM and in oysters at mid-estuary was affected by the high flood period. The delta(13)C values of POM decreased in mid-estuary and remained at low levels during the high discharge period, indicating an increasing contribution of terrestrial inputs to the estuarine POM pool. At the same...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Temporal variation; Carbon isotope ratio; Crassostrea gigas; Particulate organic matter; Freshwater inflow.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00336/44748/44762.pdf

Study of the reproductive potential of triploid oysters
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Normand, Julien; Boudry, Pierre; Cornette, Florence; Ledu, Christophe.
Reproduction was studied in triploid Crassostrea gigas, by crossing gametes from diploid and triploid parents.Triploids are able to produce viable gametes and their resulting progeny consisted in diploids, aneuploids and polyploids. Gametes from triploid parents frequently led to abnormal polar body formation, even before caryogamy occurred. A high frequency of aneuploids was observed, related to the missegregation of chromosomes during meiosis in triploids. This might be due to the observed incomplete synapsis in triploid eggs during Prophase I. The proportion of aneuploids decreased during larval development, reflecting differential mortality between ploidy levels. Due to limited gonadic development and high larval mortality rates, the reproductive...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Triploid; Genetic; Oysters; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/acte-3319.pdf

Application des techniques moléculaires de PCR-RFLP et de PCR-RFLP-SSCP dans l'étude de la différenciation génétique de deux huîtres creuses : Crassostrea gigas et Crassostrea angula
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Dufourg, Cecile.
Les 2 taxons d'huîtres creuses C. angulata et C. gigas n'étant pas différenciables sur des critères morphologiques, écologiques ou physiologiques, l'étude de leur passé évolutif fait appel à l'utilisation de marqueurs génétiques. L'étude du polymprohisme des séquences mitochondriales codant pour la sous-unité I de la cytochrome oxydase par la technique de PCR-RFLP a été réalisée sur 197 individus appartenant à 5 populations d'origine géographique différente, de type Crassostrea angulata ou Crassostrea gigas. Elle a permis la construction d'un arbre représentant les relations phylogénétiques entre ces populations. Cet arbre a été comparé à celui établi à partir de l'analyse de 3 marqueurs microsatellites. Les résultats de ces 2 analyses sont similaires et...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huître creuse; Crassostrea angulata; Crassostrea gigas; Génétique; Polymorphisme; ADN; SSCP; Biologie moléculaire.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00033/14415/11709.pdf

Reproduction de l'huître creuse dans le bassin d'Arcachon, Année 2006
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Auby, Isabelle; Maurer, Daniele; Cassam Chenai, Yoann; Tournaire, Marie-pierre; Neaud-masson, Nadine; Rumebe, Myriam; Cantin, Christian; Debort, Henriette; Germain, Jean-marie; Navarro, Romuald.
Introduction: During each summer season, the IFREMER laboratory of Arcachon monitors, within the framework of the agreement with the Arcachon- Aquitaine Shellfish Farming Regional Section (SRC), the reproduction of cup oysters in the Arcachon basin.  This monitoring has as its goal to furnish oyster farmers with the information needed to implement spat catches: - dates and size of egg clutches, - larvae development rate, - presence in the environment of more evolved stages (close to fixation).  Reproduction was monitored between mid-June and mid-September, plankton was fished four times per week at the various sites representative of the basin. Oyster larvae at various stages are enumerated there.  At the end of the reproductive season (September to...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Larvae collection; Spat oyster; Larvae development; Reproduction; Arcachon Bassin; Ostreidae; Crassostrea Gigas; Bivalvia; Mollusca; Aquaculture; Naissain; Captage Larve; Developpement Larvaire; Maturation; Reproduction.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/rapport-2216.pdf

Etude du virus de type herpes observé chez les huîtres
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Deuff, Rose-marie; Lipart, Cecile; Chollet, Bruno; Haffner, Philippe; Delsert, Claude; Cochennec, Nathalie; Renault, Tristan.
Since 1991, sporadic, but high mortality in larvae of the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) has been observed during the summer in various French hatcheries. This mortality was concomitant with the detection of a virus by transmission electron microscopy. This virus, by virtue of its morphological characteristics and developmental cycle, seems to belong to the Herpesviridae family. The pathogenicity of this viral agent has been demonstrated in the laboratory by experimentally induced mortality on healthy larvae. Moreover, concomitant mortality has been reported in larvae of Crassostrea gigas and Ostrea edulis reared in the same tanks, with detection of a herpes-type virus.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Virus; Herpeviridae; Pathologie; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1997/acte-3248.pdf

Compte rendu sur la reproduction des huîtres et des moules dans le bassin de Marennes Oléron pour l'année 1987
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Heurtebise, Serge; Ratiskol, Jacqueline.
Comme précédemment en 1985 et 1986, le suivi de la reproduction des huîtres et des moules a été assuré par le CSRU de La Tremblade pour les secteurs clefs de la production du naissain que sont l'embouchure de la Charente, la Seudre et le bassin de Marennes-Oléron. Ce suivi a nécessité 40 sorties en mer, dont 21 à partir du Chapus ou de La Tremblade (moyens nautiques IFREMER) et 19 au départ de Port des Barques avec la location des services d'un professionnel. Les différents paramètres physico-chimiques (T°, S %, 02) ont été mesurés à l'occasion de chaque pêche de larves pour appréhender au mieux l'évolution de la reproduction et fournir des indications complémentaires sur les bulletins de numération. Cette année, 30 bulletins sont parvenus à la profession...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Reproduction; Larves; Crassostrea gigas; Mytilus edulis; Bassin de Marennes Oléron.
Ano: 1987
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00049/16071/13533.pdf

Suivi de la reproduction de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas dans la partie nord du Bassin Charentais (Sous-Section Ostréicole Nord-Charente - Sous-Section Ostréicole Vendée-Atlantique). Année 1996
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Fillon, Alain; Arnaud, Christophe; Thomas, Gerard.
Le littoral charentais-maritime présente, dans sa partie nord entre l'estuaire de la Charente et la limite nord du département (île de Ré comprise), plusieurs sites intéressant l'ostréiculture pour le captage de juvéniles, dont le centre réputé de Fouras.  Pour aider la profession, et selon son souhait, une assistance est fournie par I'IFREMER qui recherche les périodes d'émission de larves d'huîtres creuses afin d'informer les ostréiculteurs des époques les plus propices au captage.  En 1996, ce travail a fait partie des actions contractualisées entre la SRC RE-CENTRE-OUEST et I'IFREMER (action confiée au laboratoire côtier DEL de La Rochelle).  Le présent rapport expose les différents aspects de ce travail et notamment rassemble et synthétise les...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Reproduction; Pêche larves; Huîtres creuses; Crassostrea gigas; Charente.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00139/25007/23111.pdf

Assessments of natural mortality of cultivated oysters (Crassostrea gigas) in the bay of Marennes-Oleron (France)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bodoy, Alain.
The natural mortality of oysters could by considered, in a man controlled ecosystem, as the result of the action of biological factors, and human factors other then the harvest of the population. Such mortalities need to be estimated in order to be used in population dynamics, as a tool for management purposes. ln Marennes-Oleron bay, different ways of estimating the natural mortality are available. Several oyster farms were monitored for assessing growth, mortality and production in rearing conditions. Furthermore, an experimental framework which includes 15 stations gave an appraisal of the same factors under controlled conditions. Finally, another estimate will be soon available by comparin9 the number of recruited oysters, and the number of oyster...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marennes Oleron; Mortality; Crassostrea gigas; Oysters.
Ano: 1986
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1986/acte-2962.pdf

Summer mortality of hatchery-produced Pacific oyster spat (Crassostrea gigas). II. Response to selection for survival and its influence on growth and yield
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Degremont, Lionel; Bedier, Edouard; Boudry, Pierre.
Response to divergent selection for "high" and "low" survival during the summer period, from July to October, was investigated in juvenile (six-month-old) Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas, by producing two sets of progenies in 2002 (Generation 2) and three sets of progenies in 2003 (Generation 3). A strict between-family approach was used and resistance of these selected progenies to summer mortality was assessed in three sites along French coasts, to determine their response to selection and estimate realized heritability of the trait. A significant difference in survival was observed between the "high" and "low" selected groups at all sites for all sets of progenies, indicating a significant genetic component. High realized heritabilities for survival...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Heritability; Juveniles; Summer mortality; Survival; Growth.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/publication-6950.pdf

A complementary method for production of tetraploid Crassostrea gigas using crosses between diploids and tetraploids with cytochalasin B treatments
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Mccombie, Helen; Ledu, Christophe; Phelipot, Pascal; Lapegue, Sylvie; Boudry, Pierre; Gerard, Andre.
We present a new method to produce tetraploid Crassostrea gigas by cytochalasin B inhibition of polar body 2 expulsion in diploid females crossed with tetraploid males. This offers a means of direct introgression of genetic characters from selected diploid to tetraploid lines, avoiding a triploid step. Offspring larval ploidy shifted over time and depended on size, with tetraploids more frequent among the smaller larvae and triploids among the large. Viable tetraploids were found at 4 and 6 months, indicating the technique was successful. The possibility that gynogenesis occurred was tested by microsatellite analysis to confirm the presence of paternally inherited alleles. These were present in all animals of the 2n x 4n + CB (female first) cross. However,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Oyster breeding; Gynogenesis; Polar body; Cytochalasin B; Polyploidy; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/publication-632.pdf

Mortalité de l'huître creuse C. gigas dans le Bassin de Marennes-Oléron. Résultats obtenus sur le site atelier de Ronce-Perquis en 1997-1998
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick; Le Moine, Olivier; Faury, Nicole; Razet, Daniel; Geairon, Philippe; Robert, Stephane; Goulletquer, Philippe.
The cupped oyster, Crassostrea gigas was first introduced in France in 1967 [13]. On the Atlantic coast, the Marennes Oléron Bay (Figure 1) is the first European oyster culture basin with a cupped oyster (Crassostrea gigas) stock of 110,000 tons and an annual output of 30,000 to 40,000 tons. The Ronce oyster bank, located at the south of the bay (Figure 1), is made of 1,600 concessions spread out over 175 ha. It produces 8,000 to 10,000 tons of cupped oysters each year. In Japan, Crassostrea gigas has been cultivated for more than 1,000 years (Farley, 1992). Since the beginning of the 1960's, oyster mortality has multiplied throughout the world (Imaï et al., 1965; Sinderman, 1976; Mackin, 1961; Beattie et al, 1980). In the 60's and 70's, Japan and the west...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Physiologie; Pontes; Maturation; Croissance; Marennes Oléron; Huîtres; Mortalités.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1998/rapport-3380.pdf

Etude des mouvements calciques dans les hémocytes de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas lors de leur immunostimulation : 1ères approches expérimentales
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Aton, Emilie; Cognard, C.; Renault, Tristan; Thomas-guyon, Hélène; Imbert, N.
Bivalve mollusc farms are continuously exposed to variations of factors either natural (variation of salinity and temperature) or from man (heavy metals, HAP, phytosanitary) likely to alter the defence systems of bivalve molluscs. These alterations would explain, in certain cases, their sensitivity vis-à-vis certain marine pathogens and could in part be at the source of the episodes of massive mortalities seen periodically in oyster and mussel larval populations. That is why many studies concerning the contaminants' immunotoxicity are currently in progress.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Polluant; Calicum; Hemocytes; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/acte-2855.pdf

Note de synthèse des résultats obtenus concernant l'étude du virus de type herpès et la mise au point de méthodes de diagnostic de l'infection - Avril-Mai 1996
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Renault, Tristan; Lipart, Cecile; Le Deuff, Rose-marie; Chollet, Bruno; Haffner, Philippe.
Cette note de synthèse des travaux réalisés au laboratoire de Génétique, Aquaculture et Pathologie de la station IFREMER de La Tremblade dans le cadre de l'étude du virus de type herpès et de la mise au point de méthodes de diagnostic fait suite à la précédente note du 16 avril 1996. Les résultats obtenus concernant les analyses protocolaires et hors protocoles, ainsi que les résultats expérimentaux déjà disponibles sont donnés et commentés en sept points. 1- Analyses Pays de Loire 2 - Bilan des analyses réalisées dans le cadre du protocole IFREMER BOUIN/IFREMER ARGENTON/SODABO 3 - Bilan global des analyses Pays de Loire et Bouin-Argenton-SODABO 4 - Analyses effectuées en PCR pour la recherche de virus de type herpès sur des lots prélevés en 1996, dans le...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Pathologie; Virus; Herpès virus; Diagnostic; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00044/15499/12867.pdf

Response to unintentional selection for faster development associated with inbreeding depression in Crassostrea gigas larvae, resulting from a broodstock selective breeding plan
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Taris, Nicolas; Batista, Frederico; Marissal, Eric; Boudry, Pierre.
Direct and indirect consequences of selective breeding in marine bivalves still remain largely unexplored. For species with two-phase life cycle, like the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas), most studies have focused on juvenile and adult stages, but relatively few have focused on juvenile and adult stages, but relatively few have considered the larval stage, especially in a domestication context. We assessed the impact of hatchery practices on larval traits, notably on larval growth (due to the culling of slow growing larvae), by the study of larval progenies. Larvae originating from crosses using parental oysters both from natural beds and from hatchery broodstock which had been selected for adult growth and shell shape for seven generations. A set of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Inbreeding depresion; Larvae stage; Genetic variability; Hatchery; Domestication; Genetic; Crassostrea gigas; Oyster.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/acte-3337.pdf

Molecular Characterization of Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels and Their Relations with Paralytic Shellfish Toxin Bioaccumulation in the Pacific Oyster Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Boullot, Floriane; Castrec, Justine; Bidault, Adeline; Dantas, Natanael; Payton, Laura; Perrigault, Mickael; Tran, Damien; Amzil, Zouher; Boudry, Pierre; Soudant, Philippe; Hegaret, Helene; Fabioux, Caroline.
Paralytic shellfish toxins (PST) bind to voltage-gated sodium channels (Nav) and block conduction of action potential in excitable cells. This study aimed to (i) characterize Nav sequences in Crassostrea gigas and (ii) investigate a putative relation between Nav and PST-bioaccumulation in oysters. The phylogenetic analysis highlighted two types of Nav in C. gigas: a Nav1 (CgNav1) and a Nav2 (CgNav2) with sequence properties of sodium-selective and sodium/calcium-selective channels, respectively. Three alternative splice transcripts of CgNav1 named A, B and C, were characterized. The expression of CgNav1, analyzed by in situ hybridization, is specific to nervous cells and to structures corresponding to neuromuscular junctions. Real-time PCR analyses showed...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Sodium channel; Alternative splicing; Alexandrium minutum; Paralytic shellfish toxins.
Ano: 2017
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00368/47877/47892.pdf

Bilan de l'état zoosanitaire des mollusques en Méditerranée française : 1988-2001
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pichot, Yves.
The fact that molluscs from the Mediterranean have benefited from a privileged zoosanitary condition compared to those of the other French coasts has for a long time limited the control of farms and natural fields in this area. It is only in the early 70's, because of the pathological problems and risks observed in other areas that Mediterranean molluscs started to be stictly under zoosanitory control. This control was however limited until the early 90's. With the implementation of the European directives 91/67 and 95/70 for the protection of molluscs against diseases and their propagation, with the creation in 1992 of REPAMO- IFREMER (with a watch unit in the Mediterranean), the control of molluscs in the Mediterranean has considerably improved. Since...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Méditerranée; Zoosanitaire; Mortalité; Huître plate; Ostrea edulis; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Moule; Mytilus galloprovincialis; Palourde; Tapes decussatus; Telline; Donas trunculus; Mediterranean; Zoosanitary; Mortality; Flat oyster; Ostrea edulis; Pacific cupped oyster; Crassostrea gigas; Mussel; Mytilus galloprovincialis; Clam; Tapes decussatus; Coquina clam; Donax trunculus.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00145/25579/23717.pdf

Spatial distribution in a temperate coastal ecosystem of the wild stock of the farmed oyster Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Cognie, B; Haure, Joel; Barille, L.
The Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, well known throughout the world because of its ability to adapt to a wide range of environmental conditions, was introduced for cultivation into France on a massive scale in the 1970s. With global warming, the reproductive population, confined at the beginning to the south of the French Atlantic coast, became established at more northern latitudes (above 45 degrees 58'N), and wild C gigas began to colonize coastal areas such as our study site, Bourgneuf Bay (1 degrees-2 degrees W, 46 degrees-47 degrees N), an oyster-farming site. An original approach, based on orthophotograph analysis and in situ biomass sampling, revealed that, in the northern part of this bay, more than 70% of the total C gigas biomass was composed...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Orthophotographs; Invasion; Wild stock; Introduced species; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-1878.pdf

Evidence for natural hybrtidisation between the two oyster sub-species Crassostrea gigas and Crassostrea angulata in Southern Europe
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Boudry, Pierre; Huvet, Arnaud; Fabioux, Caroline; Lapegue, Sylvie.
Crassostrea angulata and Crassostrea gigas, two cupped oyster taxa of Asian origin (O'Foighil et al, 1998), were successively introduced into Europe  during the XVIth  and the XXth century respectively (Héral and Grizel, 1991). To date, populations presumed to be C. angulata remain only in the south of Spain and Portugal, while the geographic range of C. gigas is expending, notably due to aquaculture. The two taxa can be distinguished by RFLP analysis of the mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxydase I locus (COI).  This marker revealed strong genetic differentiation between Asian populations of the two taxa (Boudry et al., 1998). In contrast, nuclear markers showed a much lower genetic differentiation (Huvet et al, in press). The absence of any reproductive barrier...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Microsatellite; Genetic; Crassostrea angulata; Crassostrea gigas; Oysters.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2001/acte-3453.pdf

Synthesis of the “PLAN DE SAUVEGARDE” using selected all-triploid oysters to reduce the shortage of spat in France due to OsHV-1–associated mortality in Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Dégremont, Lionel; Maurouard, Elise; Ledu, Christophe; Benabdelmouna, Abdellah.
Due to massive mortality of Crassostrea gigas spat in France since 2008, a “plan de sauvegarde” was set up from 2011 to 2014 (hereafter referred to as PS1 to PS4), in order to reduce the shortage of spat. This plan involved the participation of commercial hatcheries, the French Research Institute for Exploitation of the Sea (Ifremer), and the Direction des Pêches Maritimes et de l'Aquaculture (DPMA) of the French Ministry of Agriculture. It was based on selecting diploid lines of C. gigas for their higher resistance to the oyster herpesvirus OsHV-1 (2nR group), and one of these lines was subsequently tetraploidized (4nR group). Both the 2nR and 4nR groups were produced by Ifremer, and then transferred to commercial hatcheries that produced the selected...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Triploids; Mortality; Crassostrea gigas; OsHV-1; Disease resistance.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00484/59596/62598.pdf

Estimation de la biomasse d'huîtres Crassostrea gigas en élevage dans le bassin d'Arcachon. Etés 1986 et 1987
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Maurer, Daniele; Parache, Alain; Dreno, Jean-paul.
Afin d ' améliorer la précision des résultats et depuis 1986, quelques modifications ont été apportées à la stratégie d'échantillonnage qui avait été adoptée en 1985 : - prise en compte de la structure en âge de l a population, en différenciant les huîtres âgées de 1 an de celles d'âge supérieur, - traitement séparé des poches et des collecteurs pour l'élevage en sur élevé . Au cours des trois années , le stock d'huîtres en élevage est resté relativement stable : 1985 37 996 t ± 1 970 t précision 5,1% 1986 37 835 t ± 4 196 t précision 11,1% 1987 39 079 t i 3 350 t précision 8,6% avec environ 80% représenté par la culture à plat. Cependant, il est apparu que les différentes variables estimées et leur précision variaient d'une année à l 'autre en liaison...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Biomasse; Bassin d'Arcachon.
Ano: 1988
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00430/54141/55471.pdf

Recherche et identification de bactéries pathogènes au sein d'une écloserie nurserie d'huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas, en relation avec la mortalité estivale du naissain
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Waechter, Magali.
Summer mortality has been observed on oyster spat Crassostrea gigas since 1991 on french coasts. In our study, we deseribed symptoms observed during the mortality, especially adductor muscle weakness and we isolated strains on Zobell medium and TCBS from moribund spat. Strains isolated during a high mortality (60 %) were selected by experimental pathology on spat. Inoculation by bath led us to select a pathogenic strain (TNEMF6) for oyster spat. Phenotypic identification, phylogenetic study on 16S rDNA and quantitative DNA/DNA hybridisation showed that this strain belongs to Vibrio splendidus biovar II. Phenotyping and ribotyping with strains isolated during the study showed that only TNNIII7 and TNMB5 are similar to the pathogenic strain TNEMF6....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mortalité estivale; Naissain; Crassostrea gigas; Ecloserie; Nursery; France; Bactériologie; Bactérie; Vibrio; Vibrio splendidus biovar II; Summer mortality; Oyster spat; Crassostrea gigas; Hatchery; Nursery; France; Bacteriology; Bacteria; Vibrio; Vibrio splendidus biovar II.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00211/32226/30682.pdf

Études écophysiologiques sur Dinophysis et sa chaîne alimentaire, et effets in vitro du dinoflagellé et de ses toxines sur les premiers stades de vie de deux modèles d'animaux marins (l’huître et le poisson)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gaillard, Sylvain.
Harmful algal blooms of Dinophysis are responsible for diarrheic shellfish poisoning in human consumers of contaminated mollusks after bioaccumulation of their toxins. Dinophysis is a mixotrophic organism, which sequesters chloroplasts from a unique prey Mesodinium rubrum to perform its own photosynthesis, itself mixotrophic and feeds a cryptophyte, Teleaulax amphioxeia. The relationship between these three organisms is fundamental to understand the distribution and bloom dynamics of Dinophysis. In a first study, the effects of temperature, irradiance and pH on physiological aspects of T. amphioxeia were determined using a full factorial design before assessing the effect of contrasting physiological states after acclimation to two light intensities of T....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Changement global; Crassostrea gigas; Cyprinodon variegatus; Dinophysis; Efflorescences; Mesodinium; Pecténotoxines; Teleaulax; Toxines diarrhéiques; Crassostrea gigas; Cyprinodon variegatus; Diarrheic toxins; Dinophysis; Global change; Harmful algal blooms; Mesodinium; Pectenotoxins; Teleaulax.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00666/77807/79981.pdf

Avancées récentes sur la reproduction des huîtres
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gerard, Andre.
Historically, the research on mollusc reproduction conducted by the Ifremer aimed at improving mass production in order to support new activities (Japanese clam for example) or to compensate for insufficient natural reproductions (abalone, king scallop). Nowadays, priority has been given to the preservation of natural resources and the optimisation of shellfish culture in order to support activities that are strongly represented by a profession, especially oyster culture. The studies that have been carried out in the field of oyster genetics for about ten years highlighted the limits of our knowledge on reproduction control as well as the high sensitivity of mollusc farms to the multiple assaults of their outside environment. As far as professional...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Reproducteur; Sélection génétique; Huître; Reproduction.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1998/publication-6535.pdf

Alimentation expérimentale de l'huître Crassostrea gigas à l'aide de navicules bleus Haslea ostrearia (Simonsen) de différentes tailles
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Barille, Laurent; Bougrier, Serge; Geairon, Philippe; Robert, Jean-michel.
The influence on the feeding physiology (clearance, filtration, ingestion, absorption) of the Japanese oyster Crassostrea gigas of low concentrations of suspended particulate matter (SPM ranging from 2 to 20 mg.l-l) and high food quality (mean organic fraction =54 %) was studied in the laboratory. Experimental diets were made up with three strains of the "blue diatom" Haslea ostrearia, which is responsible of the greening of oyster-ponds. The strains were characterized by different sizes (48, 65 and 98 µm respectively) but possessed the same density and biochemical composition. Clearance rate was found constant at 2.2 1.h(-l).g-l dry weight and therefore was not influenced by increasing seston load. Pseudofaeces production was observed for SPM...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Taille des particules; Qualité alimentaire; Haslea ostrearia; Crassostrea gigas; Alimentation; Particle size; Food quality; Haslea ostrearia; Crassostrea gigas; Feeding.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1994/publication-3070.pdf

Physiologie de la maturation et de la ponte chez l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas - Résultats d'expériences conduites en 1996
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick; Faury, Nicole; Razet, Daniel; Geairon, Philippe; Goulletquer, Philippe.
L'objectif des expérimentations 1996 a consisté à comparer en "instantané" le potentiel de croissance de C. gigas à différents stades de maturité sexuelle, selon une méthodologie ayant déjà fait ses preuves en laboratoire. En accord avec les résultats de 1995, on retrouve une fragilité de C. gigas autour de la période de ponte. En 1996, les principales fonctions physiologiques (respiration, filtration et absorption) sont étudiées sur deux cohortes et pour 4 stades de maturité sexuelle. La "fragilité physiologique" des huîtres porte sur le stade de maturation avancée pour la cohorte 1993 et sur le stade de post-ponte pour la cohorte 1994. La méthodologie de conditionnement a été confirmée par ces expérimentations. Cependant on doit à nouveau noter les...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Mortalité; Ecophysiologie; Modèle; Marennes Oléron.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00072/18362/15934.pdf

Suivi de la reproduction de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas et de la moule Mytilus edulis dans le bassin de Marennes Oléron
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Arnaud, Christophe; Faury, Nicole; Bouquet, Jean-paul; Guesdon, Stephane; Kantin, Roger.
The monitoring of the reproduction of Crassostrea gigas, and more occasionally that of the mussel Mytilus edulis, is carried out in the Marennes-Oléron Basin, each year, from June through to September. This report presents the main results obtained in 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000 and compares them. It also recalls the techniques used and provides, in appendix, some bibliographic information on larval development.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marennes Oléron; Captage; Larves; Reproduction; Mytilus edulis; Moules; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2000/rapport-6569.PDF

Responses of diploid and triploid Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas to Vibrio infection in relation to their reproductive status
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: De Decker, Sophie; Normand, Julien; Saulnier, Denis; Pernet, Fabrice; Castagnet, Sophie; Boudry, Pierre.
Several Vibrio species are known to be pathogenic to the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Survival varies according to pathogen exposure and high mortality events usually occur in summer during gametogenesis. In order to study the effects of gametogenetic status and ploidy (a factor known to affect reproduction allocation in oysters) on vibriosis survival, we conducted two successive experiments. Our results demonstrate that a common bath challenge with pathogenic Vibrio splendidus and Vibrio aestuarianus on a mixture of mature, spawning and non-mature oysters can lead to significant mortality. Previous bath challenges, which were done using only non-mature oysters, had not produced mortality. Immunohisto-chemical analyses showed the affinity of Vibrio...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Experimental vibriosis; Crassostrea gigas; Vibrio; Survival distribution function; Triploidy; Reproductive effort.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00030/14108/11368.pdf

Infection à virus de type Herpes chez les bivalves : transmission expérimentale et induction de l'infection
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Arzul, Isabelle.
Depuis 1991, d'importantes mortalités sont observées chez des lots de larves et de naissain d'huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas, mais également sur des lots de larves d'autres espèces de bivalve telles que, l'huître plate, Ostrea edulis, les palourdes, Ruditapes decussatus et Ruditapes philippinarum. Ces épizooties se produisent plus généralement à fortes températures en écloserie-nurserie et en période estivale dans le milieu naturel.  Les techniques de détection utilisées jusqu'alors pour rechercher ces infections virales, histologie et microscopie électronique à transmission, paraissent assez inadaptées, tant du fait de leur sensibilité, du temps qu'elles nécessitent et de leur coût. Aussi, le laboratoire IFREMER de Ronce les Bains (Charente-Maritime) a...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mollusques; Bivalves; Crassostrea gigas; Huître japonaise; Pathologie; Herpèsvirus; Infection; Expérimentation.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00108/21957/19551.pdf

Modélisation de l'écosystème du bassin de Marennes-Oléron (rapport 1992)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Raillard, Olivier; Soletchnik, Patrick; Heral, Maurice; Prou, Jean; Bougrier, Serge; Razet, Daniel; Geairon, Philippe; Barille, Laurent; Guezennec, Loïc.
Les expérimentations on continu sur le site du Chapus au centre du bassin de Marennes-Oléron pendant le mois de mai 1991 et d'octobre 1991 ont permis de préciser la filtration des huîtres en fonction de la variabilité de la charge particulaire. Ces nouveaux résultats permettent d'affiner les modèles de croissance des huîtres. Un nouveau modèle de croissance phytoplanctonique permet de démontrer la sensibilité du bassin de Marennes-Oléron aux apports de nitrates provenant de la Charente, et leur impact sur la croissance des huîtres. L'étude des caractéristiques mécaniques des vases et des biodépôts ainsi que l'étude de l'agitation (houle et clapots, permet de modifier et de préciser les formulations d'un nouveau modèle de transport particulaire représentant...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Séries en continu; Filtration; Crassostrea gigas; Modèle phytoplanctonique; Sédiment; Modèle de transport particulaire; Bassin de Marennes Oléron.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00048/15907/13335.pdf

Etude des anomalies chromosomiques chez Crassostrea gigas. Contrat Région Poitou-Charentes 2000-2006. Convention 99
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lapegue, Sylvie; Mccombie, Helen; Leitao, Alexandra; Heurtebise, Serge; Boudry, Pierre; Thiriot Quievreux, Catherine; Gerard, Andre.
Divers travaux menés depuis 1984 montrent qu’il existe, chez l’huître creuse Crassostrea gigas, des cellules montrant un nombre anormal de chromosomes (2n = 19, 18 ou même 17 au lieu de 2n = 20). Le niveau d’aneuploïdie est déterminé par le décompte des chromosomes à partir de suspensions cellulaires de tissu branchial. Le pourcentage de cellules aneuploïdes est toujours significativement supérieur dans les "lots de queue", c'est-à-dire les huîtres présentant des croissances plus faibles, et peut atteindre plus de 30 %. Récemment, une étude réalisée au sein du programme européen « Genephys » a démontré que plus de 50 % de la variance pour la vitesse de croissance était liée au taux d’aneuploïdie. Cependant, de nombreux points concernant ce phénomène...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Chromosomes; Aneuploïdie; Huîtres creuses; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00043/15473/12852.pdf

L'amélioration de la qualité des huîtres à échelle professionnelle: intégration de l'eau salée souterraine traitée comme milieu d'élevage
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Haure, Joel; Durin, Olivier; Palvadeau, Hubert; Papin, Mathias; Nourry, Max; Penisson, Christian; Martin, Jean-louis.
Les travaux menés au LCPL depuis plusieurs année sur l'engraissement contrôlé de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas ont permis, à l'échelle expérimentale de définir les différents paramètres d'élevage: Température: 14°C ration alimentaire: 2.109 cell/ind/j de la diatomée Skeletonema costatum indice AFNOR initial sans incidence débit d'eau: 3 lIind/h eau de mer ou eau salée souterraine Dans ces conditions et après 30 jours d'engraissement, le poids total des huîtres a progressé de 10%, le poids sec de 230%, l'indice AFNOR de 80% et la concentration en glycogène de 450%. Le travail réalisé ici a pour but de transposer de l'échelle expérimentale à une échelle significative pour les professionnels, la technique d'engraissement contrôlé en utilisant l'eau salée...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Affinage; Qualité; Elevage contrôlé.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00345/45648/45279.pdf

Effects of age and environment on survival of summer mortality by two selected groups of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Degremont, Lionel; Boudry, Pierre; Ropert, Michel; Samain, Jean-francois; Bedier, Edouard; Soletchnik, Patrick.
This study investigated the effects of age (first or second summer of life) and environment (three study sites on French coasts) on summer mortality in Crassostrea gigas, using three generations of oysters produced during the Morest project. For each generation, two groups of oysters, selected either as 'resistant' (R) or 'susceptible' (S) to summer mortality at the age of 6 months in Rivière d'Auray (RA, South Brittany), were evaluated. In Ronce (Marennes-Oléron Bay) and RA, R oysters had low mortality during their first and second summers, while mortality was higher during the second summer in Baie des Veys (BDV, Normandy). In RA, S oysters exhibited higher mortality during their first summer than during their second, while the opposite result was found...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Summer mortality; Age; Environment; Genetic; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/publication-6972.pdf

Recherche d'effets biologiques de l'atrazine sur hémocytes d'huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas, in vivo et in vitro
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gagnaire, Beatrice; Thomas-guyon, Hélène; Lapegue, Sylvie; Bouilly, Karine; Renault, Tristan.
In the last decades, shellfish farming and in particular ostreiculture have developed in a significant way in France. Marennes-Oleron (Charente-Maritime) basin is the first French producer of oysters. But this area is also subjected to many recurring pollution, brought mainly by the Charente river.  The recrudescence using of herbicides in agriculture including atrazine implies the transfer towards the aquatic environment of new pollutants in estuarine areas. Moreover industrial rejections bring many heavy metals in these same estuarine areas.  It is appropriate of wondering on harmful effects of all these pollutants on the animals living in these areas, particularly oysters.  Bivalve molluscs have been postulated as ideal indicator organisms because of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Atrazine; Flow cytometry; Haemocytes; Crassostrea gigas; Atrazine; Cytométrie de flux; Hémocytes; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2001/acte-834.pdf

Metal bioaccumulation and physiological condition of the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) reared in two shellfish basins and a marina in Normandy (northwest France)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Seguin, A.; Caplat, C.; Serpentini, A.; Lebel, J. M.; Menet-nedelec, Florence; Costil, K.
A 5-month experiment combining a geochemical survey of metals with a bioaccumulation study in batches of Crassostrea gigas was conducted in two shellfish farming areas and a marina in Normandy (France). Various endpoints at different levels of biological organization were studied. ROCCH data showed differences in biota contamination between the two shellfish areas but the present study revealed only slight differences in metallic contamination and biomarkers. By contrast, significantly different values were recorded in the marina in comparison with the two other sites. Indeed, higher levels of Cd, Cu and Zn were measured in the oysters from the marina, and these oysters also showed a poorer physiological condition (e.g., condition index, histopathological...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Metallic contamination; Bioaccumulation; Physiological condition; Oxidative stress; France.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00319/43053/42632.pdf

Reproduction uniparentale et polyploidie induites chez la truite arc-en-ciel (Oncorhynchus mykiss) et chez les bivalves Crassostrea gigas, Ruditapes philippinarum et Chlamys varia
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Diter, Alain.
Methods of gynogenesis, androgenesis and polyploidy induction were developed with the aim of genetic improvement in the rainbow trout, the Pacific oyster, the Manila clam and the black scallop. In the trout: · haploid androgenesis was induced by means of a pressure shock applied on diploid eggs, probably at the time of karyogamy. Diploid androgenetic individuals were directly produced from eggs fertilized with sperm from tetraploid male. · a heat shock treatment effective for suppressing the first egg mitosis was developed. This treatment allows the production of homozygous gynogenetic lines (checked using enzyme electrophoresis technique) from eggs inseminated with ultraviolet irradiated sperm. The treatment also induced tetraploidy in eggs normally...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Méthode induction gynogenèse; Androgenèse; Polyploïdie; Oncorhynchus mykiss; Crassostrea gigas; Ruditapes philippinarum; Chlamys varis; Génétique; Methods of gynogenesis; Androgenesis; Polyploidy; Oncorhynchus mykiss; Crassostrea gigas; Ruditapes philippinarum; Chlamys varis; Genetic.
Ano: 1990
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00210/32097/30553.pdf

Situation of wild beds of Crassostrea gigas regarding OsHV-1 µvar: spatiotemporal description of contamination in Pacific oyster wild beds in Marennes Oleron Bay
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pepin, Jean-francois; Soletchnik, Patrick; Lupo, Coralie; Geairon, Philippe; Seugnet, Jean-luc; Robert, Stephane; Bernard, Ismal; Le Moine, Olivier.
This study focuses on the situation of wild oyster beds of Crassostrea gigas against OsHV-1 μvar and presents a spatio-temporal description of the OsHV-1 contamination in wild oyster beds in the bay of Marennes-Oléron from a range of sampling based on a hydrodynamic model and analyzes conducted in 2010. The objectives were to describe wild populations of pacific oysters in Marennes Oleron bay; to characterize these populations regarding OsHV-1 prevalence for spat and adults in connection with the isolation level from reared stocks and the sampling periods.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Virus; OsHV-1; Contamination; Oysters; Crassostrea gigas; Spatiotemporal description; Marennes Oleron Bay.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00105/21673/19251.pdf

Modélisation de la production de l'huître Crassostrea gigas du bassin de Marennes-Oléron (France). Etude de l'influence des apports de nitrates du fleuve Charente sur la production primaire et ostréicole
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Raillard, Olivier; Menesguen, Alain.
Oyster production of the Marennes-Oléron Basin is simulated using a model integrating phytoplankton growth, oyster growth and horizontal transport of suspended matter. Firstly the simulations are compared to the measurements. At season scale, the phytoplankton and nitrates evolution are well predicted by the model. In compensation, the model does not simulated well the spring/neap tidal variability of the phytoplankton. Secondly, the phytoplancton and oyster productions are calculated as a function of the nitrates river inputs. Biotic capacity of the basin appears to be particulary influenced by these nutrients during summer. On the other hand, spatial variability of the impact of the nitrates variation is clearly shown, the primary productions of the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Croissance; Production; Marennes Oléron; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres; Modélisation.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1991/acte-3042.pdf

Activité respiratoire en continu de l'huître Crassostrea gigas : mise au point d'une nouvelle méthodologie
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bougrier, Serge; Geairon, Philippe.
A continuous monitoring system to measure the respiration of Crassostrea gigas has been developped. The metabolic function estimated by oxygen consumption has been monitored during periods of 24 h, without food, at a temperature constant of 15°C. Preliminary results showed that the mean percentage of oyster activities was 50 % with a high variability from 0 to 100 %. The number of activity periods per day (24 h) is function of the oysters with variation between 0 and 7.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Physiology; Respiration; Crassostrea gigas; Oysters; Physiologie; Respiration; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1991/acte-3046.pdf

Suivi de la reproduction de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas. Secteur de Fouras - 1998
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Ifremer, Laboratoire Côtier DEL - La Rochelle - Direction de l'Environnement et de l'Aménagement Littoral.
Dans le cadre des actions de l'IFREMER au profit de la Section Régionale Conchylicole Ré Centre-Ouest pour l'année 1998, le Laboratoie côtier DEL de La Rochelle a effectué le suivi de la reproduction de l'huître creuse "Crassostrea gigas" à Fouras. Ce rapport présente les résultats obtenus.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ostréiculture; Reproduction; Huîtres creuses; Crassostrea gigas; Fouras; Département Charente-Maritime.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00143/25383/23521.pdf

Genetically based resistance to summer mortality in the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) and its relationship with physiological, immunological characteristics and infection processes
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Samain, Jean-francois; Degremont, Lionel; Soletchnik, Patrick; Haure, Joel; Bedier, Edouard; Ropert, Michel; Moal, Jeanne; Huvet, Arnaud; Bacca, Helene; Van Wormhoudt, A; Delaporte, Maryse; Costil, K; Pouvreau, Stephane; Lambert, Christian; Boulo, Viviane; Soudant, Philippe; Nicolas, Jean-louis; Leroux, Frederique; Renault, Tristan; Gagnaire, Beatrice; Geret, Florence; Boutet, Isabelle; Burgeot, Thierry; Boudry, Pierre.
Summer mortality of Pacific oysters is known in several countries. However no specific pathogen has been systematically associated with this phenomenon. A complex combination of environmental and biological parameters has been suggested as the cause and is now starting to be identified. A high genetic basis was found for survival in oysters when a first generation (G1) was tested in three sites during summer. This paper presents a synthesis on physiological characteristics of two selected groups ('R' and 'S', from families selected for resistance and susceptibility to summer mortality respectively), of the second and third generations. R and S showed improvement or reduction of survival compared with the control in both field and laboratory trials...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: ROS; Temperature; Stress; Hemocytes; Reproduction; Genetic selection; Resistant oyster; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific Oyster; Summer mortality.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-2809.pdf

Nutrional inadequacy of Nannochloris atomus and Stichoccocucs bacillaris for the oyster Crassostre gigas (Thunberg) larvae
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Robert, Rene.
The evaluation of Nannochloris atomliS and StichoccocllS bacillaris as nutrient sources for oyster larvae has been attempted in the present work. After a study of their grawth and size distributions, these two species were used as food for Crassostrea gigas larvae. Despite praper sizes (2.5 to 20 µm3) the larval development of Crassostrea gigas was poor. Evaluation of ingestion and digestion of both algae, by means of epifluorescence microscopy, on 2 day and 6 day old larvae showed that they were normally ingested but weakly digested. Consequently, their nutritional inadequacy for larval molluscs may be also related to their indigestibility.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Stichococcus bacillaris; Nannochloris atomus; Larvae; Nutrient sources; Huître; Crassostrea gigas; Nutrition; Stichococcus bacillaris; Nannochloris atomus; Larve; Algue fourrage; Huître; Crassostrea gigas; Nutrition.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1998/publication-6198.PDF

Caractérisation de la virulence d'une souche de Vibrio aestuarianus, pathogène de l'huître Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Labreuche, Yannick.
In France. shellfish production is a traditional. well-established industry. mainly based upon commercial farming of the Pacifie oyster. Crassostrea gigas. Since the 1980's, annual mass mortalities of C. gigas have been reported during summer. Several studies on this subject have demonstrated that these mortality outbreaks resulted from complex interactions between the physiologieal andJor genetic status of the oysters. environmental factors, and one or more infectious agents, among which are bacteria of the genus Vibrio.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huître; Crassostrea gigas; Bactéries; Vibrio aestuarlanus; Pathogénicité; Produits extracellulaires; Métalloprotéase; Hémocytes; Interactions hôte/pathogène; Oyster; Crassostrea gigas; Bacteria; Vibrio aestuarianus; Pathogenicity; Extracellular products; Metalloprotease; Hemocytes; Host/pathogen interactions.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00034/14561/11859.pdf

Transgenerational plasticity and antiviral immunity in the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) against Ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lafont, Maxime; Goncalves, Priscila; Guo, Ximing; Montagnani, Caroline; Raftos, David; Green, Timothy.
The oyster's immune system is capable of adapting upon exposure to a pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) to have an enhanced secondary response against the same type of pathogen. This has been demonstrated using poly(I:C) to elicit an antiviral response in the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) against Ostreid herpesvirus (OsHV-1). Improved survival following exposure to poly(I:C) has been found in later life stages (within-generational immune priming) and in the next generation (transgenerational immune priming). The mechanism that the oyster uses to transfer immunity to the next generation is unknown. Here we show that oyster larvae have higher survival to OsHV-1 when their mothers, but not their fathers, are exposed to poly(I:C) prior to...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; OsHV-1; Transgenerational immune priming; Trained immunity; RNA-seq.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00459/57033/58930.pdf

Influence of Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg) sexual maturation stage and ploidy on uptake of paralytic phycotoxins
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gueguen, Marielle; Baron, Regis; Bardouil, Michele; Haberkorn, Hansy; Soudant, Philippe; Truquet, Philippe; Lassus, Patrick.
The purpose of this study was to assess paralytic phycotoxin uptake in diploid and triploid oysters at two stages of their sexual cycle corresponding to their status in early summer (June) and winter (November). Samples of diploid and triploid oysters were exposed to a toxic culture of Alexandrium minutum for 4 days in each season. No significant differences in filtration or clearance rates were observed during either November or June experiments. When diploid oysters were at resting stage (November), toxin uptake showed no significant difference between the ploidy classes. In contrast, when the diploid oysters were at the peak of their sexual maturation (June), the triploid oysters were seen to accumulate almost double the amount of paralytic toxins as...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Paralytic shellfish poisoning; Crassostrea gigas; Diploid; Triploid; Contamination.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00087/19796/17487.pdf

Pavlova lutheri: Production, preservation and use as food for Crassostrea gigas larvae
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Ponis, Emanuele; Parisi, G; Chini Zittelli, G; Lavista, F; Robert, Rene; Tredici, M. R.
The haptophyte Pavlova lutheri was cultivated in a 4-l flat alveolar photobioreactor (FAP) in semi-continuous mode during 35 days, achieving a mean volumetric productivity of 0.4 g l-1 day-1. The microalgal culture was harvested from the photobioreactor at an average concentration of 3.5 g l-1 and subjected to different storage conditions in which the effects of temperature (1 °C, 4 °C and 25 °C), air supply and preservative (ascorbic or propionic acid) addition on the viability of the stored suspensions were investigated. Low temperatures (1 and 4 °C) and air-bubbling extended the shelf-life of the stored suspension, while no beneficial effects of ascorbic or propionic acid were found. The influence of temperature and air-bubbling on fatty acid content...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Fatty acid composition; Mollusc nutrition; Photobioreactor; Pavlova lutheri; Preservation; Algal suspensions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/publication-4194.pdf

Génomique de l'adaptation de l'huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas, dans le contexte de sa récente expansion géographique en Europe
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Rohfritsch, Audrey; Bierne, Nicolas; Boudry, Pierre; Heurtebise, Serge; Cornette, Florence; Lapegue, Sylvie.
Originaire du nord de l’Asie, l'huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas, a été introduite et transférée, principalement pour l’aquaculture, dans plusieurs pays européens depuis le début des années 1970. Le caractère invasif de cette espèce a été observé au cours de la dernière décennie dans plusieurs pays et elle a même été considérée comme une espèce nuisible dans certaines régions, telles que la mer de Wadden. Dans le cadre du projet HiFlo, soutenu par l’ANR, nous avons pour objectif d'identifier les caractéristiques d'une telle espèce florissante: son succès peut-il être expliqué par le hasard des opportunités (expansion de leur niche écologique) ou est-il lié à des processus évolutifs, ce qui impliquerait une adaptation génétique de l'espèce à de nouvelles...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huîtres; Crassostrea gigas; Génétique; Génétique des populations.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00014/12552/9418.pdf

Evidence of response to unintentional selection for faster development and inbreeding depression in Crassostrea gigas larvae
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Taris, Nicolas; Batista, F; Boudry, Pierre.
Underlying consequences of domestication and artificial selection still remain largely unexplored in most aquacultured species. For species with a two phase life cycle, including the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, most genetic studies have focused on the post-metamorphosis juvenile and adult stages, but relatively few considered the larval stage. To assess the consequence of hatchery practices on larval characters, especially growth, we performed a phenotypic study on larval progenies derived from crosses between Pacific oysters from natural beds and farmed Pacific oysters selected for desirable production traits such as rapid growth, for over seven generations. A set of three microsatellite loci was used to compare the genetic variability between the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Inbreeding depression; Selection; Domestication; Larval stage.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-3848.pdf

Evaluation of biomarkers in oyster larvae in natural and polluted conditions
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Damiens, Gautier; His, Edouard; Gnassia Barelli, Mauricette; Quiniou, Francoise; Romeo, Michèle.
Crassostrea gigas D-shaped larvae were subjected to different conditions of temperature and salinity for 24 h and four biomarkers (acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels, glutathione S-transferase (GST) and catalase (CAT) activities) were measured. AChE activity decreased when salinity increased from 25 to 30 and 35 psu at 20 and 25 degreesC. Temperature did not seem to have an influence on AChE activity. TBARS levels increased as a function of salinity when the temperature was maintained at 20 degreesC, whereas at 25 degreesC no effect of salinity could be observed. Variations in GST and CAT activities were not significant with salinity and temperature except that catalase activity was higher at 25...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Malathion; Carbofuran; Abiotic factors; Crassostrea gigas; Mollusc larvae; Biomarker.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/publication-686.pdf

Development of four EST-SSR multiplex PCRs in the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) and their validation in parentage assignment
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Li, Ronghua; Li, Qi; Cornette, Florence; Degremont, Lionel; Lapegue, Sylvie.
We report four highly informative multiplex PCRs developed from twelve previously described ESTSSRs in Crassostrea gigas. We evaluated and validated these multiplex PCRs in twelve full-sib families. The average allelic richness and the polymorphism information content (PIC) were 11.1 and 0.811 respectively. The combined power of exclusion was greater than 99.99% using all four multiplex assays. A hundred and forty three tests of segregation ratios revealed 11 significant departures from expected Mendelian ratios. The frequency of null alleles was estimated as 4.9% of all the alleles segregating based on a within-family analysis of Mendelian segregation patterns. Parentage analysis of real offspring demonstrated that 97% of all offspring were unambiguously...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Pacific oyster; Crassostrea gigas; Microsatellite; EST; Multiplex PCR; Parentage assignment.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00013/12419/9999.pdf

REMOR : Organisation du réseau de suivi de la croissance de l'huître creuse - Principaux résultats depuis 1993
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Goyard, Emmanuel; Baud, Jean-pierre; Claude, Serge; Le Moine, Olivier; Maurer, Daniele; Mazurie, Joseph; Ruelle, Francois; Vercelli, Catherine.
The Aquaculture Resources Department's mollusc network (REMORA) federates six coastal Ifremer laboratories. Since 1993, REMORA has implemented a unique national protocol to account for the variability in the growth of Pacific oysters farmed in 39 sites within the main production areas, from Normandy to the Mediterranean Sea. In 1995, the goal of the network was expanded to include monitoring of a second age class. To do so, the protocol developed for adults was adapted to monitor juveniles. The data, organised in Excel worksheets with a specific application written in Visual Basic, allows for inter-station and inter-annual comparisons and thereby constitutes a database of interest to oyster farmers, scientists and administrative personnel.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: REMORA; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres; Croissance.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1997/acte-3255.pdf

Combination of a pesticide exposure and a bacterial challenge: In vivo effects on immune response of Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gagnaire, Beatrice; Gay, Melanie; Huvet, Arnaud; Daniel, Jean-yves; Saulnier, Denis; Renault, Tristan.
To assess the impact of pollution induced by pesticides on Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, health in France, in vivo effects of combined pesticide exposure and bacterial challenge on cell activities and gene expression in hemocytes were tested using flow cytometry and real-time PCR. As a first step, an in vivo model of experimental contamination was developed. Pacific oysters were exposed to a mixture of eight pesticides (atrazine, glyphosate, alachlor, metolachlor, fosetyl-alumimium, terbuthylazine, diuron and carbaryl) at environmentally relevant concentrations over a 7-day period. Hemocyte parameters (cell mortality, enzyme activities and phagocytosis) were monitored using flow cytometry and gene expression was evaluated by real-time PCR (RT-PCR)....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Gene expression; Flow cytometry; Vibrio splendidus; Pathogenesis; Phagocytosis; Hemocyte; Pesticides; Bivalve immunity; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oyster.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-3022.pdf

Comparative histological study of gametogenesis in diploid and triploid pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) reared in an estuarine farming site in France during the 2003 heatwave
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Normand, Julien; Le Pennec, Marcel; Boudry, Pierre.
We compared the temporal dynamics of gametogenesis in diploid and triploid Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) using histology. Oysters were reared in an estuarine farming site in Brittany over 3 years and their gametogenesis was monitored over the exceptionally hot summer of 2003. Both diploids and triploids showed active gametogenesis, but a high proportion of triploids remained at early stages of gonad development. Gametogenesis of triploids was characterized by the simultaneous occurrence of gonias and immature cytes together with mature gametes rather than overall retardation, though some triploids showed complete gonad maturation. Evidence of spawning was seen in both groups, and the quantity of germinal products emitted appeared to be similar in...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Triploidy; Crassostrea gigas; Oyster; Gametogenesis.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/publication-4152.pdf

Poly I:C induces a protective antiviral immune response in the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) against subsequent challenge with Ostreid herpesvirus (OsHV-1 mu var)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Green, Timothy; Montagnani, Caroline.
In-vivo studies were carried out to investigate the protective effect of a synthetic viral analogue (poly I:C) against Ostreid herpes virus (OsHV-1 mu var). Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) were immune-primed by intramuscular injection of 240 mu g of poly I:C or sterile seawater at 1 day prior to infection with OsHV-1 mu var. Poly I:C injection induced an antiviral state in C gigas as the percentage of viral-infected oysters at 48 h post infection was significantly lower in the poly I:C treatment (11%) compared to seawater controls (100%). In an additional experiment, we demonstrated that the protective role of poly I:C is reproducible and elicits a specific antiviral response as immune-priming with heat-killed Vibrio splendidus provided no protection...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; OsHV-1; Poly I:C; Vibrio splendidus; Interferon-like response.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00152/26293/24739.pdf

Le risque "Eau douce" : analyse des sites en Baie des Veys et du Bassin de Marennes Oléron
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick; Ropert, Michel; Grangere, Karine; Munaron, Dominique; Struski, C.
The role of freshwater is more difficult to comprehend. It might act as a detrital organic matter "vector" (during floods) or an anthropic waste "vector" (toxic molecules from agriculture or other industries; nutritive salts from leaching...). Its effect has been demonstrated in the Bay of Veys (Ropert and Kopp, 2000; Misko, 2003), and especially its intense but transient action, presenting high freshenings, as recorded by high-frequency multiparameter probes since 1996 [15]. On this oyster culture site, mortality could then result from osmotic shocks. The "mortality-flow" relationship, demonstrated in 2003 in the Bay of Veys (Misko 2003), has to be specified. It is found in a more sustained way in the Marennes Oléron Bay (R2 = 0.40). This result also...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: MOREST; Impact; Physiologie; Pluviométrie; Apport eau douce; Mortalités; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/acte-3409.pdf

Summer mortality of the Pacific cupped oyster Crassostrea gigas in the Bay of Marennes-Oleron (France). Spatial variability of environmental parameters, growth and production rates using a Geographical Information System (GIS)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick; Le Moine, Olivier; Razet, Daniel; Geairon, Philippe; Faury, Nicole; Goulletquer, Philippe; Robert, Stephane.
The Marennes-Oleron Bay is the first rearing area in Europe for the cupped oyster, with 35 000 tons proudced on a yearly basis. This species has suffered several chronic summer mortalities for the last 10 years.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marennes Oleron Bay; Geogaphical Information System; GIS; Production; Growth; Crassostrea gigas; Oysters; Summer mortality.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1999/acte-3376.pdf

Les risques conchylicoles en Baie de Quiberon. Troisième partie : le risque d’hypoxie pour l’huître creuse Crassostrea gigas. Rapport final du projet Risco 2010-2013
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Stanisiere, Jean-yves; Mazurie, Joseph; Bouget, Jean-francois; Langlade, Aime; Gabellec, Raoul; Retho, Michael; Quinsat, Kevin; Leclerc, Emilie; Cugier, Philippe; Dussauze, Morgan; Menesguen, Alain; Dumas, Franck; Gohin, Francis; Augustin, Jean-marie; Ehrhold, Axel; Sinquin, Jean-marc; Goubert, Evelyne; Dreano, Alain.
The project “Risco”, supported by the “Pôle Mer” and funded by the Regional Council of Brittany, deals with specific risks of mortality of oysters, Crassostrea gigas, cultivated on the bottom, in a subtidal bay of South Brittany : the bay of Quiberon (56, France). Massive mortalities of oysters were reported in summer 2006 in this bay, exclusively located in the deep muddy area with a positive gradient eastward. A validated biogeochemical model was applied in order to simulate the dissolved oxygen over 2000-2006 : it revealed several episodes of hypoxia, more or less intense according to years, but with the same spatial distribution. This approach proved 2006 to be the most hypoxic year since 2000. The hypoxia was due to a rare conjunction of 3 factors :...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Baie Quiberon; Crassostrea gigas; Huître; Mortalité; Croissance; Hypoxie; Oxygène; Modèle; Upwelling; Loire; Vilaine; Quiberon; Crassostrea gigas; Oyster; Mortality; Growth; Hypoxia; Oxygen; Model; DEB; Upwelling; Loire; Vilaine.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00180/29131/27535.pdf

Growth, fatness and gross biochemical  composition of the japanese oyster Crassostrea gigas in stanway cylinders in the bay of Arcachon, France
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Robert, Rene; Trut, Gilles; Borel, Michel; Maurer, Daniele.
The Stanway cylinder was tested in the bay of Arcachon from September 1989 to August 1991. Trials were mainly performed on the Japanese oyster Crassostrea gigas in a wind-exposed area. The seed, spat, 18 month old oysters development and fattening of 2 year old oysters were studied. Compared to plastic bags the Stanway cylinder has high positive effects on survival and growth of Crassostrea gigas seed. It also has positive effects on commercial sized Crassostrea gigas fattening. Nevertheless, the cylinder has negative effects on the growth of Crassostrea gigas spat and 18 month old oysters, except for width. However, oyster quality is greatly improve : higher condition index, higher carbohydrate contents and higher shell densities were recorded. Because...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bay of Arcachon; Culture methods; Growth; Crassostrea gigas; Bassin d'Arcachon; Technique d'élevage; Croissance; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/rapport-1644.pdf

Parental exposure to environmental concentrations of diuron leads to aneuploidy in embryos of the Pacific oyster, as evidenced by fluorescent in situ hybridization
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Barranger, Audrey; Benabdelmouna, Abdellah; Degremont, Lionel; Burgeot, Thierry; Akcha, Farida.
Changes in normal chromosome numbers (i.e. aneuploidy) due to abnormal chromosome segregation may arise either spontaneously or as a result of chemical/radiation exposure, particularly during cell division. Coastal ecosystems are continuously subjected to various contaminants originating from urban, industrial and agricultural activities. Genotoxicity is common to several families of major environmental pollutants, including pesticides, which therefore represent a potential important environmental hazard for marine organisms. A previous study demonstrated the vertical transmission of DNA damage by subjecting oyster genitors to short-term exposure to the herbicide diuron at environmental concentrations during gametogenesis. In this paper, Fluorescent in...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Aneuploidy; FISH; Diuron; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2015
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00238/34911/33216.pdf

Expression de gènes viraux de l'herpès virus OsHV-1 sous sa forme µVar chez l'huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Segarra, Amelie; Faury, Nicole; Haffner, Philippe; Pepin, Jean-francois; Tourbiez, Delphine; Trancart, Suzanne; Travers, Marie-agnes; Renault, Tristan.
Le premier cas d'infection à virus de type herpès a été rapporté en 1972, aux Etats Unis, chez l'huître américaine, Crassostrea virginica (Farley et al, 1972). A partir de 1991, des mortalités massives associées à la détection de virus de type herpes ont été observées chez plusieurs espèces de bivalves marins, à différents stades de développement (essentiellement chez les larves et le naissain) et dans différentes régions du monde. Sur la base d’observation en microscopie électronique à transmission, ces virus présentaient des caractéristiques morphologiques identiques à celles des Herpesvirus (Roizman, 1982).  Les connaissances acquises concernant la taille, la structure et le séquençage du génome d’un virus infectant les larves d’huîtres creuses en...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Herpès virus OsHV-1; Expression gènes; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00195/30627/29076.pdf

Stratégie de prégrossissement intensif de naissains de palourdes (R. philippinarum) et d'huîtres (C. gigas) en baie de Bourgneuf
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Baud, Jean-pierre.
Du naissain de palourde japonaise et d'huître creuse a été prégrossi en conditions intensives de nourricerie au moyen d'une eau salée souterraine, utilisée comme ressource thermique et comme source de sels nutritifs pour la production d'algue fourrage. Les paramètres essentiels du milieu ont été suivis et les conditions d'élevage ont été contrôlées (densité de naissain, débit d'eau de mer, concentration de phytoplancton et température). Les résultats biologiques obtenus après traitement des interactions et de la hiérarchie des paramètres étudiés ont fait l'objet d'une analyse économique, pour chaque saison, par rapport à différentes stratégies de prégrossissement des coquillages. Cette étude permet finalement de proposer une méthodologie intensive de...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Baie de Bourgneuf; Ruditapes philippinarum; Crassostrea gigas; Prégrossissement; Nourricerie; Culture intensive.
Ano: 1988
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00048/15892/13314.pdf

Genetical basis of the plasticity of resource allocation in the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Ernande, Bruno; Haure, Joel; Degremont, Lionel; Bedier, Edouard; Boudry, Pierre.
Phenotypic and genetic correlations between fitness-related life-history traits - such as survival, growth and reproductive allocation - have to be considered to better understand selective processes, both in the wild and in breeding programs. Quantitative genetic experiments, based on nested half-sib mating designs, were perfomed in the Pacific oyster C. gigas (1) to estimate genetic variance and the response to selection and (2) to document phenotypic and genetic trade-offs between life history traits. Physiological trade-offs, i.e. plastcity of resource allocation, were shown to vary among genotypes. Genetic polymorphism was primarily observed for the the plasticity of reproductive effort. In addition, the degree of plasticity in reproductive effort...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Genetic polymorphism; Genetic; Plasticity; Genetical basis; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oysters.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2002/acte-3443.pdf

Contribution du Laboratoire Conchylicole de Poitou Charente (LCPC) au programme national sur les MORtalités ESTivales (MOREST) de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas. Résumé des principales actions menées en 2001
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick.
Au cours de l’année 2001, dans le cadre de la première année du programme national Morest sur les mortalités estivales d’huîtres creuses, Crassostrea gigas, le laboratoire conchylicole du Poitou-Charentes a été amené à travailler sur plusieurs opérations : les différents types de mortalité, leur caractérisation sur les trois sites ateliers du programme (Baie des Veys, rivière d’Auray et banc de Perquis dans le sud du bassin de Marennes), la caractérisation des familles génétiques produites en écloserie et la cinétique de mortalité sur le site de Fouras : secteur de captage traditionnel dans le bassin de Marennes. Enfin, des tests ont été réalisés sur les naissains produits en écloserie afin de tenter des trouver un indicateur physiologique de leur...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mortalité estivale; Huîtres creuses; Crassostrea gigas; Bassin de Marennes Oléron; MOREST.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00164/27548/25713.pdf

Suivi de la reproduction des mollusques d'élevage 1990
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Ratiskol, Jacqueline; Faury, Nicole.
La reproduction des coquillages a été soumise à des conditions climatiques exceptionnelles amplifiées par un hiver doux et sec. Concernant la reproduction des moules la formation des gonades s'est normalement effectuée vers le mois de février. Dans l'ensemble, le captage a été correct et la croissance des jeunes moules rapide malgré la sécheresse. La gamétogénèse des huîtres creuses a débuté très tôt. La reproduction s'est effectuée dans des conditions climatiques et de milieu peu habituels.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Reproduction; Larves; Crassostrea gigas; Mytilus edulis; Bassin de Marennes Oléron.
Ano: 1990
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00049/16069/13530.pdf

Oyster population genetics : understanding natural populations and tracing introductions
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lapegue, Sylvie; Boudry, Pierre.
Oysters are among the most familiar of all marine invertebrate taxa. However our knowledge of oyster phylogeny and systematics is fragmentary. This is principally due to the plastic growth patterns of these animals, which result in a wide range of overlapping, ecophenotypic variants that greatly reduce the value of analysis based on shell morphology. Besides that, many intentional or accidental anthropogenic transfers have emphasised this situation. In several cases of misclassification or misidentification of oysters, DNA molecular data, have provided valuable new insights on the tracing of introductions or more generally on the phylogeographic relationships between oyster species. We will illustrate this issue with recent case studies from our lab on...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Genetic; Ostreola stentina; Crassostrea honkongensis; Crassostrea gigas; Crassostrea angulata; Oysters; Population genetics.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/acte-3475.pdf

Assessment of energetic requirements of reared molluscs and of their main competitors
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc.
In the context of aquaculture in open sea• the amount: and qua11ty of food is variable according to the season and the physical flux in the ecosystem (carrying capacity  ecosystems ). Thus to predict the potential al production of a cultivated ecosystem,  it is mandatory 'co know ~he seasona1 changes in organisms energy balance of cultivated organisms. These changes result from the environmental  variability either  in the temperature  or more significantly in the nutrients supply (Bayne and Newell, 1983).  The techniques of physiological energetics allow to understand the adaptations of the energy balance in bivalve molluscs and to calculate the complete energy budget all  over the seasonal variations of the field. Such studies are few, they include...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crepidula fornicata; Perna perna; Mytilus chilensis; Mytilus edulis; Mercenaria mercenaria; Crassostrea gigas; Scrobicularia plana; Physilogy; Energy balance; Carrying capacity ecosystems.
Ano: 1985
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1985/acte-2960.pdf

History, Status, and Future of Oyster Culture in France
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Buestel, Dominique; Ropert, Michel; Prou, Jean; Goulletquer, Philippe.
The history of French oyster culture consists of a succession of developmental phases using different species, followed by collapses caused by diseases. The indigenous species Ostrea edulis was replaced first with Crassostrea angulata, then C. gigas. France is now the top producer and consumer of oysters in Europe, producing around 120,000 t of the cupped oyster C. gigas annually, and an additional 1500 t of the flat oyster O. edulis. Cupped oysters are produced all along the French coast from natural and hatchery spat. Various structures are used to collect spat from the wild. After a growing-on period, oysters are Cultivated by three main methods: (1) on-bottom culture in the intertidal zone or in deep water, (2) off-bottom culture in plastic mesh bags...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Cupped oyster; Flat oyster; Ostrea edulis; Crassostrea gigas; French production; Aquaculture.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/publication-7396.pdf

δ15N of organic matter sources and benthic invertebrates along an estuarine gradient in Marennes-Oleron bay (France): implications for the study of trophic structure
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Riera, Pascal.
This study examined the delta(15)N of suspended and sedimented particulate organic matter, primary sources of organic matter and benthic invertebrates along an estuarine gradient in Marennes-Oleron Bay, France. Particular emphasis was given to the use of delta(15)N as a tracer of the origin of organic matter and as a means of determining the benthic food web structure in estuarine environments. delta(15)N values indicated that there was direct utilisation of benthic diatoms as a food source by oyster Crassostrea gigas near intertidal mudflats but suggested trophic mediation between terrestrial detritus and oysters in the upper estuarine reaches. delta(15)N data showed that the trophic position of oysters may vary in the estuarine bay. The delta(15)N values...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Nitrogen isotope ratio; Particulate organic matter; Crassostrea gigas; Benthic food web; Estuary; Marennes-Oleron Bay.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00448/55926/57786.pdf

Endurcissement du naissain d’huîtres creuses, Crassostrea gigas par le niveau d’exondation ou la densité d’élevage : récapitulatif d’essais conduits entre 2004 et 2007 en rivière d’Auray (56), pour réduire les mortalités estivales
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Mazurie, Joseph; Bouget, Jean-francois; Langlade, Aime; Claude, Serge.
This report summarizes a list of husbandry experiments conducted between 2004 and 2007 so as to reduce the summer mortalities of the oyster Crassostrea gigas by farming practices. The Japanese technique so‐called “hardening”, based on nursing the young oysters (less than 1 year‐old) in intertidal areas with high air exposure, is tested and adapted. Significant improvements of survival rates (e.g. 60% survival instead of 40% survival rate) have been obtained by transferring the spat only a few month (between march and june‐july) on “high” inter‐tidal farming plots (up to 40% of mean air exposure time). In such conditions, growth is transiently reduced, but a compensatory growth seems to happen when oysters are transferred back on low concessions. Another...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huître; Crassostrea gigas; Mortalité; Endurcissement; Exondation; Densité; Oyster; Crassostrea gigas; Mortality; Hardening; Air exposure; Density.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00042/15350/12705.pdf

Recherches actuelles en pathologie des mollusques
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Mialhe, Eric.
The different epizooties affecting traditional or recent shellfish culture activities (hatcheries, cockle culture) brought to light some microorganisms and parasites considered as the responsible pathogenic agents. However, in a number of cases, the etiology of these massive mortalities remains unexplained (Grassostrea gigas, Ruditapes philippinarum). Some additional works, based on some electron microscopy techniques and isolation methods, are thus essential in order to precise the infectious nature of these diseases.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Immunodiagnostics; Purification; Agent pathogène; Mya arenia; Ruditapes philippinarum; Crassostrea gigas; Mollusques; Pathologie.
Ano: 1986
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1986/acte-6204.pdf

Ecophysiological study on the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas naturally infected by a Chlamydia-like microorganism : effect of infection level and diet on oyster physiological responses
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick; Goulletquer, Philippe; Cochennec, Nathalie; Renault, Tristan; Geairon, Philippe.
A population of Pacific ovsters, Crassostrea gigas, infected with a Chlamydia-like procaryote was reared to compare infection trends under three different feeding conditions: a starved condition, an  intermediate condition with a diet of Skeletonema costatllm, and a mixed algal diet. Several physiological and pathological criteriJ: presence of gill abnormality; microscopic examination, basophilic intracytoplasmic inclusions, Feulgen reaction; condition index, filtration, food consumptiQn; fecal production and respiration were used to compare the various modalities one month after the initiation of the experiment. The Irodality of starved oysters showed reduce physiological performances in terms of scope for growth and condition index compared to oysters...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Pathogen; Chlamydia; Procaryote; Crassostrea gigas; Oyster; Ecophysiology; Pathogène; Chlamydia; Procaryote; Crassostrea gigas; Huître; Ecophysiologie.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1998/publication-2741.pdf

Chromosome loss in bi-parental progenies of tetraploid Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Mccombie, Helen; Lapegue, Sylvie; Cornette, Florence; Ledu, Christophe; Boudry, Pierre.
Alterations of chromosome number have been observed in the somatic tissue of Crassostrea gigas diploids and artificial polyploids. Tetraploid oysters with abnormal chromosome numbers in some or all of their tissue are considered undesirable as parents either for triploids (produced via a cross with diploids and of aquacultural interest) or for tetraploid breeding. Aneuploid tetraploid oysters may confer the tendency to lose chromosomes and to revert to lower ploidy levels to their offspring. More directly, their offspring could have a lower ploidy because of potential links between somatic and gametic chromosome loss. The present study evaluated the phenomenon in six bi-parental tetraploid families bred from parents of differing somatic ploidy quality. The...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Mitosis; Chromosome; Cytogenetics; Aneuploid; Polyptoid; Tetraploid; Oyster.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/publication-633.pdf

Is horizontal transmission of the Ostreid herpesvirus OsHV-1 in Crassostrea gigas affected by unselected or selected survival status in adults to juveniles?
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Degremont, Lionel; Guyader, Tanguy; Tourbiez, Delphine; Pepin, Jean-francois.
Massive mortality outbreaks, mostly affecting spat Crassostrea gigas, have been reported in France since 2008. Disease investigations revealed that most of the mortality events are related to the detection of the Ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1 μVar). Meanwhile, selection to improve the survival in juvenile C. gigas has been successfully implemented in this context and selected oysters were found disease-resistant to OsHV-1 infection. This paper reports the first investigation of the horizontal transmission of the disease throughout cohabitation trials within batch and between batches using unselected and selected oysters for their higher survival. Two batches, unselected (AC) and selected (AR), were produced in February 2009 and deployed in the field in...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Disease resistance; Ostreid herpesvirus OsHV-1; Horizontal transmission; Pacific oyster.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00142/25310/23383.pdf

Croissance des larves de Crassostrea gigas et de Mytilus galloprovincialis en présence d'algues monocellulaires isolées du tractus digestif des véligères du milieu naturel
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: His, Edouard; Robert, Rene.
The collection of Crassostrea gigas veligeres in their natural environment and the homogenate technique (HIS et al., 1985) enable the monospecific culture of nine algae which larvae feed on. Four of them could be mass-produced: Nannochloris atomus, Stichococcus bacillaris, Chlamidomonas bullosa and Tetraselmis Tetrathele. Their feeding quality has been tested using the cross-growth method, and using Crassostrea gigas and Mytilus galloprovincialis veligeres. Although regularly found in the homogenates, and thus fed on by larvae, the first three algae gave poor results. Only Tetraselmis tetrathele has good nutritional qualities for Crassostrea gigas veligeres.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Tetraselmis tetrathele; Chlamydomonas bullosa; Stichococcus bacillaris; Nannochloris atomus; Algues unicellulaires; Mytilus galloprovincialis; Crassostrea gigas; Nutrition; Larves.
Ano: 1986
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1986/acte-6186.PDF

Etude des anomalies chromosomiques chez Crassostrea gigas - Contrat Région Poitou-Charentes 2000-2006. Convention 2002
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bouilly, Karine; Mccombie, Helen; Leitao, Alexandra; Lapegue, Sylvie.
Divers travaux menés depuis 1984 montrent qu’il existe, chez l’huître creuse Crassostrea gigas, des cellules montrant un nombre anormal de chromosomes (2n = 19, 18 ou même 17 au lieu de 2n = 20). Le niveau d’aneuploïdie est déterminé par le décompte des chromosomes à partir de suspensions cellulaires de tissu branchial. Le pourcentage de cellules aneuploïdes est toujours significativement supérieur dans les "lots de queue", c'est-à-dire les huîtres présentant des croissances plus faibles, et peut atteindre plus de 30 %. Cette corrélation négative entre l’aneuploïdie somatique et le taux de croissance a été décrite à de nombreuses reprises (Thiriot-Quiévreux et al., 1988, 1992 ; Leitão et al., 2001a ; Zouros et al., 1996). Bien que les causes...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Chromosomes; Aneuploïdie; Huîtres creuses; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00044/15475/12854.pdf

Rapport d'activité année 1972 de l'Inspection Principale de La Tremblade
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Leon, Michel.
Rapport d'activité de l'Inspection Principale de La Tremblade concernant l'année 1972.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Conchyliculture; Contrôle sanitaire; Bactériologie; Epuration; Reparcage; Casier sanitaire; Importation; Exportation; Crassostrea gigas; Mytilus edulis; Marennes Oléron.
Ano: 1972
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00070/18100/15648.pdf

Toxicity to bivalve hemocytes of pathogenic Vibrio cytoplasmic extract
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lambert, Christian; Nicolas, Jean-louis; Bultel, Valérie.
Using a chemiluminescence (CL) test, it had been previously demonstrated that Vibrio pectenicida, which is pathogenic to Pecten maximus larvae, was able to inhibit completely the CL activity of P, maximus hemocytes and partially inhibit those of Crassostrea gigas, Conversely, a Vibrio sp, strain, S322, pathogenic to C,gigas larvae was more active in reducing the CL activity of oyster hemocytes than of scallop hemocytes, Using this same CL biotest, V, pectenicida and S322 cytoplasmic extracts were shown to reproduce CL inhibition while the cytoplasmic extract of a nonpathogenic strain (U1, Pseudoalteromonas) was without effect. Moreover, cytoplasmic extract as well as live V, pectenicida cells provoked, within a few hours, death of P. maximus hemocytes...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bivalves; Hemocyte; Toxin; Chemiluminescence; Crassostrea gigas; Pecten maximus; Vibrio pectenicida.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2001/publication-466.pdf

Le risque trophique : caractéristiques trophique et hétérogénéité des ressources alimentaires en lien avec les mortalités ostréicoles
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Ropert, Michel; Lefebvre, Sebastien; Soletchnik, Patrick; Blin, J. L.; Faury, Nicole; Struski, Caroline.
The "trophic risk" has been demonstrated in the bioenergetic model developed in vivo and based on various diet conditions similar to those of different types of oyster culture basins (eutrophic, heterotrophic and oligotrophic) [22, 23]. The trophic resource – mortality relationship differs from one basin to another, according to the quantity of this resource. Multy-varied analysis (ACP) conducted on a total of 11 oyster culture sites and handled in a database matching mortality and environmental data, show that the trophic indicator "chlorophyll a" (often coupled with temperature) is involved in a positive correlation with the mortality of both age classes (1 and 2 years old). The stock transfer from the Bay of Veys to the west coast of Cotentin in spring...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: MOREST; Crassostrea gigas; Physiologie; Phéopigments; Ressources trophiques; Modèle bioénergétique; Mortalités; Huîtres.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/acte-3410.pdf

The state of the art of IFREMER in tropical aquaculture
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Calvas, Jacques.
IFREMER, a French governmental agency, is engaged in research on tropical aquaculture since 1971, with the aims to develop new activities in French overseas territories and to export French technology to foreign countries. With 80 searchers and technicians the "Centre Oceanologique du Pacifique" is the main IFREMER's centre involved in tropical aquaculture. The research has been focused on the complete control of the whole cycle: constitution of broodstock, maturation and reproduction, larval rearing, and grow-out.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Lates calcarifer; Pisces; Penaeus stylirostris; Penaeus indicus; Penaeus monodon; Macrobrachium rosenbergii; Crustacea; Perna viridis; Crassostrea rhizophorae; Crassostrea gigas; Saccostrea echinata; Brood stocks; Reproduction; Larval development; Rearing; Research institutions.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1989/acte-1500.pdf

Genetic bases and variability of physiological traits involved in growth in Crassostrea gigas - First Progress Report 1st January-31st December 1996 - Contract n° FAIR 95-421 Commission of the European Communities
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gerard, Andre; Boudry, Pierre; Bougrier, Serge; Hawkins, A. J. S.; Thiriot Quievreux, Catherine; Wilkinns, N. P.; Zouros, Eleftherios; Bonhomme, Francois.
The EEC project "Genephys 1996-2000", initiated by the IFREMER laboratory GAP (Génetique, Aquaculture et Pathologie, La Tremblade and CREMA (Centre de Recherche en Ecologie Marine et Aquaculture, l'Houmeau), aims to establish the relationships between physiological traits involved in growth (oxygen consumption, absorption efficiency, scope for growth) and their genetic bases (determinism, variability within and among populations) in cupped oyster Crassostrea gigas. The main objectives are: 1- To express the maximum variability of growth, both at the larval stage and at the adult stage, in an oyster population originating from parents of various origins. 2- To check the persistence over the time, of growth performance and related physiological functions. 3-...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Genetic; Determinism; Variability; Physilogy; Oxygen consumption; Absorption efficiency; Growth; Oysters; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00050/16149/13632.pdf

Development of SNP genotyping arrays in two shellfish species
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lapegue, Sylvie; Harrang, Estelle; Heurtebise, Serge; Flahauw, Emilie; Donnadieu, C.; Gayral, P.; Ballenghien, M.; Genestout, L.; Barbotte, L.; Mahla, R.; Haffray, P.; Klopp, C.
Use of SNPs has been favored due to their abundance in plant and animal genomes, accompanied by the falling cost and rising throughput capacity for detection and genotyping. Here, we present in vitro (obtained from targeted sequencing) and in silico discovery of SNPs, and the design of medium-throughput genotyping arrays for two oyster species, the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, and European flat oyster, Ostrea edulis. Two sets of 384 SNP markers were designed for two Illumina GoldenGate arrays and genotyped on more than 1000 samples for each species. In each case, oyster samples were obtained from wild and selected populations and from three-generation families segregating for traits of interest in aquaculture. The rate of successfully genotyped...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; GoldenGate technology; Ostrea edulis; Oysters; SNP genotyping.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00172/28369/26677.pdf

Programme qualité des huîtres creuses Crassostrea gigas en baie de Bourgneuf : 3ème année 1997
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Baud, Jean-pierre; Haure, Joel; Nourry, Max; Palvadeau, Hubert; Penisson, Christian.
Durant la période hivernale 1995, une étude comparée de la variabilité des qualités de l'huître creuse de taille marchande a été réalisée à partir de deux sources: La première est issue du réseau national lFREMER de croissance des mollusques (REMORA). La deuxième provient d'une étude régionale co financée par les Pays de la Loire sur la baie de Bourgneuf. Cette étude a permis de mettre au point une stratégie d'échantillonnage adaptée et de valider l'opportunité des différents descripteurs de qualité choisis. En prenant en compte les divers enseignements apportés par la campagne de mesures (1995 et 1996), une ultime étude régionale de la variabilité des qualités de l'huître creuse a été réalisée au mois de décembre 1997 en baie de Bourgneuf. Les principaux...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Variabilité de la qualité; Huîtres creuses; Crassostrea gigas; Baie de Bourgneuf.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00047/15873/13293.pdf

Diseases in mollusc hatcheries and their paraedox in health management
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Berthe, Franck.
Global molluscan aquaculture production is continuously increasing, dominated by five species, among which the Pacific cupped oyster, Crassostrea gigas, predominates. Hatchery production is accompanying this increase to assist consistent availability of juveniles for restocking, fishery enhancement, genetic improvements as well as for species diversification. Hatchery development contributes significantly to the demand for international transfers of live molluscs; a consequence of which pathogen transfer via transfer of live molluscs is currently recognised as a major cause of epizootic disease outbreaks. Diseases are a primary constraint to mollusc aquaculture growth and sustainability, severely impacting socioeconomic development in many countries....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mollusca; Crassostrea gigas; Risks; Mollusc culture; Husbandry diseases; Hatcheries; Disease control.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/acte-3289.pdf

Comparative analysis of oxygen consumption rates between cupped oyster spat of Crassostrea gigas of French, Japanese, Spanish and Taiwanese origins
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Goulletquer, Philippe; Wolowicz, Maciej; Latala, Adam; Geairon, Philippe; Huvet, Arnaud; Boudry, Pierre.
Respiration rates of various geographical strains of Crassostrea gigas were compared to assess the respiratory expenditure as a physiological indicator of catabolism (cost of maintenance). Parental oysters, sampled in France (Marennes-Oleron), Japan (Hiroshima), Taiwan (Tunkang) and Spain (Cadix), were differentiated by both their geographic origin and by mitochondrial DNA markers, allowing the distinction between the two closely related taxa Crassostrea gigas and Crassostrea angulata. After reproduction of these parental oysters, respiration rates of spat of each strain, reared under common controlled conditions, were individually estimated at 20 degrees C by using a volumetric microrespirometer. Our results demonstrated that physiological variability...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Pacific Ocean; NE Atlantic; Oyster strains; Hybrids; Crassostrea angulata; Crassostrea gigas; Metabolism; Respiration rates; Océan Pacifique; Atlantique NE; Souches génétiques; Hybrides; Crassostrea angulata; Crassostrea gigas; Métabolisme; Taux de respiration.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1999/publication-859.pdf

Anomalies branchiales chez Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Comps, Michel.
A la suite de contrôles effectués à l'arrivée en France de Crassostrea gigas importées du Japon, de Corée et de Colombie Britannique, Marteil (1968) signalait chez ces huîtres la présence au niveau des branchies de lésions identiques à celles observées chez Crassostrea angulata Lmk. présentant les symptômes de la maladie des branchies décrite par L. Arvy et A. Franc (1968).
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huître; Crassostrea gigas; Pathologie; Maladie; Branchie.
Ano: 1969
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00008/11971/8676.pdf

Bases génétiques et plasticité de la croissance et de la survie chez l'huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Ernande, Bruno; Boudry, Pierre; Heurtebise, Serge; Haure, Joel; Martin, Jean-louis.
Growth and survival are the two most interesting characters for oyster farming as they determine the biomass produced in the farms (growth x survival). Thus, a selection program aiming at improving these two characters could be of a great help. However, the oyster, as a sessile organism, is influenced by environmental variability (spatial and temporal) either natural or caused by the used oyster culture methods. Submitted to this variability, oysters must have evolved so as to adapt (short term) to this environmental variability.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres; Croissance; Plasticité; Génétique.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2001/acte-3279.pdf

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) or rDNA genes (5S and 18-5.8-28S) as a tool for chromosomal tagging and to assess the occurrence of somatic and sperm aneuploidy in Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Benabdelmouna, Abdellah; Nadolna, Katarzyna; Ledu, Christophe.
Aneuploidy (or alteration of chromosome number) has been frequently described in diploid, triploid and tetraploid C. gigas. In diploid Pacific oysters, aneuploidy affects 1 to 3 chromosomes in up to 35% of the somatic cells and is positively correlated with inferior growth of the animal and thus could be associated with significant economic loss in this major aquaculture species. In polyploid Pacific oysters, aneuploidy was shown to be more heavily frequent and is linked to reversion to lower ploidy levels and is at the origin of aberrant gametes formation. In this context, identification of individual chromosomes involved in aneuploidy events both in somatic and germinal cells would be an important step towards the study of the exact occurrence of this...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Chromosome; Aneuploidy; Genetic; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oysters.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/acte-3502.pdf

Contribution à l'étude de virus de mollusques marins apparentés aux Iridoviridae et aux Herpesviridae
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Deuff, Rose-marie.
Among the marine molluscs, Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, is actually the most reared species in the world. Noticeably in France, where it was imported between 1960 and 1970, and replaced Portuguese oyster, Crassostrea angulata. Intensification of breeding and the associated introductions of new species may be hazardous. Indeed, they might be responsible for the appearance and the dissemination of new diseases in bivalve molluscs. In addition to these observations, the quasi monobreeding of C. gigas in France enhances the necessity to develop research concerning the diagnosis of pathologies affecting this species, namely the diagnosis of viral diseases. Several families of viruses have been described within marine bivalves molluscs. The purpose of this...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mollusques bivalves; Crassostrea gigas; Huître japonaise; Pathologie; Iridovirus; Herpèsvirus; Diagnostic; Bivalve molluscs; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oyster; Pathology; Iridovirus; Herpesvirus; Diagnosis.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00107/21792/19367.pdf

Demonstration of a true phenoloxidase activity and activation of a ProPO cascade in Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg) in vitro
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Hellio, Claire; Bado Nilles, Anne; Gagnaire, Beatrice; Renault, Tristan; Thomas-guyon, Helene.
The prophenoloxidase (ProPO) system is the origin of melanin production and is considered to be an innate defence mechanism in invertebrates. In different bivalve species, phenoloxidase (PO) is present in the haemolymph as an inactive form of ProPO. The present study focuses on the Pacific adult oyster, Crassostrea gigas, an economically important bivalve species along French coasts. The results indicate that many factors may inhibit the PO-like activity. These include: phenylthiourea (PTU), sodium diethylthiocarbamate (DETC), beta-mercaptoethanol and tropolone, which repressed the spontaneous PO activity. The activation of PO-like activity in C. gigas acellular fraction by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) involved participation of other factors, including at...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Prophenoloxidase; Phenoloxidase; Oyster; Immunity; Defence; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-2926.pdf

Déterminisme des mortalités estivales d'huîtres creuses Crassostrea gigas dans le bassin de Marennes-Oléron : choix d'un site atelier pilote, prééchantillonnage et perspectives
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Moine, Olivier; Soletchnik, Patrick; Geairon, Philippe; Razet, Daniel; Faury, Nicole; Goulletquer, Philippe.
Since 1988, seasonal, chronic mortality (up to 30-40 %) has been occurring at oyster farms in the Marennes-Oléron Bay, namely at the Ronce and Perquis sand flats. The particular geographic position on the southern part of the bay, between the Seudre River and the Maumusson Strait, confers a relative specificity to these oyster farming areas. Production in this area is on the order of 8,000 to 10,000 t of the 30,000 t of oysters produced annually in the Bay. Although limited in surface area (180 ha out of a total of 4,500 ha), this high proportion of production can be attributed to the fact that this zone is mostly dedicated to the finishing process before commercialisation. Due to its economic importance, oyster farming is vital for local businesses.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marennes Oléron; Mortalités; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1997/acte-3249.pdf

Action d'un sel organo-métallique, l'acétate de tributyle-étain sur les oeufs et les larves D de Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: His, Edouard; Robert, Rene.
L'action de l'acétate de tributyle-étain, à des concentrations variant de 5 à 100 micro- grammes/l a été étudiée sur les oeufs de Crassostrea gigas en cours de fécondation. Parallèlement les mêmes concentrations ont été testées sur les larves D âgées de 24 heures.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huître; Crassostrea gigas; Expérimentation; Larves; Reproduction; Sel organo-métallique; Acétate de tributyle étain.
Ano: 1980
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00009/11983/8687.pdf

Pollution et taux d'aneuploïdie chez l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas : étude expérimentale sur une population en milieu contrôlé
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Sabatier, Sebastien.
Le bassin de Marennes-Oléron, milieu fortement anthropisé, souffre d'une diminution générale du taux de croissance des huîtres creuses, Crassostrea gigas. Si les fortes densités existants dans le bassin sont grandement responsables de ce phénomène, d'autres facteurs environnementaux peuvent intervenir. Nous nous sommes intéressés à un caractère corrélé négativement à la croissance, le taux d'aneuploïdie. Il s'agit d'un phénomène cytogénétique ayant pour conséquence la perte ou le gain de chromosomes. Dans cette étude, une expérimentation en écloserie a été mise en place afin de tester l'effet de l'atrazine (herbicide très utilisé et se retrouvant en quantité importante dans le bassin) sur le taux d'aneuploïdie de naissains d'huîtres. Les valeurs testées...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Naissain; Aneuploïdie; Environnement; Atrazine; Anthropisation.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00033/14408/11701.pdf

Caractérisation morphologique et fonctionnelle des hémocytes d'Ostrea edulis et de Crassostrea gigas, mollusques bivalves. Etude in vitro de leurs interactions avec le protozoaire Bonamia ostreae (Ascetospora)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Jean Chagot, Dominique.
La morphologie et l'équipement enzymatique des hémocytes de deux espèces d'huîtres, Ostea edulis et Crassostrea gigas ont été étudiés. L'analyse des fonctions des hémocytes dans les mécanismes immunitaires a permis de mettre en évidence leur rôle de macrophage, mais n'a pas fait apparaître de différence interspécifique dans les phénomènes des cytocidie oxygène dépendants, susceptible d'expliquer la permissivité d'Ostrea edulis pour Bonamia ostreae et la résistance de Crassostrea gigas. L'infection in vitro de primocultures d'hémocytes des deux espèces démontre un mécanisme d'entrée par phagocytose, doublé chez Ostrea edulis d'une possible pénétration active. L'analyse des récepteurs impliqués dans la phagocytose (récepteurs pour des opsonines plasmatiques,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ostrea edulis; Crassostrea gigas; Bonamia ostreae; Hémocyte; Morphologie; Macrophage; Caractérisation enzymatiques; Chimioluminescence; Interaction in vitro; Phagocytose; Récepteur.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00210/32102/30559.pdf

Genetic improvement of hatchery propagated bivalve stocks : prospects and constraints
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Boudry, Pierre.
To date, the most significant genetic improvement for the production of Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) has been obtained through the production of triploids, especially since the development of tetraploids. Quantitative genetics studies suggest that significant gains, for disease resistance or other traits, could be obtained in diploids. However, the limited extent of hatchery-propagation (versus natural recruitment) and/or various technical difficulties and biological characteristics of the species have retarded the development of selective breeding programs. In the U.S.A., Australia and New Zealand, family-based selective breeding programs have recently been initiated to improve growth, disease tolerance and yield.  In Europe, where both natural and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Microsatellite markers; Crassostrea gigas; Selective breeding; Triploid; Pacific oyster; Genetic.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/acte-3451.pdf

Etude de l'impact de micropolluants sur les capacités immunitaires de l'huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas, in vivo et in vitro
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gagnaire, Beatrice.
La conchyliculture et notamment l'ostréiculture se sont beaucoup développées en France dans les dernières décennies. Le bassin de Marennes-Oléron (Charente-Maritime) est le premier bassin français producteur d'huîtres. Mais cette zone est également soumise à de nombreuses pollution récurrentes, apportées principalement par la Charente. La recrudescence de l'utilisation d'herbicides en agriculture tels que l'atrazine implique le transfert vers le milieu aquatique de nouveaux polluants dans les zones d'estuaires. De plus, les rejets industriels apportent de nombreux métaux lourds dans ces mêmes zones d'estuaire. Il convient de s'interroger sur les effets néfastes de tous ces polluants sur les animaux vivant dans ces zones, tout particulièrement les huîtres,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Hémocytes; Cytométrie de flux; Métaux lourds; Atrazine; Phénoloxydase.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00032/14337/11620.pdf

Herpesvirus observé chez les huîtres - Résultats août 1995/avril 1996
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Renault, Tristan.
Les travaux concernant le virus de type herpès, observé chez les huîtres, ont été poursuivis en 1995-1996 et ont ainsi permis d'aboutir à la mise au point d'un protocole de purification du virus, malgré l'ensemble des difficultés rencontrées (impossibilité de reproduire le virus sur lignées cellulaires, dépendance vis à vis des professionnels pour l'approvisionnement en matériel infecté et difficulté de planifier les expériences). De ce fait, le point de blocage que représentait l'obtention de particules virales en nombre suffisant pour le développement d'outils de diagnostic fiables et sensibles a été levé.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Herpès virus; Pathologie; Virus; Mortalité; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00050/16153/13636.pdf

Rapport d'activité année 1979 du Laboratoire de Biologie Conchylicole de La Tremblade
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Heral, Maurice.
Rapport d'activité du Laboratoire de Biologie Conchylicole de La Tremblade concernant l'année 1979
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Conchyliculture; Physiologie; Crassostrea gigas; Mytilus edulis; Reproduction; Estimation stock; Croissance; Ruditapes decussatus; Ruditapes philippinarum; Marennes Oléron.
Ano: 1979
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00070/18088/15636.pdf

Evidence in oyster of a plasma extracellular superoxide dismutase which binds LPS
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gonzalez, Marcelo; Romestand, Bernard; Fievet, Julie; Huvet, Arnaud; Lebart, M; Gueguen, Yannick; Bachere, Evelyne.
We have characterized in the oyster Crassostrea gigas an extracellular superoxide dismutase (Cg-EcSOD) which appears to bind lipopolysaccharides (LPS). The protein has been purified from the oyster plasma and identified as a Cu/ZnSOD according to its N-terminal sequencing and biological activity. Cg-EcSOD expression and synthesis are restricted to hemocytes as revealed by in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry. Cg-EcSOD-expressing hemocytes were seen in blood circulation, in connective tissues, and closely associated to endothelium blood vessels. Cg-EcSOD presents in its amino acid sequence a LPS-binding motif found in the endotoxin receptor CD14 and we show that the protein displays an affinity to Escherichia coli bacteria and with LPS and Lipid A....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Beta integrin; Oxidative burst; Hemocyte; Crassostrea gigas; Invertebrate; Mollusc bivalve.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/publication-3583.pdf

Etude préliminaire de l'acide désoxyribonucléique (ADN) d'huîtres du littoral atlantique français
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gras, Marie-paule.
The mortality that decimated Portuguese oysters, C. angulata, in 1970-1971, up to 80% in most sectors, required the introduction of C. gigas oysters resistant to disease and whose reproduction proved itself to be excellent (GRAS and assoc. 1971). Artificial beds of Pacific oysters were created. Nonetheless, in some areas, there continued to be small populations of C. angulata that, mixed in with the C. gigas oysters that had been brought in, participated in reproduction. Genetic problems then arose, among which the selection of specimens and hybridisation were to be considered more specifically. There are, in fact, two cases of hybridisation.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Hybridation; Huîtres; Crassostrea angulata; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1975
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1975/acte-2987.pdf

Etude comparative de différents indices de condition chez l'huître creuse (Crassostrea gigas)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bodoy, Alain; Prou, Jean; Berthome, Jean-paul.
Among the different condition indices, some of them were compared on a population of the japanese oyster, Crassostrea gigas. The follow-up of experimental racks was performed monthly during four years. The use of dry weight in condition indices gave a more precise and more reliable representation for the condition of the oysters than the fresh weight. The sensitivity of these indices, which corresponds to their ability in revealing small changes in the physiological condition, was calculated for each indice. Those exhibiting the best sensitivity were ranked as follow: dry weight on the difference between total weight and shell weight, dry weight on intervalve volume. Other indices including the ratio between dry weight and various assessments of the volume...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bivalve; Crassostrea gigas; Indice de qualité; Indice de condition; Crassostrea gigas; Bivalve; Condition factor; Condition index.
Ano: 1986
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/2961/9155.pdf

Etude des processus de dérive et de sélection liés aux pratiques d'élevage en écloserie d'huître creuse
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Boudry, Pierre.
Genetic consequences of production of Pacific oyster larval in hatchery: drift and selective pressures related to rearing practices. In order to study the genetic consequences of production of oyster larvae in hatcheries, two factors were examined: the effects of discarding the smallest larvae (i.e. culling) and temperature effects. A mixed-family approach was used in order to infer the genetic composition of the larval population. The results show that high polymorphic microsatellite-based family assignment is a powerful tool for the study of bivalve larvae genetics. Culling by selective sieving is an advantageous practice at a phenotypic scale, but also represents a substantial risk for diversity loss if parentage assignment is not introduced as a...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Hatchery; Genetic diversity; Selection domestication; Larvae; Crassostrea gigas; Ecloserie; Diversité génétique; Sélection domestication; Larve; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/rapport-1459.pdf

Evolution et estimation des mortalités estivales de naissain d'huître creuse (Crassostrea gigas) en baie de Quiberon, de mai à septembre 1998.
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Martin, Anne-genevieve; Fleury, Pierre-gildas; Tige, Gilbert; Hirata, Toshio; Le Coguic, Marie-jo; Langlade, Aime; Mazurie, Joseph; Ostréiculteurs de la baie de Quiberon.
La question des mortalités estivales de naissains d'huîtres creuses en baie de Quiberon a été abordée selon deux approches complémentaires, l'une plus temporelle, avec le suivi estival régulier de quelques semis, l'autre plus spatiale avec une estimation en plongée des survies en fin d'été d'un plus grand nombre de semis répartis à travers la baie. Le suivi de l'évolution des semis a permis de dater et de quantifier les mortalités estivales sur plusieurs périodes (juin et août essentiellement) ; mais il n'a pas permis d'en identifier les causes. Le rôle des pathogènes, notamment, n'est pas défini. Par ailleurs, l'estimation spatiale des mortalités en fin d'été met en évidence des mortalités nettement différenciées entre les semis (entre 6 et 48%). Parmi...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Naissain; Quiberon; Mortalité; Croissance; Vitalité; Pathologie; Herpès-virus; Pacifie cupped oyster; Crassostrea gigas; Spat; Quiberon (France); Mortality; Growth; Vitality; Pathology; Herpes-virus.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00102/21326/18949.pdf

Approche des relations entre  a croissance de l'huître Crassostrea  gigas et le milieu dans le bassin d'Arcachon
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Maurer, Daniele.
study of the experimental growth of the oyster Crassostrea gigas was undertaken of 1985 to 1988, parallel to a follow-up hydrobiologic of the medium, in three sites of the basin of Arcachon. - The characteristics of growth of the studied sites proved very stable during various years ; they are also very different from one site to another, the performances being able to vary the simple one with the double of the center of the basin towards the exit on the ocean. It is during the summer and of the autumn that the difference is established between the sectors, the spring growths being similar. The hierarchy observed is associated a more or less great precocity of the laying. - A gradient influences continental oceanic-influence is observed, resulting in more...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ostreiculture; Oyster; Hydrobiology; Growth; Bay of Arcachon; Crassostrea gigas; Ostréiculture; Huître; Hydrobiologie; Croissance; Baie d'Arcachon; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1989/rapport-1645.pdf

The effect of algae diets ( Skeletonema costatum and Rhodomonas baltica ) on the biochemical composition and sensory characteristics of Pacific cupped oysters ( Crassostrea gigas ) during land-based refinement
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Van Houcke, Jasper; Medina, Isabel; Maehre, Hanne K.; Cornet, Josiane; Cardinal, Mireille; Linssen, Jozef; Luten, Joop.
Oyster refinement, a common practice in France, is aimed at increasing the weight of oyster tissue and influencing the taste properties of the refined oysters. Refinement usually takes place in land-based systems where the oysters are fed with relatively high concentrations of microalgae. In this study the impact of feeding Skeletonema costatum and Rhodomonas baltica on the biochemical composition and sensory characteristics of Pacific cupped oysters (Crassostrea gigas) from the Eastern Scheldt during land-based refinement was studied. After a feeding period of four and seven weeks market-sized oysters were sampled for the analysis of fatty acids, free amino acids and volatile organic compounds and for a sensory evaluation by consumers and an expert panel....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Skeletonema costatum; Rhodomonas baltica; Sensory properties; Free amino acids; Fatty acids.
Ano: 2017
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00389/50011/50600.pdf

Anesthesia in Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Suquet, Marc; De Kermoysan, Goulwen; Araya, Ricardo Gonzalez; Queau, Isabelle; Lebrun, Luc; Le Souchu, Pierrick; Mingant, Christian.
A reliable anaesthesia and sampling protocol for Pacific oysters will enable experiments to be conducted without sacrificing animals and will facilitate successive sampling of individuals for gametogenesis studies. As no such techniques were available for Crassostrea gigas, the present study aimed to define suitable anaesthetic conditions for use with this species. Three groups of ten oysters (mean weight +/- SD, 32.1 +/- 9.0 g) were anaesthetised in 5 L containers. Among different chemicals: benzocaine, eugenol and three different types of magnesium chloride (a laboratory one Flucka (R) - and two designed for agriculture - DEUSA International (R) and Dead SeaWorks (R)) and concentrations tested, one laboratory (concentration: 72 g L-1) and one...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oyster; Gonad sampling; Magnesium chloride; Relaxant; Anaesthesia.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/publication-6352.pdf

Mortalité estivale de l'huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas, sur les bancs ostréicoles de Perquis et Ronce (Bassin de Marennes-Oléron): étude des pratiques culturales et des caractéristiques biologiques et spatiales des élevages
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lodato, Marie-isabelle.
Face à un problème de mortalité chronique qui touche, depuis 1988, les productions d' huîtres creuses, une stratégie d'échantillonnage a été étudiée afin de quantifier, d'un point de vue spatio·temporelle, les taux de mortalité. L'étude a porté durant 4 mois sur 48 concessions ostréicoles des bancs d' élevage de Ronce et Perquis. Le taux moyen de mortalité cumulée en fin de suivi est de 19,3 % pour des valeurs variant de 10 à 30 % selon les parcs. L' impact des pratiques culturales et des caractéristiques biologiques et environnementales des cheptels sur les taux de mortalité est également estimé au moyen de corrélations. Dans certains cas, la recherche d' Herpes-virus a pu être effectuée. L'élévation des températures déclenche le processus de mortalité...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Mortalités; Bassin de Marennes-Oléron; Système d'Information Géographique.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00108/21955/19549.pdf

Approches multifactorielles pour l'étude d'interactions entre l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas et deux Vibrio pathogènes, V. splendidus et V. aestuarianus : épidémiologie, variabilité de la sensibilité de l'hôte et pathogenèse
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: De Decker, Sophie.
Oyster production is the main aquaculture activity in France and is dominated by the rearing of Crassostrea gigas. In the aquatic ecosystems where the species is grown, bacteria of the genus Vibrio are found to be dominant. Two Vibrio species, V. splendidus and V. aestuarianus, are frequently associated with Crassostrea gigas summer mortality episodes. The aims of this work were to study Vibrio-oyster interactions and their modulations according to virulence mechanisms and to genetic and physiological parameters of the host. Using specific, sensitive and quantifying diagnostic tools developed in this study, as well as standardized experimental infection trials, some components of the virulence of Vibrio strains and host susceptibility were delineated and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bactériologie; Vibrio pathogène; Interactions Vibrio-huître; Crassostrea gigas; Vibrio splendidus; Vibrio aestuarianus; Epidémiologie; Facteurs de sensibilité.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00016/12697/9618.pdf

Bilan des actions MOREST 2004 du Laboratoire Envrionnement et Ressources du Poitou-Charentes (LERPC)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick; Le Moine, Olivier; Geairon, Philippe; Faury, Nicole; Razet, Daniel; Robert, Stephane; Prou, Jean.
The objectives for 2004: - Continuation of the study of the "on-bottom/off-bottom" mortality south of the Marennes Oléron Bay with a study of acute stress (sequel to Dynamo &amp; DynamoR studies) (WP 2.2.8). - Continuation of the laboratory analysis of the dynamoR 2003 samples (biological material) and data (WP 2.2.3). - Analysis of the data on the characterisation of summer mortality (WP 2.2.1) in relation to the environment. Through these tasks, the objectives are: (1) understanding the "on-bottom/off-bottom" mortality model of C. gigas in the Marennes Oléron Bay and underlining the environmental causes of summer mortality, (2) bringing a regional answer to this issue, (3) widening the study of the mortality / environment relationship to all the French...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ecosystèmes conchylicoles; Modélisation; Bassin de Marennes Oléron; MOREST; Mortalités; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/acte-3388.pdf

First isolation of Nocardia crassostreae from pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas in Europe
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Engelsma, M; Roozenburg, I; Joly, Jean-pierre.
In summer 2006 an extensive mortality of Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas occurred in Lake Grevelingen, the Netherlands. A sample of Pacific oysters was investigated for the presence of shellfish pathogens as potential causes of the mortality. Yellow-green lesions were observed in several oysters upon clinical inspection. Histopathology showed that 6 out of 36 oysters had a suspected bacterial infection, including 4 Nocardia-like infections. Two bacterial species, Vibrio aestuarianus and Nocardia crassostreae, were isolated from haemolymph samples and identified using PCR and sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. This is the first isolation of N. crassostreae from shellfish in European waters. The near full-length 16S rRNA sequence of this Dutch Nocardia sp....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Summer mortalities; Ostrea edulis; Crassostrea gigas; Vibrio aestuarianus; Nocardia crassostreae.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/publication-4568.pdf

Réponses et adaptations de la charge énergétique adénylique et l'activité enzymatique digestive à l'emersion chez Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Moal, Jeanne; Samain, Jean-francois.
The effect of tidal emergence on the adenylate energy charge value was studied in Crassostrea gigas oysters in Marennes-Oleron Bay. The shot-term AEC responses to aerial exposure differed according to the period of the year. However, on a long-term basis, osters from three bathymetric positions exhibited the same AEC value, but had a different growth rate. The amylase increase observed for the most emerged oysters may play a role in the maintenance of energy equilibrium.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Charge énergétique; Amylase; Emersion; Huîtres; Crassostrea gigas; Cycle de marée; ATP; Adenylic energy charge; Amylase; Emersion; Oysters; Crassostrea gigas; Tidal cycle.
Ano: 1988
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00022/13285/10331.pdf

REMONOR : Résultats 2004. Evaluation de la mortalité, croissance et qualité des huîtres creuses
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Mary, Charlotte; Pien, S.
Since 1998, a growth and quality monitoring study of reared molluscs has been developed between the Shellfish Research Laboratory of Normandy (IFREMER Port-en-Bessin, Calvados) and the SMEL (Syndicat Mixte d'Expansion du Littoral) Experimental Centre (Blainville, Manche). REMONOR (REseau MOllusque de NORmandie). This study is based on the experience gained through the national monitoring network REMORA, which protocol has been entirely applied. Adults and spat of Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas were dispatched on 17 stations all along the four oysters rearing areas of Normandy (Meuvaines-Asnelles, the Baie des Veys, the East and West coasts of the Cotentin peninsula -including Chausey archipelago-). These molluscs had the same origin and history (i.e....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: REMORA; Quality; Growth; Mortality; Normandy; REMONOR; Cupped (gigas) oyster; Crassostrea gigas; REMORA; Qualité; Croissance; Mortalité; Basse Normandie; REMONOR; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/rapport-2245.pdf

Contribution à l'étude du stockage des huîtres en bassins
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Masson, Daniel.
La mise sur le marché de coquillages marins vivants nécessite dans la majorité des cas un stockage en bassin avant expédition. Cette opération a plusieurs buts : - les débarrasser de la vase ou du sable qu'ils ont pu accumuler dans leur cavité palléale, sur les zones où ils vivaient, - favoriser l'élimination de germes éventuels (dont certains sont pathogènes pour l'homme) par le biais de l'activité de filtration des coquillages eux-mêmes, - permettre l'activité respiratoire de ces coquillages avant une période d'émersion plus ou moins longue (conditionnement, transport, mise en vente). Le coquillage conditionné et expédié est une denrée alimentaire. Avant cela (et notamment lors du stockage) il doit être considéré comme un animal d'élevage et traité en...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ostréiculture; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Stockage en bassin; Expérimentations; Physiologie.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00134/24496/22524.pdf

Réseau de surveillance de la croissance et production de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas dans le bassin de Marennes-Oléron : bilan de 12 années de suivi (1986-1998)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Moine, Olivier; Geairon, Philippe; Soletchnik, Patrick; Faury, Nicole; Goulletquer, Philippe; Robert, Stephane; Razet, Daniel; Heurtebise, Serge.
Thiis report aims to study the oyster Crwsosrrea gigas growth and production over a 12 years time' s span in the bay of Marennes-DIeron. Results of 12 years of oyster growlh did not show any significant oyster biological productivity decrease, nor trend. ln contrast, annual growth showed a large variability, which will be correlated with environmental conditions. Moreover, annual growth variability was greater than the variability due to site location,. besides the Ronce experimental site. The later, located in the south west part of the bay of Marennes-Dleron, has been the leading oyster growth site since 1989. The annual shell growlh variabiliry was greater than oyster dry meat weight fluctuation . Both 1990 and 1991 years were characterized by the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Réseau de surveillance; Croissance; Composition biochimique; Mortalité; Crassostrea gigas; Bassin de Marennes-Oléron; Charente-Maritime; Monitoring network; Growth; Biochemical composition; Mortality rate; Crassostrea gigas; Bay of Marennes Oleron; Charente-Maritime.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00031/14244/11520.pdf

Recent advances in EST sequencing in Crassostrea gigas: towards the sequencing of the Pacific oyster genome
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Boudry, Pierre; Huvet, Arnaud; Lapegue, Sylvie; Sauvage, Christopher; Tanguy, A.; Moraga, D.; Goostrey, A.; Prunet, P.; Boulo, Viviane; Gueguen, Y.; Moal, Jeanne; Fleury, Elodie; Samain, Jean-francois; Mathieu, M.; Favrel, P.
Rationale for EST and genome sequencing of the Pacific oyster: • its membership of the Lophotrochozoa, an little studied branch of the Eukaryotes, • its worldwide aquacultural importance (4.2 million metric tons, worth 3.5 billion US dollars), • its high fecundity, with concomitantly high DNA polymorphism, • its use as a biosensor of coastal pollution. In 2004, an international community of biologists, the Oyster Genome Consortium (OGC) led by D. Hedgecock (University of Southern California) and uniting 70 participants from 10 countries, first presented the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas as a genome-sequencing candidate to Joint Genome Institute (JGI, USA) (Hedgecock et al., 2005). Besides this project (that remains to be accepted), several EST...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Characteristics; Genome size; Genome; Crassostrea gigas; Oyster; Genetic.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/acte-3414.pdf

Effects of cytochalasin B on fertilization and ploidy in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Ledu, Christophe; Mccombie, Helen.
The effects of cytochalasin B on fertilization and ploidy in Crassostrea gigas were examined in a controlled experiment. This enabled us to better understand why variable ploidy results have been found with the retention of polar bodies in previous studies on bivalve mollusks, and what the interaction with fertilization may be. By looking at the early development of Crassostrea gigas embryos with sequential samples stained using Hoechst 33258, a fluorescent DNA-specific dye, we compared normal evolution of fertilized eggs with that obtained with cytochalasin B treatment. In treated eggs, embryos with both three and four pronuclei were found after the second meiotic division. When embryos had three pronuclei, these were identified as the female pronucleus...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Fertilization; Cytochalasin B; Polar body; Polyploidy.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/publication-2845.pdf

Reproduction des huîtres en 1973 dans le Quartier de La Rochelle
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Dardignac, Marie-jose.
Rapport concernant le reproduction des huîtres, le laboratoire conchylicole de La Rochelle a suivi l'évolution sexuelle d'huîtres d'espèces et d'origines différentes.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Reproduction; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres creuses.
Ano: 1973
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00165/27641/25789.pdf

Les voies de calcul de la filtration
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick; Heral, Maurice; Razet, Daniel; Geairon, Philippe.
Dans le cadre des études de physiologie, la fonction de filtration intervient dans le calcul du bilan énergétique, ou permet de déterminer la quantité d'aliment consommé par les mollusques filtreurs. Cette fonction peut également être considérée dans les relations avec le poids de l'animal, la température et un certain nombre d'indices de qualité et de quantité de l'aliment dont se nourrit le bivalve. Dans un contexte de coopération internationale entre scientifiques anglais, espagnols et français, une expérimentation physiologique sur les mollusques a été réalisée en septembre 1991 à l'IFREMER La Tremblade. De nombreux objectifs motivent cette expérimentation : la comparaison inter espèces, la confrontation des techniques mises en oeuvre par les...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Physiologie; Filtration; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Alimentation.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00102/21303/18916.pdf

Physiological changes in Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas exposed to the herpesvirus OsHV-1 μvar
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Tamayo, David; Corporeau, Charlotte; Petton, Bruno; Quere, Claudie; Pernet, Fabrice.
Since 2008, mass mortality events of Crassostrea gigas have been occurring along the French coast when seawater temperature exceeds 16ºC. These mortality events are related to a particular genotype of the ostreid herpesvirus named OsHV-1 μvar. The present study aimed to detail various physiological aspects underlying the onset of the disease. In the laboratory, both exposed (infected) and naïve (healthy) oysters were maintained at 13.0°C and 20.6ºC. These temperatures were respectively lower and higher than the threshold values of 16°C at which the disease generally occur. At 20.6ºC, exposed oysters were characterized by a reduction in energetic reserves (carbohydrates and triglycerides) together with a decrease in protein content. Sterols levels were...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Energetic reserves; Energetic metabolism; Enzyme activity; OsHV-1; Temperature.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00192/30330/28803.pdf

Décontamination expérimentale de bivalves toxiques : application aux phycotoxines paralysantes. Rapport final
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lassus, Patrick; Bardouil, Michele; Masselin, Pierre; Naviner, Magali; Truquet, Philippe.
A sea water recirculating flume was especially designed in the framework of this study. It improves physiological and ecophysiological evaluation of a 25 oysters (c. gigas) set fed on PSP toxic A. minutum cultures and then detoxified with commonly used aquaculture species (I. galbana, T. suecica, S. costatum, T. weissflogii). Chlorophyll a levels are kept steady in each case and adjusted in order to reach the same food value in each tank (0,5 mg/l TPM). When exposed to the mildly toxic species A. minutum (0,5 pg.eq.STX.cel-1) oysters depict a reduced clearance rate, food uptake and shell-valves activity (compared to non-toxic algal diets). The same physiological parameters do not show any significant differences when oysters are exposed to the control al...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Épuration; Crassostrea gigas; Alexandrium minutum; PSP; Écophysiologie; Depuration; C. gigas; A. minutum; PSP; Ecophysiology.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00139/25021/23126.pdf

Seasonal changes in mRNA encoding for cell stress markers in the oyster Crassostrea gigas exposed to radioactive discharges in their natural environment
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Farcy, Emilie; Voiseux, Claire; Lebel, Jean-marc; Fievet, Bruno.
The North Cotentin area (Normandy, France) hosts several nuclear facilities among which the AREVA reprocessing plant of La Hague is responsible for controlled discharges of liquid radioactive wastes into the marine environment. The resulting increase in radioactivity is very small compared to natural radioactivity. However, concerns about environment protection prompted the scientific community to focus on the effects of the chronic exposure to low concentrations of radionuclides in non-human biota. This study contributes to the evaluation of the possible impact of radioactive discharges on the oyster Crassostrea gigas in the field. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to quantify the expression levels of genes involved in cell stress in the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Superoxide dismutase; Metallothionein; Heat shock protein; MRNA; Seasonal variations; Radioactive discharges.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-2601.pdf

Programme Pathologie - Rapport scientifique Année 1994 - Contrat de Plan Etat Région Poitou-Charentes 1994-1998 - Convention 94 RPC R 62
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Renault, Tristan; Cochennec, Nathalie; Le Deuff, Rose-marie; Chollet, Bruno; Maffart, Patricia; Haffner, Philippe; Berthe, Franck; Thuillier, Benoit.
Le but de ce programme pathologie est de recherher et d'étudier les agents pathogènes connus et inconnus chez les mollusques bivalves marins, plus particulièrement chez l'huître creuse, Crassastrea gigas, afin d'identifier d'éventuels agents causant des mortalité, de proposer des mesures prophylactiques et de définir des conditions zootechniques permettant aux professionnels de limiter l'impact des maladies sur leur cheptel. La présence de maladies, chez les mollusques bivalves marins dont l'impact socioéconomique peut être catastrophique pour les productions conchylicoles, et l'accroissement des échanges de produits d'aquaculture entre les pays de la CEE et avec les pays tiers nécessitent le renforcement des recherches dans les domaines de la pathologie....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Pathologie; Agent pathogène; Infection; Virus; Herpèsvirus; Purification; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00044/15502/12874.pdf

Environnement et immunomodulation : étude d'activités hémocytaires chez l'huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gagnaire, Beatrice.
Depuis plusieurs décennies, l'ostréiculture est une activité économique importante en France et particulièrement en Charente-Maritime. En effet, le bassin de Marennes-Oléron est le premier bassin français producteur d'huîtres, notamment l'huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas. Cependant, cette zone est soumise à de nombreuses pollutions de nature anthropique. Les industries rejettent du mercure en quantité importante dans la Charente. De plus, du fait des courant locaux, le cadmium, présent en grande quantité dans le bassin de la Gironde, est également retrouvé dans le bassin de Marennes-Oléron. Les effets de ces polluants sur les animaux présents dans ces zones d'estuaires sont encore peu connus, bien que de nombreuses études soient en cours de développement....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Hémocytes; Cytométrie de flux; Métaux lourds; Phénoloxydase; Conditions environnementales; Origine génétique.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00032/14344/11628.pdf

Estimation des stocks d'huîtres cultivés : cas du bassin de Marennes-Oléron
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc.
Une estimation des stocks d'huîtres, pour quoi faire? Lorsque les stocks augmentent, la production commerciale plafonne vers 40 000 tonnes, la durée du cycle de production d'une huître de 70 g passe de 2 ans à 5 ans et plus, les mortalités courantes passant simultanément de 20 à 70 %. Le déséquilibre ainsi crée est favorable au développement des épizooties telles celles provoquées par la maladie des branchies de 1966 à 1969 et par des Iridovirus inconnus en 1970. La production d'un bassin semi-fermé comme celui de Marennes-Oléron est limitée par la capacité trophique du milieu. On aboutit rapidement à une surexploitation d'un tel système.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ostréiculture; Estimation stocks; Biomasse; Croissance; Crassostrea gigas; Bassin de Marennes Oléron; Charente Maritime Dep.
Ano: 1986
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00102/21323/18945.pdf

Optimisation de l'affinage de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas dans les claires ostréicoles du Bassin de Marennes-Oléron : capacité trophique de l'écosystème "claires". Effet d'une complémentation alimentaire en algues "fourrage" sur l'affinage. Ressource trophique et potentiel de croissance. Année 1996
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick; Le Moine, Olivier; Geairon, Philippe; Razet, Daniel; Goulletquer, Philippe; Faury, Nicole; Fouche, Dominique; Gras, Paul.
Traditionnellement pratiqué dans les marais maritimes autour du bassin de Marennes Oléron, l'affinage des huîtres en claires est destiné à améliorer leur qualité tant d'un point de vue organoleptique et engraissement que du durcissement des animaux. Le but recherché est d'obtenir un gain de poids de chair, une augmentation des réserves glucidiques, une saveur particulière, et un renforcement de la coquille. La claire ostréicole constitue par ailleurs une zone de stockage privilégiée du cheptel avant la commercialisation de la production au cours de la deuxième quinzaine du mois de décembre. Le savoir faire empirique des professionnels ne permet pas de pallier la variabilité importante des caractéristiques de ces élevages, assujettis aux variations...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Claires ostréicoles; Huîtres creuses; Crassostrea gigas; Affunage; Zootechnie; Production phytoplanctonique; Ressources trophiques; Marennes Oléron.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00199/31007/29410.pdf

Gamete quality in triploid Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Suquet, Marc; Malo, Florent; Quere, Claudie; Ledu, Christophe; Le Grand, Jacqueline; Benabdelmouna, Abdellah.
Triploidy induction in shellfish aims to obtain faster growth and sterility of reared individuals. Triploid Pacific oysters are most often not totally sterile, but have greatly reduced reproductive capacities compared to those recorded in diploid individuals. The description of gamete output in triploid aquatic animals is most often confined to the assessment of fecundity in females. The present work aims at further describing gamete quality of triploid Pacific oysters and comparing it to values observed in diploid individuals. Diploid and triploid oysters (produced by mating tetraploid males × diploid females) were reared in standard conditions and then transferred to the wild to allow the offspring to attain reproductive maturity. At the end of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Reproduction; Triploidy; Gamete.
Ano: 2016
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00277/38835/37581.pdf

Approche de la capacité trophique d'un écosystème conchylicole
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Heral, Maurice; Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc; Prou, Jean.
After a short bibliographical study of the different approaches for determination of the trophic capacity of a bay for molluscs culture, the authors, with a global mode, show the relations between the growth performance of the oysters Crassostrea gigas in relation with the cultivated stocks. The volumes of consumed and assimilated food are calculated for the stocks in relation with the incoming volumes of water in the bay and the residence time for neap tide and spring tide. The authors find a decrease of growth rate in relation with the volume of consumed food. When it is above 60% and when the volume of assimilated food is above 20%, there is a large decrease of the growth of oysters.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Oysters; Stock assessment; Models; Food consumption; Growth; Biomass; Stock cultivé; Biomasse; Croissance; Modèle; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres; Capacité trophique.
Ano: 1988
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1988/acte-3834.PDF

Rapport d'activité 1989 du Laboratoire National Ecosystèmes Conchylicoles (LEC) - La Tremblade
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Heral, Maurice.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Rapport activité; Conchyliculture; Estimation biomasse; Hydrobiologie; Physiologie; Crassostrea gigas; Modélisation; Bassin de Marennes Oléron.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00077/18838/16413.pdf

RESCO - REseau d'Observations Conchylicoles : Campagne 2012
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Fleury, Elodie; Bedier, Edouard.
Le réseau d’observations conchylicoles RESCO assure, depuis 2009, le suivi de lots sentinelles d'huîtres creuses Crassostrea gigas sur des sites ateliers disposés sur l'ensemble du littoral français. Leur suivi permet d'acquérir des données nationales de croissance et de mortalité, de traduire la dynamique spatio-temporelle des performances d’élevage et ainsi de participer à la compréhension des phénomènes observés. Pour ce faire, des lots sentinelles d’huîtres correspondant à différentes origines (captage ou écloserie, diploïdes ou triploïdes) et à différents stades d’élevage (naissain ou adultes 18 mois) sont déployés simultanément sur 13 sites ateliers représentant les grandes régions conchylicoles du littoral français. En parallèle des suivis de...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Huître creuse; Mortalité; Croissance; Température; Enregistrement haute fréquence; Herpes virus; Vibrio aesturianus; Agent pathogène.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00142/25346/23429.pdf

Niveau de ploïdie des naissains d'huître creuse captés dans les bassins de Marennes Oléron et d'Arcachon. Réseau Biovigilance, campagne 2006
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Grouhel, Stephanie; D'Amico, Florence; Cantin, Christian; Grizon, James; Seugnet, Jean-luc.
Le suivi de la ploïdie du naissain dans les bassins de Marennes Oléron et d'Arcachon a été réalisé par cytométrie en flux. Les échantillons de naissain naturel ont été prélevés sur 3 sites dans chaque bassin et pour un total de 1000 animaux analysés. Les calculs de prévalence montrent que les échantillons utilisés durant cette étude nous permettent de détecter, avec une probabilité de 99 pour cent, toute apparition de polyploïdes. Nos résultats de suivi de ploïdie concluent à l'absence d'animaux polyploïdes dans les deux bassins prospectés. Ils sont donc conformes aux prévisions en la matière et n'apportent aucune raison de modification des pratiques en cours. Cependant, des études concernant la fertilité des triploïdes, la nature de leurs gamètes et de...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Reproduction; Captage; Ploïdie; Crassostrea gigas; Marennes Oléron; Arcachon.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00070/18130/15678.pdf

Introduction de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas en France
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Grizel, Henri.
La production d'huîtres creuses françaises est actuellement supérieure à 100 000 tonnes. Elle est assurée par la culture d'une seule espèce, Crassostrea gigas, élevée dans la plupart des centres ostréicoles. Cette espèce s'est avérée résistante aux différentes maladies qui ont affecté tout d'abord l'huître creuse, Crassostrea angulata (Viroses), puis l'huître plate Ostrea edulis (Marteilia refringens et Bonamia ostreae). Ainsi, malgré toutes les controverses que cette implantation a provoquées, le fait essentiel est que depuis 1970-1971, la profession ostréicole a pu rester active, grâce à la culture de C. gigas, et ce, malgré les nombreux problèmes auquels elle a du faire face.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: France; Introduction; Crassostrea gigas; Huître.
Ano: 1983
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1983/acte-7379.pdf

Apport d'un programme de génétique à une filière de production aquacole : l'exemple de l'ostréiculture
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lapegue, Sylvie; Bedier, Edouard; Goyard, Emmanuel; Degremont, Lionel; Baud, Jean-pierre; Gerard, Andre; Goulletquer, Philippe; Boudry, Pierre.
Two oyster species are currently present along the French coasts : the indigenous European flat oyster (Ostrea edulis), and the Pacific cupped oyster (Crassostrea gigas), that has been introduced from Japan since the beginning of the 70ies. The flat oyster successively suffered from two protozoan diseases during the 60ies and its production decreased from 20 000 tons/year by that time to 1 500 tons/year nowadays. Consequently, the oyster production is principally (99%) based upon the Pacific oyster species with approximately 150 000 tons/year among which 90% are grown from the natural spat. However, the hatchery production of this species is developing and was estimated to 400 to 800 millions spat in 2002. Moreover, strengthened relationships between...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Growth; Selection; Genetic breeding; Genetic; Ostrea edulis; Crassostrea gigas; Oysters; Croissance; Sélection; Amélioration génétique; Génétique; Ostrea edulis; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/acte-3491.pdf

REMONOR. Résultats 2007. Evaluation de la mortalité, croissance et qualité des huîtres
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Ropert, Michel; Pien, S; Mary, Charlotte; Bouchaud, B.
Each year, the regional network REMONOR assesses the mortality, growth and quality of cupped oysters in two age classes ("adults", 2 years old; "juveniles", 1 year old) at various stations in the main oyster farming areas in Normandy. We used the protocol established by the national network REMORA. REMONOR is implemented by the Normandy Environment Resources Laboratory (LERN) in conjunction with the Joint Association for Coastal Fisheries (SMEL). This year, a new station at Fermanville (NC01), in the north of the Manche "département», was integrated into the network. This is the first deep-water station of the regional network....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: REMORA; Quality; Growth; Mortality; Normandy; REMONOR; Cupped (gigas) oyster; Crassostrea gigas; REMORA; Qualité; Croissance; Mortalité; Basse Normandie; REMONOR; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/rapport-4325.pdf

Essais de decontamination des huitres Crassostrea gigas en bassin par renouvellement et circulation de l''eau
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Faury, Nicole; Masson, Daniel; Ratiskol, Jacqueline.
The germs decreasing of artificially contaminated oysters Crassostrea gigas has been studied in experimental tanks similar to a shellfish depuration plant, without any chemical or physical water treatment. The oyster were treated by three different water management pattern, compared to a control tank and the germs decreasing studied by MPN method of fecal Coliforms and Streptococus. As a result: 1) it appaears somewhat difficult to conclude in this first attempt about the most efficient treatment. 2) the most important factor in shellfish depuration working is obviously the physiological activity (and stage) of the animals.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Bivalvia; Methodology; Raceway culture; Recirculating systems; Water management; Oyster fisheries; Marine molluscs; Shellfish; Tanks; Self purification.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-1611.pdf

Environmental stress in the pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas during gametogenesis : role of herbicides?
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Burgeot, Thierry; Quirion, Sophie; Quiniou, Francoise; Knoery, Joel; Soletchnik, Patrick; Gagnaire, Beatrice; Renault, Tristan; Osada, M.; Geret, F.; Communal, P. Y.; Jadas-hecart, A.; Gagne, F.
In the Atlantic French coast, significant mortalities were observed in oyster communities during gametogenesis. These deaths possibly result from the cumulative effects of various stressors such as seasonal temperature variations, pesticide application and the release of contaminants from the resuspension of sediments. A field survey, based on aquaculture conditions at 15 and 70 cm from the sediment bed with genetically-resistant (R) and -sensitive (S) lines, showed a stress condition. Significant weight loss was observed during May 14th through June 10th for both R and S lines. On one hand, the levels of the egg yolk vitellin in females were decreased at May 14th for both R and S lines.  On the other hand, a significant increase in vitellin production was...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mortalities; Herbicides; Sediment; Biomarkers; Gametogenesis; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oysters.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/acte-3384.pdf

Oyster vasa-like gene as a marker of the germline cell development in Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Fabioux, Caroline; Huvet, Arnaud; Lelong, C; Robert, Rene; Pouvreau, Stephane; Daniel, Jean-yves; Mingant, Christian; Le Pennec, M.
The oyster vasa-like gene was previously demonstrated to be specifically expressed in germline cells of adult oysters Crassostrea gigas. In the present study, this gene was used as a molecular marker to establish the developmental pattern of germline cells during oyster ontogenesis. using whole-mount in situ hybridization and real-time PCR. The Oyvlg transcripts appeared to be localized to the vegetal pole of unfertilized oocytes and maternally transmitted to embryos. At early development, these maternal transcripts were observed to segregate into a single blastomere, from the CD macromere of 2-cell stage to the 4d mesentoblast of blastula. From late blastula stage, the mesentoblast divided into two cell clumps that migrated to both sides of the larvae...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Primordial germ cells; Oyster vasa like gene; Germline; Development; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/publication-648.pdf

Etude comparée de deux années de reproduction de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas dans le bassin de Marennes-Oléron : aspects hydrobiologiques
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Berthome, Jean-paul; Razet, Daniel; Garnier, Jacqueline.
The detection of larval oysters emissions and their evolution were studied in 1977 and 1978 and compared within two areas of the Marennes Oleron basin: The Seudre river and the northern part of the basin. In 1977, the earlier fication of spat were noted as soon as July 14th in both areas while in 1978, it had been necessary to wait till the end of August to see the beginning of settling. Hydrobiological datas were correlated one with others, as well as with quantites results of 1978 provide us with correlations indicating the importance of continental inputs.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Reproduction; Larves; Marennes Oléron.
Ano: 1979
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00018/12953/9928.pdf

Infections virales chez les huîtres Crassostrea angulata Lmk. et Crassostrea gigas Th.
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Comps, Michel; Duthoit, Jean-louis.
Two viral infections associated to some epizooties have been observed in Crassostrea angulata Lmk. The first one concerns the Gill disease in which the viral damages go hand in hand with a cellular hypertrophy, while, in the second one, the contaminated cells are associated with a deterioration of the connective tissue. These branchial necrosis associated to a virus have been observed again recently in some Portuguese oysters from the natural deposits of the Cadix (Spain) area. Moreover, the study of the summer mortalities (July 1977) in the oyster Crassostrea gigas Th. demonstrated the presence in this species of a virus of the same type as the one associated to the massive mortalities of the Portuguese oyster. In both cases, the viral morphogenesis takes...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Oyster; Crassostrea gigas; Crassostrea angulata; Pathology; Virus; Huître; Crassostrea gigas; Crassostrea angulata; Pathologie; Virologie.
Ano: 1979
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1979/publication-5922.PDF

Première approche d'une méthode d'estimation prévisionnelle de la production potentielle d'huître creuse C. gigas d'élevage
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Berthome, Jean-paul; Prou, Jean; Razet, Daniel; Garnier, Jacqueline.
In this study~ various spat collectors, factory-made or hand-made are described. Recruiting valuation is realized by calculation of total surface of collectors (aerial photography and sampling method), with modulation by "catching ability" of the different types of collectors. Total mortality and growth are integrated into production valuation. It can be used to determine the relative fluctuations of commercial oyster production after a culture of three years long. In. Marennes-Oleron, the method is used in two test areas for three years with a great variability of catching between 1980 -81 -82.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marennes Oleron basin; Production valuation; Spatfall; Crassostrea gigas; Bassin de Marennes Oléron; Evaluation de la production; Captage; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1984
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1984/publication-2929.pdf

Capacité trophique du bassin de Marennes-Oléron : couplage d'un modèle de transport particulaire et d'un modèle de croissance de l'huître Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bacher, Cedric.
The trophic relationship between a population of cultivated oysters and potential food was modeled in Marennes-Oleron Bay. Coupling the transport process of particulate matter with assimilation by a population of oysters was achieved through a box mode!. Transport between boxes was based on a mass conservation equation. Parameters were derived from volumes of the boxes, tidal movements and residual 110ws between boxes, and were computed from a numerical hydrodynamical model. Consumption, assimilation and respiration terms were put into an energetic budget equation which enabled simulation of growth. A result of the model was the variability of growth along an axis from North to South, which was related to the oysters' accumulated consumption of food....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marennes Oleron Bay; Growth; Energetic budget; Crassostrea gigas; Trophic capacity; Box model; Marennes Oléron; Croissance; Bilan énergétique; Crassostrea gigas; Capacité trophique; Modèle en boîtes.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1989/publication-2882.pdf

Double résistance aux infections dues aux organismes pathogènes Vibrio aestuarianus et OsHV-1 chez l’huître creuse Crassostrea gigas – DORE. Rapport scientifique final de l’étude DORE, convention DPMA-Ifremer 2016
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Degremont, Lionel; Maurouard, Elise; Godfrin, Yoann; Travers, Marie-agnes; Morga, Benjamin; Lamy, Jean-baptiste; Benabdelmouna, Abdellah.
Depuis 2012, le nombre de cas de mortalités d’huîtres creuses adultes (Crassostrea gigas) rapportés dans le cadre des réseaux de surveillance de l’Ifremer, et dans lesquels la bactérie Vibrio aestuarianus a été isolée, a fortement augmenté. Les objectifs de cette étude étaient (1) d’étudier la sensibilité des huîtres C. gigas à une infection à V. aestuarianus pour des lots diploïdes et triploïdes et (2) déterminer la réponse à la sélection pour une meilleure résistance à V. aestuarianus pour des huîtres C. gigas. Neuf stocks ont été utilisés, répartis en trois niveaux de sélection, chacun étant donc répliqué par trois pontes. Pour chaque stock, un lot diploïde (2n), un lot triploïde (3n_chim) produit par la rétention d’un globule polaire, et trois lots...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Vibrio aestuarianus; OsHV-1; Sélection; Résistance; Triploïdes; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Vibrio aestuarianus; OsHV-1; Selective breeding; Disease resistance Pacific oyster; Crassostrea gigas; Triploids.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00404/51530/52140.pdf

Etude des ressources génétiques chez les huîtres creuses
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Boudry, Pierre; Heurtebise, Serge; Lapegue, Sylvie; Lam, Katherine; Mccombie, Helen; Leitao, Alexandra; Gerard, Andre.
L'étude de la variabilité génétique de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas est un point essentiel dans la mise en place de programmes de gestion des ressources génétiques et de sélection chez cette espèce. C. gigas, originaire du Japon, a été introduite dans de nombreuses régions du monde et représente aujourd'hui plus de 95 'ro de la production mondiale d'huîtres. Introduite en France au début des années 1970 pour remplacer l'huître portugaise Crassostrea angulata, c'est aujourd'hui une ressource de première importance pour notre région. Malgré la maîtrise du cycle de reproduction de l'espèce et son importance commerciale, elle n'a pas été génétiquement améliorée et on peut donc considérer les stocks comme « sauvages» ou « non domestiqués ». De plus, la...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Huîtres creuses; Crassostrea gigas; Crassostrea gasar; Variabilité génétique.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00199/31008/29411.pdf

Impact of temperature on larval development and evolution of physiological indices in Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Ben Kheder, Rym; Moal, Jeanne; Robert, Rene.
The effect of four temperatures, ranging between 17 degrees C and 32 degrees C, was studied on development and lipid reserve management of Crassostrea gigas larvae. No effect of temperature was found on larval mortality, as high survival (&gt;90%) was recorded before competence at all temperatures studied. Temperature did, nonetheless, have a strong effect on growth and settlement success. At low temperature (17 degrees C), larvae competent to metamorphose were only observed from day 23 and only a low percentage finally achieved metamorphosis (12%). The opposite was seen at temperatures &gt;= 27 degrees C: larval competence appeared at day 18 and led to high rates of metamorphosis (60-90%). This difference at settlement seemed to be linked to larval...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Larvae; Growth; Metamorphosis; Temperature; Lipids; Physiological indices.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00019/13046/10146.pdf

Characterisation of physiological and immunological differences between Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) genetically selected for high or low survival to summer mortalities and fed different rations under controlled conditions
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Delaporte, Maryse; Soudant, P; Lambert, C; Jegaden, M; Moal, Jeanne; Pouvreau, Stephane; Degremont, Lionel; Boudry, Pierre; Samain, Jean-francois.
Within the framework of a national scientific program named "MORtalites ESTivales de l'huitre creuse Crassostrea gigas" (MOREST), a family-based experiment was developed to study the genetic basis of resistance to summer mortality in the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. As part of the MOREST project, the second generation of three resistant families and two susceptible families were chosen and pooled into two respective groups: "R" and "S". These two groups of oysters were conditioned for 6 months on two food levels (4% and 12% of oyster soft-tissue dry weight in algal dry weight per day) with a temperature gradient that mimicked the Marennes-Oleron natural cycle during the oyster reproductive period. Oyster mortality remained low for the first two...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Summer mortality; Reproduction; Reactive oxygen species ROS; Hemocyte parameters; Genetic selection; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-3578.pdf

Variable microsatellites in the Pacific Oyster Crassostrea gigas and other cupped oyster species
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Huvet, Arnaud; Boudry, Pierre; Ohresser, M; Delsert, Claude; Bonhomme, F.
Source/description : Genomic DNA was extracted from a whole Pacific oyster (C. gigas) after grinding in liquid nitrogen. Purified DNA was then digested by a mix of 3 restriction enzymes (AluI, RsaI, HaeIII). DNA fragments ranging from 250 to 500 bp were size-selected by agarose gel electrophoresis and ligated into the dephosphorylated blunt-ended SmaI-linearised pBKS2 plasmid (Stratagene Cloning System, CA). White colonies (11,500) were screened by hybridisation with double-stranded DNA probes containing dinucleotide repeats. Poly(dAdC), poly(dAdG), poly(dAdT) (Pharmacia Biotech, Sweden) were mixed at equimolar ratio and radiolabelled by [&amp;#61537;-32P] alpha dATP and dCTP using a random priming labelling kit (Life Technologies, Germany). Filter...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Oyster; Microsatellites.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2000/publication-703.pdf

Modeling reproductive traits of an invasive bivalve species under contrasting climate scenarios from 1960 to 2100
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gourault, Melaine; Petton, Sebastien; Thomas, Yoann; Pecquerie, Laure; Marques, Goncalo M.; Cassou, Christophe; Fleury, Elodie; Paulet, Yves-marie; Pouvreau, Stephane.
Identifying the drivers that control the reproductive success of a population is vital to forecasting the consequences of climate change in terms of distribution shift and population dynamics. In the present study, we aimed to improve our understanding of the environmental conditions that allowed the colonization of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, in the Bay of Brest since its introduction in the 1960s. We also aimed to evaluate the potential consequences of future climate change on its reproductive success and further expansion. Three reproductive traits were defined to study the success of the reproduction: the spawning occurrence, synchronicity among individuals and individual fecundity. We simulated these traits by applying an individual-based...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: DEB model; IPCC scenarios; Reproductive traits; Crassostrea gigas; Bay of Brest.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00440/55188/56794.pdf

Reproductive effort of Pacific oysters: A trait associated with susceptibility to summer mortality
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Huvet, Arnaud; Normand, Julien; Fleury, Elodie; Quillien, Virgile; Fabioux, Caroline; Boudry, Pierre.
Summer mortality of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas is the result of a complex interaction between oysters, their environment and their pathogens. The physiological status of an oyster, especially its reproductive status, is suspected to play a significant role in the outcome of this interaction. As genetic variability exists for susceptibility to summer mortality, resistant (R) and susceptible (S) oyster lines were produced using a divergent selection scheme. The present paper reports a histological study on gonad area, which is representative of reproductive effort, in randomly chosen five R and five S oyster lines. The R lines showed a significantly lower gonad area than the S lines (P&lt;0.001). with an estimated mean difference of 12.5%, whereas,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bivalve mollusc; Crassostrea gigas; Reproduction; Selected lines; Summer mortality.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00006/11766/8502.pdf

Croissance et qualité de l'huître ceuse Crassostrea gigas dans le bassin de Thau (Hérault) : Résultats d'une étude réalisée en 1990-1991
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pichot, Paul; Landrein, Sonia; Juge, Claude.
During years 1990-1991, a study was carried ouI in order to precise the relationship between sorne physiological features and the biochemical characteristics of dry flesh and hemolymf of oyster Crassostrea gigas, cultivated in the mediterranean lagoon of Thau. Growth rates and biochemical analysis for proteins, lipids and carbohydrates were estimated. The results of this study are given. They include many other data from a study on trophic relationships developed between 1985-1989.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Méditerranée; Etang de Thau; Crassostrea gigas; Croissance; Composition biochimique; Protides; Lipides; Glucides; Mediterranean; Lagoon of Thau; Crassostrea gigas; Growth; Biochemical composition; Proteins; Lipids; Carbohydrates.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00419/53031/53966.pdf

Impact of intensive larval rearing practices in oyster hatcheries : selective processes and loss of genetic variability (Poster)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Taris, Nicolas; Sauvage, Christopher; Boudry, Pierre.
Early-life history of oysters, like in most marine bivalves, is characterized by high fecundity and low survival rate. In hatcheries, which are ecoming more and more important for the production of juveniles for aquaculture production, rearing conditions are optimised (density, feeding, temperature...), and contrast with those observed in the wild. Additionally, slow growing larvae are culled by sieving.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Juvenile; Genetic variability; Selection; Genetic; Hatcheries; Oyster.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/acte-3444.pdf

Evolutions quantitatives et qualitatives du seston dans une claire à huîtres : relation avec la sédimentation et la biodéposition
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Sornin, Jean-marc; Delmas, Daniel; Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc.
Dans un bassin aquacole fermé (claires à huîtres), l'évolution qualitative et quantitative des matières en suspension subit des variations saisonnières directement liées aux capacité de production planctonique. Ainsi, à la fin du printemps et en été, le réchauffement des eaux s'accompagne d'une augmentation de matière organique importante (jusqu'à 17 mg.1(-1). Pendant cette période, la sédimentation naturelle est supérieure à 350 g.m(-2).j(-1). La biodéposition (fèces + pseudofèces) suit l'évolution des capacités de rétention des huîtres. Dans ce type de bassin fermé, cette capacité est liée à la qualité des matières en suspension. En période estivale, les fortes teneurs en matière organique du seston (entre 5 et 17 mg.1(-1)) dispensent les mollusques...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Oysters; Biodeposition; Sedimentation; Suspension; Particulate organic matter; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres; Biodéposition; Sédimentation; Suspension; Matière organique particulaire.
Ano: 1987
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1987/publication-7309.pdf

Proteomic identification of quality factors for oocytes in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Corporeau, Charlotte; Vanderplancke, Gwenaelle; Boulais, Myrina; Suquet, Marc; Quere, Claudie; Boudry, Pierre; Huvet, Arnaud; Madec, Stephanie.
We used a 2-DE proteomic approach to identify abundant proteins linked to oocyte quality in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, an economically important bivalve. Oocyte quality of 14 females was estimated by recording fertilisation and early developmental success until D-larval stage under controlled conditions. Proteins that were differentially expressed between females showing high or low oocyte quality were identified by nano-liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Twelve up-accumulated spots associated with low quality oocytes revealed 10 distinct proteins, including vitellogenin — breakdown products and metabolic enzymes. Eight up-accumulated spots from high quality oocytes revealed 6 distinct proteins, including chaperone molecules and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marine bivalves; Crassostrea gigas; Oocyte quality; Proteomics.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00098/20925/18534.pdf

Impact of food availability on energy storage and defense related hemocyte parameters of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas during an experimental reproductive cycle
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Delaporte, Maryse; Soudant, P; Lambert, C; Moal, Jeanne; Pouvreau, Stephane; Samain, Jean-francois.
The aim of this study was to test the effect of food quantity on energy storage and defense capacities of oysters during a reproductive cycle. One-year-old Crassostrea gigas oysters were fed two different dietary rations (4% and 12% of oyster dry weight in algal dry weight per day) in controlled experimental conditions over an annual cycle. Oyster dry weights, carbohydrate and lipid contents, energetic adenylate charge, and hemocyte parameters of oysters were significantly affected by reproductive processes related to seasonal temperature variation and, to a lesser extent, by the dietary rations. Energy parameters decreased during gametogenesis as gonads developed then increased during the gonad resorption phase. The additional energy provided to oysters...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Reactive oxygen species production; Reproduction; Phagocytosis; Hemocyte parameters; Energy storage; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-1549.pdf

Molecular and phenotypic characterization of Vibrio aestuarianus subsp francensis subsp nov., a pathogen of the oyster Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Garnier, Matthieu; Labreuche, Yannick; Nicolas, Jean-louis.
Eleven Vibrio isolates invading the hemolymph of live and moribund oysters (Crassostrea gigas) collected in the field and from a hatchery in France, were characterized by a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA, gyrB and toxR genes indicated high homogeneity between these strains and the Vibrio aestuarianus type strain (ATCC35048(T)), and confirmed previous 16S rRNA analysis. In contrast, DNA:DNA hybridization was from 61% to 100%, while phenotypic characters and virulence tests showed a large diversity between the strains. Nevertheless, several common characters allowed the isolates to be distinguished from the reference strain. On the basis of several distinct phenotypic characteristics, it is proposed to establish two subspecies within...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Polyphasic approach; Summer mortalities; Crassostrea gigas; Pathogen; French isolates; Vibrio aestuarianus.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/publication-4961.pdf

Suivi de croissance d'une génération d'huîtres creuses Crassostrea gigas dans le cadre du programme "Genephys 1996-2000"
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Minguez, Xavier.
L'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas a été importée en France à la fin des années 60 suite aux épizooties rencontrées sur l'huître creuse portugaise Crassostrea angulata. Crassostrea gigas s'est largement répandue au cours du siècle dernier et représente aujourd'hui 86% des huîtres cultivées dans le monde. Le programme "GENEPHYS 1996-2000", cofinancé par la CEE et par la Région Poitou-Charentes vise à étudier les traits physiologiques pour établir des relations avec les caractères génétiques et la croissance. L'objectif final étant de pouvoir sélectionner des huîtres en fonction de leurs rendements métaboliques. L'Ifremer de La Tremblade s'est chargée de constituer plusieurs générations d'huîtres creuses Crassostrea gigas afin d'en comparer la croissance....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Génétique; Croisements; Croissance; Mortalité.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00033/14379/11669.pdf

Viral contamination and depuration of oysters under field conditions
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Boher, S; Piclet, Guy; Beril-stien, S; Masson, Daniel; Delonce, R; Biziagos, E; Schwartzbrod, L.
Shellfish consumption is clearly associated with the transmission of enteric viruses. The channel of transmission of enteric viruses to human beings could be decreased particularly if the systems of depuration of shellfish were optimized, standardized and if their viral efficiency was controlled. The purpose of this work was to study the contamination of oysters and to assess the efficiency of several depuration processes. Our study have demonstrated that in some cases, 50% of oysters samples contain enteric viruses or H.A.V. antigen and the quantities of viruses range from 17 to 246 FF for the rotaviruses and from 124 to 200 for the enteroviruses per 100 g of tissue. According to our results, the exclusive use of a bacteriological criterium to determine...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Rotavirus; Hepatitis A virus; Enterovirus; Crassostrea gigas; Bivalvia; Seafood; Bioassays; Cell culture; Viruses; Self purification; Viral diseases; Shellfish.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-1615.pdf

Programme qualité des huîtres creuses Crassostrea gigas en baie de Bourgneuf 2ème année, 1996
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Baud, Jean-pierre; Le Bayon, Nicolas; Palvadeau, Hubert.
Variability of oyster Crassostrea gigas quality was studied in winters 1995 and 1996. Landings per unit of production were estimated using the number of commercialized sanitary certification labels or/and the annual landings declared to the Veterinary Services. 998 oysters from 66 oyster farmers were described accordingly with 15 parameters easily measurable. Maximum variability like in 1995 was expressed by condition indices, macroscopic and morphologic factors. Theses results showed that reproductible and simple factors should described variability of oyster quality in the bay of Bourgneuf. However a new estimation of oyster quality should be involved in winter 1997 to acheive this study
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Variabilité de la qualité; Huîtres creuses; Crassostrea gigas; Baie de Bourgneuf; Vendée; Variability of quality; Cupped oyster; Crassostrea gigas; Bay of Bourgneuf.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00047/15872/13291.pdf

Amélioration de la qualité chez l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas par sélection de souches performantes - Contrat de Plan Etat Région Poitou-Charentes 1994-1998 - Rapport année 1995
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Boudry, Pierre; Naciri, Yamama; Heral, Maurice; Collet, Bertrand; Bougrier, Serge; Geffard, Olivier; Ledu, Christophe; Phelipot, Pascal; Heurtebise, Serge; Gerard, Andre.
Le programme de recherche présenté ci-dessous est le fruit d'une réflexion conjointe entre généticiens et physiologistes afin de mettre sur pied un ensemble d'expériences permettant d'étudier les bases génétiques de la variabilité des caractères impliqués dans la croissance chez l'huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Sélection génétique; Génétique des populations; Croissance; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00044/15518/12905.pdf

Analysis of larval oyster grazing by flow cytometry
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Chretiennot-dinet, Marie-josèphe; Vaulot, Daniel; Galois, Robert; Spano, Anna-maria; Robert, Rene.
The ingestion of 8 algal species by oyster larvae (Crassostrea gigas Thunberg, 1793) was measured by flow cytometry (FCM). In a preliminary experiment, cell size (estimated by light scatter) and chlorophyll fluorescence of 30 algal species were evaluated to select those species which could be mixed together and still be easily discriminated by FCM. Grazing experiments were carried out over 48 h with 6 and 15-day old larvae fed on 3 algal mixtures, each containing 3 different algal species. The concentration of each species was estimated at 0, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h by FCM. Grazing pressure on a given algal species was dependent upon the age of the larvae, the time of the day and the composition of the mixture. Grazing rates of older larvae were about twice...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Oyster larvae; Crassostrea gigas; Grazing; Algae; Selective feeding; Flow cytometry.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00090/20164/17817.pdf

Observations des éléments structuraux intervenant dans les mécanismes de nutrition préingestifs chez l'huître japonaise Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Barille, Laurent.
Recent feeding-physiology experiments have shown that the Japanese oyster Crassostrea gigas was able to operate a selection among inorganic and organic particles before ingestion. However, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Anatomical observations of different structures which may play a raie in the selection processes are brought together and submitted to the actual knowledge on bivalve feeding. The mantle lobes, the ciliary structure of the ordinary filaments, the marginal ventral groove and the labial palps are described.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Nutrition; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres; Ecophysiologie.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1994/publication-3077.pdf

Réseau de suivi de la croissance de l'huître creuse en Bretagne. Synthèse des quatre années 1989 à 1992
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Littaye-mariette, Anne; Mazurie, Joseph.
Since 1989, an homogeneous Crassostrea gigas oyster stock has been distributed once a year on several rearing sites in Brittany (3 populations per site). The main quantitative and qualitative growth descriptors, which reflect water quality effects during the monitoring period, are estimated at the end of each year. The 1989-1992 analysis prompted us to describe various growth responses correlated to biotops: oyster production in open areas influenced by oceanic waters was fairly constant in quality, including size and Polydora sp. infestation. In contrast, oysters in estuarine areas, partly affected by eutrophication (e.g., Aber Benoît, Pen Bé), or with a low carrying capacity, were characterized by weight and Polydora sp. infestation heterogeneity. These...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Polydora; Condition Index; Mortality; Growth; Monitoring; Oyster; Crassostrea gigas; Brittany; Polydora; Indice de condition; Mortalité; Croissance; Réseau; Huître; Crassostrea gigas; Bretagne.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1993/rapport-1639.pdf

Genetic variation and trade-offs for reproduction ans survival in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Boudry, Pierre; Degremont, Lionel; Bedier, Edouard; Pouvreau, Stephane; Normand, Julien; Ernande, Bruno.
To date, the most significant method to genetically reduce reproductive effort in the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) has been through the production of triploids, especially since the development of tetraploid lines allowing the breeding of 'natural' triploids. Gametogenesis of triploid oysters is strongly reduced compared with diploids, although they are not fully sterile and can produce viable gametes and some progenies when crossed with diploids. Reduced reproductive allocation and higher heterozygocity are commonly proposed as the main reasons why triploids often present superior yield compared with diploids. Temperature and food availability are known to favour gametogenesis in triploids, but the existence of genetic variation for this trait...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Selective breeding; Reproduction; Genetic variation; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oyster; Genetic.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/acte-3445.pdf

RESCO - Réseau d'observations Conchylicoles : Campagne 2013
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Fleury, Elodie.
The French network RESCO was developed in 2009, following the widespread mortalities in French oysters stocks of Crassostrea gigas that killed a majority of young cultivated oysters in summer 2008. The main objective of this network was to develop a tool of estimation of the mortalities at national scale, through a standardized monitoring of sentinel oysters In 2013, similar batches of spat and 18 month old oysters from different origins were deployed in thirteen sites located all along the French coasts to measure the spatial and temporal evolution of the mortality and growth rates. At the same time, the program provides a high-frequency recording of environmental parameters and the detection of the main infectious agents associated to the oyster...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Huître creuse; Mortalité; Croissance; Température; Enregistrement haute fréquence; Herpes virus; Vibrio aesturianus; Agent pathogène; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oyster; Mortality; Growth; Temperature; High frequency data acquisition; Herpes virus; Vibrio aestuarianus; Infectious agent.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00197/30851/29212.pdf

Le tri préingestif particulaire chez l'huître Crassostrea gigas et la moule Mytilus edulis
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bougrier, Serge; Heral, Maurice; Hawkins, Andrew; Bayne, Barry.
Using flow cytometry techniques, it is possible to study both the potential impact of filter-feeder bivalves on microalgal communities as well as the changes in the grazed microalgae and the behaviour of these bivalves whose diet is composed of a mixture of different species.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Physiologie; Mytilus edulis; Crassostrea gigas; Tri préingestif.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1997/acte-3252.pdf

Caractérisation sur estran des performances de croissance, maturation et survie des deux-taxons d'huîtres creuses C. gigas et C. angulata, hybrides et "exotiques"
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick; Huvet, Arnaud; Le Moine, Olivier; Razet, Daniel; Geairon, Philippe; Goulletquer, Philippe; Faury, Nicole.
This study presents the zootechnical performances in their natural habitat, the Marennes Oléron Bay, of two Crassostrea gigas and Crassostrea angulata taxons of European and Asian origin, as well as those of their "European" hybrids (6 studied strains). Growth performance seems to be a phenotypic characterisation linked with the maternal origin (c. gigas or C. angulata). The Asian "pure gigas" or "pure angulata" strains' growth performances differ more from those of their European "sisters" than the European taxons with their hybrids. The C. angulata strain, of Taiwanese origin, does not survive the second culture week in the Marennes Oléron Bay. The C. angulata strain seems to "carry" a strong mortality potential. After 6 months of off-bottom culture, the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Survie; Performance croissance; Hybrides; Zootechnie; Crassostrea angulata; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2001/acte-3382.pdf

Contrat de Plan Etat Région Poitou-Charentes 1994-1998. Convention 98 RPC R 7 - Programme Pathologie - Rapport Final année 1998
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Renault, Tristan; Berthe, Franck; Thebault, Anne; Lipart, Cecile; Chollet, Bruno; Cochennec, Nathalie; Haffner, Philippe.
Depuis 1991, des mortalités massives sporadiques sont rapportées, en France, de manière régulière chez des larves et des juvéniles de différentes espèces de mollusques bivalves marins. Certains de ces épisodes de mortalité ont pu être associés à la détection de virus. Ces derniers par leur morphologie, leur cycle de réplication et leur localisation ont été apparentés à la famille des Herpesviridae. Cependant, les outils de diagnostic disponibles jusqu'alors (histologie et microscopie électronique à transmission) n'étaient pas adaptés à l'étude de ces virus du fait de leur manque de spécificité et de la lourdeur de leur mise en oeuvre. Par ailleurs, se posait la question de l'implication des virus détectés dans les phénomènes de mortalité observés. En...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Pathologie; Pathogènes; Virus; Herpès virus; Crassostrea gigas; Diagnostic; Herpesviridae.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00043/15455/12830.pdf

Is pallial mucus involved in Ostrea edulis defenses against the parasite Bonamia ostreae?
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Fernández-boo, Sergio; Gervais, Ophelie; Prado-alvarez, Maria; Chollet, Bruno; Claverol, Stéphane; Lecadet, Cyrielle; Dubreuil, Christine; Arzul, Isabelle.
Bonamia ostreae is an intrahemocytic parasite that has been responsible for severe mortalities in the flat oyster Ostrea edulis since the 1970́s. The Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas is considered to be resistant to the disease and appears to have mechanisms to avoid infection. Most studies carried out on the invertebrate immune system focus on the role of hemolymph, although mucus, which covers the body surface of molluscs, could also act as a barrier against pathogens. In this study, the in vitro effect of mucus from the oyster species Ostrea edulis and C. gigas on B. ostreae was investigated using flow cytometry. Results showed an increase in esterase activities and mortality rate of parasites exposed to mucus from both oyster species. In order to...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bonamia ostreae; Crassostrea gigas; Ostrea edulis; Flow cytometry; Immune response; Proteome.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00594/70602/68795.pdf

Mortalités massives de l'huître creuse - Rapport final du programme de recherche sur l'étude de la cinétique de détection d'agents infectieux associés à des épisodes de mortalités de naissains d'huîtres creuses Crassostrea gigas sur un site ostréicole de Marennes-Oléron (CIDAGINF 2009-2010)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Saulnier, Denis; Pepin, Jean-francois; Guesdon, Stephane; Degremont, Lionel; Faury, Nicole; Haffner, Philippe; Renault, Tristan; Travers, Marie-agnes; Tourbiez, Delphine; Geairon, Philippe; Le Moine, Olivier; Seugnet, Jean-luc; Soletchnik, Patrick.
This study aims to improve understanding of causes of mortalities in oyster Crassostrea gigas in pertuis charentais related to environmental parameters and the kinetics of targeted infectious agents, such as bacteria Vibrio splendidus (group ) and V. aestuarianus and Ostreid herpesvirus OsHV-1. Two sampling campaigns were carried out on the site of Agnas in 2009 and 2010, before, during or following mortality events of spat from March to September. The approach is to detect and quantify in short time step infectious agents from tissues of farmed oysters placed on rack and in various samples taken nearby: native oysters and other species (wild mussels and barnacles), seawater and sediment. With physical and chemical automatic probes placed on the site,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Mortalité; Virus herpès; Vibrions; Environnement; Pertuis Charentais; Pacific oyster; Crassostrea gigas; Mortality; Herpes virus; Vibrios; Environment; Pertuis Charentais.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00058/16920/14400.pdf

REMORA. Résultats nationaux année 1994
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Goyard, Emmanuel.
What is REMORA? REMORA &amp;#8722;REseau MOllusques du département Ressources Aquacoles&amp;#8722; (Aquaculture Resources Department Mollusc Network) is a surveillance network dedicated to the growth of hollow oysters Crassostrea gigas. In the past and in most production areas, observations were made on a regular basis. In 1993, homogenising experimental protocols between the different laboratories involved was decided, as well as using a common initial oyster batch, therefore organizing a network covering all of the French coasts. This network aims at providing, each year, the production's basic characteristics found in main oyster beds (growth reference). It also better characterizes variations and shows potential tendencies.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mortality; France; Network of monitoring; Crassostrea gigas; Growth; Oyster culture.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1995/rapport-1755.pdf

Le déterminisme du sexe de l’huître creuse Crassostrea gigas au cours de son développement et du cycle gamétogénétique adulte : recherche de déterminants moléculaires
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Naimi, Amine.
The pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas is a successive protandric irregular hermaphrodite. The factors involved in the first gonadic differentiation in juveniles and those involved in sex reversal in adults are still unknown. This thesis consisted in the identification of molecular factors of the oyster’s gonadic differentiation during its adult cycle and its development. Thus, the respective orthologs to a DM-family factor and to Foxl2, Cg-DMl and Cg-Foxl2, have been characterized in the oyster by RT-PCR. Their study by real-time PCR, in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, has highlighted a ubiquitous expression of Cg-DMl in potentially proliferating / differentiating cells in the gonads of both sexes. The Cg-Foxl2 expression is specific to the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Différenciation sexuelle; Crassostrea gigas; Mollusques marins; Gamétogenèse; Hermaphrodisme; DMRT; FOXL2; Sex differentiation; Crassostrea gigas; Marin molluscs; Gametogenesis; Hermaphroditism; DMRT; FOXL2.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00012/12291/9080.pdf

The behaviour of F specific bacteriophage in depurating shellfish with reference to their use as pollution indicator organisms
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lees, D; Dore, W.
The behaviour of sex-pilli specific (F+) bacteriophage during the depuration process was investigated using Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) and edible mussels (Mytilus edulis) naturally contaminated with untreated sewage. F+ bacteriophage was eliminated considerably slower than E. coli. This effect was most pronounced in oysters which showed average T90 bacteriophage values of 62.5 hours compared with 11 hours for E. coli. F+ bacteriophage in mussels was largely confined to the digestive tract. The majority of E. coli were similarly located but, in contrast, counts were also distributed throughout the other internal tissues. Investigation of ultra-violet (UV) dosage showed that the difference in depuration rate was unlikely to be due to the higher...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Escherichia coli; Mytilus edulis; Crassostrea gigas; Bivalvia; Indicator species; Marine molluscs; Bacteriophages; Pollution indicators; Marine pollution; Shellfish; Self purification.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-1605.pdf

Le phénomène de l'anauploïdie et sa relation avec la croissance chez l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Leitao, Alexandra; Boudry, Pierre; Mccombie, Helen; Lapegue, Sylvie; Gerard, Andre; Thiriot-quievreux, Catherine.
Cytogenetic abnormalities have often been observed on bivalves on meiosis or mitosis. This is a review of various observations of somatic aneuploidy conducted on different populations of Crassastrea gigas.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Croissance; Aneuploïdie; Huîtres; Génétique; Crassostrea gigas; Cytogénétique.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2001/acte-3280.pdf

Influence de la température sur l'affinage contrôlé de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Baud, Jean-pierre; Mornet, Christelle; Palvadeau, Hubert; Haure, Joel.
L'objectif principal de cette étude est de quantifier l'influence de la température de l'eau d'élevage sur la qualité finale de l'affinage contrôlé de l'huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas. L'expérience, d'une durée de 35 jours est donc basée sur la maîtrlise de la température et de l'apport en nourriture phytoplanctonique. Les paramètres physico-chimiques sont contrôlés quotidiennement dans quatre bacs à températures différentes (6, 10, 14 et 18°C). Le gain en chair est mesuré à l'aide d'indices de condition calculés à partir des poids totaux, secs et frais mesurés toutes les semaines. L'analyse des résultats montre un meilleur affinage à 14°C : A cette température le poids sec de chair est multiplié par 2,7 ; l' indice AFNOR atteint 13,4; les sucres totaux...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Affinage; Eau salée souterraine; Glycogène; Température.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00048/15883/13305.pdf

Obtention de souches conchylicoles performantes par polyploïdisation (4ème partie)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gerard, Andre; Naciri, Yamama; Peignon, Jean-marie; Ledu, Christophe; Phelipot, Pascal; Bodoy, Alain; Heurtebise, Serge; Garnier, Jacqueline; Baud, Jean-pierre; Nourry, Max; Haure, Joel; Martin, Anne-genevieve; Claude, Serge; Barret, Jean; Devauchelle, Nicole; Joly, Jean-pierre; Goulletquer, Philippe; Coatanea, Denis; Oheix, Jocelyne; Zanette, Yvan; Blachier, Philippe.
This fourth part of the polyploidisation program reports the experiments that were conducted in 1992 and that were devoted to : - the acquiring of a new method using an epifluroescent microscope - the development o a new technique for inducing polyploidy - the triploidy induction for the Europena clam Ruditapes decussatus - the settlement of performance controls conducted on diploid and triploid populations of Ostrea edulis - results of performance controls conducted on diploid and triploid populations of Crassostrea gigas and Ruditapes philippinarum
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ruditapes decussatus; Ruditapes philippinarum; Ostrea edulis; Crassostra gigas; Cytongenetics; Polyploidy; Ruditapes decussatus; Ruditapes philippinarum; Ostrea edulis; Crassostrea gigas; Cytogénétique; Polyploïdie.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1993/rapport-3859.PDF

Characterisation and expression of four mRNA sequences encoding glutathione S-transferases pi, mu, omega and sigma classes in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas exposed to hydrocarbons and pesticides
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Boutet, Isabelle; Tanguy, Aurelie; Moraga, Dario.
Hydrocarbon and pesticide pollution in coastal ecosystems can disturb marine bivalve metabolism. In this study, we characterised four full-length cDNA sequences encoding glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. A BLAST X search showed that these four sequences encode GSTs from four different classes: GST pi, sigma, mu and omega. A phylogenetic analysis of GST was made to determine the position of oyster GST compared to invertebrate and vertebrate sequences. We developed a semi-quantitative, multiplex RT-PCR to follow the expression of these four GSTs in tissues of oysters exposed to hydrocarbons and two pesticide treatments ( glyphosate and a mixture composed of atrazine, diuron and isoproturon) under experimental...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Gene expression; Multiplex RTPCR; Pesticides; Hydrocarbons; CDNA sequences; Glutathione S transferases.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/publication-431.pdf

Amylase polymorphism affects growth in the cupped oyster Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Huvet, Arnaud; Samain, Jean-francois; Boudry, Pierre; Bedier, Edouard; Ropert, Michel; Van Wormhoudt, A.
The better understanding of physiological and environmental factors that determine optimal food conversion efficiencies is of major interest for the cupped oyster Crassostrea gigas for which the strong increase of aquaculture has been correlated in France with a decrease in productivity due to competition between aquatic species for limited food supplies at grow-out sites. To investigate the non-neutrality of the polymorphism of amylase, a key enzyme for carbohydrate assimilation, in oyster physiology, we report in the present paper the growth and survival measurement of amylase genotypes within five bi-parental C. gigas families, bred to be polymorph at the two PCR-RFLP amylase markers, and reared over one year under standard culture conditions in two...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Amylase markers; Growth; Amylase Polymorphism; Genetic; Oysters; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/acte-3311.pdf

First detection of OsHV-1 in the cephalopod Octopus vulgaris. Is the octopus a dead-end for OsHV-1?
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Prado-alvarez, Maria; García-fernández, Pablo; Faury, Nicole; Azevedo, Carlos; Morga, Benjamin; Gestal, Camino.
The ostreid herpes virus (OsHV-1), associated with massive mortalities in the bivalve Crassostrea gigas, was detected for the first time in the cephalopod Octopus vulgaris. Wild adult animals from a natural breeding area in Spain showed an overall prevalence of detection of 87.5% between 2010 and 2015 suggesting an environmental source of viral material uptake. Overall positive PCR detections were significantly higher in adult animals (p = 0.031) compared to newly hatched paralarvae (62%). Prevalence in embryos reached 65%. Sequencing of positive amplicons revealed a match with the variant OsHV-1 µVar showing the genomic features that distinguish this variant in the ORF4. Gill tissues from adult animals were also processed for in situ hybridization and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Octopus vulgaris; Crassostrea gigas; OsHV-1; Gene expression; In situ hybridization.
Ano: 2021
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00680/79201/81700.pdf

Différenciation génétique de deux huîtres creuses Crassostrea gigas et Crassostrea angulata : apport des marqueurs microsatellites
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Huvet, Arnaud.
Les définitions taxonomiques de Crassostrea angulata et Crassostrea gigas font l'objet de controverses. Les similitudes morphologiques et physiologiques ainsi que l'homogénéité des fréquences allozymiques entre populations des deux taxons orientent les auteurs vers un regroupement au sein d'une seule espèce. Récemment, une étude basée sur l'analyse par RFLP de l'ADN mitochondrial a révélé des différences permettant de distinguer C. angulata et C. gigas. La caractérisation par 4 marqueurs microsatellites de 12 populations des 2 taxons révèlent les points suivants : des déficits en hétérozygotes sont observés dans l'ensemble des populations, l'analyse de la variabilité inter-populations montre l'existence d'une structuration, l'analyse des distances...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Crassostrea angulata; Microsatellites; Différenciation.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00033/14377/11667.pdf

REseau MOllusques des Rendements Aquacoles huitre creuse (REMORA) ; résultats des stations NATIONALES ; Année 2004
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Fleury, Pierre-gildas; Simonne, Charlotte; Claude, Serge; Palvadeau, Hubert; Guilpain, Patrice; D'Amico, Florence; Le Gall, Patrik; Vercelli, Catherine; Pien, C.
The network REMORA by IFREMER quarterly follows each year 2 batches of Pacific cupped oysters Crassostrea gigas ("juveniles"= 1 year old; and "adults" = 2 years old) on various sites among the main French oyster areas. The network monitored 46 sites in 2004, including the 7 new sites added in 2003. The network REMORA thus assess seasonal survival, growth and quality of cupped oysters. It is a tool for trend estimations, ecosystem management and a reference frame for scientific studies. Globally speaking, the year 2004 was a good year for oyster farming, with a low mortality and a fast growth. The rearing yield (survival x growth) reached 2.0 for adults instead of 1.8 usually. However, the meat index remained close to the average inter annual data....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Polydora; Quality; Growth; Mortality; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific Cupped oyster; France; REMORA; Polydora; Qualité; Croissance; Mortalité; Crassostrea gigas; Huître creuse; France; REMORA.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/rapport-2413.pdf

Déterminisme de la croissance de l'huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas, en Bretagne : Méthodologie d'élaboration d'un modèle global.
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Dormoy, Jean-marc.
Based on a four years survey of Pacific Oyster Crassostrea gigas growth in the main shellfish farming areas of Brittany from 1989 to 1992, this report is a first attempt to explain the differences between sites and years. The determinist growth models do not suit to this objective, for methodological and practical reasons. Nevertheless, they provide the conceptual basis of a global model by identifying the reliable environmental parameters for a statistical explanation of growth results. The present study proposes a methodology for a global statistical model using the main stages of the ecological and biological processes of shellfish growth. These propositions are based on the analysis of the determinist model's constraints, and also on the identification...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Croissance; Environnement; Modèle I(lobal; REMORA; Cupped oyster; Crassostrea Gigas; Growth; Environment; Global model; REMORA.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00122/23346/21172.pdf

Persistence of atrazine impact on aneuploidy in the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bouilly, Karine; Mccombie, Helen; Leitao, Alexandra; Lapegue, Sylvie.
Aneuploidy is the alteration of the normal diploid chromosome number. In the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, hypodiploid aneuploid cells have regularly been reported as has a negative correlation between this phenomenon and growth and evidence for a genetic basis. We previously demonstrated a positive relationship between a pollutant, atrazine, and aneuploidy in Crassostrea gigas adults and juveniles. To evaluate the persistence of this impact, the present study focused on a sample of the same juveniles exposed to different atrazine treatments (0.01 mg/l which represents a peak value found in a polluted environment and 0.1 mg/l) for three and a half months and evaluated them for aneuploidy after another two and a half months in non polluted conditions....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Genetic; Pollutant persistence; Oyster culture; Marine molluscs; Herbicides; Cultured organisms; Chromosomes.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/acte-3344.pdf

Le réseau REMORA de suivi de la croissance des huîtres creuses Crassostrea gigas ; analyse des premières tendances (1993-98) en Bretagne.
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Fleury, Pierre-gildas; Goyard, Emmanuel; Mazurie, Joseph; Claude, Serge; Bouget, Jean-francois; Langlade, Aime; Le Coguic, Marie-jo.
The network IFREMER/REMORA has watched every year, since 1993, from February to December, mortality, growth and quality criteria of two oyster class-size ("juveniles" of the first-year c1ass and "adults" of the second year c1ass), distributed among various stations of the French oyster areas. This has provided a quite standard and simple annual assessment of the rearing results, generally tallied with professional observations. From year to year, data series have been obtained, from which mean values (references), chronological trends or spatial differences can be analysed. Results in Brittany, from 1993 to 1998, show that, in a "normal" year, 30 g oysters grow to 60-80 g at the end of the year, with a mortality rate of 10-15%. Mortality occures mainly in...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: REMORA; Bretagne; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Mortalité; Croissance; Qualité; Polydora; REMORA; Brittany (France); Gigas oyster; Crassostrea gigas; Mortality; Growth; Quality; Polydora.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00113/22386/20081.pdf

Population genomics shed light on the demographic and adaptive histories of European invasion in the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Rohfritsch, Audrey; Bierne, Nicolas; Boudry, Pierre; Heurtebise, Serge; Cornette, Florence; Lapegue, Sylvie.
Crassostrea gigas originated from the Pacific coast of Asia, but was introduced into several European countries in the early 1970s. Natural populations have now spread across the length of the western seaboard of Europe. To elucidate the demographic and selective processes at play during this rapid expansion, genome-scan analysis was performed on different populations. High diversities and low differentiation were observed overall, but significant genetic differentiation was found among newly established populations and between the newly established northern group and a nearly panmictic group composed of southern European populations and a population from Japan. Loss of genetic diversity was also seen in the north, likely caused by founder events during...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: AFLPs; Crassostrea gigas; Genome scan; Invasive species; Microsatellites; SNPs.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00149/25977/24070.pdf

Influence du temps d'immersion sur l'activité reproductrice et sur la croissance de la palourde japonaise Ruditapes philippinarum et l'huître japonaise Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Goulletquer, Philippe; Lombas, Ines; Prou, Jean.
Pour étudier l'influence du temps d'immersion sur deux espèces cultivées, la palourde japonaise Ruditapes philippinarum et l'huître japonaise Crassostrea gigas, un suivi saisonnier de croissance est réalisé à 3 niveaux d'émersion (12%, 29% et 46%) sur l'estran du bassin de Marennes-Oléron. Des différences interspécifiques apparaissent : une prise de poids de coquille hivernale chez Crassostrea gigas, un arrêt étant observé en période automnale pour Ruditapes philippinarum. Par ailleurs l'émission des gamètes est plus précoce (août) et proportionnellement plus importante pour Crassostrea gigas que pour Ruditapes philippinarum (septembre). Les performances de croissance, la prise de poids ainsi que la distribution des populations des deux espèces sont...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Effort de reproduction; Temps d'immersion; Ruditapes philippinarum; Crassostrea gigas; Reproductive effort; Immersion time; Ruditapes phi Lippinarum; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1987
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00112/22374/20054.pdf

Croissance de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas dans le bassin de Marennes-Oléron de 1987 à 1998
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Moine, Olivier; Geairon, Philippe.
This report aims to study the oyster Crassostrea gigas growth and production over a 12 years time's span in the Bay of Marennes Oleron. Results of 12 years of oyster growth did not show any significant oyster biological productivity decrease, nor trend. In contrast, annual growth showed a large variability, which will be correlated with environmental conditions. Moreover, annual growth variability was greater than the variability due to site location, but the Ronce experimental site. The later, located in the south west part of the Bay of Marennes Oleron, has been the leading oyster growth site since 1989. The annual shell growth variability was greater than oyster dry meat weight fluctuation. Both 1990 and 1991 years were characterized by the largest...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marennes Oleron bay; Crassostrea gigas; Monitoring network; Oyster growth and production; Marennes Oléron; Crassostrea gigas; Réseau de surveillance; Production; Croissance.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2000/rapport-1588.pdf

Strategy of researches on marine bivalve defense mechanisms
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bachere, Evelyne; Mialhe, Eric; Noel, Thierry; Boulo, Viviane; Hervio, Dominique; Le Gall, Ghyslaine; Morvan, Annie.
Because of the impact of infectious diseases in marine mollusc aquaculture, research has been initially developed in pathology in term of epidemiology and diagnosis. The establishment of basic techniques for in vitro and in vivo studies of host/pathogen interactions and the progresses in the field of cellular and molecular biology have permitted to undertake researches in immunology. Parallel to fundamental interest in understanding defense mecanisms of molluscs against pathogens, applications may be expected for resistant strains obtained by genetic engineering.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Defense mechanisms; Hosts; Immunology; Pathogens; Crassostrea gigas; Mytilus edulis.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00038/14884/12207.pdf

Eléments azotés de la colonne d'eau et de l'interface eau-sédiment du bassin de Marennes-Oléron : influence des cultures d'huîtres
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Feuillet-girard, Michelle; Heral, Maurice; Sornin, Jean-marc; Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc; Robert, Jean-michel; Mornet, Francoise; Razet, Daniel.
The respective influences of the sediment and of oyster (Crassostrea gigas) farming on the accumulation and the recycling of different forms of organic and inorganic nitrogen are described. Fluxes of dissolved inorganic and organic forms of nitrogen were studied between the water column, the water overlying the sediment and the pore waters, while for particulate forms the fluxes were studied between suspended material, the "biodeposits" (faeces and pseudofaeces of Crassostrea) and the sediment. The flux of inorganic nitrogen amounts to 10.5 106 g.m(-2). Yr(-1), while that of organic nitrogen is half this figure. The particulate flux is 15.106 g.m(-2).yr(-1). On the other hand, the phytoplanktonic nitrogen accounts for only 6% of the total particulate...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marenne Oleron; Sediment; Pore water; Interface; Crassostrea gigas; Nitrogen; Marennes Oléron; Sédiment; Eau interstitielle; Adsorption; Interface; Crassostrea gigas; Azote.
Ano: 1988
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1988/publication-2878.pdf

Ressources génétiques chez l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas : variabilité, différenciation et adaptation aux conditions de production en Charente-Maritime - Année 1999
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Huvet, Arnaud.
Dans ce présent travail, nous proposons d' étudier la variabilité génétique de populations d' huîtres creuses C. Gigas au niveau mondial à l'aide de ces nouveaux marqueurs moléculaires. La reconnaissance de populations génétiquement distinctes étant désormais possible, les performances de certaines de ces populations dans les conditions locales d' élevage sont comparées. L'objectif sera ici d'identifier des populations plus performantes que celle actuellement en élevage. Pendant toute la durée du programme, la profession ostréicole représentée par la Section Régionale de la Conchyliculture de Marennes-Oléron sera tenue informée de l'évolution des résultats.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Marqueur génétique; Croisement génétique; Huîtres creuses; Crassostrea gigas; Crassostrea angulata.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00044/15562/12950.pdf

Cellular and molecular hemocyte responses of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, following bacterial infection with Vibrio aestuarianus strain 01/32
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Labreuche, Yannick; Lambert, Christophe; Soudant, Philippe; Boulo, Viviane; Huvet, Arnaud; Nicolas, Jean-louis.
The strategies used by bacterial pathogens to circumvent host defense mechanisms remain largely undefined in bivalve molluscs. In this study, we investigated experimentally the interactions between the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) immune system and Vibrio aestuarianus strain 01/32, a pathogenic bacterium originally isolated from moribund oysters. First, an antibiotic-resistant V. aestuarianus strain was used to demonstrate that only a limited number of bacterial cells was detected in the host circulatory system, suggesting that the bacteria may localize in some organs. Second, we examined the host defense responses to V. aestuarianus at the cellular and molecular levels, using flow-cytometry and real-time PCR techniques. We showed that hemocyte...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Oyster; Pathogenesis; Vibrio aestuarianus; Bivalve immunity.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-2182.pdf

Modélisation des écosystèmes conchylicoles : bassin de Marennes-Oléron - Rapport de fin de Contrat
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Heral, Maurice; Bacher, Cedric; Razet, Daniel; Prou, Jean; Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc; De Pontual, Helene; Raillard, Olivier; Ravail, Brigitte; Maestrini, Serge; Mornet, Francoise; Menesguen, Alain; Sautour, Benoit; Robert, Jean-michel.
Les termes du contrat passé entre le Fond de la Recherche et de la Technologie et l'IFREMER précisent qu ele programmer a pour objectif une gestion rationnelle du milieu conchylicole avec notamment une mise au point de modèles (voir notification de l'aide en annexe). Un premier modèle appelé modèle global par analogie avec les modèles de pêche met en évidence la limite de la capacité trophique du bassin de Marennes-Oléron pour les huîtres cultivées. Un modèle analytique avec un modèle physique simple permet dans un premier temps de développer un modèle de croissance des huîtres en fonction de la nourriture disponible et d'effectuer des simulations qui confirment l'influence du stock sur les performances de croissance des bivalves. Un troisième approche...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Modélisation; Production; Biomasse; Huîtres creuses; Crassostrea gigas; Capacité biotique; Bassin de Marennes Oléron.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00048/15904/13332.pdf

Evidence of herpesvirus (OsHV-1) resistance in juvenile Crassostrea gigas selected for high resistance to the summer mortality phenomenon
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Degremont, Lionel.
During the MOREST project (2001–2006), oyster summer mortality was extensively investigated in Crassostrea gigas in France. However, significant increases in magnitude and geographic distribution of summer mortality episodes have been reported since 2008. This paper investigates the response to selection for survival, which was successfully performed between 2001 and 2003, in this new context. It also examines the relationship between the mortality and the three pathogens Vibrio aestuarianus, V. splendidus and the Ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1). Three batches of juvenile (6-month-old) Crassostrea gigas were produced in February 2009 and tested in the field in the Marennes-Oléron Bay during summer (August and September) 2009: one control batch, one batch...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Summer mortality; Crassostrea gigas; Disease resistance; Ostreid herpesvirus; Vibrio sp; Oyster.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00033/14472/11770.pdf

Evolution of oyster aquaculture : problems and perspectives
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Heral, Maurice.
The total marine molluscs produced by aquaculture had increased from 1984 to 1990 by 1 000 000 tons going from 1 993 985 tons to 2 964 688 tons. The oyster production remained constant with 870 000 tons. Crassostrea gigas, the Japanese oyster, represented more than 80 % of the oyster production but high mortalities appeared in different countries connected to end of winter and summer mortalities and development of new diseases. The cultivation of Crassostrea virginica, the American oyster, was limited (80 000 tons) by the spreading of two diseases (MSX and dermo) destruction of habitat and over-exploitation. Production of the fiat oyster Ostrea eduIis was still very limited by the presence of the Bonamia diseases in a11 the countries except on...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ostrea edulis; Crassostrea virginica; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres; Culture; Production; Ostréiculture.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1993/acte-3067.pdf

Influence of oyster farming Crassostrea gigas on the phosphate cycle in an intertidal zone : the role of biodeposition
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Sornin, Jean-marc; Feuillet, Michelle; Heral, Maurice; Fardeau, Jean-claude.
Some aspects of the phosphorus cycle were studied in the estuarine bay of Marennes, Oléron, an area of intensive cultivation of Crassostrea gigas on the west coast of France. The annual cycle of dissolved phosphorus (mineral and organic) in the water column, interstitial water and at the sediment-water interface was followed, as well as the particulate phosphorus (total and assimilable) in sediments and in suspension. A comparison of the seasonal variations in these different forms of phosphorus in the suspended matters shows a deficit in "biodeposits" (sedimented faeces and pseudofaeces from Crassostrea gigas) equivalent to 20 mg.m -2.d -1 for assimilable phosphorus in July and September-October. This may be the result of consumption by the oysters, since...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Phosphore; Crassoslrea gigas; Biodéposition; Dilution isotopique; Marennes-Oléron; Phosphorus; Crassostrea gigas; Biodeposition Isotopic; Dilution; Marennes-Oléron.
Ano: 1986
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1986/publication-2973.pdf

Vibrio aestuarianus zinc metalloprotease causes lethality in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas and impairs the host cellular immune defenses
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Labreuche, Yannick; Le Roux, Frederique; Henry, Joel; Zatylny, Celine; Huvet, Arnaud; Lambert, Christophe; Soudant, Philippe; Mazel, Didier; Nicolas, Jean-louis.
Extracellular products (ECPs) of the pathogenic Vibrio aestuarianus 01/32 were previously reported to display lethality in Crassostrea gigas oysters and to cause morphological changes and immunosuppression in oyster hemocytes. To identify the source of this toxicity, biochemical and genetic approaches were developed. ECP protease activity and lethality were shown to be significantly reduced following incubation with metal chelators, suggesting the involvement of a zinc metalloprotease. An open reading frame of 1836 bp encoding a 611-aa metalloprotease (designated yam) was identified. The deduced protein sequence showed high homology to other Vibrio metalloproteases reported to be involved in pathogenicity. To further confirm the role of this enzyme in ECP...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Vibrio aestuarianus; Metalloprotease; Crassostrea gigas; Oyster; Hemocytes; Extracellular products.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00015/12649/9588.pdf

Contributions du Laboratoire Conchylicole de Poitou-Charente au défi MOREST en 2002. Thématique "Ecologie côtière"
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick; Le Moine, Olivier; Faury, Nicole; Guilpain, Patrice; Geairon, Philippe; Razet, Daniel; Madec, Patrick; Robert, Stephane; Taillade, Sylvie; Doner, Anne.
This report presents results obtained by the LCPC in coastal Ecology. The contributions of the LCPC, as partner associated with the genetic studies, do not appear in this report. This report is divided in 5 parts of differing importance :  • Task 2.2.3. A "multi-disciplinary study of the DYNAmics of estival mortalities of Crassostrea gigas in the Marenne - Oléron Basin (Dynamo-2002)"; study developed and directed by the LCPC after the “plat-table” C. gigas mortality model in the Marennes- Oleron Basin.  • Task 2.3 . "Influence of autumn and winter conditions on the maturation of parents (phase 1) and on the survival of their offspring (phase 2) (Gegen). Action directed by the LCPC.  • Task 2.2.1. " Dynamics of mortality, reproduction and spawning....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: MOREST; Crassostrea gigas; Mortalité; Ecologie côtière; MOREST; Crassostrea gigas; Mortality; Coastal Ecology.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00164/27549/25714.pdf

Approches cellulaires et moléculaires de la gestion des réserves chez l’huître, Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg, 1793). Suivi saisonnier du métabolisme énergétique et effet du niveau trophique sur la mise en réserve
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Hanquet, Anne-caroline.
In the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, the energy necessary for general metabolism and gametogenesis is mainly provided by the glycogen stored in the vesicular cells. The first level of glycogen metabolism control is the entrance of glucose into cells. The monitoring of the uptake capacity of [U-14C] D-glucose revealed the existence of a saturable component with kinetic constants: Km = 0.71 mM ; Vmax = 0.22 nmol/h/106cells. The use of inhibitors has revealed the presence of carriers belonged to GLuT and SGLT types. A follow-up showed a seasonal variation of the uptake capacity and incorporation of glucose into glycogen, and a high expression of SGLT during mobilization of glycogen and gametes maturation. A bioassay in a controlled rearing system has...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Glucides métabolisme; Glucose; Reproduction; Cryoconservation; Crassostrea gigas; Carbohydrate metabolism; Glucose; Reproduction; Cryoconservation.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00013/12399/9185.pdf

Influence de la densite et de l'age des huitres japonaises (Crassostrea gigas ) sur la croissance et la composition biochimique en bassins de terre
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bodoy, A; Geiaron, P; Garnier, Jacqueline; Heurtebise, S.
Two different biomasses (100 g multiplied by m super(-2) and 1 kg multiplied by m super(-2)) of oysters were put in identical sea-water ponds, thus leading to different trophic conditions, corresponding to rearing techniques. Changes in growth, biochemical composition and sexual maturation were recorded for two age groups. The first one included 9 month-old oysters and the second one 21 month-old oysters, at the beginning of the experiment. For both age groups, significant differences were observed in growth and biochemical composition. Lipids were accumulated faster for the lower biomass. However, the only difference concerning glycogen was observed on the older oysters. They showed a peak at the lowest biomass and a decrease at the larger biomass. Sexual...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Bivalvia; Sea water; Oyster culture; Glycogen; Age; Chemical composition; Lipids; Biochemistry; Sexual maturity; Rearing; Pond culture; Biomass; Growth; Density.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-916.pdf

Microsatellite analysis of 6-hour-old embryos reveals no preferential intraspecific fertilization between cupped oysters Crassostrea gigas and Crassostrea angulata
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Huvet, Arnaud; Balabaud, K; Bierne, Nicolas; Boudry, Pierre.
Experimental examination of reproductive isolation is the first step in understanding li,hybridization processes. Here, we studied preferential fertilization between 2 cupped oyster taxa, Crassostrea angulata and Crassostrea gigas, as a potential prezygotic reproductive isolation. Early examination of sperm competition is now possible by molecular analysis of oyster embryos. This avoids the confounding effect of differential mortality during the larval stage. Six hundred embryos were sampled from 2 crosses. Three microsatellite loci were enough to determine without ambiguity the taxa of contributing sires of embryos. No evidence of preferential fertilization between gametes from the same taxa was shown. A significantly higher contribution of the C. gigas...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Paternal contribution; Microsatellites; In vitro crossings; Hybridization; Crassostrea angulata; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2001/publication-436.pdf

Alien species alert: Crassostrea gigas (Pacific oyster)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Miossec, Laurence; Le Deuff, Rose-marie; Goulletquer, Philippe.
The Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas, Thunberg, 1793) is one of 20 species in the genus Crassostrea. Although native to the Japan/Korea region, C. gigas is a hardy species that has been introduced to a number of countries worldwide, including the US, Canada, the UK, France, Korea, China, New Zealand, Australia, South Africa, and South America, mainly for aquaculture purposes (Mann et al., 1991; Orensanz et al., 2002). As a result, C. gigas has become the leading species in world shellfish culture, with an estimated production of 4.6 million t in 2006 (FAO, 2008). Because C. gigas does not require additional food to sustain its growth, this species is relatively inexpensive and easy to produce. Its capacity to adapt to various environmental conditions and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Transfer; Alien species; Distribution; Introduction; Bivalvia; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oyster.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/rapport-6945.pdf

Bases biologiques de la production de deux Mollusques d'intérêt économique: reproduction chez Megathura crenulata, reproduction et développement chez Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Cannuel, Rozenn.
The reproductive cycle of Megathura crenulata was documented and quantification of oocyte lipid reserves with lipo-specific stains was explored in both this species and in Crassostrea gigas.  The necessity of providing food to female broodstock C. gigas in spring was re-evaluated, because subsequent larval and post-larval rearing performance was not affected by broodstock starvation during conditioning.  Developmental study of the organs responsible of particle processing in C. gigas allowed the identification of critical stages related to the ontogenesis of each organ, as well as a better understanding of the evolution of these organs, highly-modified in the Ostreidae. Ciliary type identification and mucocyte mapping from post-larval to adult stage showed...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mucocytes; Mantle; Gill; Larvae postlarvae juveniles; Feeding; Crassostrea gigas; Megathura crenulata; Development; Reproduction; Mucocytes; Manteau; Branchie; Larves post larves juvéniles; Alimentation; Crassostrea gigas; Megathura crenulata; Développement; Reproduction.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/these-1371.pdf

A flow cytometric approach to study intracellular-free Ca2+ in Crassostrea gigas haemocytes
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Aton, Emilie; Renault, Tristan; Gagnaire, Beatrice; Thomas Guyon, Hélène; Cognard, C; Imbert, N.
Bivalve haemocytes are essential in defence mechanisms including phagocytosis. They also produce molecules including hydrolytic enzymes and antimicrobial peptides that contribute to pathogen destruction. Although haemocyte activities have been extensively studied, relatively little is known about the intracellular signalling pathways that are evoked during haemocyte activation and especially the role of calcium.   Flow cytometry has been used for the first time to define the effect of cell incubation in haemolymph and artificial sea water (ASW) on Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, haemocytes. Cell viability, enzymatic activities (esterases and amino peptidases), phagocytosis and granulocyte percentage were analysed. Viability and some activities were...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Cellular activities; Fluo 3/AM; Calcium; Flow cytometry; Haemocytes; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-935.pdf

Niveau de ploïdie des naissains d'huître creuse captés dans les bassins de Marennes Oléron et d'Arcachon. Réseau Biovigilance, campagne 2008
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Benabdelmouna, Abdellah; Hubert, Mathias; Cantin, Christian; D'Amico, Florence; Grizon, James; Seugnet, Jean-luc.
Le suivi de la ploïdie du naissain capté dans les deux principaux bassins de captage que sont Marennes Oléron et d'Arcachon a été réalisé par cytométrie en flux . Les échantillons de naissain naturel ont été prélevés sur 3 sites dans chaque bassin et pour un total de 1002 animaux analysés. En tenant compte de notre échantillonnage, nos résultats de suivi de ploïdie concluent à l 'absence d'animaux polyploïdes. triploïdes ou tétraploïdes, captés dans les deux bassins prospectés. Ces résultats sont conformes aux prévisions en la matière et n'apportent donc aucune raison de modification des pratiques en cours dans la filière ostréicole triploïde. Cependant, pour la deuxième année consécutive, les deux bassins de captage que sont Marennes Oléron et Arcachon...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Reproduction; Captage; Ploïdie; Aneuploïdie; Marennes Oléron; Arcachon; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00070/18131/15679.pdf

Relative importance of family, site, and field placement timing on survival, growth, and yield of hatchery-produced Pacific oyster spat (Crassostrea gigas)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Degremont, Lionel; Bedier, Edouard; Soletchnik, Patrick; Ropert, Michel; Huvet, Arnaud; Moal, Jeanne; Samain, Jean-francois; Boudry, Pierre.
Summer mortality has been reported in the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, for many years in different parts of the world. The causes of this phenomenon are complex. The multidisciplinary program "MOREST", coordinated by IFREMER, was initiated to understand the causes of summer mortality of Crassostrea gigas juveniles in France and to reduce its impact on oyster production. Within this program, three successive groups of bi-parental families were bred in a hatchery in 2001 and placed in the field during summer in three sites (Ronce, Riviere d'Auray, and Baie des Veys). This paper reports the relative importance of family, site and field placement timing for three characters of major importance for oyster production: survival, growth, and yield. At the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Juvenile; Crassostrea gigas; Oysters; Yield; Growth; Survival.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/publication-1693.pdf

Adsorption sur charbon actif pour une amélioration de la qualité de l’eau en aquaculture – ADAQUA. Application aux écloseries conchylicoles
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Stavrakakis, Christophe; Dupuy, Beatrice; Hequet, Valerie.
En ecloserie conchylicole, comme dans le milieu ouvert, une bonne qualite dfeau est indispensable aux differentes etapes des elevages, de la fecondation jusqu'a la fixation du naissain. Or, malgre les traitements mis en place en amont des differents etablissements du polder de Bouin (filtration fine et desinfection par rayonnements Ultra-Violets), la non-atteinte du stade de larves D dans les ecloseries dfhuitres ou le mauvais developpement des larves en elevage ont pu etre constates depuis 2008, parfois de facon simultanee dans plusieurs etablissements. Ceci reflete une deterioration ponctuelle de la qualite de lfeau. Une pollution de type biologique ayant pu etre ecartee, lfinfluence dfune contamination chimique sur ces dereglements est suspectee....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Élevage larvaire; Contamination chimique; Adsorption sur charbon actif; Capteurs passifs.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00416/52765/53628.pdf

Hybridization and morphological differences between the two closely related oyster taxa Crassostrea angulata and C. gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Batista, Frederico; Fonseca, Vera; Ben-hamadou, Radhouan; Taris, Nicolas; Henriques, Maria; Boudry, Pierre.
Unlike in some crops, no large heterotic effects have been observed in most farmed animals. Interestingly, significant hybrid vigour for some traits has been reported in the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. Crossbreeding between closely related taxa can be seen as an efficient way to exploit the dominance component of the genetic variance of a trait. Factorial crosses between the Portuguese oyster C. angulata (from Sado estuary, Portugal) and C. gigas (from Seudre estuary, France) were done to evaluate the aquaculture potential of hybrids. Juveniles of the different progenies were reared in Ria Formosa (Portugal) under usual farming conditions. The genetic confirmation of all progenies was done using mitochondrial and nuclear markers in order to detect...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Hybridization; Crassostrea angulata; Crassostrea gigas; Genetic; Oyster.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/acte-3429.pdf

Microsatellite-based parentage analysis of factorial crosses in Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) larvae and spat
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Taris, Nicolas; Sauvage, Christopher; Ernande, Bruno; Boudry, Pierre.
Several studies have suggested that significant genetic variability might exist for some early developmental traits in the Pacific oyster, C. gigas. However, most studies have examined only limited numbers of families.  More critically, these families were rarely replicated, leading to possible bias due to heterogeneous larval rearing conditions among families. To overcome these potential problems, we used a mixed-family approach with subsequent parentage analysis. A recently developed set of three multiplexed microsatellite markers was used to determine parentage in a complete factorial cross between 12 males and 4 females. Larvae were reared at two different temperatures (20 and 26°C) to provide a contrast resembling wild versus hatchery conditions....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Selection; Genetic variability; Microsatellites; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oysters.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/acte-3440.pdf

Establishing causal link between an infectious agent and mortalities in marine molluscan aquaculture on the example of Bonamia ostreae and Herpèsvirosis in oysters : proposal of a causal grid analysis
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Thebault, Anne; Cochennec, Nathalie; Arzul, Isabelle; Renault, Tristan.
In marine molluscan aqauculture, infectious agents are regularly cited in literature associated with mass mortalities as emergin diseases, but the causal link is often based on very few argumeents. 24 ways to demonstrate causal links from epidemiolgical, ecological and marine pathology literature feasible for marine molluscs are given. Those criteria were applied to the ewample of Bonamia ostreae for Ostrea edulis and Herpesvirus for spats and larvae of Crassostrea gigas. Three principles could be applied in marine field for choosing criteria wich should be taken in priority : the demonstration must be given at three levels of organization, organ individual, population, the demonstration must keeps maximum epidemiological criterias, and then mixes...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Herpesvirus; Bonamia ostrea; Crassostrea gigas; Ostrea edulis; Marine pathology; Ecology; Epidemiology; Infectious agents; Molluscan aquaculture.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/acte-3341.pdf

Les mortalités d'huîtres creuses (Crassostrea gigas) dans les Pertuis Charentais. Résultats de l'année 2008
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick; Le Moine, Olivier; Robert, Stephane.
Un épisode de mortalité d'huîtres creuses, d'une rare violence, a frappé le monde ostréicole au printemps – été 2008. Cette crise de mortalité a concerné les principales régions ostréicoles du littoral français et constitue très certainement la plus forte crise ostréicole subie par la profession depuis l'éradication de l'huître portugaise par un agent pathogène et l'importation de l'huître japonaise à la fin des années 1960. Ce rapport constitue une synthèse régionale des mortalités d'huîtres creuses en 2008. Il effectue un bilan des mortalités à partir des constats et réseaux de mesures de la mortalité. La deuxième partie du rapport présente une analyse explicative de la mortalité.  Les principaux partenaires de cette étude sont : - les professionnels...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huitres creuses; Crassostrea gigas; Pertuis Charentais; Mortalité; Naissain.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00154/26502/25848.pdf

Persistence of atrazine impact on aneuploidy in Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bouilly, Karine; Mccombie, Helen; Leitao, Alexandra; Lapegue, Sylvie.
Widespread use of the herbicide atrazine has incited much research on its toxicity in aquatic systems, where it is routinely detected due to runoff from cultivated fields. Moreover, the determination of the genotoxic effect of such pollutants in the marine environment has become a major requirement for ecosystem protection. In the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, hypodiploid aneuploid cells have regularly been reported. There is a negative correlation between this phenomenon and growth, as well as evidence for a genetic basis. A positive relationship between atrazine and aneuploidy has previously been demonstrated in C. gigas adults and juveniles. To evaluate the persistence of this impact, our study examined the offspring of the same adult population...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Aneuploidy; Crassostrea gigas; Atrazine; Toxicity; Pollutant persistence.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/publication-580.pdf

Ecophysiological and metabolic adaptations to sulphide exposure of the oyster Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Moullac, Gilles; Cheize, Marie; Gastineau, Olivier; Daniel, Jean-yves; Le Coz, Jean-rene; Huvet, Arnaud; Moal, Jeanne; Pouvreau, Stephane; Van Wormhoudt, A; Samain, Jean-francois.
The purpose of this study is to examine the response of the oyster Crassostrea gigas to sulphide at different biological scales. A first experiment was designed to measure for 20 h the clearance (CR) and oxygen consumption (OC) rates of oysters exposed at different concentrations of sulphide (0, 3, 6, 12, 20, and 40 mu M). The second experiment was carried out to evaluate the metabolic adaptations to chronic sulphide exposure for 10 days by measuring PK and PEPCK enzyme activities, succinate and alanine content, the adenylate energy charge (AEC), and the activity of the electron transport system (ETS)in whole oysters at above 20 mu M. PK and PEPCK mRNAs and enzyme activities have been measured in adductor muscle. When exposed to sulphide above 20 mu M, CR...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: ATP; AEC; Electron transport system; Succcinate; Alanine; Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase; Pyruvate kinase; Oxygen consumption; Clearance rate; Crassostrea gigas; Sulphide; Oyster.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/publication-3924.pdf

The dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum affects development of the oyster Crassostrea gigas, through parental or direct exposure
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Castrec, Justine; Hegaret, Helene; Alunno-bruscia, Marianne; Picard, Mailys; Soudant, Philippe; Petton, Bruno; Boulais, Myrina; Suquet, Marc; Queau, Isabelle; Ratiskol, Dominique; Foulon, Valentin; Le Goic, Nelly; Fabioux, Caroline.
Harmful algal blooms are a threat to aquatic organisms and coastal ecosystems. Among harmful species, the widespread distributed genus Alexandrium is of global importance. This genus is well-known for the synthesis of paralytic shellfish toxins which are toxic for humans through the consumption of contaminated shellfish. While the effects of Alexandrium species upon the physiology of bivalves are now well documented, consequences on reproduction remain poorly studied. In France, Alexandrium minutum blooms have been recurrent for the last decades, generally appearing during the reproduction season of most bivalves including the oyster Crassostrea gigas. These blooms could not only affect gametogenesis but also spawning, larval development or juvenile...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Harmful algal bloom (HAB); Paralytic shellfish toxin (PST); Crassostrea gigas; Gametes; Larvae.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00469/58099/60512.pdf

Impact of the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella on Pacific oyster reproductive output: application of flow cytometry assays on spermatozoa
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Goic, Nelly; Hegaret, Helene; Fabioux, Caroline; Miner, Philippe; Suquet, Marc; Lambert, Christophe; Soudant, Philippe.
The toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella recurrently blooms on the coasts of France and produces Paralytic Shellfish Toxins (PSTs) that accumulate in bivalves. These toxins can affect various physiological functions including reproduction. The present study aims to validate measurements of sperm viability, DNA content and mitochondrial membrane potential in Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas using flow cytometry coupled with fluorescent markers, and to use these measurements to assess the cellular parameters of sperm from Pacific oysters exposed to A. catenella. These parameters may influence fertilization, embryogenesis and larval development in free-spawning shellfish. Sperm viability and DNA content estimation were assessed using SYBR-14, which only...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Harmful algal bloom; Sperm quality; Cellular parameters; Flow cytometry; Pacific oyster; Crassostrea gigas; Alexandrium catenella.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00157/26853/24982.pdf

Experimental assessment of oyster transfers as a vector for macroalgal introductions
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Mineur, Frederic; Belsher, Thomas; Johnson, Mark P.; Maggs, Christine A.; Verlaque, Marc.
Introduction of non-indigenous species can alter marine communities and ecosystems. In shellfish farming, transfer of livestock, especially oysters, is a common practice and potentially constitutes a pathway for non-indigenous introductions. Many species of seaweeds are believed to have been accidentally introduced in association with these transfers, but there is little direct evidence.  We experimentally simulated the transfer of oysters from the Thau Lagoon (France). These transfers involved increasing periods of aerial emersion and additional brine and hot water treatments. The brine and hot water treatments were evaluated as a means of reducing the probability of algal introductions with oyster transfers. Shells were cultured for 40 days in...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Elimination treatments; Transport; Marine macrophytes; Thau Lagoon; Shells; Crassostrea gigas; Biological invasions.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-2779.pdf

Image analysis : a new method for estimating triploidy in commercial bivalves
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gerard, Andre; Naciri, Yamama; Peignon, Jean-marie; Ledu, Christophe; Phelipot, Pascal; Noiret, Christophe; Peudenier, Isabelle; Grizel, Henri.
For determination of ploidy levels in bivalves,  three techniques are now routinely used: karyological determination. microfluorimetry and flow cytometry. This paper proposes an alternative technique which is based on determination of the optical density (OD) of stained nuclei using image analysis. A karyological and image analysis comparative experiment conducted on juveniles of Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg) and Ruditapes philippinarum (Adam &amp; Reeve) is described and highlights the advantages of the image analysis technique. Initially developed on C. gigas and R. philippinarum, the image analysis method was easily extended to other bivalve species and to different developmental stages, as demonstrated by two experiments conducted on Ostrea edulis (L.)....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Estimation bivalve triploidy; Image analysis; Triploid; Genetic; Crassostrea gigas; Oysters.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1994/publication-3200.pdf

Modélisation de la détoxication de mollusques bivalves contenant des phycotoxines paralysantes ou diarrhéiques
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gueguen, Marielle.
The purpose of this study is to implement models to describe detoxification kinetics of Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas and Blue mussels Mytilus edulis containing paralytic and diarrheic phycotoxins respectively. First, experimental trials made it possible to complement data from the literature regarding the understanding of processes involved in mollusc detoxification. In particular, they pointed out a difference in the mollusc capacity to degrade cellwalls of phycotoxin-producing dinoflagellates, according to their en cystement capacities. It was observed that paralytic phycotoxins reached the various oyster tissues whereas diarrheic toxins were mainly sequestred in the digestive gland of mussels. The latter seem to be retained by lysosomes localized...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Modélisation; Mytilus edulis; Crassostrea gigas; Phycotoxines; Détoxication; Acide okadaïque; Toxines paralysantes; Modelling; Mytilus edulis; Crassostrea gigas; Phycotoxins; Detoxification; Okadaix acid; Paralytic toxin.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00003/11473/8032.pdf

Les besoins écophysiologiques des larves d'huitres creuse Crassostrea gigas en conditions contrôlees : effet de la température, de la nourriture et modélisation de la croissance
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Rico Villa, Benjamin.
Nowadays, spat production of Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas relies on rearing techniques under controlled conditions in hatchery. In this context, an extensive research in aquaculture is necessary because larval development and metamorphosis are critical for hatchery management. Firstly, a diet consisted in a Haptophyceae: Isochrysis affinis galbana (clone T-ISO) and a Bacillariophyceae: Chaetoceros calcitrans forma pumilum demonstrated its efficiency to supply the nutritional needs throughout the whole larval rearing. Then, a flow-through rearing system was developed and coupled with a continuous hydrobiological data recorder to provide basic information for ecophysiology research through different trophic levels and/or temperature throughout larval...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Larve; Huître; Croissance; Ecophysiologie; Microalgues; Température; Système d’élevage; Modélisation; Crassostrea gigas; Larvae; Oyster; Growth; Ecophysiology; Microalgae; Temperature; Rearing System; Modelling.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00012/12308/9102.pdf

Intérêt du préélevage de l'huître Crassostrea gigas en claire
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Zanette, Yvan; Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc.
Since the disappearance of Crassostrea angulata LMK during the epizootics of 1970-72, Crassostrea gigas Thunberg has been cultivated in the Marennes-Oléron basin. The latter, which could reach its commercial size at 18 months (His, 1978), no longer reaches it until 36 months. The harvesting of these oysters as well as their pre-fattening is currently done mainly in the estuaries of the Charente and the Seudre. The growth of C. gigas could be improved by separating the oysters from collectors sooner than usually done and fattening them sooner.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marennes Oléron; Claires ostréicoles; Elevage; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1983
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1983/publication-2954.pdf

Performances zootechniques des deux taxons Crassostrea gigas, Crassostrea angulata et de leurs hybrides dans des conditions d'élevage traditionnel dans le bassin de Marennes Oléron (France)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick; Huvet, Arnaud; Le Moine, Olivier; Razet, Daniel; Geairon, Philippe; Faury, Nicole; Robert, Stephane; Goulletquer, Philippe.
This study presents the zootechnical performances in their natural habitat, the Marennes Oléron Bay, of two Crassostrea gigas and Crassostrea angulata taxons of European and Asian origin, as well as those of their "European" hybrids (6 studied strains). Growth performance seems to be a phenotypic characterisation linked with the maternal origin (c. gigas or C. angulata). The Asian "pure gigas" or "pure angulata" strains' growth performances differ more from those of their European "sisters" than the European taxons with their hybrids. The C. angulata strain, of Taiwanese origin, does not survive the second culture week in the Marennes Oléron Bay. The C. angulata strain seems to "carry" a strong mortality potential.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Performance croissnce; Hybrides; Zootechnie; Crassostrea angulata; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2001/acte-3283.pdf

Comparaison de deux méthodes de prélèvement pour le dénombrement des larves de Crassostrea gigas en zone conchylicole
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: His, Edouard; Borel, Michel; Robert, Rene; Laborde, Jean-louis.
La numération des larves d'huître dans le plancton renseigne les ostréiculteurs sur la date de pose des collecteurs. La technique utilisée est très ancienne (BOURY, 1928) ; pour chaque station trois prélèvements par traits de filets pendant 10 minutes sont effectués : deux en surface (filet 200 et filet 130) et un à 1 mètre de profondeur (filet 130). Une méthode par pompage avec mesure instantanée du volume d'eau filtrée a été mise au point (prélèvements en surface et à 1 mètre de profondeur, et rétention des véligères sur filets 200). La comparaison des deux techniques met en évidence l'inadaptation de l'ancienne méthode. Le choix de la porosité (70 µm pour les filets 200) est mal adapté à la récolte des larves D (stade 1) dont le nombre peut être sous...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Numération; Technique; Reproduction; Crassostrea gigas; Larves; Naissain; Recrutement; Ostréiculture.
Ano: 1987
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1987/acte-6444.PDF

Rapport d'activité année 1976 de l'Inspection Principale de La Tremblade
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Leon, Michel.
Rapport d'activité de l'Inspection Principale de La Tremblade concernant l'année 1976
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Contrôle sanitaire; Conchyliculture; Bactériologie; Casier sanitaire; Reparcage; Epuration; Importation; Exportation; Crassostrea gigas; Marennes Oléron.
Ano: 1976
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00070/18094/15642.pdf

Bilan énergétique de l'huître japonaise Crassostrea gigas en conditions expérimentales de laboratoire au cours du mois de septembre 1991
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick; Bougrier, Serge; Razet, Daniel; Geairon, Philippe; Prou, Jean; Heral, Maurice; Barille, Laurent.
L'étude ci dessous, réalisée chez Crassostrea gigas, a comme objectif de comparer l'effet de différents types d'aliments sur le bilan énergétique de cette espèce.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Bilan énergétique; Sources alimentaires; Biodépots; Tri pré-ingestif.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00100/21095/18720.pdf

Mise au point d'une méthode standardisée de stress chez Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Glemarec, Yves-marie; Haure, Joel; Baud, Jean-pierre.
Cette étude a pour objectif de mettre au point un test standardisé de choc thermique applicable sur le naissain d'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas, facile à mettre en oeuvre, rapide et de faible coût. Ce test doit permettre d'envisager à terme un transfert de cette technique à la profession ostréicole. Dans un premier temps, un modèle a été validé afin de prendre en compte le poids moyen, vis à vis du temps d'application du choc thermique en eau douce à 45°C appliqué aux huîtres pour obtenir 50% de mortalité. Il permet de dresser une table de correspondance poids des juvéniles, temps d'application du stress pour une gamme de 10 à 500mg. La méthodologie retenue pour le stress standard peut être résumée ainsi : - Tamisage d'une population de jeunes huîtres en...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Stress; Choc thermique; Mortalité.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00304/41543/40751.pdf

La reproduction de Crassostrea gigas Thunberg dans le bassin d'Arcachon: bilan de deux années d'observations
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: His, Edouard.
A la suite des mortalités massives qui avaient affecté la population de C. angulata Lmk dès le premier trimestre 1971 dans le bassin d'Arcachon, la décision fut prise de renforcer rapidement le stock des géniteurs de C. gigas, susceptible d'assurer dès l'été une récolte de naissains et de permettre dans l'avenir une reconstitution des gisements naturels anéantis. En effet la présence sur les collecteurs immergés au cours de l'été 1970 de quelques sujets de l'espèce nouvellement introduite prouvait la possibilité pour les huîtres japonaises de se reproduire dans nos eaux.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ostréiculture; Huître; Crassostrea gigas; Reproduction; Croissance; Bassin Arcachon; Gironde.
Ano: 1973
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00009/11981/8685.pdf

Bilan énergétique de l'huître creuse (Crassostrea gigas) durant la période de forte croissance en mai en Baie de Marennes-Oléron (France)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick; Heral, Maurice; Razet, Daniel; Bougrier, Serge; Geairon, Philippe.
Ecophysiological study was conducted on the japanese oyster (Crassostrea gigas) reared in Marennes-Oléron bay (France), during May 1992. Most of the somatic growth of the oyster occured during that month. The measurements were achieved from a removable laboratory stated in Le Chapus for 3 days at different tide level (coefficient of 49, 57, and 88). The food conditions were monitored through a computer with a continuous record of the turbidity during aIl the tidal cycle.  In spite of an important variation between the food conditions in mean seston load, from 13,5 to 54,6 mg/!, the available organic matter ranged from 3 to 4,9 mg/l. The rate of organic matter in the water ranged 22 % to 9 %. The organic selection efficiency was significantly higher for the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Energetic budget; Selection efficiency; Filtration; Crassostrea gigas; Budget énergétique; Sélection; Consommation; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1993/acte-3068.pdf

Introduction into France of the Japanese oyster (Crassostrea gigas)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Grizel, Henri; Heral, Maurice.
The Japanese oyster (Crassostrea gigas) has been introduced in France on a large scale to replace cultivation of the Portuguese oyster (Crassostrea angulata), affected by a viral disease. The importation took place from 1971 to 1975, with broodstock coming from British Columbia (Canada) and spat from Japan. Good growth rate and success of the natural setting on the French Atlantic coast attested to the success of this implantation, with a production which reached 80000 t by 1976. The precautionary measures associated with this transfer Iimited the implantation of an introduced fauna, 15 years after, to: Balanus amphitrite, Aiptasia pulchella and, on the Mediterranean coast, Undaria pinnatifida and Laminaria japonica. The authors also discuss the possible...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Oyster; Introduction; Crassostrea gigas; Huître; Introduction.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1991/publication-2760.PDF

Evaluation of the gonad volume throughout magnetic resonance imaging in Crassostrea gigas and comparison with the histological method
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Flahauw, Emilie; Davenel, Armel; Quellec, Stéphane; Quillien, Virgile; Degremont, Lionel; Lapegue, Sylvie; Hatt, Philippe-jacques.
Biological parameters of the cupped oyster Crassostrea gigas such as growth, reproductive effort (duration of the gametogenesis, date of spawning, and fecundity) differ widely among oysters in the same location. Furthermore, most of the traditional methods, like histological observations, could lead to large variability on the observations and the measurements ofthese traits, and large uncertainties on their changes over time. These can be drastically reduced by using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) which is a non invasive method allowing to measure the same individual during its development. Forty oysters were assessed using MRI for the volume of whole soft body, the intra valves space, the adductor muscle, and the gonad, which also include the digestive...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Molluscs; Crassostrea gigas; Gonad; Histology; MRI.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00107/21784/19370.pdf

Étude chez l'huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas, des anomalies génomiques provoquées par l'exposition à des concentrations environnementales de diuron : caractérisation des atteintes, étude de leur héritabilité et conséquences pour la survie et la croissance des naissains
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Barranger, Audrey.
The aims of this PhD were to determine (1) the effects of the herbicide diuron on the genome of the oyster, Crassostrea gigas, (2) the possible transmission to the offspring of damaged DNA and (3) its consequences on oyster physiology. The genotoxicity of diuron and the vertical transmission of DNA damage were highlighted after parental exposure to environmental concentrations of diuron during the gametogenesis. Primary DNA lesions were detected in both somatic cells and germ cells of exposed genitors. Detection of the oxidized base 8-oxodGuo in gonads shows that exposure to diuron led to an oxidative stress which likely explains the observed DNA strand breaks in spermatozoa. The transmission of these DNA damage was confirmed by fluorescent in situ...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Herbicide; Diuron; Génotoxicité; Effets trans-générationnels; Cytogénétique; Test des comètes; Cytométrie en flux; Crassostrea gigas; Herbicide; Diuron; Genotoxicity; Trans-generational effects; Cytogenetic; Comet assay; Flow cytometry.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00271/38237/36419.pdf

Cultures marines en eaux profondes dans les pertuis charentais : détermination des zones propices à l'élevage d'huîtres Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
La conchyliculture en Charente-Maritime compte 4 500 conchyliculteurs qui exploitent 2800 concessions avec 7 400 emplois directs déclarés. Chaque année, une diminution de 4-5% des concessionnaires parallèlement à une diminution de l'ordre de 1 à 2% des surfaces exploitées est observée. Cette tendance peut s'expliquer par la pyramides des âges des conchyliculteurs et la baisse de compétitivité de l'ostréiculture charentaise vis à vis des principaux bassins de production concurrents (Bretagne, Normandie). La mortalité cumulée dans le Bassin de Marennes-Oléron est supérieure à 50% au cours d'un cycle d'élevage qui atteint maintenant 3-5 ans pour 18 mois dans les années 1970....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ostréiculture; Eaux profondes; Pertuis Charentais; Charente-Maritime; Huîtres creuses; Crassostrea gigas; Etude de site.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00014/12482/9328.pdf

Modelling the impact of a cultivated oyster population on the nitrogen dynamics: the Thau lagoon case (France)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bacher, Cedric; Bioteau, Hélène; Chapelle, Annie.
The Thau lagoon (France) is an important site for the cultivation of Crassastrea gigas. The relationship belween the oyster population and the environment was assessed through a model of trophic relationships. The results represent the initial step lowards a more precise assessment of the biological fluxes in the lagoon. This preliminary model was based on the nitrogen dynamics among the following compartments: phytoplankton, zooplankton. oysters. detritus and dissolved inorganic nitrogen in the water column. Two other compartments were also considered in the sediment: detritus and dissolved nitrogen. The model considered the watershed input and seawater exchange belween the lagoon and the open sea . The parameters were estimated from experiments on oyster...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Oyster; Crassostrea gigas; Nitrogen dynamics; Impact.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00039/15069/12403.pdf

Molecular identification and expression of two non-P450 enzymes, monoamine oxidase A and flavin-containing monooxygenase 2, involved in phase I of xenobiotic biotransformation in the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Boutet, Isabelle; Tanguy, Aurelie; Moraga, Dario.
Marine bivalve metabolism can be perturbed by hydrocarbon and pesticide pollution in coastal ecosystems. In this study, in the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, full-length cDNAs encoding two non-P450 phase I enzymes, flavin-containing monooxygenase 2 (FMO-2) and monamine oxidase A (MAO A), were characterized. Both sequences contained the co-factor fixation motifs characteristic of their respective enzyme families. Using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), the messenger RNA (mRNA) transcription levels of these two enzymes in tissues of oysters exposed, under experimental conditions, to hydrocarbons and two pesticide treatments were investigated. The pesticide treatments were exposure to either glyphosate or to a mixture composed of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Flavin containing monooxygenase 2; Monoamine oxidase A.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/publication-676.pdf

Influence of gametogenesis pattern and sex on paralytic shellfish toxin levels in triploid Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas exposed to a natural bloom of Alexandrium minutum
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Hermabessiere, Ludovic; Fabioux, C.; Lassudrie, Malwenn; Boullot, F.; Long, Marc; Lambert, Christophe; Le Goic, N.; Gouriou, Jeremie; Le Gac, Mickael; Chapelle, Annie; Soudant, P.; Hegaret, Helene.
This study investigated the effect of gametogenesis pattern and sex on levels of paralytic shellfish toxins (PST) accumulated by triploid oysters Crassostrea gigas exposed to a natural bloom of the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum in the Bay of Brest (Western Brittany, France), over the summer 2014. Toxin accumulation in oysters was proposed to be influenced by the proportion of energy allocated to reproduction versus other metabolisms, as proposed by Haberkorn et al. (2010). Thus, we hypothesized that triploid oysters with different gametogenesis patterns (α or β, producing respectively numerous gametes or rare gametes) could result in differences in toxin accumulation. Toxin level could also be different according to the gender of the oysters. To...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Alexandrium minutum; Harmful algal bloom (HAB); Paralytic shellfish toxin (PST); Gametogenesis pattern; Triploid.
Ano: 2016
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00307/41801/41010.pdf

Ultrastructure of Mikrocytos mackini, the cause of Denman Island disease in oysters Crassostrea spp. and Ostrea spp. in British Columbia, Canada
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Hine, P; Bower, S; Meyer, G; Cochennec, Nathalie; Berthe, Franck.
An ultrastructural study was carried out on Mikrocytos mackini, the cause of Denman Island disease in Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas in western Canada. Three forms were identified, quiescent cells (QC), vesicular cells (VC) and endosomal cells (EC), QC occurred in the vesicular connective tissue (VCT), haemocytes (hyalinocytes), adductor and heart myocytes, and extracellularly, They had a central round to ovoid nucleus, &lt;7 cisternae of inactive nuclear membrane-bound Golgi, few vesicles and lysosome-like bodies. VC were rarely extracellular and usually occurred in adductor and heart myocytes, in close association with host cell mitochondria. The contents of the host cell mitochondria appeared to pass through a tubular extension into the cytoplasm of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Denman Island disease; Amitochondriate protozoan; Ultrastructure; Crassostrea gigas; Mikrocytos mackini.
Ano: 2001
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2001/publication-815.pdf

Etude des effets de la sélection sur les gènes de l'amylase chez une population d'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas en fonction des conditions trophiques précoces
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Sauvage, Christopher.
In natural population of the Pacific cupped oyster, there are differences between allelic and genotypic frequencies for the A and B amylase genes. Set up a synthetical population of C. gigas, in which whole alleles and genotypes are better represented than in wild population, was done. An investigation links between trophic conditions applied during larvae developpment (in nursery), allelic frequencies for both amylase genes, oyster's individual waight and by the selectivity of summer mortalities during their exposition on the estran has been done. As a result, following facts have been observed :  - On one side, an influence of the trophic condition applied during the larvae development on genotypic frequencies of the gene B of the amylase - On the other...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Amylase; Polymorphisme; Condition trophique; Crassostre gigas; Amylase; Polymorphim; Trophic condition.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00371/48185/48300.pdf

Cinétique d'acquisition du terroir Marennes-Oléron par l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas : approche par les isotopes stables
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Malet, Nathalie; Sauriau, Pierre-guy; Haure, Joel.
Japanese oysters previously reared in controlled conditions were replaced into the Marennes Oléron Bay on intertidal oyster parks during 2002 summertime. Kinetics of carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios was followed in 5 organs (digestive gland, gills, mantle, muscle and gonads). Results confirmed excepted significant  differences in isotopie signatures between organs and revealed differences in the time required reaching equilibrium with the isotopie signatures of local food sources.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Cinétique; Isotopes stables; Bassin de Marennes Oléron; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/acte-6526.pdf

Realistic environmental exposure to microplastics does not induce biological effects in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Revel, Messika; Châtel, Amélie; Perrein-ettajani, Hanane; Bruneau, Mélanie; Akcha, Farida; Sussarellu, Rossana; Rouxel, Julien; Costil, Katherine; Decottignies, Priscilla; Cognie, Bruno; Lagarde, Fabienne; Mouneyrac, Catherine.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the presence and potential toxic effects of plastic fragments (&lt;400 μm) of polyethylene and polypropylene on the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Oysters were exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations (0, 0.008, 10, 100 μg of particles/L) during 10 days, followed by a depuration period of 10 days in clean seawater. Effects of microplastics were evaluated on the clearance rate of organisms, tissue alteration, antioxidant defense, immune alteration and DNA damage. Detection and quantification of microplastics in oyster's tissues (digestive gland, gills and other tissues) and biodeposits using infrared microscopy were also conducted. Microplastics were detected in oyster's biodeposits following...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Microplastics; Crassostrea gigas; Biodeposits; Biomarkers; Bivalves.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00588/70055/68018.pdf

Genetic characterisation of oyster populations along the north-eastern coast of Tunisia
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Dridi, S.; Romdhane, M. S.; Heurtebise, Serge; El Cafsi, M.; Boudry, Pierre; Lapegue, Sylvie.
The taxonomy of oysters has been traditionally based on characteristics of the shell. More recently, the analysis of protein and DNA polymorphism has provided a means to overcome difficulties in distinguishing the different species of oysters based solely on shell morphology. In order to identify oysters of the Tunisian north-east coast, we sequenced a 16S rRNA mitochondrial fragment from 68 oysters sampled from the Bizert Lagoon and the Gulf of Hammamet in northern Tunisia. Comparison of oyster 16S rRNA sequences available in GenBank showed the presence of both Ostreola stentina and Crassostrea gigas in our samples, which could not be detected on the basis of shell morphology only. These data confirmed that C. gigas, a non-native species, is now...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: 16S rRNA; Crassostrea gigas; Genetics; Mediterranean Sea; Ostreola stentina; Polymorphism.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/11063/7820.pdf

A la recherche de l'huître portuguaise: identification de marqueurs moléculaires discriminant Crassostrea angulata et Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Cornette, Florence.
L'étude historique de l'ostréiculture française monte que cette activité est caractérisée par des périodes de prospérités et de pénurie. Des épizooties ont été à l'origine de ces alternances. A chacune de ces période, on a pu constater des changements d'espèces : Ostrea edulis fut remplacée par Crassostrea angulata, de même celle-ci fut remplacée par Crassostrea gigas dans les années 1970. L'étude de la bibliographie montre que les techniques utilisées pour distinguer des espèces Crassostrea angulata et Crassostrea gigas sont insuffisantes. L'évolution des technologies en matière d'analyses génétiques ouvrent de nouvelles perspectives. La recherche de marqueurs moléculaires réalisée sur Crassostrea angulata et Crassostrea gigas, par amplification par PCR...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea angulata; Crassostrea gigas; Marqueurs moléculaires; ADN mitochondrial; PCR; Enzymes de restrictions; Haplotypes.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00049/15979/13421.pdf

Programme National Qualité des Mollusques - Grille Nationale de Qualité de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas - Rapport Régional Poitou-Charentes
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Goulletquer, Philippe; Gras, Paul; Geairon, Philippe.
Le programme « Qualité de 1 'huitre creuse Crassostrea gigas développé depuis 1995 par l'IFREMER contient dans ses objectifs l'établissement d'une grille de qualité pour ce coquillage (Grizel, 1998). En l'absence d'étude exhaustive sur la disponibilité et la variabilité de la qualité de C. gigas commercialisée, il apparait difficile d'établir une telle grille. Différents facteurs vont influer les caractéristiques du produit mis en marché sur le plan national. On peut citer en particulier : le secteur géographique d'origine, la période de commercialisation en cours d'année, le mode d'élevage et/ou d'affinage et globalement les pratiques culturales définies par l'éleveur, Pour l'ensemble de ces raisons, un échantillonnage national a été réalisé pendant la...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Qualité produit; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Norme AFNOR.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00077/18793/16369.pdf

Acclimatation de nouvelles espèces d'huîtres creuses du genre Crassostrea: hybridation et conservatoire de souches. Amélioration de la qualité chez l'huîtres creuses Crassostrea gigas par sélection de souches performantes - Contrat de Plan Etat Région Poitou-Charentes 1994-1998 - Convention 97 RPC-R-54 "Génétique" - Rapport année 1997
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Boudry, Pierre; Lapegue, Sylvie; Goyard, Emmanuel; Heurtebise, Serge; Ledu, Christophe; Phelipot, Pascal; Gerard, Andre.
Les objectifs pour l'année 1997 étaient les suivants : • Poursuivre les premières reproductions des espèces pour lesquelles nous disposons de géniteurs GO. L'objectif est toujours de limiter le stockage d'animaux importés en produisant une descendance simultanément à des témoins C. gigas qui serviront de comparaison. • Tenter des hybridations inter-spécifiques des différents taxons présents au sein du conservatoire en fonction des connaissances disponibles dans la littérature sur ce sujet (voir pour revue Gaffney et Allen, 1993). • Importer de nouvelles souches ou espèces. Élargir la gamme des espèces présentes au sein du conservatoire de souches (les capacités d'accueil de la salle de quarantaine étant limitée).
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Génétique des Populations; Acclimatation; Hybridation; Marqueurs génétiques; Sélection génétique; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00044/15519/12906.pdf

Effect of phytoplankton and temperature on the reproduction of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas: investigation through DEB theory
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bernard, Ismael; De Kermoysan, Goulwen; Pouvreau, Stephane.
DEB theory can be used to obtain a detailed description of energy allocation in organisms and the control of this allocation by temperature and food concentration. In this study, we modified the model of Bourlès et al. (2009) developed for the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, to improve the description of reproductive effort. The model was amended in two ways: a new set of parameters was incorporated and a full description of gonad construction in spring was added, with a new state variable. The application of this model to a dataset for oyster growth measured in four bays over two years showed that this model better described reproductive effort, without modifying overall growth dynamics. We then explored the reproductive responses of oysters to their...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: DEB model; Crassostrea gigas; Gametogenesis; Reproductive effort; Spawning date; Functional response.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00059/17047/14606.pdf

Sex determination in the oyster Crassostrea gigas - A large longitudinal study of population sex ratios and individual sex changes
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Broquard, Coralie; Martinez, Anne-sophie; Maurouard, Elise; Lamy, Jean-baptiste; Dégremont, Lionel.
Understanding sex determination in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, a sequential hermaphrodite, can provide prospective on the evolution of sex-determining systems for comparative reproduction from an evolutionary perspective. Surprisingly, this mechanism is still poorly understood. To date, sex ratio and sex change have never been studied at the individual level for a large size group and long-term monitoring. To this purpose, we performed an ambitious individual long-term follow-up (6 years) on a large population (cohort 1: 7488 oysters) produced from wild oysters, as well as for a second population produced from the cohort 1 (cohort 2: 4320 oysters). All oysters were individually sexed from 2014 to 2019. For the cohort 1, our results showed a...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Sex-ratio; Sex change; Oysters; Hermaphroditism; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00587/69868/67845.pdf

Optimisation des approches de gynogenèse chez l'huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas en utilisant l'inactivation du sperme par les UV
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Assati, Sabrina.
La gynogenèse est un mode de reproduction dans lequel l'action du spermatozoïde se limite à l'activation de l'ovocyte. Le génome mâle est inactivé génétiquement suite à une irradiation aux rayons UV. Il y a deux gynogenèses : la méïogynogenèse et la mitogynogenèse. Le but de cette étude a été d'optimiser les paramètres induisant ces deux gynogenèses. Les traitements d'inactivation du sperme ainsi que de rétablissement de la diploïdie ont été optimisés. Le traitement aux rayons UV le mieux adapté à l'inactivation du sperme est de 40 secondes. L'agent antimitotique permettant efficacement l'induction de la diploïdie est la CB. La viabilité des individus issus de gynogenèse a été démontrée. Les naissains issus de méïogynogenèse et mitogynogenèse sont arrivés...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Gynogenèse; Méïogynogenèse; Mitogynogenèse; Crassostrea gigas; Cytochalasine B; 6-DMAP; Cytométrie en flux; Lignée clonale; Irradiation UV.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00369/48022/48108.pdf

Virose de l'huître portugaise
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Comps, Michel.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Virose; Crassostrea angulata; Crassostrea gigas; Etiologie; Prophylaxie et traitement; Histopathologie; Virosis; Crassostrea angulata; Crassostrea gigas; Etiology; Control; Histopathology.
Ano: 1985
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00140/25076/23182.pdf

A rating system for oyster purification. Hazard analysis critical control point (HACCP) application to purification of live oysters
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bird, P.
A Critical Hazard Analysis Rating (CHAR) based on the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) concept is used to monitor oyster purification in New South Wales (N.S.W.), Australia. Critical areas for assessment include oyster condition, separation of raw and treated oysters, water quality (turbidity, salinity, temperature, aeration, circulation), purification period, flow rate, steriliser efficiency and tank hydraulics. Batch records and product identification are included. Purification supplements a total management program for producing safe oysters. The rating can also be used to endorse oysters produced under industry self-regulatory, quality assurance programs. The four main CHAR areas are operational standards, quality assurance, public health...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Saccostrea commercialis; Crassostrea gigas; Bivalvia; Marine molluscs; Safety regulations; Public health; Self purification.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-1607.pdf

Application of a micro-respirometric volumetric method to respiratory measurements of larvae of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Goulletquer, Philippe; Wolowicz, Maciej; Latala, Adam; Brown, Craig; Cragg, Simon.
The application of a simple, fast and reliable volumetric microrespirometric method to assess respiration of bivalve larvae is discussed. As a model, C. gigas larvae of various sizes were used. Metabolic activity of veliger larvae was assessed by measuring respiratory rate for use in ecophysiological modelling. As an example of the application of this approach, additional measurements of veliger respiratory rates were carried out to assess the effect on larval metabolism of different concentrations of leachate from wood treated with chromated copper-arsenate (CCA). Veligers of Crassostrea gigas (length from 95 to 331 pm) were fed with a mixture of Isochrysis galbana) and Chaetoceros pumilum cells. Experiments were performed in a 20 degreesC constant...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Leachate; CCA; Volumetric micro respirometry; Larvae; Metabolism; Respiratory rate.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/publication-399.pdf

The Pacific cupped oyster Crassostrea gigas : a species introduced in Europe for aquaculture in the 70's to become invasive in the late 90's
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Miossec, Laurence; Goulletquer, Philippe.
The Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas: from an introduced species for aquaculture to an invasive species for the ecosystem Miossec L. and Goulletquer Ph. The Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas has been introduced worldwide for aquaculture purposes since the beginning of the last century. In most of the countries the species established broadly, emphasizing its ability to adapt to a wide range of environmental conditions. In Europe the Pacific oyster was massively introduced in the 1970s especially into France after mass mortalities of the Portuguese oyster Crassostrea angulata affected by a viral disease. Good environmental conditions in some French areas on the Atlantic coast induced successful recruitments in the following years. The population became...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Europe; Non indigenous introduction; Transfers; Crassostrea gigas; Oysters; Species introduced.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/acte-3399.pdf

Disturbance induced decoupling between host genetics and composition of the associated microbiome
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Wegner, Karl Mathias; Volkenborn, Nils; Peter, Hannes; Eiler, Alexander.
Background  Studies of oyster microbiomes have revealed that a limited number of microbes, including pathogens, can dominate microbial communities in host tissues such as gills and gut. Much of the bacterial diversity however remains underexplored and unexplained, although environmental conditions and host genetics have been implicated. We used 454 next generation 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing of individually tagged PCR reactions to explore the diversity of bacterial communities in gill tissue of the invasive Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas stemming from genetically differentiated beds under ambient outdoor conditions and after a multifaceted disturbance treatment imposing stress on the host. Results  While the gill associated microbial communities in...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Microbiota; Population structure; Stress; Pathogen; Biological invasion; Pacific oyster; Crassostrea gigas; Vibrio; Mycoplasma.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00171/28202/26430.pdf

Mitochondrial and nuclear DNA phylogeography of Crassostrea angulata, the Portuguese oyster endangered in Europe
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Huvet, Arnaud; Lapegue, Sylvie; Magoulas, A; Boudry, Pierre.
The respective status of the Portuguese oyster, Crassostrea angulata, and the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, has long been a matter of controversy. Morphological and physiological similarities, homogeneity of allozyme allelic frequencies between populations of the two taxa and the demonstration of hybridization lead most authors to suggest that they should be regrouped within the same species. The risk of introgression and the present expansion of C. gigas aquaculture in Europe raises the question of the need for preservation of C. angulata in Europe, as only a few populations remain. We studied European and Asian populations of C. gigas and C. angulata using microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA markers to estimate their genetic diversity and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Phylogeography; Population genetics; Microsatellites; Crassostrea gigas; Crassostrea angulata.
Ano: 2000
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2000/publication-707.pdf

Les analyses biochimiques de proteines, lipides et glucides sur l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Razet, Daniel; Faury, Nicole; Soletchnik, Patrick; Geairon, Philippe.
Our objectives were to: -update analytical methods of proteins, lipids and carbohydrates in oyster flesh; and -attempt to better understand the high variability in the results of biochemical analyses and their ability to explain the composition of organic matter (dry weight of oyster flesh).
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Methodes analyses; Biochimie; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1997/acte-3256.pdf

Rapport d'activité année 1973 de l'Inspection Principale de La Tremblade
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Leon, Michel.
Rapport d'activité de l'Inspection Principale de La Tremblade concernant l'année 1973
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Contrôle sanitaire; Bactériologie; Casier sanitaire; Epuration; Reparcage; Exportation; Importation; Crassostrea gigas; Mytilus edulis; Marennes Oléron.
Ano: 1973
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00070/18098/15646.pdf

Cultures phytoplanctoniques en continu en bassins extérieurs pour complément trophique en phase d'affinage
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Moine, Olivier; Geairon, Philippe; Fouche, Dominique; Razet, Daniel; Soletchnik, Patrick; Faury, Nicole; Goulletquer, Philippe.
L'affinage est une technique traditionnellement utilisée autour du bassin ostréicole de Marennes-Oléron. Son but est d' améliorer la qualité, tant gustative que de résistance des huîtres Crassostrea gigas. La grande diversité des sites, des claires et l'entière dépendance vis à vis des aléas climatiques ne permettent pas d'obtenir des résultats fiables et répétitifs. Cette phase finale de l'élevage se déroule en claires traditionnelles, renouvelées en période de vives eaux dans des proportions variables (0 à 80%). C'est le seul apport trophique exogène dont bénéficient les huîtres (Soletchnick et al., 1995). Pour complémenter et stabiliser celui-ci, des cultures de phytoplancton "fourrage" ont été réalisées en bassins extérieurs. Différents auteurs ont...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Phytoplancton; Affinage; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00076/18763/16334.pdf

Improvement of remote setting of the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) on French platic pipes
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Baud, Jean-pierre; Jolly, C.; Bodoy, Alain.
The oysters culture in France is based on a natural spatfall, collected on cultches in setting areas. The collectors are then transfered on intertidal parcs for development during 1.5 to 3 years. The subsequent ongrowing stage is performed after separating the oysters and putting them in bags or by off-bottom cultivation. In order to improve the stock turnover and to improve the rearing conditions for the juveniles, experiments were performed to define optimal conditions for remote setting. After considering the previous studies a standard density of 2 000 larvae per cultch (plastic pipe) was selected. This corresponded to an average, theoretical density of 2.3 larvae.cm-2. The resulting density, at the end of the growing stage should average 25 kg of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Plastic pipes; Crassostrea gigas; Oysters; Natural spatfall; Oysters culture; Collecteur; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres; Captage naissain; Ostréiculture.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1991/acte-3044.pdf

Effect of the culture system and culture technique on biochemical characteristics of Pavlova lutheri and its nutritional value for Crassostrea gigas larvae
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Ponis, Emanuele; Parisi, G; Le Coz, Jean-rene; Robert, Rene; Zittelli, G; Tredici, R.
Pavlova lutheri was cultivated in carboys using batch technique and in a flat alveolar photobioreactor (FAP), using initially batch and then semi-continuous techniques. Growth and productivity of the cultures were compared and their nutritional quality was assessed by analysing their biochemical composition (gross composition, fatty acids and sterols) and by evaluating their food value for Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) larvae as bispecific diet in association with Chaetoceros calcitrans forma pumilum. The highest productivity was achieved with the FAP operating in semi-continuous mode. Gross composition of P. lutheri was similar in all cultures, while cellular organic matter content of the microalga grown in FAP in semi-continuous mode was lower....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Semi continuous culture; Pavlova lutheri; Flat alveolar photobioreactors; Crassostrea gigas; Carboys; Biochemical composition; Batch culture.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-6117.pdf

A comparative field study of growth, survival and reproduction of Crassostrea gigas, C-angulata and their hybrids
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick; Huvet, Arnaud; Le Moine, Olivier; Razet, Daniel; Geairon, Philippe; Faury, Nicole; Goulletquer, Philippe; Boudry, Pierre.
This paper reports a comparative study of two cupped oysters, Crassostrea gigas and C angulata, and their hybrids reared in the Marennes-Oleron Sound (France) under usual farming conditions. The relative proficiency of these species was characterized in terms of growth, survival and reproduction, three major concerns for oyster farming. Four populations of each taxon were sampled (C gigas: Japan and France; C angulata: Taiwan and Spain) and used as progenitors to produce six different progenies under common hatchery and nursery conditions (transfer of 5 to 6 g of seed oysters at sea and rearing in bags for 2 years). Mortality profiles differed greatly among the progenies. The C angulata progeny of Taiwanese origin gave the poorest results, with 100%...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Atlantic coast; Crassostrea gigas; Phenotypes; Hybrids; Oyster fanning.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2002/publication-560.pdf

Genetic polymorphism of glutamine synthetase and delta-9 desaturase in families of Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas and susceptibility to summer mortality
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: David, Elise; Boudry, Pierre; Degremont, Lionel; Tanguy, Amelie; Quere, N; Samain, Jean-francois; Moraga, D.
Large-scale mortality events have been observed in Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas on the west coast of France since the early 1980s, particularly during summer. In order to understand the causes of this mortality, two generations of oysters from single-pair matings were studied in three sites on the French Atlantic coast (Baie-des-Veys, Auray and Ronce-les-Bains). The present paper examines the role of two candidate genes in the susceptibility of oysters to summer mortality, and the selective pressure exerted by such mortality on their polymorphism. Glutamine synthetase (amino-acid metabolism) and delta-9 desaturase (lipid metabolism) genes were studied in the successive generations, using polymerase chain reaction single-strand conformation polymorphism...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: SSCP; Mortality; Glutamine synthetase; Delta 9 desaturase; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-3040.pdf

Analyse de la capacité trophique de l'écosystème "claires ostréicoles" dans le cadre de l'affinage de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas (Bassin de Marennes-Oléron)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick; Razet, Daniel; Goulletquer, Philippe; Geairon, Philippe; Le Moine, Olivier; Faury, Nicole.
Bien que défini par la Norme AFNOR (NF V45-056), l'affinage des huîtres C. gigas en claires ostréicoles traditionnelles reste une pratique zootechnique non contrôlée. L'expérimentation 1994 a permis de tester 1) l'effet de la densité d'élevage (2 à 10 huîtres/m2) sur la croissance et la production de C. gigas, 2) la variabilité au sein de la claire de la croissance, et 3) d'évaluer les différentes sources de variabilité des paramètres physico-chimiques et trophiques de la colonne d'eau et de l'interface eau sédiment. Différentes échelles spatio-temporelles de ces variables ont été évaluées variant entre 2 périodes consécutives de emplissage du marais jusqu'au suivi en continu (pas de temps de 5rnn) des paramètres. Les modèles de calibration des signaux en...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Production; Affinage; Claires ostréicoles; Modèle écosystème.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00072/18361/15933.pdf

Etude des mortalités d'huîtres sur le bancs ostréicoles de Ronce Perquis (Bassin de Marennes-Oléron)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Moine, Olivier; Soletchnik, Patrick; Razet, Daniel; Geairon, Philippe; Faury, Nicole; Goulletquer, Philippe.
In order to better understand the chronic summer mortality striking the Marennes Oléron Bay since 1988, a research program has been developed since 1994 in association with the professional sector. This study comprises the monitoring, from March to October 1997, of a homogeneous oyster population cultivated on-bottom and off-bottom on 15 working sites. One of these sites is equipped with a multiparameter probe and a valvometer. Measures are taken on an on-going basis on the working site.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bassin de Marennes Oléron; Ronce   Perquis; Bancs Ostréicoles; Physiologie; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres; Mortalités.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1999/acte-3378.pdf

Modeling the Transmission of Vibrio aestuarianus in Pacific Oysters Using Experimental Infection Data
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lupo, Coralie; Travers, Marie-agnes; Tourbiez, Delphine; Barthélémy, Clement; Beaunée, Gaël; Ezanno, Pauline.
Vibrio aestuarianus is a bacterium related to mortality outbreaks in Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas, in France, Ireland, and Scotland since 2011. Knowledge about its transmission dynamics is still lacking, impairing guidance to prevent and control the related disease spread. Mathematical modeling is a relevant approach to better understand the determinants of a disease and predict its dynamics in imperfectly observed pathosystems. We developed here the first marine epidemiological model to estimate the key parameters of V. aestuarianus infection at a local scale in a small and closed oyster population under controlled laboratory conditions. Using a compartmental model accounting for free-living bacteria in seawater, we predicted the infection dynamics...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marine epidemiology; Parameter estimation; Compartmental model; ABC method; Global sensitivity analysis; Basic reproduction number R-0; Crassostrea gigas; Oyster mortality.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00495/60652/64148.pdf

Essai d'acclimatation de Crassostrea virginica et performances biologiques comparées avec Crassostrea gigas (1ère partie)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gerard, Andre; Naciri, Yamama; Peignon, Jean-marie; Ledu, Christophe; Phelipot, Pascal; Baud, Jean-pierre; Nourry, Max; Renault, Tristan; Cochennec, Nathalie.
Premier volet du programme d'essai d'acclimatation de l'huître américaine Crassostrea virginica, ce rapport présente les actions et les résultats de l'année 1992 qui a été consacrée à : • l'importation selon les normes du CIEM d'un lot de 50 huîtres en provenance d'Angleterre, • leur élevage en salle de quarantaine et leur conditionnement en vue d'une accélération de la maturation sexuelle, • l'obtention d'une première génération, ainsi que son suivi en élevage larvaire et en micronurserie à l'URGE-La Tremblade, • au contrôle des performances comparées des deux populations de C. virginica et de C. gigas en nurserie de prégrossissement à l'URRA-Bouin pendant toute la période automnale et hivernale. Au terme de cette première année d'étude il apparait que la...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mollusques; Acclimatation; Crassostrea virginica; Crassostrea gigas; Génétique; Pathologie.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00077/18843/16417.pdf

Saisonnalité de ponte de Crassostrea gigas et Crassostrea angulata dans le bassin de Marennes-Oléron. Un demi siècle de résultats : 1950-2000. La différence dans la saison de ponte reflète-t-elle une différence entre taxons ou l'évolution climatique ?
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick.
The Marennes-Oléron Bay on the Atlantic coast is a major oyster culture centre in France. 40 000 tonnes of cupped oysters are produced there each year. The two taxa C. angulata and C. gigas have been cultured in turn over the last century. Since 1950, larvae have been captured between June and September in the southern part of the Bay, near the mouth of the Seudre River, the traditional oyster spat capture zone. This historical database shows that the frequency of larvae capture is defined by three to four peaks in larvae emission in C. angulata and only two peaks for C. gigas during a single season. Seventeen years of data on C. angulata between 1950 and 1969 and 27 years for C. gigas between 1972 and 2000 demonstrate that the beginning of the spawning...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea angulata; Crassostrea gigas; Marennes Oléron bassin; Pertuis Charentais; Environnement; Huître creuse; Reproduction.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/rapport-4126.pdf

Contribution of Viral Genomic Diversity to Oyster Susceptibility in the Pacific Oyster Mortality Syndrome
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Delmotte, Jean; Chaparro, Cristian; Galinier, Richard; De Lorgeril, Julien; Petton, Bruno; Stenger, Pierre-louis; Vidal-dupiol, Jeremie; Destoumieux-garzon, Delphine; Gueguen, Yannick; Montagnani, Caroline; Escoubas, Jean Michel; Mitta, Guillaume.
Juvenile Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) are subjected to recurrent episodes of mass mortalities that constitute a threat for the oyster industry. This mortality syndrome named “Pacific Oyster Mortality Syndrome” (POMS) is a polymicrobial disease whose pathogenesis is initiated by a primary infection by a variant of an Ostreid herpes virus named OsHV-1 μVar. The characterization of the OsHV-1 genome during different disease outbreaks occurring in different geographic areas has revealed the existence of a genomic diversity for OsHV-1 μVar. However, the biological significance of this diversity is still poorly understood. To go further in understanding the consequences of OsHV-1 diversity on POMS, we challenged five biparental families of oysters to two...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Herpesvirus diversity; Genotype-genotype interactions; Oyster genetic background; Viral populations.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00643/75533/76414.pdf

Detection and description of a particular Ostreid herpesvirus 1 genotype associated with massive mortality outbreaks of Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas, in France in 2008
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Segarra, Amelie; Pepin, Jean-francois; Arzul, Isabelle; Morga, Benjamin; Faury, Nicole; Renault, Tristan.
Ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1) infections have been reported around the world and are associated with high mortalities of the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas). In the summer 2008, abnormal mortality rates ranging from 80% to 100% were reported in France and affected only Pacific oysters. Analyses of oyster samples collected during mortality outbreaks demonstrated a significant detection of OsHV-1 (75% of analysed batches), which appeared stronger than previous years. DNA sequencing based on C and IA regions was carried out on 28 batches of OsHV-1 infected Pacific oysters collected in 2008. Polymorphisms were described in both the C and IA regions and characterized a genotype of OsHV-1 not already reported and termed OsHV-1 μVar. A microsatellite zone...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Herpes virus; Oyster; Crassostrea gigas; OsHV-1 mu Var; Increased mortality; Microsatellites.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00011/12260/9035.pdf

Absence de captage de Crassostrea gigas dans le bassin de Marennes-Oléron en 1981 : causes et conséquences
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Berthome, Jean-paul; Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc; Heral, Maurice; Razet, Daniel; Garnier, Jacqueline.
The want of C. gigas spat-catching in the Marennes-oleron basin in 1981 can be due to various different reasons which are analysed here. Physico -chemical and trophic factors that can induce variations in the quality of gametogenesis, are successively in comparison with the year 1979 when reproduction was good. The biochemical evolution and a study of gonads slow a lack in maturation in 1981 even during the summer period. Late maturation of gonads bring about physiological consequences which induced mortality of cultivated oysters at the end of winter. A feeble recruit and a decrease of the cultivated stock have economic consequences which here sketched up.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Larvae; Recrutment; Spat; Crassostrea gigas; Oysters; Larves; Recrutement; Captage; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres.
Ano: 1982
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1982/acte-2948.PDF

L'ostréiculture sur la côte Est du Cotentin
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Jeanneret, Hélène; Kopp, Joel; Joly, Jean-pierre; Moriceau, Jacques; Legagneur, Eric.
Une approche socio-économique a permis de classer en 5 catégories les exploitations conchylicoles de la côte est du Cotentin. Parallèlement, une stratégie d'échantillonnage a été mise au point dans cette zone. Dans chacune des 20 strates, la densité des poches et la composition du stock (naissain , 18 mois, ... ) ont été évaluées, ce qui a permis d'estimer à 12 900 tonnes le stock d'huîtres en élevage en 1989 et 1990.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ostréiculture; Stocks; Crassostrea gigas; Est Cotentin; Exploitations conchylicoles; Echantillonnage.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00092/20361/18022.pdf

Rapport annuel d'activité 1980 du Laboratoire Cultures Marines et Aménagement du Littoral de La Tremblade
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Heral, Maurice.
Rapport annuel d'activité du Laboratoire Cultures Marines et Aménagement du Littoral de La Tremblade concernant l'année 1980
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Conchyliculture; Production; Physiologie; Valorisation claires ostréicoles; Sélection génétique; Crassostrea gigas; Reproduction.
Ano: 1980
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00070/18108/15655.pdf

Protiste parasite de l'huître du Pacifique Crassostrea gigas (Thumberg)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Comps, Michel; Razet, Daniel; Quiroz-ramos, Hernando.
Following the "gill disease" of the Portuguese oyster (Crassostrea angulata LMK.) and the massive mortality rates that this species suffered in 1970 and 1971, the oyster farmers of the Marennes-Oléron basin, as those in other Portuguese oyster-producing areas, developed Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) cultivation in France by directly importing spat from Japan's main supply centres.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres; Parasite; Protozoaire; Cytologie.
Ano: 1973
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1973/publication-2984.pdf

Les gènes de l'amylase chez l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas : transmission et mise en évidence des pressions sélectives
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Rambelo-ramanitra, Seheno.
Abnormal massive mortalities of oysters Crassostrea gigas during the estival period are a phenonmenon described in the literature since forty years. A certain number of studies show that it could exist a genectic base with these mortalities. In front of the economic interest that the oyster production in France represents, IFREMER set up program MOREST, gathering the fiels of physiology, pathology and the genetics. This study in interested in rare genotypes, determined by PCR-RFLP, presenting three bands for one or two A and B amylase genes, met in the families MOREST and the polymorphic population for amylase genes, made up starting from crossing of the hierarchical type. It aims at making a follow-up of the segregation of the alleles at the progeny, as...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Extraction d'ADN; Amylase; Polymorphisme; Génotypes; Crassostrea gigas; DNA Extraction; Amylase; Polymorphism; Genotypes.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00371/48230/48364.pdf

Etude des effets de polluants sur les paramètres hémocytaires de l'huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas - Interactions entre environnement, mécanismes de défense et maladies infectieuses
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gagnaire, Beatrice.
Shellfish industry is mostly realized in estuary zones, which are subjected to pollutions due to anthropic activities. The harmful effects of pollutants on animals inhabiting these estuarine zones are poorly known. Among these animals, Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, may represent a model because they are sedentary and they filter water intensively. Among all physiological functions possibly disturbed by pollutants, defence mechanisms are poorly studied in bivalves. Moreover, animals presenting impaired defence mechanisms may be more sensitive to infectious diseases. In this context, effects of pollutants on hemocyte functions and on sensitiveness to diseases were tested in C. gigas. After adjusting the protocols for the monitoring of hemocyte...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Real time PCR; Flow cytometry; Pesticides; Pollutants; Phagocytosis; Hemocytes; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oyster; Pathology; Immunotoxicology; PCR en temps réel; Cytométrie de flux; Pesticides; Polluants; Phagocytose; Hémocytes; Crassostrea gigas; Huître creuse; Pathologie; Immunotoxicologie.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/these-730.pdf

First molecular evidence of cross-species induction of metalloprotease gene expression in Vibrio strains pathogenic for Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas involving a quorum sensing system
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: De Decker, Sophie; Reynaud, Yann; Saulnier, Denis.
The aim of that studywas to explore the hypothesis that a quorumsensingmechanismmodulatesmetalloprotease gene expression of two Vibrio species pathogenic for oyster, at intraspecific (Vibrio splendidus) and interspecific (V. splendidus affecting V. aestuarianus) levels. Metalloprotease activities (Vsm for V. splendidus LGP32 and Vam for V. aestuarianus 02/041) and growth curves obtained by real-time PCR assay revealed cell density-dependent metalloprotease inductions triggered between 12 h and 16 h of culture. A quorum sensing assay was then developed using a conditioned medium prepared from supernatant of a mutant strain of V. splendidus LGP32 unable to produce metalloprotease. Specific real-time qPCR assays targeting metalloprotease genes vsm and vam...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Quorum sensing; Crassostrea gigas; Vibrio; Metalloprotease; Gene expression.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00124/23539/21381.pdf

Bases génétiques des caractères physiologiques impliqués dans la croissance chez l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Collet, Bertrand.
Growth is a very important trait in the oyster Crassoslrea gigas both from an economical and scientific point of view. Many questions remain unanswerable or are still discussed . From a hatchery-based population, the constancy in time of growth performances From larval to adult stage was studied. The influence of physiological parameters (energy acquisit ion and expenditure) and parentage on growth was estimated. ln the literature, the relationship between larval growth and post-Iarval growth is debated . Our study shows that the larval growth is positively correlated with the post-Iarval growth. This result validates the hatchery practices consisting in culling the small larvae. The growth performances are stable over the time and show no compensation....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Croissance; Physiologie; Analyse de parenté; Microsatellite DNA; Crassostrea gigas; Growth; Physiology; Parentage analysis; Microsatellite DNA.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00108/21939/19532.pdf

L'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas en Bretagne. Etude pilote en 1989 pour l'élaboration d'un réseau de données en biochimie, croissance, mortalité et pathologie de l'huître creuse sur huit sites conchylicoles bretons
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Bec, Claude.
Depuis son introduction en Bretagne, au début des années 70, peu d'études ont été consacrées à l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas sur cette région, sauf lors de pollutions (Amoco Cadis) ou d'anomalies de croissance de la coquille. En l'absence de données récentes, des stations expérimentales "d'élevage" ont été mises en place sur 8 sites conchylicoles bretons. Un lot d'huîtres de "18 mois" est réparti en début d'année dans 96 poches, à raison de 6 poches par station et 2 stations par site. Des mesures de biométrie, de composition de la chair, d'lindex de qualité, de taux de survie, et de parasitisme sont réalisées après 7 mois d'élevage. Après étude des résultats variable par variable, une analyse descriptive par A.C.P. montre 6 groupes de sites ou stations...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ostréiculture; Crassostrea gigas; Bretagne; Croissance; Pathologie; Composition; Suivi; Surveillance.
Ano: 1990
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00419/53093/54050.pdf

Herpes-like virus infecting Japanese oyster (Crassostrea gigas) spat
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Renault, Tristan; Cochennec, Nathalie; Le Deuff, Rose-marie; Chollet, Bruno.
During the summer of 1993, abnormal sporadic mass mortalities (80-90%) and morbidities occurred among four batches of young Japanese oyster (Crassostrea gigas) spat from the French Atlantic coast. These mortalities were only observed in July. Samples of affected animaIs were examined by electron microscopy. This paper reports the presence and appearance of herpes viruses in these samples.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Herpes like virus; Mortalities; Crassostrea gigas; Oysters.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1994/publication-2888.pdf

Etude de l'herpès virus de l'huître. Fonds d'Aide à la Recherche et à l'Innovation. Décision d'Aide à la Recherche n° 95-07-01 (Rapport intermédiaire) 1997
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Renault, Tristan.
Le Laboratoire de Génétique, Aquaculture et Pathologie (GAP) de la Station IFREMER de La Tremblade, se propose dans le présent projet d'étudier le virus de type herpès observée chez les huîtres (pouvoir pathogène, conditions d'expression de l'infection, transmission, etc ... ) et de développer des réactifs permettant de réaliser un diagnostic rapide, sensible et fiable de l'infection qu'il occasionne. Les diagnostics proposés seront basés sur la détection directe du virus, soit au moyen de réactifs immunologiques spécifiques des antigènes viraux, soit par des techniques de biologie moléculaire permettant de détecter l'ADN viral (hybridation de sondes nucléiques et réaction PCR : Polymerase Chain Reaction). Ce projet, proposé sur une durée de trois années...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Virus; Herpès virus; Crassostrea gigas; Pathogènes; Diagnostic; Herpesviridae.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00043/15448/12821.pdf

Etude de la croissance du naissain d'huitres (Crassostrea gigas, Ostrea edulis) de la métamorphose à la taille de 1 mm. en fonction de différentes nourritures phytoplanctoniques.
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Borgne, Y; Diss-mengus, B; Marin, J.
Introduction: Among the problems found in mollusc hatcheries, the feeding of growing post larvae is of primary concern. It is therefore essential to reach algal production rationalisation through precise knowledge of the nutritional requirements of the different species of spat produced, and this for a diversity of size classes. Many authors, such as HARTMAN and EPIFANIO (1973), PRUDER and al. (1976), have attempted to establish appropriate food rations in laboratory for various post larvae mollusks according to their average weight. However, it is difficult to adapt those results to hatchery experiments, since raising conditions and yield issues are totally different. The purpose of this work is to determine nutritional rations required for different post...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Ostrea edulis; Artificial feeding; Oyster culture; Food composition.
Ano: 1978
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1978/rapport-1758.pdf

Past and present geographical distribution of populations of Portuguese (Crassostrea angulata) and Pacific (C. gigas) oysters along the European and north African Atlantic coats
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Fabioux, Caroline; Huvet, Arnaud; Lapegue, Sylvie; Heurtebise, Serge; Boudry, Pierre.
Today, it is commonly accepted that C. angulata and C. gigas are a single species according to morphological, genetic and experimental hybridization data. Following the viral disease that affected C. angulata and the subsequent expansion of C. gigas in Europe, it was of interest to examine the geographical distribution of both taxa in Europe. We studied the genetic composition of seventeen populations of cupped oysters, sampled in France, Spain, Portugal, Morocco and Italy, using a diagnostic marker, the mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxydase I gene. Results showed two distinct geographical zones. All the populations located in the northern part of the European sampled zone were mainly composed of C. gigas haplotypes whereas populations from southern Europe and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Geographical distribution; Crassostrea angulata; Crassostrea gigas; Distribution géographique; Crassostrea angulata; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2002/publication-2785.pdf

Breeding and Domestication of Eastern Oyster (  Crassostrea virginica  ) Lines for Culture in the Mid-Atlantic, Usa: Line Development and Mass Selection for Disease Resistance
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Frank-lawale, Anu; Allen, Standish K.; Degremont, Lionel.
A selective breeding program for Crassostrea virginica was established in 1997 as part of an initiative in Virginia to address declining oyster harvests caused by the two oyster pathogens Haplosporidium nelsoni (MSX) and Perkinsus marinus (Dermo). Housed in the Aquaculture Genetics and Breeding Technology Center (ABC), the objective of the program was to develop and disseminate disease-resistant lines that would enable an oyster culture industry. Today, culture of disease-resistant cultivars accounts formore than 90%of oyster production in the state, where 28.1 million half-shell oysters and 2 billion eyed larvae were sold in 2012. Results of our line development program as of 2006 are reported. Eight ABC lines from 3 genetic groups—East Coast (EC),...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Oysters; Selective breeding; Disease resistance; Chesapeake Bay; Growth; Genetic improvement; MSX; Dermo.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00188/29950/28395.pdf

Etude des facteurs physiques, chimiques et biologiques potentiellement responsables de mortalités estivales de juvéniles d' huîtres creuses, Crassostrea gigas, en rivière d'Auray de 1995 à 1997
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Kuntz, Grégoire.
Depuis le début des années 1990, se sont étendues sur le littoral français des mortalités estivales touchant les juvéniles de l'huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas. La rivière d'Auray est un secteur d'élevage conchylicole particulièrement affecté par ce phénomène. Une enquête menée sur trois années (1995 à 1997) tente de dresser le bilan de ces mortalités et d'identifier les facteurs responsables. Au cours de l'été 1997 différents suivis environnementaux (phytoplancton, physicochimie, .. . ), physiologiques (croissance, maturation, ... ) et pathologiques (histologie,PCR, ... ) ont été menés afin d'avoir une  approche la plus large possible des différents facteurs potentiellement impliqués lors de ces mortalités.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mortalité; Maladie; Juvéniles; Crassostrea gigas; Rivière d'Auray; Bretagne.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00426/53728/54604.pdf

Changes in planktonic microbial components in interaction with juvenile oysters during a mortality episode in the Thau lagoon (France)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Richard, Marion; Bec, Beatrice; Vanhuysse, Charles; Mas, Sébastien; Parin, David; Chantalat, Camila; Le Gall, Patrik; Fiandrino, Annie; Lagarde, Franck; Mortreux, Serge; Ouisse, Vincent; Rolland, Jean-luc; Degut, Anaïs; Hatey, Elise; Fortune, Martine; Roque D'Orbcastel, Emmanuelle; Messiaen, Gregory; Munaron, Dominique; Callier, Myriam; Oheix, Jocelyne; Derolez, Valerie; Mostajir, Behzad.
Oysters modify the planktonic microbial community structure by their filtration and NH4 excretion activities. While many studies have been conducted on this subject with adult oysters, none had been carried out in situ with juveniles. Pacific oyster juveniles (Magallana gigas, previously Crassostrea gigas) died massively all over the world since 2008 in relation with OsHV-1 infection. During mortality episodes, sick and dead oysters are not separated from healthy live ones, and left to decay in the surrounding environment, with unknown consequences for the nutrient cycle and planktonic microbial components (PMC). The present study aimed to elucidate for the first time the interactions between oyster juveniles and PMC during a mortality episode. Innovative...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Magallana gigas; Crassostrea gigas; Spat; OsHV-1 mu Var; Mortality; Picoplankton; Heterotrophic flagellates; Ciliates; Uronema; Balanion.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00474/58559/61115.pdf

Différenciation génétique des populations d'huître plate européenne, Ostrea edulis, à l'aide de marqueurs des génomes mitochondrial et nucléaire
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lapegue, Sylvie; Diaz-almela, E.; Launey, Sophie; Ledu, Christophe; Boudry, Pierre; Naciri-graven, Yamama; Bonhomme, Francois.
Two oyster species are cultivated on the French coasts: the Pacific cupped oyster (Crassostrea gigas), which has been introduced from Japan in the 1970's after the disappearance of the Portuguese oyster Crassostrea angulala, and the European flat oyster (Ostrea edulis). During the second half of the 1960's, the latter suffered successively from two diseases caused by protozoan parasites: marteiliosis (also called "maladie des Abers") and bonamiosis. In France, its production dropped from 20,000 tian in the 1960's to 2,000 today. The impact of these two pathogens as well as the exploitation of the remaining stocks show the importance of the conservation of this species, the only natural European species, whose population is more and more fragmented.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marqueurs; Génétique population; Génétique; Ostrea edulis; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2001/acte-3273.pdf

Experimental evidence for a genetic basis to differences in aneuploidy in the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Leitao, Alexandra; Boudry, Pierre; Mccombie, Helen; Gerard, Andre; Thiriot-quievreux, Catherine.
Aneuploidy has been previously reported in wild and cultivated Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas, and has been shown to be negatively correlated with growth. This is especially important since high variability of growth rate is one of the major problems in the aquacultural production of this species. The existence of a genetic basis for the observed differences in aneuploidy was first investigated through the comparative study of six full-sib families, with mean individual weights ranging from 0.59 to 1.49 g. The slowest growing family was found to have the highest level of aneuploidy. Significant differences in aneuploidy were also found among families when individuals with the same growth rate were sampled. This supports the hypothesis of the existence...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Oyster; Growth; Genetics; Full sib families; Crassostrea gigas; Aneuploidy; Huître; Croissance; Génétique; Famille de plein frères; Crassostrea gigas; Aneuploïdie.
Ano: 2001
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2001/publication-2700.pdf

Microarray analysis highlights immune response of Pacific oysters as a determinant of resistance to summer mortality
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Fleury, Elodie; Huvet, Arnaud.
Summer mortality of Crassostrea gigas is the result of a complex interaction between oysters, their environment, and pathogens. A high heritability was estimated for resistance to summer mortality, which provided an opportunity to develop lines of oysters that were resistant (R) or susceptible (S) to summer mortality. Previous genome-wide expression profiling study of R and S oyster gonads highlighted reproduction and antioxidant defense as constitutive pathways that operate differentially between these two lines. Here, we show that signaling in innate immunity also operates differentially between these lines, and we hypothesize that this is at the main determinant of their difference in survival in the field. A reanalysis of our published microarray data...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mollusca; Crassostrea gigas; Gene; Immunity; CDNA microarray; Summer mortality.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00083/19423/17213.pdf

Etude experimentale de la maturation ovocytaire chez Pecten maximus et Crassostrea gigas (Mollusca, Bivalvia)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Widowati, L; Cochard, Jean-claude; Dorange, G; Le Pennec, M.
To date, it has been impossible to fertilize the oocytes of ripe Pecten maximus obtained by gonad stripping as it is routinely done in hatchery with Crassostrea gigas . The events occurring between artificial induction of spawning and normal fertilization were studied experimentally in order to explain this difference. Fertilization and rearing trials were performed on oocytes obtained from the gonads of both species by scarification, by aspiration from genital ducts (of P. maximus only) and after spawning. Every batch of oocytes was fixed for histological study. Serial sections of the gonad of a fixed spawning P. maximus were made to reveal modifications of the nucleus of the oocytes during their expulsion. In P. maximus the stripped oocytes can be...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Pecten maximus; Bivalvia; Marine molluscs; Animal reproductive organs; Larvae; Fecundity; Experimental research; Spawning; Sexual maturity.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1991/acte-1632.pdf

Etude de la DYNAmique des MORtalités estivales (DYNAMOR) : Etude pluridisciplinaire intrasite du modèle de mortalité "plat-table" du bassin de Marennes Oléron
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick; Le Moine, Olivier; Razet, Daniel; Blouin, Frederic; Geairon, Philippe.
In the scope of the "Coastal ecology" thematics, the LCPC supervises a study which aims at understanding the causes and mechanisms of the summer mortality of C. Gigas. Different types of analysis conducted on the oyster (quality index, immunology, cell biology, etc.) enable the identification of a one month period preceding the acute mortality episode and during which the animals undergo a stress situation and become weaker. The energy balance (material balance) is close to zero for the most exposed stocks. Studies conducted on the environment included the search for pathogens and contaminants in the water column, the sediment and the animal, as well as the analysis of the hydrological features of the mass of water. The weakening period corresponds to an...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Hydrologie; Modèle; Contaminant; Sédiment; Colonne d'eau; Bilan énergétique; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres; Mortalités estivales.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/acte-3391.pdf

Développement de protistes parasites en culture cellulaire de l'huître japonaise Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Cousserans, François; Bonami, Jean-robert; Comps, Michel; Grizel, Henri.
Cell cultures, which are the basis of numerous recent studies in medical pathology, have been, for a few years, of great interest in the studies carried out on the diseases affecting invertebrates. However, such cultures, dealing with marine bivalve molluscs, obtained for the first time by Vago and Chastang (1) and progressively improved since then [(2) to (10)], have not been used in pathological studies yet. As the diseases affecting marine molluscs of economic importance such as oysters are both of great interest and facing specific study difficulties, we tried to adapt oyster cell cultures to the study of the presence, development and cycles of the pathogenic or possibly pathogenic microorganisms affecting Crassostrea, and especially the species gigas,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Culture cellule; Parasite; Huîtres; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1974
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1974/publication-5907.PDF

Exposure to toxic Alexandrium minutum activates the detoxifying and antioxidant systems in gills of the oyster Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Fabioux, Caroline; Sulistiyani, Yeni; Haberkorn, Hansy; Hegaret, Helene; Amzil, Zouher; Soudant, Philippe.
Harmful algal blooms of Alexandrium spp. dinoflagellates regularly occur in French coastal waters contaminating shellfish. Studies have demonstrated that toxic Alexandrium spp. disrupt behavioural and physiological processes in marine filter-feeders, but molecular modifications triggered by phycotoxins are less well understood. This study analyzed the mRNA levels of 7 genes encoding antioxidant/detoxifying enzymes in gills of Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) exposed to a cultured, toxic strain of A. minutum, a producer of paralytic shellfish toxins (PST) or fed Tisochrysis lutea (T. lutea, formerly Isochrysis sp., clone Tahitian (T. iso)), a non-toxic control diet, in four repeated experiments. Transcript levels of sigma-class glutathione S-transferase...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Alexandrium minutum; Paralytic shellfish toxins; Antioxidant enzymes; Detoxification enzymes; MRNA.
Ano: 2015
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00275/38601/38623.pdf

Paralytic Toxins Accumulation and Tissue Expression of alpha-Amylase and Lipase Genes in the Pacific Oyster Crassostrea gigas Fed with the Neurotoxic Dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Rolland, Jean-luc; Pelletier, Kevin; Masseret, Estelle; Rieuvilleneuve, Fabien; Savar, Veronique; Santini, Adrien; Amzil, Zouher.
The pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas was experimentally exposed to the neurotoxic Alexandrium catenella and a non-producer of PSTs, Alexandrium tamarense (control algae), at concentrations corresponding to those observed during the blooming period. At fixed time intervals, from 0 to 48 h, we determined the clearance rate, the total filtered cells, the composition of the fecal ribbons, the profile of the PSP toxins and the variation of the expression of two a-amylase and triacylglecerol lipase precursor (TLP) genes through semi-quantitative RT-PCR. The results showed a significant decrease of the clearance rate of C. gigas fed with both Alexandrium species. However, from 29 to 48 h, the clearance rate and cell filtration activity increased only in oysters...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Alexandrium catenella; PSP toxins; Digestion; Gene expression.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00130/24170/22172.pdf

Study of the antioxidant capacity in gills of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas in link with its reproductive investment
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Beguel, Jean-philippe; Huvet, Arnaud; Quillien, Virgile; Lambert, Christophe; Fabioux, Caroline.
Energy allocation principle is a core element of life-history theory in which "the cost of reproduction" corresponds to an acceleration of senescence caused by an increase in reproductive investment. In the "theory of aging", senescence is mainly due to the degradation of lipids, proteins and DNA by reactive oxygen species (ROS), by-products of oxidative metabolism. Some studies have shown that oxidative stress susceptibility could be a cost of reproduction. The present study investigates the effect of reproductive investment on antioxidant capacity in the gills of a species with a very high reproductive investment, the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. We used RNA interference targeting the oyster vasa-like gene (Oyvlg) to produce oysters with contrasted...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Antioxidant capacity; Crassostrea gigas; Reproduction; RNA interference; ROS.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00116/22744/21494.pdf

Définition et test de nouvelles amorces pour la détection en PCR du virus de type herpès infectant les huîtres
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Renault, Tristan; Lipart, Cecile.
La collaboration, entamée en 1996 avec A. Davison du Medical Research Council de Glasgow, a permis d'aboutir à l'obtention d'informations sur la équence de fragments clonés d'ADN de virus de type herpès infectant les huîtres.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Détection PCR; Virologie; Virus; Herpès; Huîtres creuses; Crassostrea gigas; Techniques.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00199/31048/29465.pdf

Outils de dépistage des pathogènes - Contrat Région Poitou-Charentes 1999 - Convention 99/RPC-A-200 "Pathologie"
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Renault, Tristan; Cochennec, Nathalie.
Le Laboratoire de Génétique et Pathologie (LGP) de la station IFREMER de La Tremblade (Charente Maritime) est impliqué aux plans national et international dans l'étude des maladies affectant les mollusques bivalves marins d' intérêt économique et plus particulièrement les huîtres. Des travaux concernant le développement, la validation et l'utilisation d'outils de diagnostic spécifiques d'agents infectieux propres aux coquillages y sont ainsi menés.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Pathologie; Maladie; Mollusques bivalves; Diagnostic; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00043/15471/12850.pdf

Ecophysiologie de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg) : analyse bioénergétique de la gamétogenèse sous trois conditions trophiques distinctes
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bourles, Yves.
The Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) is a major cultivated shellfish resource in France, which represented a tumover of 220 millions € in 2000. Mass mortalities among this commercially important bivalve species are known in France since about 40 years, but have become a recun'ing obstacle for growers of oysters and a threaten for commercial production along the French Atlantic coast in the last 20 years. Since 2000, IFREMER is canying out a multidisciplinary program, MOREST, ta understand the problem of summer mortality, and possibly ta solve il. As part of the MOREST program, the present study focuses on the relationship between gametogenesis, metabo lism and mortality of 7-month, i.e. juvenil e, C. gigas. In April 2004, a total of 2250 oysters were...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Naissain; Mortalité estivale; Gamétogenèse; Bilan énergétique; Crassostrea gigas; Spot; Summer mortalities; Gametogenesis; Energy budget.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00448/55961/57444.pdf

Un appareil permettant d'étudier le taux de pompage des lamellibranches dans le milieu naturel
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: His, Edouard.
Un dispositif permettant d'étudier le taux de pompage chez les lamellibranches dans le milieu naturel, est décrit. Il est utilisé afin d'établir, chez Crassostrea gigas, les relations entre les différentes figures de l'activité valvaire obtenues par ostréographie, et l'importance du débit palléal sous des conditions naturelles de milieu, dans le bassin d'Arcachon. Les premiers résultats sont présentés.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Physiologie; Activité valvaire; Ostréographie.
Ano: 1982
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00021/13218/10279.pdf

Summer mortality of the Pacific cupped oyster Crassostrea gigas in the Bay of Marennes-Oleron (France)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Goulletquer, Philippe; Soletchnik, Patrick; Le Moine, Olivier; Razet, Daniel; Geairon, Philippe; Faury, Nicole.
A comprehensive research program has been developed since 1995 to focus on C. gigas abnormal mortality rates occurring regularly during the summer period in the Bay of Marennes Oleron (France). Several subprojects were carried out including in-vitro ecophysiological studies to asses l) the relationship between reproductive status, scope for growth and mortality, 2) effects of stress temperature on physiological functions. Meanwhile, field studies concerned monitoring surveys of calibrated oyster populations at various emersion time and geographic sites. A database was developed and incorporated into a geographic information system (GIS) to overlay several layers of information and establish relationship among environmental parameters and mortality rates....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marennes Oleron bay; In situ continuous monitoring; Ecophysiology; Stress; Environmental conditions; Summer mortality; Crassostrea gigas; Marennes Oléron; In situ en continu; Suivis environnementaux; Ecophysiologie; Stress; Conditions environnementales; Mortalité estivale; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1998/acte-3093.pdf

Niveau de ploïdie des naissains d'huître creuse captés dans les bassins de Marennes Oléron, Baie de Bourgneuf et Arcachon. Réseau Biovigilance, campagne 2011
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Benabdelmouna, Abdellah; Ollier, Simon; Maurouard, Elise; D'Amico, Florence; Seugnet, Jean-luc; Grizon, James.
Comme pour les années précédentes, le réseau biovigilance a réalisé en 2011 la caractérisation du niveau de ploïdie des naissains captés en 2010. Pour la première fois, en plus des deux principaux bassins de captage que sont Marennes Oléron et Arcachon, un bassin additionnel (Vendée) a été prospecté via l'analyse de naissains sauvages captés en 2010 au niveau de la baie de Bourgneuf. Les échantillons des naissains sauvages issus du captage naturel ont été prélevés sur les sites de chaque bassin pour un total analysé de plus de 1800 animaux. En tenant compte de notre échantillonnage, nos résultats de suivi de ploïdie concluent à l'absence d'animaux polyploïdes, triploïdes ou tétraploïdes, captés dans les trois bassins prospectés. Cependant, les bassins de...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Ploïdie; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Naissain; Analyse cytométrique; Analyse statistique; Bassin de Marennes Oléron; Arcachon; Baie de Bourgneuf.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00107/21837/19427.pdf

Recherche de gisements de captage naturel de Crassostrea gigas en lagune de Thau.Répartition spatiotemporelle du naissain, aspects culturaux et économiques.
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lagarde, Franck; Perignon, Adeline; Gervasoni, Erika; Mortreux, Serge; Meddah, Slem; Leurion, Axel; Le Gall, Patrik; Guillou, Jean-louis; Boj, Marie; Fuhrmann, Marine; Richard, Marion; Ubertini, Martin; Fiandrino, Annie; Roque D'Orbcastel, Emmanuelle; Pouvreau, Stephane.
Le travail est axé sur la volonté de la filière conchylicole méditerranéenne pour s'approvisionner en naissains d'huîtres creuses sauvages d’origine lagunaire. L'observatoire du captage naturel, mis en place entre 2012 et 2014, a permis de découvrir des gisements de naissains collectés naturellement dans la lagune de Thau selon un protocole défini à l’échelle expérimentale. Bien que très hétérogènes spatialement et temporellement, les densités de naissains sur les collecteurs révèlent des catégories de captage allant de "moyen i. e. 20 à 200 naissains par coupelle" à "excellent i. e. 200 à 2000 naissains par coupelle " sur certaines stations expérimentales. Les expériences de captage naturel à échelle semi-industrielle (avec filière de coupelles en lagune)...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Captage naturel; Crassostrea gigas; Recrutement; Conchyliculture méditerranéenne; Lagune.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00260/37103/35632.pdf

Influence of the trophic environment and metabolism on the dynamics of stable isotopes in the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas): modeling and experimental approaches
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Emmery, Antoine.
Stable isotope analysis (SIA) contributed extensively to better understand the trophic functioning of marine coastal ecosystems. However, their ecological interpretations are limited by the lack of accurate modelling tools to describe the dynamics and the trophic fractionation of stable isotopes by organisms. The influence of the trophic resource and the metabolism on the dynamics of delta13C and delta15N in the soft tissues of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas has been investigated using experimental and modeling approaches. The results of the in situ survey in the Bay of Veys and the Bay of Brest showed that growth (whole soft body tissues and organs) and the trophic resource (diversity and quantity) have to be considered simultaneously to accurately...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Chaîne alimentaire; Isotope stable en écologie; Animaux métabolisme; Crassostrea gigas; Invertébrés marins; Marqueurs biologiques; Effet isotopique.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00117/22854/20662.pdf

Multixenobiotic resistance protein expression in Mytilus edulis, M-galloprovincialis and Crassostrea gigas from the French coasts
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Minier, C; Moore, M; Galgani, Francois; Claisse, Didier.
Multixenobiotic resistance (MXR) is a membrane-transport mechanism that allows organisms to exclude many compounds from their cells and tissues. It is thus a first line of defence against a variety of toxic compounds. Since mussels and oysters possess MXR proteins, an analysis of the expression level of these membrane-transporters has been conducted in relation to their body burden of some major environmental contaminants. Mussels Mytilus edulis and M. galloprovincialis and the oyster Crassostrea gigas were sampled from a total of 43 sites along the French coasts. High expression levels were found in animals from the major French estuaries (Seine, Loire and Gironde), at a few sites in Brittany and in nearly all sites from the Mediterranean mainland coasts....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Mytilus galloprovincialis; Mytilus edulis; Biomonitoring; P glycoprotein; MXR.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-1983.pdf

Affinage des huîtres creuses Crassostrea gigas en claires ostréicoles du Bassin de Marennes-Oléron : étude des moficiations de la Norme AFNOR-NF V 45 056
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Robert, Stephane; Goulletquer, Philippe; Soletchnik, Patrick; Geairon, Philippe; Le Moine, Olivier; Razet, Daniel; Faury, Nicole; Taillade, Sylvie.
Dans le cadre de sa démarche « qualité », la SRC de Marennes-Oléron souhaite faire évoluer les normes zootechniques d'élevage de l' huître «fine de claires» et «spéciales de claires» défi nies actuellement par la norme AFNOR NF V 45-056 (AFNOR, 1985). Les modifications proposées concernent une gestion saisonnière de la biomasse par m2 en élevage, respectivement de 1 et 3kg/m2 pendant 2 semaines entre les 1 avril-31 0ctobre et 3 semaines, du 1 novembre au 3 1 mars. Le Laboratoire Conchylicole de Poitou-Charentes (LCPC) a engagé des expérimentations afin de répondre à la demande professionnelle et administrative d 'évaluer l'effet sur la qualité finale des huîtres des modifications d'élevage proposées, en comparaison avec la norme officielle AFNOR (1985)....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Affinage; Claires ostréicoles; AFNOR NF V 45-056.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00072/18366/15939.pdf

Ecophysiologie de la maturation sexuelle et de la ponte de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas : réponses métaboliques (respiration) et alimentaires (filtration, absorption) en fonction des différents stades de maturation
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick; Razet, Daniel; Geairon, Philippe; Faury, Nicole; Goulletquer, Philippe.
The study of maturation and spawning of the oyster is part of a research program to investigate the summer mortalities of the oysters, Crassostrea gigas in Marennes-Oléron Bay. Four maturity stages were simultaneously obtained by diet and thermal conditioning (immature, low maturation, mature and post-spawning stages). Measurements of clearance, filtration, absorption and respiration rates allowed a calculation of the scope for growth and hence an estimation of the oyster's energetic budget at various maturity stages. Male and female oysters had similar physiological responses. The filtration rate ranged from 2.4 to 2.6 1.h(-1) at the early stages of maturation and decreased to 1.8 1.h.' during the maturity stage. Growth rate resulting from gonad...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huître; Crassostrea gigas; Conditionnement; Maturation; Filtration; Absorption; Respiration; Oyster; Crassostrea gigas; Conditioning; Maturation; Filtration; Absorption and respiration rates.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1997/publication-3090.pdf

Etude de la structure des communautés bactériennes du sédiment et de l'écologie de Vibrio aestuarianus pathogène de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas dans deux sites ostréicoles
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Azandegbe, Afi.
Since several years, the French oyster farming copes with high mortality affecting juveniles and some adults of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Studies conducted in the framework of a multidisciplinary project (MOREST) showed that mortality was related to several factors like physiological and genetic status of oyster, pathogens including bacteria of the genus Vibrio, and revealed that the sediment, on which the oyster cages are installed, might play a particular role. This has been suggested because of the concomitance of the mortalities and increased toxic compounds like ammonia and sulphides in the sediment. Moreover, the presence of Vibrio bacteria in the sediment indicates a dual role of sediment in the mortality onset. The physico-chemical...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huître; Crassostrea gigas; Bactéries; Vibrio aestuarianus; Écologie; Sédiment; Ammonium; Sulfures; Oyster; Crassostrea gigas; Bacteria; Vibrio aestuarianus; Ecology; Sediment; Ammonia; Sulphide.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00032/14277/11561.pdf

Ecophysiologie in situ de l'huître Crassostrea gigas dans un milieu macrotidal (bassin de Marennes-Oléron - Chapus 1991)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Guezennec, Loic; Prou, Jean; Heral, Maurice; Razet, Daniel; Bougrier, Serge; Soletchnik, Patrick.
L'expérience menée lors du stage fait suite à deux expériences similaires menées en 1988 et 1990. Elle vise à étudier le comportement d'une population d'huîtres (100 individus) soumise aux variations du milieu naturel. La durée de l'expérience (3 semaines) permet de tester les effets simultanés des cycles haute mer. basse mer et celui des vives·eaux. mortes-eaux. De plus. les données acquises en continu sur le milieu (fluorescence et turbidité. salinité. température) permettront le calage des modèles courantologiques et sédimentologiques. Le choix du mois de mai pour l'expérience est déterminé par l'apparition. en général. d'un bloom phytoplanctonique à cette période de l'année. Les expériences précédentes (1988 et 1990) ont permis déjà d'appréhender la...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ecophysiologie; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Bassin de Marennes-Oléron; Chapus; Charente Maritime.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00102/21308/18921.pdf

The use of SNPs in characterizing oysters genomes and their resistance to pathogens
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lapegue, Sylvie; Heurtebise, Serge; Harrang, Estelle; Morga, Benjamin; Flahauw, Emilie; Sauvage, Christopher; Boudry, Pierre.
During the last five years, a great effort has been made to develop genomic tools in oyster species all over the world. In Europe, the Pacific cupped oyster, Crassostrea gigas, and the European flat oyster, Ostrea edulis received a special attention as they are the key species for local aquaculture. In particular, the Pacific oyster is a marine bivalve of major economical and ecological importance worldwide. Better knowledge of its physiology and its genetics contributes to optimize its aquaculture production using selective breeding or to understand its invasive behavior in some coastal areas. Current international developments of genomic resources include EST databases, BAC libraries, genome mapping and sequencing. The Genoscope (Evry, France) and the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Oysters; Crassostrea gigas; Ostrea edulis; Resistance pathogens; QTLs; Single Nucleotide Polymorphism.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00015/12584/9454.pdf

Etude des interactions hôte/virus chez l’huître creuse Crassostrea gigas et son virus Ostreid herpesvirus 1
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Segarra, Amelie.
Ostreid herpesvirus type 1 (OsHV-1) can be considered one of the major infectious agents in Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas, in France and all around the world. Differences in terms of mortality among infected animals were reported suggesting a genetic basis of the susceptibility to the OsHV-1 infection. In this context, the main objective of this thesis was to understand the interactions between Pacific oysters and OsHV-1, in particular, the molecular basis of the viral cycle. Results showed that the virus is able to replicate in the host regardless of its stage of development or its susceptibility. However, multiplication kinetics is faster in the most susceptible individuals compared to less susceptible ones. After an active replication phase, it...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bivalves; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Mortalités; OsHV-1; Gènes viruax; Interaction hôte-virus; Transcriptome; Sensibilité; PCR en temps réel; Bivalve; Pacific oyster; Crassostrea ggias; Mortality; OsHV-1; Viral gene; Interaction host-virus; Transcriptome; Susceptibility; Real-time PCR.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00252/36297/34826.pdf

Observation on the feeding behaviour of Crassostrea gigas larvae in the bay of Arcachon (France)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Robert, René; His, Edouard.
Crassostrea gigas Iarvae were collected in the bay of Arcachon in July 1985, 1986 and 1987. Larval samples were collected daily at high tide, during at least the first 12 days of pelagie lire and every hour during 1 day and night cycle, 6 days after spawming. Epifluoreseence microscopy was used for detecting ingestion and digestion of nanoplankton and thin sections were made to try to determine the algal species ingested. The first algal uptake occurred 48 hours after fertilization and different stages or digestion were noted from the 3rd day. No relationship between ingestion or digestion and the age of the viligers was observed. There was no difference in the feeding activity du ring day and night. Because the nutrition index was high (70%) the feeding...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Larves; Milieu naturel; Nutrition; Epifluorescence; Crassostrea gigas; Larvae; Natural surroundings; Nutrition; Epifluorenscence.
Ano: 1988
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00015/12602/9480.pdf

Spatial epidemiological modelling of infection by Vibrio aestuarianus shows that connectivity and temperature control oyster mortality
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lupo, Coralie; Dutta, Bhagat Lal; Petton, Sebastien; Ezanno, P; Tourbiez, Delphine; Travers, Marie-agnes; Pernet, Fabrice; Bacher, Cedric.
Vibrio aestuarianus infection in oyster populations causes massive mortality, resulting in losses for oyster farmers. Such dynamics result from host-pathogen interactions and contagion through water-borne transmission. To assess the spatiotemporal spread of V. aestuarianus infection and associated oyster mortality at a bay scale, we built a mathematical model informed by experimental infection data at 2 temperatures and spatially dependent marine connectivity of oyster farms. We applied the model to a real system and tested the importance of each factor using a number of modelling scenarios. Results suggest that introducing V. aestuarianus in a fully susceptible adult oyster population in the bay would lead to the mortality of all farmed oysters over 6 to...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Basic reproduction number; Crassostrea gigas; Hydrodynamics; Oyster disease; Sensitivity analysis; Vibrio aestuarianus.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00662/77459/79114.pdf

Synthèse des résultats obtenus concernant l'étude du virus de type herpès et la mise au point de méthodes de diagnostic de l'infection - Juin-Septembre 1996
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Renault, Tristan; Le Deuff, Rose-marie; Lipart, Cecile; Chollet, Bruno; Haffner, Philippe.
Cette note de synthèse des travaux réalisés au laboratoire de Génétique, Aquaculture et Pathologie de la station IFREMER de La Tremblade, dans le cadre de l'étude du virus de type . herpès et de la mise au point des méthodes de diagnostic fait suite à la précédente note (fin mai 1996). Les résultats obtenus concernant les analyses protocolaires et hors protocoles, ainsi que les résultats expérimentaux déjà disponibles sont données et commentés en quatre points. Cette étude est soutenue par la Région Poitou-Charente et la Région Pays de Loire.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Pathologie; Virus; Herpès virus; Infection; Diagnostic; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00044/15503/12875.pdf

Bases génétiques et variabilité des caractères physiologiques impliqués dans la croissance de Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Baud, Jean-pierre; Palvadeau, Hubert; Nourry, Max; Haure, Joel; Penisson, Christian; Boudry, Pierre.
La production française d' huître creuse Crassostrea gigas représente, avec 144000 tonnes de production, la 4ème' place au ni veau mondial après la Chine (2 285 000 t), le Japon (225 000t.) et la Corée (1 85 000t.). Ce bivalve filtreur possède un potentiel d'adaptation élevé puisqu'on le trouve sous des latitudes très diverses. Malgré son importance économique mondiale (2 900 000 tonnes de production en 1996), à ce jour, très peu de programmes de sélection ont été mis en oeuvre sur cette espèce, qui n'est pas considérée comme domestiquées au sens génétique du terme. Toutefois, avant de lancer des programmes - nécessairement de grande ampleur - pour la sélection de souches d' huîtres creuses Crassostrea gigas, il est utile de répondre au préalable à...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Variabilité génétique; Croissance; Huîtres creuses; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00048/15881/13303.pdf

Suivi de la reproduction de la moule (Mytilus edulis) et de l'huître creuse (Crassostrea gigas) dans le bassin de Marennes Oléron saison 2002
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Ducrou, John; Arnaud, Christophe.
The Charente coast has, from its northern to its southern boundary, a number of natural cupped oyster (Crassostrea gigas) collection areas interesting professionals who wish to renew their stocks. This study carried out on behalf of the oyster culture professionals and in the framework of the Ifremer/SRC contract, is entitled "Ifremer's action for the Regional Shellfish Culture Section of the Marennes-Oléron basin". It has three purposes: - Spotting larval emissions, - Monitoring the future of the larval colonies, - Enabling the providing of information to oyster professionals early enough for them to set up their collection devices. In 2002, mussel "Mytilus edulis" larvae have been collected at the "Boyard" point.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marennes Oléron; Larves; Captage; Mytilus edulis; Moules; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres; Reproduction.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/rapport-6573.PDF

Mass selection for survival and resistance to OsHV-1 infection in Crassostrea gigas spat in field conditions: response to selection after four generations
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Degremont, Lionel; Nourry, Max; Maurouard, Elise.
The ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1) is one of the major pathogens affecting the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, and numerous mortality outbreaks have been observed worldwide. We report the first results of our experimental breeding program using mass selection focused on survival and resistance to OsHV-1 after four generations of selection for two lines. These lines originated from two stocks of adult wild oysters sampled from the Marennes-Oléron Bay in 2008. Each line was spawned in February 2009 to produce the base populations. Both lines were then either protected from OsHV-1 or tested in the field in 2009 where they were exposed to OsHV-1. For each line during 2010 to 2013, one generation per year was produced using either the survivors of the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Survival; Crassostrea gigas; Realized heritability; Selection response; OsHV-1; Disease resistance.
Ano: 2015
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00266/37751/36064.pdf

Etude in vivo et in vitro des effets du mercure sur la réponse hémocytaire de l'huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas : développement de techniques évaluant les impacts de la pollution estuarienne
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gagnaire, Beatrice; Renault, Tristan; Thomas-guyon, Hélène.
In the last decades, shellfish industry represents an important economic activity in France and particularly in Charente-Maritime. Marennes-Oleron basin is the first French area of oyster production, especially Pacific  oyster, Crassostrea gigas. But this area is also subjected to many pollution due to anthropic activities. Industrial wastes are sources of mercury pollution in the Charente river. The harmful effects of such contaminants on animals inhabiting these estuarine zones are poorly known, although many studies begin to be developed. Most of these studies use bivalve molluscs as biological indicators : these animals can bioaccumulate pollutants within their tissues by filtration. Moreover, they are sedentary so they cannot escape in the case of a...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Flow cytometry; Haemocytes; Mercury; Crassostrea gigas; Cytométrie de flux; Hémocytes; Mercure; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2002/acte-830.pdf

Size and genotype affect resistance to mortality caused by OsHV-1 in Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Degremont, Lionel.
As with summer mortalities reported in France between 2001 and 2006, mortality caused by the Ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1) in Crassostrea gigas affects mostly juveniles, although adults can also be impacted to a small extent. This could suggest that both mortalities have similar causes and that establishment of resistance, in particular to the Ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1), depends on either the size or the age of oysters. The present study reports an investigation of both size and age using three cohorts produced during winter and three produced during summer. Each cohort contained oysters genetically selected to be resistant or susceptible to the summer mortality phenomenon, as well as unselected control oysters. Any abnormal mortality was recorded...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mortality; Crassostrea gigas; Disease resistance; Size; Age; Ostreid herpesvirus.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00157/26799/24909.pdf

Nutrition and reproduction are key parameters in the interaction process leading to Crassostrea gigas oyster summer mortality in France
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Samain, Jean-francois; Degremont, Lionel; Soletchnik, Patrick; Ropert, Michel; Bedier, Edouard; Mazurie, Joseph; Mazurie, Joseph; Martin, Jean-louis; Moal, Jeanne; Mathieu, Michel; Pouvreau, Stephane; Lambert, Christophe; Escoubas, Jean-michel; Nicolas, Jean-louis; Le Roux, Frédérique; Renault, Tristan; Burgeot, Thierry; Bacher, Cedric; Boudry, Pierre.
Complex interactions between oyster, environment and pathogens were observed during the MOREST (2001-2005) project on summer mortality events of Crassostrea gigas oysters in France. The talk will show how nutrition level increasing reproductive intensity generates a risk for pathogen infection under synergistic effect of temperature and stress. Moreover, a genetic component is associated to specific reproductive performances and spawning behaviour. To better understand origin of such resistance or susceptibility to summer mortality, other characteristics as stress susceptibility, energy management and hemocyte activities of oysters from the two phenotypes were compared. This first comparison suggests interactions between stress, reproduction and defence...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Genetic; Pathologie; Mortality; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oyster; Reproduction; Nutrition; Physilogy.
Ano: 2006
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/acte-3467.pdf

Observations préliminaires sur la reproduction des huîtres dans le bassin de Marennes-Oléron en 1971
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gras, Paul; Comps, Michel; David, A.; Baron, G.
During the summer of 1970 mortality started in the Marennes-Oléron Basin which affected successively adult oysters, 18 year-old oysters and then the oyster spats collected the same year. Only the Portuguese oyster (Crassostrea angulata) was dying whereas the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) showed total resistance. The abnormal fixation of the 1970 spats, followed by an important mortality in this latter, and the large decrease of adult oyster stocks, and therefore of genitors, were also a reason for oyster farmers to worry as the new reproduction season was about to start. Some measures had to be taken in order to compensate for the lack of genitors susceptible of producing a tough and vivacious spat. The good results obtained for a few years with C....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Naissain; Larves; Marennnes Oléron; Crassostrea gigas; Reproduction.
Ano: 1971
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1971/publication-6446.PDF

Ecologie alimentaire de l'huitre Crassostrea gigas : dynamiques des compositions isotopiques naturelles
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Malet, Nathalie.
Trophic transfers of particulate organic matter sources to the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas were investigated in the oyster farming bay of Marennes-Oléron for two years. Stable isotope ratios of carbon and nitrogen were used to trace the origin and fate of primary production and organic matter inputs into the bay, and to depict trophic transfers to oysters that were experimentally reared according to traditional methods. Characterizing particulate organic matter sources available for oysters utilized a combination of hydrobiological parameters and stable isotope ratios. Processes of food incorporation by oysters were described for five organs such as gills, digestive gland, mantle, muscle and gonads, and were interpreted taking into account...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Microphytobenthos; Phytoplankton; Organs; Trophic discrimination; Tissue turnovers; Particulate organic matter; Marennes Oléron Bay; Pertuis Charentais; Stable isotopes; Pacific oysters; Crassostrea gigas; Microphytobenthos; Phytoplancton; Hydrologie; Organes; Enrichissement trophique; Renouvellement tissulaire; Matière organique particulaire; Bassin de Marennes Oléron; Pertuis Charentais; Isotopes stables; Crassostrea gigas; Huître creuse.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/these-2089.pdf

A latitudinal gradient of seasonal temperature variation recorded in oyster shells from the coastal waters of France and The Netherlands
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lartaud, Franck; Emmanuel, Laurent; De Rafelis, Marc; Ropert, Michel; Labourdette, Nathalie; Richardson, Christopher A.; Renard, Maurice.
Cathodoluminescence (CL) microscopy of the foliated calcite shell hinge sections of live-collected oyster Crassostrea gigas collected at seven locations along a latitudinal gradient from the Netherlands in the North Sea to the Atlantic coast of France, revealed variations in luminescence that were attributable to seasonal variations in calcification of the hinge. Photomicrographs of hinge sections and luminescence profiles were analyzed to define a micro-sampling strategy that was adopted to drill the hinge samples to determine their isotopic composition. Reconstructed seasonal seawater temperatures determined from the stable oxygen isotope (delta O-18) composition along growth profiles from 32 oyster shell hinges showed distinct seasonal isotopic cycles...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Seasonality; Palaeotemperatures; Stable isotopes; Cathodoluminescence; Crassostrea gigas; Mollusk shells.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2010/publication-7296.pdf

Storage of Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas in recirculating tank: ammonia excretion and potential nitrification rates
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Buzin, Florence; Dupuy, Beatrice; Lefebvre, Sebastien; Barille, Laurent; Haure, Joel.
In response to the closure of shellfish production sites due to increasing occurrence of toxic algal blooms, land-based recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) could be used by producers to store a proportion of their stock temporarily. An RAS prototype was tested in this study to store Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas over a range of temperatures. In such systems, the water temperature is a variable that could influence the bivalve excretion rate of ammonia, the concentration of which may become critical for the water quality. In this study, we first estimated the total ammonia nitrogen (TAN, N-NH4+ + N-NH3) excretion of the Pacific oyster and then investigated whether the bacterial population associated with the oysters could act as a natural biofilter...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Ammonia excretion; Nitrification rate; Recirculating system; Temperature.
Ano: 2015
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00248/35889/34409.pdf

Compte rendu sur la reproduction des huîtres et des moules dans le bassin de Marennes Oléron pour l'année 1985
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Ratiskol, Jacqueline; Heurtebise, Serge.
Au cours de l'année 1985, le laboratoire CSRU de La Tremblade a pris en charge le suivi de la reproduction des larves d'huîtres et de moules dans le bassin de Marennes Oléron. Les différents points sont choisis en fonction de critères tels que la proximité des bancs géniteurs (gisements naturels d'huîtres ou de moules) et des zones traditionnelles de reproduction des huîtres : Les Doux et Mérignac pour le bassin, Faulx, Coux et Les Roches pour la Seudre, Les Palles et La mouclière pour la Charente.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Reproduction; Larves; Crassostrea gigas; Mytilus edulis; Bassin de Marennes Oléron.
Ano: 1986
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00049/16073/13534.pdf

Optimisation des conditions hydrobiologiques pour la conservation de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas en système re-circulé
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Buzin, Florence.
The maintenance of bivalve commercialisation du ring periods when sales are prohibited represents a major economic issue for shellfish-farming. To ensure their survival and to preserve the oyster Crassostrea gigas quality, their storage in land-based systems has been studied i) out of water in a cold room at 3°C with controlled humidity, enabling the bivalve sensory quality to be retained for 15 days, and ii) in recirculating systems in immersed conditions for 30 days. For the latter, the oysters were stored at 167 kg.m3 density in a tank equipped with an air-lift system, with water treated with UV and thermoregulated. A minimum of food was supplied to avoid mass tissue loss. A temperature of 16°C was defined as optimal to limit mortality and to avoid...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Huître Pacifique; Système re-circulé; Ecophysiologie; Sauvegarde; Modélisation; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oyster; Recirculating system; Ecophysiology; Safeguard; Modelling.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00092/20350/17995.pdf

Mortalité de Crassostrea gigas dans le bassin de Marennes Oléron. Etude physico chimique du sédiment. Etude du modèle de mortalité "plat-table" de C. gigas dans le bassin de Marennes Oléron. Etude "Dynamo" du projet MOREST
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick; Bouchet, Vincent; Malestroit, Pascal; Seugnet, Jean-luc; Blouin, Frederic; Radford-knoery, Joël; Burgeot, Thierry; Sauriau, Pierre-guy.
In the scope of the study of the "on-bottom/off-bottom" mortality model in the south of the Marennes Oléron Bay, the result of the 2003 multidisciplinary study (Dynamor) appears to be the hypothesis of an acute stress, "ultimate" trigger of the mortality episodes in June. In 2004 we aim to look for the nature of this stress through the physico-chemical analysis of the sediment (Eh, pH, sulphides and ammoniacal nitrogen), the organic matter and chlorophyll load on the surface of the sediment between April and July. Herbicides are also measured in the water column, south of the bay (Seudre), during the same period. A "precocious" (around the first week of June) and "weak" (lower mortality rate on this working site since 1997) mortality peak happens when the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bassin Marennes Oléron; Phytobenthos; Mortalité; Crassostrea gigas; Foraminiferes benthiques; Répartition verticale; Sédiment; Huître; Echantillonnage.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/rapport-3383.pdf

Effects of twelve pesticides on larvae of oysters (Crassostrea gigas) and on two species of unicellular marine algae (Isochrysis galbana and Chaetoceros calcitrans)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: His, Edouard; Seaman, Matthias.
The effects of seven herbicides, four insecticides and one molluscicide were tested at concentrations of up to 10 mg/l on larvae of oysters, Crassostrea gigas (9 days exposure), and on laboratory cultures of the algae Isochrysis galbana and Chaeloceros calcilrans (21 days exposure). Ali of the pesticides tested had significant toxic effects on at least one of the test organisms. The strongest effects were those of lindane and isoproturon on survival and growth of C.gigas larvae, and of isoproturon and carbetamide on growth of Isochrysis and Chaeloceros cultures. The log-probit model for the relationship between dosage and effect, and Haber's rule for the relationship between duration of exposure and effect, hardly ever applied to our data. In sorne cases...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Oysters; Crassostrea gigas; Insecticides; Herbicides; Isochrysis galbana; Chaetoceros calcitrans.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00018/12949/9922.pdf

Mortalités estivales de l'huître Crassostrea gigas dans le bassin d'Arcachon : facteurs du milieu, aspects biochimiques et histologiques
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Maurer, Daniele; Comps, Michel.
Previous pathological studies have not permitted to implicate infectious disease in summer mortalities of oysters Crassostrea gigas, in the Arcachon bay. In 1983, these summer mortalities, occurring mostly among 1 year old oysters, have been the subject of new investigations. In order to establish the causes of mortalities, oysters of the same origin were held in two areas characterized by different prevalence of mortality for 6 months, during which measurements of physiological and biochemical condition and certain histological observations were made. The study has been completed by environmental observations. Different rates of mortality appeared between the two selected areas: 30 %in Taussat in the upper part of the bay, under a continental influence...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Histology; Biochemistry; Environment; Summer mortality; Crassostrea gigas; Histologie; Biochimie; Environnement; Mortalité estivale; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1986
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1986/publication-4317.pdf

Utilisation des marqueurs microsatellites pour l'étude des contributions parentales chez l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Boudry, Pierre; Collet, Bertrand; Kotoulas, G.; Hervouet, Veronique; Cornette, Florence; Bonhomme, Francois; Gerard, Andre.
Numerous aquacultural species show very high fertilities. As a consequence, it is possible to produce, in hatcheries, a large amount of sibs from a small amount of parents. The sibs' genetic variability is, of course, directly linked to the number of parents involved, but it may be largely lowered by imbalanced parental contributions. Polymorphic genetic markers are very handy tools in the study of these phenomena in cultivated populations (Harris et al. 1991; Herbinger et al., 1996a; Garcia de Leon et al. 1998) or in natural populations (Ferguson et al, 1995; Kellog et al., 1995; Colbourne et al., 1996; Herbinger et al., 1996b). This document is a presentation of the results of a number of experiments, realised in the scope of the European program...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Microsatellites; Contributions parentales; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1999/acte-3452.pdf

Transcriptomic study of 39 ostreid herpesvirus 1 genes during an experimental infection
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Segarra, Amelie; Faury, Nicole; Pepin, Jean-francois; Renault, Tristan.
Massive mortality outbreaks have been reported in France since 2008 among Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas, with the detection of a particular OsHV-1 variant called μVar. Virus infection can be induced in healthy spat in experimental conditions allowing to better understand the disease process, including viral gene expression.  Although gene expression of other herpesviruses has been widely studied, we provide the first study following viral gene expression of OsHV-1 over time. In this context, an in vivo transcriptomic study targeting 39 OsHV-1 genes was carried out during an experimental infection of Pacific oyster spat. For the first time, several OsHV-1 mRNAs were detected by real-time PCR at 0 h, 2 h, 4 h, 18 h, 26 h and 42 h post injection. Several...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; OsHV-1; Viral gene expression; Inhibitors of apoptosis; Real time PCR; Elongation factor.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00184/29549/27875.pdf

Assessment of oocyte and trochophore quality in Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Boulais, Myrina; Corporeau, Charlotte; Huvet, Arnaud; Bernard, Ismael; Quere, Claudie; Quillien, Virgile; Fabioux, Caroline; Suquet, Marc.
Pacific oyster hatchery production remains highly variable, partially due to inconsistent gamete quality. However, little attention has been paid to oocyte quality in Pacific oyster compared to important vertebrate aquaculture species such as fishes. The aims of the present study were to identify criteria of oocyte and trochophore quality used as predictive tools for embryo developmental success at the D-larval stage. Twenty-six potential proxies of oocyte and trochophore quality were studied on 25 mature females, as determined using histology. Some morphological and biochemical characteristics of mature oocytes were described. Protein appeared to be the main constituent of fully mature Pacific oyster oocytes. Neutral lipids accounted for 61% of the total...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Oocyte quality; Trochophore; Lipid; Gene expression; ATP.
Ano: 2015
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00239/35010/33544.pdf

Effect of nutrition on Crassostrea gigas larval development and the evolution of physiological indices Part B: Effects of temporary food deprivation
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Ben Kheder, Rym; Quere, Claudie; Moal, Jeanne; Robert, Rene.
In the natural environment bivalve larvae are exposed to variable conditions and can therefore face periods of food shortage. To understand the resistance of early life stages of Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas), larvae were experimentally starved for 4 days at different periods of their development, and the resulting variations in their lipid reserves then analysed using image analysis and biochemical techniques. Faced with a temporary lack of food, the larvae halted their growth in size and weight and started to live off their lipid reserves; this effect was highly marked when the period of food deprivation was at the beginning of larval rearing, but was less marked when food deprivation was after day 14. The larvae conserved their developmental...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Larvae; Growth; Metamorphosis; Starvation; Lipids.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00018/12906/10145.pdf

Experimental transmission of a Herpes-like virus to axenic larvae of Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Deuff, Rose-marie; Nicolas, Jean-louis; Renault, Tristan; Cochennec, Nathalie.
A herpes-like virus which was associated with mortalities amongst hatchery-reared larvae of Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas. was observed for the first time in France during the summer 1991 (Nicolas et al.. 1992). Since this first report, we have noted further outbreaks of the disease in the summers of 1992 and 1993 in hatcheries on the western coasts of France in which a similar virus was associated with moribund larvae. Moreover, in the summer 1991, Hine et al. (1992) described a herpes-like virus responsible for larval mortality of hatchery reared C. gigas, in New Zealand. Ail these viruses are c10sely related with respect to their size and morphology and to their apparent cellular tropism for fibroblastic cells.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Transmission; Herpes like virus; Crassostrea gigas; Oysters.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1994/publication-2887.pdf

Etude de la CINétique et DIffusion de la MORtalité (CINDIMOR) chez les juvéniles de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Benabdelmouna, Abdellah; Guyader, Tanguy; Ledu, Christophe; Laporte, Philippe; Degremont, Lionel.
Depuis son introduction en France, l’huître creuse du Pacifique Crassostrea gigas subit des épisodes répétés de mortalité estivale touchant principalement les juvéniles. A partir de 2008, un nouveau pallier a été franchi et ces épisodes de mortalité estivale se sont accrus en intensité, touchant jusqu’à 90% des lots. Actuellement, ces mortalités touchent l’ensemble des façades maritimes ainsi que plusieurs pays utilisant des naissains d’origine Française. L’ostréiculture Française est basée sur l’utilisation majoritaire de naissains sauvages issus d’un captage naturel (75 à 80%) réalisé au niveau des bassins d’Arcachon et de Marennes Oléron en complément avec l’utilisation de naissains, principalement triploïdes, produits par diverses écloseries privées...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Mortalité; Condition d'élevage; Historique des lots.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00063/17405/14910.pdf

Transformation du matériel fécal de Crassostrea gigas: évolution biochimique à court terme
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc; Jousset, Jacques.
Que ce soit dans les études de digestion des mollusques effectuées dans le milieu natural ou en laboratoire, ou pour mesurer l'impact des élevages de mollusques sur les sols sous-jacents, l'étude des biodépôts des mollusques se généralise. Cependant, les temps de séjour dans l'eau peuvent entraîner des modifications très importantes dans la composition de ces biodépôts.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Biochemical changes; Faeces; Crassostrea gigas; Transformtion biochimique; Fèces.
Ano: 1987
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1987/publication-7365.pdf

Les risques conchylicoles en Baie de Quiberon. Première partie : le risque de mortalité virale du naissain d’huître creuse Crassostra gigas. Rapport final du projet Risco 2010-2013
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Mazurie, Joseph; Stanisiere, Jean-yves; Langlade, Aime; Bouget, Jean-francois; Dumas, Franck; Treguier, Cathy; Leclerc, Emilie; Ravaud, Emilie; Quinsat, Kevin; Gabellec, Raoul; Retho, Michael; Cochet, Helene; Dreano, Alain.
This study (“Risco”), implicating both industry, socio-economic experts and biologists, was funded by the Regional Council of Brittany, for 3 years (2010-2013), to investigate upon the origin of oysters (Crassostrea gigas) mortalities in the bay of Quiberon (South Brittany, France). Specific mortalities of adult oysters were recorded in this bay in 2006, whereas mortalities of one year old spat were observed since in 2008 in this bay as at a national scale. The experimental protocol in 2010, including a monthly survey of oyster batches at 15 experimental stations, allowed to assess the risk for one-year oysters, due to viral disease. A clear spatial distribution of this risk was evidenced, with a western area spared from contamination and mortality, and a...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Baie de Quiberon; Crassostrea gigas; Mortalité; Herpès-virus; OsHV-1; Épidémiologie; Modèle.; Quiberon bay; Crassostrea gigas; Mortality; Herpes-virus; OsHV-1; Epidemiology; Model.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00179/29043/27528.pdf

Suivi de l'émission de larves et de la fixation du naissain des huîtres creuses Crassostrea gigas en baie de Bourgneuf durant l'été 2004
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Martin, Jean-louis; Haure, Joel; Dupuy, Beatrice; Nourry, Max; Palvadeau, Hubert; Papin, Mathias; Penisson, Christian; Thouard, Emmanuel.
L'ostréiculture en baie de Bourgneuf connaît depuis quelques années des difficultés qui sont liées à de mauvaises performances de croissance des huîtres mais aussi à une augmentation significative du captage naturel de naissain qui recouvre non seulement les zones de roches mais aussi les infrastructures d'élevage et le cheptel proprement dit. Les études menées depuis 2001 (Haure et al., 2002 ; Barillé et al., 2003 ; Martin et al., 2003 ; Martin et al, sous presse) sur les estimations de stocks d'huîtres dans la baie de Bourgneuf montrent l'importance quantitative des huîtres sauvages par rapport aux huîtres cultivées : le stock d'huîtres sauvages représente plus de la moitié des huîtres cultivées. Il est à la fois la conséquence de la recrudescence du...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Émission de larves; Fixation; Baie de Bourgneuf.
Ano: 2004
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00680/79234/81749.pdf

Le risque sédimentaire
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bedier, Edouard; Fleury, Pierre-gildas; Langlade, Aime; Haure, Joel; Le Roux, A.; Ropert, Michel; Rauflet, Fabienne; Soletchnik, Patrick.
The "sedimentary risk" has been identified since the mid-nineties in the Marennes Oléron Bay. The proximity of the sediment (from 0 to 15cms) increases the mortality rate. Depending on the year, mortality can be 10 to 20 % higher than in "high" conditions (50 to 70cms). These zootechnic results, gathered since 1996 on the working site of Ronces – Perquis, lead to the research of a pathogenic agent or a toxic substance released by the sediment. Studies conducted between 2002 and 2003 [12, 18] did not allow the identification of any pathogenic agents and ruled out the infectious risk. In 2004, the chemical risk (sulphides, ammoniacal nitrogen) was studied on 4 sites (3 working sites + Quiberon). In 2004, the "on-bottom/off bottom" mortality model of the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: MOREST; Hydrologie; Zootechnie; Sédimentologie; Mortalités; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/acte-3411.pdf

Observations sur la reproduction des huîtres dans la Seudre (Bassin de Marennes-Oléron) en 1972
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Borgne, Annick; Gras, Paul; Comps, Michel; Razet, Daniel.
Après la mortalité massive de 19701-71 qui entraîna la quasi-disparition de l'huître portugaise (Crassostrea angulata), on assite depuis trois ans à l'extension de la culture de l'huître du Pacifique (Crassostrea gigas) dans le bassin de Marennes-Oléron. Cette espèces introduite en fait depuis 1966 montra durant la période de mortalité massive une vigueur et une résistance exceptionnelles, comparativement à l'huître portugaise.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ostréiculture; Huître; Crassostrea gigas; Reproduction; Bassin Marennes Oléron; Charente-Maritime.
Ano: 1973
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00009/12006/8698.pdf

Approche de l'état physiologique de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas au cours d'un cycle saisonnier à Marennes-Oléron
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Moal, Jeanne; Samain, Jean-francois; Bodoy, Alain; Le Coz, Jean-rene.
The energy charge was measured for two Crassostrea gigas populations, during an annual survey at Marennes Oleron, to appreciate the condition of health of these oysters. It is assumed that the actual decrease in production of this area is related to a biomass overload which affects the oysters by lowering their scope for growth. Energy charge, an index developped by ATKINSON (1968), defines the energy equilibrium of organisms. It is the adenylic nucleotide ratio: E.C = (ATP + 1/2ADP)/ATP + ADP + AMP). We have measured this parameter to determine the state of health of these oysters. A methodological study has been conducted previously to define the conditions of sampling, conservation and extraction for a HPLC assay. The HPLC method (high performance...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marennes Oleron; Seasonal variations; Crassostrea gigas; Physiological indice; Nucleotides; Energy charge; Marennes Oléron; Cycle saisonnier; Crassostrea gigas; Indiced physiologique; Nucléotides; Charge énergétique.
Ano: 1987
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1987/publication-2869.pdf

Ressources génétiques chez l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas : variabilité, différenciation et adaptation aux conditions de production en Charente Maritime
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Huvet, Arnaud; Boudry, Pierre; Baud, Jean-pierre; Nourry, Max; Phelipot, Pascal; Gerard, Andre; Ledu, Christophe; Heurtebise, Serge; Cornette, Florence; Blouin, Frederic; Bedier, Edouard; Lapegue, Sylvie.
es marqueurs génétiques, particulièrement bien adaptés à ces problématiques car hypervariables, ont été mis au point récemment dans notre laboratoire en collaboration avec le laboratoire Génome et Populations de Montpellier (CNRS). Ils permettent désormais l'analyse approfondie et la discrimination fine de populations d'huîtres creuses Crassostrea gigas et de rechercher si certaines d'entre-elles n'auraient pas des caractéristiques intéressantes pour l'ostréiculture locale (croissance, résistance estivale, affinage ... ). La diffusion de telles populations auprès de la profession serait plus rapide car il s'agit de la même espèce. Selon les recommandations du CIEM, il faut effectuer une mise en quarantaine des huîtres importées (après contrôles sanitaires)...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Génétique des populations; Marqueurs génétiques; Microsatellite; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00044/15563/12952.pdf

Duality of trophic supply and hydrodynamic connectivity drives spatial patterns of Pacific oyster recruitment
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lagarde, Franck; Fiandrino, Annie; Ubertini, Martin; Roque D'Orbcastel, Emmanuelle; Mortreux, Serge; Chiantella, Claude; Bec, Beatrice; Bonnet, Delphine; Roques, Cécile; Bernard, Ismael; Richard, Marion; Guyondet, Thomas; Pouvreau, Stephane; Lett, Christophe.
The recent discovery of Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas (also known as Magallana gigas) spatfields in a Mediterranean lagoon intensely exploited for shellfish farming (Thau lagoon) revealed significant contrasts in spatial patterns of recruitment. We evaluated the processes that drive spatial patterns in oyster recruitment by comparing observed recruitment, simulated hydrodynamic connectivity and ecological variables. We hypothesized that spatial variability of recruitment depends on (1) hydrodynamic connectivity and (2) the ecology of the larval supply, settlement, metamorphosis, survival and biotic environmental parameters. We assessed recruitment at 6-8 experimental sites by larval sampling and spat collection inside and outside oyster farming areas...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Coastal lagoon; Larval ecology; Spatial patterns; Connectivity; Settlement; Recruitment; Oligotrophication.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00598/70981/69271.pdf

Contrat de Plan Etat Région Poitou-Charentes 1994-1998. Convention 97 RPC R 58 - Programme Pathologie - Rapport Scientifique année 1997
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Renault, Tristan; Berthe, Franck; Thebault, Anne; Lipart, Cecile; Chollet, Bruno; Haffner, Philippe; Cochennec, Nathalie.
Le but de ce programme pathologie est de rechercher et d'étudier les agents pathogènes connus et inconnus chez les mollusques bivalves marins, plus particulièrement chez l'huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas, afin d'identifier d'éventuels agents causant des mortalités, de proposer des mesures prophylactiques et de définir des conditions zootechniques permettant aux professionnels de limiter l'impact des maladies sur leur cheptel. La présence de maladies, chez les mollusques bivalves marins dont l'impact socio économique peut être catastrophique pour les productions conchylicoles, et l'accroissement des échanges de produits d'aquaculture entre les pays de la CEE et avec les pays tiers nécessitent le renforcement des recherches dans les domaines de la...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Pathologie; Pathogènes; Virus; Herpès virus; Crassostrea gigas; Diagnostic; Herpesviridae.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00043/15454/12829.pdf

Physiological and molecular basis of gametogenesis in triploid Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Normand, Julien; Huvet, Arnaud; Fabioux, Caroline; Raguenes, Morgane; Boudry, Pierre.
Genetic improvement of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, can be achieved through triploidisation, which leads to partially sterility, allowing higher growth and survival together with improved meat quality during the reproductive period. Most triploids are not fully sterile and the genetic and environmental factors involved in their partial fertility remained to be investigated.  We examined gametogenesis by image analysis of histological cross sections in diploid (2n) and triploid oysters obtained either by crossing tetraploids and diploid broodstock (« natural » triploids: 3nn) or from second polar body retention (« chemical » triploids: 3nc).  5-month old triploid spat reared in a standard intensive nursery system only showed a reduction of 50% of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Gametogenesis; Triploid; Crassostrea gigas; Genetic; Oysters.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/acte-3327.pdf

Toxicité d'un désherbant, l'atrazine-simazine, sur les jeunes stades larvaires de Crassostrea gigas et sur deux algues fourrages, Isochrysis aff-galbana et Chaestoceros calcitrans
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Robert, Rene; His, Edouard; Maurer, Daniele.
Corn culture has strongly developed in Aquitaine (France) over the past years, and lead to an increased use of pesticides and herbicides. One of the most commonly used formulations around the coast of the Arcachon Bay, an historical oyster spat capture zone, is the Atrazine-Simazine mix. The action limits of this product are defined on Crassostrea gigas larvae and on two nanoplankton test strains used in a controlled environment for their food, Isochrysis aff-galbana and Chaetoceros calcitrans. Herbicides can indeed directly impact on oyster larvae, but they can also have a negative impact by interfering with the development of the algae used as aquaculture feed and feed for veligeres.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Chaestoceros calcitrans; Isochrysis aff galbana; Algues unicellulaires; Crassostrea gigas; LARVES; Simazine; Atrazine; Ecotoxicologie.
Ano: 1985
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1985/acte-6183.PDF

Development of SNPs and their use for the identification of summer mortality resistance QTLs in the Pacific oyster (Crassotrea gigas)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Sauvage, Christopher; Lapegue, Sylvie; Bierne, Nicolas; Boudry, Pierre.
Summer mortalities of the Pacific cupped oyster Crassostrea gigas have been described in the literature for decades. One solution to overcome this problem would be to select animals more tolerant to summer mortalities, as this trait was shown to be highly heritable (Degrémont, 2003). The identification of markers associated to the resistance would allow to better understand this complex phenomenon and, eventually to establish markers assisted selection. Recently, two moderately dense genetic linkage maps have been established in the Pacific oyster based on microsatellites and AFLP markers (Hubert and Hedgecock, 2004; Li and Guo, 2004). In this context, the development and mapping of SNPs will increase the density of the linkage map and consequently the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: QTLs analyses; Summer mortaliy; Genetic; SNPs; Crassostrea gigas; Oyster.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/acte-3351.pdf

Effects of a parental exposure to diuron on Pacific oyster spat methylome
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Rondon Sallan, Rodolfo; Grunau, Christoph; Fallet, Manon; Charlemagne, Nicolas; Sussarellu, Rossana; Chaparro, Cristian; Montagnani, Caroline; Mitta, Guillaume; Bachere, Evelyne; Akcha, Farida; Cosseau, Celine.
Environmental epigenetic is an emerging field that studies the cause-effect relationship between environmental factors and heritable trait via an alteration in epigenetic marks. This field has received much attentions since the impact of environmental factors on different epigenetic marks have been shown to be associated with a broad range of phenotypic disorders in natural ecosystems. Chemical pollutants have been shown to affect immediate epigenetic information carriers of several aquatic species but the heritability of the chromatin marks and the consequences for long term adaptation remain open questions. In this work, we investigated the impact of the diuron herbicide on the DNA methylation pattern of spat from exposed Crassotrea gigas genitors. This...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Mollusk; DNA methylation; Herbicide; Epigenetic.
Ano: 2017
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00602/71413/69895.pdf

Overwiew on molecular tools in bivalve shellfish aquaculture
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Boudry, Pierre; Saavedra, Carlos.
Dr. Boudry presented an overview of the current development of molecular tools in shellfish bivalves, focussing on the recent development in oysters, species to which the most efforts are dedicated. This review was prepared together with Dr. Saavedra (Mollusc Research Group, Torre de la Sal, Spain) within the Fish and Shellfish group of the EU Network of Excellence "Marine Genomics Europe". Searches in DNA sequence databank ("GenBank") show that 4% are microsatellite sequences, 23% are mitochondrial sequences and the remaining 73 % other nuclear sequences. Among these, 75% concern oyster (Crassostrea) species, 15% mussel (Mytilus) species and 10% scallop (Argopecten) species. Some of these sequences were targeted as candidate genes related to known...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: QTLs; Mitochondrial geneome; Crassostrea virginica; Crassostrea gigas; Crassostrea; Shellfish bivalves; Molecular tools; Genetic.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/acte-3480.pdf

Impact de facteurs environnementaux sur l'aneuploïdie chez l'huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas, dans le bassin de Marennes-Oléron
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bouilly, Karine.
The impact of environmental factors on aneuploidy level in the oyster Crassostrea gigas was studied with experiments in controlled conditions which exposed adult and juvenile oysters to different pollutants (atrazine, a herbicide, and cadmium, a heavy metal) frequently found in Marennes-Oléron Bay. A positive correlation between atrazine concentration and aneuploidy in C. gigas was observed. Moreover, the impact of atrazine on aneuploidy level persisted in time both within and between generations, demonstrating the influence of an environmental pollution on this phenomenon. On the other hand, the aneuploidy level of C. gigas was not influenced at the cadmium concentrations tested. Significant differences in aneuploidy levels were observed in oysters...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marennes Oléron Bay; Cadmium; Atrazine; Environmental factors; Aneuploidy; Crassostrea gigas; Bassin de Marennes Oléron; Cadmium; Atrazine; Facteurs environnementaux; Aneuploïdie; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/these-326.pdf

Programme Herpèsvirus. Synthèse des travaux réalisés au Laboratoire IFREMER de La Tremblade - Mars 1996 - Février 1997
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Renault, Tristan; Le Deuff, Rose-marie; Lipart, Cecile; Chollet, Bruno; Haffner, Philippe.
Ce rapport représente la synthèse des travaux réalisés de mars 1996 à février 1997 au laboratoire de Génétique, Aquaculture et Pathologie de la station IFREMER de La Tremblade, dans le cadre de l'étude du virus de type herpès observé chez les huîtres et de la mise au point de méthodes de diagnostic. La majorité des travaux rapportés ici de façon complète, a déjà fait l'objet de comptes rendus intermédiaires.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Pathologie; Herpèsvirus; Herpesviridae; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Huître plate; Ostrea edulis; Virus; Détection; ¨Protocole; ADN; PCR.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00165/27663/25838.pdf

Etude des mortalités de naissain en poche à Fouras
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Raude, Maëlle.
L'huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas, est connue pour être une espèce de mollusque bivalve marin d'un intérêt économique très important. Hors, des mortalités anormales, durant les périodes estivales, ont été constatées sur le naissain d'huître creuse en France depuis 1993. Un virus de type Herpès a été associé à certaines de ces mortalités. Aussi, chez les adultes, de fortes mortalités ont été également rapportées et semblent être associées à une détresse physiologique au moment de la reproduction. Les objectifs de cette étude sont d'optimiser l'indicateur de mortalité, de confirmer la cinétique du virus et le rôle ou non des facteurs physiologiques, de compléter une base de données de pathologie intégrée au sein d'un logiciel d'information géographique...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mortalité estivale; Crassostrea gigas; Virus de type Herpès; Gamétogénèse.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00368/47928/47956.pdf

Suivi de la reproduction des huîtres - Saison 1997
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Faury, Nicole.
Le suivi de la reproduction des huîtres s'est déroulé du 23 juin au 3 septembre 1997. Cette année, six points du bassin de Marennes-Oléron était concernés contre quatre l'an dernier : En Charente : La Mouclière et Les Palles. Au centre du Bassin : Les Doux et Mérignac. En Seudre: Coux et les Faulx; Cette opération est contractualisée avec la Section Régionale de Marennes-Oléron
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Reproduction; Captage; Naissain; Crassostrea gigas; Marennes Oléron.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00072/18289/15861.pdf

Essais d'amélioration de la qualité des huîtres creuses, Crassostrea gigas, en milieu naturel (claires)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gras, Marie-paule; Gras, Paul.
Depuis l'extension de la culture de Crassostrea gigas, la qualité de ces huîtres creuses apparaît très variable au moment de leur commercialisation en fin d'année. En vue d'essayer d'améliorer la qualité de ces bivalves, nous nous sommes efforcés de comparer simultanément l'influence de différents apports nutritifs sur des huîtres provenant d'un lot homogène, mises à l'affinage en claires : bassins creusés dans des terrains plats et argileux, dont l'alimentation en eau de mer se fait à certains coefficients de marée. Les anciens marais-salants de la région de Marennes-Oléron, aujourd'hui presque tous désaffectés, ont été pour la plupart transformés en claires à huîtres
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ostréiculture; Huître; Crassostrea gigas; Physiologie; Nutrition; Claire ostréicole; Marennes Oléron; Charente-Maritime.
Ano: 1976
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00009/12008/8700.pdf

Contribution à l'étude de vibrions pathogènes d'huîtres creuses Crassostrea gigas - Interactions hémocytes-vibrions et développement de tests de diagnostic d'intérêt taxonomique
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Duperthuy, Marylise.
Les bactéries du genre Vibrio représentent le groupe le plus fréquemment associé à des maladies infectieuses chez les mollusques marins et notamment l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas. A ce jour trois espèces de Vibrio pathogènes d'huîtres creuses V. splendidus, V. aestuarianus et récemment V. coralliitycus ont été identifiés en France. La prévention des mortalités associées à ces vibrioses repose sur une meilleure compréhension des interactions hôte-pathogène et sur l'utilisation de techniques de diagnostic rapides à mettre en oeuvre et fiables. Ce travail a permis d'une part de caractériser la dynamique de phagocytose de vibrions par les cellules immunocompétentes de l'huître, les hémocytes. La mise au point d'un protocole d'analyse en cytométrie de flux...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Vibrio splendidus; Vibrio aestuarianus; Vibrio corralliitycus; Hémocytes; Phagocytose; Cytométrie de flux; Diagnostic; PCRq.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00033/14452/11753.pdf

Croissance, engraissement et cycle sexuel de Crassostrea gigas dans le Bassin d'Arachon: comparaison des huîtres agées de 1 et 2 ans
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Maurer, Daniele; Borel, Michel.
Two-year-old oysters have a physiology which is reproduction-oriented, their maturation occurring synchronously among oysters from the same batch. The importance of the spring accumulation of glycogenated stocks varies through the years and correlates with the growth stage. Glucidic components are quickly used during the month preceding egg-laying and are transformed into lipid stocks for the oocytes. One-year-old oysters develop at different rates, some of them not showing any sign of maturation and the percentage of laying individuals varies through the years. Glycogenated stocks accumulate in a similar way in both age-classes and their more precocious and more intense use by young molluscs is not necessarily linked with their gametogenesis and growth,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bay of Arcachon; Maturation; Biochemistry; Crassostrea gigas; Bassin d'Arcachon; Maturation; Biochimie; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1985
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1985/acte-6182.PDF

Effects of genetic drift and selection at larval stage resulting from hatchery practices in the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Taris, Nicolas; Sauvage, Christopher; Ernande, Bruno; Batista, Frederico; Boudry, Pierre.
Hatchery techniques are now well handled in an increasing number of aquaculture species. However, unintentional effects of domestication often remain poorly documented. In this context, we studied how current hatchery practices may genetically influence larval traits for which significant genetic variation had previously been reported in the Pacific oyster. Two main factors were studied: culling (i.e. discarding the smallest larvae) and rearing temperature (26°C versus 20°C). In parallel, we estimated genetic diversity of broodstock populations sampled in French hatcheries. Finally, we compared larval development and settlement success in the progeny of one of these hatchery broodstock, which had been selected for seven generations, with those of wild...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Genetic drift; Selection; Genetic; Crassostrea gigas; Oysters; Hatchery techniques.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/acte-3362.pdf

Action de l'acétate de tributyle-étain sur les oeufs et les larves D de deux mollusques d'intérêt commercial : Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg) et Mytilus galloprovincialis (Lmk)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Robert, Rene; His, Edouard.
The Tributyl tin acetate, a component of certain antifouling paints, has deleterious effects on eggs and D shaped larvae from Crassostrea gigas at 5 p.p.b. (HIS &amp; ROBERT, 1980). Here we have tested concentrations as low as 1 p.p.b. on eggs and on 24 hours old larvae both from Crassostrea gigas and Mytilus galloprovincialis. The same results are got ; this product kills embryos and larvae in a few days ; it prevents growth of 24 hours old larvae exposed to this toxic. Mussels larvae seem to be less sensitive.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Antifouling; Larves; Pollution; Toxicité; Bivalvia; Crassostrea gigas; Mytilus galloprovincialis; Antifouling; Larvae; Pollution; Toxicity; Bivalvia; Crassostrea gigas; Mytilus galloprovincialis.
Ano: 1981
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00037/14862/12185.pdf

Spécificités des mollusques, conditions de mise en oeuvre chez l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas à l'échelle de l'écloserie et premiers résultats de terrain
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gerard, Andre.
The reproduction effort in Crassostrea gigas, as in most bivalve molluscs, has priority over their somatic growth. At the beginning of spring, the energetic metabolic processes are geared towards gametogenesis over glucidic stocks, thus inducing a slowing down of the growth and a change in the organoleptic qualities of the flesh (Héral &amp; Deslous-Paoli, 1983). The same authors showed that this effort increases along with age (figure 1). In young one-year-old oysters, the energy is mostly burnt in growth, only 18 % is involved in reproduction, whereas in two-year-old oysters, 60 to 65 % of the energy is used for gamete formation (Deslous-Paoli &amp; Héral, 1983). In order to limit the impact of gonadogenesis and to try and re-orientate this energy flux...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Triploidisation; Ecloserie; Génétique; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1994/acte-6528.pdf

Etude des agents pathogènes et épidémiologie
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Renault, Tristan; Le Roux, Frederique; Berthe, Franck; Robert, Maeva; Chollet, Bruno; Gerard, Andre.
Le programme 4 portant sur la pathologie des coquillages dans le cadre d'une gestion durable des productions ostréicoles, comporte 2 actions principales réparties en une étude d'épidémiologie analytique et descriptive des agents pathogènes (Action 1), et l'étude des relations hôtes/agents pathogènes (Action 2). Les résultats 2001 présentés ici sont relatifs à ces 2 actions, avec notamment des informations sur les infections à virus de type herpès, et de recherche de bactéries pathogènes chez Crassostrea gigas lors des épisodes de mortalités estivales. Par ailleurs, l'émergence d'un programme national, intitulé MOREST (pour Mortalités Estivales) sur l' huître creuse C. gigas va permettre de rappeler le contexte scientifique des relations hôtes/pathogènes.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Pathologie; Agents pathogènes; Epidémiologie; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00199/31011/29414.pdf

Ecophysiologie de la maturation sexuelle et de la ponte de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas : réponses métaboliques (respiration) et alimentaires (filtration, absorption) en fonction des différents stades de maturation
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick; Razet, Daniel; Geairon, Philippe; Faury, Nicole; Goulletquer, Philippe.
The study of sexual maturation and spawning in the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) is part of a vast research programme that endeavours to understand the causes of mortality that occur sporadically during the spring and summer seasons in the Marennes-Oléron Bay. Thermal and diet conditioning were used to obtain oysters at each stage of maturity simultaneously. Using the measured rates of clearance, consumption, absorption and respiration provided estimates of growth potential and gave the energetic budget of oysters at different stages of sexual maturity. Physiological responses were similar for males and females. Filtration decreased from 2.4 to 2.6 l.h (-1) to 1.8 l.h (-1) with increasing maturity. Weight gain was associated with gonad development and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ponte; Maturation; Crassostrea gigas; Ecophysiologie.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1997/acte-3251.pdf

Réseau trophique du bassin de Marennes-Oléron (rapport 1996). Région Poitou-Charentes
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bacher, Cedric; Blanchard, Gerard; Bougrier, Serge; Cariou-le Gall, Valerie; Delmas, D.; Deslous Paoli, Jean-marc; Dinet, A.; Garet, Marie-josee; Geairon, Philippe; Jonquieres, Gerard; Laisne, A.; Maffei, E.; Montagna, P. A.; De Montaudouin, Xavier; Morin, S.; Richard, P.; Riera, Pascal; Sauriau, Pierre-guy; Vrignaud, N.
Les cartographies annuelles des biomasses microphytobenthiques ont été réalisées pour le bassin de Marennes-Oléron. Parallèlement les cartographies des caractéristiques sédimentaires ont été établies simultanément aux cartes d'abondance et biomasse macrofauniques en portant un effort particulier sur les densités des compétiteurs des huîtres notamment les Crépidules. Simultanément les études des mécanismes contrôlant le réseau trophique sur la vasière de Brouage ont été poursuivies notamment les relations entre les flux de sels nutritifs et le microphytobenthos. L'importance de ce dernier compartiment dans la nutrition de l'huître a été clairement mis en évidence par l'utilisation des traçeurs isotopiques naturels. Enfin, les caractéristiques de filtration...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bassin de Marennes Oléron; Microphytobenthos; Physiologie; Crassostrea gigas; Crépidules; Modèle réseau trophique; Cartographie; Charente-Maritime.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00102/21294/18911.pdf

CAPRETAR : Etude comparative des caractéristiques cytogénétiques et des performances de survie de naissains sauvages issus du CAPtage PREcoce ou TARdif
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Benabdelmouna, Abdellah; Hemissi, Issam; Bodin, Stephane; Robert, Stephane; Ledu, Christophe; Laporte, Philippe.
L'action de recherche CAPRETAR (CAptage PREcoce ou TARdif: 2009-2010) a été réalisée dans le cadre du Contrat de Plan Etat Région - Poitou Charentes (CPER-PC 2007- 2013) développement durable des Pertuis Charentais. Cette action, s 'inscrit dans le cadre d 'un lien direct qui existerait entre la nature précoce/tardive d 'un captage naturel et la qualité des naissains de l'huître creuse C. gigas qui en sont issus (qualité génétique : « R » résistante ou « S » sensible et qualité génomique : taux des aneuploïdies et des dommages à l'ADN). L'objectif de cette action vise à estimer durant l 'année (2010) les performances relatives de survie de naissains issus d 'un captage précoce ou tardif réalisé l'année précédente (2009). Les résultats escomptés visent à...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Cytogénétique; Captage; Reproduction; Huîtres creuses; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00062/17283/14794.pdf

Spatial patterns in the condition index of the wild Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas in a macrotidal coastal ecosystem: Influence of tidal processes and beyond
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gasmi, Sonia; Bernard, Ismael; Pouvreau, Stephane; Maurer, Daniele; Schaal, Gauthier; Ganthy, Florian; Cominassi, Louise; Allain, Gwenhael; Sautour, Benoit; David, Valerie.
In macrotidal coastal ecosystems, spatial heterogeneity of the water column properties is induced by both oceanic and continental influences. Hydrodynamic processes generate a land-sea gradient of environmental conditions, affecting the biological performances of sedentary organisms. The aim of the present study is to establish an extensive spatial assessment in the reproductive investment of the wild Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas in Arcachon Bay. This is done by looking for a relationship between the Lawrence and Scott condition index (LSCI) and two tidal processes: the immersion level (IL) and the local oceanic flushing time (LoFt). The LSCI of C. gigas was assessed, just before gamete release, at 68 sampling stations in Arcachon Bay. Oyster...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Reproductive investment; Crassostrea gigas; Macrotidal lagoon; Immersion level; Oceanic flushing; Environmental variability.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00357/46803/46670.pdf

Reproductive effort and growth in Crassostrea gigas: comparison of young diploid and triploid oysters issued from natural crosses or chemical induction
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Normand, Julien; Ernande, Bruno; Haure, Joel; Mccombie, Helen; Boudry, Pierre.
Early reproductive effort and growth were measured in 3 groups of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas: 1 diploid group and 2 triploid groups resulting from either chemical induction (3nCB) or crosses between tetraploid and diploid parents (3nDT). Oysters were reared under intensive nursery conditions and sampled when 5 mo old. Reproductive effort was estimated by cross-sectional area measurements of the visceral mass (i.e. gonadic occupation) and maturation stage was assessed by qualitative histology. As expected, comparison of the reproductive patterns of these 3 groups revealed a lower reproductive effort in triploid individuals relative to diploid. However, gonadic occupation in triploid oysters was higher than expected in both 3nCB and 3nDT groups, as...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Triploidy; Oyster; Gametogenesis; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/publication-6978.pdf

A Dynamic Energy Budget (DEB) growth model for Pacific oyster larvae, Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Rico-villa, Benjamin; Bernard, Ismael; Robert, Rene; Pouvreau, Stephane.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Dynamic Energy Budget; Crassostrea gigas; Bivalve larvae; Ecophysiology; Growth.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00009/11996/9040.pdf

Optimisation d'une méthode standardisée de choc thermique sur des juvéniles de Crassostrea gigas : application à des populations d'ecloseries
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Catois, Stéphane; Haure, Joel; Martin, J-l.; Nourry, Max; Palvadeau, Hubert; Baud, Jean-pierre.
Mortality among juvenile Crassostrea gigas has been occuring during the summer months since 1995 and is now considered to be a real problem for French oyster culture. The aim of this study was to standardise the stress that could be applied to Crassostrea gigas spat. In initial experiments in 1998, the weight of individual spat and the duration of a heat shock at 50°C in freshwater, adapted for oysters of between 500 and 2000 mg, were built into a model to obtain 50% mortality. However, the precision was low (50%) and will need to be improved in the future. Following this, hatchery-produced juveniles weighing 10 to 500 mg were subjected to heat shock at 45°C in heshwater ; the duration of the shock was calculated based on a model built in 1997. The results...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Stress; Choc thermique; Mortalité; Crassostrea gigas; Stress; Heat shock; Mortality.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00080/19095/16690.pdf

Composition en éléments azotés minéraux et orgnaiques dissous de l'eau du bassin conchylicole de Marennes-Oléron
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Heral, Maurice; Robert, Jean-michel; Truquet, Isabelle; Barbaroux, Olivier; Garnier, Jacqueline; Razet, Daniel.
Values of nitrogen nutrients (ammonia, nitrite and nitrate) are compared with values of total organic nitrogen and urea. In summer, the consumation by micro and macrophytes is added to less important telluric input of nineral nitroge. However, an important provision of organic nitrogen remains. On the contrary, in winter, organic nitrogen does not represent more than 10% of total nitrogen. The autors postulate that populations of oysters are at the starting point of the organic nitrogen production cycle.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Biochimical composition; Oysters; Crassostrea gigas; Composition biochimique; Huîtres.
Ano: 1981
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1981/acte-2940.pdf

Ecophysiological deterministic model for Crassostrea gigas in an estuarine environment
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Barille, Laurent; Heral, Maurice; Barilleboyer, Al.
An ecophysiological deterministic model of growth, reproduction and interactions between the bivalve and its estuarine environ ment was established for the Japanese oyster Crassostrea gigas. The environmental variables used in the model are: total particulate matter, particulate organic matter, particulate inorganic matter, chlorophyll, phaeopigments, proteins, lipids and carbohydrates. Rates of clearance, filtration, ingestion, absorption and respiration along with efficiencies of retention, selection and absorption are modelled with endogenous (dry weight of the animal, energy allocation between growth and reproduction) and exogenous variables (temperature, food quality and quantity). The model simulate the temporal evolution of two compartments: somatic...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassoslrea gigas; Croissance; Écophysiologie; Modélisation; Turbidité; Crassostrea gigas; Ecophysiology; Growth; Modelling; Turbidity.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00038/14892/12219.pdf

Rapid accumulation of an interleukin 17 homolog transcript in Crassostrea gigas hemocytes following bacterial exposure
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Roberts, S; Gueguen, Yannick; De Lorgeril, Julien; Goetz, F.
Interleukin-17 (IL-17) gene models have been found in the sequenced genomes of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus and Caenorhabditis elegans. However, there have been no published reports on the empirical cloning and characterization of any interleukin cDNAs in invertebrates. From a Pacific oyster (Crossostrea gigas) hemocyte cDNA library, two clones were obtained that encoded a protein similar to vertebrate IL-17s. The putative oyster IL-17 homolog (CgIL-17) was 27% identical to rainbow trout IL-17D, 21% to human IL-17D and 24% to an IL-17D-like gene model obtained from the annotation of the sea urchin genome. IL-17s from the oyster, sea urchin, trout and human, contained conserved cysteine residues found in all forms of IL-17 in mammals. Injection of bacteria...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Invertebrate innate immunity; Crassostrea gigas; Invertebrate cytokines; Hemocytes; Pacific oyster; Interleukin.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/publication-4151.pdf

Mitochondrial and nuclear DNA phylogeography of  two cupped oysters Crassostrea gigas and Crassostrea angulata
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Boudry, Pierre; Huvet, Arnaud.
The taxonomic status of Crassostrea angulata and Crassostrea gigas has long been a matter of controversy. Morphological and physiological similarities, as well as homogeneity in allelic frequencies on allozymes between the populations of the two taxa, lead most authors to suggest to regroup of the two within the same species. European and Asian populations of C. gigas and C. angulata have been studied using microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA markers. The analysis of genetic distances and the distribution of allelic and haplotype frequencies revealed a differentiation between the populations of C. gigas and C. angulata. The data allowed the construction of Neighbor-joining trees for each of the two types of markers. Similar topologies appeared with data...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mitochondrial DNA; Nuclear DNA; Phylogeography; Crassostrea angulata; Crassostrea gigas; Genetic; Oyster.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1999/acte-3434.pdf

Session de formation à l'utilisation de la technique PCR pour le diagnostic de l'infection à Herpèsvirus chez les huîtres
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Renault, Tristan; Le Deuff, Rose-marie; Lipart, Cecile.
Parmi les maladies infectieuses observées chez les mollusques bivalves marins, les viroses sont souvent mal connues, en raison d'une certaine inadéquation des techniques d'identification et de diagnostic généralement mises en oeuvre lors de phénomènes de mortalité. En effet, la microscopie photonique a été et reste encore, dans de nombreux laboratoires travaillant sur les pathologies des mollusques, la technique de base pour l'analyse des échantillons. Cette technique reste insuffisante en cas de pathologie d'origine virale si elle n'est pas complétée par d'autres approches (microscopie électronique à transmission, recherche d'effets cytopathogènes sur monocouches cellulaires et réactifs de diagnostic spécifiques). Aucune lignée de mollusques bivalves...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Pathologie; Technique laboratoire; PCR; Diagnostic; Herpèsvirus; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00044/15501/12870.pdf

Observations sur la résistance d'huîtres du genre Crassostrea au cours de la mortalité massive de 1970-1971 dans le bassin de Marennes-Oléron
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Comps, Michel.
Depuis plusieurs années on a constaté une baisse sensible de la productivité dans l'exploitation des parcs et claires à huîtres du bassin de Marennes-Oléron. En outre l'huître portugaise (Crassostrea angulata Lmk) élevée dans cette zone ostréicole devait subir en 1966 et 1967 les effets de la maladie des branchies qui entraîna des pertes appréciables (Franc &amp; Arvy, 1970). Au cours de l'été 1970, parallèlement à des perturbations dans la reproduction, s'amorça une mortalité massive qui au printemps 1971 affectait environ 70% du cheptel.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ostréiculture; Huître; Crassostrea angulata; Crassostrea gigas; Physiologie; Pathologie; Mortalité; Marennes Oléron; Charente Maritime.
Ano: 1972
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00009/11980/8684.pdf

Antiviral immunity in the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas: last development and perspective
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Renault, Tristan; Faury, Nicole; Barbosa, Valerie; Moreau, Kevin; Haffner, Philippe; Pepin, Jean-francois.
Herpes-like viruses have been reported last decades in various marine mollusc species in association with mortality outbreaks throughout the world (Renault &amp; Novoa 2004). One of these viruses isolated during French outbreaks has been characterised as an unassigned member of the Herpesviridae family and named ostreid herpes virus 1 (OsHV-1) or Pacific oyster herpes virus (Davison et al. 2005). Studying anti-viral non-specific defence mechanisms (innate immunity) is of great interest, because they constitute the only one in molluscs. Therefore, innate immunity has be investigated in the Pacific cupped oyster, Crassostrea gigas. The main aim of the work was focused on the identification and the characterisation of genes induced by OsHV-1 in the Pacific...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Pathoogy; Protein gene; Immunity; Herpesviridae; OsHV 1; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oyster.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/acte-4035.pdf

Microsatellite markers as a tool to study reproductive success in the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg), under controlled hatchery conditions
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Boudry, Pierre; Collet, Bertrand; Cornette, Florence; Hervouet, Veronique; Bonhomme, Francois.
Oysters, like many marine species have a very high fecundity. Previous studies have shown that populations, from both hatcheries and the natural environment, have very low Ne/N ratios. These observations reveal high variation in reproductive success. In order to study individual reproductive success under controlled conditions, we used microsatellite markers to quantify parental contributions in in vitro crosses (5 males and 5 females) of  Crassostrea gigas,  the Pacific oyster. High polymorphism of the microsatellites (more that 50 alleles per locus) eased the parentage identifications. The results of a cross allowing gametic competition were compared with the results from a second cross where the gametes of the same parents were kept separate for each...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Genetic; Hatchery; Microsatellite markers; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oysters.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2000/acte-3457.pdf

Approche de la capacité trophique dans un bassin ostréicole (Baie de Bourgneuf)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Haure, Joel.
Une étude spatio-temporelle a été menée de mars 1990 à mars 1991 sur deux stations ostréicoles (nord et sud), de la baie de Bourgneuf. Cette étude se divise en deux parties distinctes : - L'une, hydrobiologique a permis, par des prélèvements hebdomadaires à basse mer plus trois heures, de caractériser les masses d'eau qui baignent chaque point d'étude, - L'autre, a eu pour but d'observer, par un suivi mensuel, l'évolution de la croissance, de l'engraissement et de la mortalité d'un échantillon d'huîtres (Crassostrea gigas) élevé sur chacun des secteurs; L'examen des résultats obtenus amène aux constatations suivantes :  - Le secteur nord présente un milieu hétérogène d'une richesse nutritive importante mais est accompagnée d'une charge sestonique minérale...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Baie de Bourgneuf; Crassostrea gigas; Seston; Météorologie; Hydrobiologie; Croissance; Mortalité; Capacité trophique.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00449/56095/57630.pdf

Pacific cupped oyster - Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lapegue, Sylvie; Boudry, Pierre; Goulletquer, Philippe.
Originating from the north eastern Asia, Crassostrea gigas is endemic to Japan, but has been introduced and translocated, mainly for aquaculture purpose, into several countries, almost worldwide (1). In North America, the species can be found from Southeast Alaska to Baja California, while in European waters the species is cultured from Norway to Portugal as well as in Mediterranean Sea (Fig.1) (2). Biological characteristics make it suitable for a wide range of environmental conditions, although it is usually found in coastal and estuarine areas within its natural range. Although highly variable, the invasiveness pattern of C. gigas has been demonstrated in several countries and therefore considered as a pest or a noxious species in those areas (3).
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Genetics; Ecology; Crassostrea gigas; Biology; Oysters.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/acte-3322.pdf

ReMoNor : Résultats 2000
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Cornette, Florence; Blin, J.l.; Pacary, S; Pien, S; Le Gagneur, Eric; Kopp, Joel; Richard, O.
At the end of its third year, the regional network for monitoring REMONOR, confirms the particularities of oyster from Normandy in matter of growth and quality. Results from 2 000 are globally very close of those from 1998. Mortality of adults reached 14% and juvenile 6% which represent a low death rate. For this year the most blow area is the Baie des Veys with 31% death rate at Géfosse. Observed growth this year had been weaker than the past two years despite the spring and automnal growth. At spring, the higher recorded growth rate on the West coast with 0.42% (regional average : 0.29%). This seasonal trend seems more and more obvious every year. Regarding the classification of the special oysters, despite the change of the standard, the Baie des Veys...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: REMORA; Quality; Growth; Mortality; Normandy; REMONOR; Crassostrea gigas; REMORA; Qualité; Croissance; Mortalité; Basse Normandie; REMONOR; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2001/rapport-2251.pdf

Changes in motility, ATP content, morphology and fertilisation capacity during the movement phase of tetraploid Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) sperm
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Suquet, Marc; Labbe, C.; Brizard, Raphael; Donval, Anne; Le Coz, Jean-rene; Quere, Claudie; Haffray, P.
Changes in sperm features during the movement phase are especially interesting to study in external fertilization species whose sperm duration movement is long because this implies a significant adaptation of moving cells to the external medium. This study describes the changes in tetraploid Pacific oyster sperm characteristics in relation to time post activation. Sperm individually collected on three tetraploid males were activated in seawater. Their features were analysed over a 24 h period and compared to a sperm pool collected on three diploid males as a reference. The percentage of motile spermatozoa, the intracellular ATP content, and the fine structure of spermatozoa were studied in relation to time post activation. Furthermore, the fertilisation...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Sperm; Tetraploid; Motility; ATP; Ultrastructure.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00006/11756/8639.pdf

Intensive rearing of juvenile oysters Crassostrea gigas in an upwelling system : optimization of biological production
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bacher, Cedric; Baud, Jean-pierre.
Seasonal growth of juvenile oysters (Crassostrea gigas) kept in an intensive upwelling system was studied from 1984 to 1986 in 60 to 90-day growth experiments. Saline ground water was used to produce Skeletonema costatum which was injected as food into the water supplying the upwelling system. Oyster density, water flow, phytoplankton concentration, temperature and frequency of food addition were controlled. Oyster growth was analysed with multidimensional contingency tables and correspondence analysis. The factors, in order of decreasing influence on growth, were temperature, food concentration and oyster density. A rearing strategy was deduced from the growth analysis for summer and winter. In summer, the density of  120,000 oysters/m2, the flow rate of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Nursery; Growth; Correspondence analysis; Multidimensional contingency table analysis; Economic efficiency; Skeletonema costatum; Crassotrea gigas; Nourriture; Croissance; Analyse des correspondances; Table de contingence multidimensionnelle; Rentabilité économique; Skeletonema costatum; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/publication-3061.pdf

Genetic effect of domestication selective pressures on Pacific oyster at larval stage
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Taris, Nicolas; Sauvage, Christopher; Ernande, Bruno; Boudry, Pierre.
Among bivalve species, the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, is the most economically important bivalve production over the world. Today, C. gigas is subject to an important production effort that leads to an intensive artificial selection. Larval stage is relatively unknown, specifically in a domestication context. Genetic consequence of artificial selection is still at a preliminary study. We aimed to tackle the consequence of inconscient domestication on the variance reproductive success focusing on larval stage, keystone of the life cycle. We studied two kinds of specific selective processes that common hatchery rearing practices exert : the effect of discarding the smallest larvae on genetic diversity and the artificial environment rearing effect via...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Selection; Genetic correlations; Genetic variability; Genetic; Domestication selective; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oysters.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/acte-3441.pdf

Affinage contrôlé en bassin de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Baud, Jean-pierre; Brisset, Emmanuelle; Cardinal, Mireille.
Une étude d'affinage contrôlé en bassin de l'huître creuse Crassas/rea gigas a été réalisée en novembre 1991 par "IFREMER de Bouin (Vendée). Cinq tonnes d'huîtres ont été nourries avec la diatomée Skeletonema costatum produite sur eau salée souterraine à raison de 1,2 X 10(9) cellules/individus/jour. L'affinage a été réalisé dans un bassin bétonné de 500 m2 muni d'une rampe de bullage d'air à une densité de 11 kg/m2 de coquillages. L'influence de différents paramètres sur l'affinage a été testée à l'aide d'un plan factoriel incluant : La taille des huîtres (86,8g ± 3,8 ; 69,5g ± 3,2 ; 53,1g.± 2,3), la technique de stockage (au sol, en casier surélevé, en poche surélevée) et la situation des huîtres par rapport à l'injection du phytoplancton (alimentation,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Affinage contrôlé; Crassostrea gigas; Skeletonema costatum; Glycogène.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00048/15882/13304.pdf

Développement d'ou outil intégré de gestion spécialisée (Base de données/SIG) des stocks conchylicoles dans les Pertuis Charentais
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Moine, Olivier.
Estimating farmed shellfish stocks is essential, in terms of both developing shellfish farms and evaluating trophic capacities with respect to existing stocks. At Marennes-Oléron, estimation is carried out every five years, following a multi-layered strategy. First, cluster sampling of areas of 1 ha provided an estimate of biomass per surface area as well as characteristics of oyster farms (age, type of collectors used, etc.). These data were then interpolated to the stratum level. Second, the overall exploitation rate of the stratum was estimated based on coverage by aerial photographs. Both types of data have been processed using special statistical software developed using a database and Kman language (SGBD; Maurer, 1989). Photos were analysed under a...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marennes Oléron; Pertuis Charentais; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres; Estimation stocks; SIG.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2001/acte-3264.pdf

Mn labelling of living oysters: Artificial and natural cathodoluminescence analyses as a tool for age and growth rate determination of C. gigas (Thunberg, 1793) shells
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lartaud, Franck; De Rafelis, Marc; Ropert, Michel; Emmanuel, Laurent; Geairon, Philippe; Renard, Maurice.
We developed a growth model for Crassostrea gigas oyster shells based on the use of in situ temporal manganese markings to calibrate natural cathodoluminescence (CL) changes in the shell hinge sections. A 30 min to 4-h exposure period with Mn2+ (90-120 mg l(-1)) was sufficient to create a detectable mark in the shells. This makes the Mn2+ markings the fastest mollusc shells marking technique to date. The natural CL from juvenile and adult shells cultured in four standard shellfish-farming locations along the English Channel and French Atlantic coasts, exhibited a seasonal pattern (maximum CL intensity occurring during summer periods, minimum CL intensity occurring during winter). Hydrobiological data recorded at Baie des Veys site allows us to attribute...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Oyster shells; Crassostrea gigas; Manganese markings; Cathodoluminescence; Seasonal growth patterns.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00002/11300/7912.pdf

Analysis of hemocyte parameters in Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas, reared in the field — Comparison of hatchery diploids and diploids from natural beds
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gagnaire, Beatrice; Soletchnik, Patrick; Faury, Nicole; Kerdudou, Nolwenn; Le Moine, Olivier; Renault, Tristan.
Internal defence mechanisms of bivalves include the hemocytes which assume several functions. Relationships exist between environmental factors, physiological state of oysters, defence system and pathogens. Hatchery oysters are more and more produced and reared in the field. The characteristics and particularly the defence system of these animals are poorly documented. In this context, two field trials were carried out from May to September 2002 and from April to July 2003 in order to monitor hemocyte parameters of diploid oysters from natural beds and hatchery-produced diploid oysters using flow cytometry. Several hemocyte parameters (cell mortality, granulocyte percentage, phagocytosis, esterase and peroxidase activities) were monitored. For both oyster...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Hatchery; Natural beds; Diploids; Flow cytometry; Peroxidase activity; Esterase activity; Phagocytosis; Hemocytes; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oyster.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-3119.pdf

Effets des sels organiques de tributyletain sur l'huître adulte Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Heral, Maurice; Alzieu, Claude; Caux, O.; Razet, Daniel; Garnier, Jacqueline.
The toxicity of organostannic compounds has been demonstrated for the oyster Crassostrea gigas through larval (His &amp; Robert, 1980) and adult stages (Alzieu &amp; al., 1980, 1981). In parallel, these authors demonstrated the accumulation of tin in experimentally contaminated oysters as well as the part played by TBT fluorides in growth disturbance (Héral &amp; al. 1981) and oyster shell deformity (Alzieu &amp; al., 1981). In this work, we precise the TBT fluoride toxic doses causing, after 35 days, a mortality of 100 % at a concentration of 0.5 µgl-1. In addition, the different TBT organic salts (acetate, methacrylate and fluoride) are tested and TBT fluoride appears to be the more toxic. Authors then tackle breathing and ATP measurements as stress...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Tributyletain; Crassostrea gigas; Toxicité.
Ano: 1983
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1983/acte-6216.PDF

Rapport provisoire estimation et gestion des stocks conchylicoles. Richesse nutritive des secteurs de production de la Baie de Bourgneuf en 1987
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Baud, Jean-pierre; Haure, Joel.
Ce rapport provisoire présente les premiers résultats des études financées par le SMIDAP , (arrêté 87.4.224) sur la Baie de Bourgneuf, pour l 'année 1987 . Il traite donc de l'estimation des stocks conchylicoles et de la richesse nutritive des secteurs de production ostréicole de cette baie.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ostréiculture; Estimation de stocks; Biomasse; Crassostrea gigas; Baie de Bourgneuf.
Ano: 1988
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00048/15893/13315.pdf

Evaluation des Risques dus a l'emploi des Peintures Anti-Salissures Dansales Zones Conchylicoles.
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Alzieu, Claude; Thibaud, Yves; Heral, Maurice; Boutier, Bernard.
The boats cruising in the oyster growing areas are protected against biofouling by paints which release toxic compounds such as copper oxide and organotins into the water. After an estimation of the inputs of copper and organotins in the "Marennes-Oleron", Arcachon (Atlantic)    and Thau (Mediterranean Sea) areas, their influence on larval fixation is discussed, taking into account the tributyltin toxicity against D larvae of Crassostrea gigas. Laboratory experiments have demonstrated that tributyltin produces morphological abnormalities of the shell and increases tin levels in tissues, interfering with copper and zinc metabolism. The influence of yacht ports on oyster growth and shell morphology, has been demonstrated in the field. The use of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Oyster culture; Abnormalities; Shells; Growth; Paints; Antifouling substances; Pollution effects.
Ano: 1980
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1980/publication-1905.pdf

Oyster hemolymph is a complex and dynamic ecosystem hosting bacteria, protists and viruses
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Dupont, Samuel; Lokmer, A.; Corre, E.; Auguet, Jean-christophe; Petton, Bruno; Toulza, E.; Montagnani, Caroline; Tanguy, G.; Pecqueur, D.; Salmeron, C.; Guillou, L.; Desnues, C.; La Scola, B.; Bou Khalil, J.; De Lorgeril, Julien; Mitta, Guillaume; Gueguen, Yannick; Escoubas, Jean Michel.
Background The impact of the microbiota on host fitness has so far mainly been demonstrated for the bacterial microbiome. We know much less about host-associated protist and viral communities, largely due to technical issues. However, all microorganisms within a microbiome potentially interact with each other as well as with the host and the environment, therefore likely affecting the host health. Results We set out to explore how environmental and host factors shape the composition and diversity of bacterial, protist and viral microbial communities in the Pacific oyster hemolymph, both in health and disease. To do so, five oyster families differing in susceptibility to the Pacific oyster mortality syndrome were reared in hatchery and transplanted into a...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Oyster genetic background; Hemolymph microbiota dynamics; Early-life microbiota; Trans-kingdom interactions; Crassostrea gigas; Within-host ecosystem.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00627/73916/73254.pdf

L'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas en Bretagne. Résultats du réseau de suivi de 1990
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Bec, Claude; Mazurie, Joseph.
The year 1990 is the second of a regional monitoring program on production assessment of Crassostrea in Britlany. 9 sites have been tested with 3 stations per site and 3 oysters bags in each station, at 3 different densities : 170, 210 and 250 oysters per bag. 18 month old oysters stocked in bags in march were analyzed 43 weeks later, by variables concerning growth, survival, quality... The growth was lower at higher densities, more or less according to sites. As previously, differences between sites and stations are observed, with some confirmations (higher mortalities in Aber Benoît site) and also evolutions (growth and Polydora infestations improvement in Pen Bé site).
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bretagne; Crassostrea gigas; Mortalité; Indice de condition; Polydora; ACP; Brittany; Crassostrea gigas; Mortality; Condition index; Polydora; Factorial analysis.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00102/21318/18938.pdf

Chromosomal organization of simple sequence repeats in the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas): (GGAT)(4), (GT)(7) and (TA)(10) chromosome patterns
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bouilly, Karine; Chaves, R.; Leitao, A.; Benabdelmouna, Abdellah; Guedes Pinto, H.
Chromosome identification is essential in oyster genomic research. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) offers new opportunities for the identification of oyster chromosomes. It has been used to locate satellite DNAs, telomeres or ribosomal DNA sequences. However, regarding chromosome identification, no study has been conducted with simple sequence repeats (SSRs). FISH was used to probe the physical organization of three particular SSRs, (GGAT)(4), (GT)(7) and (TA)(10) onto metaphase chromosomes of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. Hybridization signals were observed in all the SSR probes, but the distribution and intensity of signals varied according to the oligonucleotide repeat. The intercalary, centromeric and telomeric bands were observed...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Simple sequence repeats (SSRs); Mollusks; Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH); Crassostrea gigas; Chromosome identification.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/publication-6132.pdf

Contribution à l'étude de l'ontogenèse du système immunitaire chez l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Tirape Bajana, Ana.
The interest for the understanding of the immune mechanisms in the oyster, Crassotrea gigas has been considerably increased these last years, mainly because of economie losses due to diseases which affected the continuity of this species. The studies of these mechanisms contributes to a better understanding of the differential susceptibilities observed in this species against various pathogens. In the present study, our  goal was to define the ontogenesis of immune system in C. gigas during the development, by functional genomic approaches. The studies have been focalized on the analyses of expression and localization of effectors previously identified in adult oysters as implicated in immunity. We have shown, in particular, that hemocytes appear in the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Invertébré; Mollusque bivalve; Huître; Cra; Immunité; Hémocytes; Hématopoïèse; Développement; Ontogenèse; Expression des gènes; Q-PCR; SSH; Invertebrate; Bivalve Mollusk; Oyster; Crassostrea gigas; Immunity; Hemocytes; Hematopoiesis; Development; Ontogenesis; Gene expression; Q-PCR; SSH.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00440/55113/56565.pdf

Ecophysiologie de coquillages contaminés par des microalgues toxiques : premiers essais
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Rohmer, Véronique.
Afin d'évaluer les effets d'une contamination expérimentale par des microalgues toxiques sur la filtration,· des bivalves (Pecten maximus, Crassostrea gigas et Mytilus edulis) ont été alimentés pendant quelques heures avec différents régimes : des cultures très toxiques (Alexandrium tamarense, souche japonaise), moyennement toxique (A. minutum, souche française) et non toxique (A. tamarense, souche anglaise) de dinoflagellés, et une culture non toxique témoin d'une chlorophycée : Tetraselmis suesica. Les différents essais réalisés montrent que l'utilisation de rouge neutre ne permet pas de comparer les activités valvaires dans les conditions expérimentales. L'enregistrement direct de l'activité valvaire est intéressant mais difficilement reproductible dans...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Pecten maximus; Mytilus edulis; Crassostrea gigas; Ecophysiologie; Microalgues toxiques; Paralytic Shellfish Poison.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00429/54043/55314.pdf

Echantillonnage des populations naturelles de mollusques compétiteurs trophiques des huîtres cultivées Crassostrea gigas du bassin de Marennes-Oléron : aspects méthodologiques
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Sauriau, Pierre-guy.
The main problems involved in making biomass and density estimates of benthic mol1uscs are the choice of a sampling plan, the level of systematic errors and random errors. A stratified random sampling after optimum allocation was used in the case. The benthic molluscs estimates (biomass or density) are highly variable, due to their aggregated distribution. The sampling gear used is a Smith Mc-lntyre grab which introduce a bias in the estimates. Nevertheless, the Macoma baLthica community was predominant in the bay but Cerastoderma edul.e appeared to be the dominant specie.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Cerastoderma edule; Macoma balthica; Marennes Oleron Bay; Crassostrea gigas; Stock assessment; Cerastoderma edule; Macoma balthica; Marennes Oléron; Crassostrea gigas; Echantillonnage.
Ano: 1986
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1986/acte-2971.pdf

Summer mortality of hatchery-produced Pacific oyster spat (Crassostrea gigas). I. Estimation of genetic parameters for survival and growth
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Degremont, Lionel; Ernande, Bruno; Bedier, Edouard; Boudry, Pierre.
The multidisciplinary project "MOREST" aims to improve our understanding of causes of summer mortality in Crassostrea gigas juveniles in France and to reduce its impact on oyster production. As pail of the MOREST project, 43 full-sib families nested within 17 half-sib families were produced, planted out and tested in 3 sites during summer 2001 to assess to what extent genetic variability exists for this trait. A strong genetic basis was found for survival as narrow-sense heritability estimates ranged from 0.47 to 1.08, with higher values in sites where summer mortality was higher. Genetic correlations across sites were positive and very high for survival, indicating no genotype by environment interaction. In contrast, lower genetic variation was observed...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Growth; Survival; Juveniles; Heritability; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-2457.pdf

Research and development for the genetic improvement of the Pacific oyster in France : present and prospects
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Boudry, Pierre; Haffray, Pierrick.
The most significant genetic improvement for the production of Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) in France to date has been through the breeding of triploids, especially since the development of tetraploids. Triploid oysters commonly resist summer mortality better than diploids. This is most probably because reproductive allocation is so important in this phenomenon. Quantitative genetics studies strongly suggest that a significant gain in resistance to summer mortality, or other traits of interest, could be obtained by selective breeding. Practical difficulties however, and the high cost of breeding large numbers of families under common conditions over many generations remain major constraints to family-based selective breeding in oysters. In the last...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Polyploidization; Selective breeding; Genetic; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oysters.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/acte-3438.pdf

Ecotoxicological effects of organotin compounds on oyster culture
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Alzieu, Claude; Heral, Maurice.
The toxic effect of trialkyltin compounds is used in antifouling paints to protect vessels against biofouling organisrns. Tributyltin oxide (TBTO) or fluoride (TBTS) leaches by diffusion from the paint layer into the seawater. Trialkyltin compounds in aqueous solutions are resistant to hydrolysis and biodegradation, but are rapidly converted into diakyl, monoalkyl  and  inorganic tin by UV irradiation.  As inhibiting agents of the oxidative phosphorylation, organotin compounds are extremely dangerous for aquatic organisms such as molluscs. The following estimated toxicity levels for Crassostrea gigas oyster larvae have been put forward : at 100 µg.l(1) the fecondation is inhibited, at 10 µg.l1 the already of 20 % of the eggs  is affected larval development...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Toxicity; Fluoride; Tribultyltin oxide; Toxic effect; Oysters; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1984
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1984/publication-2931.pdf

Inefficient immune response is associated with microbial permissiveness in juvenile oysters affected by mass mortalities on field
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: De Lorgeril, Julien; Escoubas, Jean Michel; Loubiere, Vincent; Pernet, Fabrice; Le Gall, Patrik; Vergnes, Agnes; Aujoulat, Fabien; Jeannot, Jean-luc; Jumas-bilak, Estelle; Got, Patrice; Gueguen, Yannick; Destoumieux-garzon, Delphine; Bachere, Evelyne.
Since 2008, juvenile Crassostrea gigas oysters have suffered from massive mortalities in European farming areas. This disease of complex etiology is still incompletely understood. Triggered by an elevated seawater temperature, it has been associated to infections by a herpes virus named OsHV-1 as well as pathogenic vibrios of the Splendidus clade. Ruling out the complexity of the disease, most of our current knowledge has been acquired in controlled experiments. Among the many unsolved questions, it is still ignored what role immunity plays in the capacity oysters have to survive an infectious episode. Here we show that juvenile oysters susceptible to the disease mount an inefficient immune response associated with microbial permissiveness and death. We...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Host pathogen interaction; Innate immunity; Invertebrate; Mollusk; In situ mortality; Total bacteria; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00433/54470/55845.pdf

Micro-organismes de type Rickettsien chez les huîtres Crassostrea gigas Th. et Ostrea edulis L.
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Comps, Michel; Tige, Gilbert; Duthoit, Jean-louis; Grizel, Henri.
Some rickettsian infections have been found in French Atlantic oysters, Crassostrea gigas and Ostrea edulis. The micro-organisms parasite the digestive diverticulum epithelium cells although not creating any damage that could strongly affect the molluscs. If not for its shape, which appears to be longer in the case of the Crassostrea gigas Rickettsia, the characteristics of these two micro-organisms seem pretty close and enabled their inclusion in the Rickettsial order.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Rickettia; Ostrea edulis; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres; Pathologie; Infections.
Ano: 1977
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1977/acte-6173.PDF

Suivi de la reproduction des huîtres - Saison 1996
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Faury, Nicole.
Contrairement aux années précédentes, le suivi de la reproduction des huîtres s'est effectué cette année sur un nombre de points limités. A la demande de la Section Régionale de Marennes Oléron qui finance cette opération, des lieux de pêches ont été supprimés en Seudre (Coux et les Roches) et dans le Bassin (Mérignac). Selon les termes du contrat, le suivi s'est opéré du 1er juillet au 31 août.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Reproduction; Captage; Naissain; Crassostrea gigas; Marennes Oléron.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00072/18288/15860.pdf

Etude des mortalités estivales de naissain de Crassostrea gigas à Fouras
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Ras, Monique.
Les mortalités estivales de naissain de l'huître creuse C. gigas, de captage naturel et d'écloserie, sont décrites depuis 1986 sur tout le littoral français. Depuis plusieurs études ont été menées sur le sujet afin d'en déterminer l'origine, mais aucun facteur simple ne permet jusqu'à présent de les expliquer complètement, car les origines de mortalités peuvent être nombreuses, et ne sont pas forcément les mêmes d'un site à l'autre et d'une année sur l'autre. Cette année, du naissain de captage naturel de même origine ont été disposées dans 12 poches qui ont été réparties sur 4 concessions de la pointe de la Fumée à Fouras, et suivies de fin mai à la mi-août 2001. Les concessions hautes ont été suivies chaque semaine, les plus profondes tous les 15 jours....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mortalités estivales; Naissain; Crassostrea gigas; Herpèsvirus.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00368/47924/47953.pdf

Integration of shellfish farming activies in three French coastal environments : Mont Saint-Michel Bay, Gulf of Morbihan, and Marennes-Oleron Bay
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Mazurie, Joseph; Le Mao, Patrick; Camus, Patrick; Bacher, Cedric; Goulletquer, Philippe.
Integration of shellfish farming along the French shoreline (around 5500 km) has been progressive, as marine bivalve culture is a traditional activity in our country. The history of mussel culture relates that the "bouchot" technique (intertidal culture on wooden poles, producing annually around 60,000 tons) was developed as early as the XIIIth century, by a refugee attempting to capture birds by sticking branches of brushwood along the shore. The European flat oyster, Ostrea edulis, already appreciated at the Roman period, was first cultivated in France after Victor Coste introduced the technique of spat collection at the end of the XIXth century. The Pacific cupped oyster, genus Crassostrea, now the most-cultivated in France (around 120,000 tons marketed...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Trophic capacity; Trophic resource; Nature conservation; Coastal zone management; Biodiversity; Mytilus edulis; Mussels; Integration; Ostrea edulis; Crassostrea gigas; Oysters.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/acte-3400.pdf

Mortalités printanière et estivale de l'huître creuse C. gigas en élevage à plat dans le bassin de Marennes-Oléron. Etude du métabolisme du glycogène sur différentes origines de cheptels
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Faury, Nicole; Remoue, Sophie; Soletchnik, Patrick; Goulletquer, Philippe; Geairon, Philippe; Le Moine, Olivier; Razet, Daniel; Guilpain, Patrice; Robert, Stephane; Taillade, Sylvie.
This study aims to assess the broodstock origin and cultural effects on oyster summer mortality rates. Three oyster batches, two originating from the Marennes-Oléron Bay, and one from the Normandy rearing area were deployed in March 2000 on the Ronce Perquis oyster bank, on experimental site since 1996. On bottom cultured oysters were monitored until January 2001. By the end of the experiment, the cumulative mortality ranged from 51 to 58 %. Following on initial mortality rate (8.8 % to 9.3 %), oyster batches showed a critical period early July. In 15 days, mortality rate reached 13.7 %. Over the rearing period, the oyster shell growth ranged between 8.9 g and 12.7 g. The somatic gain represented 0.44-0.48 g of dry meat weight. Spawning event occured in...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Taux de mortalité; Croissance; Composition biochimique; Effort de reproduction; Incorporation du glucose; Crassostrea gigas; Bassin de Marennes Oléron; Charente-Maritime; Mortality; Growth rate; Biochemical content; Glycogen synthase; Crassostrea gigas; Bay of Marennes Oleron; Charente-Maritime.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00031/14235/11511.pdf

Rôle de la température dans l'interaction huître creuse / Ostreid Herpesvirus de type 1 : réponses transcriptomiques et métaboliques
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Delisle, Lizenn.
Crassostrea gigas is the main species of oyster cultivated in the world. Since 2008, mass mortality events have been affecting oysters aged less than one year old in Europe and Oceania and have been associated with the emergence of the Ostreid herpes virus μVar (OsHV-1 μVar). In Europe, these events are seasonal and occur when the seawater temperature is between 16°C and 24°C. In this work, the effect of high temperatures (21°C, 26°C and 29°C) was evaluated on the susceptibility of oysters to OsHV- 1 but also on the virulence of virus.High temperatures (29°C) reduce the susceptibility of oysters to OsHV-1 without altering the infectivity of the virus and its virulence. High temperature could reduce viral infection and virus synthesis by reducing the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huître creuse; Transcriptomique; Interaction hôte/virus; Protéomique; Pacific oysters; Crassostrea gigas; OsHV-1; RNAseq; Temperature; Host/pathogen; Proteomic.
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00499/61085/64545.pdf

Vibrio tubiashii en France: description d'isolats pathogènes affectant des mollusques et étude de leurs mécanismes de virulence
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Mersni Achour, Rachida.
The oyster farming constitutes one of the major components of the global aquaculture. However, this sector is facing abnormal mortalities outbreaks that affect diploid and triploid oyster at their different life stages, in the hatcheries and in the field. During bivalve molluscs mortality events in France, bacteria initially classified into Harveyi group, were regularly isolated along with herpes virus, V. splendidus or V. aestuarianus. In order to fine tune the taxonomic affiliation of those isolates, a genotypic and phenotypic approach was used. The bacterial isolates, initially misclassified into the Harveyi clade, were shown to be genetically closed to V. tubiashii strains already recognized as the main causative agents of larvae and juvenile mollusc...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Isolats français; Vibrio tubiashii; Hémocytes; Pathogénicité; Infection expérimentale; Produits extracellulaires; Facteurs de virulence; Metalloprotéases; Crassostrea gigas; French isolates; Vibrio tubiashii; Hemocytes; Pathogenicity; Experimental infection; Extracellular products.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00230/34093/32540.pdf

Viral gametocytic hypertrophy of Crassostrea gigas in France: from occasional records to disease emergence?
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Garcia, Celine; Robert, Maeva; Arzul, Isabelle; Chollet, Bruno; Joly, Jean-pierre; Miossec, Laurence; Comtet, Thierry; Berthe, Franck.
Viral gametocytic hypertrophy was reported for the first time in 2001 in Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas in France. Since this date, the number of reported cases and the distribution area have increased every year; however, the cases are not associated with macroscopic signs or increased mortality rates. Both male and female gametes were hypertrophied and basophilic inclusions were observed in gamete nuclei, Transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence of viral particles in these intranuclear basophilic inclusions. These particles had characteristics similar to those of the Papillomaviridae and Polyomaviridae families: they were small, non-enveloped, icosahedral, and 44 to 56 nm in diameter, The viral particles were found in male, female and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Polyomaviridae; Papillomaviridae; Gonad; Viral garnetocytic hypertrophy; Pacific oyster; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-3288.pdf

First results of an epidemiological study on oyster (Crassostrea gigas) mortality events in France during summer 2008
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Miossec, Laurence; Allain, Gwenhael; Arzul, Isabelle; Francois, Cyrille; Garcia, Celine; Cameron, Angus.
Abnormal mortalities occurred in most oyster producing areas in France during the summer of 2008.  The mortalities were sudden and severe (up to 100%) and mainly affected 6 to 18 month old juveniles.  Only Crassostrea gigas species was affected.  The cause of the mortality was unclear but OsHV-1 virus and bacteria belonging to Vibrionaceae family were frequently detected in affected populations. An epidemiological study was commenced in autumn 2008 in order to identify factors associated with, and the cause (or causes) of these mortalities.  This paper presents the results of the first (descriptive) part of this investigation.  The objectives were to identify the affected population and to describe the pattern of mortalities in time and space.  Mortality...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: France; Crassostrea gigas; Oyster; Mortality; Epidemological study.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/acte-6772.pdf

Les mortalités estivales d'huîtres ceuses Crassostrea gigas dans le bassin de Marennes-Oléron (Banc de Ronce) : performances zootechniques en divers sites et altitudes de la colonne d'eau
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Mineur, Frederic.
Le banc ostréicole de Ronce (175ha) au sud du bassin de Marennes-Oléron (France) constitue depuis 1996 un site expérimental pour l'étude des mortalités estivales de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas. Le premier volet du programme de 1999 vise à pérenniser le suivi des performances zootechniques des cheptels au niveau du banc. La croissance et la survie, au niveau d'élevages à plat et d'élevages sur tables de 25 cm, sont comparées sur quatre sites (a, b, c et d). Ceux-ci sont disposés selon une radiale Est-Ouest. Le deuxième volet consiste à mettre en évidence la variabilité de réponse des élevages en fonction de l'altitude sur les sites b et c. Deux conditions d'élevage supplémentaires sont expérimentés (tables ostréicoles placées au raz du sédiment et...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Performances zootechniques; Croissance; Survie; Mortalité; Paramètres hydrologiques; Interface eau-sédiment; Marennes Oléron; Charente-Maritime.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00035/14646/11915.pdf

Effect of a mono-specific algal diet on immune functions in two bivalve species - Crassostrea gigas and Ruditapes philippinarum
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Delaporte, Maryse; Soudant, Philippe; Moal, Jeanne; Lambert, Christophe; Quere, Claudie; Miner, Philippe; Choquet, Gwenaelle; Paillard, Christine; Samain, Jean-francois.
The impact of diets upon the fatty acid composition of haemocyte polar lipids and consequently upon immune parameters has been tested in the oyster Crassostrea gigas and the clam Ruditapes philippinarum. Oysters and clams were fed each of three cultured algae: Chaetoceros calcitrans, which is rich in 20:5(n-3) and 20:4(n-6) and poor in 22:6(n-3) fatty acids; T-Iso (Isochrysis sp.), which is rich in 22:6(n-3) and deficient in 20:5(n-3) and 20:4(n-6); and Tetraselmis suecica, which is deficient in 22:6(n-3) and contains only small amounts of 20:5(n-3) and 20:4(n-6). Fatty acid composition of haemocyte polar lipids was greatly affected by the diet. Oysters and clams fed C. calcitrans maintained a higher proportion of 20:5(n-3) and 20:4(n-6) in their haemocyte...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ruditapes philippinarum; Crassostrea gigas; Polyunsaturated fatty acids; Phagocytosis; Oxidative activity; Haemocyte membrane; Nutrition; Immunology; Bivalve; Immunologie; Bivalve; Ruditapes philippinarum; Crassostrea gigas; Acides gras poly insatures; Phagocytose; Flambee respiratoire; Membrane; Hemocyte; Nutrition.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/publication-354.pdf

Niveau de ploïdie des naissains d'huître creuse captés dans les bassins de Marennes Oléron et d'Arcachon. Réseau Biovigilance, campagne 2009
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Benabdelmouna, Abdellah; Tourbiez, Delphine; D'Amico, Florence; Cantin, Christian; Grizon, James; Seugnet, Jean-luc.
En 2009, La caractérisation du niveau de ploïdie des naissains captés en 2008 dans les deux principaux bassins de captage que sont Marennes Oléron et Arcachon a été réalisée dans le cadre du réseau biovigilance. Les échantillons des naissains sauvages issus de ce captage naturel ont été prélevés sur 3 sites dans chaque bassin et pour un total analysé de 1121 animaux. En tenant compte de notre échantillonnage, nos résultats de suivi de ploïdie concluent à l’absence d’animaux polyploïdes, triploïdes ou tétraploïdes, captés dans les deux bassins prospectés. Cependant, les deux bassins de captage rospectés sont caractérisés par la présence accrue de naissains affectés de diverses anomalies génomiques (cassures d’ADN et diminution de la taille du génome,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Génétique; Ploïdie; Naissain; Bassin Marennes Oléron; Charente-Maritime; Bassin d'Arcachon; Gironde.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00032/14282/11559.pdf

Delivery of riboflavin to larval and adult pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas Thunberg by lipid spray beads
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Langdon, Cj; Seguineau, Catherine; Ponce, B; Moal, Jeanne; Samain, Jean-francois.
Lipid spray beads (SB) were prepared containing 13% w/w particulate riboflavin. Beads suspended in seawater lost 73% riboflavin after 24 h. Release of riboflavin from SE ingested by Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) larvae was observed under epifluorescent light. Riboflavin concentrations in tissues of adult oysters fed on riboflavin-SB were significantly (SNK, P &lt; 0.05) greater than those of oysters fed on seawater-filled SE. Concentrations of riboflavin in oysters exposed to dissolved riboflavin were not significantly greater than those of oysters fed on seawater-filled SE: indicating that elevated riboflavin concentrations in oysters fed on riboflavin-SB were attributable to breakdown of ingested beads rather than uptake of dissolved riboflavin...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Spray beads; Lipid; Riboflavin; Oyster; Larvae; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/10493/9511.pdf

Mise en évidence du degré de tolérance de diverses populations d'huîtres Crassostrea gigas vis à vis de transferts multiples dans des écosystèmes de niveaux trophiques différents.
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Haure, Joel; Ernande, Bruno; Palvadeau, Hubert; Nourry, Max; Penisson, Christian; Martin, Jean-louis.
Le transfert d'huîtres d'un secteur de production à un autre, à différents stades de l'élevage est une pratique courante chez les professionnels. L'influence de ces transferts sur la croissance et la survie est actuellement inconnue. Ainsi, il est apparu opportun d'essayer de mettre en évidence le degré de tolérance de diverses populations d'huîtres creuses vis à vis de transferts multiples dans des écosystèmes à productivité différentes. Cette étude a pris en compte la variabilité de deux paramètres (mortalité et croissance) de différentes familles d'huîtres creuses C. gigas soumises à des transferts plus ou moins fréquents entre deux milieux d'élevage dissemblables par la quantité de nourriture apportée (Skeletonema costatum). L'un des deux bassins...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Plasticité; Écosystème; Tolérance; Transfert.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00102/21324/18947.pdf

Feeding responses of Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg) to inclusion of different proportions of toxic dinoflagellates in their diet
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bardouil, Michele; Bohec, Madeleine; Bougrier, Serge; Lassus, Patrick; Truquet, Philippe.
An experimental flow-through system allowing determination of the feeding behaviour of individual molluscs was used to study oysters exposed to mixed diets composed of varying proportions of the diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii and two strains (toxic and nontoxic) of the dinoflagellate Alexandrium larnarense. Our results show that, when compared to a T. weissflogii unialgal diet, even a diatomltoxic dinoflagellate ratio as low in biomass as 90/10 reduced clearance rates and biodeposit production by oysters. Consumption was slightly but significantly decreased for a 50/50 diatomltoxic dinoflagellate mixture. For the toxic dinoflagellate unialgal diet, ingestion, absorption and consumption were completely inhibited. Thus, the inclusion of low amounts of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Thalassiosira weissflogii; Alexandrium tamarense; Ecophysiologie; Toxine paralysante des coquillages; Crassostrea gigas; Thalassiosira weissflogii; Alexandrium tamarense; Ecophysiology; Paralytic shellfish poison.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00017/12788/9729.pdf

Molecular cloning and seasonal expression of oyster glycogen phosphorylase and glycogen synthase genes
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bacca, Helene; Huvet, Arnaud; Fabioux, Caroline; Daniel, Jean-yves; Delaporte, Maryse; Pouvreau, Stephane; Van Wormhoudt, A; Moal, Jeanne.
To investigate the control at the mRNA level of glycogen metabolism in the cupped oyster Crassostrea gigas, we report in the present paper the cloning and characterization of glycogen phosphorylase and synthase cDNAs (Cg-GPH and Cg-GYS, respectively, transcripts of main enzymes for glycogen use and storage), and their first expression profiles depending on oyster tissues and seasons. A strong expression of both genes was observed in the labial palps and the gonad in accordance with specific cells located in both tissues and ability to store glucose. Cg-GPH expression was also found mainly in muscle suggesting ability to use glycogen as readily available glucose to. supply its activity. For seasonal examinations, expression of Cg-GYS and Cg-GPH genes...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Reproduction; Regulation; Oyster; Glycogen; Expression; Gene; Energy; Crassostrea gigas; Bivalve.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/publication-435.pdf

Detailed insights into pan-European population structure and inbreeding in wild and hatchery Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) revealed by genome-wide SNP data
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Vendrami, David L. J.; Houston, Ross D.; Gharbi, Karim; Telesca, Luca; Gutierrez, Alejandro P.; Gurney-smith, Helen; Hasegawa, Natsuki; Boudry, Pierre; Hoffman, Joseph I.
Cultivated bivalves are important not only because of their economic value, but also due to their impacts on natural ecosystems. The Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) is the world's most heavily cultivated shellfish species and has been introduced to all continents except Antarctica for aquaculture. We therefore used a medium-density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array to investigate the genetic structure of this species in Europe, where it was introduced during the 1960s and has since become a prolific invader of coastal ecosystems across the continent. We analyzed 21,499 polymorphic SNPs in 232 individuals from 23 localities spanning a latitudinal cline from Portugal to Norway and including the source populations of Japan and Canada. We confirmed...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Aquaculture; Crassostrea gigas; Genetic structure; High-density genotyping array; Inbreeding; Pacific oyster; Restriction site-associated DNA (RAD) sequencing; Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP).
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00484/59561/62557.pdf

Evalution du bilan énergétique de l'huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas, en baie de Marennes-Oléron (France)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick; Goulletquer, Philippe; Heral, Maurice; Razet, Daniel; Geairon, Philippe.
This ecophysiological study was conducted on the Japanese oyster (Crassostrea gigas) reared in Marennes-Oléron bay (France), in May 1992. Measurements were achieved using natural food conditions on three different days (a, b, c) at different tide levels (coefficient of 49, 57, and 88). Total particulate matter was continuously monitored with a micro-computer and a turbidimeter probe. The "consumption" function was calculated using a new formula allowing for particulate leakage prior to the pre-ingestive particle sorting. This particle leakage represents a passive loss of particles flowing through the branchial filter. Comparisons of the consumption and absorption rates of organic matter and chlorophyll a showed significant differences between seston...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Consumption rate; Selection efficiency; Absorption rate; Energetic budget; Organic matter; Chlorophyll alpha; Marennes-Oleron bay.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1996/publication-3086.pdf

Etat actuel de l'introduction d'organismes marins non-indigènes
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Marteil, Louis.
Le présent rapport fera le point sur les introductions d'organismes marins non-indigènes effectuées en France depuis 1971, en se référant au questionnaire qui a servi de base à l'établissement du rapport initial.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Introduction espèces; Crassostrea gigas; Crassostrea angulata; Crassostrea rhizophorae; Homarus americanus; Homarus vulgaris; Pseudostylochus; Undaria pinnatifida.
Ano: 1973
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00021/13217/10277.pdf

Effects of temperature and salinity on haemocyte activities of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gagnaire, Beatrice; Frouin, Heloise; Moreau, Kevin; Thomas Guyon, Helene; Renault, Tristan.
The Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, is extensively cultivated and represents an important economic activity. Oysters are reared in estuarine areas, subjected to various biotic and abiotic factors. One of the limiting factors in aquaculture is mortality outbreaks, which may limit oyster production, and the causes of these outbreaks are not completely understood. In this context, the effects of temperature and salinity on Pacific oyster, C. gigas, haemocytes, were studied. Haemocytes are the invertebrate blood cells and thus have been shown to be involved in defence mechanisms. Flow cytometry was used for monitoring several haemocyte parameters. An increase of temperature induced an increase of haemocyte mortality, in both in vitro and in vivo...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Cellular activity; Flow cytometry; Salinity; Temperature; Haemocyte; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oyster.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-934.pdf

Evolution à moyen terme d'un écosystème estuarien : le bassin de Marennes-Oléron
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick.
The Marennes Oléron Bay, the main French oyster culture basin, is an estuarine zone which is subject to anthropic pressure. Meteorological parameters such as temperature, insolation, pluviometry determine, for the most part, the water temperature and salinity conditions for each season and control the nutrient fluxes, as well as the primary and secondary production of the basin. The average air temperature (Météo -France) stays around 12.5°C between 1950 and 1980, then rises more than 1°C in 20 years. In those 50 years, average insolation drops from 198 hours to 176 hours, corresponding to an 11% decrease. Seasonal distribution of water inputs shows that spring pluviometry increased by 30% between the 1950's and the last two decades. Precipitations also...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ressource trophique; Crassostrea gigas; Production primaire; Bassin Marennes Oléron; Ecosystème.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2002/acte-3381.pdf

First comparison of French and Australian OsHV-1 mu vars by bath exposure
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Burge, Colleen A.; Reecez, Kimberly S.; Dhar, Arun K.; Kirkland, Peter; Morga, Benjamin; Degremont, Lionel; Faury, Nicole; Wippel, Bryanda J. T.; Macintyre, Alanna; Friedman, Carolyn S.
Economically devastating mortality events of farmed and wild shellfish due to infectious disease have been reported globally. Currently, one of the most significant disease threats to Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas culture is the ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1), in particular the emerging OsHV-1 microvariant genotypes. OsHV-1 microvariants (OsHV-1 mu vars) are spreading globally, and concern is high among growers in areas unaffected by OsHV-1. No study to date has compared the relative virulence among variants. We provide the first challenge study comparing survival of naive juvenile Pacific oysters exposed to OsHV-1 mu vars from Australia (AUS mu var) and France (FRA mu var). Oysters challenged with OsHV-1 mu vars had low survival (2.5%a exposed to AUS...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ostreid herpesvirus 1; Microvariant; OsHV-1 mu vars; POMS; Pacific oyster; Crassostrea gigas; Viral disease; QPCR; Alkalinity; Emerging infectious diseases.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00631/74277/73889.pdf

Etude du niveau d'aneuploïdie dans les populations des zones de captage du bassin de Marennes-Oléron - Contrat Plan Etat Région Poitou-Charentes 1999 - Rapport 1999
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lapegue, Sylvie; Thiriot Quievreux, Catherine; Mccombie, Helen; Heurtebise, Serge; Boudry, Pierre; Robert, Stephane; Soletchnik, Patrick; Goulletquer, Philippe; Gerard, Andre.
Divers travaux, menés depuis 1984, montrent qu'il existe, chez l'huître creuse Crassotrea gigas, des cellules montrant un nombre anormal de chromosomes (2n = 19, 18 ou même 17 au lieu de 2n = 20). Le niveau d'aneuploïdie est déterminé par le décompte des chromosomes à partir de suspensions cellulaires de tissu branchial. Le pourcentage de cellules aneuploïdes est toujours significativement supérieur dans les "lots de queue", c'est-à-dire les huîtres présentant des croissances plus faibles, et peut atteindre plus de 30 %. Récemment, une étude réalisée au sein du programme européen « Genephys » a démontré que plus de 50 % de la variance pour la vitesse de croissance était liée au taux d'aneuploïdie. Le but de l'expérimentation menée en 1999 est de faire un...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Aneuploïdie; Génétique des populations; Biochimie; Marennes-Oléron; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00044/15522/12909.pdf

Rising water temperatures, reproduction and recruitment of an invasive oyster, Crassostrea gigas, on the French Atlantic coast
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Dutertre, Mickael; Beninger, Peter G.; Barille, Laurent; Papin, Mathias; Haure, Joel.
The recent appearance and invasion of feral oysters (Crassostrea gigas) along the northern European Atlantic coast, underscores the necessity to investigate the relationship between environmental variables, reproductive physiology, larval development and recruitment. We studied these relationships at both high (HT) and intermediate (IT) - turbidity sites, through historical data on water temperatures, multi-parameter environmental probes, histological analyses, and field collections of planktonic larvae and settled post-larvae in 2005 and 2006. A progressive warming trend was observed, especially since 1995, when oyster proliferation first became severe. Threshold temperatures for oocyte growth, larval development and settlement were achieved in both 2005...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Aquaculture; Climate warming; Coastal waters; Crassostrea gigas; Reproductive cycle; Oyster larvae; Settlement; Turbidity.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/11150/7938.pdf

Chromosome loss in tetraploid families of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Mccombie, Helen; Lapegue, Sylvie; Cornette, Florence; Ledu, Christophe; Boudry, Pierre.
Alterations of  chromosome number have been observed in the somatic tissue of  Crassostrea gigas diploids and artificial polyploids bred in this species.   Tetraploid animals with lower chromosome counts in some or all of their somatic tissue are considered undesirable as parents either for commercial triploids (produced via a  cross with diploids) or for tetraploid breeding because (1) they may confer the tendency to lose chromosomes and revert to lower ploidy levels to their offspring or (2) their offspring could have a lower ploidy directly because of potential links between somatic and gametic chromosome loss.  The present study evaluated the phenomenon in bi-parental tetraploid families bred from parents of differing ploidy quality, including a...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Tetraploid; Chromosome; Genetic; Crassostrea gigas; Oyster.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/acte-3435.pdf

Diagnosis of herpes-like virus infections in oysters using molecular techniques
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Renault, Tristan; Lipart, Cecile.
Several herpes-like virus infections have been reported since 1991 among different bivalve species around the world (Nicolas et al., 1992; Comps and Cochennec, 1993; Renault et al., 1994; Hine and Thome, 1997; Hine 1997). To date, detection of these infections has been strongly correlated with severe losses of oyster larvae and spat. The virus infections are currently diagnosed by laborious histologicai and transmission electron microscopical examinations. These techniques, however, facilitate neither rapid diagnosis nor the ability to analyse large sample numbers.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Diagnosis; Ostrea edulis; Crassostrea gigas; Herpes like virus.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1998/acte-2902.pdf

Variations saisonnières in situ de la production et de la composition des biodépots de trois mollusques estuariens (Mytilus edulis, Crassostrea gigas, Crepidula fornicata)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc; Sornin, Jean-marc; Heral, Maurice.
The biodeposition was quantified on the field with sediment traps. All over the year, the biodeposition was the lowest for Crepidula fornicata. Mytilus edulis rejected more biodeposits during winter, and Crassostrea gigas during spring and autumn. The percentage of organic matter sonsumed and digested was higher during summer. The constituttive elements of the digested organic matter was not always the same, all over the year. The energy content of the digest fraction was higher in spring. For Mytilus edulis the ration intake was higher in winter and spring, related with the gametogenetic ans spawning period. An analysis of the mineral constutents of the natural food was made.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crepidula fornicata; Crassostrea gigas; Mytilus edulis; Digestibility; Biodeposition; Crepidula fornicata; Crassostra gigas; Mytilus edulis; Digestibilité; Biodéposition.
Ano: 1987
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1987/publication-2691.pdf

Observations relatives à l'infestation de Crassostrea gigas Thunberg par le copépode parasite Mytilicola orientalis Mori dans le Bassin d'Arcachon
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: His, Edouard.
Le copépode parasite Mytilicola orientalis Mori (1935) a été rencontré pour la première fois dans le tractus digestif des C. gigas du Bassin d'Arcachon en mars1977. Au printemps, les taux d'infestation variaient de 10 à 40% sur l'ensemble de la baie. Tous les individus de tous âges (y compris le naissain capté en 1976) sont infestés. Dans un cas particulier, l'infestation s'accompagne d'une diminution de l'index de condition. Les mortalités qui se manifestent actuellement sont-elles imputables à l'action du parasite? Certains sujets infestés abritent plus de 20 copépodes.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Copepode; Parasite; Mytilicola orientalis; Bassin Arcachon; Gironde.
Ano: 1977
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00038/14949/12274.pdf

Modèle énergétique uniboite de la croissance des huîtres (Crassostrea gigas) dans le bassin de Marennes-Oléron
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bacher, Cedric; Heral, Maurice; Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc; Razet, Daniel.
The growth of oysters (Crassostrea gigas) is modeled in order to study the trophic capacity of the Bay of Marennes Oléron. Total seston and amount of protids, lipids, and carbohydrates converted to energy are the environmental factors taken into account. Time series of these variables are derived during 2 yr with a daily time step from a linear regression including the tidal velocity, the height of the water column, and the wind velocity. A model of the energetic budget based on assimilation and respiration terms and depending on the previous time series is run to simulate the individual growth of an oyster. The knowledge of the number of oysters, the flow of water entering the bay, and the volume of the bay allows us then to estimate that 7% of the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marennes Oléron; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres; Croissance; Modélisation; Marennes Oleron bay; Crassostrea gigas; Oysters; Growth; Modelisation.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1991/publication-3051.pdf

Mise au point d'un outil de caractérisation de l'état physiologique des cheptels d'huîtres. Etude expérimentale sur des familles génétiques de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: De Ambroggi, Céline.
This study is in keeping with the comprehension of summer mortalities that affects Crassostrea gigas Pacific cupped oysters' spa!. The aim is to characterize genetic families in a physiologic way, and to compare these families qualities with the noticed mortalities. The employed approach consists, on the one hand, in characterising Iivestocks qualities with instantaneous measurings of respiration and biometry. They respectively allow to estimate basic metabolism and to calculate state index. On the other hand, it consists in measuring differently degrees of resistance by the observation of respiration and mortality after thermal stresses. This study allowed to show that the environment and the stresses only act as indications of a pre-existent wealilless,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mortalité; Crassostrea gigas; Familles gééntiques; Métabolisme; Respiration; Mortality; Crassostrea gigas; Genetic family; Metabolism; Respiration.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00412/52321/53090.pdf

Mortalité estivale es huîtres (C. gigas) : questions souvent posées et éléments de réponse
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick.
Comment peuvent se comprendre et s'expliquer les mortalité estivales de l'huître creuse en Charentes Maritimes? Sur la base des travaux effectués au cours du défi MOREST (2002-2005), ce poster présente un schéma conceptuel du processus de mortalités estivales, et illustre à partir de dessins humoristiques, les différents stress qui peuvent provoquer des mortalités sur des huîtres fragilisées par des conditions automnales et hivernales défavorables.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Stress; Mortalités estivales; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/acte-4037.pdf

Gametogenesis, reproductive investment, and spawning behavior of the Pacific giant oyster Crassostrea gigas: evidence of an environment-dependent strategy
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Enriquez-diaz, M.; Pouvreau, Stephane; Chavez-villalba, J.; Le Pennec, M.
The progress of gametogenesis was studied in oysters Crassostrea gigas having the same origin (Tremblade), but cultured during 1 year in two distinctive French marine areas, the Baie des Veys and Marennes-Ol,ron. We assessed seasonal changes in the reproduction cycle on the basis of stereological techniques to estimate reproductive investment and measurement of gonad evolution area by quantitative histology. From a qualitative point of view, both oyster groups presented typical reproductive stages, but showed differential timing, in particular during the sequence of spawning and duration of the re-absorption stage. Oysters in Baie des Veys had a single partial spawning in August and a re-absorption stage that extended until winter. Oysters in...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Stereology; Reproductive investment; Pacific oysters; Image analysis; Gametogenesis; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/publication-7300.pdf

Temperature and seston quantity and quality effects on field reproduction of farmed oysters, Crassostrea gigas, in Bourgneuf Bay, France
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Dutertre, Mickael; Beninger, Peter G.; Barille, Laurent; Papin, Mathias; Rosa, Philippe; Barille, Anne-laure; Haure, Joel.
The proliferation of the voluntarily-introduced cupped oyster, Crassostrea gigas, has attained the proportions of species invasion in many intertidal habitats in Europe, presumably resulting from successful reproduction of farmed individuals. It is thus imperative to better understand the reproductive characteristics of farmed oysters, since they are directly under human control. We quantified the dry tissue mass (DTM), gametosomatic index (GSI), and reproductive cycle of farmed oysters at two sites in Bourgneuf Bay, France, in relation to environmental parameters using continuously-recording probes in 2005 and 2006. The GSI was developed for this study, based on the actual area occupied by gametes, rather than the area of the gonad previously used for...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Atlantic Ocean; Crassostrea gigas; Oyster farming; Bivalve; Gametosomatic index; Biological invasion; Atresia; Oocytes; Turbidity; Temperature; Reproduction.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/publication-6871.pdf

L'ostréiculture sur la côte Ouest du Cotentin
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Goulletquer, Philippe; Joly, Jean-pierre; Kopp, Joel; Legagneur, Eric; Moriceau, Jacques; Ruelle, Francois.
L'ostréiculture sur la côte Ouest Cotentin a été étudiée à partir d'estimations des stocks en élevage et de suivis de populations entre 1990 et 1992. A partir de stratégies d'échantillonnages, les stocks en élevage ont été estimés à 33 556 et 35 542 t respectivement en 1990 et 1991. Sur une production normande annuelle totalisant 34 914 tonnes, 53% a été produit sur la côte Ouest Cotentin en 1990. Un modèle global d'aménagement est proposé définissant la relation entre les performances de croissance mesurées, les cheptels en élevage, le niveau d'émersion, et la distance par rapport aux principales sources d'éléments nutritifs terrigènes. Près de 80% de la variabilité du poids final est expliqué par ce modèle régressif destiné à faciliter les décisions...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Stock; Croissance; Composition biochimique; Aménagement; Cotentin.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00092/20326/17972.pdf

Effect of nutrition on Crassostrea gigas larval development and the evolution of physiological indices. Part A: Quantitative and qualitative diet effects
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Ben Kheder, Rym; Quere, Claudie; Moal, Jeanne; Robert, Rene.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Larvae; Growth; Metamorphosis; Nutrition level and quality; Lipids; Condition indices.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00009/11997/9041.pdf

The Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel (VDAC) of Pacific Oysters Crassostrea gigas Is Upaccumulated During Infection by the Ostreid Herpesvirus-1 (OsHV-1): an Indicator of the Warburg Effect
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Delisle, Lizenn; Fuhrmann, Marine; Quere, Claudie; Pauletto, Marianna; Pichereau, Vianney; Pernet, Fabrice; Corporeau, Charlotte.
Voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) is a key mitochondrial protein. VDAC drives cellular energy metabolism by controlling the influx and efflux of metabolites and ions through the mitochondrial membrane, playing a role in its permeabilization. This protein exerts a pivotal role during the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection in shrimp, through its involvement in a particular metabolism that plays in favor of the virus, the Warburg effect. The Warburg effect corresponds to an atypical metabolic shift toward an aerobic glycolysis that provides energy for rapid cell division and resistance to apoptosis. In the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, the Warburg effect occurs during infection by Ostreid herpesvirus (OsHV-1). At present, the role of VDAC in...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Voltage-dependent anion channel; Warburg effect; Crassostrea gigas; Ostreid herpes virus.
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00420/53129/54142.pdf

Recruitment of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas in a shellfish-exploited Mediterranean lagoon: discovery, driving factors and a favorable environmental window
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lagarde, Franck; Roque D'Orbcastel, Emmanuelle; Ubertini, Martin; Mortreux, Serge; Bernard, Ismael; Fiandrino, Annie; Chiantella, Claude; Bec, Beatrice; Roques, Cecile; Bonnet, Delphine; Miron, Gilles; Richard, Marion; Pouvreau, Stephane; Lett, Christophe.
In the context of increasing demand for environmental recovery, aquatic systems may face the challenge of evolving under oligotrophication. This is the case in Mediterranean lagoons, in particular the shellfish-farmed Thau lagoon in France, where we studied recruitment of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Oyster spat and environmental parameters were monitored at several sampling sites for 3 yr (2012 to 2014) using an original method with a temporal overlap deployment of collectors to study pre- and post-settlement processes and to identify the best conditions for recruitment. Contrary to the ‘no Pacific oyster reproduction’ paradigm in Mediterranean lagoons, our study showed that recruitment of this introduced species is possible in the Thau lagoon at...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Oyster spat; Pediveliger; Metamorphosis; Recruitment; Oligo trophication; Larval ecology.
Ano: 2017
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00398/50899/51672.pdf

Ressources génétiques chez les huîtres creuses : conservatoire de souche et marqueurs moléculaires
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Boudry, Pierre; Heurtebise, Serge; Collet, Bertrand; Cornette, Florence; Ledu, Christophe; Phelipot, Pascal; Gerard, Andre.
The cupped oyster strain bank was created at Ifremer at La Tremblade in 1992. It was funded by the Poitou-Charentes regional council. Its goals were: 1. to study the intra- and interspecific genetic differentiation within the genus Crassostrea. 2. to study acclimatization potential of foreign oysters in French waters in order to identify species that could replace Crassostrea gigas in case of a major disease outbreak in C. gigas or in case of a need or desire to diversify shellfish production. 3. to study the possibility of interspecific hybridisation in the genus Crassostrea and hybrid performance.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Saccostrea commercialis; Crassostrea rhisophorae; Crassostrea gasar; Crassostrea sikamea; Crassostrea virginica; Crassostrea rivularis; Crassotea angulata; Crassostrea gigas; Génétique.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1997/acte-3242.pdf

Etude du secteur de Marennes-Oléron (partie sud du bassin charentais) : suivi de la reproduction de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas en 1999. Bilan de trois années d'observation de 1997 à 1999
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Arnaud, Christophe; Faury, Nicole; Bouquet, Jean-paul.
The Marennes-Oléron is a well known cupped oyster (Crassostrea gigas) and mussel (Mytilus edulis) reproduction area. Every year, a monitoring of the reproduction of these two species is carried out on behalf of the Regional Shellfish Culture Section of Marennes-Oléron. This monitoring aims to determine the periods of larval emission in order to let the professionals know about the best collection times This study presents the main results obtained in 1999 and compares them with those obtained in 1997 and 1998. The year 1999 showed good results as far as larval emission and development are concerned in both oysters and mussels. The comparison of the three consecutive years shows the disparity of larval evolutions.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marennes Oléron; Captage; Larves; Mytilus edulis; Moules; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres; Reproduction.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1999/rapport-6571.pdf

Affinage des huîtres creuses Crassostrea gigas en claires ostréicoles du Bassin de Marennes-Oléron : Etude des modifications de la Norme AFNOR-NF V 45 056
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Robert, Stephane; Goulletquer, Philippe; Soletchnik, Patrick; Geairon, Philippe; Le Moine, Olivier; Razet, Daniel; Faury, Nicole; Taillade, Sylvie.
Within its oyster quality project, the Marennes-Oleron Professional Organization (SRC) aims to improve the zootechnic rearing conditions in ponds for the Pacific cupped oyster C. gigas "fines de claires" and "speciales de claires", presently specified by the French norm AFNOR NF V45-056 (AFNOR, 1985). The proposed modifications concern a seasonal management of the oyster biomass per m2 , using 1 and 3kg/m2, during 2 weeks from April 1rst to October 31, and 3 weeks from November 1 to March 31, respectively. The Shellfish Aquaculture Laboratory of Poitou-Charentes (LCPC) carried out experiments to address the professional and decision-makers request for an assessment of those modifications on the final oyster quality compared to the current rearing...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Affinage; Claires ostréicoles; AFNOR NF V 45-056; Pacific Cupped oyster; Crassostrea gigas; Growth; Oyster ponds; AFNOR NF V 45-056.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00102/21325/18948.pdf

Modelling the accumulation of PSP toxins in Thau Lagoon oysters (Crassostrea gigas) from trials using mixed cultures of Alexandrium catenella and Thalassiosira weissflogii
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lassus, Patrick; Amzil, Zouher; Baron, Regis; Sechet, Veronique; Barille, Laurent; Abadie, Eric; Bardouil, Michele; Sibat, Manoella; Truquet, Philippe; Berard, Jean-baptiste; Gueguen, Marielle.
In October and November 2003 a bloom of the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella was observed in the North-east zone of Thau lagoon (French Mediterranean coast). Sea water samples were collected every hours to evaluate time-related variations of phytoplankton concentrations and to compare the relative ratio of A. catenella versus other phytoplankton species during the outbreak. From these observations, trials using recirculated sea water systems were performed to: i) evaluate the physiological effects on oyster of increasing proportions of A. catenella within a mixed microalgal diet where the non-toxic diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii was present at concentration: 1500 cells ml(-1), ii) compare the effect of two temperatures (12 degrees C and 18...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mediterranean Sea; Alexandrium catenella; Toxin content; Model; Crassostrea gigas; Paralytic shellfish poisoning.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-2624.pdf

Contrôle de la gamétogénèse des huîtres creuses et plates. Relations "reproduction" et "génétique"
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gerard, Andre; Naciri-graven, Yamama; Boudry, Pierre; Launey, Sophie; Heurtebise, Serge; Ledu, Christophe; Phelipot, Pascal.
At the end of the 1980s, after two decades of aquaculture research in molluscs, Ifremer initiated its first genetic studies. These new studies quickly revealed the limits of knowledge in aquaculture, particularly in terms of controlling oyster reproduction. This presentation attempts to summarize the available information on genetics in aquaculture. In particular, breeding practices in the 1980s involved populations of broodstock, while genetics requires modern techniques where individuals, not just populations, can be identified. Controlling reproduction at the individual level in oysters raises new questions that existing protocols cannot address, especially in terms of controlling sex determination, individual maturity, spawning synchrony, chemical...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Gamètes; Fécondation; Induction ponte; Reproducteur; Conditionnement; Gamétogénèse; Génétique; Reproduction; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1995/acte-3210.pdf

Detoxification of Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas fed on diets of Skeletonema costatum with and without silt, following PSP contamination by Alexandrium minutum
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gueguen, Marielle; Bardouil, Michele; Baron, Regis; Lassus, Patrick; Truquet, Philippe; Massardier, Julie; Amzil, Zouher.
Contamination of shellfish by paralytic shellfish poisoning ( PSP) toxins poses an economic threat to shellfish farmers. As contaminated shellfish cannot be harvested for long periods of time, it would be very useful to develop processes to optimise and shorten their detoxification. In this study, Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas were first experimentally contaminated over a period of 13 days with a continuous flow of toxic Alexandrium minutum cultures at concentrations ranging from 150 to 200 cell ml(-1) ( toxin content after 13 days of contamination 438 mu g STX equiv. 100 g(-1) wet weight). Then, two different detoxification treatments were tested and showed detoxification rates greater than those observed in coastal environments. The first treatment...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Alexandrium minutum; Crassostrea gigas; Detoxification; Inorganic matter; Organic matter; PSP; Paralytic shellfish poisoning.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/publication-3896.pdf

Effects of short-term environmental disturbances on living benthic foraminifera during the Pacific oyster summer mortality in the Marennes-Oléron Bay (France)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bouchet, Vincent; Debenay, Vincent; Sauriau, Pierre-guy; Radford Knoery, Joel; Soletchnik, Patrick.
Sediment cores were collected from April to August 2004 on tidal mudflats of the macrotidal Marennes-Oléron Bay (SW France), famous for the cultivation of Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas). The response of living (stained) benthic foraminifera to short-term biogeochemical disturbances in the sediment and overlying water, which may be involved in oyster summer mortality, was monitored. Short-term hypoxia occurred in early June, in conjunction with a sudden rise in temperature. In mid-June, the ammonia content of sediment porewater increased, leading to potentially maximal flux towards overlying waters. Foraminiferal assemblages, particularly in the topmost layer, were altered. Ammonia tepida was the most tolerant to temperature increase and hypoxic...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marennes Oléron bay; Aquaculture; Crassostrea gigas; Intertidal; Ammonium; Hypoxia; Organic matter; Living benthic foraminifera.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-2586.pdf

Physiologie de la maturation et de la ponte chez l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick; Geairon, Philippe; Razet, Daniel; Goulletquer, Philippe.
The physiological ecology of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas was studied using a conditioning delayed by temperature. Experiments were carried out on five batches and 2 year-classes classified into 6 maturation stages. The scope for growth concerning the stages N*5 and 6 was nearly zero while positive for early stages as well as for the post-spawning stage. Moreover, the 1 year-old oysters showed a significant lowered scope for growth (-110 J/h) compared to adult oysters (-14 J/h), therefore demonstrating the increased sensitivity of young oysters to stressful environmental conditions. By comparing the experimental results with the current models, developed on immature oysters, facilitates the model parameters spécifications during gametogenesis. For...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Modelling; Ecophysiology; Mortality; Crassostrea gigas; Modèle; Ecophysiologie; Mortalité; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1996/rapport-1643.pdf

Sur une tumeur du manteau de Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Comps, Michel; Quiros-ramos, Hernando; Razet, Daniel.
A tumor of the mantle has been found in Crassostrea gigas coming from oyster-bed of Marennes-Oleron basin. Near the tumor, the shells show a malformation. Microscopic examination shows the connective nature of this tumor, it was covered with an epithelium and consisted of several sinuses filled with leucocytes.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Shell; Tumor; Mantle; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1973
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1973/publication-2150.pdf

Spirolide uptake and detoxification by Crassostrea gigas exposed to the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium ostenfeldii
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Medhioub, Walid; Lassus, Patrick; Truquet, Philippe; Bardouil, Michele; Amzil, Zouher; Sechet, Veronique; Sibat, Manoella; Soudant, Philippe.
Oysters (Crassostrea gigas) were exposed 4 days to cultures of the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium ostenfeldii (strain CCMP1773) that produces spirolides belonging to fast acting toxins (FAT) and let depurate for 7 days. During depuration, oysters were either fed the non-toxic algae Isochrysis galbana Tahitian clone (T. Iso) or starved. The objectives of this experiment were to evaluate (i) spirolide uptake and depuration by oysters (ii) spirolide effects on oysters and (iii) oyster recovery according to food supply during depuration. A. ostenfeldii cells were filtered and ingested by oysters while faeces contained numerous intact cells of the toxic diet. This suggested that ingested cells were not totally digested by oysters. Contents of spirolides (SPX)...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Spirolides; Alexandrium ostenfeldii; Contamination; Depuration; Crassostrea gigas; Inflammatory responses.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00098/20953/18740.pdf

Reproduction de l'huître creuse (Crassostra gigas) dans le Bassin de Marennes Oléron. La pêche expérimentale de larves d'huîtres, indicateurs de ponte et de recrutuement. Analyse spatio-temporelle et relation avec l'environnement
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick.
This study is based on catched larvae data base produced since C. gigas was first imported into the Charentais Sounds (late 1960s, early 1970s). The method for catching larvae using a towed net remained unchanged between 1950 and 1998. Four sites have been sampled in the Bay since 1970, two situated in the Seudre estuary and two in the middle of the Bay. Two other sites from near the mouth of the Charente River have been sampled since 1982. For each sample, oyster larvae were counted in four size classes, from the young larva (1-4 days) to near metamorphosis (16-20 days). Each year, 100 to 150 captures were carried out at all sample sites between June and September. Captures from July and August represent 99% of the total. The main variables were: capture...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Marennes Oléron Bassin; Pertuis Charentais; Analyse spatio temporelle; Recrutement; Saison; Larve; Ponte; Huîtrs; Reproduction.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/rapport-4125.pdf

Rapport d'activité année 1978 du Laboratoire de Biologie Conchylicole de La Rochelle
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Dardignac, Marie-jose.
Rapport d'activité du Laboratoire de Biologie Conchylicole de La Rochelle concernant l'année 1978
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Conchyliculture; Sédimentologie; Croissance; Reproduction; Pertuis Breton; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1978
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00070/18091/15639.pdf

Natural hybridization between genetically differentiated populations of Crassostrea gigas and C-angulata highlighted by sequence variation in flanking regions of a microsatellite locus
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Huvet, Arnaud; Fabioux, Caroline; Mccombie, Helen; Lapegue, Sylvie; Boudry, Pierre.
The marine environment is of special interest for studying hybridization between closely related taxa because of the high dispersal potential of planktonic larvae, such as those of most bivalve species. The oysters Crassostrea angulata and C. gigas are known to be very close genetically and entirely inter-fertile under controlled conditions. However, hybridization in the wild had not been investigated, mainly due to the lack of nuclear diagnostic markers. In the present paper, we first estimated genetic differentiation between these 2 closely related taxa using 8 microsatellite markers. Interestingly, 5 markers displayed significant differences of allele size between taxa. The subsequent sequencing of alleles of one of these microsatellites showed several...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Allele size; Microsatellites; Genetic differentiation; Hybridization; Crassostrea gigas; Crassostrea angulata.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/publication-3355.pdf

Combined functional genomics and genetic approach in oyster to identify summer mortality-resistant markers
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Huvet, Arnaud; Lapegue, Sylvie.
The oyster Crassostrea gigas has global distribution and for the past several years the highest annual production of any freshwater or marine organism. Economic importance of oysters motivates a great deal of biological research, which provides the most immediate scientific rationales for sequencing ESTs and developing genomic tools.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Environmental genomics; Comparative genomics; Functional genomics; Markers; Summer mortalities; Genetic; Oysters; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/publication-4006.PDF

NMR relaxometry as a potential non-invasive routine sensor for characterization of phenotype in Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Davenel, Armel; Pouvreau, Stephane; Cambert, Mireille; Suquet, Marc; Mariette, Francois.
MR imaging is the most appropriate non-invasive technique for quantifying the growth of somatic and gonad tissues and to determine sex in the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. However, this technique is too costly for field studies where oysters are used as bioindicators of environmental quality or to be applied routinely in hatcheries. We have tested the ability of low Nuclear Magnetic Resonance relaxometry, a much less expensive technique, to obtain phenotype parameters that can be used to monitor the physiological state of oysters. NMR measurements were carried out at three different periods using a low field spectrometer equipped with a 50 mm diameter probe to investigate 60 oysters in their first year of maturity, which were then dissected to measure...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Sex identification; Growth; NMR; Crassostrea gigas; Phenotype characterization.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/publication-6456.pdf

A "G" chromosome banding study of three cupped oyster species : Crassostrea gigas, Crassostrea angulata and Crassostrea virginica (Mollusca : Bivalvia)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Leitao, Alexandra; Thiriot-quievreux, Catherine; Malheiro, Isabel; Boudry, Pierre.
The G-banding technique was performed on chromosomes from gill tissue of three cupped oyster species : Crassostrea gigas, Crassostrea angulata and Crassostrea virginica. Identification of the ten individual chromosome pairs was obtained. Comparative analysis of G-banded karyotypes of the three species showed that their banding patterns generally resembled each other, with chromosome pair 3 being similar in all three species. However, differences from one species to another were also observed. The G-banding pattern highlighted greater similarities between C. gigas and C. angulata than between these two species and C. virginica, thus providing an additional argument for genetic divergence between, these two evolutionary lineages. C. gigas and C. angulata...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea virginica; Crassostrea angulata; Crassostrea gigas; G banding; Chromosome.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1999/publication-2736.pdf

REMORA. Bilan national de la croissance de l'huître creuse de 1993 à 1995
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Goyard, Emmanuel.
What is REMORA? REMORA &amp;#8722;REseau MOllusques du département Ressources Aquacoles&amp;#8722; (Aquaculture Resources Department Mollusc Network) is a surveillance network dedicated to the growth of hollow oysters Crassostrea gigas. In the past and in most production areas, observations were made on a regular basis. In 1993, homogenising experimental protocols between the different laboratories involved was decided, as well as using a common initial oyster batch, therefore organizing a network covering all of the French coasts.This network aims at providing, each year, the production's basic characteristics found in main oyster beds (growth reference). It also better characterizes variations and shows potential tendencies.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Growth; Network of monitoring; Oyster culture.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1996/rapport-1756.pdf

Etude de l'évolution de la microflore planctonique des eaux, fèces et pseudofeces de l'huître Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: IFREMER - Laboratoire Ecosystèmes Conchylicoles (LEC) La Tremblade; ECOCEAN - Environnement Littoral &amp; Marin La Rochelle.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Physiologie; Huîtres creuses; Crassostrea gigas; Fèces; Pseudofeces; Microflore planctonique.
Ano: 1990
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00143/25475/23628.pdf

Certifying the French population of Crassostrea gigas free from exotic diseases : a risk analysis approach
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Thebault, Anne; Berthe, Franck; Audige, L.
Sample-size calculation in the context of the surveys aimed at substantiating freedom from infection have been commonly undertaken an terrestrial animals over recent years, but not on aquatic animals. A recent model developed by Audigé and Beckett in 1999 can be used to plan and assess animal health surveys. The aim of this study was to adapt that model for marine aquaculture, in particular to help in planning surveys aimed at substantiating freedom form two exotic diseases, mikrocytosis and perkinsosis, in the French population of Crassostrea gigas. As a first approach, farmed animals are so frequent that it would be very difficult to be representative of a single area or zone. To find the most appropriate sampling scheme, the model was run using @Risk...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Stochastic modelling; Sensitivity modelling; Risk analysis; Oysters; Molluscs; Crassostrea gigas; Certification; Aquatic animal surveys.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2001/acte-2710.pdf

Rapport d'activité année 1975 de l'Inspection Principale de La Tremblade
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Leon, Michel.
Rapport d'activité de l'Inspection Principale de La Tremblade concernant l'année 1975
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Conchyliculture; Contrôle sanitaire; Bactériologie; Casier sanitaire; Reparcage; Epuration; Importation; Exportation; Crassostrea gigas; Marennes Oléron.
Ano: 1975
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00070/18095/15643.pdf

Synthèse de données relatives aux numérations des larves de Crassostrea gigas dans le plancton du bassin d'Arcachon
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: His, Edouard.
L'huître japonaise Crassostrea gigas a été introduite dans le bassin d'Arcachon à la suite de l'épizootie qui a décimé l'huître portugaise, Crassostrea angulata en 1970. L'importation de géniteurs, les "huîtres mères" (1971 et 1972) et de naissain, ont permis à l'espèce nouvellement introduite, de coloniser rapidement l'ensemble de la baie. Le présent travail a pour but de rapporter sous forme synthétique les résultats obtenus en ce qui concerne les numérations de véligères de C. gigas de 1971 à 1983 inclus.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Reproduction; Naissain; Arcachon.
Ano: 1984
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00238/34954/33378.pdf

Programme 3 : Gestion durable des productions ostréicoles : les apports de la génétique. Convention 2000 RPC-A-530 Ifremer - Région Poitou-Charentes
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Boudry, Pierre; Huvet, Arnaud; Fabioux, Caroline; Lapegue, Sylvie; Heurtebise, Serge; Ledu, Christophe; Blouin, Frederic; Phelipot, Pascal; Gerard, Andre.
L'étude de la variabilité génétique de l' huître creuse Crassastrea gigas est un point essentiel dans la mise en place de programmes de gestion des ressources génétiques et de sélection chez cette espèce. C. gigas, originaire du Japon, a été introduite dans de nombreuses régions du monde et représente aujourd'hui plus de 95 % de la production mondiale d' huîtres. Introduite en France au début des années 1970 pour remplacer l' huître portugaise Crassostrea angulata, c'est aujourd 'hui une ressource de première importance pour notre région. Malgré la maîtrise du cycle de reproduction de l'espèce et son importance commerciale, elle n' a pas été génétiquement améliorée et on peut donc considérer les stocks comme « sauvages» ou « non domestiqués ». De plus, la...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Ressources génétiques; Différenciation génétique; Hybridation; Anomalies chromosomiques; Huîtres creuses; Crassostrea gigas; Crassostrea angulata.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00044/15564/12955.pdf

Première approche d'une comparaison entre deux sites ostréicoles : la Baie de Veys (Basse Normandie) et le Bassin de Marennes Oléron (Charente-Maritime) de 1997 à 2002
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Ropert, Michel; Soletchnik, Patrick.
This study, which was not scheduled in the 2002 program, is part of the WP6 of the "Mortalité et environnement" (mortality and environment) program. It follows the "Babe" manipulation (Task 2.2.1 - comparison between the Marennes Oléron Bay and the Bay of Veys). It gathers all the information about mortality in the two oyster culture sites between 1996 and 2002 and makes an attempt at crossing them with environmental data. In 2001, the Bay of Veys underwent a major crisis because of high summer mortality levels, whereas no significant problem seemed to affect the other oyster culture regions and especially the Marennes Oléron Bay...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Comparaison; Charente Maritime; Baie de Marennes Oléron; Normandie; Baie de Veys; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres; Mortalités.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2002/acte-3402.pdf

Setting of a procedure for experimental incubation of Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) embryos
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Suquet, Marc; Amourda, Christopher; Mingant, Christian; Queau, Isabelle; Lebrun, Luc; Brizard, Raphael.
Standardized experimental protocols designed to study Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) gamete quality have not been previously published. Gamete sampling variations and confounding effect of interacting factors result in large variations between replicates, decreasing the effects of the studied factors. This work aims at defining a standardized procedure for incubation of oyster embryos designed for experimental purposes.   In a first phase, four experiments were developed to improve embryo sampling and handling. They showed that a minimum of 50 embryos must be counted to decrease the variation between counting replicates. For reliable results, sampling must be carried out from 0 to 7 min after a careful agitation of seawater containing embryos...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oyster; Experimental; Embryo; Incubation.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-3593.pdf

Influence des Peintures Antisalissures a Base d'Organostanniques sur la Calcification de la Coquille de l'Huitre Crassostrea gigas.
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Alzieu, Claude; Heral, Maurice; Thibaud, Yves; Dardignac, Marie-jose; Feuillet, Michèle.
Experiments in oyster-breeding areas where oyster Crassostrea gigas suffers from anomalies of calcification, show an obvious correlation between the importance of the malformation of shells and the vicinity of port areas where a great number of boats usually stay. Organotin compounds contained in antifouling paints, and more precisely Tributyltin fluoride (TBTF) induce, in experimental environment, similar anomalies to those observed in natural environment. The amounts of total tin in the tissues of oysters living in the vicinity of spots where organotin products are brought in, can reach high values, though they appear to decrease rapidly whereas the environmental contamination lessens. The authors suggest that results of organotin upon the mechanisms of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Pollution effects; Toxicity; Calcification; Fouling control; Paints.
Ano: 1981
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1981/publication-1898.pdf

Impact of 20 : 4n-6 supplementation on the fatty acid composition and hemocyte parameters of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Delaporte, Maryse; Soudant, Philippe; Moal, Jeanne; Giudicelli, Emilie; Lambert, Christophe; Seguineau, Catherine; Samain, Jean-francois.
Arachidonic acid (20:4n-6, ArA) and its eicosanoid metabolites have been demonstrated to be implicated in immune functions of vertebrates, fish, and insects. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the impact of ArA supplementation on the FA composition and hemocyte parameters of oysters Crassostrea gigas. Oyster dietary conditioning consisted of direct addition of ArA solutions at a dose of 0, 0.25, or 0.41 mu g ArA per mL of seawater into tanks in the presence or absence of T-Iso algae. Results showed significant incorporation of ArA into gill polar lipids when administered with algae (up to 19.7%) or without algae (up to 12.1%). ArA supplementation led to an increase in hemocyte numbers, phagocytosis, and production of reactive oxygen species by...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Hemocyte parameters; Oyster immunity; Arachidonic Acid; Poly unsaturated fatty acids; Nutrition; Bivalve; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-1876.pdf

REseau MOllusques des Rendements Aquacoles de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas sur les côtes françaises (REMORA). Résultats de la lagune de Thau pour l'année 2003.
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Gall, Patrik; Lagarde, Franck; Pichot, Yves; Vercelli, Catherine.
The monitoring network IFREMER/REMORA in Thau lagoon is assessing, on a yearly basis, mortality, growth and quality criteria distributed among 6 stations. Samplings are carried out in March, June, September and December. 2003 is a year with a very important mortality in Mèze and Marseillan area due to an anoxy and an anormal mortality at Bouzigues Nord in december. The growth rate is always better than others French oysters areas. Afnor index is high (beetwen 13.7 and 16.5 in december), so the totality of the oysters are classifed in "Spéciales". Polydora sp. Index is important but the initial stock was first infected. The valve quality is good, with no gelatine, except on Bouzigues South.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: REMORA; France; Lagune de Thau; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Mortalité; Croissance; Qualité; Polydora; REMORA; France; Thau lagoon; Cupped oyster; Crassostrea gigas; Mortality; Growth; Quality; Polydora.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00113/22384/20079.pdf

Biochemical composition and energy value of Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg) cultured in the bay of Marennes-Oleron
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc; Heral, Maurice.
In the bay of Marennes-Oleron the dry flesh of Crassostrea gigas ranged from 29 to 52% proteins, 10 to 23% ash, 6 to 20% lipids and 0 to 4% carbohydrates of which 48.3 ± 21.6% were glycogen. The energy value ranged from 18.84 to 23.47 joule. Mg(-1) ash free dry weight (mean 20.27 J. mg(-1). Reproductive effort varied from 17.8 to 55.9% dry weight for males, and 43.1 to 61.9% for females during the first and third year of reproduction respectively. A high energy value for female gametes (23.47 to 26.24 J. mg(-1) dry tissue) was mainly due to a higher level of lipids (17.3 to 23% of dry tissue) in female gametes as compared to that in male gametes (5.9 to 12.3% of dry tissue). During the period of mass-loss which began in October and finished in March, the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Winter loss of flesh; Reproductive effort; Energy value; Biochemical composition; Crassostrea gigas; Amaigrissement hivernal; Effort de reproduction; Valeur énergétique; Composition biochimique.
Ano: 1988
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1988/publication-2872.pdf

Etude de la croissance d'une population d'huîtres creuses Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lemery, Nicolas.
Dans le but d'optimiser et développer des productions aquacoles, l'IFREMER travaille notamment sur l'amélioration génétique des espèces aquacoles. Ce programme, cofinancé par la région Poitou-Charentes dans le cadre du plan pour sa partie investissement par l'Union Européenne dans le cadre du projet "GENEPHYS 1996-2000" pour sa partie fonctionnement, associe des partaenaires anglais, irlandais, grecs et français. Ce vaste projet, dont la coordination générale est assurée par La Tremblade, a débuté en Janvier 1996. Il vise à établir les relations entre les caractères physiologiques impliqués dans la croissance (respiration, assimilation, digestion, excrétion, rendement métabolique, etc...) et leurs bases génétiques (déterminisme, variabilité intra et inter...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique population; Huîtres creuses; Crassostrea gigas; Elevage larvaire; Variation croissance.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00033/14378/11668.pdf

Haplosporidiosis in the pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas from the French Atlantic coast
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Renault, Tristan; Stokes, Nancy; Chollet, Bruno; Cochennec, Nathalie; Berthe, Franck; Gerard, Andre; Burreson, Eugene.
Two cases of haplosporidian infection occurred during 1993 in Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas from the French Atlantic coast. The localization and ultrastructure of the plasmodia are described. In situ hybridization of infected tissue sections was conducted with DNA probes for oyster-infecting haplosporidians. The Haplosporidium nelsoni-specific DNA probe MSX1347 hybridized with the C. gigas parasite, and the H, costale-specific probe SSO1318 did not hybridize. Total genomic DNA was extracted from the infected tissue sections for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the haplosporidian. PCR amplifications with H. nelsoni-specific primers and with 'universal' actin primers did not yield the expected products of 573 and 700 bp, respectively. A...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Haplosporidium nelsoni; Haplosporidiosis; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oyster.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2000/publication-821.pdf

Vibrio gigantis sp nov., isolated from the haemolymph of cultured oysters (Crassostrea gigas)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Roux, Frederique; Goubet, A; Thompson, F; Faury, Nicole; Gay, Melanie; Swings, J; Saulnier, Denis.
Polyphasic analysis of four new Vibrio isolates originating from the haemolymph of diseased cultured oysters is described. The new isolates were closely related to Vibrio splendidus, having 98 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. Phylogenetic analysis based on DNA gyrase subunit B (gyrB), RNA polymerase Quo factor (rpoD), replication origin-binding protein (rctB) and transmembrane regulatory protein (toxR) genes, fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism and DNA-DNA hybridization experiments clearly showed that the new isolates form a tight genomic group that is different from the currently known Vibrio species. It is proposed that these new isolates should be accommodated in a novel species, Vibrio gigantis sp. nov. Phenotypic features that...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Vibrio gigantis; Haemoplymph; Disease; Crassostrea gigas; Oyster culture.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/publication-792.pdf

Using a satellite DNA family for species identification of commercial oysters
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lopez-flores, I.; De La Herran, R.; Garrido-ramos, M. A.; Boudry, Pierre; Ruiz-rejon, C.; Ruiz-rejon, M.
The cultivation of oyster presents some problems related with the identification and differentiation of species as Ostrea edulis (European flat oyster) with respect to Ostrea stentina (Provence oyster) or Crassostrea angulata (portuguese oyster). Crossostrea gigas (Pacific oyster). We have characterized a satellite DNA family and used it as a molecular marker for genetic differentiation between commercial and non-commercial oyster species present in Europe. This marker clearly supports a high degree of differentiation between O. edulis and O. stentina and conversely upholds the contention that C. gigas and C. angulata are the same species.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Satellite DNA; Ostres stentina; Ostrea edulis; Genetic; Crassostrea angulata; Crassostrea gigas; Oysters.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/acte-3484.pdf

Etude épidémiologique descriptive des mortalités exceptionnelles d'huîtres creuses enregistrées sur le littoral français en 2008
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Miossec, Laurence; Allain, Gwenhael; Arzul, Isabelle; Francois, Cyrille; Garcia, Celine; Cameron, Angus.
En 2008, des mortalités massives d'huîtres creuses (Crassostrea gigas) ont été recensées en France pendant l'été. Ce phénomène, observé de façon récurrente sur les côtés françaises depuis le milieu des années 70, a présenté un caractère exceptionnel en 2008 car il a été observé simultanément dans tous les bassins ostréicoles. De plus, les taux de mortalité calculés ont été particulièrement élevés (80 à 100 % pour de nombreux lots). La détection, fréquente et souvent simultanée, d'herpèsvirus OsHV1 et de plusieurs bactéries de la famille des Vibrionacées dans le cadre de la surveillance menée par le réseau national Repamo (réseau de pathologie des mollusques) a mis en évidence le caractère infectieux de l'épisode épidémique 2008. Une étude épidémiologique a...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: France; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres; Mortalités; Epidémiologie.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/acte-6771.pdf

Response to divergent selection for resistance to summer mortality in Pacific oyster spat : genetic parameters and correlated responses with subsequent survival and growth
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Boudry, Pierre; Bedier, Edouard; Ernande, Bruno; Degremont, Lionel.
The multidisciplinary program "MOREST" aims to improve our understanding of causes of summer mortality in Crassostrea gigas juveniles in France and to reduce its impact on oyster production. As part of this program, four successive generations of families were bred between 2001 and 2005 in our research hatchery in La Tremblade. Survival and growth were recorded in the field in three sites along the French coast (Ronce, Rivière d'Auray and Baie des Veys). The first generation (44 full-sib families nested within 17 half-sib families) was tested during summer 2001 to assess to what extent genetic variability exists for spat survival.  An important genetic basis was found (estimated narrow-sense heritability among sites = 0.83 ± 0.40). In contrast, lower...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Survival; Growth; Genetic parameters; Summer mortality; Selection; Genetic; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oysters.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/acte-3458.pdf

Caractérisation morphologique et fonctionnelle des hémocytes chez l'huître plate, Ostrea edulis
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Xue, Quiggang.
The mechanism that bivalve molluscs react to infectious agents are important research subjects in the fIeld of disease control studies for these animals. While the selection of disease resistant populations have made decisive progression in some species, the mechanism behinds these resistant phenomena is not yet clear so far. However, hemocytes must represent one of the key factors in the reaction process. Based on this hypothesis, the structure and function of European flat oyster, Ostrea edulis, hemocytes have been investigated in aid of different techniques in the present study. ln addition, Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, hemocytes have been analysed in certain aspects so as to provide some results for comparison. European flat oyster and Pacific...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bivalvia; Ostrea edulis; Crassostrea gigas; Mécanismes de défense; Hémocytes; Granulocytes; Hyalinocytes; Séparation; Anticorps monoclonaux; Enzymes; Cytométrie de flux; Bivalvia; Ostrea edulis; Crassostrea gigas; Defence mechanisms; Hemocytes; Granulocytes; Hyalinocytes; Separation; Monoclonal antibodies; Enzymes; Flow cytometry.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00107/21820/19406.pdf

Les risques conchylicoles en Baie de Quiberon. Deuxième partie : le risque de prédation sur l’huître creuse Crassostrea gigas. Rapport final du projet Risco 2010-2013
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Mazurie, Joseph; Stanisiere, Jean-yves; Bouget, Jean-francois; Langlade, Aime; Leclerc, Emilie; Quinsat, Kevin; Herve, Gilles; Augustin, Jean-marie; Ehrhold, Axel; Sinquin, Jean-marc; Meidi-deviarni, Ika; Goubert, Evelyne; Cochet, Helene; Dreano, Alain.
This study (“Risco”), implicating both industry, socio-economic experts and biologists, was funded by the Regional Council of Brittany, for 3 years (2010-2012), to investigate about the causes of oysters (Crassostrea gigas) mortalities in the bay of Quiberon (South Brittany, France). The protocol including both a sonar and video visualization of the bottom, and a monthly survey of 15 experimental oyster structures, allowed to assess the risk due to predation. A clear spatial distribution of the predatory effect was evidenced, with starfish (Asterias rubens and Marthasterias glacialis) predominating in the North-East sector, and boring snails (Ocenebra erinacea and Pterophora inornata) in the South-Center area.. The main mortalities from these predators...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Baie de Quiberon; Huître; Crassostrea gigas; Risque; Mortalité; Prédation; Étoiles de mer; Bigorneaux perceurs; Risco; Bay of Quiberon; Oyster; Crassostrea gigas; Risk; Mortality; Predation; Starfish; Oyster drills; Risco.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00180/29130/27534.pdf

Caractérisation et déterminisme du développement d'une population de l'annélide tubicole Lanice conchilega (Pallas, 1766) (Polychète Terebellidae) associé à la conchyliculture en Baie des Veys (Baie de Seine Occidentale)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Ropert, Michel.
Since the mid 80's, a tidal population of the polychaete Lanice conchilega has proliferated along the eastern part of the "Baie des Veys" (Western part of the Bay of Seine). Population density 7 000 individuals per square meter. This proliferation affected significantly the local oyster farming industry, by resulting increased sedimentation rates. This work try to improved understanding the phenomenon by analyzing at various temporal and spatial scales the ecosystem and its relationship with the Lanice conchilega population dynamics. Several field works were carried out (i.e. bottom type mapping, topography, hydrology) to analyse the occurrence and development of this population taking into account the overall changes of the "Baie des Veys" ecosystem....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Veys Bay; Seine Bay; Crassostrea gigas; Lanice conchilega; Mussel culture; Baie de Seine; Baie des Veys; Crassostrea gigas; Lanice conchilega; Conchyliculture.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1999/these-3.pdf

REseau MOllusques des Rendements Aquacoles huitre creuse (REMORA) ; Résultats des stations nationales. Année 1998
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Fleury, Pierre-gildas; Ruelle, Francois; Claude, Serge; Palvadeau, Hubert; Robert, Stephane; Vercelli, Catherine; Chabirand, Jean-michel; D'Amico, Florence.
The monitoring network IFREMER /REMORA is assessing on a yearly basis, from February to December, mortality, growth and quality criteria of two oyster batches ("juveniles" = one-year class ; and "adults" = two-years class), deployed among various stations of the main French oyster areas. This network is a tool for trend estimations (geographic and chronological, on the national scale) ; it must not be considered as an accurate estimation of professional oyster ongrowings. Based on REMORA results, generally tallied with professional observations, 1998 on the whole was a second year of low mortality. However several areas remained affected by significant mortalities : the baie des Veys (in Normandy), Morlaix and Pen-Bé (in Brittany) and Marennes (in...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Polydora; Commercial quality; Growth; Mortality; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific cupped oyster; France; REMORA; Polydora; Qualité commerciale; Croissance; Mortalité; Crassostrea gigas; Huître creuse; France; REMORA.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1999/rapport-1638.pdf

Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) hemocyte are not affected by a mixture of pesticides in short-term in vitro assays
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Moreau, Pierrick; Burgeot, Thierry; Renault, Tristan.
Pesticides are frequently detected in estuaries among the pollutants found in estuarine and coastal areas and may have major ecological consequences. They could endanger organism growth, reproduction or survival. In the context of high mortality outbreaks affecting Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas, in France since 2008, it appears of importance to determine the putative effects of pesticides on oyster susceptibility to infectious agents. Massive mortality outbreaks reported in this species, mainly in spring and summer, may suggest an important role played by the seasonal use of pesticides and freshwater input in estuarine areas where oyster farms are frequently located. To understand the impact of some pesticides detected in French waters, their effects...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Immunity; Hemocytes; Pesticides; Pacific oyster; Crassostrea gigas; Flow cytometry; Bivalve.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00144/25555/23700.pdf

Etude des mouvements calciques dans les hémocytes de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas : 1ères approches expérimentales
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Aton, Emilie.
Les cultures de mollusques bivalves sont continuellement exposées à des variations de facteurs d'origine naturelle (variation de la salinité et de température) ou anthropique (métaux lourds, HAP, phytosanitaires) susceptibles d'altérer les systèmes de défense des mollusques bivalves. Ces altérations expliqueraient, dans certains cas, leur sensibilité vis à vis de certains pathoègnes marins et pourraient, en partie, être à l'origine des épisodes de mortalité massive observés périodiquement chez des populations larvaires d'huîtres et de moules. C'est pourquoi de nombreuses études concernant l'immunotoxicité des polluants sont actuellement en cours. Le calcium est un second messager ubiquitaire connu pour assurer la transduction de très nombreux signaux...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Hémocytes; Calcium; Transfert calcique; Impact polluant.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00032/14336/11615.pdf

Retention efficiency in oyster Crassostrea gigas exposed to variable food quantity and quality
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Barille, Laurent; Prou, Jean; Heral, Maurice; Bougrier, Serge.
Relative retention efficiency (Er%) of Crassostrea gigas was estimated in the laboratory with 7 diets consisting of algae and silt. Total particulates varied from 1.34 mg/l in natural sea water to 27.65 mg/l in natural sea water enriched with silt. It was also calculated from field experiment to get high concentration of seston up to 66 mg/l. It appeared that Crassostrea gigas did not adjust its retention according to the food quality and the gill porosity was controlled by the concentration of particulate matter. In low seston load (1.34 mg/l) the oyster showed no change in retention for particles larger than 3-4 µm (Equivalent Spherical Diameter, ESD) but at the highest concentration (66 mg/l) it could only retain with a maximum efficiency particles...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Dietary quality; Particle concentration; Physiological model; Retention efficiency.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00100/21096/18721.pdf

Mortalités exceptionnelles d'huîtres creuses dans les Pertuis Charentais. Synthèse des résultats 2008-2009
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick.
Depuis 2008, l’ostréiculture française connaît la plus grave crise depuis l’importation de l’huître creuse (Crassostrea gigas) dans les écosystèmes conchylicoles français à la fin des années 60. Le naissain subit depuis 2 ans des taux de mortalité de 60 à 80% mettant à mal les entreprises, et en danger la profession. Ce rapport, écrit fin 2009 et validé en 2013, présente des éléments d’épidémiologie à différentes échelles géographiques et discute également de l’évolution des pratiques culturales de l’huître creuse.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huitres creuses; Crassostrea gigas; Pertuis Charentais; Mortalité; Naissain.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00154/26501/25849.pdf

Feeding and digestion with bivalves
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc.
On the contrary to the U. S. where they represent but 4.6% of the total marine production , mollusc, principally bivalves, can no longer be considered as a marginal production. In France, 100 000 ton of oysters, 98% of which is represented by Crassostrea gigas (Héral &amp; al., 1985) and 85 000 ton of mussels (Mytilus edulis, Mytilus edulis galloprovincialis) (Dardignac, 1985) are produced yeraly. Elsewhere, new rearings are being developed, such as pectinidae and Ruditapes philippinarum, on the Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts. The species presently cultured, some of which dependiing only on natural collections (Crassostrea gigas, Mytilus edulis, Mytilus galloprovincialis while others depend on hatchery production, either partially Crasssotrea gigas in...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ruditapes decussatus; Ostrea edulis; Mytilus edulis; Crassostrea gigas; Bivalves; Physiology; Digestion; Feeding.
Ano: 1986
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1986/acte-7476.pdf

Estimation de la biomasse d'huîtres Crassostrea gigas en élevage dans le bassin d'Arcachon. Été 1985.
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Maurer, Daniele; Borel, Michel; Dreno, Jean-paul.
L'élaboration d'un modèle de gestion d'un bassin conchylicole nécessite, en particulier, la connaissance de l’évolution des stocks d'huîtres d'une année à l'autre afin d'en apprécier l'influence éventuelle sur le rendement.  Le présent travail décrit la méthodologie utilisée et les résultats obtenus au cours de la première estimation du stock d'huîtres Crassostrea gigas en élevage dans le bassin d'Arcachon en 1985.  Cette estimation nécessite l'utilisation simultanée de photographies aériennes (évaluation de la surface réellement exploitée ) et de sondages-terrain (évaluation de la biomasse par unité de surface). Ces derniers ont également permis de valider les résultats obtenus par photographie.  En 1985, le taux d'exploitation variait, selon la zone...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Biomasse; Bassin d'Arcachon; Crassostrea gigas; Biomass; Bay of Arcachon.
Ano: 1987
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00102/21342/18965.pdf

Les substances dissoutes dans les eaux du Bassin Marennes-Oléron et dans les eaux interstitielles de ses parcs conchylicoles : résultats préliminaires
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Feuillet, Michelle; Heral, Maurice; Razet, Daniel; Guerguin, F.; Abrioux, M. F.
The bassin of Marennes-Oléron, estuary medium shows very strong rates in total dissolved carbon and more particularly in sugars. It appears that the MOD could be directly used by oysters. There energy contribution could be enough for breeding Crassostrea gigas.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: MOD; Substances organiques dissoutes; Marennes Oléron; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres; Nutrition.
Ano: 1979
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1979/acte-3000.pdf

Les pratiques culturales peuvent-elles permettre de réduire la surmortalité du naissain d'huîtres creuses? Récapitulatif des essais d'élevage et expérimentations zootechniques menés sur le territoire français entre 2008 et 2010
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick; Mazurie, Joseph; Allain, Gwenhael; Bedier, Edouard; Benabdelmouna, Abdellah; Blin, Jean-louis; Bouquet, Anne-lise; Cochet, Hélène; Degremont, Lionel; Gaussem, Florian; Gervasoni, Erika; Glize, Philippe; Petton, Bruno; Roussel, Pierre-yves; Pernet, Fabrice.
This paper summarizes knowledge about relations between husbandry practices and oyster spat mortalities since 2008 in France. These relations are strictly analyzed from a panel of experiments set on the shore (in outdoor experiments) by Ifremer teams and technical institutes all over French coasts. Results show some practices are able to reduce spat mortality with some influencing factors relevant of spat quality (sanitary status, natural or genetic selection) or husbandry practices. Spat “free” of virus is able to survive up to 90% when it is isolated and confined in ponds or nursery, during an epidemic crisis. When outbreaks occurred in oyster beds, natural or nursery spat died in almost same proportions. In 2010, some studies conducted in Mediterranean...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Surmortalité; Naissain; Huître creuse; OsHV-1; Pratiques culturales; Mortality; Spat; Cupped oyster; Crassostrea gigas; OsHV-1; Cultural practices.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00032/14280/25847.pdf

Estimation des stocks d'huîtres en élevage dans la Baie de Bourgneuf en 2002
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Haure, Joel; Martin, Jean-louis; Dupuy, Beatrice; Nourry, Max; Palvadeau, Hubert; Papin, Mathias; Penisson, Christian; Le Moine, Olivier; Geairon, Philippe; Razet, Daniel.
Depuis plusieurs années, un déficit de croissance est noté en baie de Bourgneuf et confirmé par les résultats du réseau REMORA qui montrent des gains de poids très nettement inférieurs à la moyenne nationale. Ce déficit de croissance s'accentue particulièrement en 2000. L' une des hypothèses pouvant être mise en avant pour expliquer les causes de ce manque de croissance est la biomasse accrue des organismes filtreurs cultivés ou non : huîtres, moules, crépidules. Afin d'avoir un e vision globale du fonctionnement de l'écosystème de la baie, il est nécessaire d'étudier l' importance relative de ces différents stocks de coquillages. Le LCPL a réalisé en 2002 l'estimation du stock d' huîtres cultivées dans la baie de Bourgneuf. Pour ce type d'estimation, la...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huîtres creuses; Crassostrea gigas; Estimation de stock; Biomasse; Baie de Bourgneuf; Vendée.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00047/15869/13288.pdf

Caractérisation sur estran et en laboratoire des 3 séries produites en troisième génération : G3SD - G3C1 - G3C2
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Degremont, Lionel; Fortin, Adeline; Boudry, Pierre.
Dans le cadre du programme MOREST, une première génération d'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas (G1) a été réalisée en 2001 à partir d'un plan de croisement hiérarchisé par les mâles. La caractérisation sur estran de 44 familles de plein-frères réparties en 17 familles de demi-frères a permis d'estimer l'héritabilité de la survie des naissains en période estivale. La valeur obtenue (h2 = 0,81 ± 0,29) indique que la majorité de la variance phénotypique est d'origine génétique. A partir de familles G1 sélectionnées pour les performances de survies, une sélection divergente visant à améliorer ou diminuer la survie du naissain en période estivale a été réalisée en 2002 et constitue la seconde génération (G2). La sélection divergente comprend deux séries de...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Génétique; Sélection; Estran.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00035/14668/11970.pdf

Dix ans de production en ecloserie de mollusques bivalves
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Leborgne, Y.
SATMAR has developed techniques and methods allowing a production of over 100 million spat per year at a size from 2 to 10 millimetres. Among the 13 species concerned by this production, 3 of major importance are the oysters Crassostrea gigas, Ostrea edulis and the Japanese little neck clam, Ruditapes philippinarum . The hatchery production could easily be doubled if the market would increase. Current research tend to increase the quality of the products by means of genetics and to lower the costs by improving the nursery phase.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ruditapes philippinarum; Ostrea edulis; Crassostrea gigas; Bivalvia; Costs; Marine aquaculture; Economics; Hatcheries; Aquaculture enterprises; Ecloserie; Production commerciale; Mollusques bivalves.
Ano: 1983
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1983/acte-1184.pdf

Structuration génétique d'une collection de souches de Vibrio. Contribution à la mise au point d'outils de typage moléculaire pour l'aide au diagnostic
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Jaffres, Emmanuel.
Les bactéries du genre Vibrio représentent le groupe le plus fréquemment associé à des maladies infectieuses chez les mollusques marins. Ainsi chez l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas, la majorité des Vibrios isolés d'animaux sains ou malades sont phénotypiquement classés dans un groupe de souches apparentées à Vibrio splendidus. Les récentes études phylogénétiques pars séquençage du gène gyrB, ont permis de distinguer plusieurs espèces au sein de ce groupe (V. splendidus, V. chagasii, V. cyclitrophicus, V. crassostreae, V. gigantis). Toutefois, il subsiste toujours des imprécisions dans l'arbre phylogénétique gyrB. En effet, un groupe polyphylétique de 4 espèces reste jusqu'à présent on distinguables (V. tasmaniensis, V. kanaloae, V. pomeroyi, V. lentus)....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mortalités estivales; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Vibrio spendidus; PCR-RFLP; Séquençage; Gène ADNr-16S; GyrB; Macroarrays.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00034/14479/11779.pdf

Valeur alimentaire de Tetraselmis striata et T. chui pour les larves de Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Ponis, Emanuele; Parisi, Guilina; Robert, Rene.
In an attempt to simplify mollusc hatchery-nursery procedures and to provide cost-effective alternative diets, the use of concentrated and preserved microalgae is an alternative to the use of fresh microalgae. Because of their ability for preservation, Prasinophytes appears to be good candidates for remote algal production. In the present work, the food value of fresh and preserved Tetraselmis chui and T. striata for umboned Crassostrea gigas larvae was studied. During the first experiment, fresh T. striata led to the best larval development, but these performances were not confirmed subsequently. When used as monospecific diets the food value of both Prasinophytes is unsufficient to support a good C. gigas larval development. However in bispecific diets a...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Food value; Microalgae; Crassostrea gigas; Tetraselmis chui; Tetraselmis striata; Valeur alimentaire; Microalgues; Crassostrea gigas; Tetraselmis chui; Tetraselmis striata.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2002/publication-6203.PDF

Epidémiologie analytique et descriptive des agents pathogènes, étude de la diversité des virus de type herpès (action 1). Etude des relations hôtes/agents pathogènes, pathogénèse des infections à virus de type herpèsvirus (action 2) - Contrat Région Poitou-Charentes 2000-2006
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Renault, Tristan; Le Roux, Frederique; Berthe, Franck; Arzul, Isabelle; Miossec, Laurence; Robert, Maeva; Chollet, Bruno.
Nous disposons aujourd'hui d'o utils diagnostiques sensibles et spécifiques (PCR, HIS ... ) et d'un protocole de transmission de l' infection qui permettent d'assurer un suivi des productions larvaires en écloserie de bivalves pour les espèces considérées comme sensibles aux infections à herpèsvirus, mais également pour de nouvelles espèces. En effet, des mortalités massives (100 %) ont été rapportées dans une écloserie de coquille St-Jacques en Bretagne et ont pu être associées à la détection de OsHV -1. Les résultats obtenus concernant cette espèce, Pecten maximus, complètent et reflètent l'ensemble des travaux réalisés.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Pathologie; Epidémiologie; Virus; Herpès virus; Bivalves; Crassostrea gigas; Ruditapes philippinarum; Pecten maximus.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00043/15472/12851.pdf

Mytilicola orientalis Mori, Crassostrea gigas Thunberg's parasite, in the basin of Marennes Oleron : impact on the condition and the biochemical composition of oysters during rearing
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc.
Crassostrea gigas Thunberg's infestation by Mytilicola orientalis. Mori in 1979 in the basin of" Marennes-Oléron presents two maxima,  one during spring, the other during autumn. The parasites have infested until 64 %of bred oysters.. The intensity of infestation la weak (93.5 %of oysters are infested by lass than six females) and depend on the hosts'size. By this fact, slgnificant impact appears only in spring and in winter. A middle infestation of more than three M. orientalis females seems to induce a significant decrease of rates of carbohydrates and of glycogen
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Infestation; Biochimical composition; Parasite; Crassostrea gigas; Mytilicola orientalis; Infestation; Biochimie; Parasite; Crassostrea gigas; Mytilicola orIentalis.
Ano: 1981
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1981/acte-2938.pdf

Etude du Secteur de Fouras (Partie Nord du Bassin Charentais) : Suivi de la reproduction de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas en 1998 - Bilan de dix années d'observation de 1989 à 1998
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Arnaud, Christophe; Fillon, Alain.
Le littoral charentais-maritime présente, dans sa partie nord entre l'estuaire de la Charente et la limite nord du département (île de Ré comprise), plusieurs sites intéressant l'ostréiculture pour le captage de juvéniles, dont le centre réputé de Fouras. Pour aider la profession, et selon son souhait, une assistance est fournie par l'IFREMER qui recherche les périodes d'émission de larves d'huîtres creuses afin d'informer les ostréiculteurs des époques les plus propices au captage. Contractualisé pour la première fois en 1996, puis en 1997, entre la SRC RE-CENTRE-QUEST et l'IFREMER, ce travail a été effectué à nouveau en 1998, par le laboratoire côtier DEL de La Rochelle et par la SRC, suite au renouvellement de ce contrat. La nouveauté de cette année est...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Reproduction; Naissain; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Fouras; Charente-Maritime.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00074/18492/16035.pdf

Impact du sédiment sur les mortalités estivales de naissain d'huîtres creuses Crassostrea gigas en baie de Quiberon
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bedier, Edouard; Knoery, Joel Radford; Fleury, Pierre-gildas; Quiniou, Francoise; Langlade, Aime; Cozic, Amandine; Delesmont, Edith; Delesmont, Régis; Caisey, Xavier; Lecureuil, Laetitia.
The phenomenon of summer mortalities of the Pacific cupped oyster Crassostrea gigas is observed in France since the beginning of the 90's. These mortalities are classically associated to younger stages and summer temperatures and occur during the reproduction period of the animal. The studies undertaken during the project Morest (2001-2005), showed that a number of biological and environmental risks, the interaction of them induces lethal stresses for animals in physiological weakness, exists in summer. Among these risks, that which is withstood by the oysters bred close to the sediment proved to be significant in intertidal areas. In Quiberon bay (southern Brittany, France), the breeding practices of sowing oysters in deep water is thus likely to expose...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huître; Crassostrea gigas; Mortalité; Sédiment; Composé réduit; Flux; Sulfure; Ammonium; Oyster; Crassostrea gigas; Mortality; Sediment; Reduced compound; Flux; Sulphide; Ammonia.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00108/21956/19550.pdf

Etude de la variabilité génétique de populations naturelles d'huîtres creuses Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg) du littoral Atlantique Français
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gras, Marie-paule; Gras, Paul.
The aductor muscle proteins of Japaneses oysters C. gigas collected from three different geographical wild stocks were studied by acrylamid gel electrophoreseis. The first results reveal a biochemical polymorphism of a protein fraction
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Oysters; Genetic; Polymorphism; Genetic population; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres; Génétique; Polymorphisme; Populations naturelles.
Ano: 1982
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1982/acte-2952.pdf

Etude des mécanismes de contamination des mollusques bivalves par des neurotoxines à action rapide (FAT) et développement de procédés de détoxification
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Medhioub, Walid.
Cette étude à pour objectif de maîtriser les conditions de culture et de production toxinique chez Karenia selliformis et Alexandrium ostenfeldii dans le but de réaliser des contaminations expérimentales indépendamment du caractère aléatoire des proliférations toxiques en zones côtières. Ce travail vise également à étudier l‘impact de l‘alimentation sur la détoxification artificielle de la pa lourde Ruditapes decussatus contaminée par des gymnodimines et de l‘huître Crassostrea gigas contaminées par des spirolides et enfin d‘étudier l‘impact physiologique de ces micro-algues toxiques au niveau des organes accumulateurs des coquillages. Dans un premier temps, il a été mis en évidence que les performances de croissance de K. selliformis (taux de croissance...
Tipo: Theses and Dissertations
Palavras-chave: DETOXICATION; Gymnodimine; Spirolide; Culture; Karenia selliformis; Alexandrium ostenfeldii; Ruditapes decussatus; Histology; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/4773