Consulta: subjectFacets:"De minimis"
Registros recuperados: 6
Data/hora: 11/06/2024 00:53:00

HEALTH AND SAFETY REGULATION OF SMALL, HIGH-RISK SUBPOPULATIONS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Williams,   Richard A.; Brown,   Robert N.
The choice of decision framework used to set regulatory tolerance levels for hazardous substances can be divided into rigid and flexible tolerance levels. Rigid decision frameworks include zero or deminimis that fix risk levels for some subpopulation. and/or highly tolerances The accelerating identification of highly sensitive exposed individuals and the division of the population into ever smaller subpopulations at higher risk could prove to be tremendously burdensome on regulatory systems, particularly for rigid decision frameworks. Rigid tolerance levels, philosophically based on "rights" to zero or arbitrarily low excess risks for individuals, do not contain sufficient flexibility to account for small high-risk subpopulations. Furthermore, the equal...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: De minimis; Sensitive; Decision framework; Cost benefit; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/115914

A Framework for Estimating U.S. WTO Domestic Support to 2015
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Quiroga,   Jose.
The framework allows comprehensive and consistent measurement and classification of U.S. domestic support to 2015 under different assumptions. Projections of future U.S. domestic support patterns are made with estimates published in the USDA Agricultural Baseline Projections. We also use information from the OECD, FAPRI, NASS, and our own estimates. We present key elements and an overview of our analytical framework, assumptions of a baseline scenario, and some analytical results and observations arising from our analysis. The baseline scenario extends the classification of programs in WTO notifications to 2015. The framework consists of 65 spreadsheets, which are grouped into 4 analytical stages: calculation of program estimates by commodity; calculation...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; AMS; De minimis; Domestic support; WTO; Framework; International Relations/Trade; F1; Q1; Q17; Q18; F13.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25412

Classifying, Measuring and Analyzing WTO Domestic Support in Agriculture: Some Conceptual Distinctions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Brink,   Lars.
Much confusion permeates discussions of the domestic support provisions of the WTO Agreement on Agriculture and in the ongoing Doha negotiations. The paper clarifies some conceptual distinctions with a view to dispelling some confusion, enhancing communication, and facilitating the representation of domestic support provisions in economic analysis. It distinguishes between classification of policy measures and measurement of support, between measures and support, among measures classified in various categories, between applied support and commitments, and between applied support that counts towards commitments and applied support that does not. It highlights certain issues, including the role of criteria in classifying policy measures (such as those...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: WTO; Agriculture; Domestic support; Doha; AMS; De minimis; Commitments; Rules.; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14581

Classifying, Measuring and Analyzing WTO Domestic Support in Agriculture: Some Conceptual Distinctions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Brink,   Lars.
Much confusion permeates discussions of the domestic support provisions of the WTO Agreement on Agriculture and in the ongoing Doha negotiations. The paper clarifies some conceptual distinctions with a view to dispelling some confusion, enhancing communication, and facilitating the representation of domestic support provisions in economic analysis. It distinguishes between classification of policy measures and measurement of support, between measures and support, among measures classified in various categories, between applied support and commitments, and between applied support that counts towards commitments and applied support that does not. It highlights certain issues, including the role of criteria in classifying policy measures (such as those...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: WTO; Agriculture; Domestic support; Doha; AMS; De minimis; Commitments; Rules; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7337

Constraining U.S. and EU Domestic Support in Agriculture: The October 2005 WTO Proposals
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Brink,   Lars.
In October 2005 the USA, EU, and G-20 submitted proposals on domestic support in the WTO agriculture negotiations. We consider the de minimis rules and allowances, project future (2014) distorting support for the USA and the EU-15, calculate the constraints resulting from projected values of production combined with the U.S., EU and G-20 proposals, and compare their effectiveness in constraining components of distorting support and future applied support. The de minimis rules make a significant difference for future allowed support. Under the U.S. proposal the Overall commitment constrains neither the USA nor the EU. Under the EU and especially the G-20 proposals the Overall commitment constrains distorting support to be less than the sum of the cap on...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; AMS; De minimis; Domestic support; Overall reduction; WTO; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; Q17.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25399

WTO Constraints on U.S. and EU Domestic Support in Agriculture: The October 2005 Proposals
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Brink,   Lars.
The USA, the EU and the G-20 submitted proposals on domestic support in the WTO agriculture negotiations in October 2005. This research projects future support, allowances and constraints for the USA and the EU under these proposals. Accounting properly for the de minimis rules generates a "maximum usable components" constraint, which, even when added to the cap on blue, can be more constraining than the new overall commitment. The overall commitment under the U.S. proposal constrains neither the USA nor the EU in the future. However, the overall commitment under the EU and G 20 proposals constrains both the USA and the EU to provide less future overall support than the sum of the cap on blue and maximum usable components. In general the three proposals...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; AMS; De minimis; Domestic support; Overall reduction; WTO; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23822