Consulta: subjectFacets:"Market structure"
Registros recuperados: 53
Data/hora: 12/06/2024 13:55:48

Information on sellers and buyers characteristics: added value to explain price formation at primary fish markets in managed French scallop fisheries
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lesur-irichabeau, Gabrielle; Guyader, Olivier; Fresard, Marjolaine; Leroy, C.; Latouche, K.; Le Grel, L.
The aim of this article is to explore, through a hedonic approach, the factors that might explain the price variability for the French-managed fishery of scallop at primary fish markets. In addition to factors classically identified in the current literature like intrinsic product characteristics or markets situation, the characteristics of operators are tested. The relationships of loyalty between sellers and buyers, and market assiduity are notably considered.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Buyer and seller characteristics; Fisheries management; Hedonic price; Market behaviour; Market structure; Scallop; Q21; Q22; Q28; C10; L11.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00301/41252/40442.pdf

The Impact of Imports on Price-Cost Margins: An Empirical Illustration
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lopez,   Rigoberto A.; Lopez,   Elena.
This article decomposes the impact of imports on domestic price-cost margins into separate price and cost effects.  Using data from 24 food-processing industries, the empirical results show that although the direct impact of imports on prices is always negative, a positive net impact on price-cost margins occurs in industries characterized by low own-price elasticity of demand and diseconomies of scale. Further results show that the disciplining effect of imports is more preponderant the lower the degree of domestic competition.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Market power; Imports; Market structure; International trade; Food industry; Agribusiness; Demand and Price Analysis; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25153

Potential Harmonization of Supplier-Retailer Interests: The US Food Industry &amp; Comparisons with International Examples (PowerPoint)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Konig,   Gabor.
Seminar presented to USDA Economists Group, Washington, DC, USA 03 September 2008
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Market structure; Conflicts; Concentration; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; Marketing.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43764

Concentration in Hungarian Food Retailing and Supplier-Retailer Relationships
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Juhasz,   Aniko; Stauder,   Marta.
The paper is a summary about the Hungarian retail sector based on the results of different research projects completed in the last five years. From all of these studies and of course the wide ranging domestic and international literature we had to conclude that the retailers have become more and more the exclusive owner of the information about the consumers and with this they become the new "captains" of the food chain. Thus we always started our research with gathering information about the situation of the Hungarian retail sector because we believed if we want to help those who try to adapt (the suppliers) then we have to know much more about those who dictate (the retailers). Analysing the concentration in company and not branch level we can say that...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food retailing; Concentration; Market structure; Supplier-retailer relationships; Industrial Organization; D3; L81.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25766

Supply Chain Issues in China’s Milk Adulteration Incident
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gale,   H. Frederick, Jr.; Hu,   Dinghuan.
China’s melamine milk adulteration crisis highlights the challenges that arise as large well-capitalized companies procure raw materials from a diffused supply chain of scattered small farmers and milk collection stations. As milk prices climbed sharply in 2007 and companies branched out into new territories, intense competition for raw milk supplies strengthened incentives to water down and adulterate milk.  Effective food safety measures must account for incentives, the distribution of market power in the supply chain and market dynamics.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: China; Milk; Dairy industry; Food safety; Adulteration; Market structure; Supply chain; Agribusiness; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Industrial Organization; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51613

Economies of Scale in der Produktion versus Diseconomies im Transport: Zum Strukturwandel im Molkereisektor
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Boysen,   Ole; Schroeder,   Carsten.
In this article, we simulate structural change within the German dairy sector employing a sector-wide optimization model. As a result, we obtain cost minimizing structures of the dairy sector for various scenarios differentiated by time horizon and level of transportation cost. We demonstrate that the model is capable of explaining the current trend which is characterized by a decrease in the number of dairies while average capacity is increasing. However, this development is less pronounced if transportation cost rises relative to other costs.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Capacitated facility location problem; Market structure; Transportation; Agribusiness; Production Economics.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97183

ISSUES OF DEMAND SPECIFICATION AND INDUSTRY STRUCTURE IN TURKEYS AND BROILER CHICKENS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cheney,   Laura Martin; Brown,   A. Blake; Yamano,   Takashi; Masterovsky,   Michael.
Factors unique to the turkey industry suggest that conclusions concerning market structure and demand specification drawn from aggregate poultry data cannot necessarily be extrapolated to the turkey industry.  The Wu-Hausman endogeneity test is used to examine demand specifications and industry structure specifically for turkey meat.  In contrast to general poultry, quantity-not price-is found to be predetermined in demand models that use annual turkey data.  Quarterly demand analysis suggests this result stems from biological cycles that limit a producer's ability to react to price change and the use of a weighted average for determining price and quantity.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Demand analysis; Endogeneity; Market structure; Poultry industry; Turkeys; Demand and Price Analysis; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15290

An Econometric Analysis of Brand Level Strategic Pricing Between Coca Cola and Pepsi Inc.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dhar,   Tirtha Pratim; Chavas,   Jean-Paul; Cotterill,   Ronald W.; Gould,   Brian W.
Market structure and strategic pricing for leading brands sold by Coca Cola and Pepsi Inc. are investigated in the context of a flexible demand specification and structural price equations. This approach is more general than prior studies that rely upon linear approximations and interactions of an inherently nonlinear problem. We test for Bertrand equilibrium, Stackelberg equilibrium, collusion, and a general conjectural variation (CV) specification. This nonlinear Full Information Maximum Likelihood (FIML) estimation approach provides useful information on the nature of imperfect competition and the extent of market power.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Market structure; Strategic pricing; Conjectural variations; Price reaction; Carbonated soft drinks; Demand and Price Analysis.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25231

Assessing Competition in the U.S. Beef Packing Industry
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ward,   Clement E.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Beef; Cattle; Competition; Concentration; Market structure; Meatpacking; Pricing; Agribusiness; Livestock Production/Industries; L13; Q13.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94758

Quality and Competition: An Empirical Analysis across Industries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Crespi,   John M.; Marette,   Stephan.
This paper empirically explores the link between quality and concentration in a cross-section of manufactured goods. Using concentration data and product quality indicators, an ordered probit estimation explores the impact of concentration on quality that is defined as an index of quality characteristics. The results demonstrate that market concentration and quality are positively correlated across different industries. When industry concentration increases, the likelihood of the product being higher quality increases and the likelihood of observing a lower quality decreases.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Concentration; Market structure; Ordered probit; Product differentiation; Product quality; Industrial Organization.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18426

Uncertainty and Producer Fed Cattle Marketing Decisions: Theory and Evidence
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fausti,   Scott W.; Lange,   Brent.
This article has been submitted to the CJAE.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Quality uncertainty; Risk; Market structure; Slaughter cattle markets; Demand and Price Analysis; Livestock Production/Industries; Risk and Uncertainty; D40; D81; Q10.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/102692

Market Structure and Environmental Innovation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Montero,   Juan-Pablo.
This paper studies firms’ incentives to invest in environmental R&amp;D under different market structures (Cournot and Bertrand) and environmental policy instruments (emission standards, taxes, tradable permits and auctioned permits). Because of market strategic effects, R&amp;D incentives vary widely across market structures and instruments. For example, when firms’ products are strategic substitutes (i.e., Cournot), either emission standards, taxes or auctioned permits can provide the most incentives. But when firms’ products are strategic complements, either taxes or auctioned permits provide the most incentives. If markets are perfectly competitive, however, permits and emission standards offer similar incentives that are lower than those offered by...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Environment; Regulation; Market structure; Innovation; Marketing; Environmental Economics and Policy; L13; L50; Q28.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44294

Seed Cotton Market Structure and Cotton Sector Performance: Many Lessons but No Fixed Prescriptions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kelly,   Valerie A.; Tschirley,   David L.
Produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development under the WACIP project funded by USAID (Programme de Renforcement du Secteur Coton en Afrique de l'Ouest et du Centre
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Cotton; Seed; Market structure; Africa; Crop Production/Industries; Q13.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55360

WHAT CAN WE LEARN FROM THE ADM GLOBAL PRICE CONSPIRACIES?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Connor,   John M.
ADM was at the center of two large global price-fixing conspiracies.  Buyers were overcharged $116 to $378 million in the United States.  Market structure and corporate management style facilitated these cartels.  The criminal prosecutions and defendants' legal strategies were both laudatory, but civil plaintiffs were short-changed.  ADM has undergone severe management restructuring, but the effectiveness of apprehending global cartels with national legal enforcement is questionable.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Price fixing; Global cartel; Antitrust; Citric acid; Market structure; Structural change; Lysine; International trade; Archer Daniels Midland; Welfare analysis; Demand and Price Analysis.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28621

ESTRUTURA DE MERCADO DE PRODUTOS LÁCTEOS NO MUNICÍPIO DE LAVRAS, MG
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Borges,   Antonio Junior; Reis,   Ricardo Pereira; Reis,   Antonio Joao dos.
This study was carried out with the objective of characterizing the market structure and the commercialization of dairy products in the district of Lavras, MG, Brazil. For such study, agents were identified, their market conduct, and the prices paid and received were analyzed, as well as the volume of sales in the different market segments. It was verified that the products demanding greater technological resources, such as milk “longa vida” ( “long-life” or UHT milk ) and milk sweets are the ones that feature the largest commercialization margins. In the retail segment, supermarkets feature, in average, the lowest margins in relation to their competitors, especially “longa vida” milk. In the consumer market of milk, the sterilized product is the most...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Market structure; Commercialization; Dairy products.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43374

Which Broiler Part is the Best Part?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Goodwin,   Harold L., Jr.; McKenzie,   Andrew M.; Djunaidi,   Harjanto.
Predominance of production and marketing contracts in the broiler industry suggests a traditional analysis of price relationships might no longer be appropriate.  In this study, markets for broiler cuts are defined as spatial.  Results of a vector autoregressive regression analysis of monthly USDA data from 1987 to 2000 verify the price relationship between white meat and whole broiler prices.  Price shocks in the boneless skinless breast market have a greater effect than dark meat shocks, suggesting this market is most important in price transmission.  These results will assist industry participants to form more effective marketing and pricing strategies, thus adding efficiency to the market.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Broiler markets; Market structure; Marketing contracts; Price transmission; C4; D4; L1; Q0.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43151

Uncertainty and the Cost-Effectiveness of Regional NOx Emissions Reductions from Electricity Generation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Burtraw,   Dallas; Bharvirkar,   Ranjit; McGuinness,   Meghan.
This paper analyzes uncertainties surrounding the benefits and costs of a policy to reduce nitrogen oxides (NOX) emissions from electricity generation in the eastern United States. Under each of 18 scenarios examined, we find an annual policy would yield net benefits that are at least as great as those expected under the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) currently planned seasonal policy. Preferred (midpoint) assumptions yield additional benefits of $724 million per year under an annual policy compared to a seasonal one (1997 dollars). The subset of 11 northeastern states benefit the most from an annual policy relative to a seasonal one, but relative net benefits are also positive in the remaining states in the region. An annual policy...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Emissions trading; Electricity; Particulates; Nitrogen oxides; NOX; Health benefits; Market structure; Restructuring; Deregulation; Value of statistical life; Uncertainty; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q2; Q4.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10846

THE RUSSIAN AIRLINE INDUSTRY:CONTESTABLE MARKET OR…?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lukyanov,   Sergey; Tissen,   Elena; Kislyak,   Nadezda.
The authors, based on the complete survey of Russian airlines that was conducted in winter of 2006-2007, analyze essential entry-barriers in the industry, and econometrically estimate efficiency of methods for overcoming entry-barriers in the Russian PAI. They find that there are significant technological and behavioral entry-barriers in the industry. The paper doubts that this industry is contestable in contemporary Russia, although it is typically contestable in Europe and the USA. Econometric estimation of entry-barriers points that administrative barriers are the most significant restrictions of competition.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Entry-barriers; Airline industry; Contestable market; Market structure; International Development; Marketing; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; L1; L93.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94534

Price transmission along the food supply chain in the European Union
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bukeviciute,   Lina; Dierx,   Adriaan; Ilzkovitz,   Fabienne; Roty,   Guillaume.
Agricultural commodities and consumer food prices have experienced strong variations over the last 2 years, both upwards and downwards. This increased volatility, combined with long-term prospects of rising food prices, highlights the necessity to increase the efficiency of the food supply chain to ensure consumer food prices reflect the evolution of inputs prices. This paper aims at better understanding price transmission  mechanisms along the chain across European Union Member States. Significant differences across Member States in magnitude of pass-through of agricultural commodity prices variations to consumer prices, as well as price transmission asymmetries, suggest potential market fragmentation within the EU. Country-specific regulatory frameworks,...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food; Regulation; Market structure; Competition; Pricing.; Financial Economics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57987

Estimation of Asymmetric Price Adjustment in the U.S. Soybean Trade Using Rolling TAR: The Relation with Market Structure
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nakajima,   Toru.
The threshold autoregressive (TAR) model by Enders and Granger (1998) and Enders and Siklos (2001) is a popular econometric model that estimates asymmetric price transmission (APT) with non-stationary time series data. However, empirical studies have not considered much the arbitrariness of sample period selection and possible temporal variation of parameters or asymmetry. The purpose of this study is to estimate the APT from the U.S. domestic soybean prices to the export prices using the TAR model, and to trace the changes of APT using rolling woindow methodology of TAR. Another purpose is to analyze the relation between the APT and the market structure in the world soybean trade. The hypothesis is that the APT was positive, which means that the U.S....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Asymmetric price transmission; TAR model; Rolling window; U.S. soybeans; Market structure; Demand and Price Analysis; Industrial Organization; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103403

Modeling Differentiated Quality Standards in the Agri-Food Sector: The Case of Meat Trade in the EU
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rau,   Marie-Luise; van Tongeren,   Frank W.
This paper looks at trade impacts of quality related standards from the supply side of the exporting country. We argue that food quality standards imposed by an importing country have profound effects on the market structure of the exporting industry, and hence a significant impact on the supply response. For our analysis, we develop a stylized oligopoly model that allows for the co-existence of complying and non-complying suppliers. The model is applied to two alternative policy options to explore different mechanisms an importing county may use to enhance the quality of its imports. We take the Polish meat sector as an empirical example, since after Poland's accession to the EU the tight EU food quality standards indeed apply but the process of adjusting...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food quality standards; Trade; Market structure; Poland; Meat sector; Oligopoly; International Relations/Trade; Livestock Production/Industries; Q17; Q18; L1.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25739

Economics, Ecology and GMOs: Sustainability, Precaution and Related Issues
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.
Ecological, evolutionary and economic issues involved in introducing genetically modified organisms (GMOs), mainly in agriculture, are discussed. The ecological and evolutionary impacts identified hamper (economic) valuation of GMOs and their biosafety regulation and creates difficulties for planning for sustainable development. Assessment of the desirability of releasing GMOs is difficult because of lack of communal agreement about the risks involved, about how much precaution should be exercised given collective risks, and disagreement on the appropriate social criterion to apply. Changes in legal liability are not always economic and cannot eliminate the social conflict generated by GMOs. The economics of developing and marketing GMOs is explored,...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; Biosafety; Genetically modified organisms; GMOs; Intellectual property rights; Market structure; Sustainable development; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122726

The Effects of the Micro-Market Structure for Kansas Grain Elevators on Spatial Grain Price Differentials
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: O'Brien,   Daniel M.
Corn and wheat cash prices in Kansas are affected by a number of local supply-demand, market structure, transportation access and other factors. Kansas corn prices in 2008 were affected by form of business organization, local feedgrain production and livestock feed usage, elevator storage capacity, access to railroad grain handling facilities, and to a limited degree by the number of competitors in local markets. Geographic proximity to grain ethanol plants did not have a positive impact on local corn prices, although a number of mitigating factors may exist. Kansas wheat prices in 2008 were affected by local wheat production, elevator storage capacity, the number of competitors in local markets, and by location relative to flour mills. Evidence of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Grain markets; Market structure; Grain ethanol; Wheat flour; Monopsonistic competition; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Marketing; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53041

Agricultural Contracting Update:  Contracts in 2003
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: MacDonald,   James M.; Korb,   Penelope J.
Marketing and production contracts covered 39 percent of the value of U.S. agricultural production in 2003, up from 36 percent in 2001 and a substantial increase over estimated values of 28 percent for 1991 and 11 percent in 1969. Large farms are far more likely to contract than small farms; in fact, contracts cover over half of the value of production from farms with at least $1 million in sales. Although use of both production and marketing contracts has grown over time, growth is more rapid for production contracts, which are largely used for livestock.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Contracts; Contracting; Marketing contracts; Production contracts; Vertical integration; Vertical coordination; Market structure; Risk analysis; Price signals; Industrial Organization; Marketing.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33903

Research Investments and Market Structure in the Food Processing, Agricultural Input, and Biofuel Industries Worldwide
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fuglie,   Keith O.; Heisey,   Paul W.; King,   John L.; Day-Rubenstein,   Kelly A.; Schimmelpfennig,   David E.; Wang,   Sun Ling.
Meeting growing global demand for food, fiber, and biofuel requires robust investment in agricultural research and development (R&amp;D) from both public and private sectors. This study examines global R&amp;D spending by private industry in seven agricultural input sectors, food manufacturing, and biofuel and describes the changing structure of these industries. In 2007 (the latest year for which comprehensive estimates are available), the private sector spent $19.7 billion on food and agricultural research (56 percent in food manufacturing and 44 percent in agricultural input sectors) and accounted for about half of total public and private spending on food and agricultural R&amp;D in high-income countries. In R&amp;D related to biofuel, annual...
Tipo: Technical Report
Palavras-chave: Agricultural biotechnology; Agricultural chemicals; Agricultural inputs; Animal breeding; Animal health; Animal nutrition; Aquaculture; Biofuel; Concentration ratio; Crop breeding; Crop protection; Farm machinery; Fertilizers; Herfindahl index; Globalization; Market share; Market structure; Research intensity; Seed improvement; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120324

Price Transmission in Serbian Milk Commodity Chain
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Popovic,   Rade; Radovanov,   Boris.
Paper presented at Challenges for Analysis of the Economy, the Businesses and Social Progress International Scientific Conference, Szeged, Hungary, November 19-21, 2009
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Price transmission; Milk and milk products; Milk supply chain; Market structure; Agribusiness; Demand and Price Analysis; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/101804

MARKET COMPETITION AND METROPOLITAN-AREA GROCERY PRICES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Binkley,   James K.; Connor,   John M.
This paper examines the relationship of 1987 retail grocery prices to supermarket sales concentration across 95 U.S. metropolitan areas.  The regression model incorporates a large number of population, retail-cost, and retail competition factors and separate prices by type of grocery item.  We find that the concentration-price relationship is sensitive to item type: positive for packaged, branded, dry groceries and unrelated for produce, meat, and dairy product prices.  As for market rivalry, we find that small grocery stores provide no grocery price competition for supermarkets. However, branded grocery prices are driven down by fast-food places and by rapid price churning, whereas for unbranded foods the presence of warehouse stores places downward...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Retail grocery trade; Pricing policy; Variable price merchandising; Market competition; Category management; Market structure; Sales concentration; Price discrimination; Price rivalry; Oligopoly; Food demand; Food prices; Consumer/Household Economics.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25988

Some approaches to the analysis of market structure's impact in milk commodity chain
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Novak,   Petr.
The nowadays development in agribusiness can be characterised as shifting of power to the finalising levels and distribution in food commodity chains, which influence as well as form competitive environment of farm and also food-processing companies. The dependence of producers (farmers) on finalising stage is increasing, as well as the risk is transferred and the marked power is enforced in food commodity chains. Those factors are changing proportions, conditions of approach and share of individual stages of commodity chain on value added launched in final product. Possible approach to the identification of market power within food commodity chains is the approach based on price transmission analysis; inelastic price transmission (especially in case of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Commodity chain; Market structure; Milk and milk products; Price transmission; Value added; Agribusiness; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7822

Structure of Dairy Markets: Past, Present, Future
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Manchester,   Alden C.; Blayney,   Donald P.
The U.S. dairy industry, many segments of which supported dairy policy changes in the 1996 Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act, is much different than it was 20 or even 10 years ago. This report provides a historical overview of the industry, more detailed examinations of the fluid milk market and selected manufactured dairy product markets, a discussion of future prospects and trends in the industry, and some thoughts on the implications of those prospects and trends for dairy farmers and their organizations, processors, dairy product manufacturers, and retailers.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Dairy; Butter; Cheese; Nonfat dry milk; Market structure; Pricing; Competition; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33929

STATE TRADING ENTERPRISES IN A DIFFERENTIATED ENVIRONMENT: THE CASE OF GLOBAL MALTING BARLEY MARKETS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dong,   Fengxia; Marsh,   Thomas L.; Stiegert,   Kyle W.
The lack of transparency in the pricing and operational activities of state trading enterprises (STEs) has caused members of the World Trade Organization to express concern that certain countries' STEs might circumvent Uruguay Round commitments on export subsidies, domestic support, or market access. The purpose of this study is to examine the market structure of the differentiated world malting barley market in which two STEs (the Canadian Wheat Board and the Australian Barley Board) maintain jointly a very large share of the export market. In particular, this study focuses on the exclusive procuring and pricing policies used by both STEs to test if these intra-country mechanisms can generate leadership and shift rent from other exporting countries. A...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Malting barley; Market structure; Prepayment system; Product differentiation; Rent shifting; State trading enterprises (STEs).; Crop Production/Industries; Marketing.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18334

Changes and Actual State of Mongolian Meat Market and Distribution System: A Case Study of Ulaanbaatar City's "Khuchit Shonhor" Food Market
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Maytsetseg,   Baljinnyam; Riichiro,   Iizawa.
With changes in the consumption pattern of meat, increases in urban population and underdeveloped distribution system after the collapse of the planned economy, there are increasing problems in meat supply and distribution in Mongolia, particularly in the capital city Ulaanbaatar. This paper examines the stages of meat distribution focusing on Khuchit Shonhor food market. Two types of informal wholesalers are identified; wholesalers who buy meat from nomads and transport it to the market in Ulaanbaatar, and wholesalers in the market who buy this meat and sell it to retailers operating within the market. It is assumed that the later wholesaler type has a stronger influence in price setting.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Mongolia; Meat market; Market structure; Meat distribution; Prices; Livestock Production/Industries; D3; D4; Q13.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25528

Alternative Model Selection Using Forecast Error Variance Decompositions in Wholesale Chicken Markets
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: McKenzie,   Andrew M.; Goodwin,   Harold L., Jr.; Carreira,   Rita I.
Although Vector Autoregressive models are commonly used to forecast prices, specification of these models remains an issue. Questions that arise include choice of variables and lag length. This article examines the use of Forecast Error Variance Decompositions to guide the econometrician’s model specification. Forecasting performance of Variance Autoregressive models, generated from Forecast Error Variance Decompositions, is analyzed within wholesale chicken markets. Results show that the Forecast Error Variance Decomposition approach has the potential to provide superior model selections to traditional Granger Causality tests.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Broiler markets; DAGs; Forecasting; Market structure; VAR; Agribusiness; Demand and Price Analysis; Livestock Production/Industries; Risk and Uncertainty; C53; D4; L1; Q00.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48750

TARIFF RATE IMPORT QUOTAS, DOMESTIC MARKET STRUCTURE AND AGRICULTURAL SUPPORT PROGRAM: THE CASE OF TAIWANESE RICE IMPORT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chang,   Hung-Hao; de Gorter,   Harry.
After joining the WTO in 2002, Taiwan allowed rice imports for the first time by implementing an import quota subject to a special safeguard tariff.  In 2003, the import quota was expanded to a two-tier tariff rate import quota system.  Although Taiwan maintained land set-asides and domestic support prices for producer sales to the State Trading Enterprise, the latter was limited to importing only 65 percent of the import quota with the rest sold to private traders.  This sudden transformation of the Taiwanese import regime and rice market along with the government proposal for a "strategic alliance" amongst traders highlights the importance of studying the effects of policy reforms in the framework of imperfect domestic market structure.  The purpose of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Tariff rate quota; Strategic alliance; Domestic support; Market structure; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36274

The Biotechnology Sector: "Bounds" to Market Structure
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sheldon,   Ian M.
This paper examines whether it makes sense to consider Sutton's "bounds" approach as a candidate theory for explaining the recent evolution of market structure in the biotechnology sector, and to speculate whether market structure will change if the industry begins to introduce second-generation GM products that are of more direct benefit to consumers.  A key result is that the market structure is bounded in the presence of endogenous sunk costs, implying care should be taken when inferring any correlation between R&amp;D expenditure and seller concentration in the biotechnology sector.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Market structure; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; L1; L11.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6078

The Minimum Safety Standard, Consumers' Information, and Competition
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Marette,   Stephan.
This paper explores the effects of a standard influencing care choice. Firm(s) may increase the probability of offering safe products by incurring a cost. Under duopoly, they compete either in prices or in quantities. Under perfect information about safety for consumers, the selected standard that corrects a safety underinvestment is always compatible with competition. Safety overinvestment only emerges under competition in quantities and relatively low values of the cost. Under imperfect information about safety for consumers, the standard leads to a monopoly situation. However, for relatively large values of the cost, a standard cannot impede the market failure coming from the lack of information.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Information; Market structure; Safety; Standard; Consumer/Household Economics.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18429

THE EFFECTS OF THE MICRO-MARKET STRUCTURE ON ILLINOIS ELEVATOR SPATIAL CORN PRICE DIFFERENTIALS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wenzel,   Benjamin P.; Hill,   Lowell D.; Garcia,   Philip.
Corn price differentials among Illinois elevators can often exceed transportation costs. Using primary data, we examine the effects of micro-market structure variables on the differentials in bids prices offered by Illinois elevators. Our findings suggest the existence of a highly developed, responsive market of competing firms, operating in an industry that can be characterized by monopsonistic competition, and to some extent by seasonally induced market power. Local supply conditions, firm productive efficiency, and their operating practices influence price differentials. Further, firm type, final market destination of the grain, and period of the marketing year affect price differentials.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Market structure; Corn price differentials; Marketing.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18927

ARCHER DANIELS MIDLAND: PRICE FIXER TO THE WORLD  (Third Edition)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Connor,   John M.
Both market structure and corporate practices of Archer Daniels Midland fostered the implementation of the largest price-fixing conspiracies seen in modern times. The overcharges imposed on U.S. buyers of lysine and citric acid during 1994-1995 by ADM and its co-conspirators amounted to at least $250 million, and the total amount of public penalties, private damages, and legal costs exceeds $740 million.  Perpetrators of price-fixing now face monetary exposures that are five times the amount of the harm caused to buyers.  These events have spurred renewed attention by U.S. antitrust authorities in prosecuting international cartels.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Price fixing; Lysine; Citric acid; Sweeteners; Wet-corn milling; Starch industry; Archer Daniels Midland; Market structure; Monopoly overcharge; Antitrust law; Legal damages; U.S. Department of Justice; Demand and Price Analysis.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28680

Retornos à escala e mercado competitivo: teoria e evidências empíricas
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alves,   Eliseu Roberto de Andrade.
The paper develops the concept of return to scale at an elementary level, but rigorously. It is argued that constant and increasing returns are incompatible with competitive markets, because they imply the convergence to few firms, and this is not the case for the real world. The main point is that average cost curve has the shape of a U, and, without restrictions, the firms converge to the branch of decreasing returns. If on the real world is detected increasing or constant returns, it suggests that it should be looked for the market imperfection that are the base of them. And results of increasing or constant returns of econometric models must be taken as a sign of market imperfections. Yet the knowledge of the market imperfections is crucial to design...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Return to scale; Market structure; Crops; Production Economics.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56784

POLICY ANALYSIS IN AN IMPERFECTLY COMPETITIVE MARKET: A CONJECTURAL VARIATIONS MODEL FOR THE FOOD MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Maier,   Leopold.
The effects of government policies are analyzed in a conjectural variations model of U.S. food manufacturing. The policy elasticities of the perfectly competitive model are valid predictors of policy effects irrespective of the type of oligopoly. Changes in the degree of competition may alter the magnitude of the policy elasticities.  Keywords: firm behavior, market structure, imperfect competition, conjectural variations model, policy analysis, food manufacturing
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Firm behavior; Market structure; Imperfect competition; Conjectural variations model; Policy analysis; Food manufacturing; Agribusiness; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 1990
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6878

ARCHER DANIELS MIDLAND: PRICE FIXER TO THE WORLD
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Connor,   John M.
Both market structure and corporate practices of Archer Daniels Midland fostered the implementation of the largest price- fixing conspiracies seen in modern times.  These events have spurred renewed attention by U.S. antitrust authorities in prosecuting international cartels.  The overcharges imposed on buyers of lysine and citric acid during 1994-1995 by ADM and its co-conspirators amounted to at least $200 million, and the total amount of public penalties, private damages, and legal costs exceeds $500 million. Perpetrators of price-fixing now face monetary exposures that are five times the amount of the harm caused to buyers.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Price fixing; Lysine; Citric acid; Sweeteners; Wet-corn milling; Starch industry; Archer Daniels Midland; Market structure; Monopoly overcharge; Antitrust law; Legal damages; U.S. Department of Justice; Demand and Price Analysis.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28653

Market Concentration of the Processed Food in Korea
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kim,   Sounghun.
In Korea, processed food markets have various shapes of structure: the markets of ice cream, special dietary food, noodles, sugar are highly concentrated, while the markets of gimchi, pickles, and ice are not very concentrated. The level of market concentration changes over time. These market structures and structural changes cause impacts on related industries as well as own industries. For the more successful policies, the paper suggests three ideas: to realize that each food processing industry has a different industry structure, to understand the relationship between the food processing industry and upstream and downstream industries and to take into account opinions  from various sources before adopting new policies.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Processed food market; Food processing industry; Market structure; Market concentration; CR4; CR10; Monopoly; Oligopoly; Korea; Korean; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45682

Structure des marchés du coton graine et performance du secteur coton : Plusieurs leçons mais pas de prescription de recommandations
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kelly,   Valerie A.; Tschirley,   David L.
Produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development under the WACIP project funded by USAID (Programme de Renforcement du Secteur Coton en Afrique de l'Ouest et du Centre
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Africa; Cotton; Seed; Market structure; Crop Production/Industries; Q13.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55361

Research on Chinese Agricultural Industrialization Based on SCP Mode
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Shen,   Li-zao.
Taking the SCP mode of industrial organization theory as the starting point, the paper analyzes Chinese agricultural market structure, market behavior and performance and draw lessons from foreign experiences in developing agriculture. In the process of agricultural industrialization, Chinese agricultural development exists the problems  of low intensive degree, low degree of differential products, surplus labor forces, low agricultural profit rate and low industrial contribution rate and farmers’ difficultly in adapting to market competition. The paper puts forward some suggestions for addressing the problems, which include underpinning the cooperation of operation main bodies and developing rural cooperative organizations; promoting land transfer and...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: SCP mode; Market structure; Market behavior; Market performance; Policy suggestion; China; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113477

Strategic Vertical Pricing in the U.S. Butter Market
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Du,   Ying; Stiegert,   Kyle W.
This article develops a methodology for empirically analyzing vertically strategic interactions in a multi-level supply channel. The model is used to analyze the vertical channel for U.S. butter manufacturing and retailing.  Aggregating products to the firm level and using a nonlinear AIDS demand system under alternative strategic pricing assumptions is estimated using full information maximum likelihood (FIML) for seven geographic markets from 1998-2002.  The market demand for butter was found to very price elastic.  Furthermore, cross price elasticities between private labels and the two large national brands were also very elastic. The selected market structure was one indicating category profit maximization of national brands (separate from private...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Vertical interaction; Market structure; Strategic pricing; Market power; AIDS model; Butter.; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Industrial Organization; L13; L22; L66.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51712

STRUCTURAL CHANGE IN THE U.S. MEAT AND POULTRY INDUSTRIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ollinger,   Michael; MacDonald,   James M.; Handy,   Charles R.; Nelson,   Kenneth E.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Market structure; Concentration; Meat industry; Poultry industry; Industrial Organization.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25935

Economic Value of Information: Wheat Protein Measurement
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Miao,   Ruiqing; Hennessy,   David A.
In this paper we study U.S. wheat farmers’ willingness to pay for near infrared (NIR) sensor that can segregates wheat grains according to their protein concentration. We first develop a microeconomic optimization model of wheat farmers’ segregating and commingling decisions. Then we use U.S. wheat prices and stocks to estimate a wheat protein stock demand system. This allows us to establish the effects of changes in the protein profile of wheat stocks on protein premiums. The paper’s simulation section combines the results from the microeconomic optimization model and from the econometric estimations to simulate wheat farmers’ WTP for the sorting technology. Preliminary findings from the simulation show that a typical hard red winter (hard red spring)...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Information; Economic value; Wheat; Protein; Market structure; Crop Production/Industries; Production Economics; Q12; Q16; D81.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103974

Product Differentiation on the Polish Pig Meat Market
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pieniadz,   Agata; Hockmann,   Heinrich.
This study deals with horizontal product differentiation in the Polish pig meat market. Hypothesis among firms behaviour are derived from an illustrative model and tested in an empirical analysis using data from 1991-1998. The empirical analysis suggest that product differentiation is a relevant phenomenon in the polish pig meat markets. In addition we found that costs and competitions are important factors influencing price variation. However, further influences like price discrimination and vertical product differentiation are also important determinants for product price variations.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Pricing; Market structure; Product quality; Marketing.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24959

MARKET STRUCTURE IN BIOTECHNOLOGY: IMPLICATIONS FOR LONG-RUN COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lavoie,   Brian F.; Sheldon,   Ian M.
A country specializing in a high technology industry may find that excess returns stemming from innovation are reallocated overseas as foreign-based multinationals access ongoing domestic R&amp;D through alliances with or acquisition of established domestic start-ups. Computer simulation illustrates this process in the context of the current US specialization in biotechnology. Keywords: Biotechnology, market structure, comparative advantage
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Market structure; Comparative advantage; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21835

Agricultural Market Structure, Generic Advertising, and Welfare
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cardon,   James H.; Pope,   Rulon D.
This analysis begins with a definition and discussion of productive advertising. Then, following Dixit and Norman, persuasive advertising is used to study the welfare effects of generic advertising by marketing orders. The study first examines horizontal competition when the competing advertiser is a monopoly, and results show that the socially optimal level of advertising for a competitive marketing order is positive only if advertising raises monopoly output. Next, advertising choices of a marketing order which sells its output to a monopolistic distributor are considered. If the distributor is a monopolist, then marketing order advertising raises welfare. This finding is in marked contrast to the results for the horizontal case studied by Dixit and...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Advertising; Market structure; Welfare; Marketing.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31098

Objectiveness in the Market for Third-Party Certification: Does market structure matter?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Anders,   Sven M.; Souza Monteiro,   Diogo M.; Rouviere,   Elodie.
The globalization of trade in high quality foods is stimulating the development of international food standards and certification systems. Third-party certification as evolved as a means of ensuring that product information and signals on quality and safety attributes are sound and reliable. Certification can only provide credible market signals if it operates objectively and independently. This paper investigates the potential trade-off between certifiers’ objectivity and the level of competition in the rapidly expanding market for third-party certification of quality foods. Based on a theoretical supply chain framework a nested panel analysis is applied to a set of accredited certifiers for the EurepGAP fruits and vegetables standard. Our results...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Third-party certification; Objectiveness; Market structure; Nested panel analysis; EurepGAP; Marketing.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7894

Endogenous R&amp;D Investment and Market Structure: A Case Study of the Agricultural Biotechnology Industry
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Anderson,   Benjamin; Sheldon,   Ian M.
Over the past three decades, the agricultural biotechnology sector has been characterized by rapid innovation, market consolidation, and a more exhaustive definition of property rights. The industry attributes consistently identified by the literature and important to this analysis include: (i) endogenous sunk costs in the form of expenditures on R&amp;D; (ii) seed and agricultural chemical technologies that potentially act as complements within firms and substitutes across firms; and (iii) property rights governing plant and seed varieties that have become more clearly defined since the 1970s. This paper adds to the stylized facts of the agricultural biotechnology industry to include the ability of firms to license technology, a phenomenon observed only...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Licensing; Market structure; R&amp;D; Agricultural biotechnology; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; L22; L24; Q16.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/107832

The Economic Value of Patents, Licenses, and Plant Variety Protection
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rausser,   Gordon C.; Small,   Arthur A.
While biotechnology creates new opportunities for agriculture, developments are impeded by confusion in the system for awarding intellectual property rights (IPRs) over agro-biotechnological innovations.  An intelligent redesign IPR system requires attention to how the definition of rights interacts with the market environment, generating incentives to create value.  A distinction is drawn between cost-reducing innovations that increase the efficiency of producing homogeneous outputs and value-adding innovations that create entirely new types of differentiated outputs.  A reform is proposed that would require the mandatory sublicensing of genes and certain core enabling technologies for creating genetically altered organisms.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Biotechnology; Intellectual Property; Market structure; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25023

The role of empirical research in the study of complex forms of governance in agroindustrial systems
Provedor de dados: 123
Autores: Monteiro,Guilherme Fowler A.; Saes,Maria Sylvia Macchione; Caleman,Silvia Morales de Queiroz; Zylbersztajn,Décio.
The growing complexity of supply chains poses new challenges for Agricultural Research Centers and statistical agencies. The aim of this perspective paper is to discuss the role of empirical research in understanding the complex forms of governance in agribusiness. The authors argue that there are three fundamental levels of analysis: (i) the basic structure of the market, (ii) the formal contractual arrangements that govern relations within the agroindustrial system and (iii) the transactional dimensions governed by non-contractual means. The case of the agrochemical industry in Brazil illustrates how traditional analyses that only address market structure are insufficient to fully explain the agricultural sector and its supply chain. The article...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Complex forms; Empirical research; Market structure; Contracts; Non-measurable attributes.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-20032012000400005