Consulta: subjectFacets:"Governance"
Registros recuperados: 144
Data/hora: 11/06/2024 01:33:26

Innovación en la gestión de los recursos hídricos en Hidalgo
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Aguilar Miranda, Alejandro Alejo Pompilio.
Este trabajo se desarrolló en torno a la Gerencia Estatal en Hidalgo de la Comisión  Nacional del Agua, y es la instancia  responsable de la gestión de los recursos  hídricos en el Estado de Hidalgo en México.  El análisis parte de considerar que las construcciones intelectuales conocidas  como Gobernanza, Nueva Gestión Pública y Gestión Integrada de los Recursos  Hídricos han emplazado a la institución a transformarse a través de su  materialización en la reforma de su marco jurídico y programático, pero filtradas  por las reglas formales e informales de la organización.  La importancia del trabajo radica en redimensionar los esfuerzos de  transformación que emprende una organización. Aclara que los éxitos y los  fracasos no son una empresa racional que...
Tipo: Tesis
Palavras-chave: Gobernanza; Gestión pública; Gestión integrada de los recursos hídricos; Neoinstitucionalismo; Doctorado; Hidrociencias; Governance; Public Management; Integrated Management of the hydric resources; Neoinstitucionalism.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/1443

Adaptive Co-management Networks: a Comparative Analysis of Two Fishery Conservation Areas in Sweden
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Rova, Carl; Division of Social Science/Political Science Unit, Lule&amp;aring; University of Technology, Sweden; carl.rova@ltu.se.
Co-management constitutes a certain type of institutional arrangement that has gained increased attention among both policy makers and researchers involved in the field of natural resource management. Yet the concept of co-management is broad, and our knowledge about how different kinds of management structures affect the ability to deal with challenges pertinent to the commons is limited. One of these challenges is to foster an adaptive management process, i.e., a process in which rules are continuously revised and changed according to what is known about the ecological system. We aim to address the relationship between different kinds of co-management structures and adaptive management. To this end, we conducted a comparative case study of two Fishery...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptive management; Co-management; Governance; Natural resource management; Social networks; Social network analysis; SNA.
Ano: 2010

Water Governance in Mexico: Political and Economic Aperatures and a Shifting State-Citizen Relationship
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Wilder, Margaret; University of Arizona; mwilder@email.arizona.edu.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Ejidos; Governance; Irrigation districts; Mexico; River basin councils; Sonora; Water policy.
Ano: 2010

Aligning Key Concepts for Global Change Policy: Robustness, Resilience, and Sustainability
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Anderies, John M; Arizona State University; m.anderies@asu.edu; Folke, Carl; Beijer Institute for Ecological Economics; Stockholm Resilience Center, Stockholm University; carl.folke@beijer.kva.se; Walker, Brian; CSIRO Ecosystem Science; Brian.Walker@csiro.au; Ostrom, Elinor; Indiana University; ostrom@indiana.edu.
Globalization, the process by which local social-ecological systems (SESs) are becoming linked in a global network, presents policy scientists and practitioners with unique and difficult challenges. Although local SESs can be extremely complex, when they become more tightly linked in the global system, complexity increases very rapidly as multi-scale and multi-level processes become more important. Here, we argue that addressing these multi-scale and multi-level challenges requires a collection of theories and models. We suggest that the conceptual domains of sustainability, resilience, and robustness provide a sufficiently rich collection of theories and models, but overlapping definitions and confusion about how these conceptual domains articulate with...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Fragility; Global change; Governance; Institutions; Resilience; Robustness; Sustainability.
Ano: 2013

Review of the flood risk management system in Germany after the major flood in 2013
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Thieken, Annegret H.; University of Potsdam, Institute of Earth and Environmental Science, Potsdam, Germany; thieken@uni-potsdam.de; Kienzler, Sarah; University of Potsdam, Institute of Earth and Environmental Science, Potsdam, Germany; kienzler@uni-potsdam.de; Kreibich, Heidi; Helmholtz Centre Potsdam - GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Section 5.4 Hydrology, Potsdam, Germany; heidi.kreibich@gfz-potsdam.de; Kuhlicke, Christian; Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Urban and Environmental Sociology, Leipzig, Germany; christian.kuhlicke@ufz.de; Kunz, Michael; Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany; CEDIM - Center for Disaster Management and Risk Reduction Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany; michael.kunz@kit.edu; Otto, Antje; University of Potsdam, Institute of Earth and Environmental Science, Potsdam, Germany; anotto@uni-potsdam.de; Petrow, Theresia; University of Potsdam, Institute of Earth and Environmental Science, Potsdam, Germany; Helmholtz Centre Potsdam - GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Section 5.4 Hydrology, Potsdam, Germany; German Committee for Disaster Reduction (DKKV), Bonn, Germany; thpetrow@uni-potsdam.de; Pisi, Sebastian; German Committee for Disaster Reduction (DKKV), Bonn, Germany; sebastian.pisi@gmx.de.
Widespread flooding in June 2013 caused damage costs of &amp;#8364;6 to 8 billion in Germany, and awoke many memories of the floods in August 2002, which resulted in total damage of &amp;#8364;11.6 billion and hence was the most expensive natural hazard event in Germany up to now. The event of 2002 does, however, also mark a reorientation toward an integrated flood risk management system in Germany. Therefore, the flood of 2013 offered the opportunity to review how the measures that politics, administration, and civil society have implemented since 2002 helped to cope with the flood and what still needs to be done to achieve effective and more integrated flood risk management. The review highlights considerable improvements on many levels, in particular...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: August 2002 flood; Central Europe; Floods Directive; Governance; June 2013 flood; Risk management cycle.
Ano: 2016

Truths and governance for adaptive management
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Loftin, M. Kent; SynInt Inc.; CAMNet; kloftin@synint.com.
Managing large-scale water resources and ecosystem projects is a never ending job, and success should be measured in terms of achieving desired project performance and not just meeting prescriptive requirements of planning and constructing a project simply on time and within budget.  Success is more than studying, planning, designing, or operating projects.  It is developing the right plan, getting it implemented, and seeing that it is operated and performs properly.  Success requires all of these, and failing any of these results in wasted resources and potential for doing great harm.      Adaptive management can help make success possible by providing a means for solving the most complex problems, answering unanswered questions, and, in general, reducing...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Adaptive management; Ecosystem restoration; Governance; Implementation; Integrating risk and uncertainty; Performance; Project management; Resolutional sufficiency; Resolving uncertainties; Risk management; Stakeholders; Success; Uncertainty.
Ano: 2014

Factors Influencing Adaptive Marine Governance in a Developing Country Context: a Case Study of Southern Kenya
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Evans, Louisa S.; The School of International Development, University of East Anglia; louisa.evans@jcu.edu.au; Brown, Katrina; The School of International Development, University of East Anglia; k.brown@uea.ac.uk; Allison, Edward H.; The WorldFish Center; e.allison@cgiar.org.
Adaptive governance can be conceptualized as distinct phases of: 1) understanding environmental change; 2) using this understanding to inform decision making; and 3) acting on decisions in a manner that sustains resilience of desirable system states. Using this analytical framework, we explore governance in practice in two case studies in Kenya, that reflect the &amp;#8220;messiness&amp;#8221; of contemporary coastal governance in many developing country contexts. Findings suggest that adaptive marine governance is unlikely to be a smooth process of learning, knowledge sharing, and responding. There are institutional, sociocultural, and political factors, past and present, that influence each phase of both local and state decision making. New local...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Coral reefs; Coastal zone; Fisheries; Governance; Inclusion; Knowledge; Participation.
Ano: 2011

Biodiversity governance and social-ecological system dynamics: transformation in the Australian Alps
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Lockwood, Michael; Geography and Environmental Studies, School of Land &amp; Food, University of Tasmania; Michael.Lockwood@utas.edu.au; Mitchell, Michael; Geography and Environmental Studies, School of Land &amp; Food, University of Tasmania; Michael.Mitchell@utas.edu.au; Moore, Susan A.; School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University ; S.Moore@murdoch.edu.au; Clement, Sarah; School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University ; S.Clement@murdoch.edu.au.
Biodiversity conservation continues to be a challenging task for societies worldwide. We undertook a resilience assessment to address the following question: What are the ramifications of social-ecological system dynamics for biodiversity governance of a nationally significant landscape? Resilience assessment offers promise for guiding response strategies, potentially enabling consideration of ecological, social, economic, and governance influences on biodiversity-related activities. Most resilience assessments have, however, struggled to effectively incorporate governance influences. We applied a modified version of the Resilience Alliance workbook approach to explicitly address governance influences at each stage of an assessment of internationally...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptive cycle; Biodiversity; Climate change; Governance; Resilience assessment; Transformation.
Ano: 2014

Cumulative Effects Assessment: Linking Social, Ecological, and Governance Dimensions
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Weber, Marian; Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures; marian.weber@albertainnovates.ca; Krogman, Naomi; Department of Resource Economics and Environmental Sociology, University of Alberta; naomi.krogman@ualberta.ca; Antoniuk, Terry; Salmo Consulting Inc.; terry@salmoconsult.com.
Setting social, economic, and ecological objectives is ultimately a process of social choice informed by science.  In this special feature we provide a multidisciplinary framework for the use of cumulative effects assessment in land use planning. Forest ecosystems are facing considerable challenges driven by population growth and increasing demands for resources. In a suite of case studies that span the boreal forest of Western Canada to the interior Atlantic forest of Paraguay we show how transparent and defensible methods for scenario analysis can be applied in data-limited regions and how social dimensions of land use change can be incorporated in these methods, particularly in aboriginal communities that have lived in these ecosystems for generations....
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed article
Palavras-chave: Cumulative effects; Forest ecosystems; Governance; Scenario models; Social indicators.
Ano: 2012

Seeking our shared wisdom: a framework for understanding knowledge coproduction and coproductive capacities
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Schuttenberg, H. Z.; School of Biological Sciences and Centre for Sustainable International Development, University of Aberdeen, UK; currently with the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), E3 Bureau, Office of Forestry and Biodiversity; Heidi.Schuttenberg@gmail.com; Guth, Heidi K.; Kai Ho&amp;#699;oulu LLLC and Polynesian Voyaging Society; HeidiKai@gmail.com.
The widespread disconnect between scientific projections of climate change and the implementation of responsive management actions has escalated calls for knowledge production processes able to exercise a stronger voice in decision making. Recently, the concept of coproduction has been championed as a potential answer. The term &amp;#8216;knowledge coproduction&amp;#8217; is used loosely in the literature to describe an inclusive, iterative approach to creating new information; it is distinguished by its focus on facilitating interactions between stakeholders to develop an integrated or transformational understanding of a sustainability problem. Whether a coproduction process is successful in this integration of science and policy depends on a range of...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Coproduction; Coral reef management; Governance; Traditional ecological knowledge.
Ano: 2015

Migrations Between Villages: Incidents or Significant Drivers of Swidden Agriculture Changes?
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Couvet, Denis; UMR 7204 MNHN-CNRS-UPMC; couvet@mnhn.fr.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Response
Palavras-chave: Governance; Migration; Reciprocity; Resilience.
Ano: 2012

People, Power, and the Coast: a Conceptual Framework for Understanding and Implementing Benefit Sharing
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Wynberg, Rachel; Environmental Evaluation Unit, Department of Environmental and Geographical Science, University of Cape Town; rachel.wynberg@uct.ac.za; Hauck, Maria; Environmental Evaluation Unit, Department of Environmental and Geographical Science, University of Cape Town; MHauck4@gmail.com.
The concept of benefit sharing has seen growing adoption in recent years by a variety of sectors. However, its conceptual underpinnings, definitions, and framework remain poorly articulated and developed. We aim to help address this gap by presenting a new conceptual approach for enhancing understanding about benefit sharing and its implementation. We use the coast as a lens through which the analysis is framed because of the intricate governance challenges which coastal social&amp;#8211;ecological systems present, the increasing development and exploitation pressures on these systems, and the growing need to improve understanding about the way in which greater equity and reduced inequalities could reduce conflicts, protect coastal ecosystems, and ensure...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Coastal communities; Governance; Inequality; Power.
Ano: 2014

Intelligent Tinkering: the Endangered Species Act and Resilience
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Benson, Melinda Harm; University of New Mexico; mhbenson@unm.edu.
The Endangered Species Act (ESA) is one of the most powerful and controversial environmental laws in the United States.  As a result of its uncompromising position against biodiversity loss, the ESA has become the primary driver of many ecological restoration efforts in the United States. This article explains why the ESA has become the impetus for so many of these efforts and assesses the strengths and weaknesses of the ESA as a primary driver from a resilience-based perspective.  It argues that in order to accommodate resilience theory, several changes to ESA implementation and enforcement should be made. First and foremost, there is a need to shift management strategies from a species-centered to a systems-based approach. Chief among the shifts required...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed article
Palavras-chave: Endangered Species Act; Governance; Resilience; Social-ecological systems.
Ano: 2012

Powerless Spectators, Coping Actors, and Adaptive Co-managers: a Synthesis of the Role of Communities in Ecosystem Management
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Fabricius, Christo; Rhodes University, South Africa; christo.fabricius@gmail.com; Folke, Carl; Stockholm University; calle@ecology.su.se; Cundill, Georgina; Rhodes University, South Africa; g.cundill@ru.ac.za; Schultz, Lisen; Stockholm University; lisen@ecology.su.se.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Adaptive co-management; Community-based ecosystem management; Governance; Livelihoods; Millennium Ecosystem Assessment.
Ano: 2007

A systemic framework for context-based decision making in natural resource management: reflections on an integrative assessment of water and livelihood security outcomes following policy reform in South Africa
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Pollard, Sharon; The Association for Water and Rural Development; sharon@award.org.za; Biggs, Harry; SANParks; Harry.Biggs@sanparks.org; Du Toit, Derick R; The Association for Water and Rural Development; derick@award.org.za.
We aimed to contribute to the field of natural resource management (NRM) by introducing an alternative systemic context-based framework for planning, research, and decision making, which we expressed practically in the development of a decision-making &amp;#8220;tool&amp;#8221; or method. This holistic framework was developed in the process of studying a specific catchment area, i.e., the Sand River Catchment, but we have proposed that it can be generalized to studying the complexities of other catchment areas. Using the lens of systemic resilience to think about dynamic and complex environments differently, we have reflected on the development of a systemic framework for understanding water and livelihood security under transformation in postapartheid...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Complexity; Decision making; Dynamic; Governance; IWRM; Livelihood security; Resilience; SES; Social-ecological systems; Transdisciplinarity; Transformation.
Ano: 2014

The Neglect of Governance in Forest Sector Vulnerability Assessments:  Structural-Functionalism and &amp;#8220;Black Box&amp;#8221; Problems in Climate Change Adaptation Planning
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Wellstead, Adam M.; Michigan Technological University; awellste@mtu.edu; Howlett, Michael; Simon Fraser University; Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy, National University of Singapore; howlett@sfu.ca; Rayner, Jeremy; University of Saskatchewan; jeremy.rayner@usask.ca.
Efforts to develop extensive forest-based climate change vulnerability assessments have informed proposed management and policy options intended to promote improved on-the-ground policy outcomes. These assessments are derived from a rich vulnerability literature and are helpful in modeling complex ecosystem interactions, yet their policy relevance and impact has been limited. We argue this is due to structural-functional logic underpinning these assessments in which governance is treated as a procedural &amp;#8220;black box&amp;#8221; and policy-making as an undifferentiated and unproblematic output of a political system responding to input changes and/or system prerequisites. Like an earlier generation of systems or cybernetic thinking about political...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Forestry; Governance; Structural functionalism.
Ano: 2013

Navigating Trade-Offs: Working for Conservation and Development Outcomes
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Campbell, Bruce M; CGIAR Challenge Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS); brca@life.ku.dk; Sayer, Jeffrey A; IUCN - International Union for Conservation of Nature ; jeff.sayer@iucn.org; Walker, Brian; CSIRO - Australian Commonwealth Scientific and Research Organization ; Brian.Walker@csiro.au.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed article
Palavras-chave: Adaptive capacity; Governance; ICDP; Institutions; Integrated conservation and development; Land-use planning; Local knowledge; Participatory modeling; Participatory research; Resilience perspective.
Ano: 2010

Scenarios for Resilient Shrimp Aquaculture in Tropical Coastal Areas
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Bush, Simon R.; Wageningen University; simon.bush@wur.nl; van Zwieten, Paul A.M.; Wageningen University; paul.vanzwieten@wur.nl; Visser, Leontine; Wageningen University; leontine.visser@wur.nl; van Dijk, Han; Wageningen University; han.vandijk@wur.nl; Bosma, Roel; Wageningen University; roel.bosma@wur.nl; de Boer, Willem F.; Wageningen University; Fred.deBoer@wur.nl; Verdegem, Marc; Wageningen University; marc.verdegem@wur.nl.
We contend there are currently two competing scenarios for the sustainable development of shrimp aquaculture in coastal areas of Southeast Asia. First, a landscape approach, where farming techniques for small-scale producers are integrated into intertidal areas in a way that the ecological functions of mangroves are maintained and shrimp farming diseases are controlled. Second, a closed system approach, where problems of disease and effluent are eliminated in closed recirculation ponds behind the intertidal zone controlled by industrial-scale producers. We use these scenarios as two ends of a spectrum of possible interactions at a range of scales between the ecological, social, and political dynamics that underlie the threat to the resilience of mangrove...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Coastal fisheries; Governance; Livelihood decision making; Mangrove; Shrimp-aquaculture; Social-ecological systems; South-East Asia; Trans-disciplinary research; WSSV disease.
Ano: 2010

Participation and Protected Areas Governance: the Impact of Changing Influence of Local Authorities on the Conservation of the Bia&amp;#322;owie&amp;#380;a Primeval Forest, Poland
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Niedzia&amp;#322;kowski, Krzysztof; Mammal Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland; Sustainability Research Institute, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, UK ; kniedz@zbs.bialowieza.pl; Paavola, Jouni; Sustainability Research Institute, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, UK; J.Paavola@leeds.ac.uk; J&amp;#281;drzejewska, Bogumi&amp;#322;a; Mammal Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland; bjedrzej@zbs.bialowieza.pl.
According to the new conservation paradigm, protected areas should contribute to the socioeconomic development of host communities, and the latter ought to be included in participatory decision making concerning these areas. However, the understanding of participation is ambiguous and there are at least three major approaches, which may have different impacts on the governance of protected areas. We examine the case of the Bia&amp;#322;owie&amp;#380;a Primeval Forest in order to trace the effectiveness of changing modes of participation as well as to discuss the limitations and problems of public participation. Between 1918 and 2010, the role of local authorities changed from no influence to limited control over decision making regarding designation and...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Bia&amp;#322; Owie&amp;#380; A; Biodiversity conservation; Governance; National park; Participation; Poland; Protected areas.
Ano: 2012

Addressing surprise and uncertain futures in marine science, marine governance, and society
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Thrush, Simon F; Institute of Marine Science, The University of Auckland; School of Environment, The University of Auckland; simon.thrush@auckland.ac.nz; Lewis, Nick; School of Environment, The University of Auckland; n.lewis@auckland.ac.nz; Le Heron, Richard; School of Environment, The University of Auckland; r.leheron@auckland.ac.nz; Fisher, Karen T; School of Environment, The University of Auckland; k.fisher@auckland.ac.nz; Lundquist, Carolyn J; Institute of Marine Science, The University of Auckland; National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Hamilton, New Zealand; carolyn.lundquist@niwa.co.nz; Hewitt, Judi; National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Hamilton, New Zealand; Judi.Hewitt@niwa.co.nz.
On an increasingly populated planet, with decreasing biodiversity and limited new opportunities to tap unexploited natural resources, there is a clear need to adjust aspects of marine management and governance. Although sectarian management has succeeded in addressing and managing some important threats to marine ecosystems, unintended consequences are often associated with overlooking nonlinear interactions and cumulative impacts that increase the risk of surprises in social-ecological systems. In this paper, we begin to untangle science-governance-society (SGS) interdependencies in marine systems by considering how to recognize the risk of surprise in social and ecological dynamics. Equally important is drawing attention to our state of preparedness,...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Governance; Management; Marine ecosystems; Regime shift; Resilience; Science; Society.
Ano: 2016

A mixed-methods approach to assessing success in transitioning water management institutions: a case study of the Platte River Basin, Nebraska
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Hoffman Babbitt, Christina; School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln; christinahoffmanm@gmail.com; Burbach, Mark; School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln; mburbach1@unl.edu; Pennisi, Lisa; School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln; lpennisi2@unl.edu.
To address increasing conflicts between surface water and groundwater users, the state of Nebraska has adopted a more localized and integrated approach in managing water resources. Integrated approaches offer promise in better managing connected water resources within the state; however, little review of the potential benefits and/or challenges of these actions has been conducted. This case study uses both qualitative and quantitative data collection efforts to take an in-depth look at how this new and innovative management system is working through the eyes of stakeholders living and working in the basin. Data collection reveals that overall the current water management system is working relatively well, even though it is still in its infancy. However,...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Common pool resources; Governance; Integrated water resources management; Mixed-methods research.
Ano: 2015

Effects of protected area downsizing on habitat fragmentation in Yosemite National Park (USA), 1864 &amp;#8211; 2014
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Golden Kroner, Rachel E.; Department of Environmental Science and Policy, George Mason University; Betty and Gordon Moore Center for Science, Conservation International; rachelelizabethgolden@gmail.com; Krithivasan, Roopa; Department of Geography, Clark University; rkrithivasan@clarku.edu; Mascia, Michael B.; Betty and Gordon Moore Center for Science, Conservation International; m.mascia@conservation.org.
Protected area downgrading, downsizing, and degazettement (PADDD) has been documented worldwide, but its impacts on biodiversity are poorly understood. To fill this knowledge gap, we reviewed historical documents to identify legal changes that altered the boundaries of Yosemite National Park. We identified two downsizes and five additions between 1905 and 1937 that reduced the size of Yosemite National Park by 30%. To examine the effects of these downsizing events on habitat fragmentation by roads, we compared protected, never-protected, and downsized lands at three spatial scales using four habitat fragmentation metrics: road density, fragment (land surrounded by roads) area-to-perimeter ratio, fragment area, and fragment density. In general, lands that...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Downsizing; Governance; Habitat fragmentation; PADDD; Protected areas; Yosemite National Park.
Ano: 2016

Power Asymmetries in Small-Scale Fisheries: a Barrier to Governance Transformability?
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Crona, Beatrice; Stockholm Resilience Center, Stockholm University, Sweden; beatrice.crona@stockholmresilience.su.se.
Both global and local environmental problems call for the transformation of many contemporary and unsustainable governance approaches. Therefore, recent interest has sprung up around factors that facilitate and hinder societies from transforming governance of natural resources. Using a social-network approach, we study links between informal power structures and knowledge sharing and consensus building. We examine how this interaction may have affected the (in)ability of a community to move from open-access to some form of collective action for resource management. Individuals occupying central positions in a knowledge network can be instrumental in determining which knowledge and interpretation of ecological signals is most dominant. If the same...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Comanagement; Governance; Local ecological knowledge; Natural resources; Power; Social networks; Transformation.
Ano: 2010

Social-Ecological Collapse: TURF Governance in the Context of Highly Variable Resources in Chile
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Cundill, Georgina; Department of Environmental Science, Rhodes University; georgina.cundill@gmail.com.
In Chile, a Territorial User Rights for Fisheries system was developed to manage benthic fisheries. This system is referred to as Management Areas for the Exploitation of Benthic Resources. Management areas involved a shift from top-down control by governments to comanagement. We have analyzed the effects of a highly variable fishery, characterized by boom-and-bust cycles, on the governance of local institutions designed for resource management. We focused on a case study in north central Chile, in which the surf clam fishery experienced high levels of variability when the fishery was in an open access system. The management areas were established for the fishery in 1999. As a result, a set of rules for the fishery were created and enforced by fishers and...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Governance; Management area; Small-scale fishery; Social-ecological; TURF.
Ano: 2014

Governance and the Capacity to Manage Resilience in Regional Social-Ecological Systems
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Lebel, Louis; Chiang Mai University; llebel@loxinfo.co.th; Anderies, John M; Arizona State University; m.anderies@asu.edu; Campbell, Bruce; Northern Territory University; b_campbell@site.ntu.edu.au; Folke, Carl; Stockholm University; calle@system.ecology.su.se; Hatfield-Dodds, Steve; CSIRO; Steve.Hatfield.Dodds@csiro.au; Hughes, Terry P; James Cook University; terry.hughes@jcu.edu.au; Wilson, James; University of Maine; jwilson@maine.edu.
The sustainability of regional development can be usefully explored through several different lenses. In situations in which uncertainties and change are key features of the ecological landscape and social organization, critical factors for sustainability are resilience, the capacity to cope and adapt, and the conservation of sources of innovation and renewal. However, interventions in social-ecological systems with the aim of altering resilience immediately confront issues of governance. Who decides what should be made resilient to what? For whom is resilience to be managed, and for what purpose? In this paper we draw on the insights from a diverse set of case studies from around the world in which members of the Resilience Alliance have observed or...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Governance; Resilience; Adaptive capacity; Institutions; Accountability; Deliberation; Participation; Social justice; Polycentric institutions; Multilayered institutions.
Ano: 2006

Interacting effects of change in climate, human population, land use, and water use on biodiversity and ecosystem services
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Elmhagen, Bodil; Stockholm University, Department of Zoology; bodil.elmhagen@zoologi.su.se; Destouni, Georgia; Stockholm University, Department of Physical Geography; Stockholm University, Bert Bolin Centre for Climate Research; georgia.destouni@natgeo.su.se; Boyd, Emily; Stockholm University, Stockholm Resilience Centre; University of Reading, School of Archaeology, Geography and Environmental Sciences; emily.boyd@reading.ac.uk; Cousins, Sara A. O.; Stockholm University, Department of Physical Geography; sara.cousins@natgeo.su.se; Ermold, Matti; Stockholm University, Department of Physical Geography; matti.ermold@natgeo.su.se; Hedlund, Johanna; Stockholm University, Department of Zoology; johanna.hedlund@zoologi.su.se; Hylander, Kristoffer; Stockholm University, Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences; kristoffer.hylander@su.se; Jaramillo, Fernando; Stockholm University, Department of Physical Geography; fernando.jaramillo@natgeo.su.se; Lagerholm, Vendela K; Stockholm University, Department of Zoology; Swedish Museum of Natural History, Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics; vendela.kempe@nrm.se; Lyon, Steve W; Stockholm University, Department of Physical Geography; Stockholm University, Bert Bolin Centre for Climate Research; steve.lyon@natgeo.su.se; Moor, Helen; Stockholm University, Stockholm Resilience Centre; helen.moor@stockholmresilience.su.se; Pasanen-Mortensen, Marianne; Stockholm University, Department of Zoology; marianne.mortensen@zoologi.su.se; Plue, Jan; Stockholm University, Department of Physical Geography; jan.plue@natgeo.su.se; Prieto, Carmen; Stockholm University, Department of Physical Geography; carmen.prieto@natgeo.su.se; van der Velde, Ype; Stockholm University, Department of Physical Geography; Wageningen University, Department of Soil Geography and Landscape; ype.vandervelde@wur.nl; Lindborg, Regina; Stockholm University, Department of Physical Geography; regina.lindborg@natgeo.su.se.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Governance; Historical ecology; Landscape management; Scale mismatch; Social-ecological systems.
Ano: 2015

Certifying the commons: eco-certification, privatization, and collective action
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Foley, Paul; Environmental Policy Institute, Memorial University, Grenfell Campus; pfoley@grenfell.mun.ca; McCay, Bonnie; Department of Human Ecology, Rutgers the State University; mccay@AESOP.RUTGERS.EDU.
We examine new dynamics of privatization and collective action in common pool resource situations facilitated by the nonstate multistakeholder institutions of the Marine Stewardship Council (MSC), the global leader in sustainability certification for wild caught seafood. Through a review of the literature and two case studies of fishing cooperatives in Baja California Sur, Mexico and on Fogo Island in the Canadian Province of Newfoundland and Labrador (NL), we advance two interrelated arguments. First, certification and eco-labeling institutions privatize fisheries governance in largely unexamined ways through the injection of new forms of exclusive rights or privileges into common pool resource situations already complicated by access and property...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Baja California Sur  Mexico; Collective action; Common pool resources; Commons; Community-based fisheries; Cooperatives; Environmental certification; Environmental governance; Fisheries; Fogo Island  Newfoundland and Labrador  Canada; Governance; Marine Stewardship Council; MSC; Northern shrimp; Privatization; Property rights; Spiny lobster; Sustainable.
Ano: 2014

Safeguarding what and for whom? The role of institutional fit in shaping REDD+ in Mexico
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: McDermott, Constance L.; Environmental Change Institute, School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford; constance.mcdermott@ouce.ox.ac.uk; Ituarte-Lima, Claudia; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University; claudia.ituarte@su.se.
This paper examines the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change mechanism Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation (REDD+), and its associated multitude of global to local safeguards, as they apply to a single ejido on the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. It draws on written sources and interviews to analyze the ways in which broad international norms articulated through the REDD+ safeguards, including support for human rights and sustainable livelihoods for local communities, are translated at national, regional, and local levels.   Our findings indicate a wide range of perspectives on what constitutes sustainability, from strict conservation to more forest use-oriented strategies, such as community forestry and traditional Mayan shifting...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Community forest; Free  prior  and informed consent (FPIC); Governance; REDD+; Safeguard.
Ano: 2016

Integrating Traditional Ecological Knowledge and Fisheries Management in the Torres Strait, Australia: the Catalytic Role of Turtles and Dugong as Cultural Keystone Species
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Butler, James R. A.; CSIRO; james.butler@csiro.au; Tawake, Alifereti; James Cook University; alifereti.tawake@my.jcu.edu.au; Skewes, Tim; CSIRO; tim.skewes@csiro.au; Tawake, Lavenia; CSIRO; lavenia.tawake@csiro.au; McGrath, Vic; Torres Strait Regional Authority; vic.mcgrath@tsra.gov.au.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptive comanagement; Climate change; Ecosystem services; Dugong; Governance; Livelihoods; Melanesia; Papua New Guinea; Resilience; Subsistence fisheries; Traditional ecological knowledge: turtles.
Ano: 2012

Implementation arrangements for climate adaptation in the Netherlands:  characteristics and underlying mechanisms of adaptive governance
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: van Buuren, Arwin; Department of Public Administration, Erasmus University Rotterdam; vanbuuren@fsw.eur.nl; Keessen, Andrea M.; Utrecht Centre for Water Oceans and Sustainability Law, Utrecht University; a.m.keessen@uu.nl; van Leeuwen, Corniel; Department of Public Administration, Erasmus University Rotterdam; leeuwen@fsw.eur.nl; Eshuis, Jasper; Department of Public Administration, Erasmus University Rotterdam; eshuis@fsw.eur.nl; Ellen, Gerald Jan; Urban Water and Subsurface Management, Deltares; geraldjan.ellen@deltares.nl.
Adaptation to climate change is a rapidly emerging policy domain.  Over the last decade we have witnessed many attempts to enhance the climate robustness of agriculture, urban development, water systems, and nature to an increase in flood and drought risks due to a higher variability in rainfall patterns and sea level rise. In the vulnerable Dutch delta, regional authorities have developed adaptation measures that deal with flood risk, the availability of fresh water, subsidence, and salt water intrusion. In view of all the uncertainties that surround climate change, scientists emphasize that it should be possible to make changes when conditions change or insights evolve. The concept of adaptive governance has been introduced to facilitate the process of...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptive governance; Climate adaptation; Flexible arrangements; Governance; Implementation.
Ano: 2015

How fit turns into misfit and back: Institutional Transformations of Pastoral Commons in African Floodplains
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Haller, Tobias; University of Bern, Institute of Social Anthropology; haller@anthro.unibe.ch; Fokou, Gilbert; NCCR North-South, University of Bern, Switzerland University of Yaounde, Cameroon; gilbertfokou@yahoo.fr; Mbeyale, Gimbage; Soikoine University, Tanzania; gimbage@yahoo.com; Meroka, Patrick; University of Zurich, Switzerland; meroka2004@yahoo.de.
We enlarge the notion of institutional fit using theoretical approaches from New Institutionalism, including rational choice and strategic action, political ecology and constructivist approaches. These approaches are combined with ecological approaches (system and evolutionary ecology) focusing on feedback loops and change. We offer results drawn from a comparison of fit and misfit cases of institutional change in pastoral commons in four African floodplain contexts (Zambia, Cameroon, Tanzania (two cases). Cases of precolonial fit and misfit in the postcolonial past, as well as a case of institutional fit in the postcolonial phase, highlight important features, specifically, flexible institutions, leadership, and mutual economic benefit under specific...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed article
Palavras-chave: African floodplains; Governance; Institutional change; Institutional fit; New Institutionalism; Pastoral commons.
Ano: 2013

Estimating the Adaptive Capacity of Local Communities at Marine Protected Areas in Latin America: a Practical Approach
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Moreno-S&amp;#225;nchez, Rocio del Pilar; Conservation Strategy Fund; rocio@conservation-strategy.org.
The establishment of marine protected areas (MPA) has become the prevailing management strategy to stop the degradation of coastal and marine ecosystems; however, the effectiveness of MPAs  is affected not only by ecological factors but also by social ones. Identifying and understanding socioeconomic conditions and the institutional context of fishing communities is essential to achieve  success with MPAs. We propose a practical methodology for estimating the adaptive capacity (AC) of local communities to the establishment of MPAs. Adaptive capacity is defined as the ability of households to anticipate and respond to disturbances, natural or human induced, and to minimize, cope with, and recover from the consequences. We propose an index of adaptive...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptive capacity determinants; Fishery resources; Governance; Marine ecosystems management; Sustainable livelihoods; Vulnerability.
Ano: 2014

Evaluating Functional Fit between a Set of Institutions and an Ecosystem
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Ekstrom, Julia A; Engineering Informatics Group, Stanford University; Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California Santa Barbara; jekstrom@lbl.gov; Young, Oran R; Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California Santa Barbara; young@bren.ucsb.edu.
This paper presents a quantitative analytical method for measuring functional fit between a specific ecosystem and a defined set of institutions. Functional misfits, the focus of this paper, can arise as a result of gaps in governance&amp;#8212;a lack of institutional provision for a socioecological system component or link. The method measures such misfit using a similarity metric (simple matching). This provides an indication of the potential degree of system-wide fit between an ecosystem and a relevant set of institutions. A preliminary form of the approach uses the text of ocean and coastal laws and regulations to represent formal institutional arrangements. This basic demonstration helps show the complex interrelationships that have to be taken into...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Ecosystem-based management; Governance; Institutions; Marine policy; Problem of fit; Socioecological systems.
Ano: 2009

Community Monitoring for REDD+: International Promises and Field Realities
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: van Noordwijk, Meine; World Agroforestry Centre; M.Vannoordwijk@cgiar.org; Poulsen, Michael K.; NORDECO; mkp@nordeco.dk; Rahayu, Subekti; World Agroforestry Centre; S.RAHAYU@CGIAR.ORG; Rutishauser, Ervan; Center for International Forestry Research; er.rutishauser@gmail.com; Theilade, Ida; Forest and Landscape of Denmark, University of Copenhagen ; idat@life.ku.dk; Widayati, Atiek; World Agroforestry Centre; A.WIDAYATI@CGIAR.ORG; An, Ngo The; Hanoi University of Agriculture; ntan@hua.edu.vn; Bang, Tran Nguyen; Department of Environmental Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Hanoi University of Agriculture; trannguyenbang@gmail.com; Budiman, Arif; WWF-Indonesia; ABudiman@wwf.or.id; Enghoff, Martin; NORDECO; me@nordeco.dk; Jensen, Arne E.; NORDECO; aejmanila@gmail.com; Kurniawan, Yuyun; WWF-Indonesia; YKurniawan@wwf.or.id; Li, Qiaohong; Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences; qiaohong@mail.kib.ac.cn; Mingxu, Zhao; Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences; zhaomingxu@mail.kib.ac.cn; Schmidt-Vogt, Dietrich; Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences; schmidt-vogt@mail.kib.ac.cn; Prixa, Suoksompong; National University of Laos; soukpri@yahoo.com; Thoumtone, Vongvisouk; National University of Laos; thvongvisouk@gmail.com; Warta, Zulfira; WWF-Indonesia; zwarta@wwf.or.id; Burgess, Neil; Centre for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen; WWF-US Conservation Science Program; UNEP-World Conservation Monitoring Center, Cambridge; NDBurgess@bio.ku.dk.
Will community monitoring assist in delivering just and equitable REDD+? We assessed whether local communities can effectively estimate carbon stocks in some of the world&amp;#8217;s most carbon rich forests, using simple field protocols, and we reviewed whether community monitoring exists in current REDD+ pilots. We obtained similar results for forest carbon when measured by communities and professional foresters in 289 vegetation plots in Southeast Asia. Most REDD+ monitoring schemes, however, contain no community involvement. To close the gulf between United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change texts on involving communities and field implementation realities, we propose greater embedding of community monitoring within national REDD+ pilot...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; Climate  Community and Biodiversity Alliance standard; Forest carbon; Governance; Livelihood; Monitoring; Payment for Ecosystem Service programs; REDD+; Southeast Asia.
Ano: 2013

Scale and Governance: Conceptual Considerations and Practical Implications
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Kok, Kasper; Land Dynamics Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands; Kasper.Kok@wur.nl; Veldkamp, Tom (A.); Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands;.
Policies have many unforeseen impacts on social-ecological systems at different levels of spatial and temporal scales. Partly because of this, both scale and governance have been and continue to be hotly debated and studied topics within many scientific disciplines. Although there are two distinct vocabularies, both communities seem to be struggling to come to terms with a shift that has common elements. This special feature has two types of contributions, three scoping papers, providing a state-of-the-art overview of the conceptual discussion, and six case study papers that set out to deal with the practicalities of combining scale and governance. The scoping papers strongly indicate that using the notion of complex systems, specifically the...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Governance; Scale; Social-ecological system.
Ano: 2011

The Right Connections: How do Social Networks Lubricate the Machinery of Natural Resource Governance?
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Crona, Beatrice; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Sweden; beatrice.crona@stockholmresilience.su.se; Hubacek, Klaus; Department of Geography, University of Maryland; Hubacek@umd.edu.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed article
Palavras-chave: Governance; Natural resources; Social network analysis; Social relations; Structure.
Ano: 2010

Unintended outcomes of farmers&amp;#8217; adaptation to climate variability: deforestation and conservation in Calakmul and Maya biosphere reserves
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Rodriguez-Solorzano, Claudia; Environmental Studies Program, Dartmouth College; Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, Texas A&amp;M University; crsolorzano@mac.com.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Climate adaptation; Governance; Institutions; Land-use change; Latin America; Protected areas.
Ano: 2014

Are We Entering an Era of Concatenated Global Crises?
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Biggs, Duan; ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville Australia; ancientantwren@gmail.com; Biggs, Reinette (Oonsie); Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Sweden; oonsie.biggs@stockholmresilience.su.se; Dakos, Vasilis; Department of Aquatic Ecology &amp; Water Quality Management, Wageningen University; vasileios.dakos@wur.nl; Scholes, Robert J; CSIR Natural Resources and the Environment, Pretoria, South Africa; BScholes@csir.co.za; Schoon, Michael; School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University; Michael.Schoon@asu.edu.
An increase in the frequency and intensity of environmental crises associated with accelerating human-induced global change is of substantial concern to policy makers. The potential impacts, especially on the poor, are exacerbated in an increasingly connected world that enables the emergence of crises that are coupled in time and space. We discuss two factors that can interact to contribute to such an increased concatenation of crises: (1) the increasing strength of global vs. local drivers of change, so that changes become increasingly synchronized; and (2) unprecedented potential for the propagation of crises, and an enhanced risk of management interventions in one region becoming drivers elsewhere, because of increased connectivity. We discuss the...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Concatenation; Connectivity; Crisis; Disaster; Food price crisis; Governance; Learning; Thresholds.
Ano: 2011

Dublin Ireland: a city addressing challenging water supply, management, and governance issues
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Kelly-Quinn, Mary; School of Biology &amp; Environmental Science, University College Dublin; mary.kelly-quinn@ucd.ie; Blacklocke, Sean; School of Civil, Structural &amp; Environmental Engineering, University College Dublin; sean-blacklocke@sean-blacklocke.com; Bruen, Michael; School of Civil, Structural &amp; Environmental Engineering, University College Dublin; michael.bruen@ucd.ie; Earle, Ray; International Water Association; rayearlewater@gmail.com; O'Neill, Eoin; School of Geography, Planning &amp; Environmental Policy, University College Dublin; eoin.oneill@ucd.ie; O'Sullivan, John; School of Civil, Structural &amp; Environmental Engineering, University College Dublin; jj.osullivan@ucd.ie; Purcell, Patrick; School of Civil, Structural &amp; Environmental Engineering, University College Dublin; pj.purcell@ucd.ie.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Demand management; Dublin; Full cost recovery; Governance; Water supply.
Ano: 2014

The Politics of Scale, Position, and Place in the Governance of Water Resources in the Mekong Region
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Lebel, Louis; USER, Chiang Mai University; louis@sea-user.org; Garden, Po; USER, Chiang Mai University; po@sea-user.org; Imamura, Masao; USER, Chiang Mai University; masao@sea-user.org.
The appropriate scales for science, management, and decision making cannot be unambiguously derived from physical characteristics of water resources. Scales are a joint product of social and biophysical processes. The politics-of-scale metaphor has been helpful in drawing attention to the ways in which scale choices are constrained overtly by politics, and more subtly by choices of technologies, institutional designs, and measurements. In doing so, however, the scale metaphor has been stretched to cover a lot of different spatial relationships. In this paper, we argue that there are benefits to understanding&amp;#8212;and actions to distinguish&amp;#8212;issues of scale from those of place and position. We illustrate our arguments with examples from the...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Governance; Institutions; Knowledge; Mekong; Politics; Scale; Science; Water resources.
Ano: 2005

Ecosystem Services Linking Social and Ecological Systems: River Brownification and the Response of Downstream Stakeholders
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Tuvendal, Magnus; Department of Systems Ecology, Stockholm University, Sweden; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Sweden; magnus.tuvendal@ecology.su.se; Elmqvist, Thomas; Department of Systems Ecology, Stockholm University, Sweden; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Sweden; thomase@ecology.su.se.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Brownification; Coping; Ecosystem service; Governance; Resilience; Response strategies; Social-ecological system; Transformation.
Ano: 2011

Understanding social-ecological change and transformation through community perceptions of system identity
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Andrachuk, Mark; University of Waterloo; Environmental Change and Governance Group; mandrach@uwaterloo.ca; Armitage, Derek; University of Waterloo; Environmental Change and Governance Group; derek.armitage@uwaterloo.ca.
We developed an empirical approach to consider social-ecological system change and transformation by drawing on resource users&amp;#8217;  knowledge and perceptions. We applied this approach in the Cau Hai lagoon, a coastal area dominated by small-scale fisheries in central Vietnam. Nine focus groups with more than 70 fishers were used to gather information about key social-ecological system elements and interactions, historical social-ecological dynamics, and possible thresholds between distinct social-ecological system identities. The patterns of change in livelihoods and resource exploitation in the Cau Hai lagoon are similar to those seen in other coastal lagoon and small-scale fishery contexts. Our findings show some promise for the use of local...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Aquaculture; Environmental change; Governance; Local knowledge systems; Perceptions; Resilience; Small scale fisheries; Social-ecological transformations.
Ano: 2015

Local perceptions on social-ecological dynamics in Latin America in three community-based natural resource management systems
Provedor de dados: 7
Several examples of community-based natural resource management in Latin American social-ecological systems exist in which communities control the management of common-pool resources. Understanding community perceptions of the performance of these systems is essential to involve communities in sustainable management strategies. In this analysis of three areas in Colombia, Mexico, and Argentina, we analyzed the local perceptions of the social and environmental challenges faced by these social-ecological systems and how these challenges and drivers affect their resilience. To do this, we combined prospective structural analysis to unravel stakeholders&amp;#8217; perceptions of each system&amp;#8217;s functioning along with network analysis to assess...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Argentina; Colombia; Common-pool resources; Environmental challenges; Governance; Mexico; Network analysis; Ostrom; Prospective structural analysis; Social-ecological resilience.
Ano: 2015

The role of public education in governance for resilience in a rapidly changing Arctic
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Cost, Douglas S; University of Alaska Fairbanks; dscost@alaska.edu.
Education and learning possess powerful potential in affecting future resilience and sustainable states. Here, I focus on unpacking and examining the connections and feedbacks between social-environmental systems (SESs), resilience, and compulsory education. SESs have been problematized as frequently having a poor fit between environmental change and policy solutions. The last few decades have witnessed global recognition of climate change in the Arctic. This has led to discussion and debate over the role of schools in addressing local knowledge, environmental changes, and community priorities. In Alaska, USA, and other Arctic regions, the role of public schools in improving this fit has been largely overlooked. I hypothesize that, as extensions of...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Governance; Public education; Resilience; Rural schools; Social-ecological systems.
Ano: 2015

The Interplay of Well-being and Resilience in Applying a Social-Ecological Perspective
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Armitage, Derek; University of Waterloo; derek.armitage@uwaterloo.ca; Charles, Anthony T; Saint Mary's University; Tony.Charles@SMU.CA; Johnson, Derek; University of Manitoba; derek_johnson@umanitoba.ca; Allison, Edward H; The WorldFish Center and the University of East Anglia; e.allison@cgiar.org.
Innovative combinations of social and ecological theory are required to deal with complexity and change in human-ecological systems. We examined the interplay and complementarities that emerge by linking resilience and social well-being approaches. First, we reflected on the limitations of applying ecological resilience concepts to social systems from the perspective of social theory, and particularly, the concept of well-being. Second, we examined the interplay of resilience and well-being concepts in fostering a social-ecological perspective that promises more appropriate management and policy actions. We examined five key points of interplay: (1) the limits of optimization thinking (e.g., maximum sustainable yield), (2) the role of human agency and...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Agency; Governance; Integration; Interdisciplinarity; Policy; Sustainability; Thresholds; Transdisciplinarity; Uncertainty.
Ano: 2012

Social-ecological system framework: initial changes and continuing challenges
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: McGinnis, Michael D.; Indiana University; mcginnis@indiana.edu; Ostrom, Elinor; Indiana University; workshop@indiana.edu.
The social-ecological system (SES) framework investigated in this special issue enables researchers from diverse disciplinary backgrounds working on different resource sectors in disparate geographic areas, biophysical conditions, and temporal domains to share a common vocabulary for the construction and testing of alternative theories and models that determine which influences on processes and outcomes are especially critical in specific empirical settings. We summarize changes that have been made to this framework and discuss a few remaining ambiguities in its formulation. Specifically, we offer a tentative rearrangement of the list of relevant attributes of governance systems and discuss other ways to make this framework applicable to policy settings...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Frameworks; Governance; Institutional analysis; Social-ecological systems.
Ano: 2014

From Scaling to Governance of the Land System: Bridging Ecological and Economic Perspectives
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Veldkamp, Tom; Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation. University of Twente; veldkamp@itc.nl; Polman, Nico; LEI part of Wageningen UR (Agricultural Economics Research Institute); Nico.Polman@wur.nl; Reinhard, Stijn; LEI part of Wageningen UR (Agricultural Economics Research Institute); Stijn.Reinhard@wur.nl; Slingerland, Maja; Wageningen University, Plant Production Systems Group; Maja.Slingerland@wur.nl.
One of the main unresolved problems in policy making is the step from scale issues to effective governance. What is appropriate for a lower level, such as a region or location, might be considered undesirable at a global scale. Linking scaling to governance is an important issue for the improvement of current environmental management and policies. Whereas social&amp;#8211;ecological science tends to focus on adaptive behavior and aspects of spatial ecological data, new institutional economics focuses more on levels in institutional scales and temporal dimensions. Consequently, both disciplines perceive different scaling challenges while aiming at a similar improvement of effective governance. We propose that future research needs to focus on four themes:...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Combined system perspective; Governance; New institutional economics; Scaling; Social&amp;#8211; Ecological sciences.
Ano: 2011

Wicked Social-Ecological Problems Forcing Unprecedented Change on the Latitudinal Margins of Coral Reefs: the Case of Southwest Madagascar
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Cinner, Joshua E; ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies,  James Cook University, Australia; joshua.cinner@jcu.edu.au; Pichon, Michel; Museum of Tropical Queensland, Townsville, Australia; James Cook University; michel.pichon@bigpond.com; Rasoamanendrika, Faravavy; Institut Halieutique et des Sciences Marines, Toliara, Madagascar; faraagrippine@yahoo.fr; Zinke, Jens; The University of Western Australia, School of Earth and Environment;  UWA Oceans Institute and the Australian Institute of Marine Science, Australia; jens.zinke@uwa.edu.au; McClanahan, Tim R; Wildlife Conservation Society, Marine Programs, Bronx, New York, USA; tmcclanahan@wcs.org.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Governance; Marine resources; Migration; Solutions.
Ano: 2012

Environmental Governance as Stochastic Belief Updating: Crafting Rules to Live by
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Bromley, Daniel W.; University of Wisconsin-Madison and  Humboldt University zu Berlin; dbromley@wisc.edu.
The idea that humans can &amp;#8220;manage&amp;#8221; nature is a modernist conceit. Natural systems and social (human) systems are always in the process of becoming. In this setting of unknowable dynamic emergence, it is not possible to design institutional arrangements&amp;#8212;rules to live by&amp;#8212;that permit an activity called &amp;#8220;management.&amp;#8221; The more fundamental challenge to the conceit of management is that humans are never sure what we want until we are put in a situation of having to work it out. We learn what we want by learning about what it might be possible for us to have. Science, properly engaged with the public, can contribute to this learning process. But science cannot hold itself up as an activity that produces...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed article
Palavras-chave: Belief updating; Governance; Meaning; Reasonable.
Ano: 2012

Emergence of Global Adaptive Governance for Stewardship of Regional Marine Resources
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Folke, Carl; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University; Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences; carl.folke@beijer.kva.se.
Overfishing has historically caused widespread stock collapses in the Southern Ocean. Until recently, illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing threatened to result in the collapse of some of the few remaining valuable fish stocks in the region and vulnerable seabird populations. Currently, this unsustainable fishing has been reduced to less than 10% of former levels. We describe and analyze the emergence of the social-ecological governance system that made it possible to curb the fisheries crisis. For this purpose, we investigated the interplay between actors, social networks, organizations, and institutions in relation to environmental outcomes. We drew on a diversity of methods, including qualitative interviews, quantitative social network and...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: CCAMLR; Governance; IUU fishing; Marine ecology; Southern Ocean; Toothfish.
Ano: 2013

The governance of adaptation: choices, reasons, and effects. Introduction to the Special Feature
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Huitema, Dave; VU University Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Open University of the Netherlands; dave.huitema@ivm.vu.nl; Adger, William Neil; University of Exeter; n.adger@exeter.ac.uk; Berkhout, Frans; Department of Geography, King's College London, UK; frans.berkhout@kcl.ac.uk; Massey, Eric; VU University; eric.massey@vu.nl; Mazmanian, Daniel; University of Southern California; mazmania@usc.edu; Munaretto, Stefania; Institute for Environmental Studies (IVM), VU University Amsterdam; stefania.munaretto@vu.nl; Plummer, Ryan; Environmental Sustainability Research Centre, Brock University, Canada; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Sweden; ryan.plummer@brocku.ca; Termeer, Catrien C. J. A. M.; Wageningen University; katrien.termeer@wur.nl.
The governance of climate adaptation involves the collective efforts of multiple societal actors to address problems, or to reap the benefits, associated with impacts of climate change. Governing involves the creation of  institutions, rules and organizations, and the selection of normative principles to guide problem solution and institution building. We argue that actors involved in governing climate change adaptation, as climate change governance regimes evolve, inevitably must engage  in making choices, for instance on problem definitions, jurisdictional levels, on modes of governance and policy instruments, and on the timing of interventions. Yet little is known about how and why these choices are made in practice, and how such choices affect the...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Governance.
Ano: 2016

A Governing Framework for Climate Change Adaptation in the Built Environment
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Mazmanian, Daniel   A.; University of Southern California; mazmania@price.usc.edu; Jurewitz, John; Pomona College; john.jurewitz@gmail.com; Nelson, Hal T.; Claremont Graduate University; hal.nelson@cgu.edu.
Developing an approach to governing adaptation to climate change is severely hampered by the dictatorship of the present when the needs of future generations are inadequately represented in current policy making. We posit this problem as a function of the attributes of adaptation policy making, including deep uncertainty and nonstationarity, where past observations are not reliable predictors of future outcomes. Our research links organizational decision-making attributes with adaptation decision making and identifies cases in which adaptation actions cause spillovers, free riding, and distributional impacts. We develop a governing framework for adaptation that we believe will enable policy,  planning, and major long-term development decisions to be made...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptive management; California; Climate change adaptation; Governance; Planning.
Ano: 2013

The Practice of Transboundary Decision Making on the Incomati River: Elucidating Underlying Factors and their Implications for Institutional Design
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Slinger, Jill H.; Delft University of Technology; j.h.slinger@tudelft.nl; Hilders, Marianne; DHV B.V. (Adviesgroep Water, Natuur en Ruimte); Marianne.Hilders@DHV.nl; Juizo, Dinis; Eduardo Mondlane  University; juizo@hotmail.com.
The Incomati River Basin is shared by Mozambique, South Africa, and Swaziland. In August 2002, the groundbreaking &amp;#8220;Tripartite Interim Agreement on Water Sharing of the Maputo and Incomati Rivers&amp;#8221;  (the IncoMaputo agreement) was signed. Following reports that the use, availability, and adequacy of information posed problems for future decision making on this transboundary river, the Delft University of Technology initiated a 6-month study in 2003 in which 25 southern African researchers and officials were interviewed. The Joint Incomati Basin Study (Phase I from 1992&amp;#8211;1995, and Phase II from 2000&amp;#8211;2001) formed a central component in the investigation, because it was viewed by the parties involved as a successful...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Causal analysis; Decision making; Governance; Information use; Institutions; International water policy; Mozambique; Networks; River-basin management; South Africa; Southern Africa; Swaziland.
Ano: 2010

Can multicriteria assessment tools help build trust into organic products?
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Freyer, Bernhard; University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU); bernhard.freyer@boku.ac.at; Bingen, Jim; Michigan State University, USA; bingen@msu.edu; Paxton, Rebecca; University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU); Rebecca.Paxton@boku.ac.at.
In a continuously expanding, globalizing, and industrializing organic market, organic consumers confront increasing complexity in organic product representation, labeling, and information that challenges how they build trust in organic products. We present a conceptual framework to analyze how consumers might build and practice trust in the organic agrifood chain. We asked specifically about the role of multicriteria assessment tools (MCATs) for trust building. We identified three consumer trust types: uninformed trust in labels (type 1); informed trust in extensive information, control, and certification (type 2); and informed and engaged trust in forms of close farmer&amp;#8211;consumer relationships (type 3). Three concepts of...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Ethics; Governance; Multicriteria assessment tools; Organic farming; Reflexivity; Reflectivity; Systems thinking; Trust.
Ano: 2014

Plausible futures of a social-ecological system: Yahara watershed, Wisconsin, USA
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Carpenter, Stephen R; Center for Limnology, University of Wisconsin-Madison; srcarpen@wisc.edu; Booth, Eric G.; Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin-Madison; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison; egbooth@wisc.edu; Gillon, Sean; Department of Food Systems and Society, Marylhurst University; Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison; sgillon@marylhurst.edu; Kucharik, Christopher J.; Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin-Madison; Nelson Institute Center for Sustainability and the Global Environment, University of Wisconsin-Madison; kucharik@wisc.edu; Loheide, Steven; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison; Loheide@wisc.edu; Mase, Amber S.; Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison; Mase@wisc.edu; Motew, Melissa; Nelson Center for Sustainability and the Global Environment, University of Wisconsin-Madison; Motew@wisc.edu; Qiu, Jiangxiao; Department of Zoology, University of Wisconsin-Madison; jqiu7@wisc.edu; Rissman, Adena R; Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison; ARRissman@wisc.edu; Seifert, Jenny; Center for Limnology, University of Wisconsin-Madison; JSeifert2@wisc.edu; Soylu, Evren; Department of Civil Engineering, Meliksah University; Nelson Institute for Sustainability and the Global Environment, University of Wisconsin-Madison; evrensoylu@gmail.com; Turner, Monica; Department of Zoology, University of Wisconsin-Madison; turnermg @ wisc.edu; Wardropper, Chloe B; Nelson Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Wisconsin-Madison; Wardropper@wisc.edu.
Agricultural watersheds are affected by changes in climate, land use, agricultural practices, and human demand for energy, food, and water resources. In this context, we analyzed the agricultural, urbanizing Yahara watershed (size: 1345 km&amp;#178;, population: 372,000) to assess its responses to multiple changing drivers. We measured recent trends in land use/cover and water quality of the watershed, spatial patterns of 10 ecosystem services, and spatial patterns and nestedness of governance. We developed scenarios for the future of the Yahara watershed by integrating trends and events from the global scenarios literature, perspectives of stakeholders, and models of biophysical drivers and ecosystem services. Four qualitative scenarios were created to...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Alternative futures; Climate; Ecosystem services; Eutrophication; Governance; Lakes; Land-use change; Phosphorus; Scenarios.
Ano: 2015

Ecosystem Services, Governance, and Stakeholder Participation: an Introduction
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Paavola, Jouni ; University of Leeds; j.paavola@leeds.ac.uk; Hubacek, Klaus; Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland; hubacek@umd.edu.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptive; Ecosystem services; Governance; Participation; Payment for ecosystem services; Protected areas; Resilience; Social-ecological systems; Stakeholders.
Ano: 2013

Meanings, drivers, and motivations for community-based conservation in Latin America
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Schunko, Christoph; Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU); christoph.schunko@boku.ac.at; Corbera, Esteve; Institute of Environmental Science and Technology (ICTA), Universitat Aut&amp;#242;noma de Barcelona; Department of Economics and Economic History, Universitat Aut&amp;#242;noma de Barcelona; esteve.corbera@uab.cat.
Indigenous and rural communities have developed strategies aimed at supporting their livelihoods and protecting biodiversity. Motivational factors underlying these local conservation strategies, however, are still a largely neglected topic. We aimed to enrich the conceptualization of community-based conservation by exploring trigger events and motivations that induce local people to be engaged in practical institutional arrangements for successful natural resource management and biodiversity conservation. By examining the history and development of three community conservation initiatives in Brazil, Mexico, and Bolivia, we have illustrated and discussed two main ways of understanding community-based conservation from the interaction between extrinsic and...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; Commons; Governance; Latin America; Protected areas.
Ano: 2015

A Typology of Indigenous Engagement in Australian Environmental Management: Implications for Knowledge Integration and Social-ecological System Sustainability
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Hill, Rosemary; CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences; James Cook University, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences; ro.hill@csiro.au; Grant, Chrissy; CTG Services; chrissy@webone.com.au; George, Melissa; Consultant; melissa@georgefenton.com.au; Robinson, Catherine J; CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences; catherine.robinson@csiro.au; Jackson, Sue; CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences; sue.jackson@csiro.au; Abel, Nick; CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences; nick.abel@csiro.au.
Indigenous peoples now engage with many decentralized approaches to environmental management that offer opportunities for integration of Indigenous Ecological Knowledge (IEK) and western science to promote cultural diversity in the management of social-ecological system sustainability. Nevertheless, processes of combining IEK with western science are diverse and affected by numerous factors, including the adaptive co-management context, the intrinsic characteristics of the natural resources, and the governance systems. We present a typology of Indigenous engagement in environmental management, derived through comparative analysis of 21 Australian case studies, and consider its implications for the integration of IEK with western science. Sociological and...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Environmental planning; Indigenous ecological knowledge; Integration; Intercultural; Governance; Natural resource management.
Ano: 2012

Learning in Adaptive Management: Insights from Published Practice
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Fabricius, Christo; Sustainability Research Unit, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, South Africa; christo.fabricius@nmmu.ac.za; Cundill, Georgina; Department of Environmental Science, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa; georgina.cundill@gmail.com.
Adaptive management is often advocated as a solution to understanding and managing complexity in social-ecological systems. Given the centrality of learning in adaptive management, it remains unclear how learning in adaptive management is understood to occur, who learns, what they learn about, and how they learn.  We conducted a systematic review using the Thomson Reuters Web of Science, and searched specifically for examples of the practical implementation of adaptive management between 2011 and 2013, i.e., excluding articles that suggested frameworks, models, or recommendations for future action.  This provided a subset of 22 papers that were analyzed using five elements: the aims of adaptive management as stated in each paper; the reported achievements...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptive management; Biological conservation; Ecosystem management; Governance; Social learning.
Ano: 2014

The Role of Governance in Agricultural Expansion and Intensification: a Global Study of Arable Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Mandemaker, Menno; Chairgroup of Land Dynamics, Wageningen University; menno.mandemaker@wur.nl; Bakker, Martha; Chairgroup of Land Dynamics, Wageningen University; Martha.bakker@wur.nl; Stoorvogel, Jetse; Chairgroup of Land Dynamics, Wageningen University; jetse.stoorvogel@wur.nl.
In this research we studied empirical relationships between agricultural production dynamics and six quantitative World Bank governance indicators for 173 countries between 1975 and 2007. It is hypothesized that in countries with lower quality of governance, agricultural production increases are more likely to be achieved by area expansions than by increases in yields. We distinguished four groups of countries: those with both area and yield increases; those with increasing yields but decreasing area; those with decreasing yields but a growing area; and those with both declines in yields and area. We analyzed differences between these four groups, and also analyzed governance-production relationships within these groups. On average, quality of governance...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Cropland; Development; Empirical; Farming; Governance; Intensification.
Ano: 2011

Steps toward a shared governance response for achieving Good Environmental Status in the Mediterranean Sea
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Cinnirella, Sergio; CNR-Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research; s.cinnirella@iia.cnr.it; Brennan, Ruth; The Scottish Association for Marine Science; ruth.brennan@sams.ac.uk; Barausse, Alberto; University of Padova; alberto.barausse@unipd.it; Icely, John; University of Algarve; john.icely@gmail.com; Luisetti, Tiziana; Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science; tiziana.luisetti@cefas.co.uk; Newton, Alice; University of Algarve; anewton@ualg.pt; O'Higgins, Tim; The Scottish Association for Marine Science; Tim.O\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'Higgins@sams.ac.uk; Palmeri, Luca; University of Padova; lpalmeri@unipd.it; Palmieri, Maria Giovanna; University of East Anglia; M.G.Palmieri@uea.ac.uk; Raux, Pascal; University of Western Brittany; pascal.raux@univ-brest.fr; Rees, Sian; University of Plymouth; sian.rees@plymouth.ac.uk; Pirrone, Nicola; CNR-Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research; pirrone@iia.cnr.it; Turner, Kerry; University of East Anglia; r.k.turner@uea.ac.uk.
The Mediterranean region is of fundamental importance to Europe given its strategic position. The responsibility for its overall ecosystem integrity is shared by European Union Member States (EU-MS) and other Mediterranean countries. A juxtaposition of overlapping governance instruments occurred recently in the region, with the implementation of both the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) for EU-MS and the Ecosystem Approach Strategy (ECAP) for all Mediterranean countries, including EU-MS. Both MSFD and ECAP are structured around vision-driven processes to achieve Good Environmental Status and a Healthy Environment, respectively. These processes have clear ecosystem-based, integrated policy objectives to guarantee the preservation and integrity of...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Ecosystem approach; Environmental status; Governance; Legislation implementation; Marine environment; Mediterranean; Shared vision.
Ano: 2014

Understanding Adaptive Capacity in Forest Governance: Editorial
Provedor de dados: 7
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptive capacity; Boreal; Forest; Governance.
Ano: 2013

From LTER to LTSER: Conceptualizing the Socioeconomic Dimension of Long-term Socioecological Research
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Haberl, Helmut; Institute of Social Ecology, IFF Vienna, Klagenfurt University; Helmut.Haberl@uni-klu.ac.at; Winiwarter, Verena; Dept. of Cultural Analysis, IFF Vienna, Klagenfurt University; verena.winiwarter@univie.ac.at; Andersson, Krister; University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado; kanderss@indiana.edu; Ayres, Robert U.; INSEAD, Fountainebleau and IIASA, Laxenburg; Robert.AYRES@insead.edu; Boone, Christopher; School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Global Institute of Sustainability,; Christopher.G.Boone@asu.edu; Castillo, Alicia; Centro de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexic; castillo@oikos.unam.mx; Cunfer, Geoff; Department of History, University of Saskatchewan; geoff.cunfer@usask.ca; Fischer-Kowalski, Marina; Institute of Social Ecology, IFF Vienna, Klagenfurt University; marina.fischer-kowalski@uni-klu.ac.at; Freudenburg, William R.; Environmental Studies Programme, University of California, Santa Barbara; freudenburg@es.ucsb.edu; Furman, Eeva; Finnish Environment Institute, SYKE; Eeva.Furman@ymparisto.fi; Krausmann, Fridolin; Institute of Social Ecology, IFF Vienna, Austria; fridolin.krausmann@uni-klu.ac.at; Mirtl, Michael; Federal Environment Agency Austria; michael.mirtl@umweltbundesamt.at; Redman, Charles L.; International Institute for Sustainability, Arizona State University; charles.redman@asu.edu; Reenberg, Anette; Institute of Geography, University of Copenhagen; Ar@geogr.ku.dk; Wardell, Andrew; Institute of Geography, University of Copenhagen; benjamin.warr@free.fr; Warr, Benjamin; INSEAD, Fountainebleau; benjamin.warr@free.fr; Zechmeister, Harald; Vienna Ecology Centre, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna; harald.zechmeister@univie.ac.at.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Communication; Governance; Land use; Long-term ecological research (LTER); Long-term socioecological research (LTSER); Scale; Society-nature interaction; Socioecological metabolism; Socioecological systems.
Ano: 2006

A Typology of Benefit Sharing Arrangements for the Governance of Social-Ecological Systems in Developing Countries
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Nkhata, Bimo Abraham; Water Research Node, Monash South Africa; bimo.nkhata@monash.edu; Mosimane, Alfons; Centre for Environment, Agriculture and Development, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa; alfons.mosimane@gmail.com; Downsborough, Linda; Water Research Node, Monash South Africa; Linda.Downsborough@monash.edu; Breen, Charles; Centre for Environment, Agriculture and Development, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa; breenc@telkomsa.net; Roux, Dirk J; Water Research Node, Monash South Africa; dirk.roux@monash.edu.
This study explores and interprets relevant literature to construct a typology of benefit sharing arrangements for the governance of social-ecological systems in developing countries. The typology comprises three generic categories of benefit sharing arrangements: collaborative, market-oriented, and egalitarian. We contend that the three categories provide a useful basis for exploring and classifying the different societal arrangements required for governance of social-ecological systems. The typology we present is founded on a related set of explicit assumptions that can be used to explore and better understand the linkages among ecosystem services, benefit sharing, and governance. Issues that are strongly related to sustainability in developing countries...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Benefit sharing; Developing countries; Ecosystem services; Governance; Social-ecological systems; Typology.
Ano: 2012

Nature-based solutions to climate change mitigation and adaptation in urban areas: perspectives on indicators, knowledge gaps, barriers, and opportunities for action
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Frantzeskaki, Niki; DRIFT -  Dutch Research Institute For Transitions, Erasmus University Rotterdam; n.frantzeskaki@drift.eur.nl; Pauleit, Stephan; Strategic Landscape Planning and Management, Technical University of Munich; pauleit@wzw.tum.de; Naumann, Sandra; Ecologic Institute, Berlin; sandra.naumann@ecologic.eu; Davis, McKenna; Ecologic Institute, Berlin; mckenna.davis@ecologic.eu; Artmann, Martina; Leibniz Institute of Ecological Urban and Regional Development (IOER), Dresden; Research Group Urban and Landscape Ecology, University of Salzburg; m.artmann@ioer.de; Knapp, Sonja; Department Community Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ; sonja.knapp@ufz.de; Korn, Horst; German Federal Agency for Nature Conservation; Horst.Korn@BfN.de; Stadler, Jutta; German Federal Agency for Nature Conservation; Jutta.Stadler@BfN.de; Zaunberger, Karin; European Commission, Environment Directorate General, Brussels; Karin.Zaunberger@ec.europa.eu; Bonn, Aletta; Department Ecosystem Services, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ;  German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig; Friedrich Schiller University Jena; aletta.bonn@idiv.de.
Nature-based solutions promoting green and blue urban areas have significant potential to decrease the vulnerability and enhance the resilience of cities in light of climatic change. They can thereby help to mitigate climate change-induced impacts and serve as proactive adaptation options for municipalities. We explore the various contexts in which nature-based solutions are relevant for climate mitigation and adaptation in urban areas, identify indicators for assessing the effectiveness of nature-based solutions and related knowledge gaps. In addition, we explore existing barriers and potential opportunities for increasing the scale and effectiveness of nature-based solution implementation. The results were derived from an inter- and transdisciplinary...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Cobenefits; Governance; Nature-based solutions; Urban areas.
Ano: 2016

The Politics of Social-ecological Resilience and Sustainable Socio-technical Transitions
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Smith, Adrian; SPRU - Science &amp; Technology Policy Research, University of Sussex; a.g.smith@sussex.ac.uk; Stirling, Andy; SPRU - Science &amp; Technology Policy Research, University of Sussex; a.c.stirling@sussex.ac.uk.
Technology-focused literature on socio-technical transitions shares some of the complex systems sensibilities of social-ecological systems research. We contend that the sharing of lessons between these areas of study must attend particularly to the common governance challenges that confront both approaches. Here, we focus on critical experience arising from reactions to a transition management approach to governing sustainable socio-technical transformations. Questions over who governs, whose system framings count, and whose sustainability gets prioritized are all pertinent to social-ecological systems research. We conclude that future research in both areas should deal more centrally and explicitly with these inherently political dimensions of...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Governance; Social-ecological resilience; Socio-technical transitions.
Ano: 2010

Turning points in climate change adaptation
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Werners, Saskia Elisabeth; Wageningen UR; werners@mungo.nl; van Slobbe, Erik; Wageningen UR; Erik.vanSlobbe@wur.nl; Oost, Albert; Deltares; Albert.Oost@deltares.nl; Pfenninger, Stefan; Imperial College London; s.pfenninger12@imperial.ac.uk; Trombi, Giacomo; Department of Agri-Food Production and Environmental Sciences (DISPAA), University of Florence; giacomo.trombi@unifi.it; Bindi, Marco; Department of Agri-Food Production and Environmental Sciences (DISPAA), University of Florence; marco.bindi@unifi.it; Moriondo, Marco; CNR-IBIMET; marco.moriondo@unifi.it.
Concerned decision makers increasingly pose questions as to whether current management practices are able to cope with climate change and increased climate variability. This signifies a shift in the framing of climate change from asking what its potential impacts are to asking whether it induces policy failure and unacceptable change. In this paper, we explore the background, feasibility, and consequences of this new framing. We focus on the specific situation in which a social-political threshold of concern is likely to be exceeded as a result of climate change, requiring consideration of alternative strategies. Action is imperative when such a situation is conceivable, and at this point climate change becomes particularly relevant to decision makers. We...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed article
Palavras-chave: Adaptation turning points; Climate change; Governance; Tools; Uncertainty.
Ano: 2015

Monitoring the Governance Dimension of Natural Resource Co-management
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Cundill, Georgina; Rhodes University, South Africa; Centre for Scientific and Industrial Research, South Africa; georgina.cundill@gmail.com; Fabricius, Christo; Rhodes University, South Africa; christo.fabricius@gmail.com.
The governance outcomes of natural resource co-management have been neither systematically monitored nor rigorously assessed. We identified system attributes and key variables that could form the basis for monitoring the governance dimension of adaptive co-management. A methodology for collaboratively monitoring these system attributes and key variables was tested in four localities in South Africa.  Our results suggest that creating the conditions that facilitate self-organization, and particularly cross-scale institutional linkages, is the major challenge facing attempts to initiate adaptive co-management. Factors requiring greater attention include community perceptions of support from outside agencies, access to long-term funding for adaptive decision...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptive capacity; Adaptive co-management; Governance; Monitoring; Self-organization; Social capital.
Ano: 2010

Modeling Soft Institutional Change and the Improvement of Freshwater Governance in the Coastal Zone
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Prou, Jean ; Ifremer, head of La Tremblade Station; Jean.Prou@ifremer.fr; Lample, Michel; University of Brest, UMR Amure;; Vanhoutte-Brunier, Alice; Ifremer, UMR Amure, Marine Economics Department;; Bordenave, Paul; Cemagref, ADER Research Unit;.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Common-pool resources; Ecosystem services; Freshwater management; Governance; Institutional arrangements.
Ano: 2011

Adaptive Comanagement in the Venice Lagoon? An Analysis of Current Water and Environmental Management Practices and Prospects for Change
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Munaretto, Stefania; University IUAV of Venice, Faculty of Urban and Regional Planning, Venice, Italy; VU University - Institute for Environmental Studies (IVM), Amsterdam, Netherlands; stefania.munaretto@ivm.vu.nl; Huitema, Dave; VU University - Institute for Environmental Studies (IVM), Amsterdam, Netherlands; dave.huitema@ivm.vu.nl.
Adaptive comanagement (ACM) is often suggested as a way of handling the modern challenges of environmental governance, which include uncertainty and complexity. ACM is a novel combination of the learning dimension of adaptive management and the linkage dimension of comanagement. As has been suggested, there is a need for more insight on enabling policy environments for ACM success and failure. Picking up on this agenda we provide a case study of the world famous Venice lagoon in Italy. We address the following questions: first, to what extent are four institutional prescriptions typically associated with ACM currently practiced in the Venice system? Second, to what extent is learning taking place in the Venice system? Third, how is learning related to the...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptiveness; Comanagement; Governance; Institutions; Learning; Venice lagoon.
Ano: 2012

Precariousness of work in outsourced extension: an analysis of public calls for Technical Assistance and Rural Extension (ATER) in the state of São Paulo – Brazil
Provedor de dados: 194
Autores: Thomson, Carolina Rios; Borsatto, Ricardo Serra; Bergamasco, Sonia Maria Pessoa Pereira.
As of 2003, the Brazilian government implemented the National Policy for Technical Assistance and Rural Extension (Pnater) that established a new governance format to provide public agricultural extension services, in which public and private agents share responsibilities. Within this new format, the funding, coordination, and regulation of the rural extension system is State's responsibility, while the execution of services relies on both public institutions and private outsourced entities. The research presented here explored the labor conditions of extension workers hired by private agents executing the Pnater, based on the hypothesis that the governance model establishes precarious conditions in extension work. To this end, semi-structured interviews...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Governança; Pluralismo Institucional; Pnater; Governance; Institutional Pluralism; Pnater.
Ano: 2021
URL: http://periodicos.ufsm.br/extensaorural/article/view/64910

Governança global.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: BALSADI, O. V.; NASCIMENTO, P. P.
No que se refere à meta 16.8 - Ampliar e fortalecer a participação dos países em desenvolvimento nas instituições de governança global - do 16º Objetivo de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS 16), é quase ato contínuo nos perguntarmos "Para quê? Como? Quando? Onde?". Obviamente, não é suficiente dizer que esta ampliação e fortalecimento são para atingir os Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável, pois seria um tautologismo desnecessário. Se os próprios países signatários do sistema Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU) reconhecem "que a erradicação da pobreza em todas as suas formas e dimensões, incluindo a pobreza extrema, é o maior desafio global e um requisito indispensável para o desenvolvimento sustentável", este poderia ser um amplo campo de atuação...
Tipo: Capítulo em livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Governança; Cooperação Internacional; Políticas Públicas; International cooperation; Governance.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1101041

Os desafios da Embrapa.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: DINIZ, F. H.; STUCHI, J. F.
Manutenção da paz, justiça eficiente e respeito aos direitos humanos, baseados no Estado de direito e governabilidade efetiva de instituições, são fundamentais para o alcance do desenvolvimento sustentável. Esses são os princípios do 16º Objetivo de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS 16), apresentado neste e-book. Entre as 12 metas presentes nesse objetivo, a Embrapa já vem contribuindo de maneira direta ou indireta com 6. Para estas considerações, procurou-se, em um primeiro momento, recuperar de maneira sucinta um apanhado de ações que já estão sendo feitas pela Embrapa para contribuir com o alcance de cada uma das metas. Em um segundo momento baseando-se no alinhamento das ações da Embrapa no Plano Plurianual (PPA) e do governo federal 2016-2019 com o ODS...
Tipo: Capítulo em livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Responsabilidade institucional; Governança; Desenvolvimento Sustentável; Cooperação Internacional; Sustainable development; International cooperation; Governance.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1102853

Governança e responsabilização institucional.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: MANOS, M. G. L.; SIQUEIRA, E. R. de; TAVARES, S. C. C. de H.; JESUS, I. R. D. de.
Neste capítulo, são analisadas as contribuições, em curso na Embrapa, no sentido de alcançar os Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) da Agenda 2030 da ONU, no que se refere à meta 16.7 - Governança e responsabilização institucional: garantir a tomada de decisão responsiva, inclusiva, participativa e representativa em todos os níveis. A responsabilização institucional pode ser também entendida como accountability, conceito complexo que engloba seus vários sentidos, principalmente as noções de responsabilização, responsividade e prestação de contas (Cruz, 2015). Todavia, a presente análise está pautada no conceito de accountability ligado ao modelo teórico da administração pública denominado "Novo Serviço Público" - aquele que, segundo Rocha (2010,...
Tipo: Capítulo em livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Estratégias de governança; Responsabilidade institucional; Accountability; Impacto Social; Desenvolvimento Sustentável; Tomada de Decisão; Instituição Pública; Social impact; Sustainable development; Decision making; Public sector; Governance.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1103080

Participatory approach to identify governance indicators for integrated coastal zone management, the case of marine protected areas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: David, G; Cazalet, B; Barnay, As; Charbonnel, E; Couture, E; Ferraris, J; Fleury, Pierre-gildas; Malterre, P; Pascal, N; Pelletier, Dominique; Salaun, P; Tessier, Emmanuel; Thomassin, A.
Marine protected areas are a laboratory of integrated coastal management. Driving the MPA system requires the implementation of a battery of indicators of governance. This governance must take into account both the internal dynamics of the system and the threats coming from the system environment. As part of a research project funded by the French Ministry of Ecology, (Liteau program), 4 coral reef MPAs were selected as pilote studies (St Martin in the Caribbean, Reunion and Mayotte in the Indian Ocean, the South Lagoon of New Caledonia in Oceania) to develop jointly between scientists and managers of MPAs governance indicators. The approach is definitely bottom up. It is based on the co-construction of indicators. In that way, the views of the scientists...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: MPA; ICZM; Participatory approach; Indicator; Governance.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00450/56138/57680.pdf

Five critical questions of scale for the coastal zone
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Swaney, D. P.; Humborg, C.; Emeis, K.; Kannen, A.; Silvert, W.; Tett, P.; Pastres, R.; Solidoro, C.; Yamamuro, M.; Henocque, Yves; Nicholls, R.
Social and ecological systems around the world are becoming increasingly globalized. From the standpoint of understanding coastal ecosystem behavior, system boundaries are not sufficient to define causes of change. A flutter in the stock market in Tokyo or Hong Kong can affect salmon producers in Norway or farmers in Togo. The globalization of opportunistic species and the disempowerment of people trying to manage their own affairs on a local scale seem to coincide with the globalization of trade. Human-accelerated environmental change, including climate change, can exacerbate this sense of disenfranchisement. The structure and functioning of coastal ecosystems have been developed over thousands of years subject to environmental forces and constraints...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Scale; Coastal management; Governance; Fishery management; Regime shift; Biogeochemistry.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00073/18437/16086.pdf

Findings from an exploratory study on the governance of a French fishery
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Tissière, Laurie; Mahévas, Stephanie; Trouillet, Brice.
In marine fisheries science, the application of social sciences and the increasing use of a multidisciplinary approach have enriched fisheries research through new paradigms. The stance on fisheries governance aims to complement bio-economic approaches and to break with the “tragedy of the commons” premise by focusing on the institutions and network actors at the heart of knowledge, representations, actions and decisions systems. Although the French-European context is largely determined by The Common Fisheries Policy, governance levers and an organised network of actors have been identified in demersal and benthic fisheries. In the present study, the observation of dialogue meetings identified the stakeholder strategies and interactions used to activate...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Governance; Fishery; Common Fisheries Policy; Stakeholders; Social interactions.
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00423/53474/55105.pdf

Ecosystem approach to fisheries: a brief overview and some considerations for its application in ICCAT
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Fromentin, Jean-marc; Fonteneau, Alain; Restrepo, Victor.
During the last SCRS plenary meeting, the sub-committee on environment suggested to present a document on the ‘Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries’ (EAF). This document firstly recalls the general scientific and institutional background of EAF, then we propose a synoptic view of EAF, including four main domains: governance, exploitation, resources and impacts on ecosystems. The way that EAF is tackled within the various tuna commissions is then summarised. Finally, we rapidly examine the way the SCRS could cope with EAF issues and we suggest to merge the sub-committee on environment with this on by-catch into a single subcommittee on ecosystem.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ecosystem; Resources; Exploitation; Governance; Environment; By-catch.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00192/30334/28809.pdf

The dynamics of institutional innovation: Crafting co-management in small-scale fisheries through action research
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Léopold, Marc; Thébaud, Olivier; Charles, Anthony.
This paper investigates the dynamics of institutional development and co-management performance in small-scale fisheries. The study covers different contexts and spatial and temporal scales, for nine case studies in the South Pacific. In these cases, new co-management institutions were intentionally set up from 2008 to 2016 through fishery policy intervention to address over-exploitation problems of sea cucumber resources. This was carried out in a process of adaptive experimentation, based on a collaborative and problem-solving approach to governance, and a context-based vision of sustainability issues. In order to quantitatively and empirically assess change in governance within and between cases, a multidimensional analytical framework of governance...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Action research; Adaptive experimentation; Governance; Institutional change; Small-scale fisheries; Social learning.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00482/59389/62570.pdf

Atténuer l’impact des pratiques de pêche sur les écosystèmes par l’application du gradient de juridicité. Illustration au sein d’une aire marine protégée : le Parc Naturel Marin d’Iroise
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pomade, Adélie.
The increasing impact of fisheries practices on marine ecosystems and ecosystem services requires the mobilization of legal and societal instruments to correct the perverse effects they produce. Can public authority, through the law, freely interfere in the regulation of these practices to enable them to produce a virtuous effect on biodiversity, ecosystems and ecosystem services? Does it exist a threshold beyond which public authority must no longer act? It seems possible to answer these questions by applying the new conceptualized legal analysis tool called legal gradient. The unprecedented application of this tool is studied in a real-life laboratory which has long been used to study professional fishing practices that impacts biodiversity and ecosystem...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Gouvernance; Flexibilité du droit; Adaptabilité du droit; Services écosystémiques; Régulation publique; Régulation privée; Aire marine protégée; Développement durable; Governance; Legal flexibility; Legal adaptability; Ecosystem services; Legal regulation; Societal regulation; Marine protected area; Sustainable development.
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00637/74865/75266.pdf

Marine biodiversity offsetting: An analysis of the emergence of an environmental governance system in California
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Jacob, Celine; Thorin, Sebastien; Pioch, Sylvain.
Most research studies related to biodiversity offsetting have focused on governance systems already in place in the terrestrial realm – these studies tend to rely on an approach of organizational economics, in particular in relation to mitigation banking schemes. In this study, emerging marine offsetting governance systems has been analyzed using the Actor–Network Theory (ANT) with the aim of highlighting the key elements that enable the emergence of marine offsetting tools. The ANT framework has been applied to four case studies in California using data collected in a field study that consisted of interviewing 30 stakeholders working closely with the issue of marine offsetting. Employing ANT allowed to ascertain the role of commonly studied elements such...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Governance; Biodiversity offset; Marine ecosystems; Actor Network theory; California.
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00436/54805/56329.pdf

Retour sur deux projets de développement en aquaculture outre-mer : leçons pour l’avenir
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lacroix, Denis.
Lessons for the future from two development projects in aquaculture in the French overseas territories. Numerous research and development projects have been launched since the seventies in the French overseas territories. Their aim was to foster new activities in agriculture based on local productions for local markets, notably in the French West Indies (FWI). In this paper we analyze two development projects on the rearing of giant freshwater prawn, one in the FWI and the other in French Guyana, over twenty years after their launching. The purpose of these compared studies is twofold: first to try to understand why a set of relevant technical innovations ended in failure 15 years later; second to identify recommendations in terms of methodology in order...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Développement durable; Gouvernance; Aquaculture; Innovation; Acceptabilité sociale; Sustainable development; Governance; Aquaculture; Innovation; Social acceptability.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00187/29784/28242.pdf

Modeling soft institutional change and the improvement of freshwater governance in the coastal zone
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Mongruel, Remi; Prou, Jean; Balle-beganton, Johanna; Lample, Michel; Vanhoutte Brunier, Alice; Rethoret, Harold; Perez Agundez, José A.; Vernier, Françoise; Bordenave, Paul; Bacher, Cedric.
The contribution of soft institutional change to improve freshwater governance in the coastal zone will be examined. Freshwater management seeks to reduce losses due to overexploitation of the common-pool resources provided by river catchments and their associated ecosystems. Due to the complexity of the governance system, improving the performance of one coastal social-ecological system means searching for the appropriate “soft” institutional change. In the Pertuis Charentais region, increasing scarcity of freshwater in summer threatens the health of the coastal ecosystem and the sustainability of human activities, which depend on the use of natural resources. The allocation of freshwater among competing uses or concerns is a core issue for integrated...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Common-pool resources; Ecosystem services; Freshwater management; Governance; Institutional arrangements.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00055/16665/14158.pdf

Shaping the future of marine socio-ecological systems research: when early-career researchers meet the seniors
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Drakou, Evangelia G.; Kermagoret, Charlene; Comte, Adrien; Trapman, Brita; Rice, Jake C.
As the environmental issues facing our planet change, scientific efforts need to inform the sustainable management of marine resources by adopting a socio-ecological systems approach. Taking the symposium on "Understanding marine socio-ecological systems: including the human dimension in Integrated Ecosystem Assessments (MSEAS)" as an opportunity we organized a workshop to foster the dialogue between early and advanced-career researchers and explore the conceptual and methodological challenges marine socio-ecological systems research faces. The discussions focused on: a) interdisciplinary research teams versus interdisciplinary scientists; b) idealism versus pragmatism on dealing with data and conceptual gaps; c) publishing interdisciplinary research....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Dialogue among research generations; Future; Governance; Interdisciplinary science; Marine socio-ecological systems; Operational research.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00407/51817/52411.pdf

Integrating coastal zone dialogue : can initial networking of partners reduce conflicts in marine coastal areas?
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lacroix, Denis; Simard, François.
Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) is a link between three main fields: environment, society and economics. All of them are under strong and contradictory pressures with numerous factors and limited up-to-date and consistent knowledge. Nevertheless, decision makers have to find methods and means to manage the sustainable development of the coastal area, a place where different and frequently conflicting uses are steadily increasing, notably along the Mediterranean coastline. Numerous guidelines are available but their usual and common sense recommendations are rarely applied. The actor-network theory (Callon &amp; Latour) could be a useful tool to clarify and reduce chronic resource use conflicts in coastal areas. The usefulness and efficiency of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Coastal zone management; Governance; Actors network theory; Foresight analysis.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00040/15163/12500.pdf

What did we learn from PEGASEAS forum “Science and Governance of the Channel Marine Ecosystem”?
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Evariste, Emmanuelle; Claquin, Pascal; Robin, Jean-pierre; Auber, Arnaud; Mcquatters-gollop, Abigail; Fletcher, Stephen; Glegg, Gillian; Dauvin, Jean-claude.
As one of the busiest marine ecosystems in the world, the English Channel is subjected to strong pressures due to the human activities occurring within it. Effective governance is required to improve the combined management of different activities and so secure the benefits provided by the Channel ecosystem. In July 2014, a Cross-Channel Forum, entitled “Science and Governance of the Channel Marine Ecosystem”, was held in Caen (France) as part of the INTERREG project “Promoting Effective Governance of the Channel Ecosystem” (PEGASEAS). Here we use outputs from the Forum as a framework for providing Channel-specific advice and recommendations on marine governance themes, including the identification of knowledge gaps, which may form the foundation of future...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: English Channel; Governance; INTERREG programme; Cross-Channel Forum.
Ano: 2015
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00254/36550/35147.pdf

How to Measure Innovative Modes of Governance in the EU Rural Policy: Key Dimensions, Indicators and Case Studies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Secco,   Laura; Da Re,   Riccardo; Gatto,   Paola; Pettenella,   Davide; Cesaro,   Luca.
Good governance approaches in policy formulation and implementation - based on key concepts like participation, networking, transparency and accountability - are more and more adopted by the EU in addressing its rural policies reforms. Public Administrations at all levels should be evaluated with respect to their capacity to respect good governance principles. First, on the basis of a meta-analysis of ongoing initiatives (e.g. the World Bank’s Worldwide Governance Indicators), a methodological framework for assessing the quality of new governance modes is presented. Secondly, on the basis of case-studies in Italy, the monitoring and evaluation tools currently used by the European Commission to assess Administrations’ performances in rural development...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Governance; Indicators; Rural Development Programs; Local Action Groups; Agricultural and Food Policy; R58.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99589

LOCAL GOVERNANCE AND PUBLIC GOODS PROVISION IN RURAL CHINA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zhang,   Xiaobo; Fan,   Shenggen; Zhang,   Linxiu; Huang,   Jikun.
In developing countries, identifying the most effective community-level governance structure is a key issue and, increasingly, empirical evaluation of the effects of democratization on the provision of local public goods is needed. Since the early 1990s, tens of thousands of villages in rural China have held local-government elections, providing a good opportunity to investigate the effect of democratization on the level of public goods provision. Using a recent village survey conducted over a significant period of time, this paper compares governance by elected officials with that of appointed cadres and finds that elected officials tend to tax constituents less and provide them with higher levels of public services.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Governance; Democracy; Public goods provision; China; Public Economics; D73; H41; P35.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16120

Policies, Natural Resource Governance and Local Development
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Massuanganhe,   Israel Jacob.
The role that agriculture should play in economic development has been recognised for years. In recent years, concern has been expressed over rising agricultural and food prices. The world market prices for major food commodities have risen sharply to historic highs of more than 60 percent above levels just two years ago. Many factors have contributed to the rise in food commodity prices. Some factors reflect trends of slower growth in production and more rapid growth in demand that have contributed to a tightening of world balances of grains and oilseeds over the last decade. Other factors that have added to global food commodity price inflation include the declining value of the US dollar, rising energy prices, increasing agricultural costs of...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Data envelopment analysis; Efficiency; Decentralisation; Natural resource management; Land reform; Agricultural development; Governance; Participation; Local development; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Political Economy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53061

Governance Control Mechanisms in Portuguese Agricultural Credit Cooperatives
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cabo,   Paula; Rebelo,   Joao.
Over the last decade Portuguese Agricultural Credit Cooperatives (ACCs) have increasingly face survival challenges related to their difficulty in gathering equity. The main source of ACCs equity is the net benefit; thus, understanding how ACCs governance can work on correcting bad economic performance is of crucial importance to overcome this constraint. The main objective of this paper is to describe the governance control mechanisms in the ACCs. Five governance mechanisms are identified: board and chairman change (internal mechanisms), central ACC intervention by an agent or by management board replacement and merger. Empirical analysis proved that the internal governance mechanisms activity is not related to the ACC performance. Additionally: (a) ACCs...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cooperatives; Credit; Governance; Multinominal logit; Agricultural Finance; D23; L29.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24623

The Governance Economics of Capture and Aquaculture Fisheries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Thomson,   Kenneth J.
The “new institutional economics” has influenced the study of public (or policy) choice, e.g. via the organization and incentives of “stakeholders”, and the analysis of international and other (e.g. state-private) agreements.  Stakeholders in fisheries policy include fisherman and their families and communities, processors, scientists, environmentalists, fish product consumers, other (non-fishing-)marine, coastal and land users, government fisheries departments, and taxpayers. These play different roles, with different weights, in policy discussions, as shown in the reformed Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) of the European Union.  The recently set up North Sea Regional Advisory Committee is used as an illustration.  Conclusions suggest that successful...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Fisheries; Aquaculture; Governance; Policy; North Sea; Livestock Production/Industries; Q22.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55991

Can Co-Management Improve the Governance of   A Common- Pool Resource? Lessons From A Framed Field Experiment in A Marine Protected Area in the Colombian Caribbean
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Moreno-Sanchez,   Rocio del Pilar; Maldonado,   Jorge Higinio.
Complexities associated with the management of common pool resources (CPR) threaten governance at some marine protected areas (MPA). In this paper, using economic experimental games (EEG), we investigate the effects of both external regulation and the complementarities between internal regulation and non-coercive authority intervention—what we call co-management—on fishermen’s extraction decisions. We perform EEG with fishermen inhabiting the influence zone of an MPA in the Colombian Caribbean. The results show that co- management exhibits the best results, both in terms of resource sustainability and reduction in extraction, highlighting the importance of strategies that recognize communities as key actors in the decision-making process for the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Common-pool resources; Governance; Co-management; Experimental economic games; Fisheries; Latin America.; Environmental Economics and Policy; C93; C72; D02; D70; Q01; Q22; Q28; C23; C25.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60731

From Contracts to Networks: New Directions in the Study of Governance of Agro‐Food‐Energy Networks
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zylbersztajn,   Decio.
The debate about the governance of complex systems of production represents a rich branch of the literature of applied organization theory. The particular application to agro‐related networks is a relevant example since agriculture plays new roles in modern society. The core of the analysis is centered in the rationale for allocation of residual decision rights and distribution of the rights regarding the value created. Contributions based in transaction cost economics, resource‐based view, dynamic competences, and incomplete contract theory explore different dimensions related to the allocation of property rights. The question of how joint strategies are defined, and how value added (or subtracted) is shared among network players is still relevant....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Governance; Networks; Coordination of production; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Political Economy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100479

Manager Power, Member Behavior and Capital Structure: Portuguese Douro Wine Cooperatives
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rebelo,   Joao; Caldas,   Jose Vaz; Matulich,   Scott C.
Leverage is one of the most important financial factors to the survival and viability of agricultural cooperatives (e.g., wine cooperatives) during a period of intense competition. Leverage is influenced both by the behavior of managers and cooperative members. An empirical study for the Douro Demarcated Region Wine Cooperatives (DDRWC) supports the hypothesis that managers have a positive influence in the determination of the equity/total assets ratio and that individualistic behavior of cooperative members has a negative influence in the value of this ratio. This paper suggests that there may be value in reconsidering cooperatives in the context of a so-called Mediterranean model.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural cooperatives; Governance; Behavior and leverage.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/101052

ESTRUTURAS DE MERCADO DE FATORES E GOVERNANÇA NA CADEIA PRODUTIVA DO LEITE: UM ESTUDO DE CASO DO MUNICÍPIO DE AJURICABA-RS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Breitenbach,   Raquel; Souza,   Renato Santos De.
A estrutura de mercado de fatores que predominou por muitos anos na cadeia produtiva do leite, nas diferentes regiões do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, foi a de monopsônio, em que apesar de existirem várias empresas processadoras de leite, estas se localizavam de maneira que o agricultor não tinha mais do que uma opção de venda do seu produto. Nos últimos anos, em especial a partir de 2004, tem-se observado um significativo aumento no número de empresas processadoras de laticínio no Norte do estado do RS, concentrando-se em regiões que possuem fortes bacias leiteiras. Esse fato provoca o aumento da concorrência entre estas empresas na aquisição da matéria-prima principal, que é o leite in natura. Identificou-se uma região no município de Ajuricaba – RS,...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cadeia produtiva do leite; Governança; Estrutura de mercado de fatores; Milk production chain; Governance; Market of factors structure; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109455

Re-testing the Resource Curse Hypothesis Using Panel Data and an Improved Measure of Resource Intensity
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rambaldi,   Alicia N.; Hall,   Greg; Brown,   Richard P.C.
Most empirical studies of the Resource Curse Hypothesis (RCH) find evidence of a strong negative relationship between a country's natural resource abundance and economic growth. We question the reliability of these findings in relation to the definitions and measures used for both resource intensity and economic growth, and the econometric testing which we consider deficient. We use an alternative, per capita resource rents measure of resource intensity that excludes renewable resources and avoids the circularity and bias of other output-related measures. Using Cluster Analysis, we compare the grouping of countries on the basis of three resource intensity definitions; viz. Sachs and Warner's (1995), Gylfason and Zoega's (2002) and our per capita rents, and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Resource Curse Hypothesis; Economic growth; Resource rents; Panel evidence; Cluster Analysis; Governance; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q32; O13; O11; F43.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25289

Catalonian pork value chain’s resilience: ready for environmental challenge?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Soldevila,   Victoria; Viladomiu,   Lourdes; Frances,   Gemma.
The hog production model in Catalonia (Spain) has been, until recently, an example of success. Inventories and production have been increasing substantially and the sector has proven to have great export potential. Also, the Catalonian hog model has allowed the survival of crops and fruits’ small farms, through diversification with pork. Part of this success is based on the organizational system of the value chain or, as we call, “governance instruments” of the value chain. These “governance instruments” are, on one hand, contract relationships between agribusiness firms (specially, in feed sector) and farms and, on the other, a Marketing Board to fix pig prices (Mercolleida). However, recently, there have been some tensions in hog production model in...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Hog production model; Pork value chain; Governance; Critical Success Factor analysis; Environmental regulations.; Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58134

Water flows up; Excerpts from the Proceedings of a Ministerial Roundtable Dialogue on Water-Sector Challenges, Policies and Institutional Development in Asia (Bangkok, Thailand, 22-23 May 2002)
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Water resource management; River basins; Governance; Planning; Water policy; Private investment; Political aspects; Equity; Sustainability; Social aspects; Economic aspects; Irrigated farming; Water use; Irrigation water; Institutional development; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Political Economy; Public Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118401

Constructing a Social Development Network within a Rural Municipal Government in Portugal
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koehnen,   Timothy; Cristovao,   Artur.
In Portugal, an experimental Social Development Network (SDN) programme has been  promoted at the national level by the Social Development Institute (SDI). The major  operational objective of the SDN is to construct advisory councils and local commis- sions to increase local participation. The advisory council is represented by local de- velopment  stakeholders  from  governmental  and  non-governmental  institutions.  These  stakeholders define the actions to be taken for the social development agenda in the  municipal  government.  The  paper  depicts  the  achievements  and  inadequacies  of  this  network. In general, the case-study evaluation determines if the network strengthens the  social action process in a rural area faced by social constraints,...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Advisory  councils; Participation; Empowerment; Decision-making; Governance; Community/Rural/Urban Development.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44104

Examining the dimensions of governance that are relevant for private investment
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Vu Le,   Quan; Rishi,   Meenakshi.
Which types of governance indicators matter the most for private investment? This short paper answers the question by examining the impact of specific governance indicators on private investment in a cross-section of developing economies. Results indicate that an effective government that includes competent and independent civil service and credible governmental policies are positively associated with private investment. Fair and predictable rules of the game that determine the extent to which property rights are protected also facilitate greater private investment. Based on this the paper concludes that since some indicators of governance matter more than others, targeted institutional reform that focuses first on the significant dimensions may be key to...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Private investment; Governance; Developing economies.; International Development; Public Economics; E02; E22; O16.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95914

Rural development policy delivery and governance in Greece
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Papadopoulou,   Eleni; Christos,   Papalexiou; Hasanagas,   Nikolaos; Ventouri,   Eirini.
The main purpose of this research is focused on understanding the politico-administrative system and structure of rural policy implementation in the third programming period (2000-2006). Case studies have been conducted for selected measures of the Greek Rural Development Programme (RDP) and LEADER+ initiative. In-depth interviews were conducted with officials involved in the rural development policy implementation.  Inflexibility due to centralization, lack of personnel motivation and inadequacy of the personnel involved in policy implementation are the main weaknesses. Work seasonal overload is also a weakness, which can be caused by peak periods or by too many and in part possibly unnecessary documents, official permissions and other legal or...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Rural Development Programme; Policy implementation; Governance; Administration; Community/Rural/Urban Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94616

A Life-Cycle Perspective on Governing Cooperative Enterprises in Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hueth,   Brent; Reynolds,   Anne.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Cooperatives; Governance; Life Cycle; Competition; Finance; Agribusiness; Q12; Q13; Q14.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117411

Governance for Integrated Water Resources Management in a River-Basin Context: Proceedings of a Regional Seminar, Bangkok, May 2002
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Water resource management; River basins; Governance; Institutional development; Groundwater irrigation; Water policy; Water allocation; Water demand; Irrigation efficiency; Models; Case studies; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118402

Creating the Conditions for International Business Expansion: The Impact of Regulation on Economic Growth in Developing Countries - A Cross-Country Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jililian,   Hossein; Kirkpatrick,   Colin; Parker,   David.
The role of an effective regulatory regime in promoting economic growth and development and therefore international business has generated considerable interest among researchers and practitioners in recent years. In particular, building effective regulatory structures in developing countries is not simply an issue of the technical design of the most appropriate regulatory instruments, it is also concerned with the quality of supporting regulatory institutions and capacity. Many of the institutions that support markets are publicly provided and the effectiveness of these regulatory institutions can be expected to be an important determinant of how well markets function. This paper explores the role of regulation in affecting economic outcomes using an...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Economic growth; Regulation; Governance; Institutions; Economic performance; International Development; C23; I18; L33; L51; L98; O38; O50.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30554

Centralized versus Individual: Governance of Farmer Professional  Cooperatives in China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jia,   Xiangping; Hu,   Yamei; Hendrikse,   George W.J.; Huang,   Jikun.
Based on a national representative survey conducted in 2009, this study shows that the decision-making within Farmer Professional Cooperatives (FPCs) in China is decentralized to individual farmers. However, there is a trend that the decision rights of farming are decomposed to marketing, production and input procuring. While the rights for production and input procuring stay with family farmers, marketing rights tend to be collectivized. Compared to FPCs having external initiating sources, FPCs initiated by farmers are more inclined to introduce centralized decision-making. The governance structure of FPCs in transition China presents hybrid forms of both hierarchy and family farming.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Farmer; Cooperatives; Governance; China; Agricultural and Food Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Political Economy; L14; Q13; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90803

Innovation and Governance in International Food Supply Chains: The Cases of Ghanaian Pineapples and South African Grapes
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Trienekens,   Jacques H.; Willems,   Sabine.
This paper reports an exploratory case study on innovation in, and governance of, international supply chains originating in developing countries. Two African fruit export chains are analyzed: the table grape chain from South Africa (a highly developed chain) and the pineapple chain from Ghana (a newly emerging chain). The most important market for both chains is the EU. The two cases present complementary perspectives on international supply chain development. The paper shows that Western demands in these cases lead to innovation at the producer end of the international supply chain and changes in governance structures towards chain coordination and vertical integration.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: International supply chains; Innovation; Governance; Developing countries.; Agribusiness; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44900

The aged care industry in regional Australia: will it cope with the tsunami to come?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sappey,   Jennifer; Bone,   Zelma.
This paper reports on a pilot project to map the aged care industry in the Bathurst region of Central West New South Wales. The purpose of the project is to inform the future efforts of government, community based providers (CBPs) and private agencies in the sustainable development of the aged care industry. Early data suggest that the fragmented industry structure of CBPs, funded through asynchronous, disjointed state and federal funding programs, will be unable to respond to the increased demand for aged care services during the next decade. Initial findings also suggest that market tensions between CBPs and commercial providers will increase as they engage in competitive tendering for federal and state funding, and directly compete for scarce labour in...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Not-for-profits; Social services; Social capital; Social services; Governance; Community/Rural/Urban Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120868

Governance Control Mechanisms in Portuguese Agricultural Credit Cooperatives
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cabo,   Paula; Rebelo,   Joao.
Over the last decade Portuguese Agricultural Credit Cooperatives (ACCs) have increasingly face survival challenges related to their difficulty in gathering equity. The main source of ACCs equity is the net benefit; thus, understanding how ACCs governance can work on correcting bad economic performance is of crucial importance to overcome this constraint. The main objective of this paper is to describe the governance control mechanisms in the ACCs. Five governance mechanisms are identified: board and chairman change (internal mechanisms), central ACC intervention by an agent or by management board replacement and merger. Empirical analysis proved that the internal governance mechanisms activity is not related to the ACC performance. Additionally: (a) ACCs...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cooperatives; Credit; Governance; Multinomial logit; Agricultural Finance; D23; L29 –.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25338

Characteristics of resources and the provision of biodiversity and ecosystem services in Germany: the cases of fruit tree meadows and wolf protection
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Thiel,   Andreas; Schleyer,   Christian; Plieninger,   Tobias.
Work on common pool resources has paid scant attention to the role of properties of natural resources for the way their provision is governed. This paper scrutinizes determinants of institutions that regulate the provision of biodiversity and ecosystem services. Two cases of maintaining ecosystem services are compared (protection of wolves and management of scattered fruit tree meadows). Distinct characteristics of resources (mobility) and differences in the overarching European regulatory framework explain their different institutional embeddedness. Cost-effectiveness considerations seem to be paramount in the design of institutions. In the case of wolf protection, the state uses its power to modify property rights in order to increase acceptance of wolf...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Institutions; Governance; Wolf Management; Scattered fruit trees; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116082

DILEMAS DA INOVAÇÃO INSTITUCIONAL E GOVERNANÇA NOS ARRANJOS PRODUTIVOS DE BIODIESEL
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Favareto,   Arilson; Magalhaes,   Reginaldo Sales; Schroder,   Monica.
A tentativa de inclusão social de agricultores familiares no Programa Nacional de Produção e Uso de Biodiesel (PNPB) envolve a combinação de diversos instrumentos. Um deles é o Projeto Pólos de Produção de Biodiesel, em implantação nas regiões Norte, Nordeste e no centro-sul do país. O objetivo do Projeto é contribuir para o fortalecimento da capacidade de planejamento nos Pólos, e a metodologia empregada prevê a constituição de estruturas de governança que devem ser compostas pelo conjunto de agentes vinculados à cadeia do biodiesel. Isto abrange os agricultores e seus organismos de representação, as indústrias de biodiesel, instituições financeiras, órgãos de assistência técnica, poderes públicos, organizações não-governamentais e outras organizações de...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultura familiar; Biodiesel; Governança; Instituições; Family farming; Biodiesel; Institutions; Governance; Farm Management.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109600

Hydro-political assessment of water governance from the top-down and review of literature on local level institutions and practices in the Volta Basin
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Opoku-Ankomah,   Yaw; Dembele,   Youssouf; Ampomah,   Ben Y.; Some,   Leopold.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Water resource management; Governance; River basin development; Water law; Colonialism; Institutions; Social participation; Women; Water use; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91909

Co-ordination and networks at sub-regional level: how programmes can meet rural needs
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mantino,   Francesco; Tarangioli,   Serena; Tudini,   Lucia.
Main objective of this paper is focusing on local institutions and their ability to effectively respond to local needs in designing and implementing rural development policies.  The main unit of analysis is the Province of Grosseto. In this area a great number of public national and regional programmes provided for development funds during the last decade. The Province tried to co-ordinate these funds according to some strategy, but the real success in doing so is unknown and, more important, the driving forces and the conflicts/alliances which permitted this co-ordination have been explored. RDP is part of this process of co-ordination, probably one of the most relevant policies in the hands of Province.  The research explore the following elements:...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Rural development; Governance; Local development; Community/Rural/Urban Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95319

Resilience of European farms under different CAP scenarios
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Polman,   Nico B.P.; Peerlings,   Jack H.M.; Slangen,   Louis H.G.
The upcoming reform of the Common Agricultural Policy will put pressure on agricultural incomes and will cause more price volatility and income risk for farms in the EU. This raises the question if and how farms will survive these disturbances. Farms are able to survive only if they respond appropriately to disturbances. This resilience of farms is explained in this research by analysing the number of strategies that farmers indicate that they will use in a situation where the current CAP will continue and in a situation where it will disappear. The outcomes show that under both scenarios large more specialised farms with young farm heads are most resilient, and small more diversified farms headed by old farmers are least resilient. Results also show that...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Resilience; Governance; CAP reform; Count model; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114758

Communication, governance and multiply-owned Maori lands
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Barrett-Ohia,   O.
Based on the premise that communication is critical to effective governance, this research examines the communication mechanisms used within Maori organisations. It is part of an objective funded by the Foundation for Research, Science and Technology to "Define the important elements in building a governance structure to achieve alignment with the goals of owners on multiply-owned (Maori) lands". It contributes to both government and Maori agendas to accelerate Maori economic development while acknowledging the challenge in reconciling economic imperatives to increase profit with Maori cultural obligations to uphold spiritual and cultural (kaitiaki) obligations. Previous studies undertaken by AgResearch with groups other than the "traditional farmer"...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Communication; Governance; Multiply-owned Maori lands; Farm Management.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121498

CONTRIBUIÇÃO DA CERTIFICAÇÃO ORGÂNICA PARA UM NOVO MODELO DE GOVERNANÇA NO COMPLEXO AGROINDUSTRIAL CITRÍCOLA BRASILEIRO
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Carvalho,   Murilo Sicchieri de; Paulillo,   Luiz Fernando.
This paper compares governance structures in the Brazilian citrus production that appeared with the process of international certification of organic products. Both governance structures, between organic orange production and the processing plant, are analyzed through a study case methodology. These two governance structures are different from the traditional dominant structures that were consolidated with the industrial oligopoly of frozen and concentrated orange juice production along the last thirty years in Brazil. The analyzed cases (onward integration and onward partial-integration) can be used as a reference for possible penetrations of alternative organizational forms in citrus production in an agro-industrial complex predominantly directed at...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Institutions; Governance; Certification; Citrus; Integration; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Industrial Organization.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90694

Innovation Systems Governance in Bolivia: Lessons for Agricultural Innovation Policies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hartwich,   Frank; Alexaki,   Anastasia; Baptista,   René.
Traditional approaches to innovation systems policymaking and governance often focus exclusively on the central provision of services, regulations, fiscal measures, and subsidies. This study, however, considers that innovation systems policymaking and governance also has to do with the structures and procedures decision makers set up to provide incentives for innovating agents and the interaction and collaboration among them, thus enabling innovation. Based on the concepts of agent-centered institutionalism and innovation systems, governance can be understood to refer to integrating multiple government and non-government actors in different actor constellations depending on roles, mandates, and strategic visions. Any effort to govern the system composed of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Innovation System; Governance; Innovation Policy; Bolivia; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42367

The Political Economy of Pro-Poor Livestock Policy-making in Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Halderman,   Michael.
This paper presents a case study of how livestock policies are made and implemented in a national context, and how they can be improved to better serve the interests of the poor. Livestock are extremely important in Ethiopia and could play a key role in pro-poor development strategy. Livestock are estimated to contribute to the livelihoods of 60-70% of the Ethiopian population. There have been several negative livestock-related trends over the past 20-30 years, however, including a decline in: national and per capita production of livestock products, official livestock and livestock product exports and earnings from exports, and per capita consumption of food from livestock origin.   The study used the key informant method supplemented with official...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Ethiopia; Political economy; Policy-making; Livestock; Pro-poor livestock policies; Livestock marketing; Livestock exports; Unofficial livestock marketing and exports; Cross border trade; SPS standards; Animal health services; Pastoralists; Pastoral areas; Pastoral development; Settling pastoralists; Highland areas; Urban and peri-urban areas; Land tenure; Governance; Decentralization; Civil society; Conflict mitigation; Political feasibility; Livestock Production/Industries; Political Economy.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23770

Irrigation Kuznets  Curve, governance and dynamics of irrigation development: A global cross-country analysis from 1972 to 1991
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bhattarai,   Madhusudan.
This report verifies the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis for irrigation. The EKC hypothesis suggests for an inverse U-shaped (or concave) relationship between the level of environmental degradation and income in a given society. The EKC hypothesis also implies that some form of environmental deterioration appears inevitable during the initial stage of development, but subsequent increases in the societal income would generate enough incentives to improve the environmental quality. In line with this reasoning, the EKC relationship for irrigation (referred to here as Irrigation Kuznets Curve, or IKC) hypothesizes that the demand for irrigation is greater at the initial stage of development and that irrigation demand declines as societal income...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Models; Economic aspects; Irrigated farming; Income; Policy; Governance; Productivity; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Institutional and Behavioral Economics.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43246

Bridging, Linking, and Bonding Social Capital in Collective Action: The Case of Kalahan Forest Reserve in the Philippines
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dahal,   Ganga Ram; Adhikari,   Krishna Prasad.
This paper seeks to identify the factors which are responsible for successful management of natural resources when communities are given opportunities to manage those resources. Applying the social capital framework, it analyzes empirical data from the well known case of Kalahan Educational Foundation, the Philippines. The study confirms previous findings, which have emphasized the high level of cohesion and traditional norms among a homogeneous community of indigenous peoples (bonding social capital) as a success factor. This study further identifies that for effective management of collective action, mobilization of bridging and linking social capital are equally important as they do not only help mobilize external resources but, at times, also promote...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Kalahan PO; Philippines; Bonding; Bridging; Linking Social Capital; Governance; Collective Action; Labor and Human Capital; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44352

Pricing an Extension Service for Organic Farmers and Growers
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Parminter,   Terry G.; Botha,   Neels; Tanner,   Jon.
The organics sector is expanding rapidly and the Board of Organics Aotearoa New Zealand considers that the future provision of an extension service is needed to underpin the ability of producers to efficiently convert to organic systems and then to further develop the sustainability of their systems. This project commissioned by Organics Aotearoa New Zealand in 2008 considers four possible organisational structures for delivering such a service. The first possible structure is a complete extension service for organic producers that combines national coordination, standard setting and information management with a local problem-solving and sector development service. Option 2 is a more centralised option, especially useful for producers at the beginning of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Organic; Extension; Governance; Funding; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96947

Is the Facilitation of Sustainable Market Access Achievable?   Design and Implementation Lessons from Armenia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gow,   Hamish R.; Shanoyan,   Aleksan.
Over the past three decades the globalization in agri-food sector has been accompanied by a dramatic restructuring, liberalization and privatization of markets often with serious adverse consequences for small farmers in developing and transition countries. Consequently, governments and the international donor community have markedly shifted their development policies from traditional technology transfer approaches towards more market-driven approaches of linking farmers to markets. The international agricultural development literature has begun exploring the appropriate structure of third-party facilitated institutions and enforcement mechanisms to support linking small farmers to markets. Based upon a series of long-term qualitative and quantitative...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Market Linkages; Small Farmers; Institutions; Governance; Enforcement; Armenia; Agricultural and Food Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Political Economy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90818

Beyond Economic Instruments - Social Capital, Governance and Rural Institutional Innovation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Murray,   Catherine.
Economic instruments, or market based instruments try to bring market advantages to social dilemma situations, where private actions do not lead to socially optimal outcomes. Economic instruments try to redress such market failure. They try to create incentives for firms and individuals to act in the public interest. Such situations can be regarded as ‘social dilemma’. An alternative mechanism to solve social dilemma is to use cooperation amongst individuals, by facilitating and utilising social capital. The use of social capital is remains largely underexplored as a policy option, although this trend is changing, most notably in European rural development. Using evidence from research conducted on agricultural and rural institutions in central and Eastern...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Social capital; Institutions; Governance; Central and eastern Europe; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Political Economy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96662

Participatory Modelling and Decision Support for Natural Resources Management in Climate Change Research
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Giupponi,   Carlo; Mysiak,   Jaroslav; Sgobbi,   Alessandra.
The ever greater role given to public participation by laws and regulations, in particular in the field of environmental management calls for new operational methods and tools for managers and practitioners. This paper analyses the potentials and the critical limitations of current approaches in the fields of simulation modelling (SM), public participation (PP) and decision analysis (DA), for natural resources management within the context of climate change research. The potential synergies of combining SM, PP and DA into an integrated methodological framework are identified and a methodological proposal is presented, called NetSyMoD (Network Analysis – Creative System Modelling – Decision Support), which aims at facilitating the involvement of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Modelling; Public Participation; Natural Resource Management; Policy; Decision-Making; Governance; DSS; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q5.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6375

GOVERNANÇA NA CADEIA PRODUTIVA AGROINDUSTRIAL DO LEITE EM ROLIM DE MOURA - RO
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Souza,   Mariluce Paes De; Souza,   Dercio Bernardes de; Maia,   Moacyr Boris Rodrigues; Scheidt Junior,   Ademar; Amin,   Mario Miguel.
Neste trabalho tem-se como objetivo caracterizar a estrutura de governança da cadeia produtiva do leite em Rolim de Moura, município do Estado de Rondônia, sob a perspectiva da economia dos custos de transação. Para atingir tal objetivo, realizou-se uma investigação descritiva e uma pesquisa de campo envolvendo todos os segmentos dessa cadeia. Nesse aspecto, observou-se que na região a maioria das estruturas de governança entre os atores presentes ocorre via mercado em função, principalmente, no caso do produtor com a indústria processadora, da confiança construída ao longo do tempo e do conhecimento da atividade. Entretanto, é de se ressaltar que embora essa confiança e conhecimento tem permitido a sustentação de vantagens competitivas das empresas na...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Economia dos Custos de Transação; Governança; Cadeias Produtivas; Economic Cost of Transaction; Governance; Chains Production; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109710

Cooperative Performance and Board of Director Characteristics: A Quantitative Investigation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Keeling Bond,   Jennifer J.
Previous cooperative governance literature has relied primarily on qualitative data to recommend change.   Using data provided by the USDA-Rural Business and Cooperative Services Agency (RBS) and collected from cooperative top managers we find statistical evidence that various board of director characteristics do affect a range of cooperative financial measures.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Governance; Finance; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19314

The Effects of Trade Liberalization of the Environment: An Empirical Study
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: McCarney,   Geoffrey R.; Adamowicz,   Wiktor L.
We seek to contribute to the emerging economic theory on trade, the environment and development. Using panel data across countries, econometric models are estimated to predict the effects of openness on organic water pollutant (BOD) and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Results indicate that freer trade significantly increases emissions of both pollutants, thus reducing environmental quality. Moreover, the panel nature of the data allows heterogeneity across countries to be controlled, so that comparisons can be made of how different national characteristics influence the environmental impact of freer trade. By testing the effects of democratic versus autocratic governance, it is found that while greater democracy can induce significant reductions in BOD...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Trade; Environment; Growth; Pollution; Governance; Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Relations/Trade; C23; Q53; Q56.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25297

RDP capacities, changing governance styles and the new challenges
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dwyer,   Janet; Pereira,   Sandrina; Mikk,   Merit; Peepson,   Argo; Thomson,   Kenneth J.
CAP Pillar 2 policies and Rural Development Programmes (RDPs) reflect a broad range of governance styles and policy priorities, as well as significant devolution to regions and/or provinces within Member States. The processes supporting this new style of policymaking have become increasingly differentiated. The Europe 2020 document identifies significant “new challenges” facing the EU’s rural areas, notably climate change, sustainable water management and renewable energy generation. All of these “new challenges” impinge on EU rural development policies, and imply a need for significant shifts in priorities and actions. This paper draws from recent research carried out within the RuDI project, to analyse the capacity of the current Pillar 2 approach to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Rural development policy; Governance; New challenges; Targeting; Adaptation; Community/Rural/Urban Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94913

Governance and Performance of Microfinance Institutions in Central and Eastern Europe and the Newly Independent States
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hartarska,   Valentina M.
This paper presents the first evidence on the impact of board diversity and independence, and management compensation on outreach and sustainability of microfinance institutions in Central and Eastern Europe and the Newly Independent States. Results indicate that board diversity improves both outreach and sustainability while larger and less independent boards lower sustainability. Performance-based compensation is not effective in aligning the interest of managers and stakeholders, and underpaying managers reduces outreach.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Governance; Microfinance; Board of directors; Managerial compensation; Financial Economics.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24568

The Efficacy of Parochial Politics: Caste, Commitment, and Competence in Indian Local Governments
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Munshi,   Kaivan; Rosenzweig,   Mark R.
Parochial politics is typically associated with poor leadership and low levels of public good provision. This paper explores the possibility that community involvement in politics need not necessarily worsen governance and, indeed, can be efficiency enhancing when the context is appropriate. Complementing the new literature on the role of community networks in solving market problems, we test the hypothesis that strong traditional social institutions can discipline the leaders they put forward, successfully substituting for secular political institutions when they are ineffective. Using new data on Indian local governments at the ward level over multiple terms, and exploiting the randomized election reservation system, we find that the presence of a...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Politics; Commitment; Governance; International Development; Political Economy; H11; H44; O12.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43523

New modes of governance of cooperative arrangements in agricultural markets: The case of Polish producer groups
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Banaszak,   Ilona; Beckmann,   Volker.
The cooperative movement in Poland has a long but difficult history. The socialistic regime introduced a command and control system into cooperatives which was destructive to their self-governing functions and eventually led to a lack of member involvement. There was a mass neglecting and abandonment after the transformation in particular of rural cooperatives. Nonetheless, in the early 1990s the first farmers’ cooperative marketing organizations, called agricultural producer groups, appeared on the market. They are bottom-up, voluntary organizations whose main purpose is to jointly sell their members’ output Although producer groups functions similarly to marketing cooperatives, farmers establishing producer groups have been choosing other legal forms...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Co-operatives; Governance; Organizational choice; Poland; Producer groups; Socialist legacy; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53269

Water governance in the Mekong region: the need for more informed policy-making
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: International Water Management Institute (IWMI).
Recurring water crises, global water initiatives, and demands for water reforms by development banks, have all pushed water up the agenda of most Mekong-region countries. Many changes have already been made. Now decision makers need to know what has worked, what hasn’t, and why. To find out, IWMI has reviewed new water policies, plans and laws, and assessed participation, the new water ‘apex bodies’, and integrated water resources management (IWRM). The findings show that top-down state policies based on ‘blueprints’ are widely applied in a one-size-fits-all approach, without taking local realities into account. Water planning is still largely expert-driven, and focused on procedures and targets. There is little room for decision-making that is based on...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Water management; River basins; Governance; Policy making; Planning; Water law; Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113061

Managing Conflict Over Natural Resources in Greater Kordofan, Sudan: Some Recurrent Patterns and Governance Implications
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Siddig,   El Fatih Ali; El-Harizi,   Khalid; Prato,   Bettina.
Despite the 2005 Comprehensive Peace Agreement, which brought to an end 20 years of civil war in the Sudan, this country continues to experience smaller-scale conflicts, particularly around access to and control of natural resources. Some observers lay the blame for this on ethnopolitical or tribal divisions. However, this paper argues that there are a variety of factors at play behind these conflicts, notably the combination of resource scarcity with a crisis of governance that is particularly evident in transitional areas like the Kordofan region. To gain a sense of the range of conflicts around natural resources in Kordofan, the authors reviewed existing records such as government archives; conducted interviews with politicians, federal and state...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Conflict management; Natural resource management; Small farmers; Land use; Livelihoods; Public spending; Infrastructure; Property rights; Governance; Sustainability; Sudan; East Africa; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42402

Irrigation and water policies in the Mekong region: Current discourses and practices
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Molle,   Francois.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Water resource management; Water policy; Water law; Participatory management; Irrigation management; River basins; Governance; South East Asia; Thailand; Cambodia; Laos; Vietnam; Myanmar; China; Mekong Region; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; Political Economy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53062

Does good governance contribute to pro-poor growth? a review of the evidence from cross-country studies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Resnick,   Danielle; Birner,   Regina.
Even though both “good governance” and “pro-poor growth” have become important concepts in development thinking and practice, studies that assess to which extent and how good governance contributes to pro-poor growth are still relatively scarce. After reviewing the two concepts, this paper develops a conceptual framework that specifies the linkages between different aspects of governance and pro-poor growth. Using this framework, the paper reviews a range of quantitative cross-country studies that include measures of governance as independent variables and focuses on the dependent variable in at least two of the three dimensions of pro-poor growth: poverty, inequality, and growth. The review shows that governance indicators that capture a sound...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Governance; Pro-poor growth; Cross-country studies; International Development.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55404

FARM RESTRUCTURING AND EFFICIENCY IN TRANSITION: EVIDENCE FROM BULGARIA AND HUNGARY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mathijs,   Erik; Vranken,   Liesbet.
Based on survey data on Bulgarian and Hungarian crop and dairy farms, a double-peaked distribution of technical efficiency is observed.  Several factors explain differences in efficiency.  Human capital matters not only through age and education, but also through gender as farms with a higher share of women are more efficient.  Contracting with upstream processors increased efficiency through facilitating the adoption of technology and the access to credits.  The superiority of family farms over corporate farms is confirmed for crops but not for dairy.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Eastern Europe; Bulgaria; Hungary; Technical efficiency; Land tenure; Governance; Agribusiness; Farm Management; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21886

Grower representation and its impact on the governance structure of the Australian Grains Industry
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Farrell,   Terence C.
The Australian wheat industry has changed considerably in structure and governance during the past 15 years. The most important changes have been the deregulation of the domestic market and privitisation of the former Australian Wheat Board into AWB Limited. Through these changes growers have become shareholders in the various companies. Governance of the monopolistic relationship between AWB Limited and AWB International by the Federal Minister of Agriculture and the Grains Council of Australia through the Wheat Export Authority has proved ineffective. Hence a national organisation that represents shareholders is recommended to increase grower governance of the supply chain and marketing of wheat.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Grain; Marketing; Infrastructure; Competition; Governance; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Marketing.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58447

Value Chains and Chains of Values: Tracing Tanzanian Tea
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Loconto,   A.
The objective of this paper is to examine value chain governance through case studies of four different certified value chains for Tanzanian tea. This paper takes a look at a traditional export commodity, tea, and discusses the implications of involvement in value-based certification schemes (Ethical Trading Initiative, Fairtrade, Organic and Rainforest Alliance) on certified producers in Tanzania. Each of these certification schemes makes claims on specific values that it is instilling in a particular ‘value chain’. This paper specifically analyses the network construction of each certified value chain and answers the questions: 1) which actors are involved in each value chain, 2) which values are claimed as organizing principles of these value chains,...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Certification; Governance; Global Value Chains; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95057

Structural change in the EU dairy sector
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Peerlings,   Jack H.M.; Polman,   Nico B.P.; Krol,   Noortje.
The aim of this paper to determine how structure and governance in the dairy sector in four different regions in the European Union alter as a result of the change in EU’s dairy policy. For this purpose two models of structural change are developed and interviews are held. Results differ between the regions depending on whether or not they are export oriented, their growth in farm size and farm exit rates.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Structural change; Dairy policy; Governance; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61088

Combining cluster and value chain approaches to analyze the competitiveness of fresh vegetables producers: case studies in Germany, Italy and Spain
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Riedel,   Bettina; Bokelmann,   Wolfgang; Canavari,   Maurizio.
European producers of fresh vegetables are under pressure to improve their performance in order to increase competitiveness. Innovative products and processes and competitive advantage can be gained by the creation and use of unique resources as an outcome of cooperation between producers and complementary actors in local clusters. However, locally clustered producers do not sell to open markets but instead need access to value chains governed by lead firms: the large European retail chains, which decide the rules and conditions of participation. The study claims the necessity to combine aspects from cluster theory with ideas from global value chain approach to discover elements in European fresh vegetable business that could enable local producers to gain...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Fresh vegetables; Clusters; Global value chains; Knowledge; Competitiveness; Governance; Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58121

Hub-and-Spokes Free-Trade-Agreements in the Presence of Technology Spillovers: An Application to the Western Hemisphere
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Das,   Gouranga Gopal; Andriamananjara,   Soamiely.
Using a comparative-static general equilibrium model and in the context of the western hemisphere, this paper compares the economic effects of a "hub-and-spokes (HAS)" type of bilateral trade configuration (with Chile being the hub) with those of a more comprehensive regional FTA (namely, the FTAA). The model is augmented to account for the possibility of technology spillovers and its effective assimilation among participating economies. In particular, absorptive capacity, governance factor, proximity and socio-institutional congruence conjointly determine an economy's capacity to capture the technology that is transmitted from developed spoke US to other regions.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Hub and spokes; Free trade areas; Technology transfer; Absorption; Governance; Welfare; Preference dilution; International Relations/Trade; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; D58; F16; O4.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15870

Agriculture in a Water-Scarce World
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gilmour,   Brad; Jotanovic,   Aleksandar; Gurung,   Rajendra Kumar; Polcyn,   Tania; Deng,   Hugh.
With a relatively small population and 7% of the world's available freshwater resources, Canada is well placed for a world of water scarcity where the real value of water in its many uses becomes more and more apparent.  However, action is necessary to ensure that Canada continues to benefit from the social, economic and environmental goods and services derived from water resources. Experience and analysis suggests that policy and incentives play critical roles in the sustainable exploitation of natural resources. In particular, properly valuing water in all its forms and uses appears to be critical.   Analysis abroad has underlined the benefits of clearly delineating the roles of regulators, resource managers, infrastructure operators and service...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Water; Governance; Scarcity; Incentives; Sustainability; Valuation; Accountability; Transparency; Environmental Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Relations/Trade; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46689

FORMAS PLURAIS DE GOVERNANÇA NO COMPLEXO AGROINDUSTRIAL CITRÍCOLA: ESTUDO DE CASO NA MICRORREGIÃO DE BEBEDOURO
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mello,   Fabiana Ortiz T.; Paulillo,   Luiz Fernando.
O Complexo Agroindustrial Citrícola constitui um exemplo muito interessante de interação entre formas de governança. O mesmo produtor coordena suas transações de venda de laranja para os agentes dos canais de comercialização de várias formas, situação que na teoria é chamada de formas plurais ou mix contratual. Nas vendas para os compradores que destinam a fruta para o consumo in natura ele realiza transações baseadas no mercado spot. Já nas negociações com a indústria de suco predominam os contratos. O produtor pode, ainda, arrendar parte da capacidade ociosa de uma indústria para processar sua fruta e vender diretamente ao mercado (quase-integração) ou integrar a venda da fruta in natura, através de barracões (hierarquia). O objetivo principal deste...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Complexo agroindustrial citrícola; Governança; Formas plurais; Citrus agroindustrial complex; Governance; Plural forms; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108523

Are good ideas enough?: The impact of socio-economic and regulatory factors on GMO commercialisation
Provedor de dados: 48
Autores: Vàzquez-Salat,Núria.
In recent years scientific literature has seen an increase in publications describing new transgenic applications. Although technically-sound, these promising developments might not necessarily translate into products available to the consumer. This article highlights the impact of external factors on the commercial viability of Genetically Modified (GM) animals in the pharmaceutical and food sectors. Through the division of the production chain into three Policy Domains -Science, Market and Public- I present an overview of the broad range of regulatory and socio-economic components that impacts on the path towards commercialisation of GM animals. To further illustrate the unique combination of forces that influence each application, I provide an in-depth...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Genetically modified organisms; GM animals; Policy domains; Governance; Socio-economic factors.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602013000400002

Looking for consensual protection categories to reduce conservation conflicts in protected áreas
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Castro-Pardo,Mónica de; Pérez-Rodríguez,Fernando; Azevedo,João Carlos; Urios,Vicente.
ABSTRACT:  Decision-making in protected areas is often difficult due to an unclear definition of management objectives and indicators for their monitoring. This is frequently related to the coexistence of systems of protected areas at national and regional levels for which management objectives are ambiguous or that are not directly related to protected areas classification standards. In this study, we proposed a participative model based on PROMETHEE II to find consensual protected areas categories based on IUCN framework. This model involved the stakeholder’s assessments of management objectives in a protected area and their aggregation based on distance comparisons with objectives of international protected areas standards. The model was tested in the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Protected areas; Governance; Conservation goals; PROMETHEE II.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782019001200253