Consulta: subjectFacets:"Deforestation"
Registros recuperados: 102
Data/hora: 10/06/2024 11:58:07

Efecto de la deforestación en la hidrología del sur y oeste de la Ciudad de México, 1973-2002.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: García Aguirre, María Concepción.
Los bosques ubicados al sur y oeste de la Ciudad de México son muy importantes para la recarga  de mantos acuíferos que suministran agua a los habitantes de esta ciudad, pero se encuentran  afectados por tala, incendios forestales, plagas, enfermedades y urbanización. En el presente  estudio relacioné los patrones de cobertura vegetal de la región  con otros elementos del paisaje  (geología, geomorfología, suelos, clima) y estimé el efecto de la pérdida de cobertura vegetal a  través de tiempo, sobre el patrón de escurrimiento superficial de agua en la zona,  a través de   modelado conceptual  y  cartográfico. Estimé el nivel de cambio en superficie de los bosques en  el periodo 1973-2002, utilizando imágenes de satélite Landsat (MSS y  ETM), con apoyo de...
Tipo: Tesis
Palavras-chave: Deforestación; Hidrología; SIG; Detección Digital de Cambio; Doctorado; Botánica; Deforestation; Hydrology; Change Detection. Mexico City.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/1479

Legislación, cambio de uso de suelo y reforestación en manglares de Cárdenas, Tabasco.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Hernández Melchor, Gloria Isela.
En México, las causas de la deforestación del manglar son diversas al igual que sus efectos, lo que repercute en el aumento de los niveles de marginación en comunidades que dependen de la pesca como su principal actividad. Por lo que se considera necesario generar información local y regional en donde se delimiten las causas antrópicas que dan origen a la perdida de los manglares, para identificar posibles alternativas que permitan reducir su deforestación. En este sentido el presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo identificar las acciones antrópicas que repercuten en la deforestación de los manglares de la costa de Tabasco, mediante la revisión de las leyes aplicables al manglar, mismas que fueron contrastadas con las actividades económicas que se desarrollan...
Palavras-chave: Manglar; Legislación; Uso de suelo; Deforestación; Cambio climático; Mangrove; Legislation; Land use; Deforestation; Climate change; Agroecosistemas Tropicales; Doctorado.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/2356

Why Forests Are Important for Global Poverty Alleviation: a Spatial Explanation
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Sunderlin, William D; Rights and Resources Group; Center for International Forestry Research; wsunderlin@rightsandresources.org; Dewi, Sonya; World Agroforestry Centre;; Puntodewo, Atie; Center for International Forestry Research;; Angelsen, Arild; Norwegian University of Life Sciences; Center for International Forestry Research;; Epprecht, Michael; Swiss National Center of Competence in Research (NCCR) "North-South", University of Berne;.
Forests have been declared important for the well-being of the poor because of the kinds of goods and services that they provide. We asked whether forests are important for the poor not only because of the kinds of goods and services they provide, but also because they tend to be located where the poor are. We conducted a spatial analysis to ascertain the degree of spatial association between poverty and forests in seven countries: Brazil, Honduras, Malawi, Mozambique, Uganda, Indonesia, and Vietnam. For most of these countries, there was a significant positive correlation between high natural forest cover and high poverty rate (the percentage of the population that is poor) and between high forest cover and low poverty density (the number of poor per unit...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Deforestation; Forest; Poverty; Spatial analysis.
Ano: 2008

Local Perceptions of Climate Variability and Change in Tropical Forests of Papua,  Indonesia
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Sheil, Douglas; Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR);Institute of Tropical Forest Conservation (ITFC);School of Environmental Science and Management Southern Cross University ; douglassheil@itfc.org; Padmanaba, Michael; Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR); M.Padmanaba@cgiar.org; Sadjudin, Ermayanti; Conservation International; ermayanti@conservation.org.
People everywhere experience changes and events that impact their lives.  Knowing how they perceive, react, and adapt to climatic changes and events is helpful in developing strategies to support adaptation to climate change. Mamberamo in Papua, Indonesia, is a sparsely populated watershed of 7.8 million hectares possessing rich tropical forests. Our study compares scientific and traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) on climate, and analyzes how local people in Mamberamo perceive and react to climatic variations. We compared meteorological data for the region with local views gathered through focus group discussions and interviews in six villages. We explored the local significance of seasonality, climate variability, and climate change. Mamberamo is...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptive strategy; Coping mechanism; Deforestation; Ecosystem services; Gender; Seasonality; Traditional ecological knowledge.
Ano: 2013

Evaluating Safeguards in a Conservation Incentive Program: Participation, Consent, and Benefit Sharing in Indigenous Communities of the Ecuadorian Amazon
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Krause, Torsten; Lund University Centre of Excellence for Integration of Social and Natural Dimensions of Sustainability; torsten.krause@lucid.lu.se; Collen, Wain; International Institute for Industrial Environmental Economics; awcollen@gmail.com; Nicholas, Kimberly A.; Lund University Centre for Sustainability Studies; kimberly.nicholas.academic@gmail.com.
Critics suggest that Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation (REDD+) may not generate improvements in well-being for participating stakeholders, and may in fact undermine indigenous rights. To ensure positive social benefits from REDD+ projects, the United Nations REDD Programme has proposed core safeguards, including local stakeholder participation; free, prior, and informed consent; and equitable distribution of benefits. However, there is little experience to date in implementing and evaluating these safeguards. We apply these core safeguards as a framework to study how people in indigenous communities in the Ecuadorian Amazon perceive and benefit from Programa Socio Bosque, a conservation incentive program in Ecuador&amp;#8217;s...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed article
Palavras-chave: Benefit distribution; Deforestation; Ecuador; Forest governance; Payment for Ecosystem Services; Programa Socio Bosque; REDD+; Safeguards.
Ano: 2013

The Roles and Movements of Actors in the Deforestation of  Brazilian Amazonia
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Fearnside, Philip M; National Institute for Research in the Amazon-INPA; pmfearn@inpa.gov.br.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Deforestation; Migration; Population; Rainforest; Ranching.
Ano: 2008

Coca and Colonists: Quantifying and Explaining Forest Clearance under Coca and Anti-Narcotics Policy Regimes
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Bradley, Andrew V; Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Monks Wood, Abbots Ripton, Cambridgeshire, PE28 2LS, UK; avbradley@ceh.ac.uk; Millington, Andrew C; Department of Geography, 810 O&amp;M Building, Texas A&amp;M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3147, USA; millington@geog.tamu.edu.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Anti-narcotics policies; Bolivia; Coca; Deforestation; Forest clearance rates; Land-use change.
Ano: 2008

Urban Forest and Rural Cities: Multi-sited Households, Consumption Patterns, and Forest Resources in Amazonia
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Padoch, Christine; The New York Botanical Garden; cpadoch@nybg.org; Brondizio, Eduardo; Dept. of Anthropology, Anthropological Center for Training and Research on Global Environmental Change, Center for the Study of Institutions, Population, and Environmental Change, Indiana University; ebrondiz@indiana.edu; Pinedo-Vasquez, Miguel; Center for Environmental Research and Conservation and Dept. of Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology, Columbia University; map57@columbia.edu; Sears, Robin R.; Center for Environmental Research and Conservation, Columbia University; The School for Field Studies; sears.robin@gmail.com; Siqueira, Andrea; Center for Latin American &amp; Caribbean Studies and  ACT - Dept. of Anthropology, Indiana University; asigueir@indiana.edu.
In much of the Amazon Basin, approximately 70% of the population lives in urban areas and urbanward migration continues. Based on data collected over more than a decade in two long-settled regions of Amazonia, we find that rural&amp;#8211;urban migration in the region is an extended and complex process. Like recent rural&amp;#8211;urban migrants worldwide, Amazonian migrants, although they may be counted as urban residents, are often not absent from rural areas but remain members of multi-sited households and continue to participate in rural&amp;#8211;urban networks and in rural land-use decisions. Our research indicates that, despite their general poverty, these migrants have affected urban markets for both food and construction materials. We present two...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Afforestation; Amazonia; Deforestation; Rural&amp;#8211; Urban migration; Urban&amp;#8211; Rural interactions.
Ano: 2008

Accelerating Deforestation in the Congo Basin Can Pose Climate Risks
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Baidya Roy, Somnath; Duke University; sbroy@duke.edu; Walsh, Peter D; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Primatology; walsh@eva.mpg.de.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Africa; Climate change; Conversion to grassland; Deforestation; Logging.
Ano: 2005

Mapping future changes in livelihood security and environmental sustainability based on perceptions of small farmers in the Brazilian Amazon
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Diniz, Fabio H.; Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Embrapa Dairy Cattle, Brazil; fabio.homero@embrapa.br; Kok, Kasper; Soil Geography and Landscape Group, Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, The Netherlands; Kasper.Kok@wur.nl; Hoogstra-Klein, Marjanke A.; Forest and Nature Conservation Policy Group, Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, The Netherlands; Marjanke.Hoogstra@wur.nl; Arts, Bas; Forest and Nature Conservation Policy, Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, The Netherlands; bas.arts@wur.nl.
Deforestation is a widely recognized problem in the Brazilian Amazon. Small farmers play a key role in this process in that they earn their livelihood by ranching and farming. Many studies have addressed the link between deforestation and livelihood strategies adopted by small farmers. Most have focused on advanced monitoring systems, simulation models, and GIS approaches to analyze the interaction of both dimensions, i.e., livelihoods and forest cover change. Although the current toolbox of methods has proved successful in increasing our understanding of these interactions, the models and approaches employed do not consider small farmers&amp;#8217; perspectives. On the assumption that local small farmers are agents of land-cover change, understanding how...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Brazil; Deforestation; Fuzzy cognitive maps; Mental model; Par&amp;#225; ; Scenarios.
Ano: 2015

Total Historical Land-Use Change in Eastern Bolivia: Who, Where, When, and How Much?
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Killeen, Timothy J; Conservation International; t.killeen@conservation.org; Guerra, Anna; Museo Noel Kempff Mercado; aguerra@museonoelkempff.org; Calzada, Miki; Museo Noel Kempff Mercado; mcalzada@museonoelkempff.org; Correa, Lisette; Museo Noel Kempff Mercado; lcorrea@museonoelkempff.org; Calderon, Veronica; Museo Noel Kempff Mercado; vcalderon@museonoelkempff.org; Soria, Liliana; Museo Noel Kempff Mercado; lsoria@museonoelkempff.org; Quezada, Belem; Museo Noel Kempff Mercado; bquezada@museonoelkempff.org; Steininger, Marc K; Conservation International; m.steininger@conservation.org.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Deforestation; Drivers; Land-cover change; Markets; Migration; Social sectors; Tropics.
Ano: 2008

Globalization and Land-Use Transitions in Latin America
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Grau, H. Ricardo; Universidad Nacional de Tucuman; CONICET; chilograu@gmail.com; Aide, Mitchell; University of Puerto Rico; tmaide@yahoo.com.
Current socioeconomic drivers of land-use change associated with globalization are producing two contrasting land-use trends in Latin America. Increasing global food demand (particularly in Southeast Asia) accelerates deforestation in areas suitable for modern agriculture (e.g., soybean), severely threatening ecosystems, such as Amazonian rain forests, dry forests, and subtropical grasslands. Additionally, in the coming decades, demand for biofuels may become an emerging threat. In contrast, high yields in modern agricultural systems and rural&amp;#8211;urban migration coupled with remittances promote the abandonment of marginal agricultural lands, thus favoring ecosystem recovery on mountains, deserts, and areas of poor soils, while improving human...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Deforestation; Ecological transition; Forest transition; Globalization; Land-use change; Latin America.
Ano: 2008

Historical, Demographic, and Economic Correlates of Land-Use Change in the Republic of Panama
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Wright, Stuart Joseph; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; wrightj@si.edu; Samaniego, Mirna Julieta; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; samaniem@si.edu.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Agricultural income; Agriculture; Cattle; Deforestation; Forest transition; Land cover; Pasture; Plantation; Reforestation; Tropical forest.
Ano: 2008

How is global climate policy interpreted on the ground? Insights from the analysis of local discourses about forest management and REDD+ in Indonesia
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Milne, Sarah; Crawford School of Public Policy, College of Asia and the Pacific, Australian National University; sarah.milne@anu.edu.au; Milne, Mary; Crawford School of Public Policy, College of Asia and the Pacific, Australian National University; milne_mary@hotmail.com; Nurfatriani, Fitri; Research and Development Centre of Social Economic Policy and Climate Change, Ministry of Environment and Forestry Indonesia; nurfatriani@yahoo.com; Tacconi, Luca; Crawford School of Public Policy, College of Asia and the Pacific, Australian National University; luca.tacconi@anu.edu.au.
The implementation of &amp;#8220;reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation&amp;#8221; (REDD+) will inevitably be affected by local social and political dynamics, with the potential for success depending significantly on cooperation from a range of stakeholders at the subnational level. Building on recent critical research on REDD+, we look at how global policy is interpreted locally by actors who are likely to be involved in REDD+ implementation. We do this by examining local stakeholder perceptions of REDD+ and forest management in two contrasting provinces of Indonesia, Riau and Papua, where deforestation rates are high and low, respectively. Using data collected from stakeholder workshops, we conduct a discourse analysis that reveals...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Deforestation; Discourse; Environmental politics; Indonesia; REDD+.
Ano: 2016

From local scenarios to national maps: a participatory framework for envisioning the future of Tanzania
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Capitani, Claudia; York Institute for Tropical Ecosystems, Environment Department, University of York; claudia.capitani@york.ac.uk; Mukama, Kusaga; WWF Tanzania, Forest Programme; egomtimba@yahoo.co.uk; Mbilinyi, Boniface; Department of Agricultural Engineering and Land Planning, Sokoine University of Agriculture; mbly_sua@yahoo.com; Malugu, Isaac O.; WWF Tanzania, Forest Programme; imalugu@wwftz.org; Munishi, Pantaleo K. T.; Department of Forest Biology, Sokoine University of Agriculture; pmunishi2001@yahoo.com; Burgess, Neil D; UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre; CMEC, The Natural History Museum, University of Copenhagen; Neil.Burgess@unep-wcmc.org; Platts, Philip J.; Department of Biology, University of York; philip.platts@york.ac.uk; Sallu, Susannah M; Sustainability Research Institute, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds; s.sallu@leeds.ac.uk; Marchant, Robert; York Institute for Tropical Ecosystems, Environment Department, University of York; Robert.Marchant@york.ac.uk.
Tackling societal and environmental challenges requires new approaches that connect top-down global oversight with bottom-up subnational knowledge. We present a novel framework for participatory development of spatially explicit scenarios at national scale that model socioeconomic and environmental dynamics by reconciling local stakeholder perspectives and national spatial data. We illustrate results generated by this approach and evaluate its potential to contribute to a greater understanding of the relationship between development pathways and sustainability.   Using the lens of land use and land cover changes, and engaging 240 stakeholders representing subnational (seven forest management zones) and the national level, we applied the framework to assess...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Coupled human-natural system; Deforestation; Ecosystem services; Land use and land cover change; REDD+; Sustainable development.
Ano: 2016

Deforestation and the Social Impacts of Soy for Biodiesel: Perspectives of Farmers in the South Brazilian Amazon
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Skutsch, Margaret; Centro de Investigaciones en Geografia Ambiental, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico; mskutsch@ciga.unam.mx.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed article
Palavras-chave: Amazon; Biodiesel; Deforestation; Family farmers; Social impacts; Soy.
Ano: 2011

Biophysical and Socioeconomic Factors Associated with Forest Transitions at Multiple Spatial and Temporal Scales
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Yackulic, Charles B; Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University ; c_yackulic@yahoo.com; Fagan, Matthew ; Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University; mef2153@columbia.edu; Jain, Meha; Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University; mj2415@columbia.edu; Jina, Amir; Sustainability Program, Columbia University; amirjina@gmail.com; Lim, Yili; Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University ; yilime@gmail.com; Marlier, Miriam; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University; miriammarlier@gmail.com; Muscarella, Robert; Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University; rm2824@columbia.edu; Adame, Patricia; Forest Research Centre (CIFOR-INIA), Madrid, Spain ; adame.patricia@inia.es; DeFries, Ruth; Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University; rd2402@columbia.edu; Uriarte, Maria; Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University; mu2126@columbia.edu.
Forest transitions (FT) occur when socioeconomic development leads to a shift from net deforestation to reforestation; these dynamics have been observed in multiple countries across the globe, including the island of Puerto Rico in the Caribbean. Starting in the 1950s, Puerto Rico transitioned from an agrarian to a manufacturing and service economy reliant on food imports, leading to extensive reforestation. In recent years, however, net reforestation has leveled off. Here we examine the drivers of forest transition in Puerto Rico from 1977 to 2000 at two subnational, nested spatial scales (municipality and barrio) and over two time periods (1977-1991 and 1991-2000). This study builds on previous work by considering the social and biophysical factors that...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Agricultural abandonment; Deforestation; Forest transition; Puerto Rico; Reforestation.
Ano: 2011

Uncertain Emission Reductions from Forest Conservation: REDD in the Bale Mountains, Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Watson, Charlene; London School of Economics and Political Science; c.watson2@lse.ac.uk; Mourato, Susana; London School of Economics and Political Science; s.mourato@lse.ac.uk; Milner-Gulland, E. J.; Imperial College London; e.j.milner-gulland@imperial.ac.uk.
The environmental integrity of a mechanism rewarding Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation (REDD) depends on appropriate accounting for emission reductions. Largely stemming from a lack of forest data in developing countries, emission reductions accounting contains substantial uncertainty as a result of forest carbon stock estimates, where the application of biome-averaged data over large forest areas is commonplace. Using a case study in the Bale Mountains in Ethiopia, we exemplify the implications of primary and secondary forest carbon stock estimates on predicted REDD project emission reductions and revenues. Primary data estimate area-weighted mean forest carbon stock of 195 tC/ha &amp;#177; 81, and biome-averaged data reported by the...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Deforestation; Emission reductions accounting; Ethiopia; Forest carbon stocks; REDD; Uncertainty.
Ano: 2013

Genesis of an indigenous social-ecological landscape in eastern Panama
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Sharma, Divya; Department of Biology, McGill University; divya.sharma2@mail.mcgill.ca; Vergara-Asenjo, Gerardo; Department of Biology, McGill University; Instituto Forestal de Chile; gevergara@gmail.com; Potvin, Catherine; Department of Biology, McGill University; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; catherine.potvin@mcgill.ca.
Knowledge of the interplay between ecological and social influences in the context of land-use decision-making is sparse. To help fill this gap, we conducted participatory land-cover mapping in an indigenous territory of eastern Panama to identify factors that influenced household land-use decisions. The map illustrated a mosaic of land cover dominated by pasture. Primary discourse on influences from 35 semistructured interviews with landowners, women, and youth emphasized economic concerns, such as subsistence, and social-cultural factors, such as reticence to abandon traditional agriculture. Multivariate analysis showed that timing of family settlement helped determine proportion of forest cover, and place of origin helped determine proportion of short...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Eastern Panama; Deforestation; Forest cover; Indigenous migration; Land-cover mapping; Land-use change; Land-use decisions; Livelihood strategies; Local knowledge; Reforestation; Social-ecological landscape.
Ano: 2015

Stable Forest Cover under Increasing Populations of Swidden Cultivators in Central Laos: the Roles of Intrinsic Culture and Extrinsic Wildlife Trade
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Robichaud, William G; Biodiversity Research Centre, Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia; williamrobichaud@yahoo.com; Sinclair, Anthony R. E.; Biodiversity Research Centre, Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia; sinclair@zoology.ubc.ca; Odarkor-Lanquaye, Naa; Forest Sciences Centre, University of British Columbia; naalanquaye@hotmail.com; Klinkenberg, Brian; Department of Geography, University of British Columbia; brian@geog.ubc.ca.
Swidden agriculture, or shifting cultivation, is variously viewed as a great environmental threat or a sustainable system of land use. In Laos, swidden has long been considered the primary driver of forest loss nationwide, but the assessment is based exclusively on studies from the north of country, where deforestation is most severe. National policies to control swidden have percolated down to management of one of the largest nature reserves in the region, Nakai-Nam Theun National Protected Area (NNT NPA) in the Annamite Mountains of central Laos. In NNT NPA, swidden&amp;#8217;s presumed unsustainability and deleterious impact on forest cover is an untested assumption.  We tested it by methods of historical ecology, tracing the patterns of NNT&amp;#8217;s...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Annamite Mountains; Brou; Cuora trifasciata; Dalbergia; Deforestation; Historical ecology; Lao PDR; Manis; Nakai-Nam Theun; Nam Theun 2; Pangolin; Pseudorxy nghetinhensis; Saola; Sek; Shifting cultivation; Slash and burn; Sustainable agriculture; Swidden agriculture; Vietic.
Ano: 2009

Can Logging in Equatorial Africa Affect Adjacent Parks?
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Baidya Roy, Somnath; Princeton University; sbroy@duke.edu; Walsh, Peter D; Princeton University; walsh@eva.mpg.de; Lichstein, Jeremy W; Princeton University; jwl@princeton.edu.
Tropical deforestation can cause fundamental regional-scale shifts in vegetation structure and diversity. This is particularly true in Africa. Although national parks are being established to protect areas from deforestation and to conserve biodiversity, these parks are not immune to disturbances outside their boundaries. We used regional-scale atmospheric simulation experiments to investigate how deforestation in timber concessions might affect precipitation inside adjacent, undisturbed national parks in the equatorial African countries of Gabon and the Republic of Congo. The experiments revealed a complex response. Some parks showed rainfall reduced as much as 15%, while others showed slight increases. Rainfall inside parks was particularly sensitive to...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Deforestation; Logging; Precipitation; Climate change; Africa; Tropics; National park.
Ano: 2005

Recovery of Pilgerodendron uviferum (D. Don) Florin forest after antropogenic disturbance in the Valdivian Costal Range, Chile
Provedor de dados: 73
Autores: SZEJNER,PAUL; LE QUESNE,CARLOS; GONZÁLEZ,MAURO E; CHRISTIE,DUNCAN A.
The loss and decline of one ecosystem can be triggered by continuous changes in structure made by frequent and/or severe disturbances. Therefore we quantify the structural losses and the posteriori recovery after man-made disturbances of two fragments of P. uviferum in the Reserva Nacional Valdivia (RNV; 40°S) by studying the evidence of human disturbance and forest structure. Our results indicate frequent burned trees and stumps, indicating that slash and burn are the main factor shaping the present structure of these forest fragments. In both cases 86% of the basal area was represented by dead tress, and 14% of basal area by living individuals. The results show a severe past disturbance and the recovery of those P. uviferum forests by the abundant...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Ciprés de las Guaitecas; Alerce; Deforestation; Natural regeneration; Southern flora; Cordillera de la Costa.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-66432011000200010

O uso da terra na Amazônia Oriental.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: BURGER, D.
bitstream/item/57920/1/Doc40-p71-97.pdf
Tipo: Outras publicações técnicas (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Brasil; Economic; Land policies.; Agricultura; Economia; Desmatamento; Ocupação; Sistema de Cultivo; Uso da Terra.; Agriculture; Amazonia; Cropping systems; Deforestation; Land use.
Ano: 1986
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/394725

Efeitos do desmatamento com maquinária pesada em latossolo amarelo textura muito argilosa.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: BAENA, A. R. C.
bitstream/item/42512/1/Boletim-Pesquisa-157-CPATU.pdf
Tipo: Séries anteriores (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Efeito; Compactação; Compactation; Effects.; Desmatamento; Mecanização; Solo.; Deforestation; Mechanization; Soil.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/378486

Áreas críticas nas porções de recarga do Aquífero Guarani localizadas nas nascentes do Rio Araguaia.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: GOMES, M. A. F.; FILIZOLA, H. F.; PAULA, M. M. de; DIOGO, A.; CERDEIRA, A. L.
O presente trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar os dados de reconhecimento e de seleção de áreas de recarga visualmente mais críticas do Aquífero Guarani, localizadas no município de Mineiros, GO, dentro da porção noroeste da Bacia Sedimentar do Paraná. Os locais selecionados serão objeto de estudo do projeto denominado "Uso agrícola das áreas de recarga do Aquífero Gurani e implicações na qualidade da água subterrânea", principalmente no que se refere à caracterização de áreas que oferecem maior risco de ocntaminação (potencial e efetivo) para a água subterrânea, à partir das atividades agrícolas, como também do projeto intitulado "Recuperação ambiental das nascentes do Rio Araguaia.
Tipo: Folhetos
Palavras-chave: Aquífero; Área de recarga; Agricultura; Impacto ambiental; Agrotóxico; Desmatamento; Erosão do solo; Agriculture; Environmental impact; Pesticides; Deforestation; Soil erosion.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/963895

LEVANTAMENTO de informações de uso e cobertura da terra na Amazônia - 2012.
Provedor de dados: 14
Informações geradas pelo projeto TerraClass 2012 possibilitaram a identificação das grandes tendências de mudanças de uso da terra na região, podendo subsidiar os governos no desenvolvimento de políticas públicas mais adequadas às diferentes demandas existentes.
Tipo: Fôlder / Folheto / Cartilha (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Amazônia Legal; Cobertura da terra; Projeto TerraClass.; Reflorestamento; Uso da terra; Desmatamento.; Deforestation; Land cover; Amazonia.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1007600

Mudança de cobertura e uso do solo no leste acreano e seus impactos.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: SALIMON, C. I.; AMARAL, E. F. do; ANDERSON, L. O.; SILVA JUNIOR, C. H. L.; BROWN, I. F.
O sudoeste da Amazônia era, até a metade do século 20, predominantemente coberto por uma floresta ombrófila dominada por bambus, com manchas de floresta ombrófila densa. Devido a diversos fatores sócio-econômicos e ondas de ocupação, a região foi sendo transformada e hoje somente 29% do leste acreano apresenta cobertura florestal nativa. Esta mudança de cobertura do solo tem implicações diretas em vários aspectos que vão desde a conservação da biodiversidade, utilização sustentável de recursos naturais e também na prestação de serviços ecossistêmicos, como precipitação e temperatura atmosférica. A fragmentação da paisagem chegou ao seu ponto atual, onde tem-se que metade da floresta remanescente encontra-se sob efeito de borda (a menos de 120 m da borda),...
Tipo: Capítulo em livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Fragmentação florestal; Cambio de uso de la tierra; Plantas de cobertura; Deforestación; Fragmentación de hábitats; Granjas de demostración; Reservatorios de carbono; Fazenda Experimental Catuaba; Universidade Federal do Acre; Rio Branco (AC); Acre; Amazônia Ocidental; Western Amazon; Amazonia Occidental.; Cobertura do Solo; Uso da Terra; Desmatamento; Impacto Ambiental; Campo Experimental; Carbono; Estoque.; Land use change; Ground cover plants; Deforestation; Environmental impact; Habitat fragmentation; Demonstration farms; Carbon sinks.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1128541

Restauração ecológica de matas ripárias: uma questão de sustentabilidade.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: ALBUQUERQUE, L. B. de; ALONSO, A. M.; AQUINO, F. de G.; BRAGA, A. R. dos S.; SILVA, J. C. S.; LIMA, J. E. F. W.; SOUSA, A. C. DA S. A. DE; SOUSA, E. dos S. de.
bitstream/item/77792/1/doc-295.pdf
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Restauração ecológica; Mata ripária; Riparian vegetation.; Bacia Hidrográfica.; Deforestation; Ecological restoration; Watersheds.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/898185

Redução dos desmatamentos na Amazônia: política agrícola ou ambiental?
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: HOMMA, A. K. O.; WALKER, R. T.; SCATENA, F. N.; CONTO, A. J. de; CARVALHO, R. de A.; FERREIRA, C. A. P.; SANTOS, A. I. M. dos.
bitstream/item/125042/1/Reducao.pdf
Tipo: Outras publicações técnicas (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Brasil; Agricultural policies; Environmental policies.; Desmatamento; Economia da Terra; Política Ambiental; Política Agrícola; Queimada; Sistema de Cultivo.; Amazonia; Deforestation; Cropping systems; Burning; Land economics.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/395169

Mais pastagens, menos devastação: tecnologia permite redução de queimadas na formação de pastagens.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: VALENTIM, J. F.
O estado do Acre, com 152.589 km2, tem como cobertura vegetal predominante a floresta tropical úmida aberta (77%) e densa (14%) (IBDF, 1984). A ocupação da Amazônia e do Acre, em particular, a partir da década de 60, tem sido um processo dirigido através de programas dos governos estadual e federal. Esta ocupação tem como objetivo resolver problemas de natureza social, econômica e política. A relativa escassez de conhecimentos científicos disponíveis sobre os mecanismos que garantem a sobrevivência da floresta pluvial tropical, predominante na região, está longe de permitir que se possa recomendar a exploração, em grande escala e ecologicamente segura, desse fantástico bioma.
Tipo: Artigo de divulgação na mídia (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Acre; Amazônia Ocidental; Western amazon.; Degradação do solo; Amazonia occidental; Cultivo mixto; Deforestación; Degradación del suelo; Incendios forestales; Leguminosas forrajeras; Regeneración forestal; Variedades de rendimiento elevado; Floresta; Desmatamento; Queimada; Incêndio florestal; Recuperação do solo; Pastagem consorciada; Leguminosa forrageira; Kudzu; Pueraria phaseoloides; Variedade resistente.; Soil degradation; Deforestation; Forest fires; Forest regeneration; Mixed cropping; Forage legumes; High-yielding varieties; Amazónia.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/510563

Formação de pastagens cultivadas em área recém-desmatada em terra firme no Amazonas.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: MORAES, E. de; TEIXEIRA, L. B.; CANTO, A. do C.; ITALIANO, E. C.
Com o objetivo de avaliar processos de formação de pastagens cultivadas, visando a manutenção, a qualidade e a persistência das forrageiras, instalou-se um experimento no Campo Experimental de Zootecnia da UEPAE Manaus. As análises revelaram teores de 2 ppm de fósforo antes da queima da vegetação original e de 5,2 ppm de fósforo, 3,1 me% de cálcio + magnésio, 0,56 me% de alumínio e pH de 4,9, após a queima da floresta.
Tipo: Outras publicações técnicas (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Cultivo; Brasil; Amazonas; Tropical rain forest.; Desmatamento; Floresta Tropical Úmida; Pastagem; Planta Forrageira.; Deforestation; Forage crops; Pastures.
Ano: 1981
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/665312

Aplicação da metodologia de Hectare Indicator para estimativa de desmatamento evitado no bioma Amazônia.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: VENDRUSCULO, L. G.; CASTAGNA, D.; ZOLIN, C. A.; COSTA, C. A. da; RODRIGUES, R. de A. R.
Resumo - O objetivo deste trabalho foi aplicar a metodologia Hectares Indicator visando à estimativa do desmatamento evitado em 20 municípios dos estados do Pará e Mato Grosso, dentro do bioma Amazônia considerando os anos de 2016 e 2017 como períodos base. O desmatamento evitado, segundo esta metodologia desenvolvida por cientistas ingleses, é a diferença entre a perda florestal estimada e a perda florestal observada. A perda estimada baseia-se em fatores (acessibilidade, aptidão agrícola, recursos florestais e minerais extraíveis e áreas protegidas) importantes para potenciais ações de supressão ou degradação florestal. Este estudo foi realizado dentro das atividades do projeto Rural Sustentável. Foram observados municípios com valores de supressão...
Tipo: Boletim de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Metodologia Hectares Indicator; Perda florestal; Ganho florestal; Sensoriamento Remoto; Desmatamento; Econometria; Amazonia; Remote sensing; Deforestation.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1117042

Intensificação da pecuária para uma Amazônia sustentável.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: MEDEIROS, S. R. de; DIAS, F. R. T.; MALAFAIA, G. C.
Desacoplamento pecuária e desmatamento; Demanda por carne e desmatamento; Desmatamento e especulação imobiliária.
Tipo: Fôlder / Folheto / Cartilha (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Desmatamento; Pecuária; Deforestation; Beef cattle.
Ano: 2021
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1136894

Transformando a Amazônia através de "arcos de restauração".
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: BARLOW, J.; ANDERSON, L.; BERENGUER, E.; BRANCALION, P.; CARVALHO, N.; FERREIRA, J. N.; GARRETT, R.; JAKOVAC, C.; NASCIMENTO, N.; PEÑA-CLAROS, M.; RODRIGUES, R.; VALENTIM, J. F.
Esta publicação aborda a necessidade de uma restauração em larga escala na Amazônia, apontando algumas soluções.
Tipo: Folhetos
Palavras-chave: Desmatamento zero; Deforestación; Protección ambiental; Política forestal; Regeneración forestal; Restoration arches; Meio Ambiente; Desmatamento; Políticas Públicas; Política Ambiental; Controle Ambiental; Proteção Florestal; Regeneração; Amazonia; Deforestation; Environmental protection; Public policy; Forest policy; Forest regeneration.
Ano: 2023
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1151225

Desmatamento evitado na Terra Indígena Poyanawa, Mâncio Lima, AC, Brasil.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: AMARAL, E. F. do; MELO, A. W. F. de; OLIVEIRA, C. H. A. de; BARDALES, N. G.; OLIVEIRA, T. K. de; MARTORANO, L. G.; FRANKE, I. L.; HAVERROTH, M.
Este fôlder mostra a síntese dos resultados para estabelecimento de níveis de referência para a Terra Indígena Poyanawa (TIPOY) e indica caminhos para uma estratégia de alinhamento das emissões evitadas em uma terra protegida com o programa jurisdicional do estado do Acre.
Tipo: Fôlder / Folheto / Cartilha (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Deforestación; Sistemas de control medioambiental; Crédito de carbono; Cambio climático; Mercados de carbono; Povos indígenas; Pueblos indígenas; Sistema de Incentivos a Serviços Ambientais (Sisa); Terra Indígena Poyanawa (TIPOY); Mâncio Lima (AC); Acre; Amazônia Ocidental; Western Amazon; Amazonia Occidental; Desmatamento; Controle Ambiental; Mudança Climática; Políticas Públicas; Deforestation; Environmental control systems; Climate change; Public policy; Carbon markets; Indigenous peoples.
Ano: 2021
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1131667

Variação demográfica causada por exploração florestal no banco de mudas de espécies florestais em resposta a diferentes tamanhos de aberturas no dossel da floresta.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: LOPES, J. do C. A.; WHITMORE, T. C.; BROWN, N. D.; JENNINGS, S. B.
bitstream/item/57644/1/CPATU-PA170.pdf
Tipo: Séries anteriores (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Abertura; Moju; Pará; Brasil; Forest inventories.; Exploração Florestal; Inventário Florestal; Muda.; Amazonia; Deforestation; Seedlings.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/375229

A destruição de recursos naturais: o caso da castanha-do-pará no sudeste paraense.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: HOMMA, A. K. O.; CARVALHO, R. de A.; FERREIRA, C. A. P.; NASCIMENTO JUNIOR, J. de D. B.
A dimensão história do processo de destruição dos estoques de castanheiras. A dimensão do sistema extrativo. O desmatamento das áreas de castanhais no sudeste paraense e a queda na extração. As exportações de castanha-do-pará. Rentabilidade do extrativismo da castanha-do-pará versus atividades agrícolas.
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Castanha-do-brasil; Aspecto econômico; Extrativismo; Pará; Brasil; Economic situatiom; Extractivism.; Bertholletia Excelsa; Desmatamento; Exportação; Uso da Terra.; Amazonia; Exports; Deforestation; Land use.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/389411

Evolucao da erosividade das chuvas na Bacia do Alto Taquari.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: SORIANO, B. M. A.; CLARKE, R. T.; GALDINO, S.
O assoreamento do rio Taquari constitui hoje um dos mais graves e discutidos problemas de impacto ambiental e socio economicos do Pantanal. Apesar do rio Taquari, historicamente, transportar grande quantidade de sedimento, a partir do final da decada de 70 esse processo foi intensificado com a expansao da atividade agropecuaria na Bacia do Alto Taquari (BAT). Outro fator importante no aumento do aporte de sedimento para o Pantanal pode estar relacionado a mudanca no regime pluviometrico na BAT. O calculo do indice mensal de erosividade da chuva foi efetuado para dois periodos: de 1969/70 a 1972/73 (periodo 1) e de 1973/74 A 1987/88 (periodo 2), utilizando o metodo de Lombardi Neto. Foram selecionadas cinco estacoes pluviometricas localizadas na BAT que...
Tipo: Boletim de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Assoreamento; Rio Taquari; Regime pluviometrico; Mudanca; Sedimentation; Erosion; Taquari River; Rain regime; Change; Wetland.; Chuva; Desmatamento; Erosão.; Pantanal; Deforestation; Rain.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/809810

Avaliação do potencial químico e físico dos solos sob diversos sistemas de uso da terra na colônia agrícola de Tomé-Açu, Estado do Pará.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: BAENA, A. R. C.; FALESI, I. C.
bitstream/item/34519/1/ORIENTAL-BP18.pdf
Tipo: Séries anteriores (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Propriedade fisico quimico; Tome Acu; Pará; Brasil; Land sustainability.; Aptidão Agrícola; Desmatamento; Uso da Terra; Solo.; Amazonia; Deforestation; Land use.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/377888

Efeito do desmatamento na temperatura do solo em região equatorial úmida.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: DINIZ, T. D. de A. S.; BASTOS, T. X.
bitstream/item/28817/1/CPATU-BP7.pdf
Tipo: Séries anteriores (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Efeito; Belem; Pará; Brasil; Forest; Effect.; Desmatamento; Floresta; Temperatura; Solo.; Deforestation; Temperature; Soil.
Ano: 1980
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/376817

The roles of climate and human land-use in the late Holocene rainforest crisis of Central Africa
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bayon, Germain; Schefuss, Enno; Dupont, Lydie; Borges, Alberto V.; Dennielou, Bernard; Lambert, Thibault; Mollenhauer, Gesine; Monin, Laurence; Ponzevera, Emmanuel; Skonieczny, Charlotte; Andre, Luc.
There is increasing evidence that abrupt vegetation shifts and large-scale erosive phases occurred in Central Africa during the third millennium before present. Debate exists as to whether these events were caused by climate change and/or intensifying human activities related to the Bantu expansion. In this study, we report on a multi-proxy investigation of a sediment core (KZR-23) recovered from the Congo submarine canyon. Our aim was to reconstruct climate, erosion and vegetation patterns in the Congo Basin for the last 10,000 yrs, with a particular emphasis on the late Holocene period. Samples of modern riverine suspended particulates were also analyzed to characterize sediment source geochemical signatures from across the Congo watershed. We find that...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Neodymium isotopes; Suspended particulates; Congo Basin; ENSO; Human land-use; Deforestation.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00463/57467/59747.pdf

Genetic recolonization of mangrove: genetic diversity still increasing in the Mekong Delta 30 years after Agent Orange
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Arnaud-haond, Sophie; Duarte, Carlos M.; Teixeira, Sara; Massa, Sonia Isabel; Terrados, Jorge; Nguyen Hong, Tri; Phan Nguyen, Hong; Serrao, Ester A.
The widespread use of Agent Orange (a mixture of phenoxyl herbicides) over Southern Vietnam by US Forces led to the decimation of mangrove forests in the Mekong Delta. Mangrove trees Avicennia alba were sampled across the Mekong Delta; their age was assessed using models based on internode growth and samples were genotyped for 6 microsatellite loci. The evolution of genetic diversity over time elapsed since local extinction was reconstructed and compared with the genetic diversity of an unaffected population from Thailand, The results show that genetic diversity of the A. alba population is still increasing in the Mekong Delta 3 decades after the end of the Vietnam War, but is reaching an asymptotic level that is comparable to the adjacent non-affected...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Agent Orange; Deforestation; Mangrove; Local extinction; Demographic recovery; Genetic recovery; Recolonization genetics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/publication-6898.pdf

Functional differentiation between fish assemblages from forested and deforested streams
Provedor de dados: 83
Autores: Teresa,Fabrício Barreto; Casatti,Lilian; Cianciaruso,Marcus Vinicius.
We tested the hypothesis that streams in deforested areas shelter different fish communities to nearby forested areas, and that these disparities are due to environmental parameters that limit or benefit different species according to their functional traits. We compared the community composition of three south east Brazilian streams flanked by riparian forest with three nearby streams in deforested areas. The following functional traits were considered: diet, habitat use, water flow preference, size, and hypoxia tolerance. Differentiation between forested and deforested streams corresponded with the different contributions of three functional groups. Species reported in the literature to be hypoxia tolerant, and exhibiting a variable combination of the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Community ecology; Deforestation; Functional diversity; Traits.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252015000200361

Habitat use, trophic, and occurrence patterns of Inpaichthys kerri and Hyphessobrycon vilmae (Pisces: Characidae) in Amazonian streams
Provedor de dados: 83
Autores: Zeni,Jaquelini O.; Sensato-Azevedo,Luisa Martins; Santos,Eduardo Fernando dos; Brejão,Gabriel Lourenço; Casatti,Lilian.
Abstract Fish ecomorphology and diet can help us to understand species response to impacts and coexistence patterns. Thus, we developed a comparative analysis of ecomorphology and diet of Inpaichthys kerri and Hyphessobrycon vilmae and tested for environmental variables that explain their abundance in headwater streams. We sampled streams from the Aripuanã River basin, Mato Grosso State, Brazil. We sampled environmental variables following a standardized protocol and used 30 and 80 individuals from each species to obtain ecomorphological attributes and feeding index, respectively. To identify environmental variables that influence species abundance, we developed generalized additive mixed models. Inpaichthys kerri presented broader and deeper caudal...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Deforestation; Diet; Ecomorphology; Marginal grasses; Species coexistence.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252020000300208

Coutry Profile Environment Ghana
Provedor de dados: 20
This report presents information on the Environment of the Country in the following arrangement: 1 Keywords 2 Fact Sheet 3 Organization 4 Current Environmental Issues 5 International Relations 6 Information Sources 7 References
Tipo: Other
Palavras-chave: Environmental surveys; Pollution; Sanitation; Soil degradation; Deforestation; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_14073; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7168; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_15590.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/658

The eastern Africa flamingo Lakes: Building partnerships for sustainable resource management
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Raini, Jackson A.
The saline alkaline lakes of the Eastern Africa Rift Valley 'Flamingo Lakes' support diverse biological resources that are of global, regional, national and local importance. These lakes form the center piece of some of the world renowned national parks and conservation areas and are major feeding, staging and displaying ground for the region's Lesser flamingo (Phoeniconaias minor), Greater flamingo (Phoenicopterus ruber) and for over 70 species of water birds. Unsustainable land use practices within the basins of these lakes during the last four decades have adversely affected the environment in many ways. Notable among the effects are the diminishing forested areas, rampant soil erosion, waste disposal problems and deterioration in catchment water...
Tipo: Proceedings Paper
Palavras-chave: Aquatic birds; Environment management; Man-induced effects; Saline water; Biodiversity; Land use; Inland waters; Soil erosion; Deforestation; Aquatic birds; Land use; Soil erosion; Saline water; Biodiversity; Inland waters; Deforestation; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8898; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4182; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_14393; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16376; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_33949; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3876; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_15590.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/3515

Degradation of the riparian wetlands in the Lake Victoria basin - Yala swamp case study
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Thenya, Thuita; Wassmann, Reiner; Verchot, Louis; Mungai, David.
Land degradation is as a result of broad range of scales and factors, which include biophysical, climatic, demographic and socio-economic. The aim of this paper was to provide an analysis of wetland utilisation, ecosystem degradation and their effect on the Lake Victoria (Kenya) ecosystem. This involved analysis of socioeconomic and remote sensed data. The main sources of wetland degradation in the Lake Victoria basin were identified as (1) farming activities, (2) grazing and macrophyte harvesting and (3) coupled with catchment degradation-deforestation. These factors were closely related to the demographic dynamics and unsustainable land utilisation practices. Socio-economic data provided valuable insight on the pattern of wetland utilisation and possible...
Tipo: Proceedings Paper
Palavras-chave: Riparian environments; Degradation; Wetlands; Inland waters; Catchment area; Remote sensing; Environmental effects; Socioeconomic aspects; Resource development; Sediment transport; Silting; Water pollution; Wetlands; Deforestation; Natural resources; Utilization; Land use; Pollutants.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/5313

Phosphorus analysis in soil under herbaceous perennial leguminous cover by nuclear magnetic spectroscopy
Provedor de dados: 86
Autores: Canellas,Luciano Pasqualoto; Espíndola,José Antônio Azevedo; Guerra,José Guilherme Marinho; Teixeira,Marcelo Grandi; Velloso,Ary Carlos Xavier; Rumjanek,Victor Marcos.
The availability and the reserves of organic phosphorus are controlled by its mineralization rate and are also influenced by changes in soil management. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of soil covering with different leguminous plant on soil organic P by 31P-NMR spectroscopy. Alkaline soil extracts were obtained from two depths (0-5 and 5-10 cm) of an Ultisol cultivated with herbaceous perennial leguminous plants (Arachis pintoi, Pueraria phaseoloides, Macroptilium atropurpureum). In an adjacent area, samples of the same soil cover with a secondary tropical forest and grass (Panicum maximum) were also collected. The leguminous management was divided into with removal and without removal of shoot parts after cut on soil surface....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cultivation; Deforestation; Cover crops.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2004000600011

Towards a universal sampling protocol for soil biotas in the humid tropics
Provedor de dados: 86
Autores: Bignell,David Edward.
This paper reviews the methods for the inventory of below-ground biotas in the humid tropics, to document the (hypothesized) loss of soil biodiversity associated with deforestation and agricultural intensification at forest margins. The biotas were grouped into eight categories, each of which corresponded to a major functional group considered important or essential to soil function. An accurate inventory of soil organisms can assist in ecosystem management and help sustain agricultural production. The advantages and disadvantages of transect-based and grid-based sampling methods are discussed, illustrated by published protocols ranging from the original "TSBF transect", through versions developed for the alternatives to Slash-and-Burn Project (ASB) to the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural intensification; Deforestation; Functional groups; Sampling replication; Sampling schemes; Soil biodiversity.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2009000800005

A Tale of Two Communities: Explaining Deforestation in Mexico
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alix-Garcia,   Jennifer Marie; de Janvry,   Alain; Sadoulet,   Elisabeth.
Explaining land use change in Mexico requires understanding the behavior of the local institutions involved. We develop two theories to explain deforestation in communities with and without forestry projects, where the former involves a process of side payments to non-members of the community and the latter of partial cooperation among community members. Data collected in 2002 combined with satellite imagery are used to test these theories. For the forestry villages, we establish a positive relationship between the distribution of profits as dividends instead of public goods and forest loss. For communities not engaged in forestry projects, deforestation is largely related to the ability of the community to induce the formation of a coalition of members...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Deforestation; Common property; Partial cooperation; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; D70; H41; O13; N56; Q23; Q24.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25066

Will Buying Tropical Forest Carbon Benefit The Poor? Evidence from Costa Rica
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kerr,   Suzi; Lipper,   Leslie; Pfaff,   Alexander S.P.; Cavatassi,   Romina; Davis,   Benjamin; Hendy,   Joanna; Sanchez,   Arturo.
We review claims about the potential for carbon markets that link both payments for carbon services and poverty levels to ongoing rates of tropical deforestation. We then examine these effects empirically for Costa Rica during the 20th century  using an econometric approach that addresses the irreversibilities in deforestation. We find significant effects of the relative returns to forest on deforestation rates. Thus, carbon payments would induce conservation and also carbon sequestration, and if land users were poor could conserve forest while addressing rural poverty. However, we find poorer areas are less responsive to returns. This and  transaction costs could lead carbon payments policies not to be focused upon the poor. Other practical considerations...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Land Use; Deforestation; Poverty; Climate Change; Development; Costa Rica.; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; I32; O13; Q51; Q54; Q56; Q31.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23807

PECUÁRIA E DESMATAMENTO: MUDANÇAS NO USO DO SOLO EM RONDÔNIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Oliveira,   Samuel Jose de Magalhaes; Valentim,   Judson Ferreira; Barioni,   Luis Gustavo; Abreu,   Urbano G.P.; Rostand,   Andre Ramalho.
O estado de Rondônia, que se localiza na Amazônia brasileira, testemunha o debate entre a preservação ambiental e a expansão da fronteira agrícola brasileira. Este trabalho visa contribuir com este debate identificando a relação entre desmatamento e variáveis indicativas do uso de solo, tais como a área plantada com as principais culturas, o rebanho bovino e as taxas de variação destas entre 2001 e 2006 em cada município do estado. A dinâmica do uso do solo no estado é ilustrada com mapas e através da apresentação de matriz de correlação entre as diferentes variáveis acima citadas e o desmatamento. É alta a correlação entre área total desmatada e efetivo do rebanho bovino, mas não se observa correlação entre desmatamento acumulado e evolução do efetivo em...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Desmatamento; Pecuária; Amazônia; Agricultura; Meio-ambiente; Deforestation; Cattle ranching; Amazon; Agriculture; Environment; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/110030

The Impact of Settlement Design on Tropical Deforestation Rates and Resulting Land Cover Patterns
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Caviglia-Harris,   Jill L.; Harris,   Daniel.
Policymakers in the Brazilian Amazon face the challenge of meeting environmental and developmental goals as cities and towns within these tropical forests continue to face migration pressure. Alternative government planning strategies have been implemented to address forest clearing in conjunction with meeting social agendas. This paper uses panel estimation methods to investigate the impact of settlement design on land use. Results indicate that new settlement designs developed to further social interaction have had a negative impact on land cover and land use transformation. Thus, while new settlement designs appear to positively impact stated social goals, including greater contact between families and access to water and services, these social advances...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Deforestation; Land use/land cover change; Smart growth; Settlement design; Amazon; Brazil; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120290

Effects of Poverty on Deforestation: Distinguishing Behavior from Location
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kerr,   Suzi; Pfaff,   Alexander S.P.; Cavatassi,   Romina; Davis,   Benjamin; Lipper,   Leslie; Sanchez,   Arturo; Timmins,   Jason.
We summarize existing theoretical claims linking poverty to rates of deforestation and then examine this linkage empirically for Costa Rica during the 20th century  using an econometric approach that addresses the irreversibilities in deforestation. Our data facilitate an empirical analysis of the implications for deforestation of where the poor live. Without controlling for this, impacts of poverty per se are confounded by richer areas being different from the areas inhabited by the poor, who we expect to find on more marginal lands, for instance less profitable lands.  Controlling for locations' characteristics, we find that poorer areas are cleared more rapidly.  This result suggests that poverty reduction aids forest conservation.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Land Use; Deforestation; Poverty; Climate Change; Development; Costa Rica.; Food Security and Poverty; I32; O13; Q51; Q54; Q56.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23792

INSTITUIÇÕES AMBIENTAIS E DESMATAMENTO NA AMAZÔNIA LEGAL BRASILEIRA: UMA ANÁLISE EXPLORATÓRIA EM NÍVEL DE MUNICÍPIO
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Araujo,   Paulo Thadeu M.; Melo,   Andrea S.S.A.
A discussão apresentada nesse trabalho constitui-se parte de um estudo que tenta entender o desmatamento da Amazônia Legal brasileira dentro de uma perspectiva institucional. Para isto, analisa a estrutura institucional ambiental dos municípios desta região, buscando identificar se diferenças nos arranjos institucionais destes municípios podem ter levado a distintas taxas de desmatamento durante o processo de crescimento econômico dos mesmos. O crescimento econômico da região tem se baseado fortemente na expansão da pecuária de corte e do cultivo da soja, atividades estas identificadas na literatura como principais responsáveis pelas taxas de desmatamento observadas. A análise da perspectiva institucional, através de informações referentes a instituições...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Amazônia legal brasileira; Municípios; Arranjos institucionais; Desmatamento; Brazilian Amazon legal; Municipalities; Institutional arrangements; Deforestation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113384

Optimizing Voluntary Deforestation Policy in the Face of Adverse Selection and Costly Transfers
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: van Benthem,   Arthur A.; Kerr,   Suzi.
As part of international climate change policy, voluntary opt-in programs to reduce emissions in unregulated sectors or countries have spurred considerable discussion. Since any regulator will make errors in predicting baselines, adverse selection will reduce efficiency since participants will self-select into the program. In contrast, pure subsidies lead to full participation but require large financial transfers; this is a particular challenge across countries. A global social planner facing costless transfers would choose such a subsidy to maximize efficiency. However, any actual policy needs to be individually rational for both the buying (industrialized) and selling (developing) country. We present a simple model to analyze this trade-off between...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Voluntary opt-in; Adverse selection; Deforestation; Offsets; Emissions trading; REDD; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Q54; Q56.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96813

Consequences of Deforestation for Women’s Time Allocation, Agricultural Production, and Nutrition in Hill Areas of Nepal
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kumar,   Shubh K.; Hotchkiss,   David.
In the face of growing concerns about the environment, policy makers in developing countries find themselves increasingly pressured to choose between environmental deterioration in the long run and the growing demands of poor populations in the short run. Some environmentalists point to new technology –irrigation, fertilizer, and pesticides- as the basis of ecological decay in rural areas. A number of studies have shown, instead, that expanding farm yields in less fragile area through modern technology offers a viable alternative to stripping the land to expand crop area in marginal soils. In the hill areas of Nepal, as many developing countries, women’s work is the key not only to the functioning of the household but also a necessary supply of field...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Women agriculture laborers; Nepal; Agricultural productivity; Deforestation; Economic aspects; Time management; Women fuelwood gatherers; Food supply; Consumer/Household Economics; Labor and Human Capital; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 1988
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42172

Designing REDD+ Schemes to Address Permanence Concerns: Empirical Evidence from Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Veronesi,   Marcella; Schlondorn,   Tim; Zabel,   Astrid; Engel,   Stefanie.
Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) is an important topic in the debate on policies to mitigate climate change. This is the first study to test and compare the environmental impact of different REDD+ payment schemes in the field, and provide some insights on the effectiveness of different policies with respect to the permanence of forest-based emission reductions. This study implements a stated preference experiment of time allocation in the unique setting of the Kasigau Corridor REDD+ Project in Kenya, where charcoaling is a major source of forest degradation. The impact on time allocation is analyzed under the presumption that a hypothetical agricultural policy or an eco-charcoaling policy was introduced. We find that a...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: REDD; Permanence; Deforestation; Labor; Kenya; International Development; I38; J22; O13; Q18; Q23; Q28; Q56.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124131

Predicting the Deforestation-Trend Under Different Carbon-Prices
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kindermann,   Georg E.; Obersteiner,   Michael; Rametsteiner,   Ewald; McCallcum,   Ian.
Background: Global carbon stocks in forest biomass are decreasing by 1.1 Gt of carbon annually, owing to continued deforestation and forest degradation. Deforestation emissions are partly offset by forest expansion and increases in growing stock primarily in the extra-tropical north. Innovative financial mechanisms would be required to help reducing deforestation. Using a spatially explicit integrated biophysical and socio-economic land use model we estimated the impact of carbon price incentive schemes and payment modalities on deforestation. One payment modality is adding costs for carbon emission, the other is to pay incentives for keeping the forest carbon stock intact.  Results: Baseline scenario calculations show that close to 200mil ha or around 5%...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Deforestation; Carbon Prices; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q57; Q58.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9326

Deforestation and Capital Accumulation: Lessons from the Upper Kerinci Region, Indonesia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wibowo,   Dradjad H.; Tisdell,   Clement A.; Byron,   R. Neil.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Indonesia; Deforestation; Property rights; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53632

DETERMINANTES DA ADOÇÃO DE SISTEMAS DE USO DA TERRA EM PÓLOS DE PRODUÇÃO AGROPECUÁRIA NO ESTADO DO ACRE, AMAZÔNIA BRASILEIRA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Santos,   Jair Carvalho Dos; Braga,   Marcelo Jose; Homma,   Alfredo Kingo Oyama.
A expansão da agricultura e da pecuária tem sido considerada como a principal causa do desmatamento que se processa na Amazônia. A decisão de escolha do sistema de uso da terra é um elemento determinante dos níveis de desmatamento e fatores relacionados às características da família e Ao ambiente socioeconômico antecedem as decisões de adoção desses sistemas. O objetivo desse estudo foi identificar os condicionantes da adoção dos diferentes sistemas de uso da terra nos principais pólos de produção agropecuária familiar no estado do Acre. Utilizou-se o modelo econométrico SUR nessa avaliação. Os resultados mostram que direito de propriedade, contratação de mão-de-obra e origem do produtor na região norte do Brasil favorecem a adoção dos sistemas agrícolas...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Sistema de produção; Agricultura familiar; SUR; Crédito agrícola; Desmatamento; Farm system; Household agriculture; Amazon; SUR; Land tenure; Deforestation; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/112689

Land Conversion Pace under Uncertainty and Irreversibility: too fast or too slow?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Di Corato,   Luca; Moretto,   Michele; Vergalli,   Sergio.
In this paper stochastic dynamic programming is used to investigate land conversion decisions taken by a multitude of landholders under uncertainty about the value of environmental services and irreversible development. We study land conversion under competition on the market for agricultural products when voluntary and mandatory measures are combined by the Government to induce adequate participation in a conservation plan. We study the impact of uncertainty on the optimal conversion policy and discuss conversion dynamics under different policy scenarios on the basis of the relative long-run expected rate of deforestation. Interestingly, we show that uncertainty, even if it induces conversion postponement in the short-run, increases the average rate of...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Optimal Stopping; Deforestation; Payments for Environmental Services; Natural Resources Management; Risk and Uncertainty; C61; D81; Q24; Q58.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119107

Bigger is Better: Avoided Deforestation Offsets in the Face of Adverse Selection
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: van Benthem,   Arthur A.; Kerr,   Suzi.
Voluntary opt-in programs to reduce emissions in unregulated sectors or countries have spurred considerable discussion. Since any regulator will make errors in predicting baselines and participants will self-select into the program, adverse selection will reduce efficiency and possibly environmental integrity. In contrast, pure subsidies lead to full participation but require large financial transfers. We present a simple model to analyze this trade-off between adverse selection and infra-marginal transfers. We find that increasing the scale of voluntary programs both improves efficiency and reduces transfers. We show that discounting (paying less than full value for offsets) is inefficient and cannot be used to reduce the fraction of offsets that are...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; Deforestation; Offsets; Adverse selection; REDD; Climate change policy; Opt-in.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100569

Determinantes do desmatamento em pequenas propriedades na Amazônia: um estudo de caso em Uruará - PA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pereira,   Ritaumaria de J.; Vieira,   Wilson da Cruz; Lima,   Joao Eustaquio de; Caldas,   Marcellus Marques.
The main objective of this paper was to analyse the factors that influence deforestation in small rural farms of a colonization area in Brazil’s Amazon Region. It was used data from 138 small farms distribuited over the transamazonic road in the municipality of Uruará, PA. The data was collected during july and august of 2002. A Tobit model with sample selectivity with etimation in two stages (Heckman) was used. In the first stage, the probability of deforestation was explained mainly by the presence of cattle in the farm. In the second stage, the deforestation area was modeled as a function of various factors. The results showed that the main determinants of deforestation are the amount paid for lired labor, the distance from the main road, the number of...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Brasilian Amazon; Deforestation; Colonization; Tobit model; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56790

Economic Incentives for Entry and Exit in Gum Arabic Agroforestry System in Sudan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rahim,   Afaf H.; van Ierland,   Ekko C.; Wesseler,   Justus.
The gum tree (Acacia senegal) in the Sahel-Sudan zone has many environmental benign functions. An important function is to control desertification. In this paper we analyze farmers' economic incentives to preserve the existing gum trees and their incentives to create new plantations using a real options approach. Results indicate that agricultural crops provide higher economic benefits as compared to gum agroforestry system. However, on the one hand, as gum arabic is produced during the dry period and land is abundant, there are low incentives for deforestation. Instead, farmers' tend to leave the land idle and let the tree growing. On the other hand, our results suggest that an increase in the prices of gum arabic of about 330 per cent is needed to induce...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Gum arabic; Deforestation; Entry and exit; Real options; Sudan; Crop Production/Industries; D4; N5; O13; Q12; Q23.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25720

Cattle Accumulation and Land Use Intensification by Households in the Brazilian Amazon
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Caviglia-Harris,   Jill L.
In developing countries across the globe the impact of livestock on deforestation levels has been profound. This paper explores the role of the cattle industry in household decision making for small landholders in the Brazilian Amazon. Important inquiries raised in the literature are addressed, including the determinants of the co-evolution of deforestation and cattle herds, the possibility of production specialization, and the role of cattle in household livelihoods. Panel data suggest that households have changed focus from crop  introduction to cattle. Empirical models reveal that location, wealth, and education are among the important determinants of production decisions and cattle accumulation. Policy recommendations include a focus on the cattle...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Latin America; Brazil; Household production; Land use; Cattle; Deforestation; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10233

Desenvolvimento econômico e Desmatamento na Amazônia Legal: Uma Análise Econométrica
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gomes,   Sergio Castro; Braga,   Marcelo Jose.
O objetivo deste trabalho é testar empiricamente a hipótese ambiental de Kuznets aplicada ao relacionamento entre a taxa de desmatamento e a renda per capita nos estados da Amazônia Legal, além analisar o comportamento da taxa de desmatamento e da dinâmica populacional no período de 1990-2004. O teste econométrico utilizado para avaliar a hipótese ambiental de Kuznets é baseado na estimação de dois modelos específicos de regressão, o primeiro representa uma função quadrática e o segundo uma função cúbica, em que a taxa de desmatamento é a variável explicada, e a renda per capita, a densidade demográfica e o ano são as explicativas. Na estimação dos parâmetros utilizou-se a modelagem de dados em painel para efeitos aleatórios. Os resultados mostram que para...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Desmatamento; Renda per capita; Dados de painel; Densidade demográfica; Deforestation; Per capita income; Environmental degradation; Population density; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103095

DEFORESTATION AND ASSET ACCUMULATION AMONG SMALL SCALE FARMERS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Takasaki,   Yoshito.
This paper explores deforestation and asset accumulation among small scale farmers in tropical forests.  In a two-state variable control model, forest clearing is an investment in land holdings and the productivity of forest clearing is a function of non-land assets like chainsaws.  Comparative static analyses demonstrate that: (1) the addition of non-land asset accumulation options may or may not change the impacts of policy measures on deforestation, depending on labor market conditions; and (2) discount rate decreases (through for example credit subsidies) offer the prospect of a win-win scenario-- forest protection and asset accumulation-- only when an active labor market exits.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Deforestation; Accumulation; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q12; O13.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21786

LAND REFORM AND DEFORESTATION IN THE BRAZILIAN AMAZONIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Araujo,   Claudio; Bonjean,   Catherine Araujo; Combes,   Jean Louis; Motel,   Pascal Combes; Reis,   Eustaquio Jose.
No processo de  reforma agrária brasileiro é comum a redistribuição de terra ocorrer por meio de invasões das grandes proprieades pelos sem terra. Esse mecanismo introduz insegurança no direito de propriedade fundiária e, na Regîão Amazônica, tem como consequência o excesso de desflorestamento. Esse trabalho utiliza   um jogo não-cooperativo para mostrar que   as interações estratégicas entre proprietários e posseiros em um contexto instittucional onde as  florestas naturais são consideradas como recursos de livre acesso implicam o excesso de desflorestamento. A principal implicação analítica  do modelo é que a taxa de desflorestamento de determinada área tende a aumentar com o  número de posseiros na área.  Essa implicação é confirmada quando testada em...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Reforma agrária; Desflorestamento; Insegurança dos direitos de propriedade; Econometria de painel; Land reform; Deforestation; Land tenure insecurity; Panel estimation; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108618

Water-resource and land-use issues
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Calder,   Ian R.
This paper reviews perceived notions of the relationships between catchment land use and hydrology and explores whether much of the widely disseminated folklore, so often inextricably linked with issues of land use, is based on myth or reality. Gaps in our knowledge of the underlying processes in relation to land use and hydrology are identified. Our ability to apply this knowledge at different scales ranging from the plot to the catchment and regional scales are discussed and specific examples are drawn from Indian and African case studies. Methods for linking spatially distributed land-use hydrological models with economics and ecology through decision support systems are outlined and proposed as a framework for the integrated management of land and...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Water resource management; Water use; Case studies; Catchment areas; Land use; Hydrology; Models; Evaporation; Soil moisture; Decision support tools; Runoff; Flow; Forestry; Deforestation; Erosion; Rain; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113610

Land Cover in a Managed Forest Ecosystem: Mexican Shade Coffee
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Blackman,   Allen; Albers,   Heidi J.; Sartorio,   Beatriz Avalos; Crooks,   Lisa.
Managed forest ecosystems-agroforestry systems in which crops such as coffee and bananas are planted side-by-side with woody perennials-are being touted as a means of safeguarding forests along with the ecological services they provide. Yet we know little about the determinants of land cover in such systems, information needed to design effective forest conservation policies. This paper presents a first-ever spatial regression analysis of land cover in a managed forest ecosystem-a shade coffee region of coastal Mexico. Using high-resolution land cover data derived from aerial photographs, along with data on the institutional, geophysical, socioeconomic, and agronomic characteristics of the study area, we find that plots in close proximity to urban centers...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Deforestation; Managed forest ecosystem; Agroforestry; Shade-grown coffee; Mexico; Spatial econometrics; Land cover; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; O13; Q15; Q23.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10493

Deforestation and Shade Coffee in Oaxaca, Mexico: Key Research Findings
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Blackman,   Allen; Albers,   Heidi J.; Avalos-Sartorio,   Beatriz; Crooks,   Lisa.
More than three-quarters of Mexico's coffee is grown on small plots shaded by the existing forest. Because they preserve forest cover, shade coffee farms provide vital ecological services including harboring biodiversity and preventing soil erosion. Unfortunately, tree cover in Mexico's shade coffee areas is increasingly being cleared to make way for subsistence agriculture, a direct result of the unprecedented decline of international coffee prices over the past decade. This paper summarizes the key findings of a three-year study of deforestation in Oaxaca, one of Mexico's prime regions for growing shade coffee. First, we find that deforestation during the 1990s was significant. Second, the loss of tree cover can likely be slowed by promoting...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Deforestation; Agroforestry; Shade-grown coffee; Mexico; Land cover; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; O13; Q15; Q23.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10799

Forest Conservation and Slippage: Evidence from Mexico's National Payments for Ecosystem Services Program
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alix-Garcia,   Jennifer Marie; Shapiro,   Elizabeth N.; Sims,   Katharine R.E.
Incentive-based programs to reduce deforestation are expected to play an increasingly important role in global efforts to protect ecosystems and sequester carbon but their environmental effectiveness is not clear. We investigate program effectiveness and slippage in the context of Mexico's national payments for hydrological services program, which pays private and communal landowners to maintain forest cover on enrolled lands. To measure program impacts, we use matched controls drawn from the program applicant pool to establish counterfactual deforestation rates in the absence of payments. We find statistically significant but small to moderate avoided deforestation impacts. To examine slippage of deforestation to nonenrolled lands, we develop a model of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Payments for environmental services; Payments for ecosystem services; Program evaluation; Slippage; Leakage; Incentive-based mechanisms; Mexico; Land use; Deforestation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q12; Q24; Q57; R14; O13.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93045

CERTIFICATION SCHEMES FOR BIOFUEL SUSTAINABILITY WILL NOT WORK
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ogg,   Clayton W.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Biofuel; Certification; Sustainability; Deforestation; Food Prices; Ethanol; Biodiesel; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; O13.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120004

ON- AND OFF-FARM LABOR DECISIONS BY SLASH-AND-BURN FARMERS IN YUCATAN (MEXICO)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pascual,   Unai; Barbier,   Edward B.
The availability of basic assets influences peasants’ economic behavior, their livelihood diversification strategies and their responses to land degradation. In addition, when pressed by economic hardships households can also expected to work more than better off ones. Whether this implies more or less on- or off-farm labor supply is an empirical question. This in turn can have an asymmetric effect on poverty traps and the extent of forest clearing under slash-and-burn farming. This paper examines the determinants of labor allocation among forest based shifting cultivating households in two communities from Yucatan (Mexico). The effects of wage rates and structural socio-economic factors are tested for both farming household heads and other family members...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Deforestation; Shifting cultivation; Livelihood diversification; Off-farm labor supply; Mexico; Consumer/Household Economics; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31926

Deforestation in Sub- Sahara Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Diarrassouba,   Malick; Boubacar,   Inoussa.
According to FAO (2005) about 13 million hectares of the word’s forest are lost due to deforestation. Naoto (2006) found Africa to lead the list of countries with the highest rate of deforestation. This worrisome situation is further aggravated by the possible negative impacts of climate change due to an increase in the mean global temperature. Evidence supports that Africa is most likely to suffer the most the devastating impacts of natural calamities such as droughts and floods. This paper sought to evaluate the causes of deforestation in 27 Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. Our model uses annual data spanning from 1990 to 2004. Trade and urban population tend to be associated with a decline in deforestation. On the other hand, we found strong...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Deforestation; Sub-Saharan Africa; Development.; International Development; Q23; N 57.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46799

Environmental impact of the Brazilian Agrarian Reform process from 1985 to 2001
Provedor de dados: 63
Autores: van de Steeg,Jeannette Antoinette; Sparovek,Gerd; Ranieri,Simone Beatriz Lima; Maule,Rodrigo Fernando; Cooper,Miguel; Dourado Neto,Durval; Alves,Marcelo Corrêa.
During the past 20 years, most settlements of the Brazilian Agrarian Reform (AR) have been established in or near better-preserved natural ecosystems, where environmental impact is likely to be negative and contribute to natural resources degradation. The objective of this work is providing a first, comprehensive insight of the impacts related to the environmental quality of these settlements, based on the primary survey of 4,340 AR settlements installed between 1985 and 2001. An index was calculated to integrate different aspects of environmental impacts in one single number. The index showed significant regional variation, with lower values (low environmental quality) for the North and Northeast of Brazil, intermediate values for the Central-west and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/report
Palavras-chave: Brazil; Deforestation; Environmental index.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162006000200010

EFFECT OF FALLOW LAND, CULTIVATED PASTURE AND ABANDONED PASTURE ON SOIL FERTILITY IN TWO DEFORESTED AMAZONIAN REGIONS
Provedor de dados: 63
Autores: DIEZ,J.A; POLO,A; DIAZ-BURGOS,M.A; CERRI,C.C; FEIGL,B.J; PICCOLO,M.C.
The effect of two practices adopted by settlers (abandoned pasture and fallow land) on soil fertility of two deforested Amazonian regions (Belém-Pará and Ariquemes-Rondônia) was studied. Whenever possible, cultivated pasture, over similar time periods in both cases and in natural forest, were employed as soil fertility reference standards. Nutrient dynamics was studied using the electroultra-filtration technique. In general, deforestation, as practiced in these areas, has a degrading effect on soil fertility. The effect of burning normally leads to a pH rise caused by ash. This usually yields a favorable transitory effect, improving soil fertility conditions, however not sufficient for plant needs, as inferred from the low P and K levels. Cattle...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Deforestation; Fallow land; Abandoned pasture.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90161997000100007

Family composition of Muscoidea communities in adjacent areas of secondary tropical forest and pasture field in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 104
Autores: Caldas,Astrid; Almeida,Josimar Ribeiro de; A'Almeida,José Mario.
The Muscoidea community of two adjacent areas was sampled. For eight months one area was of secondary tropical forest and the other was an open field used for cattle grazing. The main purpose of the study was to investigate if there would be any differences in abundance, family diversity, community composition and bait attractiveness. Results suggest that the change in the environment resulted in a reduction of overall abundance, but not a reduced diversity in terms of families. None of the families was led to a marked decrease or increase, as might be expected in a disturbed environment. The changes observed in the community composition were not significant for the distribution and abundance rank of the families within that community. The environmental...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Muscoidea community; Abundance; Bait attractiveness; Deforestation; Diversity.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-81751999000300027

Efeito da alteração ambiental sobre comunidades de Odonata em riachos de Mata Atlântica de Minas Gerais, Brasil
Provedor de dados: 104
Autores: Ferreira-Peruquetti,Patrícia Santos; Marco Jr.,Paulo De.
The effect of riparian deforestation and stream impoundments on an odonate community was studied in áreas of surviving Atlantic forest in Viçosa and in Rio Doce State Park (PERD), Marliéria, Minas Gerais, Brazil. During 1997 16 species of Libellulidae, 4 Coenagrionidae, 2 Gomphidae, 2 Calopterygidae, 1 Megapodagrionidae, 1 Aeshnidae and 3 Protoneuridae were collected. In Viçosa, the association of sampled odonates with lotic or lentic systems, and in PERD for areas with or without riparian vegetation were compared. The results suggest that although overall odonate taxonomic richness is high in areas without riparian vegetation. Likely, because productivity increase of such areas and its invasion by lentic Odonata species.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Odonata community; Deforestation; Atlantic Forest; Environmental degradation; Riparian vegetation.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-81752002000200002

Global warming in Amazonia: impacts and Mitigation
Provedor de dados: 36
Autores: Fearnside,Philip Martin.
Global warming has potentially catastrophic impacts in Amazonia, while at the same time maintenance of the Amazon forest offers one of the most valuable and cost-effective options for mitigating climate change. We know that the El Niño phenomenon, caused by temperature oscillations of surface water in the Pacific, has serious impacts in Amazonia, causing droughts and forest fires (as in 1997-1998). Temperature oscillations in the Atlantic also provoke severe droughts (as in 2005). We also know that Amazonian trees die both from fires and from water stress under hot, dry conditions. In addition, water recycled through the forest provides rainfall that maintains climatic conditions appropriate for tropical forest, especially in the dry season. What we need...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Carbon; Climate change; Deforestation; Environmental services; Global warming; Greenhouse effect.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672009000400030

Multi-temporal analysis of radiometric changes in satellite images of forest edges to infer selective-logging areas in the Amazon forest
Provedor de dados: 36
Autores: GRAÇA,Paulo Maurício Lima de Alencastro; MALDONADO,Francisco Dario; SANTOS,João Roberto dos; KEIZER,Edwin Willem Hermanus.
Radiometric changes observed in multi-temporal optical satellite images have an important role in efforts to characterize selective-logging areas. The aim of this study was to analyze the multi-temporal behavior of spectral-mixture responses in satellite images in simulated selective-logging areas in the Amazon forest, considering red/near-infrared spectral relationships. Forest edges were used to infer the selective-logging infrastructure using differently oriented edges in the transition between forest and deforested areas in satellite images. TM/Landsat-5 images acquired at three dates with different solar-illumination geometries were used in this analysis. The method assumed that the radiometric responses between forest with selective-logging effects...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Timber exploitation; Deforestation; Remote sensing; Forest monitoring.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672015000100035

Population and development in the Amazon: A longitudinal study of migrant settlers in the Northern Ecuadorian Amazon
Provedor de dados: 36
Autores: SELLERS,Samuel; BILSBORROW,Richard; SALINAS,Victoria; MENA,Carlos.
ABSTRACT This paper examines changes over time for a full generation of migrant settlers in the Northern Ecuadorian Amazon (NEA). Data were collected from a 2014 household survey covering a subsample of households surveyed previously in 1990 and 1999. We observed changes in demographic behavior, land use, forest cover, and living conditions. As the frontier develops, human fertility is continuing to decline with contraceptive prevalence rising. Meanwhile, out-migration from colonist households, largely to destinations within the region, persists. More households have secure land tenure than in 1999, and are better off as measured by possession of assets. There is continued growth in pasture, largely at the expense of forest. Farms still serve as an...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Family planning; Deforestation; Livelihoods; Migration.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672017000400321

Forest biomass and wood consumption In the lower course of the Amazon: a case study of rhe Urubueua Island
Provedor de dados: 36
Autores: TSUCHIYA,Akio; HIRAOKA,Mario.
Várzea and terra-firme forests in the lower course of the Amazon were compared in terms of forest structure, wood volume increments and forest biomass. The wood volume of várzea forests was smaller than that of terra-firme forests, particularly when severe human intervention such as the cultivation of açaí palm occurred. The difference was even greater in the forest weight comparison because of the lower wood density of várzea trees. These trees are not directly influenced by water stress during the dry season, while late wood with a high density is formed in the terra-firme trees. The annual forest disappearance area due to firewood for tile factories was estimated to be about 276 ha on the island investigated, which had an area of 36,200 ha. Assuming...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Açaí (Euterpe oleracea); Amazon estuary; Deforestation; Firewood; Terra-firme; Tile factory; Várzea; Açaí (Euterpe oleracea); Amazon estuary; Deforestation; Firewood; Terra-firme; Tile factory; Várzea.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59671999000100079

Spatial and temporal evolution of family-farming land use in the Tapajós region of the Brazilian Amazon
Provedor de dados: 36
Autores: ROZON,Christine; LUCOTTE,Marc; DAVIDSON,Robert; PAQUET,Serge; OESTREICHER,Jordan Sky; MERTENS,Frédéric; PASSOS,Carlos José SOUSA; ROMANA,Christine.
Pressures on the Brazilian Amazon forest have been accentuated by agricultural activities practiced by families encouraged to settle in this region in the 1970s by the colonization program of the government. The aims of this study were to analyze the temporal and spatial evolution of land cover and land use (LCLU) in the lower Tapajós region, in the state of Pará. We contrast 11 watersheds that are generally representative of the colonization dynamics in the region. For this purpose, Landsat satellite images from three different years, 1986, 2001, and 2009, were analyzed with Geographic Information Systems. Individual images were subject to an unsupervised classification using the Maximum Likelihood Classification algorithm available on GRASS. The classes...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Deforestation; Watershed scale; Landsat Satellite Images; Cities; Roads.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672015000200203

The impacts of land use changes in the mercury flux in the Madeira River, Western Amazon
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: Lacerda,Luiz D.; Bastos,Wanderley R.; Almeida,Marcelo D.
Changes in hydrochemistry and Hg distribution in the Madeira River from Porto Velho to the confluence with the Amazon River were studied in two cruises in 1997 and 2002. Water conductivity was similar in both periods, but the pH was significantly higher in 2002, in particular along the middle reaches of the river. Total suspended matter concentrations also increased from 1997 to 2002 along the same river portion, which is a result of forest conversion to other land uses, in particular pastures and agriculture accelerated during the interval between the cruises. Dissolved Hg concentrations were similar along the river in both cruises, but particulate Hg concentrations increased significantly along the middle portion of the river, although the suspended...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Deforestation; Mercury; Hydrochemistry; Contamination; Amazon.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652012000100007

Beyond diversity loss and climate change: Impacts of Amazon deforestation on infectious diseases and public health
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: ELLWANGER,JOEL HENRIQUE; KULMANN-LEAL,BRUNA; KAMINSKI,VALÉRIA L.; VALVERDE-VILLEGAS,JACQUELINE MARÍA; VEIGA,ANA BEATRIZ G. DA; SPILKI,FERNANDO R.; FEARNSIDE,PHILIP M.; CAESAR,LÍLIAN; GIATTI,LEANDRO LUIZ; WALLAU,GABRIEL L.; ALMEIDA,SABRINA E.M.; BORBA,MAURO R.; HORA,VANUSA P. DA; CHIES,JOSÉ ARTUR B.
Abstract  Amazonian biodiversity is increasingly threatened due to the weakening of policies for combating deforestation, especially in Brazil. Loss of animal and plant species, many not yet known to science, is just one among many negative consequences of Amazon deforestation. Deforestation affects indigenous communities, riverside as well as urban populations, and even planetary health. Amazonia has a prominent role in regulating the Earth’s climate, with forest loss contributing to rising regional and global temperatures and intensification of extreme weather events. These climatic conditions are important drivers of emerging infectious diseases, and activities associated with deforestation contribute to the spread of disease vectors. This review...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Amazon rainforest; Biodiversity; Emerging infectious disease; Deforestation; Pathogens; Public health.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652020000100724

Land use drives change in amazonian tree species
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: VIEIRA,IMA CÉLIA G.
Abstract: The Amazonian rainforest has been subjected to exceptionally high rates of land use change (LUC), primarily for pasture. We present here an analysis of the impact of LUC on trees from studies made in Pará state. LUC results in drastic declines in native species richness, changes species composition and impacts community resilience and ecosystem services provided by the Amazonian rainforest. Given that secondary forests are expanding in Amazonia we argue that this regrowth forest should be taken into account when planning conservation in this region.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Amazon region; Biodiversity; Deforestation; Land use.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652019000600610

Biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) from an urban forest fragment in Central Amazon (Brazil): Effects of opening areas on abundance, richness, and composition
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: DOURADO,EDUARDA D.R.; FERREIRA-KEPPLER,RUTH L.; MARTINS,RENATO T.; RONDEROS,MARIA M.
ABSTRACT We assessed the immature stages of Ceratopogonidae (Diptera) in artificial containers in an urban forest fragment in Manaus (Brazil), including their behavioral, biological and ecological information. In addition, we evaluated the effects of deforestation in an open and forested area on Ceratopogonidae communities. Immatures were sampled between August 2012 and July 2014 in artificial containers installed in both habitat types. We collected 685 immatures of seven morpho-species of Bezzia Kieffer, Culicoides Latreille, Dasyhelea Kieffer, Forcipomyia Meigen, and Palpomyia Meigen. In the open area, we recorded higher temperature and electrical conductivity values than in the forested area; however, these variables did not differ between seasons....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Amazonia; Aquatic insects; Artificial containers; Deforestation.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652017000602757

Food consumption as an indicator of the conservation of natural resources in riverine communities of the Brazilian Amazon
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: ISAAC,VICTORIA J.; ALMEIDA,MORGANA C.; GIARRIZZO,TOMMASO; DEUS,CLAUDIA P.; VALE,ROZEILZA; KLEIN,GILMAR; BEGOSSI,ALPINA.
ABSTRACT The present study analyzed and compared the daily consumption of foods of animal origin in eleven communities of the Lower Amazon, Trombetas and Purus Rivers, representing three different management systems and levels of conservation in the Brazilian Amazon. All food items of animal origin were weighed by at least 10% of the families in the study communities during a week in each period of the flood cycle between 2006 and 2008. Fish was the most important food, and was consumed during six days of the week, with an average rate of 169 kg.person-1.year-1. Game was second in importance, with 37 kg.person-1.year-1. This yearly rate of fish consumption is one of the highest in the world and is almost double the minimum recommended by the World Health...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Fish; Game meat; Management; Deforestation.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652015000502229

Estimating of gross primary production in an Amazon-Cerrado transitional forest using MODIS and Landsat imagery
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: DANELICHEN,VICTOR H.M.; BIUDES,MARCELO S.; VELASQUE,MAÍSA C.S.; MACHADO,NADJA G.; GOMES,RAPHAEL S.R.; VOURLITIS,GEORGE L.; NOGUEIRA,JOSÉ S.
The acceleration of the anthropogenic activity has increased the atmospheric carbon concentration, which causes changes in regional climate. The Gross Primary Production (GPP) is an important variable in the global carbon cycle studies, since it defines the atmospheric carbon extraction rate from terrestrial ecosystems. The objective of this study was to estimate the GPP of the Amazon-Cerrado Transitional Forest by the Vegetation Photosynthesis Model (VPM) using local meteorological data and remote sensing data from MODIS and Landsat 5 TM reflectance from 2005 to 2008. The GPP was estimated using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) calculated by MODIS and Landsat 5 TM images. The GPP estimates were compared...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Amazon Basin; Cerrado; Carbon cycle; Climate change; Deforestation; Ecosystem function.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652015000401545

Amazon Forest maintenance as a source of environmental services
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: Fearnside,Philip M.
Amazonian forest produces environmental services such as maintenance of biodiversity, water cycling and carbon stocks. These services have a much greater value to human society than do the timber, beef and other products that are obtained by destroying the forest. Yet institutional mechanisms are still lacking to transform the value of the standing forest into the foundation of an economy based on maintaining rather than destroying this ecosystem. Forest management for commodities such as timber and non-timber forest products faces severe limitations and inherent contradictions unless income is supplemented based on environmenta lservices. Amazon forest is threatened by deforestation, logging, forest fires and climate change. Measures to avoid...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Amazonia; Avoided deforestation; Brazil; Carbon; Deforestation; Global warming; Greenhouse effect; Rainforest.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652008000100006

Modeling the impact of net primary production dynamics on post-disturbance Amazon savannization
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: SENNA,MÔNICA C.A.; COSTA,MARCOS H.; DAVIDSON,ERIC A.; NOBRE,CARLOS A.
Amazon tropical forests are being replaced by pasturelands and croplands, but they sometimes revert to regrowth forest when abandoned after a period of agricultural use. Research suggests that this secondary regrowth is limited by climate and nutrient availability and, using a coupled biosphere-atmosphere model, we investigated patterns in the regrowth of the Amazon rainforest after a full deforestation event, considering different types of nutrient stress. We found that, over a 50 year regrowth period, the reduction of precipitation caused by large-scale deforestation was not sufficient to prevent secondary forest regrowth, but this decrease in precipitation combined with nutrient limitation, due to logging and frequent fires, did indeed prevent forest...
Palavras-chave: Amazon; Climate; Deforestation; Ecosystem model; Net primary production; Savannization.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652014000200621

Stream fish from recently deforested basins in the Meridional Amazon, Mato Grosso, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 49
Autores: Casatti,Lilian; Brejão,Gabriel Lourenço; Carvalho,Fernando Rogério; Silva,Hugmar Pains da; Pérez-Mayorga,María Angélica; Manzotti,Angelo Rodrigo; Zeni,Jaquelini de Oliveira; Ramires,Bruno Martins Santos; Langeani,Francisco.
Abstract: The replacement of tropical forests to production systems is one of the leading causes of riverine ecosystem alterations. However, current assemblages’ composition may also result from the time since these transformations have begun. Therefore, the knowledge of diversified historical scenarios can facilitate the accomplishment of actions that involve the aquatic environments recovery. In this study, an inventory of stream fish was carried out in basins whose deforestation was intensified in the last 20 years, to compose a baseline for ecological and taxonomic studies. The habitat, physical and chemical variables, and the fish assemblages from 60 streams in the northwest region of the state of Mato Grosso, in the Aripuanã and Juruena river basins,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Inventory; Neotropical ichthyofauna; Deforestation; Baseline; Characidae.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032020000100309

Planting coconuts in Indian villages: ethnoecological aspects and evaluation of a "sustainable development" project
Provedor de dados: 49
Autores: Salm,Rodolfo; Feder,Lisa; Jalles-Filho,Euphly; Jardim,Mario Augusto Gonçalves.
Although scientists and policy makers embrace the general concept "sustainable development", there are few who agree on how to carry out sustainable development in specific situations. As such, sustainable development projects among ethnoscientists are widely critiqued as to how well they are inter-culturally formulated. Here we report on a controversial case of planting coconuts in Kayapó Indian villages of southern Pará, Brazil and offer our own self-critique. We began under the premise that reforestation and Kayapó general health/nutrition go hand in hand. Therefore, the flourishing of coconut culture will contribute to forest conservation in the long run, in itself, and simultaneously, maintain good nutrition for the Kayapó people who protect the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Coconuts; Deforestation; Economy; Indians; Palm; Seed dispersal; Tropical Forest.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032010000100014

Going extinct before being discovered? New lichen fungi from a small fragment of the vanishing Atlantic Rainforest in Brazil
Provedor de dados: 49
Autores: Pereira,Thamires Almeida; Passos,Paula de Oliveira; Santos,Lidiane Alves dos; Lücking,Robert; Cáceres,Marcela Eugenia Da Silva.
Abstract In the frame of an ongoing lichen inventory of Atlantic Rainforest remnants in Northeast Brazil, five new species of Graphidaceae were discovered in a small forest fragment, Mata do Cipó, in Sergipe state, the smallest state of Brazil and among those with the highest deforestation rate in the country. An additional new species had already been collected in Panama before and was now also found in the Mata do Cipó and is described here as well. In total, 40 species of Graphidaceae are reported for this remnant, including a large number of taxa indicative of well-preserved rainforest. The new species are: Fissurina atlantica T.A. Pereira, M. Cáceres &amp; Lücking, sp. nov., Graphis subaltamirensis Passos, M. Cáceres &amp; Lücking, sp. nov.,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Deforestation; Fragmentation; Lichen diversity; Graphidaceae; Refugia; Sergipe.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032018000100212

Qualitative and quantitative analysis of environmental damages through instauration and registers of lawful documents
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Cintra,Roberta Hehl de Sylos; Santos,José Eduardo dos; Moschini,Luiz Eduardo; Pires,José Salatiel Rodrigues; Henke-Oliveira,Carlos.
A qualitative and quantitative analysis of the environmental damages occurrences was conducted through the lawful documents established for charging at the State Prosecution Service of São Carlos city, State of São Paulo, during 1991 - 2000, to understand the relationship between environmental problems and the current development actions. The environmental damage identified were grouped into nine classes, where deforestation was prevailing in each year along the period of study. Of the total number of deforestation occurrences, 180 was related to areas smaller than 5 ha. It corresponded to 110.35 ha of the total deforested area. The other 37 were associated with areas higher than 5 ha, equivalent to 1,013.27 ha. The registers of environmental damages in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Environmental damages; Deforestation; Lawful documents.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132006000700017

Potencial for natural forest regeneration from seed bank in an upper Paraná river floodplain, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Campos,João Batista; Souza,Maria Conceição de.
The historical process of deforestation was analyzed to evaluate the regeneration potential of forests from soil seed bank of Porto Rico island (53° 15'W and 22° 45'S) in the upper Paraná river floodplain. Remnant forest fragments were identified and measured and the structure of arboreous vegetation and the composition of the seed bank of the forests and grassland of the island were evaluated. Results showed a fast process of deforestation with critical levels of forest: the remaining twice fragments represented only 5.98% of the total surface of the island. Disturbance by cattle raised on the island continuously degraded the fragments (backward succession), while expansion of areas with pasture favored severe impoverishment of the seed banks flora. The...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Deforestation; Alluvial forest; Floodplain; Paraná river; Brazil.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132003000400018

Current and potential distribution areas for Nothofagus alessandrii, an endangeredtree species from central Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Santelices,Rómulo; Drake,Fernando; Mena,Carlos; Ordenes,Rodrigo; Navarro-Cerrillo,Rafael M.
Nothofagus alessandrii ("ruil") is an endangered species native to the Maule Coastal Forest of central Chile. Previous studies have demonstrated that the current distribution of this species and rates of deforestation and fragmentation present a serious threat to the species. To address this threat, spatial and temporal variation in remnant "ruil" forest cover was analyzed for the period from 1991 to 2008. Using aerial photography and geomatic tools, the state of "ruil" forests cover in 1991 was compared to the "ruil" forests cover in 2008 and with this information, the potential distribution area of this species was calculated. The results demonstrate that the current area of "ruil" forest is approximately 314 ha, with a net loss of 42 ha (12% of the...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Deforestation; Forest tree; Nothofagus alessandrii; Potential distribution; Ruil; Spatial distribution.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000300011

Transportation costs, agricultural expansion and tropical deforestation: Theory and evidence from Peru
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Lucich,Iván M; Villena,Mauricio G; Quinteros,María José.
The growth of urban areas adjacent to forest areas, as well as international trade growth, has accelerated the demand for food. These areas of growth have led to the deforestation of tropical forests, a process that contributes negatively to climate change, and a decline in the provision of environmental services and biodiversity. This article seeks to propose and simulate a theoretical model of optimal control at the household level. This model is used to explain the dynamics of forest loss by expansion of the agricultural frontier. Under these conditions, based on tradable permanent crops, farmers decide whether to install new areas for cultivation or manage existing ones in a context of increasing transportation costs. We simulate a theoretical model...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Deforestation; Transportation costs; Peruvian Amazon.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202015000200003

The legal reserve: historical basis for the understanding and analysis of this instrument
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Santiago,Thaís Muniz Ottoni; Rezende,José Luiz Pereira de; Borges,Luís Antônio Coimbra.
ABSTRACT: The revisions made in the Forest Code (FC) in 2012 appear to have promoted the weakening of the legal reserve (LR), which after at least 80 years of development, had become established in the Brazilian legal system as an instrument of environmental conservation. This study investigated the possibility of disruption in the implementation of the LR and was developed using qualitative approaches, including bibliographical and documental analyses, to assess the historical construction and legal format of the instrument over time. It was concluded that the current Forest Code broke the trend of development of the LR as an instrument of environmental conservation that was promoted by previous codes and removed the conditions necessary for its...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Brazilian forest code; Environmental law; Deforestation.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782017000200301

CHANGE DETECTION IN BRAZILIAN SAVANNAS USING SEMIVARIOGRAMS DERIVED FROM NDVI IMAGES
Provedor de dados: 64
Autores: Acerbi Júnior,Fausto Weimar; Silveira,Eduarda Martiniano de Oliveira; Mello,José Márcio de; Mello,Carlos Rogério de; Scolforo,José Roberto Soares.
The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is often used to extract information from vegetated areas since it is directly related to vegetation parameters such as percent of ground cover, photosynthetic activity of the plant and leaf area index. The aim of this paper was to analyze the potencial of semivariograms generated from NDVI values to detect changes in vegetated areas, analyzing their behavior (shape) and derived metrics (range, sill and nugget). Semivariograms were generated from NDVI values derived from Landsat TM images of May 2010, June 2010 and July 2011. The study area is located in the northern state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, and is covered by Brazilian savannas vegetation, totalizing 1,596 ha. Semivariograms were generated after the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Deforestation; Geostatistics; Remote sensing.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-70542015000200103