Consulta: subjectFacets:"Microbiology"
Registros recuperados: 396
Data/hora: 02/06/2024 08:35:30

Approaches for in silico finishing of microbial genome sequences
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Kremer,Frederico Schmitt; McBride,Alan John Alexander; Pinto,Luciano da Silva.
Abstract The introduction of next-generation sequencing (NGS) had a significant effect on the availability of genomic information, leading to an increase in the number of sequenced genomes from a large spectrum of organisms. Unfortunately, due to the limitations implied by the short-read sequencing platforms, most of these newly sequenced genomes remained as “drafts”, incomplete representations of the whole genetic content. The previous genome sequencing studies indicated that finishing a genome sequenced by NGS, even bacteria, may require additional sequencing to fill the gaps, making the entire process very expensive. As such, several in silico approaches have been developed to optimize the genome assemblies and facilitate the finishing process. The...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Microbial genetics; Molecular microbiology; Genomics; Microbiology; Draft genomes.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572017000400553

Fresh cut yam stored under different temperatures
Provedor de dados: 75
Autores: Donegá,Mateus Augusto; Tessmer,Magda Andréia; Mooz,Edinéia D; Dall'Orto,Luigi TC; Sasaki,Fabiana FC; Kluge,Ricardo Alfredo.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbiological, physiological and qualitative changes in fresh cut yam (Dioscorea alata) stored at different temperatures. The experimental design was completely randomized in factorial scheme 4x4, with four storage temperatures (5, 10, 15 and 20ºC) and four evaluation periods (0, 3, 6 and 9 days after processing) with four replications. The microbiological analyzes were performed at 0, 3 and 9 days after processing. Fresh cut yam stored at 5ºC kept respiration rate, ethylene production at low levels similar to those found in yam not processed and stored at 20ºC. The weight loss, lightness and psicotrophic bacteria counting in fresh cut yam stored at 5ºC were kept within the trading patterns until the third...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Dioscorea alata; Respiration; Ethylene; Microbiology.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-05362013000200012

Нефтяное загрязнение и микрофлора донных осадков
Provedor de dados: 13
Autores: Осадчая, Т. С.; Шадрина, Т. В.; Енина, Л. В.; Сосновская, Р. В.
Приведена характеристика соотношения различных показателей нефтяного загрязнения и численности гетеротрофных и нефтеокисляющих бактерий в донных осадках Севастопольской бухты (Чёрное море).
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Oil pollution; Microbiology; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4800.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://repository.ibss.org.ua/dspace/handle/99011/593

Utilização das técnicas de ELISA e BIOLOG para estudos de diversidade intra-específica em isolados de Azospirillum amazonense associados a diferentes espécies de brachiaria.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: REIS JUNIOR, F. B. dos; TEIXEIRA, K. R. dos S.; REIS, V. M.
ABSTRACT: This limitation of nitrogen is considered one of the most important factors influencing the Brazilian pastures degradation. However there are evidences that pastures formed by some species of the Brachiaria genus could be benefited by the biological fixation (BNF), guaranteeing a higher longevity to these pastures. Previous studies showed that the diazotrophic bacteria found in association with these forage grasses were mainly from the Azospirillum amazonense species. Since associations between these microorganisms and plants are generally conditioned by the vegetation, it is possible that different Brachiaria genotypes can exercise a selective effect on the Azospirillum populations. The aim of this work was to study the intra-specific diversity...
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Feed grasses.; Bactéria; Capim Brachiaria; Fixação de Nitrogênio; Gramínea Forrageira; Microbiologia do Solo.; Azospirillum amazonense; Nitrogen fixation; Microbiology; Soil.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/568168

Uso de parâmetros microbiológicos como indicadores para avaliar a qualidade do solo e a sustentabilidade dos agroecossistemas.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: MENDES, I. de C.; REIS JUNIOR, F. B. dos.
ABSTRACT: Every factor that has a negative impact on soil microorganisms sooner or later will reflect in a deterioration of soil chemical and physical properties specially, those related to soil organic matter losses. This paper was based on a talk presented at "The International Symposium of Indicators of Soil Quality" held on Marco Juarez-Argentina. Some of the aspects related to the concept of soil quality and biological indicators of soil quality, were reviewed. Results of the studies related to the characterization of soil microbial biomass, respiration and enzymes activities on different agroecosystems of the Cerrado region also are presented. Soil microbial biomass, microbial respiration, and the activities of soil enzymes (acid phosphatase,...
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Biiomassa; Microbial flora; Enzymic activity.; Atividade Enzimática; Bioquímica do Solo; Cerrado; Microbiologia do Solo; População Microbiana.; Biochemistry; Biomass; Microbiology; Soil.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/569604

Avaliação da pasteurização lenta do leite de cabra no controle de coliformes totais.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: EGITO, A. S. do; PINHEIRO, R. R.; FIGUEIREDO, E. A. P.
O trabalho teve por finalidade estudar a eficiencia da pasteurizacao lenta do leite de cabra, quantificada por meios de parametros bacteriologicos (colimetria), apos diversos tratamentos termicos do leite obtido sob condicoes higienicas e tradicionais.
Tipo: Boletim de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Coliformes fecais; Dairy hygiene.; Caprino; Leite de cabra; Pasteurização; Microbiologia de alimento; Higiene de alimento; Coliforme.; Goat milk; Microbiology; Pasteurization.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/514306

Atividade enzimática de um latossolo vermelho de cerrado sob sistemas integrados lavoura-pastagens.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: SILVA, L. G.; MENDES, I. de C.; ROLIM, L. F. S.; SANTOS, A. B.; REIS JÚNIOR, F. B.; VILELA, L.
bitstream/CPAC-2009/26830/1/p2005_38.pdf
Tipo: Fôlder / Folheto / Cartilha (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Microbial flora.; Bioquímica do Solo; Biomassa; Cerrado; Enzima; Microbiologia do Solo; População Microbiana.; Biochemistry; Biomass; Enzymes; Microbiology; Soil.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/569446

Microrganismos e disponibilidade de fósforo (P) nos solos: uma análise crítica.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: MENDES, I. de C.; REIS JUNIOR, F. B. dos.
ABSTRACT: Cerrado soils are extremely old, highly weathered and depleted in essential nutrients, especially P. For this reason, the addition of P fertilizers is mandatory in order to obtain economical yields of annual crops. Soil microorganisms play a key role in the P cycle. The P immobilized in the soil microbial biomass acts as reservoir of this element. Soil microorganisms also produce enzymes that act in the P mineralization, participate in the solubilization of inorganic phosphorus and are able to form symbiosis with plants, denominated mycorrizha, enhancing the uptake of this element. In this review we discuss the results of several studies evaluating the use of soil microorganisms to increase P availability in soils, some of the difficulties...
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Fósforo; Inoculação; Microbiologia do Solo; Mineralização; Microrganismo; Solubilização.; Inoculation methods; Microbiology; Microorganisms; Mineralization; Phosphorus; Solubilization.; Soil.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/568171

Doses de nitrogênio e seu efeito na atividade microbiana do solo cultivado com cevada na região do cerrado.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: RIBEIRO JÚNIOR, W. Q.; COSER, T. R.; DINIZ, B. T.; RAMOS, M. L. G.; CORDEIRO, A.; AMABILE, R.
bitstream/CPAC-2009/26841/1/p2005_42.pdf
Tipo: Fôlder / Folheto / Cartilha (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Microbial flora.; Cerrado; Cevada; Hordeum Vulgare; Microbiologia do Solo; População Microbiana; Solo.; Barley; Microbiology; Soil.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/569418

Microbiologia do solo.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: MORGADO, L. B.
bitstream/item/176130/1/24849.pdf
Tipo: Fôlder / Folheto / Cartilha (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Soils; Natural resource; Recurso natural; Microbiologia; Solo; Microbiology.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/128659

Utilizacao do sistema BIOLOG para avaliacao da diversidade intraespecifica de isolados de Azospirillum amazonense oriundos da associacao de diferentes especies de brachiaria.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: REIS JUNIOR, F. B. dos; SILVA, M. F. da; TEIXEIRA, K. R. dos S.; URQUIAGA, S.; REIS, V. M.
bitstream/CPAC-2009/24156/1/p2002_41.pdf
Tipo: Fôlder / Folheto / Cartilha (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Bactéria; Fixação de Nitrogênio; Microbiologia do Solo; Pastagem.; Azospirillum amazonense; Pastures; Microbiology; Nitrogen fixation; Soil.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/567463

Quais segredos rizóbios, agrobactérias e fitonematóides têm em comum?
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: REIS JÚNIOR, F. B. dos; FRAGOSO, R. R.
bitstream/item/75760/1/art-013.pdf
Tipo: Artigo de divulgação na mídia (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Microbiologia do solo; Soil; Microbiology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/571720

Análises de restrição do DNA Ribossomal Amplificado (ARDRA) em estudos de diversidade intra-específica de Azospirillum amazonense isolado de diferentes espécies de brachiaria.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: REIS JÚNIOR, F. B. dos; TEIXEIRA, K. R. dos S.; REIS, V. M.
ABSTRACT: The limitation of nitrogen is considered one of the most important factors for the Brazilian pastures degradation. However there are evidences that pastures formed by some species of Brachiaria could be benefited by the biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) guaranteeing a higer longevity to these pastures. Previus studies showed that the diazotrophic bacteria found inassociation with Brachiaria were mainly from the Azospirillum amazonense specie. Since associations between these microorganisms and plants are generally conditioned by the vegetation, it is possible that different Brachiaria genotypes can exercise a selective effect on the Azospirillum populations. The aim of this work was to study the intra-specific diversity of A. amazonense isolates...
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Feed grasses; Diazotropic bacteria.; Bactéria; Capim Brachiaria; Fixação de Nitrogênio; Gramínea Forrageira; Microbiologia do Solo.; Azospirillum amazonense; Microbial ecology; Pastures; Nitrogen fixation; Microbiology; Soil.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/569406

Biological functioning of cerrado soils under conventional tillage and no-tillage systems.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: MENDES, I. C.; REIS JUNIOR, F. B.
bitstream/CPAC-2009/24356/1/p2002_16.pdf
Tipo: Fôlder / Folheto / Cartilha (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Zero tillage.; Biologia do Solo; Cerrado; Conservação do Solo; Microbiologia do Solo; Plantio Direto.; Microbiology; Soil; Soil biology; Soil conservation.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/563286

Biomassa microbiana do solo.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: REIS JÚNIOR, F. B. dos; MENDES, I. de C.
ABSTRACT: The microbial biomass, respiration and their derivative indexes are proposed as indicators of the state and changes of the soil organic matter. This document presents basic information about these indicators and the two methodologies most used for C-microbial biomass determinations, the fumigation-incubation and the fumigation-extraction methods. The basic principles behind these methods, advantages, disadvantages and limitations are discussed. As then main objective of this review, recent results from research in this field developed at the Embrapa Cerrados are presented.
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Microbial flora; Incubation.; Biomassa; Carbono; Fumigação; Incubação; Microbiologia do Solo; População Microbiana.; Biomass; Fumigation; Microbiology; Soil.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/572256

Alteração e conservação do leite.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: MACHADO, T. F.
Propriedades importantes; contaminacao; alteracao; conservacao; conclusao e recomendacao.
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Conservation; Contamination; Quality.; Conservação; Contaminação; Leite; Microbiologia; Qualidade.; Milk.; Microbiology.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/421826

Efeito de doses de nitrogênio no carbono da biomassa microbiana, em solo cultivado com cevada na região do cerrado.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: DINIZ, B. T.; COSER, T. R.; RAMOS, M. L. G.; RIBEIRO JÚNIOR, W. Q.; AMABILE, R.; MENEGHIN, M. F. S.
bitstream/CPAC-2009/26888/1/p2005_64.pdf
Tipo: Fôlder / Folheto / Cartilha (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Microbial flora.; Cerrado; Cevada; Hordeum Vulgare; Microbiologia do Solo; População Microbiana; Solo.; Barley; Microbiology; Soil.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/569495

Microrganismos de processos biológicos do solo: perspectiva ambiental.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: SIQUEIRA, J. O.; MOREIRA, F. M. de S.; GRISI, B. M.; HUNGRIA, M.; ARAUJO, R. S.
Organismos e processos biologicos do solo; Ciclagem dos elementos no solo; Aspectos biologicos da degradacao do solo; Reabilitacao de solos degradados.
Tipo: Capítulo em livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Microorganismos; Toxicidade do aluminio; Fixacao biologica do nitrogenio; Degradacao do solo; Brasil; Microorganism; Environmental; Biological nitrogen fixation; Mycorhiza.; Acidez; Ecologia; Matéria Orgânica; Micorriza; Microbiologia; Meio Ambiente; Solo.; Acidity; Degradation; Ecology; Brazil; Organic matter; Microbiology; Soil; Toxicity.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/449290

Comportamento de dois genótipos de milho sob diferentes doses e formas de nitrogênio e inoculação com Azospirillum amazonense em um ensaio de casa-de-vegetação.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: REIS JÚNIOR, F. B.; MACHADO, C. T. T.; MACHADO, A. T.; ROLIM, L.; SODEK, L.
bitstream/CPAC-2009/26798/1/p2005_10.pdf
Tipo: Fôlder / Folheto / Cartilha (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Maize.; Bactéria; Inoculação; Microbiologia do Solo; Milho; Zea Mays.; Azospirillum amazonense; Inoculation methods; Microbiology; Soil.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/569425

Avaliação microbiológica do leite de búfalas sob diferentes práticas higiênicas.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: VIEIRA, L. C.; LOURENCO JUNIOR, J. de B.; HUHN, S.; BATISTA, H. A. M.; HANTANI, A. K.
bitstream/item/42510/1/Boletim-Pesquisa-155-CPATU.pdf
Tipo: Séries anteriores (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Bubalino; Qualidade do leite; Higiene do leite; Redutase; Bufallo; Quality.; Microbiologia; Reductase.; Hygiene; Microbiology; Milk.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/379255

Resultados de pesquisa da Embrapa Soja - 2001: microbiologia de solos.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: HOFFMANN-CAMPO, C .B.; SARAIVA, O. F.
Associações microbianas na nutrição e desenvolvimento de plantas de soja; Interação entre espécies vegetais e microrganismos do solo em sistemas de rotação e sucessão de culturas em semeadura direta ou preparo convencional do solo (04.0.94.322-05); Efeito de diferentes sistemas de preparo do solo e sistemas de cultivo na microbiologia do solo; A fauna do solo no sistema de semeadura direta: comunidades e função no sistema edáfico; Diversidade microbiana e de Rhizobium e bradyrhizobium em solos cultivados em feijoeiro e soja sob os sistemas de plantio direto e plantio convencional (02.2001.327.03); Identificação de estirpes de Bradyrhizobium japonicum (B. elkanii) mais eficientes e competitivas para a cultura da soja e avaliação de respostas à inoculação...
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Fixação de Nitrogênio; Microbiologia do Solo; Soja.; Bradyrhizobium; Microbiology; Nitrogen fixation; Soybeans.; Soil.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/463863

Metodologia de avaliação de estirpes de Rhizobium em nódulos de leguminosas.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: BEHLING-MIRANDA, C.H.
São apresentadas metodologias de marcação de estirpes de Rhizobium e de reconhecimento da estirpes, marcada em sua dinâmica de ocorrência em nódulos de leguminosas, quando usadas como inoculantes em ambientes com estirpes nativas pre-estabelecidas. São descritas rotinas práticas das técnicas de uso de mutantes a antibióticos e de reações de imunoaglutinação.
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Estirpes; Avaliação; Biological differences; Evaluation; Nodes.; Leguminosae; Leguminosa; Nódulo; Microbiologia; Rhizobium; Solo.; Microbiology; Soil.
Ano: 1983
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/316805

Resíduos de sorgo e sua influência na microbiologia e na fertilidade de um LEd da região de Sete Lagoas.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: VASCONCELLOS, C. A.; CAMPOLINA, D. C. A.; SANTOS, F. G. dos; PITTA, G. V. E.; MARRIEL, I. E.
bitstream/item/58843/1/Pesq.And.-16-1.pdf
Tipo: Séries anteriores (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Residue; Fertility.; Fertilidade; Microbiologia; Resíduo; Sorghum Bicolor; Sorgo; Solo.; Microbiology; Soil.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/478855

Comportamento de duas variedades de milho sob diferentes níveis de fósforo e inoculação com Azospirillum amazonense em um ensaio de casa-de-vegetação.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: REIS JÚNIOR, F. B.; MACHADO, C. T. T.; ROLIM, L.; VILELA, A. L.; SANTOS, A. B. dos; MENDES, I. C.; MACHADO, A. T.
bitstream/CPAC-2009/26887/1/p2005_63.pdf
Tipo: Fôlder / Folheto / Cartilha (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Maize.; Bactéria; Inoculação; Milho; Microbiologia do Solo; Zea Mays.; Azospirillum amazonense; Inoculation methods; Microbiology; Soil.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/569494

Resultados de pesquisa da Embrapa Soja - 2000: microbiologia de solos.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: HOFFMANN-CAMPO, C.B.; SARAIVA, O. F.
Associações microbianas na nutrição nitrogenada da soja; Caracterização genética, fisiológica e bioquímica de estirpes de Bradyrhizobium para a cultura da soja e de solos da Região Sul e do Cerrado e com maior eficiência de fixação do nitrogênio e capacidade competitiva (04.0.94.322-02); Experimentação em rede nacional para recomendação de estirpes de Bradyrhizobium e inoculantes (04.0.94.322-03); Caracterizaao e seleção de genótipos de soja para a fixação biológica do N2 e observação de genótipos mais responsivos (04.0.94.322-04); Interação entre espécies vegetais e microrganismos do solo em sistemas de rotação e sucessão de culturas em semeadura direta ou preparo convencional do solo (04.0.94.322-05); Efeito ecológico e mutagênico do Al e Mn sobre o...
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Fixação de Nitrogênio; Microbiologia do Solo; Soja.; Bradyrhizobium; Microbiology; Nitrogen fixation; Soil; Soybeans.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/462863

Fungos micorrÍzicos arbusculares ocorrentes na rizosfera de espécies dos gêneros Prosopis e Acacia na região semiárida brasileira.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: MELO, A. M. Y. de; MAIA, L. C.; SAGGIN JUNIOR, O.
O objetivo deste trabalho foi coletar, identificar e registrar as espécies de fungos micorrizicos arbusculares que ocorrem na rizosfera de especies de Prosopis e Acacia plantadas em solos de caatinga na regiao do semiárido nordestino brasileiro.
Tipo: Comunicado Técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Ocorrencia; Nordeste; Regiao semiárida; Fungus.; Fungo; Acácia; Microbiologia do Solo.; Micorriza; Prosopis; Fungi; Microbiology; Soil.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/132525

Solubilização de potássio presente em minerais por microrganismos e efeitos no desenvolvimento de culturas agrícolas.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: ALVES, V. M. C.; GOMES, E. A.; RESENDE, A. V. de; OLIVEIRA-PAIVA, C. A.; MARRIEL, I. E.; SOUSA, S. M. de; LANA, U. G. de P.
A alta dependência de importação de fertilizantes potássicos, além de elevar os custos de produção, deixa a agricultura vulnerável às oscilações do mercado externo, reduzindo a competitividade do agronegócio brasileiro, interna e externamente. Este forte obstáculo para a agricultura levou o governo brasileiro a instituir, em 22 de janeiro de 2021, por meio do Decreto nº 10.605, um Grupo de Trabalho Interministerial com a finalidade de desenvolver o Plano Nacional de Fertilizantes. Ele tem por objetivo fortalecer políticas de incremento da competitividade da produção e da distribuição de insumos e de tecnologias para fertilizantes no País, de forma sustentável, abrangendo adubos, corretivos, condicionadores e novas tecnologias, para diminuir a dependência...
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Bioinoculante; Microbiologia do Solo; Bactéria; Inoculação; Biofertilizante; Microbiology; Soil; Soil inoculation; Biofertilizers.
Ano: 2021
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1134272

Associação de bactérias promotoras de crescimento de plantas do gênero Azospirillum com diferentes espécies de brachiaria.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: REIS JÚNIOR, F. B. dos; TEIXEIRA, K. R. dos S.; URQUIAGA, S.; REIS, V. M.
ABSTRACT: The limitation of nitrogen is considered one of the most important factors to the pastures degradation. However there are evidences that pastures formed by some species of the genus Brachiaria could be benefit with the biological nitrogen fixation process (BNF), guaranteeing to these pastures higher longevity. The diazotrophic bacteria founded in association with these forage grasses were mainly species from the Azospirillum genus. The associations between these microrganisms and the plants are generally conditioned to the vegetation, therefore is possible that different genotypes of Brachiaria exercise a selective efffect on the populations of these, what could result in different BNF contributions. It was objectified to establish the influence...
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Degredação.; Bactéria; Brachiaria; Fixação de Nitrogênio; Microbiologia do Solo; Pastagem.; Azospirillum amazonense; Degradation; Nitrogen fixation; Pastures; Microbiology; Soil.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/567997

Carbono no Semiárido brasileiro.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: GIONGO, V.
Semiárido e Bioma Caatinga; Sistema solo: áreas do cristalino, áreas do cristalino recobertas por materiais mais ou menos arenosos, áreas sedimentares; Sistema planta: savana florestada, savana arborizada, savana parque, savana gramíneo-lenhosa; Uso da terra e balanço de carbono.
Tipo: Capítulo em livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Mudanças climáticas; Bioma Caatinga; Balanço de carbono; Organic carbon; Recurso natural; Solo; Carbono; Caatinga; Clima; Vegetação nativa; Ecossistema; Uso da Terra; Soil; Microbiology; Farming systems.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1008264

Etude de la diversité métabolique des micro-organismes des sources hydrothermales
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Byrne, Nathalie.
Since the discovery of oceanic hydrothermal vents, microbial diversity of this extreme environment was studied using both cultivation and molecular approaches. In this study the microbial diversity of active chimney from both TAG and Lucky Strike sites (Mid Atlantic Ridge) was investigated using both molecular survey and continuous enrichment culture in a bioreactor. To reproduce as close as possible environmental conditions the cultures were performed in oligotrophic conditions, in the presence of hydrogen and carbondioxide in the gas sweeping mix or using in situ sampled fluid/sea water mix as culture medium. The effect of environmental changes such as temperature and the absence or presence of sulphur was also investigated. Archaeal and Bacterial...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Culture; Molecular diversity; Metabolism; Hydrothermal vents; Microorganisms; Microbiology; Culture; Diversité moléculaire; Métabolisme; Sources hydrothermales; Micro organismes; Microbiologie.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/these-7295.pdf

Surveillance Écologique et Halieutique Site de Gravelines. Novembre 2014 - Octobre 2015
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Antajan, Elvire; Lefebvre, Alain; Loots, Christophe; Rocroy, Mélanie; Ruellet, Thierry.
This is the 38th annual surveillance report concerning the nuclear power plant of Gravelines. Its very high power level results from six plant units located on the shore and is characterised by a cooling system with a coastal surface input and output. The production of electricity began in 1980 and reached maximum in 1986. Surveys concern monitoring of pelagic system (hydrology, microbiology, phytoplankton, and zooplankton), fish populations (larvae and eggs of Sole and Sprat) or crustaceans (shrimps), and benthic macrofauna (intertidal and subtidal). This survey deals with spatial and temporal approaches (i) study of the direct impact by comparison of the input and output seawater stations, (ii) study of medium and long term evolution of the area by...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Centrale nucléaire; Gravelines; Surveillance; Hydrologie; Halieutique; Plancton; Benthos; Microbiologie; Nuclear power plant; Gravelines; Network survey; Hydrology; Fisheries; Plankton; Microbiology; Benthos.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00332/44313/43879.pdf

Surveillance Ecologique du site du Blayais - Année 2015
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Quintin, Jean-yves; Sottolichio, Aldo; Derriennic, Herve; Doremus, Sandrine; Agion, Tony; Peset, Sébastien; Hervio Heath, Dominique; Sautour, Benoit; Parra, René; Nowaczyck, Antoine; Bachelet, Guy; Leconte, Michel.
Monitoring n° 38 of the BLAYAIS nuclear power plant takes into account studies conducted between April and November 2015. Physicochemistry, Bathymetry, Contaminants, Bacteriology, Zooplankton, Benthic macrofauna, are reported.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Centrale nucléaire; Pelagos; Physico chimie; Hydrologie; Microbiologie; Estuaire de la Gironde; Surveillance; Bathymétrie; Zooplancton; Macrofaune benthique.; Nuclear power plant; Pelagos; Physico chemistry; Hydrology; Zooplankton; Gironde estuary; Monitoring; Bathymetry; Benthic macrofauna.; Microbiology.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00327/43800/43361.pdf

Surveillance écologique du site du Blayais, année 2001
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Quintin, Jean-yves.
Monotoring n° 24 of the BLAYAIS nuclear power plant takes into account studies conducted between March and November 2001. Physicochemistry, Hydrobiology, Bacteriology, Zooplankton, Bathymetry, are reported.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bathymetry; Zooplancton; Microbiology; Hydrology; Physico chemistry; Pelagos; Monitoring; Gironde estuary; Nuclear power plant; Bathymétrie; Zooplancton; Microbiologie; Hydrologie; Physico chimie; Pelagos; Surveillance; Estuaire de la Gironde; Centrale nucléaire.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2002/rapport-5932.pdf

Surveillance écologique et halieutique du site de Gravelines. Novembre 2012 - Octobre 2013
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Antajan, Elvire; Delesmont, Régis; Foveau, Aurelie; Hervio Heath, Dominique; Lefebvre, Alain; Loots, Christophe; Luczak, Christophe.
This is the 36th annual surveillance report concerning the nuclear power plant of Gravelines. Its very high power level results from six plant units located on the shore and is characterised by a cooling system with a coastal surface input and output. The production of electricity began in 1980 and reached maximum in 1986. Surveys concern monitoring of pelagic system (hydrology, microbiology, phytoplankton, and zooplankton), fish populations (larvae and eggs of Sole and Sprat) or crustaceans (shrimps), and benthic macrofauna (intertidal and subtidal). This survey deals with spatial and temporal approaches (i) study of the direct impact by comparison of the input and output seawater stations, (ii) study of medium and long term evolution of the area by...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Centrale nucléaire; Gravelines; Surveillance; Hydrologie; Halieutique; Plancton – Microbiologie; Benthos; Nuclear power plant; Gravelines; Network survey; Hydrology; Fisheries; Plankton; Microbiology; Benthos.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00197/30862/29230.pdf

Surveillance écologique du centre nucléaire de production d'électricité du Blayais. Année 2018
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Rumebe, Myriam; Auby, Isabelle; Blanchet, Hugues; Fouet, Marie; Gouriou, Laure; Hervio Heath, Dominique; Sautour, Benoit; Savoye, Nicolas; Sottolichio, Aldo.
Monitoring n° 41 of the Blayais nuclear power plant takes into account studies conducted between April and November 2018. Physicochemistry, Bathymetry, Hydrobiology, Bacteriology, Zooplankton, Benthic macrofauna, are reported.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Centrale nucléaire; Pelagos; Physico chimie; Hydrologie; Microbiologie; Estuaire de la Gironde; Surveillance; Bathymétrie; Zooplancton; Macrofaune benthique; Nuclear power plant; Pelagos; Physico chemistry; Hydrology; Zooplankton; Gironde estuary; Monitoring; Bathymetry; Microbiology; Benthic macrofauna.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00505/61660/65576.pdf

Surveillance écologique du site de production électronucléaire de Gravelines Novembre 2011– Octobre 2012
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Antajan, Elvire; Hervio Heath, Dominique; Lefebvre, Alain; Loots, Christophe; Luczak, Christophe.
This is the 35th annual surveillance report concerning the nuclear power plant of Gravelines. Its very high power level results from six plant units located on the shore and is characterised by a cooling system with a coastal surface input and output. The production of electricity began in 1980 and reached maximum in 1986. Surveys concern monitoring of pelagic system (hydrology, microbiology, phytoplankton, and zooplankton), fish populations (larvae and eggs of Sole and Sprat) or crustaceans (shrimps), and benthic macrofauna (intertidal and subtidal). This survey deals with spatial and temporal approaches (i) study of the direct impact by comparison of the input and output seawater stations, (ii) study of medium and long term evolution of the area by...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Centrale nucléaire; Gravelines; Surveillance; Hydrologie; Halieutique; Plancton; Benthos; Microbiologie; Nuclear power plant; Gravelines; Network survey; Hydrology; Fisheries; Plankton; Microbiology; Benthos.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00180/29116/27522.pdf

Qualité et sécurité des produits de la mer
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Leroi, Francoise.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Decontamination; Biopreservation; Microbiology; Seafood.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/rapport-2366.pdf

Microbiologie et coquillages : des enjeux et des développements futurs
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Guyader, Soizick; Garry, Pascal; Ollivier, Joanna; Piquet, Jean-come.
The shellfish safety has long been considered a public health problem. The implementation of a regulation based on a bacterial indicator of faecal contamination has significantly reduced outbreaks of bacterial origin. However, epidemics of viral gastroenteritis due to the presence of noroviruses from human sewage persist. We demonstrated few years ago that oysters are not just a passive filter but are able to select some viral strains, via the presence of specific ligands, very similar to ligands observed in humans for these same virus. Ongoing developments, in conjunction with the application of metagenomic tools, will allow us to better understand the fate of some human pathogens after their release into the coastal environment.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Shellfish; Microbiology; Oysters; Norovirus.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00599/71141/69457.pdf

Surveillance écologique et halieutique. Site de Gravelines. Novembre 1995 - Octobre 1996
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Fevre-lehoerff, Geneviève; Delesmont, Régis; Dewarumez, Jean-marie; Hitier, Benoist; Woehrling, Daniel.
This report is the 18 th on annual surveillance of the nuclear plant site of Gravelines. In 1996, mean power output was 4160 MW with a cooling flow rate of 213 m3 / sec leading to an outfull vT of 9°26. The major impact of chloration is due to bromoform (18.3 ug / 1) in outflow. The amplitude of the vibrio annual cycle is stable when compared to previous years but diversity increases. In 1996, earlyness in species reproduction was noticeable. Chlorophyll biomass reached 45 mg / m3 and noctiluca cycle was quite unusual. Impact is estimated aroud 20 - 40 % in phytoplankton biomass and 30 - 100 % in zooplankton, depending on the species. Subtidal abra alba populations have been studied. For intertidal populations disappearance of spio martinensis is to be...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Centrale nucléaire; Sud de la mer du Nord; Hydrologie; Microbiologie; Pelagos; Benthos; Surveillance; Nuclear power plant; South of North Sea; Hydrology; Microbiology; Pelagos; Benthos; Surveillance.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00005/11636/8294.pdf

Development of an antiseptic procedure to improve retention rates during the grafting process of black-lip oyster, Pinctada margaritifera
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Cochennec, Nathalie; Haffner, Philippe; Levy, Peva; Saulnier, Denis; Fougerouse, A.; Langy, Sandra.
In French Polynesia, black pearl cultivation now takes place on about 30 of the 118 atolls or islands. This activity has largely replaced copra, coconut oil and fishing as a source of income. Around 1,000 pearl farms, generally small ones of less than 5 ha, are registered. The pearl farms are mainly owned by families. In 1998, about 7,000 persons were employed in theentire pearl industry, from production to retailing. In value, this activity represents the first exportation of French Polynesian products. From 1988 to date, exports increased exponentially before leveling. Starting with less than two kilograms in 1972, exports have now stabilized at Il tons of "black" pearls.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Vibrio; Microbiology; Grafting process; Pinctada margaritifera.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-4928.PDF

Surveillance Ecologique du site du "Blayais" - année 2017
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Rumebe, Myriam; Auby, Isabelle; Hervio Heath, Dominique; Sottolichio, Aldo; Sautour, Benoit; Savoye, Nicolas; Derriennic, Hervé; Blanchet, Hugues; Leconte, Michel; Gouilleux, Benoit; Fouet, Marie; Agion, Tony.
Monitoring n° 40 of the Blayais nuclear power plant takes into account studies conducted between April and November 2017. Physicochemistry, Bathymetry, Hydrobiology, Bacteriology, Zooplankton, Benthic macrofauna, are reported.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Centrale nucléaire; Pelagos; Physico chimie; Hydrologie; Microbiologie; Estuaire de la Gironde; Surveillance; Bathymétrie; Zooplancton; Macrofaune benthique; Nuclear power plant; Pelagos; Physico chemistry; Hydrology; Zooplankton; Benthic macrofauna; Gironde estuary; Monitoring; Bathymetry; Microbiology.
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00477/58876/61407.pdf

Surveillance Ecologique du site du Blayais - Année 2014
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Quintin, Jean-yves; Sottolichio, Aldo; Derriennic, Herve; Schmidt, Sabine; Doremus, Sandrine; Agion, Tony; Hervio Heath, Dominique; Sautour, Benoît; Parra, René; Dindinaud, François; Bachelet, Guy; Leconte, Michel.
Monitoring n° 37 of the BLAYAIS nuclear power plant takes into account studies conducted between April and November 2014. Physicochemistry, Bathymetry, Contaminants, Bacteriology, Zooplankton, Benthic macrofauna, are reported.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Centrale nucléaire; Pelagos; Physico chimie; Hydrologie; Microbiologie; Zooplancton; Macrofaune benthique.; Bathymétrie; Estuaire de la Gironde; Surveillance; Nuclear power plant; Pelagos; Physico chemistry; Hydrology; Zooplankton; Benthic macrofauna.; Bathymetry; Microbiology; Gironde estuary; Monitoring.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00333/44424/44088.pdf

Surveillance écologique et halieutique du site de production électronucléaire de Gravelines - Novembre 2003 / Octobre 2004
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Delesmont, Régis; Dewarumez, Jean-marie; Hitier, Benoist; Lefebvre, Alain; Luczak, Christophe; Woehrling, Daniel.
This is the 27th annual surveillance report concerning the central nuclear power plant of Gravelines. This very high power level (5400 MW) results from six plant units located on the shore and is characterised by a cooling system with a coastal surface input and output. The production of electricity began in 1980 and reached maximum in 1986. Surveillance studies concern monitoring of fish populations (larvae and eggs of Sole and Sprat) or crustaceans( shrimps), benthic system (intertidal and subtidal) and pelagic system (hydrology, microbiology, phytoplankton, zooplankton). This survey deals with spatial and temporal approaches (i) study of the direct impact by comparison of the input and output seawater stations, (ii) study of medium and long term...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Benthos; Microbiologie; Plancton; Halieutique; Hydrologie; Surveillance; Gravelines; Centrale nucléaire; Benthos; Microbiology; Plankton; Fisheries; Hydrology; Network survey; Gravelines; Nuclear power plant.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/rapport-931.pdf

Evaluation of the heterotrophic activity in waters by microanalytical methods.
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bertoni, R.
The radiochemical methods proposed for evaluating heterotrophic activity in waters have been severely criticized in recent years because they are not considered to be sufficiently realistic. Thus, the possibility of directly measuring the heterotrophic consumption of naturally occurring Organic Carbon (OC) in fresh water samples incubated under controlled conditions has been evaluated. The analytical performances of two OC analyzers utilizable for this purpose are discussed here, and some examples of the results obtained by the direct measurement of OC consumption are presented. The consumption rates thus measured ranged from 11.6 to 50.2 mu gC/ 1.h. Although the technique discussed here is less sensitive than radiochemical methods, the few assumptions...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Biogeochemistry; Microbiology; Carbon cycle; Organic carbon; Water; Heterotrophic organisms; Analytical techniques.
Ano: 1984
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1984/acte-950.pdf

Approche microbiologique de l'anchoitage.
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Campello, Francois.
The maturation of salted anchovies leads to a product of particular organoleptic properties. The manufacturers have to resolve many problems. A thorough investigation of the phenomenons which occur is necessary to resolve them. The maturation is conducted at different temperatures. The present paper reports the microbiological variations of the present microfloras, from hyper-halophilic to the non-halophilic, which escort organoleptical and biochemical ones chiefly at 20 degree C. If the maturation's temperature is maintained high (28 degree C) there is a strong proteolysis. At 20 degree C the organoleptical characters appear within 2 months.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: France; MED; Engraulis encrasicolus; Clupeidae; Pisces; Microorganisms; Microbiology; Organoleptic properties; Curing; Processing fishery products.
Ano: 1983
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1983/publication-1825.pdf

Surveillance écologique du site de production électronucléaire de Gravelines Novembre 2010 - Octobre 2011
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Antajan, Elvire; Delesmont, Régis; Dewarumez, Jean-marie; Lefebvre, Alain; Loots, Christophe; Luczak, Christophe.
This is the 34th annual surveillance report concerning the nuclear power plant of Gravelines. Its very high power level results from six plant units located on the shore and is characterised by a cooling system with a coastal surface input and output. The production of electricity began in 1980 and reached maximum in 1986. Surveys concern monitoring of pelagic system (hydrology, microbiology, phytoplankton, zooplankton), fish populations (larvae and eggs of Sole and Sprat) or crustaceans (shrimps), and benthic macrofauna (intertidal and subtidal). This survey deals with spatial and temporal approaches (i) study of the direct impact by comparison of the input and output seawater stations, (ii) study of medium and long term evolution of the area by...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Centrale nucléaire; Gravelines; Surveillance; Hydrologie; Halieutique; Plancton; Microbiologie; Benthos; Nuclear power plant; Gravelines; Network survey; Hydrology; Fisheries; Plankton; Microbiology; Benthos.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00076/18709/16282.pdf

Surveillance Écologique et Halieutique. Site de Gravelines. Novembre 2006 - Octobre 2007
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lefebvre, Alain; Antajan, Elvire; Delesmont, R; Dewarumez, J. M.; Luczak, C.
This is the 30th annual surveillance report concerning the central nuclear power plant of Gravelines. This very high power level results from six plant units located on the shore and is characterised by a cooling system with a coastal surface input and output. The production of electricity began in 1980 and reached maximum in 1986. Surveillance studies concern monitoring of fish populations (larvae and eggs of Sole and Sprat) or crustaceans (shrimps), benthic system (intertidal and subtidal) and pelagic system (hydrology, microbiology, phytoplancton, zooplancton). This survey deals with spatial and temporal approaches (i) study of the direct impact by comparison of the input and output seawater stations, (ii) study of medium and long term evolution of the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Benthos; Microbiologie; Plancton; Halieutique; Hydrologie; Surveillance; Gravelines; Centrale nucléaire; Benthos; Microbiology; Plankton; Fisheries; Hydrology; Network survey; Gravelines; Nuclear power plant.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/rapport-4007.pdf

Surveillance écologique du site du Blayais, année 2002
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Quintin, Jean-yves.
Monotoring n° 25 of the BLAYAIS nuclear power plant takes into account studies conducted between March and November 2002. Physicochemistry, Hydrobiology, Bacteriology, Zooplankton, Bathymetry, are reported.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bathymetry; Zooplancton; Microbiology; Hydrology; Physico chemistry; Pelagos; Monitoring; Gironde estuary; Nuclear power plant; Bathymétrie; Zooplancton; Microbiologie; Hydrologie; Physico chimie; Pelagos; Surveillance; Estuaire de la Gironde; Centrale nucléaire.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/rapport-5935.pdf

Characterization of a defensin from the oyster Crassostrea gigas - Recombinant production, folding, solution structure, antimicrobial activities, and gene expression
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gueguen, Yannick; Herpin, Amaury; Aumelas, André; Garnier, Julien; Fievet, Julie; Escoubas, Jean-michel; Bulet, Philippe; Gonzalez, Marcelo; Lelong, Christophe; Favrel, Pascal; Bachere, Evelyne.
In invertebrates, defensins were found in arthropods and in the mussels. Here, we report for the first time the identification and characterization of a defensin (Cg-Def) from an oyster. Cg-def mRNA was isolated from Crassostrea gigas mantle using an expressed sequence tag approach. To gain insight into potential roles of Cg-Def in oyster immunity, we produced the recombinant peptide in Escherichia coli, characterized its antimicrobial activities, determined its solution structure by NMR spectroscopy, and quantified its gene expression in vivo following bacterial challenge of oysters. Recombinant Cg-Def was active in vitro against Gram-positive bacteria but showed no or limited activities against Gram-negative bacteria and fungi. The activity of Cg-Def was...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Genomic library; Microbiology; Defensin; Oyster.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-2127.pdf

Surveillance écologique du site du Blayais, année 2000
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Quintin, Jean-yves.
Monotoring n° 23 of the BLAYAIS nuclear power plant takes into account studies conducted between March and November 2000. Physicochemistry, Hydrobiology, Bacteriology, Zooplankton, Bathymetry, are reported.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bathymetry; Zooplancton; Microbiology; Hydrology; Physico chemistry; Pelagos; Monitoring; Gironde estuary; Nuclear power plant; Bathymétrie; Zooplancton; Microbiologie; Hydrologie; Physico chimie; Pelagos; Surveillance; Estuaire de la Gironde; Centrale nucléaire.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2001/rapport-5957.pdf

Olleya marilimosa gen. nov., sp nov., an exopolysaccharide-producing marine bacterium from the family Flavobacteriaceae, isolated from the Southern Ocean
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Nichols, Carol Mancuso; Bowman, John; Guezennec, Jean.
A Gram-negative, aerobic, gliding, orange-yellow marine bacterium was isolated from particulate material sampled from the Southern Ocean. This strain produced an exopolysaccharide in liquid culture. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that this isolate was a member of the family Flavobacteriaceae, but represented a separate lineage. Major whole-cell fatty acids included i15:1 omega 10c, i15:0, beta-OH i15:0, a15:1 omega 10c, 15:0 and alpha-OH i15:0. The G+C content of the DNA was 49 mol%. Based on phylogenetic, phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genotypic analyses, this bacterium was placed in a novel taxon as Olleya marilimosa gen. nov., sp. nov. with type strain CAM030(T) (=ACAM 1065(T)=CIP 108537(T)).
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Classification; Identification; Bacterie.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/publication-457.pdf

A laboratory model system for analysing microbial interactions occurring in anoxic estuarine sediments.
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Herbert, R; Keith, S.
Defined mixed populations of Clostridium butyricum, Desulfovibrio desulfuricans and Chromatium vinosum co-existed for long periods when grown in a single stage chemostat with glucose as sole carbon source. The nature and availability of the inorganic nitrogen source exerted a major effect on carbon flow in the experimental system. The data show that both the C. butyricum and D. desulfuricans isolates can utilise NO sub(3) as an e super(-)acceptor with an increase in cell yield. Under these growth conditions the free S super(2-) levels were lower resulting in more stable mixed populations. In addition the data show that the C. butyricum produces more oxidised fermentation end-products (acetate) when NO sub(3) super(-) was available and more reduced products...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Chromatium vinosum; Desulfovibrio desulfuricans; Clostridium butyricum; Biogeochemistry; Models; Bacteria; Detritus; Mineralization; Anoxic sediments; Estuarine sedimentation; Analytical techniques; Carbon cycle; Interspecific relationships; Microbiology.
Ano: 1984
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1984/acte-947.pdf

Surveillance Écologique et Halieutique. Site de Gravelines. Novembre 2015 - Octobre 2016
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Antajan, Elvire; Devreker, David; Lefebvre, Alain; Loots, Christophe; Rocroy, Mélanie; Ruellet, Thierry.
This is the 39th annual surveillance report concerning the nuclear power plant of Gravelines. Its very high power level results from six plant units located on the shore and is characterised by a cooling system with a coastal surface input and output. The production of electricity began in 1980 and reached a maximum in 1986. Surveys concern monitoring of pelagic system (hydrology, microbiology, phytoplankton, and zooplankton), fish populations (larvae and eggs of Sole and Sprat) or crustaceans (shrimps), and benthic macrofauna (intertidal and subtidal). This survey deals with spatial and temporal approaches (i) study of the direct impact by comparison of the input and output seawater stations, (ii) study of medium and long term evolution of the area by...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Centrale nucléaire; Gravelines; Surveillance; Hydrologie; Halieutique; Plancton; Benthos; Microbiologie; Nuclear power plant; Gravelines; Network survey; Hydrology; Fisheries; Plankton; Microbiology; Benthos.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00383/49458/49957.pdf

Surveillance écologique du site du Blayais, année 2005
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Quintin, Jean-yves.
Monotoring n° 28 of the BLAYAIS nuclear power plant takes into account studies conducted between March and November 2005. Physicochemistry, Hydrobiology, Bacteriology, Zooplankton, Benthic macrofauna, Bathymetry, are reported.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bathymetry; Benthic macrofauna; Zooplancton; Microbiology; Hydrology; Physico chemistry; Pelagos; Monitoring; Gironde estuary; Nuclear power plant; Bathymétrie; Macrofaune benthique; Zooplancton; Microbiologie; Hydrologie; Physico chimie; Pelagos; Surveillance; Estuaire de la Gironde; Centrale nucléaire.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/rapport-5933.pdf

Surveillance Ecologique du site du Blayais - Année 2011
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Quintin, Jean-yves; Etcheber, Henri; Sottolichio, Aldo; Oggian, Georges; Derriennic, Herve; Mallet, Céline; Roux Ducept, Alexandra; Sautour, Benoît; Parra, René; Bachelet, Guy; Leconte, Michel.
Monitoring n° 34 of the BLAYAIS nuclear power plant takes into account studies conducted between April and November 2011. Physicochemistry, Bathymetry, Contaminants, Bacteriology, Zooplankton, Benthic macrofauna, are reported.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Centrale nucléaire; Pelagos; Physico chimie; Hydrologie; Microbiologie; Estuaire de la Gironde; Surveillance; Bathymétrie; Zooplancton; Macrofaune benthique.; Nuclear power plant; Pelagos; Physico chemistry; Hydrology; Zooplankton; Gironde estuary; Monitoring; Bathymetry; Benthic macrofauna.; Microbiology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00333/44415/44090.pdf

Marinilactibacillus piezotolerans sp nov., a novel marine lactic acid bacterium isolated from deep sub-seafloor sediment of the Nankai Trough
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Toffin, Laurent; Zink, Klaus; Kato, Chiaki; Pignet, Patricia; Bidault, Adeline; Bienvenu, Nadège; Birrien, Jean-louis; Prieur, Daniel.
A piezotolerant, mesophilic, marine lactic acid bacterium (strain LT20(T)) was isolated from a deep sub-seafloor sediment core collected at Nankai Trough, off the coast of Japan. Cells were Gram-positive, rod-shaped, non-sporulating and non-motile. The NaGl concentration range for growth was 0-120 gl(-1), with the optimum at 10-20 g l(-1). The temperature range for growth at PH 7.0 was 4-50 degreesC, with the optimum at 37-40 degreesC. The optimum pH for growth was 7.0-8.0. The optimum pressure for growth was 0.1 MPa with tolerance up to 30 MPa. The main cellular phospholipids were phosphatidylglycerols (25 %), diphosphatidylglycerols (34 %) and a group of compounds tentatively identified as ammonium-containing phosphatidylserines (32 %);...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Phylogeny; Biochemistry; Microbiology; Thermophilic bacteria; Deep sub seafloor sediment.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/publication-592.pdf

Shewanella profunda sp nov., isolated from deep marine sediment of the Nankai Trough
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Toffin, Laurent; Bidault, Adeline; Pignet, Patricia; Tindall, Brian; Slobodkin, Alexander; Kato, Chiaki; Prieur, Daniel.
A novel piezotolerant, mesophilic, facultatively anaerobic, organotrophic, polarly flagellated bacterium (strain LT13a(T)) was isolated from a deep sediment layer in the Nankai Trough (Leg 190, Ocean Drilling Program) off the coast of Japan. This organism used a wide range of organic substrates as sole carbon and energy sources: pyruvate, glutamate, succinate, fumarate, lactate, citrate, peptone and tryptone. Oxygen, nitrate, fumarate, ferric iron and cystine were used as electron acceptors. Maximal growth rates were observed at a hydrostatic pressure of 10 MPa. Hydrostatic pressure for growth was in the range 0.1-50 MPa. Predominant cellular fatty acids were 16:1 omega7c, 15: 0 iso, 16: 0 and 13: 0 iso. The G + C content of the DNA was 44.9 mol%. On the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Phylogeny; Bacteria; Microbiology; Deep sediment layer.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/publication-590.pdf

Evaluation de la qualité des zones de production conchylicole : Département : Gironde - Edition 2006
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Cantin, Christian; Neaud-masson, Nadine; Mayeur, Didier.
After a reminder of the objectives, operation and method of interpreting the results of the REMI microbiological monitoring network, this report establishes a national assessment and describes the annual programme of the Gironde region. It presents all of the results obtained, in particular the assessment of the quality of listed shellfish production areas and the evolution of their quality.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Escherichia coli; Contamination; Microbiology; Environment quality; Shellfish culture; Département de la Gironde; Classement sanitaire des zones de production; Contamination bactériologique des coquillages; Escherichia coli; REMI.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/rapport-2102.pdf

The effects of superchilled storage at - 2 degrees C on the microbiological and organoleptic properties of cold-smoked salmon before retail Display
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Beaufort, Annie; Cardinal, Mireille; Le-bail, Alain; Midelet-bourdin, Graziella.
The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of superchilling (-2 degrees C) on the evolution of Listeria monocytogenes and organoleptic characteristics of cold-smoked salmon samples. An Hadamard matrix experimental design was carried out on artificially inoculated samples stored at +4 degrees C for 10 d and at +8 degrees C for 18 d to know the influence of four factors: salt content, strain, cold stiffening and superchilling time, on the level of L.monocytogenes in cold-smoked salmon. The growth of L. monocytogenes in naturally contaminated cold-smoked salmon and the organoleptic properties were investigated under superchilling conditions. Superchilling (-2 degrees C for 28 d) had a limited impact on some of the organoleptic properties but the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Quality; Refrigerated storage; Review; Smoking; Salmon; Microbiologie; Qualité; Entreposage frigorifique; Synthèse; Fumaison; Saumon.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/publication-7436.pdf

Surveillance Ecologique du site du "Blayais" - année 2007
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Quintin, Jean-yves; Castaing, P; Jouanneau, J. M.; Oggian, G; Chaurial, B; Gournier, N; Sautour, B; Parra, R; Bachelet, G; Leconte, M.
Monitoring n° 30 of the BLAYAIS nuclear power plant takes into account studies conducted between April and November 2007. Physicochemistry, Bathymetry, Hydrobiology, Bacteriology, Zooplankton, Benthic macrofauna, are reported.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Benthic macrofauna; Zooplankton; Microbiology; Hydrology; Bathymetry; Physico chemistry; Pelagos; Monitoring; Gironde estuary; Nuclear power plant; Macrofaune benthique; Zooplancton; Microbiologie; Hydrologie; Bathymétrie; Physico chimie; Pelagos; Surveillance; Estuaire de la Gironde; Centrale nucléaire.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/rapport-5373.pdf

Surveillance écologique du site du Blayais - année 2012
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Quintin, Jean-yves; Sottolichio, Aldo; Derriennic, Hervé; Schmidt, Sabine; Mallet, Céline; Roux Ducept, Alexandra; Sautour, Benoît; Parra, René; Dindinaud, François; Bachelet, Guy; Leconte, Michel.
Monitoring n° 35 of the BLAYAIS nuclear power plant takes into account studies conducted between April and November 2012. Physicochemistry, Bathymetry, Hydrobiology, Bacteriology, Zooplankton, Benthic macrofauna, are reported.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Centrale nucléaire; Estuaire de la Gironde; Surveillance; Pelagos; Physico chimie; Bathymétrie; Hydrologie; Microbiologie; Zooplancton; Macrofaune benthique; Nuclear power plant; Gironde estuary; Monitoring; Pelagos; Physico chemistry; Bathymetry; Hydrology; Microbiology; Zooplankton; Benthic macrofauna.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00141/25181/23287.pdf

Surveillance écologique et halieutique du site de production électronucléaire de Gravelines Novembre 2008 – Octobre 2009
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Antajan, Elvire; Delesmont, Régis; Dewarumez, Jean-marie; Lefebvre, Alain; Luczak, Christophe; Warembourg, Caroline.
This is the 32th annual surveillance report concerning the nuclear power plant of Gravelines. Its very high power level results from six plant units located on the shore and is characterised by a cooling system with a coastal surface input and output. The production of electricity began in 1980 and reached maximum in 1986. Surveillance studies concern monitoring of fish populations (larvae and eggs of Sole and Sprat) or crustaceans (shrimps), benthic system (intertidal and subtidal) and pelagic system (hydrology, microbiology, phytoplankton, zooplankton). This survey deals with spatial and temporal approaches (i) study of the direct impact by comparison of the input and output seawater stations, (ii) study of medium and long term evolution of the area by...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Centrale nucléaire; Gravelines; Surveillance; Hydrologie; Halieutique; Plancton; Benthos; Microbiologie; Nuclear power plant; Gravelines; Network survey; Hydrology; Fisheries; Plankton; Microbiology; Benthos.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00055/16592/14099.pdf

Human and animal enteric caliciviruses in oysters from different coastal regions of the United States
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Costantini, V; Loisy, Fabienne; Joens, L; Le Guyader, Soizick; Saif, L.
Food-borne diseases are a major cause of morbidity and hospitalization worldwide. Enteric caliciviruses are capable of persisting in the environment and in the tissues of shellfish. Human noroviruses (HuNoVs) have been implicated in outbreaks linked to shellfish consumption. The genetic and antigenic relatedness between human and animal enteric calliciviruses suggests that interspecies transmission may occur. To determine the occurrence of human and animal enteric calliciviruses in United States market oysters, we surveyed regional markets. Oysters were collected from 45 bays along the United States coast during the summer and winter of 2002 and 2003. Samples were analyzed by reverse transcription-PCR, and results were confirmed by hybridization and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Monitoring; Microbiology; Sampling; Oyster; Shellfish tissue; Human norovirus; Calicivirus.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-1235.pdf

Surveillance Écologique et Halieutique Site de Gravelines. Novembre 2013 - Octobre 2014
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Antajan, Elvire; Lefebvre, Alain; Loots, Christophe; Luczak, Christophe; Ruellet, Thierry.
This is the 37th annual surveillance report concerning the nuclear power plant of Gravelines. Its very high power level results from six plant units located on the shore and is characterised by a cooling system with a coastal surface input and output. The production of electricity began in 1980 and reached maximum in 1986. Surveys concern monitoring of pelagic system (hydrology, microbiology, phytoplankton, and zooplankton), fish populations (larvae and eggs of Sole and Sprat) or crustaceans (shrimps), and benthic macrofauna (intertidal and subtidal). This survey deals with spatial and temporal approaches (i) study of the direct impact by comparison of the input and output seawater stations, (ii) study of medium and long term evolution of the area by...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Centrale nucléaire; Gravelines; Surveillance; Hydrologie; Halieutique; Plancton – Microbiologie; Benthos; Nuclear power plant; Gravelines; Network survey; Hydrology; Fisheries; Plankton; Microbiology; Benthos.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00259/37004/35501.pdf

Surveillance écologique du site du Blayais. Année 1999
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Quintin, Jean-yves; Castaing, Patrice; Jouanneau, Jean-marie; Oggian, Georges; Leconte, Michel; Parra, René; Sautour, Benoît; Chaurial, Bernard; Serceau, Roselyne.
Monitoring n°22 of the BLAYAIS nuclear power plant takes into account studies conducted between April and November 1996. Physicochemistry, Hydrobiology, Bacteriology, Zooplankton, Bathymetry, are reported. [see summary p. 251-252 (in french)]
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Centrale nucleaire; Estuaire de la Gironde; Surveillance; Pelagos; Hydrologie; Microbiologie; Zooplancton; Bathymetrie; Physico chimie; Nuclear power plant; Gironde estuary; Monitoring; Pelagos; Hydrology; Microbiology; Zooplancton; Bathymetry; Physico chemistry.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00384/49528/50025.pdf

Surveillance écologique et halieutique du site de production électronucléaire de Gravelines Novembre 2007 – Octobre 2008
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Antajan, Elvire; Delesmont, Régis; Dewarumez, Jean-marie; Lefebvre, Alain; Luczak, Christophe; Warembourg, Caroline.
This is the 31th annual surveillance report concerning the nuclear power plant of Gravelines. Its very high power level results from six plant units located on the shore and is characterised by a cooling system with a coastal surface input and output. The production of electricity began in 1980 and reached maximum in 1986. Surveillance studies concern monitoring of fish populations (larvae and eggs of Sole and Sprat) or crustaceans (shrimps), benthic system (intertidal and subtidal) and pelagic system (hydrology, microbiology, phytoplankton, zooplankton). This survey deals with spatial and temporal approaches (i) study of the direct impact by comparison of the input and output seawater stations, (ii) study of medium and long term evolution of the area by...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Centrale nucléaire; Gravelines; Surveillance; Hydrologie; Halieutique; Plancton; Benthos; Microbiologie; Nuclear power plant; Gravelines; Network survey; Hydrology; Fisheries; Plankton; Microbiology; Benthos.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00055/16591/14098.pdf

Exploring cultivable Bacteria from the prokaryotic community associated with the carnivorous sponge Asbestopluma hypogea
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Dupont, Samuel; Carre-mlouka, Alyssa; Domart-coulon, Isabelle; Vacelet, Jean; Bourguet-kondracki, Marie-lise.
Combining culture-dependent and independent approaches, we investigated for the first time the cultivable fraction of the prokaryotic community associated with the carnivorous sponge Asbestopluma hypogea. The heterotrophic prokaryotes isolated from this tiny sponge were compared between specimens freshly collected from cave and maintained in aquarium. Overall, 67 isolates obtained in pure culture were phylogenetically affiliated to the bacterial phyla Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes. This cultivable diversity was lower than the prokaryotic diversity obtained by previous pyrosequencing study and comparable to that of another Mediterranean demosponge, the filter-feeding Phorbas tenacior. Furthermore, using fluorescence in situ...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Porifera; Asbestopluma hypogea; Carnivorous sponge; Symbiosis; Microbiology; Biologic activities.
Ano: 2014
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00372/48273/48572.pdf

Surveillance Écologique et Halieutique. Site de Gravelines. Novembre 2000 - Octobre 2001
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Delesmont, Régis; Dewarumez, Jean-marie; Hitier, Benoist; Lefebvre, Alain; Le Fevre-lehoerff, Geneviève; Luczak, Christophe; Woehrling, Daniel.
This is the 24th annual surveillance report concerning the central nuclear power plant of Gravelines. This very high power level (5400 MW) results from six plant units located on the shore and is characterised by a cooling system with a coastal surface input and output. The production of electricity began in 1980 and reached maximum in 1986. Surveillance studies concern monitoring of fish populations (larvae and eggs of Sole and Sprat) or crustaceans( shrimps), benthic system (intertidal and subtidal) and pelagic system (hydrology, microbiology, phytoplankton, zooplankton). This survey deals with spatial and temporal approaches (i) study of the direct impact by comparison of the input and output seawater stations, (ii) study of medium and long term...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Centrale nucléaire; Gravelines; Surveillance; Hydrologie; Halieutique; Plancton; Microbiologie; Benthos; Nuclear power plant; Gravelines; Network survey; Hydrology; Fisheries; Plankton; Microbiology; Benthos.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00006/11712/8370.pdf

Surveillance écologique du site de production électronucléaire de Gravelines Novembre 2009 – Octobre 2010
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Antajan, Elvire; Delesmont, Régis; Dewarumez, Jean-marie; Lefebvre, Alain; Loots, Christophe; Luczak, Christophe.
This is the 33th annual surveillance report concerning the nuclear power plant of Gravelines. Its very high power level results from six plant units located on the shore and is characterised by a cooling system with a coastal surface input and output. The production of electricity began in 1980 and reached maximum in 1986. Surveys concern monitoring of pelagic system (hydrology, microbiology, phytoplankton, zooplankton), fish populations (larvae and eggs of Sole and Sprat) or crustaceans (shrimps), and benthic macrofauna (intertidal and subtidal). This survey deals with spatial and temporal approaches (i) study of the direct impact by comparison of the input and output seawater stations, (ii) study of medium and long term evolution of the area by...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Centrale nucléaire; Gravelines; Surveillance; Hydrologie; Halieutique; Plancton; Benthos; Microbiologie; Nuclear power plant; Gravelines; Network survey; Hydrology; Fisheries; Plankton; Microbiology; Benthos.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00055/16593/14100.pdf

Qualité microbiologique des zones conchylicoles dans les Pertuis Charentais
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Thomas, Gerard; Piquet, Jean-come; Ryckaert, Mireille; Masson, Daniel; Pepin, Jean-francois; Polsenaere, Pierre; Fillon, Alain.
Marine environment contamination can affect fishing and shellfish farming products (and shellfish in the first place), thus making them improper for human consumption, threatening public health and producer’s business. Analysis and health risk management are mandatory for consumer’s security and shellfish production survival.  About microbial risk, monitoring shellfish production areas and several studies carried by LERPC laboratory give a good view of the microbial contamination impacting the Pertuis Charentais shellfish production area. On the other hand, State-Region Plan Contract (CPER) studies results from 2007 to 2013 are presented and discussed; additionally, the law-prescribed sanitary studies for professional on foot-fishing classification are...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Microbiologie; E. coli; Norovirus; Étude sanitaire; Conchyliculture; Pêche à pied professionnelle; Pertuis Charentais; Microbiology; E.coli; Norovirus; Sanitary(health) studies; Shellfish farming; On foot]fishing; Pertuis Charentais.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00302/41299/40472.pdf

Quality assessment of ice-stored tropical yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) and influence of vacuum and modified atmosphere packaging
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Dauchy Silbande, Adele; Adenet, Sandra; Smith-ravin, Juliette; Joffraud, Jean-jacques; Rochefort, Katia; Leroi, Francoise.
Metagenomic, microbial, chemical and sensory analyses of Thunnus albacares from Martinique and stored in ice (AIR – 0 °C), vacuum (VP – 4/8 °C) and modified atmosphere packaging (MAP – 4/8 °C) (70% CO2 – 30% O2) were carried out. The organoleptic rejection of AIR tuna was observed at day 13 when total bacterial counts equaled 106–107 CFU g−1. No extension of shelf-life was provided by VP and MAP. According to 16S rRNA gene sequence analyzed by Illumina MiSeq and PCR-TTGE, Rhodanobacter terrae was the main species of the freshly caught tuna. At the sensory rejection time, Brochothrix thermosphacta and Pseudomonas dominated the AIR products while B. thermosphacta alone or a mix of B. thermosphacta, Enterobacteriaceae and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) dominated...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Seafood; Fish; Microbiology; Sensory; NGS; 16S rRNA gene.
Ano: 2016
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00344/45504/45056.pdf

Evaluation de la qualité des zones de production conchylicole : Département : Landes Edition 2006
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Cantin, Christian; Neaud-masson, Nadine; Mayeur, Didier.
After a reminder of the objectives, operation and method of interpreting the results of the REMI microbiological monitoring network, this report establishes a national assessment and describes the annual programme of the Landes region. It presents all of the results obtained, in particular the assessment of the quality of classified shellfish production areas and the evolution of their quality.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Environment quality; Shellfish culture; Département des Landes; Classement sanitaire des zones de production; Contamination bactériologique des coquillages; Escherichia Coli; REMI.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/rapport-2101.pdf

La qualité du milieu marin littoral normand du Tréport au Mont - Saint - Michel
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Grouhel-pellouin, Anne; Etourneau, Claude; Lamort, Laure.
This report presents an evaluation of Normandy's coastal quality. Datas for this evaluation come from chemical, microbial and phytoplanktonic monitoring networks carried out by IFREMER in the marine environment, microbial survey of marine swimming and shellfish collecting areas carried out by DDASS (Health Office), analysis of local sewage treatment systems conduced by SATESE, and surveys of river's water quality carried out by DDE (Equipment Office). Among each area, pollution sources are identified and present or future actions to improve marine water quality are listed according to shellfishing or swimming vocation of these areas.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Normandie; Qualité; Littoral; Réseaux de surveillance; Physico-chimie; Microbiologie; Phytoplancton; Radioactivité; Normandy; Quality; Coastal Area; Monitoring Network; Chemical; Microbiology; Phytoplankton; Radioactivity.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00102/21347/18970.pdf

Surveillance écologique du site du Blayais, année 2003
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Quintin, Jean-yves.
Monotoring n° 26 of the BLAYAIS nuclear power plant takes into account studies conducted between March - April and November 2003. Physicochemistry, Hydrobiology, Bacteriology, Zooplankton, Bathymetry, are reported.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bathymetry; Zooplancton; Microbiology; Hydrology; Physico chemistry; Pelagos; Monitoring; Gironde estuary; Nuclear power plant; Bathymétrie; Zooplancton; Microbiologie; Hydrologie; Physico chimie; Pelagos; Surveillance; Estuaire de la Gironde; Centrale nucléaire.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/rapport-5934.pdf

Surveillance Ecologique du site du "Blayais" - année 2006
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Quintin, Jean-yves; Castaing, Patrice; Jouanneau, Jean-marie; Oggian, Georges; Chaurial, Bernard; Gournier, Nathalie; Sautour, Benoît; Parra, René; Bachelet, Guy; Leconte, Michel.
Monitoring n° 29 of the BLAYAIS nuclear power plant takes into account studies conducted between April and November 2006. Physicochemistry, Bathymetry, Hydrobiology, Bacteriology, Zooplankton, Benthic macrofauna, are reported. [see summary p. 7 - 10 (in French)]
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Benthic macrofauna; Zooplankton; Microbiology; Hydrology; Bathymetry; Physico chemistry; Pelagos; Monitoring; Gironde estuary; Nuclear power plant; Macrofaune benthique; Zooplancton; Microbiologie; Hydrologie; Bathymétrie; Physico chimie; Pelagos; Surveillance; Estuaire de la Gironde; Centrale nucléaire.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/rapport-2572.pdf

Surveillance Écologique et Halieutique. Site de Gravelines. Novembre 1999 - Octobre 2000
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Fevre-lehoerff, Geneviève; Delesmont, Régis; Dewarumez, Jean-marie; Hitier, Benoist; Lefebvre, Alain; Luczak, Christophe; Woehrling, Daniel.
This is the 23th annual surveillance report concerning the Gravelines nuclear power plant. Gravelines, located between Calais and Dunkerque and very high power station (5400 MW) with sixth plants. liegining of electricity production in 1980 reached maximum production in 1986. Surveillance studies concern fisheries, intertidal and subtidal zoobenthos hydrology, microbiology, phytoplankton and zoplankton. Studies concern seasonal variations in natural environment and impact study at outfall of plant.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Centrale nucléaire; Gravelines; Surveillance; Hydrologie; Halieutique; Plancton; Microbiologie; Benthos; Nuclear power plant; Gravelines; Network survey; Hydrology; Fisheries; Plankton; Microbiology; Benthos.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00006/11715/8373.pdf

Variations metaboliques des communautes bacteriennes lors d'une pollution par petrole brut, avec ou sans traitement
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Cauchi, B.
Metabolic potentialities of bacterial communities in marine water after Crude Oil pollution (Arabian Light) and in marine water after pollution and treatment (enrichment: Inipol EAP 22) have been studied and compared. With data analysis: regressions, hierarchical ascending classification and multifactor correspondence analysis, the treatment gives rise to conservation and one increase of enzymatic pool (second day) of the bacterial sample as a combined metabolic homogeneity contrary to pollution impact. The direct assimilation of hydrocarbons looks more regular and slow without treatment.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bacteria; Data processing; Pollution effects; Crude oil; Marine pollution; Physiology; Metabolism; Microbiology.
Ano: 1984
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1984/acte-1023.pdf

Balneola vulgaris gen. nov., sp nov., a member of the phylum Bacteroidetes from the north-western Mediterranean Sea
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Urios, Laurent; Agogue, Hélène; Lesongeur, Francoise; Stackebrandt, Erko; Lebaron, Philippe.
A novel aerobic, Gram-negative bacterium, named 13IX/A01/164(T), was isolated from surface waters in the coastal north-western Mediterranean Sea. Cells were motile, straight rods, 2-5 mu m long and 0-2 mu m wide, and formed orange colonies on marine agar medium. The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain 13IX/A01/164T was 42 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence placed the strain in the phylum Bacteroidetes within the family Crenotrichaceae. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison and physiological and biochemical characteristics, this isolate represents a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Balneola vulgaris gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Balneola vulgaris is 13IX/A01/164T (=DSM 17893T=CIP...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mediterranean sea; Coastal waters; Microbiology; Physiology; Biochemistry; Gene sequence; Balneola vulgaris.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-2126.pdf

DNA Checkerboard Method for Bacterial Pathogen Identification in Oral Diseases
Provedor de dados: 77
Autores: Nascimento,Cássio do; Issa,João Paulo Mardegan; Watanabe,Evandro; Ito,Izabel Yoko.
This work aim to show by literature review the principal characteristics of the DNA checkerboard method for bacterial pathogens identification in oral diseases, showing the most varieties uses and applications of this technique
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: DNA Checkerboard; DNA probes; Microbiology; Bacteria.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022006000500017

Bacterial biofilms with emphasis on coagulase-negative staphylococci
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Oliveira,A; Cunha,MLRS.
In addition to their capacity to attach to surfaces, various groups of microorganisms also produce an extracellular polymeric substance known as "slime". This slime forms a thin layer around cells known as biofilm. Thus, biofilm structure comprises bacterial cells and an extracellular polymeric substance. It also presents a defined architecture, providing the microorganisms with an excellent protective environment and favoring the exchange of genetic material between cells as well as intercellular communication. The ability to produce biofilm is observed in a large group of bacteria, including coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) which are the predominant microorganisms of normal skin flora and have been implicated as the causative agents of hospital...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Coagulase-negative staphylococci; Biofilm; Slime; Infection; Microbiology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992008000400003

Varicella notification in immigrants: a brief report from Ferrara, Italy
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Alessandro Cucchi; Silvia Atti; Mauro Bergamini.
Background and Aim of the work - We conducted a survey of varicella cases&amp;#x27; notifications in the immigrant population in the province of Ferrara, Italy.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Materials and Methods &amp;#x2013; We collected notifications of infectious disease between 2002 and 2006. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Results and discussion - At the end of 2006, the 4.5% (14252 subjects) of total population of the province of Ferrara and its province was represented of immigrants from foreign countries. In this context, between 2002 and 2006, a total of 1969 cases of varicella, including 3.1% related to migrants, were reported. Among immigrants, there were 36 cases in males, and 26 in females. The cases were notified in the 64.5% by the...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3361/version/1

Methanogen consortium metabolism characteristic analysis of Illinois basin by real time monitor method
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Dong Xiao; Enyuan Wang.
Microbially Enhance Coalbed Methane technology is used to improve methane content in coalbeds. The methanogen consortium metabolism process is the basic avenue for MECoM to yield methane with some organic compounds in coal. Detailed information about the metabolism process is needed in studying the microbial consortium mechanism. Traditional gas analysis is limited by gas source and test complexity. The real time monitor with Infrared gas sensor breaks the gas analysis limitation. It shows much more detailed information than the traditional analysis method including information about microbial growth factor changes, reaction speeds for environmental changes, the detailed relationship between CH4 and CO2, methane yield and the consumption factor by real...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5426/version/1

Screening of different species of Bacillus against broad spectrum antibiotics
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Vivek Bajpai; Yamini  Singh Sisodia; Pallavi  Sharma; Pankaj Jain.
Sewage is waste suspended in water that is intended to flow away from a community. Sewage effluent contains a wide range of pathogenic microorganisms which may pose health hazards to the human population when they are discharged into the environment. This study is carried out to systematically examine the pathogenic microorganisms in sewage samples isolated from the Shekhawati region of Rajasthan. For this purpose a survey was carried out at the Sewage Treatment plant of the Mody Institute of Technology &amp;#x26; Science, Laxmangarh, Sikar. In this survey we isolated 26 bacterial strains and identified them using biochemical and molecular methods. Different biochemical tests were performed during the study and in molecular identification by DNA isolation,...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Microbiology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6677/version/1

Evidence of existence of totally different types of ribosomes in intermediate animals
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Haoran H. Wang; Mary X. Gao; Sato Kenzo; Kazumitsu Hirai.
In all organisms, messenger-directed protein synthesis is catalyzed by ribonucleoprotein particles called ribosomes. A ribosome is typically composed of one small and one large subunit which contain one short (18S) and one long (28S) rRNAs, respectively. Surprisingly, in this study, three similar size rRNAs (18-21S) were revealed in the electrophoresis profile of the total RNAs of tapeworm _Spirometra erinaceiuropaei_. Northern blot analysis shows that one of the three bands belongs to 18S rRNA, and the other two bands are of 28S rRNAs, implying structurally distinct ribosomes in this intermediate animal. Furthermore, similar, but not identical profiles were observed in two other tapeworms _Diphyllobothrium hottai_ and _Diphyllobothrium Nipponkaiizeme_....
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2608/version/2

Bioconversion of eugenol into food flavouring agent vanillin
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Suaib  Luqman; Sudeep  Tandon; Alok  Somvanshi; Suchita  Srivastava; Mahendra  P. Darokar; Suman  P. S. Khanuja.
Microorganisms have the ability to chemically modify a wide variety of organic compounds by a process referred to as biological or microbial transformation, or in general, bioconversion. The microbial cells and their catalytic machinery (enzymes) accept a wide array of complex molecules as substrates, yielding products with unparallel chiral (enantio-), positional (region-) and chemical (chemo-) selectivity through various biochemical reactions. The present study was formulated on the objective of the conversion of abundantly available phytomolecules eugenol into vanillin, a compound of industrial importance, using microorganisms Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These microbes were found to be capable of converting eugenol...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6926/version/1

Prediction of Evolutionarily important catalytic amino acid of Mycobacterium tuberculosis O-Succinylbenzoate synthase through in silico mutational analysis
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Babajan B; Chaitanya M; Anuradha CM; Suresh Kumar Chitta.
The emergence of tuberculosis resistant to multiple, first- and second-line antibiotics poses challenges to a global control strategy that relies on standard drug treatment regimens. The high drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) have been implicated in outbreaks and have been found throughout the world; a comprehensive understanding, the magnitude of this threat requires an accurate assessment of the worldwide burden of resistance. In an attempt to design anti-TB drugs, the target chosen is a key enzyme of Mtb, O-Succinylbenzoate synthase (OSBS), which is an attractive target for its role in electron transport chain as OSBS is not available in humans.  An attempt has been to built the 3-D structure of Mtb-OSBS using online Swiss model...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Microbiology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3776/version/1

Phosphatidylserine polarization is required for proper Cdc42 localization and for development of cell polarity.
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Gregory Fairn; Sergio Grinstein.
We used genetically-encoded fluorescent probes to visualize the distribution of phosphatidylserine (PS) in live S. cerevisiae. The majority of the PS was found to reside in the cytosolic leaflet of the plasma membrane. Remarkably, PS was polarized, accumulating in bud necks, the bud cortex and the tips of mating projections. Polarization required vectorial delivery of PS-enriched secretory and recycling vesicles. Rapid dissipation of the PS gradient is prevented by the slow diffusion of lipids along the plasmalemmal inner leaflet, estimated by photobleaching recovery measurements to be over an order of magnitude slower than in mammalian cells. In mutants lacking PS-synthase the absence of PS was associated with, and likely responsible for impaired...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4232/version/1

An uncultured human-associated bacterium model
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Jorge M. Dinis; David E. Barton; Jamsheed Ghadiri; Deepa Surendar; Kavitha Reddy; Fernando Velasquez; Carol M. Chaffee; Wendy Lee; Helen Gavrilova; Hazel Ozuna; Samuel A. Smits; Cleber C. Ouverney.
The Bacteria Domain experienced an explosion of novel lineages identified within the last decade, especially of lineages made entirely of uncultured members. Since numerous cultivable bacteria have been shown to be instrumental in human development, health, and diseases, it is reasonable to speculate that strains from uncultured groups, which comprise nearly 80% of the human gut and 68% of human oral microbial consortia, participate in similar functions. The study of human-associated uncultured bacteria, however, has many practical limitations, such as access to patient samples, unpredictable microbial composition, and low relative abundance, all of which challenge experimental promptness and reproducibility. We propose that uncultured bacteria from...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5757/version/1

Some Studies on Circadian Rhythm in the Culture of Omphalina Quelet sp. (Basidiomycota, Agaricales) A Mycobiont of an Unidentified Basidiolichen
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Jyoti Kalangutkar; Nandkumar Kamat.
This paper reports the discovery of circadian rhythm in Omphalina Quelet, in pure culture under laboratory conditions. The species was collected as a mycobiont from an unidentified basidiolichen.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Microbiology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4215/version/1

New fungal sources for &amp;#x3b1;-L-Rhamnosidase: an important enzyme used in the synthesis of drugs and drug precursors
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Vinita  Yadav; Kapil Deo Singh Yadav.
Two fungal strains were isolated and tentatively identified as Penicillium VY and Aspergillus VY. All the isolated species show the maximum production on third day in a liquid culture media. The pH optimum was found to be 10.0 for Penicillium VY and 11.0 for Aspergillus VY. The temperature optima were 50&amp;#xba;C in both the cases. The enzyme produced by Penicillium VY was found to be stable in the pH range 3.0-7.0 and 3.0&amp;#x2013;6.0 in case of Aspergillus VY. The enzyme does not loose activity up to 40&amp;#xba; C in case of Penicillium VY and 40&amp;#xba;C in case of Aspergillus VY if exposed for 1 h.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Microbiology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2560/version/1

Novel mutations in the toll like receptor genes cause hyporesponsiveness to Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Mangesh Bhide; Rastislav Mucha; Ivan Mikula Jr.; Lucia Kisova; Rostislav Skrabana; Michal Novak; Ivan Mikula Sr.
Toll like receptors play a central role in the recognition of pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Mutations in TLR1, TLR2 and TLR4 genes may change the PAMP reorganization ability which causes altered responsiveness to the bacterial pathogens. A case control study, performed to assess the association between TLR gene mutations and susceptibility to Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), revealed novel mutations (TLR1 - Ser150Gly and Val220Met; TLR2 - Phe670Leu) that hindered either PAMP recognition or further downstream TLR pathway activation. A cytokine expression experiments (IL-4, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12 and IFN-&amp;#x3b3;) in the challenged mutant and wild type moDCs (mocyte derived dendritic cells) confirmed the negative impact of...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2637/version/1

Activity of Exoenzymes in Treated Wastewater Irrigated Soils
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Elisabeth J&amp;#xfc;schke; Bernd Marschner.
The reuse of reclaimed wastewater for irrigation of agricultural fields greatly influences the activity of soil microorganisms through the input of organic compounds. Due to the production of exoenzymes by microorganisms for the decomposition of substrates it can be assumed that the irrigation with treated wastewater (TWW) has a strong influence on the soil enzyme pool. In this study the activity of ten exoenzymes, which catalyses processes in C, N and P nutrient cycles, were determined in 3 different soils in 0-10, 10-20, 20-30, 30-50, 50-70 and 70-100 cm soil depth. The soils were used for agriculture and irrigated with reclaimed wastewater reused after a secondary treatment step. Additionally a control after freshwater irrigation was studied. Due to the...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology; Earth &amp; Environment.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6278/version/1

The role of fungi in mediating ecosystem responses to global change
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Kathleen K. Treseder.
Background/Question/Methods&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;In this synthesis of published studies, we address two global change scenarios (global warming and anthropogenic N deposition) in which fungi can form feedbacks on carbon cycling that are counterintuitive to prevailing predictions and models. In each case, a consideration of fungal ecology, physiology, or evolutionary constraints could lead to changes in the sign or magnitude of carbon storage within soils, compared to current predictions. In the case of global warming, the majority of global carbon models that address this issue are parameterized so that decomposition rates increase in response&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;to warming, and that this increase is sustained in the long-term. Indeed, the majority of field...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology; Earth &amp; Environment.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5506/version/1

Soil Microbial Community Composition and Enzyme Activity Responses to an Intensive SilvopastoralSystem of Colombia
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Victoria E. Vallejo; Richard P. Dick; Arbeli Ziv; Wilson Ter&amp;#xe1;n; Fabio Rold&amp;#xe1;n.
Extensive cattle production occupies more than 27% of the rural landscapes in Latin America, and nowadays is considered as a major driver of tropical deforestation. Conventional monoculture pasture (CP) systems have degraded soils and caused negative environmental impacts. Recent years have shown increasing interest in the development of alternatives to the CP with a high efficiency of internal resource use and thus lower input requirement and cost. To address this, intensive silvopastoral systems (ISS) have been developed where trees are integrated with crops, pastures, and cattle for environmental and economic benefits. Soil microbial communities drive nutrients cycling and play an essential role in maintaining and improving soil quality; however, little...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6265/version/1

Is the innate bio-protection power against human virus the same between males and females? A conclusion based on blood donor data of HTLV-I infection and case data of infectious diseases
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Nobuoki Eshima; Minoru Tabata; Yasunori Higuchi; Shigeru Karukaya.
Human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) is a retrovirus that causes adult T-cell leukemia. The male-to-female transmission is stronger than the reverse, so the carrier proportion of women is greater than that of men. On the other hand, since the mother-to-child transmission route via the breast-feeding is common for baby boys and girls, it has been thought the HTLV-I proportions of boys and girls are the same until now. A question arises as to whether the &amp;#x2018;innate protection powers against human virus&amp;#x2019; are the same between males and females. We utilize HTLV-I infection blood donor data in 1995-1998 and case data of main infectious diseases such as influenza, mumps, herpangina, hand-hoot-and-mouse disease, chicken pox, etc. Blood...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Immunology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1987/version/2

An experimental and modelling exploration of the host-sanction hypothesis in legume-rhizobia mutualism
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Diana Marco; Juan Carbajal; Sergio Cannas; Rebeca Perez-Arnedo; Angeles Hidalgo-Perea; Jose Olivares; Jose  Ruiz-Sainz; Juan Sanju&amp;#xe1;n.
Despite the importance of mutualism as a key ecological process, its persistence in nature is difficult to explain since the existence of exploitative, &amp;#x27;cheating&amp;#x27; partners that could erode the interaction is common. By analogy with the proposed policing strategy stabilizing intraspecific cooperation, host sanctions against non N2 fixing, cheating symbionts have been proposed as a force stabilizing mutualism in legume-Rhizobium symbiosis. Following this proposal, penalizations would include decreased nodular rhizobial viability and/or early nodule senescence in nodules occupied by cheating rhizobia. In this work, we analyze the stability of Rhizobium-legume symbiosis when &amp;#x22;cheating&amp;#x22; strains are present, using an...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1964/version/1

Explaining microbial population genomics through phage predation
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Francisco Rodriguez-Valera; Ana-Bel&amp;#xe9;n Mart&amp;#xed;n-Cuadrado; Beltr&amp;#xe1;n Rodriguez-Brito; Lejla Pasic; T. Frede Thingstad; Forest Rohwer; Alex Mira.
The remarkable diversity of genes within the pool of prokaryotic genomes belonging to the same species or pan-genome is difficult to reconcile with the widely accepted paradigm which asserts that periodic selection within bacterial populations would regularly purge genomic diversity by clonal replacement. Recent evidence from metagenomics indicates that even within a single sample a large diversity of genomes can be present for a single species. We have found that much of the differential gene content affects regions that are potential phage recognition targets. We therefore propose the operation of Constant-Diversity dynamics in which the diversity of prokaryotic populations is preserved by phage predation. We provide supporting evidence for this model...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3489/version/1

The 2010 Scientific Strategic Plan of the Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise: A Roadmap for the Future
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Alan Bernstein; Peter Piot.
HIV/AIDS is arguably the most significant health challenge facing the world today. The 2008 numbers tell the story: 33.4 million were living with HIV, 2 million people died of AIDS and 2.7 million people were newly infected. Despite impressive scientific advances in developing over two dozen drugs to treat HIV infections, there is still no cure. In addition, only about one-third of those who need drugs have access to therapy.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;In 2003, recognizing the enormity of the scientific and humanitarian challenge of HIV/AIDS, two-dozen leading investigators and major funding organizations formed the Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise, a voluntary alliance of independent organizations committed to working together to accelerate the...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4803/version/2

A Simple, Rapid Method for Extracting Large Plasmid DNA from Bacteria
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Spencer D. Heringa; Jonathan D. Monroe; James B. Herrick.
We are studying the lateral transfer of transmissible antibiotic resistance plasmids among stream bacteria impacted by fecal runoff from poultry and cattle. Such plasmids are typically large (ca. 40 &amp;#x2013; 100 kb) and occur in low copy numbers in the cell and have therefore typically been difficult to isolate and therefore to study. Traditional protocols, based upon variations of the standard alkaline-lysis method, are long (ca. 1 1/2 to 2 days) and difficult. Commercial kits designed for the isolation of Baterial Artificial Chromosomes (BACs) can be used and are an improvement; however, these are expensive and still require hours of sustained effort. We have adapted a method published by Rondon et al. (1999), originally designed for the isolation of...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1249/version/1

Magnetic Resonance imaging (MRI) in detection of _Bifidobacterium longum_ and _Clostridium novyi-NT_ labeled with superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticle
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Jianhua Wang; Xuebin Zhang; Dayong Zhou; Qingguo Wang; Dan Li.
*Purpose:* To investigate the MR imaging of _Bifidobacterium longum_ and _Clostridium novyi-NT_ labeling with superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;*Materials and methods:* Tubes containing _B. longum_-SPIO, Free-SPIO, _B. longum_ and PYG Medium were incubated under anaerobic condition in _in vitro_ experiment. Transmission electron microscope and Prussian blue staining were used to demonstrate intra-bacteria nanoparticles. R~2~^*^ mapping and R~2~ mapping were reconstructed after MR scanning. _B. longum_-SPIO and _C. novyi_-NT-SPIO were injected respectively _in vivo_ to show whether it might be traced by MR imaging.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;*Results:* Magnetosomes in bacteria were observed by...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Microbiology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3435/version/1

Discriminatory power of MicroResp^TM^ analyses across variable spatial scales in semiarid ecological zones
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Mohammad E. W. Tahtamouni; Adrian Unc; Mary Lucero; Sa&amp;#x27;eb Khresat.
Indirect assessment of enzymatic activity potential via substrate induced respiration is a common tool used to evaluate variability in soil microbial activity induced by environmental or management variables. The MicroResp&amp;#x2122; method for total soil sample catabolic profiling has been employed to estimate divergence in microbial activities under contrasting conditions. Here we evaluate the potential for the method to discriminate across samples exposed to similar ecological conditions at distinct geographical locations, and across samples exposed to distinct soil management conditions. Samples used in this report came from four spatially distinct arid or semi arid locations in New Mexico, USA and Jordan. For all scales of comparison, similar...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology; Earth &amp; Environment.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6204/version/1

Patterns in soil ammonia-oxidizer response to global change
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Kathryn M. Docherty; Brendan Bohannan; Audrey Niboyet; Xavier LeRoux.
Background/Question/Methods&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;The Domains Archaea and Bacteria contain the vast majority of Earth&amp;#x2019;s biodiversity and biomass, and their members play critical, often exclusive, roles in many biogeochemical cycles and ecosystem services. Human-induced global change, particularly with respect to increased nitrogen deposition, has the potential to drastically alter how soil nitrifying communities perform their biogeochemical function. Additionally, multi-factor global change can alter how microbial communities interact with each other and with the associated plant communities. This study, performed in the context of the long-term Jasper Ridge Global Change Experiment (JRGCE) in a California grassland ecosystem, examines how...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology; Earth &amp; Environment.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5508/version/1

The water clock of Proteus mirabilis paces colony periodic and synchronous swarming
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Elodie Lahaye; Frederic Jamme; Olivier Sire.
For decades, the origin of the concentric ring pattern of bacterial swarming colonies has puzzled microbiologists. Thanks to _in situ_ and real time infrared microspectroscopy and the brilliance of the infrared beam at SOLEIL synchrotron, we demonstrate here that _Proteus mirabilis_ swarming is paced by a periodic variation of the water activity at colony&amp;#x27;s edge. This periodic variation originates a phase transition within the extracellular matrix water H bond network which switches on and off the exopolysaccharides viscoelasticity and, consequently, the ability of bacterial cells to swarm. A dynamic behaviour emerges from the global properties of the multicellular entity which here relies on the ability of the bacterial cells to tune exoproducts...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4455/version/1

Persisters show heritable phenotype and generate bacterial heterogeneity and noise in protein expression
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Jaison Jacob.
Persisters are a small subpopulation of bacteria that survive a lethal concentration of antibiotic without antibiotic resistance genes. Isolation of persisters from normally dividing population is considered difficult due to their slow growth, low numbers and phenotypic shift i.e. when re-grown in antibiotic free medium, they revert to parent population. Inability to isolate persisters is a major hindrance in this field of research. Here we reject the &amp;#x2018;phenotypic shift&amp;#x2019; phenomenon exhibited by persisters. Persisters, on the other hand, exhibit a heritable phenotype and can be easily isolated from a normally dividing population that allows their selective growth. Rather than a single subset, they comprise many distinct subgroups each...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1411/version/2

Is the infection/latency/reactivation cycle of viruses an oncogenic engine?
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Alessandro Ripalti.
Human oncogenic viruses are defined as necessary but not sufficient to initiate cancer. Experimental evidence suggests that the oncogenic potential of a virus is effective only in cells that have already accumulated a number of genetic mutations leading to cell cycle deregulation. Current models for viral driven oncogenesis cannot explain why tumor development in carriers of tumorigenic viruses is a very rare event, occurring decades after virus infection. Considering that viruses are mutagenic agents _per se_ and human oncogenic viruses additionally establish latent and persistent infections, I attempt here to provide a mechanism of tumor initiation both for RNA and DNA viruses, suggesting viruses could be both necessary and sufficient in human...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1285/version/1

The human genome is composed of viral DNA: Viral homologues of the protein products cause Alzheimer&amp;#x27;s disease and others via autoimmune mechanisms.
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Christopher J. Carter.
The human genome is composed of millions of fragmented contiguous viral DNA sequences, dating from the dawn of evolution and reflecting retroviral insertions over millions of years of coexistence. Herpes and other viral insertion points correspond to the locations of over 120 Alzheimer&amp;#x27;s disease susceptibility genes and to linkage hotspots. The greater the number of pathogen matches, the more important the gene. These DNA sequences are translated into short contiguous 5-12 amino acid stretches (vatches), identical in viruses and man, and in other pathogens implicated in Alzheimer&amp;#x27;s disease (_Borrelia_, _Chlamydia_, _Helicobacter_, _C. Neoformans_ , _P. Gingivalis_). _C. Neoformans_, which has been associated with a rare but curable form...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4765/version/1

Foregut microbiome in development of esophageal adenocarcinoma
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Liying Yang; William  E. Oberdorf; Erika Gerz; Tamasha  Parsons; Pinak  Shah; Sukhleen Bedi; Carlos W. Nossa; Stuart  M. Brown; Yu Chen; Mengling Liu; Michael Poles; Fritz Francois; Morris Traube; Navjeet  Singh; Todd Z. DeSantis; Gary L. Andersen; Monika  Bihan; Les Foster; Aaron  Tenney; Daniel  Brami; Mathangi  Thiagarajan; Indresh K. Singh; Manolito   Torralba; Shibu  Yooseph; Yu-Hui  Rogers; Eoin L. Brodie; Karen E. Nelson; Zhiheng Pei.
Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EA), the type of cancer linked to heartburn due to gastroesophageal reflux diseases (GERD), has increased six fold in the past 30 years.  This cannot currently be explained by the usual environmental or by host genetic factors. EA is the end result of a sequence of GERD-related diseases, preceded by reflux esophagitis (RE) and Barrett&amp;#x2019;s esophagus (BE). Preliminary studies by Pei and colleagues at NYU on elderly male veterans identified two types of microbiotas in the esophagus. Patients who carry the type II microbiota are &amp;#x3e;15 fold likely to have esophagitis and BE than those harboring the type I microbiota. In a small scale study, we also found that 3 of 3 cases of EA harbored the type II biota. The findings...
Tipo: Marker Paper / Data Plan
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Bioinformatics; Data Standards.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5026/version/1

Development and comparison of ECC-rtPCR with in vivo method to determine the viability and infectivity of Giardial cysts
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: M. Khalid Ijaz; Absar Alum; Basel  Sbai; Hamas  Asaad; Joseph Rubino.
Globally, Giardia is one of the major cause of diarrheal illnesses and rapid diagnostic methods differentiating infectious cysts are critical for developing intervention strategies through contaminated surfaces, food and water. This is currently hampered by lack of an in vitro model.  We evaluated mRNA expression in trophozoites and their attachment to a CaCo2 (C2bb) cell monolayer and changes in trans-cellular resistance as an indicator of Giardia viability and infectivity.  Heat shock mRNA in Giardia cysts and variant specific protein (VSP) mRNA in trophozoites were quantified by RT-PCR. When compared with neonatal mice infectivity, the attachment of trophozoites to cell monolayers, expression of VSP, and changes in the trans-cellular resistance, the...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Immunology; Microbiology; Earth &amp; Environment.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5501/version/1

CloVR-Microbe: Assembly, gene finding and functional annotation of raw sequence data from single microbial genome projects &amp;#x2013; standard operating procedure, version 1.0
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Kevin Galens; James R. White; Cesar Arze; Malcolm Matalka; Michelle Gwinn Giglio; The CloVR Team; Owen White; Samuel V. Angiuoli; W. Florian Fricke.
The CloVR-Microbe pipeline performs the basic processing and analysis steps required for standard microbial single-genome sequencing projects: A) Whole-genome shotgun sequence assembly; B) Identification of protein and RNA-coding genes; and C) Functional gene annotation. B) and C) are based on the IGS Annotation Engine (http://ae.igs.umaryland.edu/), which is described elsewhere (K Galens et al. submitted). The assembly component of CloVR- Microbe can be executed independently from the gene identification and annotation components. Alternatively, pre-assembled sequence contigs can be used to perform gene identifications and annotations. The pipeline input may consist of unassembled raw sequence reads from the Sanger, Roche/454 GS FLX or Illumina GAII or...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5887/version/2

Myosin II isoforms with separate but linked functions determine the fate of lamellipodia extension during cell spreading
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Venkaiah Betapudi.
Non-muscle myosin II role has been implicated in the extension of lamellipodia, a critical step in the initiation of directed cell migration, invasion and other cellular processes, but the mechanistic details are limited to driving retrograde actin filaments. The present study reveals distinct localization of myosin IIA and IIB with an unexpected opposite mechanical roles in mediating lamellipodia extension during spreading. Attachment of cells to matrix is impaired in the absence of either isoforms, but differential regulation of focal contacts formation occurs in myosin IIA^-^; and IIB^-^; cells. Spreading cells expressing both isoforms display an organized actin network consisting of retrograde filaments, arcs and central filaments. Loss of actin arcs...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2868/version/1

Populational analysis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains from different appellations of origin and grape varieties by microsatellite analysis.
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Leonor Pereira; Filomena L. Duarte; Paulo T. Ramos; Maria F. Alem&amp;#xe3;o; Paula Gomes; Ana C. Gomes; Susana  Sousa; Sofia Machado; Manuel Santos; Margarida Casal; Dorit Schuller.
The objective of the present study was to evaluate populational relationships among Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains isolated from some of the Portuguese most important grapevine varieties in different appellations of origin, using polymorphic microsatellites.  &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;One hundred ninety two grape samples were collected during the 2006 and 2007 harvest season in the Vinho Verde (grape varieties: Arinto, Alvarinho, Avesso, Loureiro, Touriga Nacional) Bairrada (grape varieties: Arinto, Baga, Castel&amp;#xe3;o Franc&amp;#xea;s, Maria Gomes, Touriga Nacional) Alentejo (grape varieties, Aragon&amp;#xea;s, Trincadeira, Touriga Nacional), Terras do Sado (grape variety Castel&amp;#xe3;o) Bucelas (grape variety Arinto) and Estremadura (grape varieties:...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2290/version/1

Structural and functional validation of Microsystin synthetases
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Swapnil G. Sanmukh; Waman N. Paunikar.
The structure and function prediction for the Microsystin synthetases from Microsystis aerogenosa (LNSAMB) were carried out for verifying the authenticity of the sequenced genes. The genes for Microsystin synthetases (mcyA, mcyB, mcyD and mcyE,), were predicted by the application of computational methods and Bioinformatics web tools. The probable function prediction for the proteins was done by using Bioinformatics web tools like CDD-BLAST, INTERPROSCAN, PFAM and COGs by searching protein databases for the presence of conserved domains. While tertiary structures were constructed using PS2 Server- Protein Structure Prediction server. This study revealed structural and functional validation of sequenced genes.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6835/version/1

Familial and late-onset Alzheimer&amp;#x27;s disease: Autoimmune disorders triggered by viral, microbial and allergen mimics of beta-amyloid and APP mutants ?
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Christopher Carter.
Beta-amyloid (A[beta]) autoantibodies are common in Alzheimer&amp;#x27;s disease. Some may be derived from Herpes simplex and 68 other virus proteins matching an immunogenic and fibrillogenic VGGVV A[beta] sequence.Many other viral, microbial and allergenic proteins (particularly from dust mites) align with A[beta] as do proteins from _C.Neoformans_ which has been associated with a rare but curable form of the disorder. Immune-related proteins are present in amyloid plaques and the complement membrane attack complex in neurones in Alzheimer&amp;#x27;s disease brains. Alzheimer&amp;#x27;s disease may thus be an autoimmune disorder triggered by pathogenic antigens homologous to A[beta], whose antibodies target and kill A[beta] containing neurones, via immune...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4662/version/1

Inflammation targets specific organs for cancer in carriers of BRCA1/2 pathway mutations
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Bernard Friedenson.
Women who inherit a defective BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene have risks for breast/ovarian cancer that are so high and apparently so selective that many mutation carriers choose to have the most likely targets for cancer surgically removed.  Recent research has focused on better methods of treating such seemingly unavoidable hereditary cancers.  Prevention has received much less attention so a positive test result for a cancer gene leaves carriers with very limited options.  &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;In order to prevent BRCA1/2 related cancers, it may be important to understand why they seem to occur only in certain characteristic organs.   Results here show that mutations in a pathway depending on BRCA1/2 gene products magnify cancer risks from chronic infection and...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4225/version/1

A Unifying Scenario on the Origin and Evolution of Cellular and Viral Domains
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Claudiu I. Bandea.
The cellular theory on the nature of life has been one of the first major advancements in biology. Viruses, however, are the most abundant life forms, and their exclusion from mainstream biology and the Tree of Life (TOL) is a major paradox in biology. This article presents a broad, unifying scenario on the origin and evolution of cellular and viral domains that challenges the conventional views about the history of life and supports a TOL that includes viruses. Co-evolution of viruses and their host cells has led to some of the most remarkable developments and transitions in the evolution of life, including the origin of non-coding DNA as a genomic protective device against viral insertion damage. However, one of the major fundamental evolutionary...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3888/version/1

Computational binding mechanism of Mycobacterium tuberculosis UDP-NAG enolpyruvyl transferase (MurA) with inhibitors fosfomycin, cyclic disulfide analog RWJ-3981, pyrazolopyrimidine analog RWJ-110192, purine analog  RWJ-140998, 5-sulfonoxy-anthranilic aci
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: C. M. Anuradha; B. Babajan; M. Chaitanaya; C. Rajasekhar; Suresh Kumar Chitta.
Worldwide, tuberculosis (TB) remains the most frequent and important infectious disease causing morbidity and death. One-third of the world&amp;#x27;s population is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the etiologic agent of TB. In this context, TB is in the top three, with malaria and HIV being the leading causes of death from a single infectious agent, and about two million deaths are attributable to TB annually. The bacterial enzyme MurA catalyzes the transfer of enolpyruvate from phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to uridine diphospho-N-acetylglucosamine (UNAG), which is the first committed step of bacterial cell wall biosynthesis.  In this work, 3D structural model of Mtb-MurA enzyme has been developed, for the first time, by homology modeling and...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3731/version/1

Structural Analysis of Outer Membrane Beta-stranded Porins using Temperature Factor
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Abhishek Kumar.
Computational and statistical analysis has formed a large component of the biophysical efforts put forth to understand protein structure and function, due to the diversity and complexity of their structure. Outer membrane proteins form a diverse and complex set of proteins. Of these, porins which allow passage of molecules across the membrane interface have been analyzed here from a biophysical and structural perspective. The objective of this study is to analyze the structural organization of porins using atomic temperature factor as a parameter. Generally atomic temperature factors of molecules from crystal structures indicate the degree of mobility or disorder seen in the crystal structure. As good crystal structures have fewer possibilities of errors...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7016/version/1

Mummification in a Bitch: A case report
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Perumal P; Venkateswaralu B; D.N. Mohanty; Srinibas  Das; Ashok Kumar Barik; P.C. Mishra.
A pug aged 5 years was admitted in the Lyka pet clinic with difficulty in parturition. Breeding history of the dog was collected from the owner. X-ray was conducted which confirmed the presence of foetus. The bitch was manually handled to relieve the Dystocia following intravenous drip of N.S.S. and oxytocin. In the vent of unsuccessful attempt the bitch was surgically operated for C.S. and six fetuses of which four normal and two mummified were relieved. Routine post operative care were undertaken and the bitch recovered normally with out any complication. Photographic recording was also made during the recovery of mummified foetus.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7063/version/1

The &amp;#x201c;Minimum Information about an ENvironmental Sequence&amp;#x201d; (MIENS) specification
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Pelin  Yilmaz; Renzo Kottmann; Dawn Field; Rob Knight; James R. Cole; Linda Amaral-Zettler; Jack A. Gilbert; Ilene Karsch-Mizrachi; Anjanette  Johnston; Guy Cochrane; Robert  Vaughan; Christopher Hunter; Joonhong Park; Norman Morrison; Phillipe Rocca-Serra; Peter Sterk; Mani Arumugam; Laura Baumgartner; Bruce W. Birren; Martin J. Blaser; Vivien Bonazzi; Peer Bork; Pier Luigi Buttigieg; Patrick Chain; Elizabeth K. Costello; Heather Huot-Creasy; Peter Dawyndt; Todd DeSantis; Noah Fierer; Jed Fuhrman; Rachel E. Gallery; Richard A. Gibbs; Michelle Gwinn Giglio; Inigo San Gil; Elizabeth M. Glass; Antonio Gonzalez; Jeffrey I. Gordon; Robert Guralnick; Wolfgang Hankeln; Sarah Highlander; Philip Hugenholtz; Janet Jansson; Jerry Kennedy; Dan Knights; Omry Koren; Justin Kuczynski; Nikos Kyrpides; Robert Larsen; Christian L. Lauber; Teresa Legg; Ruth E. Ley; Catherine  A. Lozupone; Wolfgang Ludwig; Donna Lyons; Eamonn  Maguire; Barbara A. Meth&amp;#xe9;; Folker Meyer; Sara Nakielny; Karen E. Nelson; Diana Nemergut; Josh D. Neufeld; Norman R. Pace; Giriprakash Palanisamy; J&amp;#xf6;rg Peplies; Jane Peterson; Joseph Petrosino; Lita Proctor; Jeroen Raes; Sujeevan Ratnasingham; Jacques Ravel; David A. Relman; Susanna Assunta-Sansone; Lynn Schriml; Erica Sodergren; Aym&amp;#xe9; Spor; Jesse Stombaugh; James M. Tiedje; Doyle V. Ward; George M. Weinstock; Doug Wendel; Owen White; Andreas Wilke; Jennifer Wortmann; Frank Oliver Gl&amp;#xf6;ckner.
We present the Genomic Standards Consortium&amp;#x2019;s (GSC) &amp;#x201c;Minimum Information about an ENvironmental Sequence&amp;#x201d; (MIENS) standard for describing marker genes. Adoption of MIENS will enhance our ability to analyze natural genetic diversity across the Tree of Life as it is currently being documented by massive DNA sequencing efforts from myriad ecosystems in our ever-changing biosphere.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Ecology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Bioinformatics; Earth &amp; Environment.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5252/version/1

Bacteria have transient influences on marine corrosion of steel
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Robert E. Melchers; Robert Jeffrey.
The contribution of bacteria to the corrosion mass loss and to pitting of mild steel was observed over 2.5 years using parallel streams of unpolluted natural (biotic) and nominally sterilized (abiotic) Pacific Ocean coastal seawater. As also observed by others, in artificial laboratory exposures, corrosion mass loss within the first few days of exposure was much greater in the biotic stream. However, after only about 10 days the difference in mass losses were gradually reduced and were very similar up to about one year of exposure. Thereafter, the corrosion loss in the biotic stream again became more severe. Pitting corrosion in the biotic stream was more severe from the very first exposure throughout the 2.5 years. Corrosion in both seawater streams...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Microbiology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5767/version/1

DNA^+Pro^: an Improved Progressive Multiple Sequence Alignment Algorithm for Evolutionary Analysis Using Combined DNA-Protein Sequences
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Xiaolong Wang; Shuang-yong  Xu; Deming  Gou.
Alignment of DNA and protein sequences is a basic tool in the study of evolutionary, structural and functional relationship among macromolecules. Present sequence alignment methods are somewhat error-prone, often producing systematic bias. Errors in sequence alignments sometimes lead to subsequent misinterpretation of evolutionary, structural and functional information in genes, proteins and genomes. In traditional sequence alignment algorithms, alignments of DNA and protein sequences are conducted separately. It has been long believed that the phylogenetic signal disappears more rapidly from DNA sequences than from encoded proteins. It is therefore generally preferable to align sequences at the amino acid level. Here we present a new...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4898/version/1

Do they or don&amp;#x27;t they? A synthesis of microbial response to environmental change
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Teri C. Balser.
Background/Question/Methods&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Microbial communities have long been thought to possess infinite plasticity, yet evidence in recent years increasingly indicates compositional resistance to change.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;While this discovery may largely be due to the changing nature of soil biological research &amp;#x2013; with its move beyond single-season and single-factor experiments, it nevertheless highlights a critical area in current ecosystem studies and soil microbial ecology. Do they or don&amp;#x27;t they change? When? Under what circumstances? And does it matter?&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Results/Conclusions&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;In this talk I review microbial community compositional shifts. First I address general microbial response...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology; Earth &amp; Environment.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5504/version/1

Marker Paper: The Urethral Microbiome of Adolescent Males
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: J. Dennis Fortenberry; David E. Nelson; Qunfeng Dong.
Project ID: 46317 &amp;#x2013; No publication moratorium.  &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;The microflora of the anterior male urethra during adolescence is poorly described and no data address the range of &amp;#x201c;typical&amp;#x201d; urethral organisms during adolescence as functions of pubertal development or onset of various types of partnered sexual activity. This means that current understanding of the urethral microbiome in adolescent men rests entirely on limited data inferred from adults, and from epidemiologic and behavioral explanations. Marked ethnic group variation in adolescent sexual behaviors and disparity in conditions such as sexually transmitted infections (STI) justifies exploration of potential ethnic group differences in the...
Tipo: Marker Paper / Data Plan
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Data Standards.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5221/version/1

Protective vaccination in the horse against _Streptococcus equi_ with recombinant antigens
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Bengt Guss; Margareta Flock; Lars Frykberg; Andrew Waller; Carl Robinson; Ken Smith; Jan-Ingmar Flock.
_Streptococcus equi_ subspecies _equi_ (_S. equi_) is a clonal, equine host-adapted pathogen of global importance that causes a highly contagious suppurative lymphodendopathy of the head and neck, more commonly known as Strangles. The disease is highly prevalent, can be severe and spread easily by visibly infected animals or by carrier animals that show no clinical signs of disease. Antibiotic treatment is usually ineffective. However, the majority of horses develop immunity to re-infection, suggesting that vaccination should be a feasible way to prevent the infection. Live attenuated vaccine strains of _S. equi_ are available but adverse reactions have been reported and they suffer from a short duration of immunity. Thus, a safe and effective vaccine...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2985/version/1

Viral organization of human proteins
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Stefan Wuchty.
A compilation of experimentally verified interactions between HIV-1 and human proteins allows insights into the intricate interplay between viral and host proteins on a large scale.We find that HIV-1 predominantly targets rich-clubs, human proteins that are not only well connected but also strongly intertwined among each other. These assemblies of proteins putatively serve as an infection gateway, allowing the virus to take control of the human host by reaching protein pathways and diversified cellular functions in a pronounced and focused way. In particular, HIV-1 utilizes its small number of proteins in a combinatorial manner, exerting a significant influence on pathways that deal with transcriptional, translational and degradation processes....
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2041/version/1

Azadirachta indica induced suppression of Mycobacterium tuberculosis secreted proteins in human monocyte
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Jawed Iqbal; Ajay Kumar; Najmul Islam.
The H37Rv strain of MTB was grown in modified Sauton&amp;#x2019;s medium till mid-log phase. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated by density gradient sedimentation on Ficoll-Paque separation medium. Adherent monocytes obtained from PBMC&amp;#x2019;s were infected with H37Rv for 90 min. in the ratio of 1:1 (1 bug: 1 cell). Thereafter, after washing, infected cells were co-cultured with varying doses of neem extract for 24 hrs, and harvested subsequently. Modulation of secreted TNF-[alpha], iNOS and MTB Ag85 complex expressions in culture supernatants was estimated by ELISA.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;We report the high basal expression of secreted tumor necrosis factor-[alpha] (TNF-[alpha]), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and MTB Ag85...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1562/version/1

Grofit: Fitting biological growth curves
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Matthias Kahm; Guido Hasenbrink; Hella Lichtenberg-Frate; Jost Ludwig; Maik Kschischo.
Growth experiments are routinely used to analyze basic properties of a given organism or cellular model. Similarly, within the TRANSLUCENT project the characterization of cellular growth and particularly under conditions of high extra cellular potassium or sodium is an important task. Any growth analysis should ideally reveal a relationship between the concentration of a compound/substrate and its effect on a particular growth parameter. In view of the quite labor intensive analysis of hundreds of growth curves - sometimes not revealing ideal relationships - the Grofit-software was developed to support biologists and such approaches. Within the software package, specifically tailored regression and bootstrapping techniques are utilized to statistically...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4508/version/1

A Proposal of Genomic Analytical Workflow in a Bacterial Pathogen Outbreak Investigation
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Hoi Shan Kwan; Chun Hang Au; Chi Keung Cheng; Man Kit Cheung; Qianli Huang; Lei Li; Wenyan Nong; Man Chun Wong.
The German Escherichia coli O104:H4 outbreak causing Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS) started in early May 2011. Conventional typing methods including serotyping, multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) and pulse-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) seemed to yield only limited information about the causative agent. The advantages of the Genome sequencing approach are apparent compared to conventional methods. Genome sequencing and analyses with an appropriate workflow would be the new paradigm in bacterial outbreak investigation.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6663/version/1

Studies in preparation of banana wine (fruit wine)
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Surajbhan  Sevda; Pramod Khartmol; Lambert Rodrigues.
Banana is a tropical fruit, which is grown abundantly in India. It is mainly composed of soluble sugars, starch and other polysaccharides. The juice was extracted from the normal ripe fruits with the help of pectinase enzyme. Optimization of pectinase treatment was done by RSM method. Wine was prepared by using two strains of  Saccharomyces cerevisiae NCIM 3283 &amp;#x26; NCIM 3046. The size of inoculum, effective pH, temperature, level of SO2 , level of DAP for both strains was optimized. It was found that NCIM 3046 gave better results compared to the other strain. Soluble solids (SS), pH and specific gravity decreased while titratable acidity (TA) increased with increasing length of fermentation of the juice. Sensory evaluation results showed that banana...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Microbiology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5774/version/1

Plant regulation of microbial enzyme production in situ
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Colin Averill; Adrien C. Finzi.
Soil extracellular enzymes regulate the rate at which complex organic forms of nitrogen (N) become bio-available. Much research has focused on the limitations to heterotrophic enzyme production via lab incubations, but little has been done to understand the limitations to enzyme production in situ. We created root and symbiotic mycelia exclusion treatments using mesh in-growth bags in the field to isolate the effect of roots and other portions of the microbial community on enzyme production. When fertilized with complex protein N we found increases in N-degrading enzyme concentrations only when root in-growth was allowed. No response was observed when complex N was added to root-free treatments. Expanding on economic rules of microbial element limitation...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology; Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6353/version/1

Concurrent Acquisition of a Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in Diverse Influenza H5N1 Clade 2.2 Sub-clades
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Henry L. Niman; Magdi D. Saad; Mona M. Aly; Jeffery  Tjaden; Kenneth C. Earhart; Marshall R. Monteville; Moustafa M. Mansour; Nasr El-Sayed; Ahmed E. Nayel; Ahmed S. Abdelghani; Hala M. Esmat; Emad M. Labib; Ehab A. Ayoub; Abdelattar  Arafa; Gregory A. Raczniak; Mensah Agyen-Frempong; William K. Ampofo; Bruce R. Boynton.
Highly pathogenic Influenza A H5N1 was first identified in Guangdong Province in 1996, followed by human cases in Hong Kong in 1997. The number of confirmed human cases now exceeds 300, and the associated Case Fatality Rate exceeds 60%. The genetic diversity of the serotype continues to increase. Four distinct clades or sub-clades have been linked to human cases. The gradual genetic changes identified in the sub-clades have been attributed to copy errors by viral encoded polymerases that lack an editing function, thereby resulting in antigenic drift. We report here the concurrent acquisition of the same polymorphism by multiple, genetically distinct, clade 2.2 sub-clades in Egypt, Russia, and Ghana. These changes are not easily explained by the current...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Ecology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/459/version/3

VO: Vaccine Ontology
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Yongqun He; Lindsay Cowell; Alexander  D. Diehl; Harry  Mobley; Bjoern  Peters; Alan  Ruttenberg; Richard  H. Scheuermann; Ryan R. Brinkman; Melanie  Courtot; Chris Mungall; Zuoshuang  Xiang; Fang Chen; Thomas  Todd; Lesley  Colby; Howard  Rush; Trish  Whetzel; Mark  A. Musen; Brian  D. Athey; Gilbert  S. Omenn; Barry  Smith.
The collaborative, community-based Vaccine Ontology (VO) was developed to promote vaccine data standardization, integration, and computer-assisted reasoning. Currently VO covers a variety of aspects of the vaccine domain, with an emphasis on classification of vaccines and vaccine components, and on host immune response to vaccines. VO can be used for a number of applications, e.g., ontology-based vaccine literature mining through collaboration with the National Center for Integrative Biomedical Informatics (NCIBI).
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3553/version/1

Young and Early Career Investigators: Report from a Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise Working Group
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Dan H. Barouch; Thumbi  Ndung&amp;#x2019;u; Galit  Alter; Timothy  Cardozo; Bhavna  Chohan; Jacques  Fellay; Nicole  Frahm; Jonathan Fuchs; Alasdair Leslie; Yong Liu; Penny  L. Moore; Raul  Rabadan.
The scientific challenges facing HIV-1 vaccine development are unprecedented in the history of vaccinology. As a result, investigators, funders, and other stakeholders generally agree that &amp;#x201c;game-changing&amp;#x201d; ideas are required. While innovation can certainly arise from investigators at all career stages, young and early-career investigators, defined as those under 40 years of age or within 10 years of their final degree or clinical training, are especially key contributors of novel and transformative ideas. Young and early-career investigators bring energy, enthusiasm, and fresh perspectives that are unbiased by prevailing dogma and that are essential to scientific progress.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4800/version/2

The Origin and Evolution of Viruses as Molecular Organisms
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Claudiu I. Bandea.
Viruses are the most abundant life forms and the repertoire of viral genes is greater than that of cellular genes. It is also evident that viruses have played a major role in driving cellular evolution, and yet, viruses are not part of mainstream biology, nor are they included in the Tree of Life. A reason for this major paradox in biology is the misleading dogma of viruses as viral particles and their enigmatic evolutionary origin. This article presents an alternative view about the nature of viruses based on their properties during the intracellular stage of their life cycle, when viruses express features comparable to those of many parasitic cellular species. Supporting this view about the nature of viruses is a novel hypothetical evolutionary model for...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3886/version/1

Effects of diamagnetic levitation on bacterial growth in liquid
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Richard J. A. Hill; Oliver J. Larkin; Paul Anthony; Michael R. Davey; Laurence Eaves; Catherine E. D. Rees; Camelia E. Dijkstra.
Diamagnetic levitation is a technique that uses a strong, spatially-varying magnetic field to levitate diamagnetic materials, such as water and biological cells. This technique has the potential to simulate aspects of weightlessness, on the Earth.  In common with all ground-based techniques to simulate weightlessness, however, there are effects introduced by diamagnetic levitation that are not present in space. Since there have been few studies that systematically investigate these differences, diamagnetic levitation is not yet being fully exploited. For the first time, we critically assess the effect of diamagnetic levitation on a bacterial culture in liquid. We used a superconducting magnet to levitate growing bacterial cultures for up to 18 hours, in a...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4216/version/1

BioBrick Promoter Measurement Kit Instruction Sheets
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Jason Kelly.
Instructions for inserting a test promoter into the measurement kit plasmid for characterization as well as instructions for measuring the activity of the test promoter in Standard Promoter Units (SPUs).  These instructions were distributed to the teams participating in the International Genetically Engineered Machines competition (iGEM).
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2028/version/1

Persisters show heritable phenotype and generate bacterial heterogeneity and noise in protein expression
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Jaison Jacob.
Persisters are a small subpopulation of bacteria that survive a lethal concentration of antibiotic without antibiotic resistance genes. Isolation of persisters from normally dividing population is considered difficult due to their slow growth, low numbers and phenotypic shift i.e. when re-grown in antibiotic free medium, they revert to parent population. Inability to isolate persisters is a major hindrance in this field of research. Here we reject the &amp;#x2018;phenotypic shift&amp;#x2019; phenomenon exhibited by persisters. Persisters, on the other hand, exhibit a heritable phenotype and can be easily isolated from a normally dividing population that allows their selective growth. Rather than a single subset, they comprise many distinct subgroups each...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1411/version/1

Pyrolysis of asphaltenes and biomarkers for the fingerprinting of the _Amoco Cadiz_ oil spill after 23 years
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Jean Oudot; Fr&amp;#xe9;d&amp;#xe9;ric Chaillan.
The chemical composition of the petroleum products accidently or deliberately released in the environment varies considerably with time under the action of biological (biodegradation) and physico-chemical (photo-oxidation) processes. It becomes more and more difficult to trace the origin of the oil spilled. A technique widely used  for monitoring ancient oil pollutions is the study of oil biomarkers like terpanes and steranes^1,2^. Here we show that the geochemical technique of asphaltenes pyrolysis can be successfully applied to environmental samples. This method allows the reconstitution of the original oil from the asphaltenes fraction of severely degraded oil residues. We applied the two techniques: biomarkers analysis and pyrolysis of asphaltenes to...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Microbiology; Earth &amp; Environment.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2975/version/1

How gut sampling and microbial invasiveness/noninvasiveness provides mucosal immunity with a nonmolecular pattern means to distinguish commensals from pathogens: A review
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: John R. Skoyles.
Mucosal immunity distinguishes not only different microbial antigens but also separates those of pathogens from those of commensals. How this is done is unknown. The present view is that the pathogen/commensal determination of antigens depends upon as yet to be discovered molecular patterns. Here I review the biological feasibility that it also involves the detection of the invasive differences in their motility towards the gut wall when they are sampled by differently biased methods. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;By their nature, pathogens and commensals have different motility &amp;#x2013; invasive and noninvasive &amp;#x2013; in regard to the epithelium. The immune system is in a position to detect such motility differences. This biological...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1895/version/1

Dating the cyanobacterial ancestor of the chloroplast
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Luisa Falcon; Susana Magallon; Amanda Castillo.
Cyanobacteria have played a pivotal role in the history of life on Earth being the first organism to carry out oxygenic photosynthesis, which changed atmospheric chemistry and allowed the evolution of Eukarya. Chloroplasts are the cellular organelles of photoautotrophic eukaryotes in which photosynthesis is conducted. Although the initial suggestion from Mereschkowsky (1905) that cyanobacteria are the ancestors of chloroplasts was greeted with skepticism, the idea is now widely accepted. Here we attempt to resolve and date the cyanobacterial ancestry of the chloroplast using phylogenetic analysis and molecular clocks, because until now, the long-standing question of, from which, among the vast diversity of cyanobacteria, did chloroplasts evolve, has not...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3696/version/1

Lyme Borreliosis During Pregnancy
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Andr&amp;#xe1;s Lakos; Norbert Solymosi.
One of the authors (AL) presented a poster on 34 pregnancies of maternal Lyme borreliosis (Lb) in 1995. It was striking that untreated Lb associated with higher probability of adverse outcome but the number of patients were small and the statistical power was low. We have recently published a paper on 95 maternal Lb and the outcome of their pregnancies. Since the closure of the database for that manuscript the number of the pregnant women with Borrelia infection observed in our Centre increased to 124, and the statistical analysis strengthened our previous doubtful observations and reached significant results in important aspects by now. This series is the largest study to date on this topic. Treatment was administered parenterally to 87 (70%) women and...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Microbiology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7027/version/1

Stomatin-like Protein 2 Links Mitochondria to T-Cell Receptor Signalosomes at the Immunological Synapse and Enhances T-Cell Activation
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Mark G. Kirchhof; Luan A. Chau; Caitlin D. Lemke; Santosh Vardhana; Peter J. Darlington; Maria E. Marquez; Roy Taylor; Kamilia Rizkalla; Isaac Blaca; Michael L. Dustin; Joaquin Madrenas.
T cell activation through the antigen receptor (TCR) requires sustained signalling from microclusters in the peripheral region of the immunological synapse (IS). The bioenergetics of such prolonged signaling have been linked to the redistribution of mitochondria to the IS. Here, we report that stomatin-like protein-2 (SLP-2) plays an important role in this process by bridging polarized mitochondria to these signaling TCR microclusters or signalosomes in the IS in a polymerized actin-dependent manner. In this way, SLP-2 helps to sustain TCR-dependent signalling and enhances T cell activation.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1068/version/1

H5N1 Clade 2.2 Polymorphism Tracing Identifies Influenza Recombination and Potential Vaccine Targets
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Henry L. Niman; Magdi D. Saad; Elassai M. Labib; E Ayoub; Mona M. Aly; A-SA Arafa; Marshall R. Monteville; Bruce R. Boynton; Jeffery Tjaden; Kenneth C. Earhart; Moustafa M. Mansour; Nasr M. ElSayed; A I. Nayei; A A. Abdelghani; Hala M. Essmat.
Highly pathogenic Influenza A H5N1 was first identified in Guangdong Province in 1996, followed by human cases in Hong Kong in 1997 1. The number of confirmed human cases now exceeds 300 and the associated Case Fatality Rate exceeds 60% 2. The genetic diversity of the serotype continues to increase.  Four distinct clades or sub-clades have been linked to human cases 3.4. The gradual genetic changes identified in the sub-clades have been attributed to copy errors by viral encoded polymerases that lack an editing function, thereby resulting in antigenic drift 5. We traced polymorphism acquisition in Clade 2.2 sequences. We report here the concurrent acquisition of the same polymorphism by multiple, genetically distinct, Clade 2.2 sub-clades in Egypt, Russia...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Ecology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/553/version/2

Screening of certain Ayurvedic plants extracts against E. turcicum
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Kaushal Kumar Bhati; R. Prasad; Rajesh Singh.
The use of chemicals against pathogens is environmentally dangerous, so use of natural inhibitors for disease management is needed. In this work we screen botanical extracts from ayurvedic plants for their antifungal properties against economically important plant fungal pathogen. As a test fungal pathogen, we select E. turcicum, a potent fungal pathogen responsible for Northern leaf corn blight of Maize. This fungal pathogen was challenged by the leaf extract prepared from certain Ayurvedic plants and these observations have shown a promising future in biocontrol of fungus by using such environmentally friendly&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;antifungal agents.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology; Pharmacology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6199/version/1

Intra-mammary single infusion of casein hydrolyzate in dairy cows as alternative dry period treatment: Curing bacterial infection and increasing milk yield in the subsequent lactations
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Nissim Silanikove; Shamay Yacoby; Gabriel Leitner.
Conclusions: This study sustain previous results that treatment with CNH is a powerful mean to eradicated bacterial infection, and strongly highlight the potential of this method to serve as a viable non-antibiotic dry cow therapy treatment. The increase in milk yield is a valuable bonus and its effectiveness is comparable with that achieved with growth hormone treatment, albeit in much simple mode of treatment and without the problematic of hormonal treatment.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Microbiology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2130/version/1

Screening Of Antibiotic Producing Microorganism From Rhizoshphere Soil, Their Antibiotic Production And Characterization
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Vishwambhar V. Bhandare; Sandip Mahadev Chavre.
Rhizosphere soil samples were preferred as it contains most of the prospective antibiotic producers. In an attempt to screen out new potent antibiotic producers from soil, the Rhizobium species was isolated. Antibiotic produced by shake flask culture is found to be effective against both gram positive and gram negative organisms. This product was found to be a very promising antibiotic when assayed biologically. UV treatment showed positive effect on antibiotic production. The molecular structure of the antibiotic was identified by using advanced analytical techniques like UV Visible spectroscopy, FTIR, GCMS, NMR spectroscopy.
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6101/version/1

Systems Biology on Bio-Linux
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Mesude Bicak.
This presentation introduces the Bio-Linux Operating System which is a popular Computational Biology workstation with 500+ bioinformatics software. It then provides an overview of popular modelling approaches in systems biology, covering top-down, bottom-up and hybrid modelling. Finally it highlights the challenges being faced by systems biology modellers, agent-based modellers in particular, regarding standardisation efforts.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Ecology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology; Bioinformatics; Data Standards.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6348/version/1

Modeling, Simulation and Application of Bacterial Transduction in Genetic Algorithms
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Carlos Perales-Gravan; Javier de Vicente Buendia; Rafael Lahoz-Beltra.
At present, all methods in Evolutionary Computation are bioinspired in the fundamental principles of neo-Darwinism as well as on a vertical gene transfer. Thus, on a mechanism in which an organism receives genetic material from its ancestor. Horizontal, lateral or cross-population gene transfer is any process in which an organism transfers a genetic segment to another one that is not its offspring. Virus transduction is one of the key mechanisms of horizontal gene propagation in microorganism (e.g. bacteria). In the present paper, we model and simulate a transduction operator, exploring a possible role and usefulness of transduction in a genetic algorithm. The genetic algorithm including transduction has been named PETRI (abbreviation of Promoting...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3732/version/1

_M. tuberculosis_ interactome analysis unravels potential pathways to drug resistance
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Karthik Raman; Nagasuma Chandra.
Drug resistance is a major problem for combating tuberculosis. Lack of understanding of how resistance emerges in bacteria upon drug treatment limits our ability to counter resistance. By analysis of the _Mycobacterium tuberculosis_ interactome network, along with drug-induced expression data from literature, we show possible pathways for the emergence of drug resistance. To a curated set of resistance related proteins, we have identified sets of high propensity paths from different drug targets. Many top paths were upregulated upon exposure to anti-tubercular drugs. Different targets appear to have different propensities for the four resistance mechanisms. Knowledge of important proteins in such pathways enables identification of appropriate...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1674/version/1

Protocol for Metatranscriptomic analysis of Intestinal Microbiota
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Valeriy Poroyko; Alvaro G. Hernandez; John C. Alverdy; Donald C. Liu.
The objective of this publication is to provide the detailed protocol for metartancriptomisc studies of animal intestinal microbiota. The protocol describes isolation of high quality microbial community RNA from the mammalian intestinal content, subsequent mRNA enrichment, cDNA synthesis and sequencing. Twelve libraries were prepared, pooled in equimolar concentrations into a single library and sequenced on one GS Titanium 70&amp;#xd7;75 picotiter plate, following this protocol. The total number of reads obtained for 12 libraries was 1,155,062 (average 96,000 per library) and the combined size of 12 libraries was 521 million bases (average 43 million bases per library). The reported size of non-ribosomal RNA library fraction is ~15%, the fraction of...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6934/version/1

Prediction of specific virus outbreaks made from the increased concentration of a new class of virus genomic peptides, replikins.
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Samuel Bogoch; Elenore S. Bogoch.
Advance warning of pathogen outbreaks has not been possible heretofore. A new class of genomic peptides associated with rapid replication was discovered and named replikins. Software was designed to analyze replikins quantitatively. Replikin concentration changes were measured annually prior to, and &amp;#x201c;real time&amp;#x201d; every few days during, the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic. Replikins were seen by both linear sequence representation and three-dimensional X-ray diffraction, and found to expand on the virus hemagglutinin surface prior to and during the H1N1 pandemic.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;A highly significant increased concentration of virus replikins was found a) retrospectively in three pandemics from 1918 to 1999 (14,227...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6279/version/1

NamesforLife Semantic Resolution Services for the Life Sciences
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Charles T. Parker; Dorothea K. Taylor; Kara Mannor; Sarah Wigley; Nicole Osier; Catherine Lyons; George M. Garrity.
A major challenge in bioinformatics, life sciences, and medicine is using correct and informative names. While this sounds simple enough, many different naming conventions exist in the life sciences and medicine that may be either complementary or competitive with other naming conventions. For a variety of reasons, proper names are not always used, leading to an accumulated semantic ambiguity that readers of the literature and end users of databases are left to resolve on their own. This ambiguity is a growing problem and the biocuration community is aware of its consequences. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;To assist those confronted with ambiguous names (which not only includes researchers but clinicians, manufacturers, patent attorneys, and others...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5137/version/1

Successful outdoor cultivation of a photosensitive wild strain of edible Pleurotus ostreatus (Fr.) Kummel (Oyster mushroom) from the Western Ghats region of Goa
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Nandkumar N. Kamat; N. V. Desilva; K. R. Phadte.
There is considerable interest in identifying wild tropical strains of oyster mushrooms&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;useful for cultivation, strain improvement and systematic breeding programme. During&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;routine surveys to identify such strains from Goa&amp;#x2019;s western ghats, an interesting wild form of Pleurotus ostreatus was found growing on logs of wild Mangifera indica L a novel habitat for the species reported for the first time. After obtaining and screening several pure isolates, a fertile strain BA-50/GUOMS was selected for cultivation under natural outdoor conditions. Spawn prepared on wheat grains was produced within 11 days and was used to ramify sterilized paddy straw as substrate using standard polybag technique. Spawn run was...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology; Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4213/version/1

Accurate Reconstruction of Molecular Phylogenies for Proteins Using Codon and Amino Acid Unified Sequence Alignments (CAUSA)
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Xiaolong Wang; Yu  Fu; Yue  Zhao; Qi  Wang; Chandra Sekhar  Pedamallu; Shuang-yong  Xu; Yingbo  Niu; Jingjie  Hu.
Based on molecular clock hypothesis, and neutral theory of molecular evolution, molecular phylogenies have been widely used for inferring evolutionary history of organisms and individual genes. Traditionally, alignments and phylogeny trees of proteins and their coding DNA sequences are constructed separately, thus often different conclusions were drawn. Here we present a new strategy for sequence alignment and phylogenetic tree reconstruction, codon and amino acid unified sequence alignment (CAUSA), which aligns DNA and protein sequences and draw phylogenetic trees in a unified manner. We demonstrated that CAUSA improves both the accuracy of multiple sequence alignments and phylogenetic trees by solving a variety of molecular evolutionary problems in...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6730/version/1

CloVR-16S: Phylogenetic microbial community composition analysis based on 16S ribosomal RNA amplicon sequencing &amp;#x2013; standard operating procedure, version 1.1
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: James R. White; Cesar Arze; Malcolm Matalka; The CloVR Team; Owen White; Samuel V. Angiuoli; W. Florian Fricke.
The CloVR-16S pipeline employs several well-known phylogenetic tools and protocols for the analysis of 16S rRNA sequence datasets: &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;A) Qiime &amp;#x2013; a Python-based workflow package, allowing for sequence processing and phylogenetic analysis using different methods including the phylogenetic distance metric UniFrac, UCLUST, PyNAST and the RDP Bayesian classifier;  &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;B) UCHIME &amp;#x2013; a tool for rapid identification of chimeric 16S sequence fragments; &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;C) Mothur &amp;#x2013; a C++-based software package for 16S analysis;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;D) Metastats and custom R scripts used to generate additional statistical and graphical evaluations.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa; &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;CloVR-16S...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6287/version/2

Cerebral malaria admissions in Papua New Guinea may show inter-annual cyclicity: An example of about a 1.5-year cycle for malaria incidence in Burundi
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Borislav D. Dimitrov; Penka A. Atanassova.
Best available descriptions of malaria incidence and mortality dynamics are important to better plan and evaluate the implementation of programs to monitor (e.g., remote sensing) and control the disease, especially in endemic zones. This was stressed recently by Cibulskis et al (2007) in the view of completeness of monthly reporting for cerebral malaria admissions in Papua New Guinea (latitude 6 degree S, 1987-1996). Notably, regardless of the rate of its completeness, the temporal dynamics of admissions was preserved over the years, however, neither raw data nor results on further analyses about eventual inter-annual cyclic components (periods T&amp;#x3e;1 year) were provided despite obvious graphical patterns for such a specific time structure...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1769/version/1

Community Outreach through Genomics Education Partnership
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Ramana Madupu; Anne G. Rosenwald; A. Malcolm Campbell; Satish C. Bhalla; Granger Sutton.
The J Craig Venter Institute (JCVI) has recently partnered with undergraduate university faculty to expand the scope of education and outreach program as part of the NIAID&amp;#x2019;s BRC initiative, by joining forces with faculty members participating in the Genomics Education Partnership (GEP). The goal of the GEP is to provide opportunities for undergraduate students to participate in genomics research and gain hands on experience.  Faculty members trained on annotation methodologies and tools during the Prokaryotic Annotation Workshop conducted at JCVI, impart their knowledge in the classroom as part of the semester course. As a pilot project, we are currently collaborating with 3 groups lead by a faculty member, spread across 3 universities in the...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3149/version/1

The Human Microbiome and Recurrent Abdominal Pain in Children
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: James Versalovic; Robert J. Shulman; Kevin Riehle; Delphine M. Saulnier; Toni-Ann Mistretta; Maria A. Diaz; Sabeen Raza; Debasmita Mandal; Xiang Qin; Susan Lynch; Joseph Petrosino; Richard Gibbs.
This project explores the nature of the human intestinal microbiome in healthy children and children with recurrent abdominal pain. The overall goal is to obtain a robust knowledge base of the intestinal microbiome in children without evidence of pain or gastrointestinal disease and in those with recurrent abdominal pain (functional abdominal pain (FAP) and FAP associated with changes in bowel habits, i.e., irritable bowel syndrome or IBS).  Specific aims include: 1. Characterize the composition of the gut microbiome in healthy children by DNA sequencing. 2. Determine the presence of disease-specific organism signatures of variable gut microbiomes in children with recurrent abdominal pain.  3. Perform functional gut metagenomics by evaluation of whole...
Tipo: Marker Paper / Data Plan
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5228/version/1

Soil Disturbance Increases Soil Microbial Enzymatic Activity in Arid Ecoregions
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Lori Kae Schwab-Uchanski; Adrian Unc; Mary Lucero.
Functional diversity of the soil microbial community is commonly used in the assessment of soil health as it relates to the activity of soil microflora involved in carbon cycling. Soil microbes in different microenvironments will have varying responses to different substrates, thus catabolic fingerprint information of each location-specific community can be obtained. The purpose of this study was to evaluate total-soil enzymatic activity profiles across three disturbance regimes in an arid desert grassland in the Southwestern United States. Microbial enzymatic activity was measured using the MicroResp&amp;#x2122; system, which measures respiration of microbes within whole soil samples supplemented with various carbon sources (simple and polymeric sugars,...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology; Earth &amp; Environment.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6202/version/1

BrainGrab: Capturing Curator Expertise as Reusable Annotation Rules
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Daniel H. Haft; Malay K. Basu; Roland A. Richter.
Experienced biocurators can outperform automated systems on specific genes once they determine which pieces of evidence should drive annotation, and which annotations should be spread. The annotation logic may weigh both homology evidence (BLAST matches or HMM hits) and non-homology evidence (neighboring genes, metabolic context, taxonomic group). Unfortunately, the expertise developed to annotate each gene is short-lived, and is mostly lost if the logic driving the annotation is not captured. We report the development of BrainGrab, an interface added to the MANATEE manual annotation tool for prokaryotic genomes. The curator can specify evidence scenarios that should always lead to equivalent annotation for similar genes in similar contexts, and thus...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3313/version/1

Water and the Biology of Prions and Plaques
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Graham K. Steel; Phillippa M. Wiggins.
This  is  an  attempt  to  account  for  the  insolubility  and/or  aggregation  of  prions  and plaques  in  terms  of  a  model  of  water  consisting  of  an  equilibrium  between  high &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;density  and  low  density microdomains. Hydrophobic molecules,  including proteins, &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;accumulate  selectively  into  stable  populations,  enriched  in  high  density  water,  at &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;charged  sites on  biopolymers.  In enriched  high density water, proteins are probably &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;partially unfolded and may precipitate  out when  released. All extracellular matrices &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;contain such charged polymers. Prions, which have been shown to accumulate in soils &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;and  clays  containing...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1381/version/1

The 2010 Scientific Strategic Plan of the Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise: A Roadmap for the Future
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Alan Bernstein; Peter Piot.
HIV/AIDS is arguably the most significant health challenge facing the world today. The 2008 numbers tell the story: 33.4 million were living with HIV, 2 million people died of AIDS and 2.7 million people were newly infected. Despite impressive scientific advances in developing over two dozen drugs to treat HIV infections, there is still no cure. In addition, only about one-third of those who need drugs have access to therapy.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;In 2003, recognizing the enormity of the scientific and humanitarian challenge of HIV/AIDS, two-dozen leading investigators and major funding organizations formed the Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise, a voluntary alliance of independent organizations committed to working together to accelerate the...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4803/version/1

Soil extracellular enzyme activities from a forest harvest and climate manipulation experiment in central Pennsylvania
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Marshall D. McDaniel; Jason P. Kaye; Mary Ann V. Bruns; Margot W. Kaye.
We have previously shown that warming and wetting a post-harvest forest soil increased C and N mineralization rates.  A series of interacting processes may lead to these observed patterns including shifts in microbial allocation among extracellular enzymes.  We monitored soil extracellular enzyme activity (EEA) for 2.5 years in a post-harvest, climate manipulated field experiment.  A 2 ha forest in Central Pennsylvania was whole-tree harvested in 2007 and climate manipulations of +2 &amp;#xb0;C (warmed), and +20% mean monthly historical precipitation (wetted) were added to plots and in combination in a factorial design.  The following enzymes were quantified: &amp;#x3b2;-1,4-glucosidase (BG), cellobiohydrolase (CBH), leucine aminopeptidase (LA),...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology; Earth &amp; Environment.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6254/version/1

Cloning and expression of first gene for biodegrading microcystins by Sphingopyxis sp. USTB-05
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Hai Yan; Junfeng Wang; Jian Chen; Wei Wei; Hui Wang.
Harmful cyanobacterial blooms (HCBs) in natural waters are a growing environmental problem worldwide because microcystins (MCs) produced by cyanobacteria are potent hepatotoxins and tumor promoters. MCs are resistant against physical and chemical factors. Thus, biodegradation is the most efficient method for removing MCs, and a number of bacterial strains, especially genus _Sphingomonas_, have been isolated for biodegrading MCs. Although the pathway, enzyme, and gene for biodegrading MCs by _Sphingomonas sp._ have been widely identified recently, no gene concerned with the biodegradation of MCs has been successfully cloned and expressed. In this study, we show that the first and most important gene of mlrA, containing 1,008 bp nucleotides in length, in the...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Earth &amp; Environment.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4846/version/1

The Neonatal Microbiome and Necrotizing Enterocolitis.
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Phillip I. Tarr; Barbara Warner; Erica Sodergren; William Shannon; Aaron Hamvas; Vincent Magrini; George Weinstock.
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating disorder that affects approximately 10% of premature infants. Its mortality remains high (15-30%), and its cause remains unknown. About 80% of cases occur within 35 days of birth among hospitalized newborns of low birth weight. Probiotics diminish the incidence and severity of NEC, and NEC does not occur antepartum. NEC affects a readily identifiable at-risk group, has a tightly defined interval before its onset, occurs in an organ system that is intimately associated with a microbial population in flux, has a plausible association with the intestinal microbiota, and cohorts at risk have rarely been studied in large numbers, or prospectively. This disorder, therefore, provides a unique opportunity to explore...
Tipo: Marker Paper / Data Plan
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Bioinformatics; Data Standards.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5285/version/1

Epidemiological Baseline of Influenza Virus in Wild Aquatic Birds in Hong Kong during the Pre-H5N1 Endemic Era
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Mario P. S. Chin; Kennedy F. Shortridge.
Influenza virus surveillance was conducted on wild ducks and shorebirds in Hong Kong at the Mai Po Nature Reserve to determine whether East Asian wild aquatic birds passing through or overwintering in Hong Kong are reservoirs of H5N1 influenza viruses and to establish an epidemiological baseline of influenza virus in wild aquatic birds during the pre-H5N1 endemic era. Three influenza viruses were isolated from 3178 faecal samples collected over three sampling periods from 1988 to 2001 during the southern and northern migration periods. The isolation rates and viruses were, respectively 0.08% (H10N5) in 1988 &amp;#x2013; 1990, 0.12% (H11N1) in 1998 and 0.09% (H3N8) in 1999 &amp;#x2013; 2001. Whereas tracheal and intestinal colon explants from representative...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5110/version/1

Chronic Morbilliviral Encephalitis in a Young Striped Dolphin from Italy
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Giovanni Di Guardo; Cristiano Cocumelli; Francesco  Scholl; Cristina Esmeralda Di Francesco; Roberto  Speranza; Massimiliano Pennelli; Claudia Eleni.
A young male striped dolphin (Stenella coeruleoalba) found stranded in November 2009 was affected by a chronic non-suppurative encephalitis, with prominent mononuclear cell perivascular cuffs, neuronal degeneration, microgliosis, neuronophagia and occasional presence of multinucleate syncytia. Immunohistochemical and biomolecular investigations for Morbillivirus were positive exclusively from the brain, but not from the cerebellum nor from any other tissue, with morbilliviral antigen being detected in neurons and astrocytes. A low neutralizing antibody titer (1:10) against Morbillivirus (CDV) was also found, with no simultaneous presence of anti-Brucella antibodies.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;The main reason why the present case appears to be of interest is provided...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Neuroscience.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4912/version/1

Analysis of acceptance of bacillus to various heavy metals and antibiotics
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Yamini Singh  Sisodia; Vivek  Bajpai; Deeksha  Gaur; Pankaj Kumar  Jain.
The present study was carried out to systematically examine the pathogenic microorganisms in sewage samples isolated from the Shekhawati region of Rajasthan. In this survey, 26 bacterial strains were isolated and identified using biochemical and molecular methods. Molecular identification of isolates was done by DNA isolation, PCR amplification using 16S rDNA primer and partial sequencing of purified product after sequencing, out of 26, 10 sequences were submitted to NCBI. Out of these 10 isolates Bacillus pumilis, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis were taken for further studies. There is growing awareness of the need for development of new antimicrobial agents for the treatment of human, animal and plant diseases. Keeping this fact in mind, we...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7073/version/1

_Trichoderma pseudokoningii_ Rifai isolation from Egyptian immunocompromised cattle with _Mycobacterium bovis_ infection
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Helmy Torky; Eman Khalifa.
Recently, _Trichoderma_ species have emerged as potent fungal pathogens in immunocompromised humans. We report the first three cases of _Trichoderma pseudokoningii_ Rifai pulmonary infection in the Egyptian tuberculous dairy cattle with _Mycobacterium bovis_, from the heart of a generalized bovine TB in a cow over 5 years old, a mediastinal lymph node of pulmonary TB in a cow of 3 years old, and a lung of mixed pulmonary and digestive BTB in a cow of 4 years old. We have also developed a pathogenisity test technique for _Trichoderma pseudokoningii_ Rifai infection in 3 G. pigs by intraperitoneal injection of 2 G. pigs with mixed infection of _Mycobacterium bovis_ and _Trichoderma pseudokoningii_ Rifai; death of both animals 14 days, thereafter, and by...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6928/version/1

Molecular Models of DNA Structures and Dynamics: Principles, Techniques and Applications
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I. C. Baianu.
Molecular models of DNA structures are representations of the molecular geometry and topology of Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecules using one of several means, such as: closely packed spheres (CPK models) made of plastic, metal wires for &amp;#x27;skeletal models&amp;#x27;, graphic computations and animations by computers, artistic rendering, and so on, with the aim of simplifying and presenting the essential, physical and chemical, properties of DNA molecular structures either in vivo or in vitro. Computer molecular models also allow animations and molecular dynamics simulations that are very important for understanding how DNA functions in vivo.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7075/version/1

Food Physical Chemistry and Biophysical Chemistry
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I.C. Baianu.
Food Physical Chemistry is considered to be a branch of Food Chemistry^1,2^ concerned with the study of both physical and chemical interactions in foods in terms of physical and chemical principles applied to food systems, as well as the applications of physical/chemical techniques and instrumentation for the study of foods^3,4,5,6^.  This field encompasses the &amp;#x22;physiochemical principles of the reactions and conversions that occur during the manufacture, handling, and storage of foods&amp;#x22;^7^. Two rapidly growing, related areas are Food Biotechnology and Food Biophysical Chemistry.  &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6573/version/1

Comment to &amp;#x22;Endogenous Viral Etiology of Prion Diseases&amp;#x22;
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Claudiu Bandea.
This note is intended as a comment to a paper in Nature Precedings entitled &amp;#x22;Endogenous viral etiology of prion diseases&amp;#x22;:http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3887/version/1 . Because it contains illustrations that could not be displayed in the comments section of that paper, I&amp;#x2019;m posting this comment here as a PDF document.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology; Neuroscience; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4101/version/1

Requirement of Activation for Hepatitis B Virus Infection
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Michael Bruns; Claudia Maenz.
Although _in vitro_ models of human hepatitis B virus replication are established, so far none could approximate infection efficiency as expected from _in vivo_ observations. Susceptibility for HBV infections has only been reported for primary hepatocytes of human, chimpanzee or Tupaia belangeri and the cell line HepaRG. Here we show that the insusceptible human hepatoma cell line HepG2 can be infected, when the virus was beforehand activated by passage over whole duck liver cell cultures. That suggests an activation step to be performed by specialized liver cells.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/221/version/1

Novel approaches, including systems biology, to HIV vaccine research and development: Report from a Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise Working Group
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Bali  Pulendran; Rino Rappuoli; Alan Aderem; the Working Group convened by the Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise.
The Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise convened a two-day workshop on August 10-11 2009, at the Fred Hutchison Cancer Research Center offices in Seattle, WA, to discuss the application of novel approaches,including systems biology, to HIV vaccine research and development. The goals of this Working Group were to identify key scientific issues and opportunities that have emerged since the Enterprise Scientific Strategic Plan1 was published in 2005, and to make recommendations to Enterprise stakeholders.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Immunology; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4798/version/2

_Streptomyces_ sp. as predators of bacteria
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Charushila A. Kumbhar; Milind G. Watve.
Background: The ecological role of actinomycetes and their secondary metabolites is not yet completely understood. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Hypothesis: Actinomycetes and Streptomyces sp. in particular, are non-obligate predators of bacteria in soil. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Evidence: Ability to grow on live bacterial cells as a sole source of nutrients. Prey cell lysis accompanying growth. Circumstantial evidence for the involvement of antimicrobials along with enzymes.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Implications: This finding may open up a new source of novel secondary metabolites from the genus.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Ecology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1263/version/2

Concurrent Acquisition of a Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in Diverse Influenza H5N1 Clade 2.2 Sub-clades
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Henry L. Niman; Bruce R. Boynton.
Highly pathogenic Influenza A H5N1 was first identified in Guangdong Province in 1996, followed by human cases in Hong Kong in 1997. The number of confirmed human cases now exceeds 300, and the associated Case Fatality Rate exceeds 60%. The genetic diversity of the serotype continues to increase. Four distinct clades or sub-clades have been linked to human cases. The gradual genetic changes identified in the sub-clades have been attributed to copy errors by viral encoded polymerases that lack an editing function, thereby resulting in antigenic drift. We report here the concurrent acquisition of the same polymorphism by multiple, genetically distinct, clade 2.2 sub-clades in Egypt, Russia, and Ghana. These changes are not easily explained by the current...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Ecology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/459/version/2

Long double stranded RNA is present in scrapie infected cells and tissues
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Yervand E. Karapetyan.
The nature of the infectious agent causing scrapie and other Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies remains an enigma despite decades of research efforts. The protein-only prion hypothesis posits that abnormal conformer of a host protein is the infectious agent. Virus and virino theories include host-independent nucleic acid as the genome of the infectious agent in addition to protein component (in case of virino a host protein and in case of virus a viral protein).  Viral or sub-viral nucleic acids have long been sought in scrapie to explain the existence of multiple agent strains.  Many different approaches were undertaken to find such nucleic acid. Despite that no scrapie specific nucleic acid sequences have been found in infected cells or tissues....
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Neuroscience.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6759/version/1

Peptides as potent antimicrobials tethered to a solid surface: Implications for medical devices
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Ivan A. Gonzalez; XiXi Wong; Dilhari DeAlmeida; Raymond B. Yurko; Simon C. Watkins; Kazi Islam; Ronald C. Montelaro; Ahmed El-Ghannam; Timothy A. Mietzner.
Medical devices are an integral part of therapeutic management; despite their importance, they carry a significant risk of microbial infection. Bacterial attachment to a medical device is established by a single, multiplying organism, leading to subsequent biofilm formation. To date, no preventative measures have impacted the incidence of device-related infection. We report the bidirectional covalent coupling of an engineered cationic antimicrobial peptide (eCAP), WLBU2, to various biological surfaces is accomplished. These surfaces included (i) a carbohydrate-based gel matrix, (ii) a complex polymeric plastic bead, and (iii) a silica-calcium phosphate nanocomposite associated with bone reconstruction. WLBU2-conjugated surfaces are shown to retain potent...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1967/version/1

A potential cyanobacterial ancestor of Viridiplantae chloroplasts
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Wriddhiman Ghosh; Prabir Haldar; Sabyasachi Bhattacharya; Jaideb Chatterjee; Prosenjit Pyne; Masrure Alam.
The theory envisaging the origin of plastids from endosymbiotic cyanobacteria is well-established but it is difficult to explain the evolution (spread) of plastids in phylogenetically diverse plant groups. It is widely believed that primordial endosymbiosis occurred in the last common ancestor of all algae^1^, which then diverged into the three primary photosynthetic eukaryotic lineages, viz. the Rhodophyta (red algae), Glaucocystophyta (cyanelle-containing algae) and Viridiplantae (green algae plus all land plants)^2^. Members of these three groups invariably have double membrane-bound plastids^3^, a property that endorses the primary endosymbiotic origin of the organelles. On the other hand, the three or four membrane-bound plastids of the evolutionary...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6607/version/1

Genome Replikin Count Predicts Increased Infectivity/Lethality of Viruses
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Samuel Bogoch; Elenore S. Bogoch.
The genomes of all groups of viruses whose sequences are listed on Pubmed, specimens since 1918, analyzed by a software from Bioradar UK Ltd., contain Replikins which range in concentration from a Replikin Count (number of Replikins per 100 amino acids) of less than 1 to 30 (see accompanying communications for higher Counts in tuberculosis, malaria, and cancer, associated with higher lethality). Counts of less than 4.0 were found in &amp;#x2018;resting&amp;#x2019; virus states; Counts greater than 4.0, found to be associated with rapid replication, were found invariably to accompany or to predict virus outbreaks, by as much as two years, in viral hosts examined from salmon, to birds, to livestock, to humans. X-ray diffraction showed Replikins to be on the...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7144/version/1

Microbial ecosystem constructed in water for successful organic hydroponics
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Makoto Shinohara; Hiromi Ohmori; Yoichi Uehara.
Conventional hydroponics systems generally use only chemical fertilisers, not organic ones, since there are no microbial ecosystems present in such systems to mineralise organic compounds to inorganic nutrients. Addition of organic compounds to the hydroponic solution generally has phytotoxic effects and causes poor plant growth. We developed a novel hydroponic culture method using organic fertiliser. A microbial ecosystem was constructed in hydroponic solution by regulating the amounts of organic fertiliser and soil, with moderate aeration. The microbial ecosystem mineralised organic nitrogen to nitrate-nitrogen via ammonification and nitrification. A 97.6% efficiency of nitrate-nitrogen generation from the organic nitrogen in the organic fertiliser was...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology; Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2494/version/1

The Vaginal Microbiome: Disease, Genetics and the Environment
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Jennifer M. Fettweis; Joao P. Alves; Joseph F. Borzelleca; James  P. Brooks; Christopher J. Friedline; Yuan Gao; Xi Gao; Philippe Girerd; Michael  D. Harwich; Stephanie L. Hendricks; Kimberly K. Jefferson; Vladimir Lee; Huan Mo; Michael C. Neale; Federico A. Puma; Mark A. Reimers; Maria C. Rivera; Seth B. Roberts; Myrna G. Serrano; Nihar U. Sheth; Judy L. Silbert; Logan Voegtly; Elizabeth C. Prom-Wormley; Bin Xie; Timothy  P. York; Cynthia N. Cornelissen; Jerome L. Strauss; Lindon J. Eaves; Gregory A. Buck.
The vagina is an interactive interface between the host and the environment. Its surface is covered by a protective epithelium colonized by bacteria and other microorganisms. The ectocervix is nonsterile, whereas the endocervix and the upper genital tract are assumed to be sterile in healthy women. Therefore, the cervix serves a pivotal role as a gatekeeper to protect the upper genital tract from microbial invasion and subsequent reproductive pathology. Microorganisms that cross this barrier can cause preterm labor, pelvic inflammatory disease, and other gynecologic and reproductive disorders. Homeostasis of the microbiome in the vagina and ectocervix plays a paramount role in reproductive health. Depending on its composition, the microbiome may protect...
Tipo: Marker Paper / Data Plan
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5150/version/1

TATA binding protein binds to single stranded DNA: A new model for eukaryotic transcription
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Rostem J. Irani.
Although the players mediating the initiation of eukaryotic transcription appear to be known, the mechanism is not. In this paper we report findings on the interaction between the TATA box binding protein (TBP) and DNA, using a novel optical technology, that point to a potential plausible physical mechanism, and at the same time tie together a number of otherwise disparate observations. TBP plays a central and ubiquitous role in initiating eukaryotic transcription, binding to promoters with and without the canonical 5&amp;#x2019; TATA(A/T)A(A/T)(G/A) 3&amp;#x2019; motif1. It also tends to bind to double-stranded DNA promiscuously, and though affinity is lower, the number of binding opportunities is greater. TBP-DNA complexes have been characterized...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4139/version/1

Searching for better flu surveillance? A brief communication arising from Ginsberg et al. Nature 457, 1012-1014 (2009)
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Donald R. Olson; Atar Baer; Michael  A. Coletta; Lana  Deyneka; Ryan  Gentry; Amy  Ising; Erin  L. Murray; Marc  Paladini; Justin  Pendarvis; Karl  Soetebier; Kevin J. Konty; Jill  Schulmann; Jeffrey  Engel; Julia  Gunn; Robert  T. Rolfs; Farzad  Mostashari.
Through retrospectively analyzing billions of internet search queries, Ginsberg et al. identified a collection of specific searches that track the course of influenza-like illness (ILI) reported by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Prospective monitoring during 2007-2008 found high correlation between Google estimates and CDC-reported ILI, with next-day timeliness compared to the 1-2 week delay reported in traditional CDC ILI surveillance. The assertion by Ginsberg et al., however, that internet search term estimates enable public health officials to respond better to seasonal and pandemic influenza does not take into account the current practice of public health, or the state of the art in electronic disease surveillance.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3493/version/1

Antibody-antigen interactions: What is the required time to equilibrium?
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Karl Andersson; Hanna Bj&amp;#xf6;rkelund; Magnus Malmqvist.
The use of antibodies is widespread in many areas including in-vivo and in-vitro diagnostics, quantitative analysis in research laboratories and as therapeutic substances. Since the methods for generation of antibodies has improved and regularly results in high-affinity interactions, the standard assays used for quantification of the interaction properties should be revisited because they do not necessarily produce accurate results. Here we show that in several cases, the affinity determination of strongly binding antibodies will be inherently difficult when using standard procedures, due to impractically long incubation times. Real-time kinetic analysis is often the only realistic alternative for affinity determination.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Microbiology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5218/version/1

A Quantitative Approach to Investigating the Hypothesis of Prokaryotic Intron Loss
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Robert M. Sinclair.
Using a novel method, we show that ordered triplets of motifs usually associated with spliceosomal intron recognition are underrepresented in the protein coding sequence of complete Thermotogae, archaeal and bacterial genomes. The underrepresentation observed does not extend to the noncoding strand, suggesting that the cause of the asymmetry is related to mRNA rather than DNA. Our data do not suggest that the underrepresentation is due to gene transfer from eukaryotes. We speculate that one possible explanation for these observations is that the protein coding sequence of Thermotogae, Archaea and Bacteria was at some time in the past subjected to selection against certain motifs appearing in an order which might initiate splicing in environments harboring...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5770/version/1

The &amp;#x201c;Minimum Information about an ENvironmental Sequence&amp;#x201d; (MIENS) specification
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Pelin  Yilmaz; Renzo Kottmann; Dawn Field; Rob Knight; James R. Cole; Linda Amaral-Zettler; Jack A. Gilbert; Ilene Karsch-Mizrachi; Anjanette  Johnston; Guy Cochrane; Robert  Vaughan; Christopher Hunter; Joonhong Park; Norman Morrison; Phillipe Rocca-Serra; Peter Sterk; Mani Arumugam; Laura Baumgartner; Bruce W. Birren; Martin J. Blaser; Vivien Bonazzi; Peer Bork; Pier Luigi Buttigieg; Patrick Chain; Elizabeth K. Costello; Heather Huot-Creasy; Peter Dawyndt; Todd DeSantis; Noah Fierer; Jed Fuhrman; Rachel E. Gallery; Richard A. Gibbs; Michelle Gwinn Giglio; Inigo San Gil; Elizabeth M. Glass; Antonio Gonzalez; Jeffrey I. Gordon; Robert Guralnick; Wolfgang Hankeln; Sarah Highlander; Philip Hugenholtz; Janet Jansson; Jerry Kennedy; Dan Knights; Omry Koren; Justin Kuczynski; Nikos Kyrpides; Robert Larsen; Christian L. Lauber; Teresa Legg; Ruth E. Ley; Catherine  A. Lozupone; Wolfgang Ludwig; Donna Lyons; Eamonn  Maguire; Barbara A. Meth&amp;#xe9;; Folker Meyer; Sara Nakielny; Karen E. Nelson; Diana Nemergut; Josh D. Neufeld; Norman R. Pace; Giriprakash Palanisamy; J&amp;#xf6;rg Peplies; Jane Peterson; Joseph Petrosino; Lita Proctor; Jeroen Raes; Sujeevan Ratnasingham; Jacques Ravel; David A. Relman; Susanna Assunta-Sansone; Lynn Schriml; Erica Sodergren; Aym&amp;#xe9; Spor; Jesse Stombaugh; James M. Tiedje; Doyle V. Ward; George M. Weinstock; Doug Wendel; Owen White; Andreas Wilke; Jennifer Wortmann; Frank Oliver Gl&amp;#xf6;ckner.
We present the Genomic Standards Consortium&amp;#x2019;s (GSC) &amp;#x201c;Minimum Information about an ENvironmental Sequence&amp;#x201d; (MIENS) standard for describing marker genes. Adoption of MIENS will enhance our ability to analyze natural genetic diversity across the Tree of Life as it is currently being documented by massive DNA sequencing efforts from myriad ecosystems in our ever-changing biosphere.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Ecology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Bioinformatics; Earth &amp; Environment; Data Standards.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5252/version/2

Allicin from garlic suppresses TNF-&amp;#x3b1; and augments IFN-&amp;#x3b3; expressions in monocyte cultures from patients with Vaginitis
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Najmul Islam; Jawed Iqbal; Nazarul Hasan; Zeeshan Fatima; Hamida Thakur; Nazia Hasan; Abbas Ali Mahdi; Tamkin Khan; Farzana Bano; Irfan Ahmad Ansari.
Objective: We tried to explore beneficial effects of allicin- a natural antioxidant from garlic in the possible management of vaginitis. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC&amp;#x2019;s) were isolated from blood of patients having vaginal infections as well as normal healthy subjects as per our published protocol. Monocytes (MN&amp;#x2019;s) from above PBMC&amp;#x2019;s were adhered, rested overnight and cultured without or with varying doses of allicin (0-500 ng/ml). Some cultures received SN50 and SN50M (100 ug/ml). After 24 hrs cultures, the cells were harvested and the supernatants subjected to secreted TNF-&amp;#x3b1; and sIFN-&amp;#x3b3; assays by ELISA. Treated/untreated harvested cells were subjected to glutathione...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1560/version/1

Identification and Evolution of Transcription Factors in Stramenopiles
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Francisco Buitrago; Silvia Restrepo; Diego Ria&amp;#xf1;o-Pach&amp;#xf3;n.
Background. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Many transcriptional regulatory proteins have been identified and classified into several families on the basis of sequence similarity (Fukami, 2003), these families usually regulate important biological processes, such as development and responses to external stimuli. Transcription factors (TFs) regulate spatial and temporal gene expression by binding to DNA and either activating or repressing the action of RNA polymerases (Latchman, 2004); in addition to TFs, other Transcriptional regulators (TRs) participate in transcriptional modulation by e.g., chromatin remodeling. With the availability of genome sequences for several organisms and computational strategies for gene functional annotation, the entire set of Transcription...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6400/version/1

Modeling reaction-diffusion of molecules on surface and in volume spaces with the E-Cell System
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Satya N. V. Arjunan; Masaru Tomita.
The-Cell System is an advanced open-source simulation platform to model and analyze biochemical reaction networks. The present algorithm modules of the system assume that the reacting molecules are all homogeneously distributed in the reaction compartments, which is not the case in some cellular processes. The MinCDE system in Escherichia coli, for example, relies on intricately controlled reaction, diffusion and localization of Min proteins on the membrane and in the cytoplasm compartments to inhibit cell division at the poles of the rod-shaped cell. To model such processes, we have extended the E-Cell System to support reaction-diffusion and dynamic localization of molecules in volume and surface compartments. We evaluated our method by modeling the in...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3526/version/1

The Microbial Ecology of Bacterial Vaginosis: A Fine Scale Resolution Metagenomic Analysis
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Jacques  Ravel; Larry J. Forney.
The vaginal microbiota play an important protective role in maintaining the health of women. Disruption of the mutualistic relationship that exists between bacterial communities in the vagina and their hosts can lead to bacterial vaginosis (BV), a condition in which lactic acid producing bacteria are supplanted by a diverse array of strictly anaerobic bacteria. BV has been shown to be an independent risk factor for adverse outcomes including preterm delivery and low infant birth weight, acquisition of sexually transmitted infections and HIV, and development of pelvic inflammatory disease. National surveys indicate the prevalence of BV among U.S. women is 29.2%, and yet, despite considerable effort, the etiology of BV remains unknown. Moreover, there are no...
Tipo: Marker Paper / Data Plan
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology; Bioinformatics; Data Standards.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5062/version/1

Sociobiological Control of Plasmid copy number
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Mukta Watve; Milind Watve.
Background:&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;All known mechanisms and genes responsible for the regulation of plasmid replication lie with the plasmid rather than the chromosome. It is possible therefore that there can be copy-up mutants. Copy-up mutants will have within host selective advantage. This would eventually result into instability of bacteria-plasmid association. In spite of this possibility low copy number plasmids appear to exist stably in host populations. We examined this paradox using a computer simulation model.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Model:&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Our multilevel selection model assumes a wild type with tightly regulated replication to ensure low copy number. A mutant with slightly relaxed replication regulation can act as a...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2016/version/1

Time to focus on function:  Linking microbial community structure to novel aspects of microbial function
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Matthew  D. Wallenstein.
*Background/Question/Methods*&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;One of the fundamental challenges in microbial ecology is to examine how microbial communities that differ in composition may also differ in function.  Since the advent of molecular techniques, we have become increasingly proficient at analyzing community structure to fine taxonomic levels, and with ever-increasing depth of coverage.  However, we have made less progress in understanding the aspects of microbial &amp;#x2018;function&amp;#x2019; that differ between communities.  I argue that this is largely due to our traditional approach of measure microbial activities at optimal conditions in potential assays.  While this approach allows for comparisons across space or time, or in response to experimental...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3648/version/1

Expression profile of genes involved in hydrogen sulphide liberation by _Saccharomyces cerevisiae_ grown under different nitrogen concentrations
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Ana  Mendes-Ferreira; Catarina Barbosa; Marcel.l&amp;#xed; del Olmo; Arlete Mendes-Faia; Cec&amp;#xed;lia Le&amp;#xe3;o.
The present work aims to elucidate molecular mechanisms underlying hydrogen sulphide production in _S. cerevisiae_ associated to nitrogen deficiency. To assess, at a genome-wide level, how the yeast strain adapted to the progressive nitrogen depletion and to nitrogen re-feeding, gene expression profiles were evaluated during fermentation at different nitrogen concentrations, using the DNA array technology. The results showed that most MET genes displayed higher expression values at the beginning of both control and N-limiting fermentation, just before the time at which the release of sulphide was observed. MET genes were downregulated when yeast stopped growing which could associate MET gene expression levels with cell growth. The over expression of MET...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2736/version/1

Application of a periodic table for the genetic code of the influenza A/H3N2 virus
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Susumu Morimoto.
The progress of life sciences would be greatly enhanced if biological data were available in a manner similar to the periodic table of the elements. Currently, the mutation rules for influenza viruses remain ambiguous. In light of the threat of Avian Influenza there is an urgent need to understand the governing principles behind influenza virus mutations. Here, the applicability of a periodic table for the genetic code of influenza A/H3N2 virus is explored. In addition, two rules regarding single point mutations of the hemagglutinin gene are presented. The first rule states that non-synonymous single point mutations are intimately associated with the first or second base replacements between two congener codons of four groups (5, 6, 9, and 10) in the...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/428/version/2

Subtyping of Dengue Viruses using Return Time Distribution based Appproach
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Pandurang Kolekar; Mohan Kale; Urmila Kulkarni-Kale.
Dengue virus (DENV) is the causative agent of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever and Dengue Shock Syndrome, and continues to represent a major public health hazard. DENVs are antigenically classified in four serotypes and each serotype is further divided into respective genotypes. The association between DENV subtypes and the kind &amp;#x26; severity of disease caused by them is known. Experimental and computational approaches for subtyping are routinely used for the purpose of diagnosis and treatment of DENV, in addition to the study of phylodynamics. All virus-specific molecular subtyping tools make use of sequence alignments at backend. But as the volume of molecular data increases, alignment-dependent methods become computationally intensive. Hence, the need for...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5590/version/1

Small critical RNAs in the scrapie agent
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Steve Simoneau; Marie-Madeleine Ruchoux; Nicolas Vignier; Pierre Lebon; Sophie Freire; Emmanuel Comoy; Jean-Philippe Deslys; Jean-Guy Fournier.
Unconventional infectious agents cause transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) diseases including scrapie and bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in animals and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in humans. The protein only hypothesis claims that the TSE agent is composed solely of the protein called prion (PrP^sc^)^1^. This protein is the misfolded form of a host-encoded cellular protein, PrP^c^ exerting presumably a vital role at the synapse^2^. Even though now widely accepted, the prion concept fails to provide in certain circumstances^3-6^, a satisfying interpretation of the infectious phenomenon. Using the 263K scrapie-hamster model, we conducted a transmission study to search for a putative prion-associated factor indispensable for infectivity. Here...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Neuroscience.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3344/version/1

Exploring The Hidden Realms Of Global Biodiversity: Interesting Endophytic Yeast Flora From Floral Ovaries
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Nandkumar Kamat; Shweta S. Saudagar.
Soil is considered the ultimate reservoir of all the microbiota  and specifically the yeasts. However their association with different plant organs and at different developmental stages is not fully explored. Although about 1000 yeast species have been identified, exploration of various microhabitats such as plant storage organs, flowers, nectar, and tree sap is expected to yield a large number of novel species, including interesting endophytic yeasts(Carlos &amp;#x26; Gabor, 2006). Angiosperms are considered the most diverse group of the plant kingdom comprising of about 250,000 species (Kenrick, 1999). As part of an exhaustive exploration of yeasts associated with angiosperm flowers, specific attention was paid to floral ovaries to detect the presence of...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Ecology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6268/version/1

Bacterial Capnine Blocks Transcription of Human Antimicrobial Peptides
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Trevor G. Marshall.
The US CDC believes that 65% of all infections in developed countries may be caused by pathogens in biofilms. Electron Microscopy has shown that these bacterial communities can evade phagocytosis, and persist in the cytoplasm of monocytes, macrophages, lymphocytes and neutrophils. Three decades ago, Wirostko _et al._ found such intraphagocytic communities in Crohn&amp;#x2019;s disease, Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis and Sarcoidosis. However, the mechanism(s) by which such persistent bacteria could evade the immune system have remained elusive. Recently, 16S RNA from species of gliding bacteria never thought to be able to survive _in vivo_, have been found in surgically removed biofilms. This study set out to identify whether the genomes of these gliding...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/164/version/1

Tuberculosis vaccine strain _Mycobacterium bovis_ BCG Russia is a natural _recA_ mutant
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Peter M. Keller; Erik C. Boettger; Peter Sander.
The current tuberculosis vaccine is a live vaccine derived from _Mycobacterium bovis_ and attenuated by serial _in vitro_ passaging. All vaccine substrains in use stem from one source, strain Bacille Calmette-Gu&amp;#xe9;rin. However, they differ in regions of genomic deletions, antigen expression levels, immunogenicity, and protective efficacy. As a RecA phenotype increases genetic stability and may contribute restricting the ongoing evolution of the various BCG substrains, we aimed to inactivate _recA_ by allelic replacement in BCG vaccine strains representing different phylogenetic lineages (Pasteur, Frappier, Denmark, Russia). Homologous gene replacement was successful in three out of four strains. However, only illegitimate recombination was observed...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1576/version/1

Mechanistic mechanisms of competition and biodiversity
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Lev V. Kalmykov; Vyacheslav L. Kalmykov.
The nature of competition and biodiversity are open basic questions since Darwin. To investigate mechanisms of interspecific competition and their contribution in biodiversity as closely as possible we offer a white-box modelling method based on physically interpreted ecological axioms. These models are implemented as deterministic individual-based cellular automata and able to give a direct physico-mechanistic insight into studied phenomena. Competition of two trophically identical but fitness different species, competing for one limiting resource in one stable uniform habitat (which is closed for immigration, emigration, predation, herbivory and parasitism) has been investigated in conditions, which are the most unfavourable for their coexistence. The...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7105/version/1

Root-associated fungal communities colonizing two dominant semiarid grasses: Hilaria sp. and Stipa sp.
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Miriam I. Hutchinson; Jayne Belnap; Jose Herrera; Robert Sinsabaugh; Andrea Porras-Alfaro.
We conducted a preliminary survey of the fungal communities associated with roots of Stipa hymenoides and Hilaria jamesii, two grasses native to the southwestern United States. Root samples from 10 different plants were collected at a semiarid grassland in Utah. Fungal communities were assessed using microscopic and molecular methods. Roots were cleared with KOH and stained using blue ink to visualize mycorrhizal and endophytic fungi. A total of 100 root segments were surface sterilized and plated on malt extract agar with antibiotics.  Fungal endophytes were identified using nrITS primers.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Results/Conclusions&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Microscopic analyses showed that all root samples from both Hillaria and Stipa...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3679/version/1

Screening of actinobacteria for antimicrobial activities by a modified &amp;#x22;Cross-Streak&amp;#x22; method
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Nandkumar Kamat; Sonashia Velho-Pereira.
New molecule discovery from natural sources, such as that of actinobacteria, has proved to be an interesting area in antibiotic research, as most of these antibiotics are difficult to synthesize. Out of 30 actinobacterial cultures screened for antimicrobial activity, 28 cultures were found to produce active products against various pathogenic microorganisms such as Gram-negative, Gram-positive bacteria and yeast, using a &amp;#x2018;modified cross streak method.&amp;#x27; The modified method helped in easy quantification of results and also in ruling out probable mutual antibiosis. 53%, 13% and 10% of tested actinobacterial strains belonging to Streptomyces, Micromonospora and Actinomadura genera, respectively, showed the ability of producing antimicrobial...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Immunology; Microbiology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6765/version/1

Urban Creek flow, re-aeration and ecological health
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Peter Pollard; Sam Bagraith.
For two years we studied the health of a lowland freshwater ecosystem, Moggill Creek, flowing through the western suburbs of Brisbane Qld, Australia. We found: Terrestrial organic carbon was most likely driving very high bacterial growth and respiration rates that removed dissolved oxygen from the water. The diversity of fish and invertebrates was high and the overhanging riparian vegetation cover limited algal and cyanobacterial production. Overall the creek was in fair to good health&amp;#x2014;Report Grade&amp;#x201c;D&amp;#x201d;.  Conclusion:  Water column dissolved oxygen concentrations and Creek health relied on environmental flow during rain to physically re-aerate the water to counter the high bacterial consumption of oxygen that resulted from the...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4698/version/1

A Report of the Mosquito Host Range of Pythium guiyangense Su
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Xiaoqing Su.
Mosquito causes problems in both disease transmission and disturbance to people&amp;#x27;s daily life. The controlling methods used now are mainly application of chemical pesticides which result in serious harm to environment. Biological control of the pest is one of the ideal ways. But, lack of suitable agent makes it difficult to extend this technique in wider scope. _Pythium guiyangense_ Su is a newly found fungal pathogen of mosquitoes and is promising for practical use. Here we summarize a list of mosquitoes that can be infected by the fungus so far, which shows the potential significance of the application of the fungus in the future.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Earth &amp; Environment.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1875/version/1

CloVR-16S: Phylogenetic microbial community composition analysis based on 16S ribosomal RNA amplicon sequencing &amp;#x2013; standard operating procedure, version 1.1
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: James R. White; Cesar Arze; Malcolm Matalka; The CloVR Team; Owen White; Samuel V. Angiuoli; W. Florian Fricke.
The CloVR-16S pipeline employs several well-known phylogenetic tools and protocols for the analysis of 16S rRNA sequence datasets: &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;A) Qiime &amp;#x2013; a Python-based workflow package, allowing for sequence processing and phylogenetic analysis using different methods including the phylogenetic distance metric UniFrac, UCLUST, PyNAST and the RDP Bayesian classifier;  &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;B) UCHIME &amp;#x2013; a tool for rapid identification of chimeric 16S sequence fragments; &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;C) Mothur &amp;#x2013; a C++-based software package for 16S analysis;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;D) Metastats and custom R scripts used to generate additional statistical and graphical evaluations.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa; &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;CloVR-16S...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6287/version/1

Investigations on biological activity of Vetiveria zizanioides L. Nash, a palingenesis of some important findings in miracle grass
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Suaib Luqman.
Vetiveria zizanioides L. Nash synonymously known as Chrysopogon zizanioides L. Roberty (Family: Poaceae/Graminae), widely cultivated in the tropical regions of the world, is a miraculous grass native to India first developed for soil and water conservation by the World Bank during mid 1980s. Popularly known as &amp;#x2018;KHUS&amp;#x2019;, it is the major source of the well-known oil of vetiver, which is used in medicine, cosmetics and in perfumery making agarbattis, soaps, soft drinks, pan masala. Being a major constituent of &amp;#x2018;Rasayana&amp;#x2019; in Ayurveda, different parts of the vetiver plant have traditionally been used by the Indian tribes for treating various ailments, diseases and disorders including boils, burns, epilepsy, fever,...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6904/version/1

2011 German Escherichia coli outbreak: Alignment-free whole-genome phylogeny by feature frequency profiles
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Man Kit Cheung; Lei LI; Wenyan Nong; Hoi Shan Kwan.
Accuracy of SNP-based whole-genome phylogeny reconstruction relies heavily on quality of sequence alignment which is particularly hindered by poorly assembled genomes. Alignment-free methods might provide additional insights. Here, we constructed a whole-genome phylogeny of 9 E.coli isolates from the 2011 German outbreak against existing E. coli genomes using the alignment-free feature frequency profile method. In addition, we looked for gene elements that distinguish the outbreak group from the other E. coli strains and possibly accounted for the emergence of the outbreak isolates using the distinguishing feature analysis.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6109/version/1

Telomeres in Evolution and Development from Biosemiotic Perspective
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Guenther Witzany.
Telomeres identify natural chromosome ends being different from broken DNA through differences in their &amp;#x22;molecular syntax&amp;#x22; (M.Eigen) which determines the functions of reverse transcriptase and its integrated RNA template, telomerase. Although telomeres play a crucial role in the linear chromosome organization of eukaryotic cells, their molecular syntax descended from an ancient retroviral competence. This is an indicator for the early retroviral colonization of large double stranded DNA viruses, which are putative ancestors of the eukaryotic nucleus.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;This talk will demonstrate certain advantages of the biosemiotic approach towards our evolutionary understanding of telomeres: focus on the genetic/genomic structures as...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Ecology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/932/version/1

SARS-CoV Regulates Immune Function-Related Gene Expressions in Human Monocytic Cells
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Wan-Jiung(Wan-Chung) Hu; Yu-Ting Yen; Sher Singh; Chuan-Liang Kao; Betty A. Wu-Hsieh.
Background: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) is characterized by acute respiratory distress (ARDS) and pulmonary fibrosis, and the monocyte/macrophage is the key player in the pathogenesis of SARS.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa; &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Methods: In this study, we compared the transcriptional profiles of SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) infected monocytic cells against that infected by coronavirus 229E (CoV-229E). Total RNA was extracted from infected DC-SIGN transfected monocytes (THP-1-DC-SIGN) at 6 and 24 h after infection and the gene expression was profiled by oligonucleotide-based microarray. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Results: Analysis of immune-related gene expression profiles showed that 24 h after SARS-CoV infection, (i)...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5908/version/1

A new multicompartmental reaction-diffusion modeling method links transient membrane attachment of E. coli MinE to E-ring formation
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Satya N. V. Arjunan; Masaru Tomita.
Many important cellular processes are regulated by reaction-diffusion (RD) of molecules that takes place both in the cytoplasm and on the membrane. To model and analyze such multicompartmental processes, we developed a lattice-based Monte Carlo method, Spatiocyte that supports RD in volume and surface compartments at single molecule resolution. Stochasticity in RD and the excluded volume effect brought by intracellular molecular crowding, both of which can significantly affect RD and thus, cellular processes, are also supported. We verified the method by comparing simulation results of diffusion, irreversible and reversible reactions with the predicted analytical and best available numerical solutions. Moreover, to directly compare the localization...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3845/version/1

Microbial adaptations to envrionmental change: a moving target for global change ecology
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Matthew D. Wallenstein; Sarah Evans.
Background/Question/Methods &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;As the abiotic conditions that structure biological communities and elicit physiological responses continue to change at an unprecedented rate, we need to understand how biological responses to global change will affect ecosystem functioning. A number of studies have detected shifts in the structure of microbial communities in response to experimental warming, elevated CO2 altered&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;precipitation, and increased N deposition. However, since the links between microbial phylogeny and function are poorly understood, it can be challenging to predict how these changes in community structure will affect the rates of specific processes. It is often assumed that the high diversity of microbial communities...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology; Earth &amp; Environment.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5510/version/1

Internal ribosomal entry site lacks secondary structure
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Xuhua Xia.
The search for mechanisms of translational regulation has yielded many experimentally identified internal ribosome entry sites (IRES). Because of the lack of sequence similarity among the experimentally IRESs, it is widely assumed that IRESs posses stable secondary structure allowing them to interact with the components of the translation machinery. Contrary to this view, here we show that IRES activity in nine yeast IRESs, mapped to 60 nt immediately upstream of the initiation AUG, is strongly associated with the lack of secondary structure of IRESs. Furthermore, the reverse complements of these IRESs, with their secondary structure more stable than those of the IRESs, exhibit little IRES activity. The generality of this association is exemplified by the...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1248/version/1

Characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus infections to consider in designing an effective vaccine.
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Francisco Romero-Pastrana; Pablo Hern&amp;#xe1;ndez-J&amp;#xe1;uregui; Beatriz E. Baca.
_Staphylococcus aureus_ is a very versatile and adaptable microorganism. It can potentially infect virtually any host tissue. Given the appropriate conditions it can become a life-threatening pathogen, or a commensal colonizer of the nose. Extensive antibiotic use for infection control facilitated the rise of antibiotic resistance, stressing the need for alternate forms of control. Vaccine efforts in other pathogens have proved successful, but so far _S. aureus_ candidate vaccines have not been as effective. Here we review _S. aureus_ factors involved in pathogenesis that could help develop a successful vaccine, like host nasal colonization and immune evasion factors. An effective multicomponent vaccine could incorporate antigenic fragments from several...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4598/version/1

Genome Replikin Count Predicts Increased Lethality of Resistant Tuberculosis
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Samuel Bogoch; Elenore S. Bogoch.
The genomic Replikin Count of all the sequences  on Pubmed of different strains of tuberculosis were analyzed. The lowest Counts occurred with species within the lowest drug resistance, the highest Counts with sequences of the highest drug resistance and lethality.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7141/version/1

A Bacterial Enzyme Catalyzing Double Reduction of a &amp;#x3b2;,&amp;#x3b4;-Diketo Ester with Unprecedented Stereoselectivity
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Xuri Wu; Nan Liu; Yunmian He; Yijun Chen.
Various ketoreductases exclusively participate in all common biological events, and they are a class of important biocatalysts for the production of chiral alcohols. While many types of ketoreductase have been extensively studied and their functions, properties and utilities have been well known, the capability of stereoselectively reducing two carbonyl groups in the same diketohexanoate ester molecule to form a dihydroxy product by a single ketoreductase has not been evidently characterized. Here we show that a unique and novel enzyme, diketoreductase, was cloned from Acinetobacter baylyi, heterogeneously expressed in _Escherichia coli_ and purified to homogeneity. The diketoreductase is up to 78% homologous to bacterial 3-hydroxyacyl coenzyme-A...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Microbiology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1697/version/1

Antiviral Effects of a Synthetic Aluminium-Magnesium Silicate on Avian Influenza Virus
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Madike Ezeibe; Anthony Egbuji; Obianuju Okoroafor; James Eze; Omadi Ijabo; Augustine Ngene; Ikechukwu Eze; Joeseph Ugonabo; Mary Sanda; Ijeoma Mbuko.
Effects of a synthetic Aluminium-Magnesium Silicate (AMS) on Avian Influenza Virus (AIV) were tested. Equal amounts of H5N1 AIV samples and of AMS were mixed, left one hour, at room temperature before centrifuging. The supernatants were remeasured and tested for viral titre, for Mean Death Time (MDT) and Embryo Mortality Rate (EMR) of chicken eggs. Volumes of the viral samples reduced at rate of 23.4 &amp;#xb1; 5.48 %. Viral titres reduced significantly (P from HA, 73 &amp;#xb1; 32.72 to 1.4 &amp;#xb1;0.43). Also, mortality of infected embryos reduced from 100 % to 65% while MDT of those that died, increased significantly (P = 0.001) from 76 &amp;#xb1; 4.38 to 130 &amp;#xb1;17.27 hours.  When incubation with AMS was repeated on portions of the same sample,...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6509/version/1

Caloric restriction causes symmetric cell division and delays aging in Escherichia coli
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Milind G. Watve; Samit Watve; Prajakta Belsare; Uttara Lele; Snehal Bari; Sarika Karande.
Aging is one of the most intriguing processes of biology and despite decades of research, many aspects of aging are poorly understood. Aging is known to occur in bacteria and yeast that divide with morphological asymmetry. Morphologically symmetrically dividing bacteria such as _Escherichia coli_ were assumed not to age until they were shown to divide with functional asymmetry leading to aging and death of some of the cells even in exponentially growing cultures. In asymmetrically dividing _E. coli_ the newly synthesized components are presumed to occupy one pole so that after division one of the daughter cells receives newly synthesized components whereas the other retains the older components. Mathematical models predicted that at the population level,...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2071/version/1

Estimation of extracellular lipase enzyme produced by thermophilic bacillus sp. isolated from arid and semi-arid region of Rajasthan, India
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Deeksha   Gaur; Pankaj Kumar   Jain; Yamini Singh  Sisodia; Vivek  Bajpai.
Thermophilic organisms can be defined as microorganisms which are adapted to live at high temperatures. The enzymes produce by thermophilic bacteria are capable of catalyzing biochemical reactions at high temperatures. Thermophilic bacteria are able to produce thermostable lipase enzymes capable of degradation of lipid at temperatures higher than those of mesophilic bacteria. Therefore, the isolation of thermophilic bacteria from natural sources and their identification are quite useful in terms of discovering thermophilic lipase enzymes. Due to great temperature fluctuation in hot arid and semi-arid regions of Rajasthan, this area could serve as a good source for new thermophilic lipase producing bacteria with novel industrially important properties. The...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7072/version/1

Genomic Replikin Count Predicts Increased Lethality of Malaria
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Samuel Bogoch; Elenore S. Bogoch.
Genomic Replikin Counts predict both the increase and the decrease of lethality of malaria
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7142/version/1

Effect of Crohn&amp;#x27;s Disease Risk Alleles on Enteric Microbiota Marker Paper
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Ellen Li; Erica Sodergren; George Weinstock; Thaddeus Stappenbeck; Daniel Frank; Charles Robertson; Norman Pace; Wei Zhu; Edgar Boedeker; R. Balfour Sartor; Phillip Tarr; Lloyd Mayer; David Dietz.
This UH2/UH3 demonstration project entitled &amp;#x201c;Effects of Crohn&amp;#x2019;s disease risk alleles on enteric microbiota&amp;#x201d; is focused on characterizing intestinal associated microbiota in patients with ileal Crohn&amp;#x2019;s disease (ileal CD), ulcerative colitis (UC) and control patients without inflammatory bowel diseases (non-IBD).  We hypothesize that genetic factors that affect Paneth cell function, contribute to compositional changes in intestinal microbiota.  These changes in microbiota may lead to reduction of protective commensal organisms and increased numbers of aggressive organisms that incite intestinal inflammation. This hypothesis is being tested by high throughput 16S rRNA sequence analysis of de-identified ileal and...
Tipo: Marker Paper / Data Plan
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Data Standards.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4975/version/1

Integrating genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics into environmental enzymology:  the next frontier or fool&amp;#x27;s gold?
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Matthew D. Wallenstein.
Extracellular enzymes are widely measured as indices of microbial activity, resource allocation, and substrate availability.  However, interpretation of enzyme activities is hampered by a limited understanding of controls on enzyme production, turnover, and in-situ activity.  In part, this is the consequence of methodological limitations, which require artificial substrates and are conducted under conditions that differ from in situ conditions.  Recently, new tools have emerged that have potential to provide new insights into microbial enzymology. Will these methods open a new frontier in enzymology research, or will they only result in the discovery of fool&amp;#x2019;s gold? I will highlight how genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic tools...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology; Bioinformatics; Earth &amp; Environment.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6159/version/1

Electronic Nose Technology to Measure Soil Microbial Activity and Classify Soil Metabolic Status
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Fabrizio De Cesare; Elena Di Mattia; Simone Pantalei; Emiliano Zampetti; Vittorio Vinciguerra; Antonella Macagnano.
The electronic nose (E-nose) is a sensing technology that has been widely used to monitor environments in the last decade. In the present study, the capability of an E-nose, in combination with biochemical and microbiological techniques, of both detecting the microbial activity and estimating the metabolic status of soil ecosystems, was tested by measuring on one side respiration, enzyme activities and growth of bacteria in natural but simplified soil ecosystems over 23 days of incubation through traditional methodologies, and on the other side VOCs and/or gases evolution in their headspace during the same period through the E-nose. Both kinds of measurements, i.e. biochemical-microbiological and sensorial, succeeded in discriminating between inoculated...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology; Earth &amp; Environment.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6364/version/1

Genetic incorporation of D-Lysine into diketoreductase in Escherichia coli cells
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Zhi Zhi Liu; Xin Yang; Denghuan Yi; Shuzhen Wang; Yijun Chen.
D-Lysine has been genetically introduced into diketoreductase in E. coli cells by utilization of an orthogonal Ph tRNA /Lysyl-tRNA synthetase pair. This is the first report on the genetic incoporation of D-amino acids into proteins, which may be generally applicable to a wide variety of applications.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6777/version/1

X-ray phase contrast imaging of biological specimens with tabletop synchrotron radiation
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Stefan Kneip; Chris McGuffey; Franklin Dollar; Michael S. Bloom; Vladimir Chvykov; Galina Kalintchenko; Karl Krushelnick; Anatoly Maksimchuk; Stuart P. D. Mangles; Takeshi Matsuoka; Zulfikar Najmudin; Charlotte A. J. Palmer; Joerg Schreiber; Will Schumaker; Alexander G. R. Thomas; Victor Yanovsky.
Since their discovery in 1896, x-rays have had a profound impact on science, medicine and technology. Here we show that the x-rays from a novel tabletop source of bright coherent synchrotron radiation can be applied to phase contrast imaging of biological specimens, yielding superior image quality and avoiding the need for scarce or expensive conventional sources.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Microbiology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5946/version/1

Endoscopy
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Perumal P.
Endoscopy is a minimally invasive diagnostic medical procedure that is used to assess the interior surfaces of an organ by inserting a tube into the body. The instrument may have a rigid or flexible tube and not only provide an image for visual inspection and photography, but also enable taking biopsies and retrieval of foreign objects. Endoscopy is the vehicle for minimally invasive surgery and patients may receive conscious sedation so they do not have to be consciously aware of the discomfort. Many endoscopic procedures are considered to be relatively painless and, at worst, associated with moderate discomfort.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7064/version/1

The largest reservoir of mitochondrial introns is a relic of an ancestral split gene
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Cyril Ferandon; Serge Moukha; Philippe Callac; Jean-Pierre Benedetto; Michel Castroviejo; Gerard Barroso.
In eukaryotes, introns are located in nuclear and organelle genes from several kingdoms (ref. 1-4). Large introns (0.1 to 5 kbp) are frequent in mitochondrial genomes of plant and fungi (ref. 1,5) but scarce in Metazoa, despite these organisms are grouped with fungi among Opisthokonts. Introns are classified in two main groups (I and II) according to their RNA secondary structure involved in the intron self-splicing mechanism (ref. 5,6). Most of the group I introns carry a &amp;#x22;Homing Endonuclease Gene&amp;#x22; (ref. 7-9) encoding a DNA endonuclease acting in the transfer and site specific integration &amp;#x22;homing&amp;#x22;) and allowing the intron spreading and gain after lateral transfer even between species from different kingdoms (ref....
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4373/version/1

Evaluation of CD4+ T Cells in HIV Patients Presenting with Malaria at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital Nigeria
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Olajide O. Agbede; Temitope O. Ajiboye; Olatunji M. Kolawole; Samuel A. Babatunde; Louis  O. Odeigha.
CD4 count is an important immunological marker of disease progression in HIV seropositive patients. This study was carried out to determine the effect of malaria or fever of unknown origin on the population of CD4+ T lymphocytes of HIV seropositive patients attending the highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) clinic of the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria. 36 subjects were selected for this study. Ongoing history of fever was used as a case definition for malaria and malaria was confirmed from microscopic examination of thick and thin film of blood sample obtained from the patients during presentation with fever. The CD4 count was evaluated during presentation of fever and post-fever using flow cytometry. There was significant...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3974/version/1

Host factors affecting abomasal parasites in Alpine Ibex
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Roberta  Ceccarelli; Valentina Valenti; Paolo Lanfranchi; Nicola Ferrari.
Alpine ibex is characterized by strong sexual differences, both morphological and in population dynamics. Host sex has been shown to strongly affect parasite load with males usually more infected than females. Moreover ibex exhibit a peculiar pattern of survival with subadult males having a slow growing rate coupled with high survival which rapidly decline in old individual. This peculiar life history has been suggested to have been developed as adaptation to an harsh environment. In this way by investing fewer resources in growing the ibex can direct more energy in survival. At the same time the investment in immunodefence can change over the age. To verify the hypothesis that sex and age affect parasite infection, we analysed the abomasal parasite...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology; Earth &amp; Environment.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3805/version/1

Chromobacterium violaceum ATCC12472: Multi-drug and ethidium bromide resistant
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Cristiana G. O. Dal&amp;#x27;Molin; Regina V. Ant&amp;#xf4;nio; Luismar M. Porto.
_Chromobacterium violaceum_ is an opportunistic human pathogen causing a range of gastric infections and occasionally septicemia. This Gram-negative bacillus is a common inhabitant of soil and water in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. Infection occurs after contamination of damaged skin exposed to soil or environmental water. Alternatively, systemic infection can follow the aspiration or ingestion of contaminated water. The major features of infections by _C. violaceum_ are, in generally, rapid clinical course, multiple visceral abscesses, and high mortality. Genomic data on the type strain ATCC 12472 has provided a comprehensive basis for detailed studies of pathogenicity, virulence and drug resistance genes. In this study, the susceptibility...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3366/version/1

Host Genetics and Viral Diversity: Report from a Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise Working Group
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Andrew McMichael; Francine  McCutchan; the Working Group convened by the Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise.
The Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise convened a workshop in September 2009 to discuss human and viral genetic variation and its impact on future directions for HIV vaccine research and development. The formidable challenges presented by virus and host genetic variability are interrelated and complicate vaccine development. HIV vaccine researchers need to develop innovative approaches that will facilitate addressing these questions in novel ways.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4797/version/1

Host Genetics and Viral Diversity: Report from a Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise Working Group
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Andrew McMichael; Francine  McCutchan; the Working Group convened by the Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise.
The Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise convened a workshop in September 2009 to discuss human and viral genetic variation and its impact on future directions for HIV vaccine research and development. The formidable challenges presented by virus and host genetic variability are interrelated and complicate vaccine development. HIV vaccine researchers need to develop innovative approaches that will facilitate addressing these questions in novel ways.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4797/version/2

On Asymmetry in Biology and Nature
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I. C. Baianu.
Symmetry has attracted a substantial amount of effort because considerable simplifications are possible in the mathematical and physical treatment of phenomena and natural systems that possess a certain degree of symmetry. Among physical and chemical systems the most widely known are those related to crystals and fluids. Whereas crystals have a lattice structure and a symmetry caused by &amp;#x2018;perfect&amp;#x2019; order which can be classified by mathematical symmetry groups, most fluids have an average isotropic, highly-disordered &amp;#x2018;structure&amp;#x2019; that is often considered to be random.Asymmetry is widely encountered in Biology and ecological systems- from amino acids to trees forests, and tribes, from physiological processes to...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Ecology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology; Bioinformatics; Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7134/version/1

Structure Prediction and Functional Characterization of ERG Proteins Involved in Ergosterol Biosynthetic Pathway of Candida albicans
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Sudeep  Roy; Suaib  Luqman; Ashok  Sharma.
The ERG proteins and enzymes of the ergosterol biosynthetic pathway has been the subject of intensive investigation as a target for several classes of antifungal agents used to treat C. albicans infection. Over the past few decades, a number of drugs and inhibitors with wide spectrum of activity, low toxicity and defined targets have been introduced. Several lines of evidence suggest that allylamines targets squalene epoxidase (ERG1), morpholines affects sterol C8-C7 isomerase (ERG2) and sterol reductase (ERG24), azoles inhibits a cytochrome P450 (ERG11) responsible for the 14 &amp;#x3b1;-demethylation of lanosterol and C-5 sterol desaturase (ERG3) and polyenes binds to ergosterol that leads to the damage of cell plasma membrane, ensuing in leakage of...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6709/version/1

_Streptomyces_ sp. as predators of bacteria
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Charushila A. Kumbhar; Milind G. Watve.
Background: The ecological role of actinomycetes and their secondary metabolites is not yet completely understood. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Hypothesis: Actinomycetes and Streptomyces sp. in particular, are non-obligate predators of bacteria in soil. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Evidence: Ability to grow on live bacterial cells as a sole source of nutrients. Prey cell lysis accompanying growth. Circumstantial evidence for the involvement of antimicrobials along with enzymes.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Implications: This finding may open up a new source of novel secondary metabolites from the genus.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Ecology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1263/version/1

Molecular Bio-imprinting of Biocatalysts
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Israr  Khan; Muhammad Waheed Akhtar.
Energy conservation is the cry of the day. Attempts are made all over the world to occupy and use energy reserves. Increased industrialization and mechanization has led to the  depletion of natural energy reserves. Its unavoidable to search for renewable sources of energy, which may be not used now but can be used by future generations. We are using the expertise of our ancestors. Thus exploiting the nature and newer techniques in this area would yield the best results. Bio-imprinting is one of those techniques whereby chemical modification is done in order to achieve highly expressed protein which can be stored in its highly active form in the specific solvent.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Ecology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology; Neuroscience; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics; Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5665/version/1

Diet, Genetic Factors, and the Gut Microbiome in Crohn&amp;#x27;s Disease
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Gary D. Wu; James D. Lewis; Frederic D. Bushman.
This manuscript is part of a pilot effort on the part of NIH staff and the Nature publishing group to provide a more convenient archive for &amp;#x22;marker papers&amp;#x22; to be published.  These &amp;#x22;marker papers&amp;#x22; are designed to provide the users of community resource data sets with information regarding the status and scope of individual community resource projects.  For further information see editorial in September 2010 edition of Nature Genetics (Nature Genetics, 42, 729 (2010)), and the Nature Precedings HMP summary page.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Project IDs: 46313, 46879&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Publication moratorium: 1 year&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;     We propose to investigate the hypothesis that consistent changes...
Tipo: Marker Paper / Data Plan
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology; Data Standards.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5006/version/1

Concurrent Acquisition of a Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in Diverse Influenza H5N1 Clade 2.2 Sub-clades
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Henry L. Niman; Bruce R. Boynton.
Highly pathogenic Influenza A H5N1 was first identified in Guangdong Province in 1996, followed by human cases in Hong Kong in 1997 1,2. The number of confirmed human cases now exceeds 300, and the associated Case Fatality Rate exceeds 60% 3. The genetic diversity of the serotype continues to increase. Four distinct clades or sub-clades have been linked to human cases 4-7. The gradual genetic changes identified in the sub-clades have been attributed to copy errors by viral encoded polymerases that lack an editing function, thereby resulting in antigenic drift 8. We report here the concurrent acquisition of the same polymorphism by multiple, genetically distinct, clade 2.2 sub-clades in Egypt, Russia, and Ghana. These changes are not easily explained by the...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Ecology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/459/version/1

Bridging the Gaps between Fundamental, Preclinical and Clinical Research: Report from a Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise Working Group
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Lawrence  Corey; Brigitte  Autran; Louis  Picker; the Working Group convened by the Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise.
The Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise (the Enterprise) convened a two-day workshop on 17-18 September 2009, at the Enterprise offices in New York; to discuss approaches to bridging the gaps between fundamental,preclinical and clinical HIV vaccine research. The topic of this Working Group originated from discussions of the Enterprise Science Committee,which proposed that more effective collaboration between these three areas of HIV vaccine research is needed in order to accelerate the pace of scientific progress in the field. Because the meeting took place before the release of the RV144 trial results held in Thailand, the conclusions reached during the meeting were further discussed during consultations at scientific conferences and at a joint meeting of the...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4799/version/1

Membrane repair against H. pylori promotes cancer cell proliferation
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Li-Ling  Lin; Hsuan-Cheng Huang; Satoshi  Ogihara; Jin-Town Wang; Chiung-Nien Chen; Hsueh-Fen Juan.
Membrane repair is a universal response against physical and biological insults and enables cell survival. Helicobacter pylori is one of the most common human pathogens and the first formally recognized bacterial carcinogen associated with gastric cancer. However, little is known about host membrane repair in the context of H. pylori infection. Here we show that H. pylori disrupts the host plasma membrane and induces Ca2+ influx, which triggers the translocation of annexin family members A1 and A4 to the plasma membrane. This in turn activates a membrane repair response through the recruitment of lysosomal membranes and the induction of downstream signaling transduction pathways that promote cell survival and proliferation. Based on our data, we propose a...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4887/version/1

Highly Efficient Gene Expression in B Lymphocytes Mediating by Lentivirus Vector
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Akira Tempaku.
Gene transduction and expression efficiencies among several type cell lines were compared by using vesicular stomatitis virus-glycoprotein (VSV-G) pseudotyped human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) based lentivirus vector. Large discrepancies of the efficiencies were shown among them. B lymphocytes showed high susceptibility of gene transduction and expression, while other cell lines marked lower potential. Variable gene transduction strategies have been assessed to apply immunological therapies. This study showed that B lymphocytes had facilities enough to support the gene transduction and expression by lentivirus vector. Our result suggested that the lentivirus vector would be a powerful tool to express exogenous genes in B lymphocytes.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7030/version/1

On attraction of slime mould Physarum polycephalum to plants with sedative properties
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Andrew Adamatzky.
A plasmodium of acellular slime mould Physarum polycephalum is a large single cell with many nuclei. Presented to a configuration of attracting and repelling stimuli a plasmodium optimizes its growth pattern and spans the attractants, while avoiding repellents, with efficient network of protoplasmic tubes. Such behaviour is interpreted as computation and the plasmodium as an amorphous growing biological computer. Till recently laboratory prototypes of slime mould computing devices (Physarum machines) employed rolled oats and oat powder to represent input data. We explore alternative sources of chemo-attractants, which do not require a sophisticated laboratory synthesis. We show that plasmodium of P. polycephalum prefers sedative herbal tablets and dried...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5985/version/1

The Human Microbiome and Recurrent Abdominal Pain in Children
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: James Versalovic; Robert J. Shulman; Kevin Riehle; Delphine M. Saulnier; Toni-Ann Mistretta; Maria A. Diaz; Sabeen Raza; Debasmita Mandal; Xiang Qin; Susan Lynch; Joseph Petrosino; Richard Gibbs.
This project explores the nature of the human intestinal microbiome in healthy children and children with recurrent abdominal pain. The overall goal is to obtain a robust knowledge base of the intestinal microbiome in children without evidence of pain or gastrointestinal disease and in those with recurrent abdominal pain (functional abdominal pain (FAP) and FAP associated with changes in bowel habits, i.e., irritable bowel syndrome or IBS).  Specific aims include: 1. Characterize the composition of the gut microbiome in healthy children by DNA sequencing. 2. Determine the presence of disease-specific organism signatures of variable gut microbiomes in children with recurrent abdominal pain.  3. Perform functional gut metagenomics by evaluation of whole...
Tipo: Marker Paper / Data Plan
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Bioinformatics; Data Standards.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5228/version/2

In Vitro Bactericidal Activities of Extracts From Ripe and Unripe Fruit of &amp;#x27;Noni&amp;#x27;
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Rajarajan Swaminathan; Shanthi Sabari; Nisha K John.
In an era of nutraceuticular research, &amp;#x2018;Noni&amp;#x2019; fruit is considered as a panacea because of the profound claim on its medicinal uses in treating many diseases inclusive of infections of microbial origin. Hence, the present study was done to know the antibacterial activity of aqueous extracts from ripe and unripe fruits of &amp;#x2018;Noni&amp;#x2019; Morinda citrifolia L on gastroenteritic and pyogenic bacteria. The study was done for eight gastroenteritic bacteria and six pyogenic bacteria.  The estimation of antibacterial activity of the ripe fruit &amp;#x26; unripe fruit extract were carried out by serial two fold tube dilution techniques.  Minimum Bactericidal Concentration of the ripe as well as unripe fruit extracts for the...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3954/version/1

CD14 Modulates PI3K/AKT/p38-MAPK Licensing of Negative Regulators of TLR Signaling to Restrain Chronic Inflammation
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Bikash Sahay; Rebeca L. Patsey; Nicole Whatley; Sasmita Nayak; Christian H. Eggers; Justin D. Radolf; Timothy J. Sellati.
Current thinking emphasizes the primacy of CD14 in facilitating TLR recognition of microbes to initiate proinflammatory signaling events and the importance of p38-MAPK in augmenting such responses. Herein, this paradigm is challenged by demonstrating that recognition of _Borrelia burgdorferi_ not only triggers an inflammatory response in the absence of CD14, but one that is uncontrolled as a consequence of impaired PI3K/AKT/p38-MAPK signaling and negative regulation of TLR2. CD14 deficiency results in hyperphosphorylation of AKT and reduced activation of p38. Such aberrant signaling leads to decreased negative regulation by SOCS1, SOCS3, and CIS thereby engendering a more severe and persistent inflammatory response to _B. burgdorferi_. Perturbation of this...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2005/version/1

Reversal of an immunity associated plant cell death program by the growth regulator auxin
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Suresh Gopalan.
One form of plant immunity against pathogens involves a rapid host programmed cell death at the site of infection accompanied by resistance, termed the hypersensitive response (HR). Here it is shown that the HR programmed cell death program initiated by the bacterial type III secretion system dependent proteinaceous elicitor harpin from Erwinia amylovora can be reversed till very late in the process by the plant growth regulator auxin. Early inhibition or late reversal of this cell death program does not affect marker genes tightly correlated with local and systemic resistance. Cross-regulation between cell death programs and growth regulators is prevalent in different kingdoms. Thus, the concept that cell death program can be reversed till late provides a...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1347/version/1

Integrating microbial community data with ecological theory
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Steven D. Allison.
Background/Question/Methods&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Molecular and bioinformatics techniques are revealing the rich diversity of microbial communities. These approaches generate valuable data that ecologists could use to develop and test theories that apply to a large fraction of living organisms. However, the complexity of microbial community data is a challenge to achieving this integration. A fundamental question in microbial ecology is how to aggregate microbial communities so that their taxa may be represented in theoretical models. Recently, models based on microbial traits have been developed to tackle this question. Such models may represent microbial taxa as functional groups or stochastic assemblages with a distribution of trait values. Here, I define...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology; Earth &amp; Environment.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5511/version/1

CloVR-16S: Phylogenetic microbial community composition analysis based on 16S ribosomal RNA amplicon sequencing &amp;#x2013; standard operating procedure, version 1.0
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: James R. White; Cesar Arze; Malcolm Matalka; The CloVR Team; Owen White; Samuel V. Angiuoli; W. Florian Fricke.
The CloVR-16S pipeline employs several well-known phylogenetic tools and protocols for the analysis of 16S rRNA sequence datasets:&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;A) Mothur &amp;#x2013; a C++-based software package used for clustering 16S rRNA sequences into operational taxonomic units (OTUs). Mothur creates OTUs using a matrix that describes pairwise distances between representative aligned sequences and subsequently estimates within-sample diversity (alpha diversity);&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;B) The Ribosomal Database (RDP) nai&amp;#x308;ve Bayesian classifier assigns each 16S sequence to a reference taxonomy with associated empirical probabilities based on oligonucleotide frequencies;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;C) Qiime &amp;#x2013; a python-based workflow package,...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5888/version/3

KaPPA-View4: A Pathway Database for Gene Co-expression and Metabolite Co-accumulation Analysis
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Nozomu Sakurai.
Correlations of gene-to-gene co-expression and metabolite-to-metabolite co-accumulation are considered to be useful for uncovering unknown functions of genes and regulatory systems of the metabolic pathways. Although many databases and tools are available to interpret quantitative data of transcriptome and metabolome, there are only limited ones that connect correlation data to biological knowledge and can be utilized to find biological significance of it. We developed a new metabolic pathway database, KaPPA-View4 (&amp;#x22;http://kpv.kazusa.or.jp/kpv4/&amp;#x22;:http://kpv.kazusa.or.jp/kpv4/), that enables to overlay gene-to-gene and/or metabolite-to-metabolite relationships as quadratic Bez&amp;#xed;er curves on metabolic pathway maps. For up to 4 maps...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology; Bioinformatics; Data Standards.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5065/version/1

Immunogens and Antigen Processing: Report from a Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise Working Group
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: John Mascola; Richter C. King; Ralph  Steinman; the Working Group convened by the Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise.
The Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise convened a meeting of a Working Group in July 2009 to discuss recent progress in rational design of the components of an HIV vaccine, such as inserts, vectors and adjuvants,and in understanding antigen processing and presentation to T and B cells. This Report summarizes the key points of that discussion, and subsequent discussions with the Chairs of the other Enterprise Working Groups, the Enterprise Science Committee, the Enterprise Council and the broader scientific community during open sessions at scientific conferences.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4796/version/1

The Role of the Gut Microbiota in Ulcerative Colitis
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Vincent B. Young; Eugene B. Chang; Folker Meyer; Mitchell L. Sogin; Thomas M. Schmidt; James Tiedje.
The overall goal of our Demonstration Project is to address the hypothesis that the gut microbiota plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). To circumvent the confounding effects of mucosal inflammation and medications that independently bias microbial selection, we have set out to study a unique clinical model of ulcerative colitis (pouchitis) where the development and status of the gut microbiota can be assessed prospectively and relative to the outcome of disease. Pouchitis is an inflammatory condition of a surgically-created pseudorectum that is unique to ulcerative colitis and rarely occurs when this procedure is performed for treatment of other non-IBD diseases.  Since the incidence of developing pouchitis within...
Tipo: Marker Paper / Data Plan
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Bioinformatics; Data Standards.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5254/version/1

Allergies, Asthma, and Eczema: Response to Disturbance of the Microbiota of the Newborn Gut
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Debra L. Wohl; William J. Curry.
*Background/Question/Methods*&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;The birth of a child may include routine use of antibiotics or a delivery by cesarean section.  We applaud these medical advances for their direct benefits.  However, birthing practices have been shown to disrupt the colonization of the microbial gut in newborns, which may have long term consequences on the development of a child&amp;#x2019;s immune system resulting in atopies (i.e., asthma, allergies, and eczema).  Animal models and other research have been used to demonstrate that not only the presence, but also the community composition of the gut microbiota, is essential for normal immune development.  Furthermore, it has been established that there are differences in the intestinal microbiota of children...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3685/version/1

Young and Early Career Investigators: Report from a Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise Working Group
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Dan H. Barouch; Thumbi  Ndung&amp;#x2019;u; Galit  Alter; Timothy  Cardozo; Bhavna  Chohan; Jacques  Fellay; Nicole  Frahm; Jonathan Fuchs; Alasdair Leslie; Yong Liu; Penny  L. Moore; Raul  Rabadan.
The scientific challenges facing HIV-1 vaccine development are unprecedented in the history of vaccinology. As a result, investigators, funders, and other stakeholders generally agree that &amp;#x201c;game-changing&amp;#x201d; ideas are required. While innovation can certainly arise from investigators at all career stages, young and early-career investigators, defined as those under 40 years of age or within 10 years of their final degree or clinical training, are especially key contributors of novel and transformative ideas. Young and early-career investigators bring energy, enthusiasm, and fresh perspectives that are unbiased by prevailing dogma and that are essential to scientific progress.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4800/version/1

Critical Concentration Gradient Model of Bacterial Cell Division
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Aijaz A. Rashid; Perminder P. Sing.
Critical concentration gradient model is helpful in understanding the mechanism of Z-ring formation. The distribution of positive and negative regulators of Z-ring formation in cell is not random but well programmed. The positive and negative regulators in cell lead to a critical concentration gradient from mid cell to the poles. The critical concentration of FtsZ required for Z-ring assembly at the centre of cell is less than that at the poles. So FtsZ starts polymerizing at cell centre and afterwards by cooperative association of more and more monomers leads to the Z-ring formation. Simultaneously during Z-ring formation the recruitment of other accessory proteins takes place, leading to the formation of a stable divisome complex.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Microbiology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4659/version/1

Selfish and Altruistic Bacterial Populations Maximize Fitness Under Stress by Local Segregation
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Juan Keymer; Peter Galajda; Juliana Malinverni; Roberto Kolter; Guillaume Lambert; David Liao; Robert Austin.
Landscapes in ecology have a profound influence on the adaption and evolution of competing populations for resources. We are interested in how altruistic populations survive in the presence of selfish individuals in a non-stirred, closed and complex nutrient landscape. Well-stirred (landscape-free) but closed environments have a depressing future when selfish individuals arise in a population, a fate known as the tragedy of the Commons. Over-exploitation of a well-stirred communal habitat by selfish individuals which do not follow rules of communal self-regulation ends up in the elimination (extinction) of both the original altruistic inhabitants and the selfish population. In the context of bacterial population, the Commons tragedy that occurs is the...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1713/version/1

Quantitative Models for Efficient Cloning of Different Vectors with Various Clone sites
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Gang Zhang; Anurag Tandon.
We developed an efficient &amp;#x22;Combinatorial Strategy&amp;#x201d; for cloning different vectors with various clone sites. 1) Using originally existed clone sites from circular vectors to prepare the inserts, and if no appropriate sites are available, performing SDM to create compatible sites, to achieve maximal correct digestion of the inserts. 2) Different vectors were digested with various restriction endonucleases, and then dephosphorylated with CIP. 3) Top10 competent cells were used for transformation to increase the transformant colonies. Our results showed that, when blunt sites, or a Xba I site was adopted for ligation, the percentages of positive clones were about 50%. Whereas, when different sites, including one blunt and another Pst I...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology; Neuroscience.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6965/version/1

VO: Vaccine Ontology
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Yongqun He; Lindsay  Cowell; Alexander D. Diehl; Harry  Mobley; Bjoern Peters; Alan  Ruttenberg; Richard H. Scheuermann; Ryan  R. Brinkman; Melanie  Courtot; Chris  Mungall; Zuoshuang  Xiang; Fang Chen; Thomas Todd; Lesley  Colby; Howard  Rush; Trish  Whetzel; Mark A. Musen; Brian D. Athey; Gilbert  S. Omenn; Barry  Smith.
Vaccine research, as well as the development, testing, clinical trials, and commercial uses of vaccines involve complex processes with various biological data that include gene and protein expression, analysis of molecular and cellular interactions, study of tissue and whole body responses, and extensive epidemiological modeling. Although many data resources are available to meet different aspects of vaccine needs, it remains a challenge how we are to standardize vaccine annotation, integrate data about varied vaccine types and resources, and support advanced vaccine data analysis and inference. To address these problems, the community-based Vaccine Ontology (VO,...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Immunology; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3552/version/1

Genomic Replikin Counts of Infectious Salmon Anemia Virus (ISAV) in Canada Exceed the Counts in Lethal Outbreaks in Norway, Chile, and Scotland. Real-Time Tracking of the Evolution of the ISAV Genome and the Resultant Replikins Solid Phase ISAV Vaccine Make ISAV Pandemic Prevention Possible.
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Samuel Bogoch; Elenore S. Bogoch.
Genomic Replikin CountsTM  of Infectious Salmon Anemia Virus (ISAV) in Canada Exceed the Counts in Lethal Outbreaks in Norway, Chile, and Scotland. Real-Time Tracking of the Evolution of the ISAV Genome and the Resultant Replikins Solid Phase ISAV Vaccine Make ISAV Pandemic Prevention Possible.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6991/version/1

CloVR-16S: Phylogenetic microbial community composition analysis based on 16S ribosomal RNA amplicon sequencing &amp;#x2013; standard operating procedure, version1.0
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: James R. White; Cesar Arze; Malcolm Matalka; The CloVR Team; Samuel V. Angiuoli; W. Florian Fricke.
The CloVR-16S pipeline employs several well-known phylogenetic tools and protocols for the analysis of 16S rRNA sequence datasets:&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;A) Mothur [1] &amp;#x2013; a C++ - based software package used for clustering 16SrRNA sequences into operational taxonomic units (OTUs). Mothur creates OTUs using a matrix that describes pairwise distances between representative aligned sequences and subsequently estimates within-sample diversity (alpha diversity);&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;B)The Ribosomal Database (RDP) naive Bayesian classifier [2] assigns each 16S sequence to a reference taxonomy with associated empirical probabilities based on oligonucleotide frequencies;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;C) Qiime [3] &amp;#x2013; a python-based workflow package,...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5888/version/1

Quest for the descent of the Escherichia coli outbreak strain TY2482 &amp;#x2013; out of Germany?
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Tiruvayipati S. Avasthi; Narender Kumar; Ramani Baddam; Niyaz Ahmed.
The recent outbreak of the Escherichia coli infection in north Germany reportedly has killed 35 people and sickened about 4000. Infections were reported in 2001 and 2002 in Germany and Central Africa respectively. In order to dissect all possible connections among the three infection/outbreak strains and to extract the most virulent genes responsible for the augmented  pathogenicity of the present German strain (2011), whole genome sequence data of the two isolates (E. coli TY_2482 &amp;#x26; LB226692) were analyzed. We report that the German outbreak strain isolated in 2011 is a seasoned clone of the 2002 isolate sequenced from Central Africa (55989) and perhaps a direct descendent of the German EAEC strain reported in 2001 infection cases.
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6034/version/2

Extensive Viral mimicry of human proteins in AIDS, autoimmune disorders, late-onset and familial Alzheimer&amp;#x27;s disease and other genetic diseases
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Christopher J. Carter.
Peptide stretches within HIV-1 proteins display homology to over 50 components from all compartments of the human immune defence network. The homologous peptides are in most cases immunogenic, suggesting that antibodies to HIV-1 proteins could mount an autoimmune attack against multiple components of the immune system itself. HIV-1 proteins are also homologous to autoantigens in Alzheimer&amp;#x27;s disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, multiple sclerosis, Myasthenia Gravis, Pemphigus Vulgaris, Sjogrens syndrome and systemic Lupus Erythematosus, all of which have been associated with HIV-1 infection. This mimicry suggests that HIV-1/AIDS has a major autoimmune component and that HIV-1 antibodies could selectively target the immune system and...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology; Neuroscience.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4582/version/1

Keratinocytes from human skin respond as typical immune cells after the stimulation with _Trichophyton rubrum_
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Alfonso E. Islas-Rodr&amp;#xed;guez; Luz A. Garc&amp;#xed;a-Madrid.
_Trichophyton rubrum_ is the main agent causing dermatophytosis (1). Keratinocytes are&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;considered to be the first physical barrier of defense against pathogens (2). But not&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;only a physical barrier. They recognize antigens through Toll like receptors (TLR) (3).&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;The activation of this TLR, present on the surface of the keratinocytes, induce the&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;expression of different pro-inflammatory cytokines, co-stimulatory molecules and&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;antimicrobial peptides such as [beta]-defensins (4).&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;The main objective of this work is to determine if lipopolysaccharides of G &amp;#x2013; bacteria&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;(LPS), lipotheichoic acid from G+ bacteria (LTA), and conidias,...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/930/version/1

Transduction Pathways Regulating The Trophic effects of Saccharomyces boulardii in Rat small intestinal mucosa
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Jean-Paul Buts; Nadine De Keyser.
_S . boulardii_ is a probiotic yeast widely prescribed in a lyophilized form that determines in human and rat small intestine several effects including endoluminal secretion of enzymes and of polyamines, stimulation of microvillous enzymes, of sIgA ,increased production of the receptor for polymeric immunoglobulins by crypt cells, and enhanced D-glucose uptake.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Aim: The objective of this study was to determine the pathway(s) by which these effects generated by the yeast are transduced into the cell.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Methods: Litters of 6 growing Wistar rats each (30 days post partum) were treated with _S .boulardii_ (50[micro]g per g body wt) or with saline during 72 hours. For each animal, the cytosol was prepared from the whole mucosa...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3061/version/1

Bias in culture-independent assessments of microbial biodiversity in the global ocean
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Ben B. Temperton; Anna Oliver; Dawn Field; Bela Tiwari; Martin Muhling; Ian Joint; Jack Gilbert.
On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequencing, the SAR11 clade of marine bacteria has almost universal distribution, being detected as abundant sequences in all marine provinces. Yet SAR11 sequences are rarely detected in fosmid libraries, suggesting that the widespread abundance may be an artefact of PCR cloning and that SAR 11 has a relatively low abundance. Here the relative abundance of SAR11 is explored in both a fosmid library and a metagenomic sequence data set from the same biological community taken from fjord surface water from Bergen, Norway. Pyrosequenced data and 16S clone data confirmed an 11-15% relative abundance of SAR11 within the community. In contrast not a single SAR11 fosmid was identified in a pooled shotgun sequenced data set of 100...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2818/version/1

Type II Aerobic Methane Oxidizing Bacteria (AMOB) Drive Methane Oxidation in Pulsed Wetlands as Indicated by 13C-Phospholipid Fatty Acid Composition
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Taniya Roy Chowdhury; Richard Dick.
Methane (CH4) is a potent greenhouse gas and management strategies have been proposed to limit CH4 emissions from freshwater wetlands. The methanotrophic bacteria can intercept much of the CH4 produced by methanogenic archaea and thus management protocols for wetlands could conceivably include manipulations not only to limit the production of CH4 by methanogens, but also to enhance the consumption of CH4 by benthic or planktonic methanotrophs. The hydrological characteristic of a wetland is a major determinant of the CH4 emission rates. A major consideration for CH4 production is whether a wetland is static or flowing (wetlands connected to rivers and streams). Very little is known about the effects of hydrologic pulsing on wetland carbon dynamics and...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology; Earth &amp; Environment.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6291/version/1

Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 Cluster Analysis: A Preliminary Assessment
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Charles Wick; Michael Stanford; Rabih Jabbour; Samir Deshpande; Patrick McCubbin; Evan Skowronski; Alan Zulich.
Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus has been causing major concerns around the world because of its epidemic potential, rapid dissemination, rate of mutations, and the number of fatalities. One way to gain an advantage over this virus is to use existing rapid bioinformatics tools to examine easily and inexpensively generated genetic sequencing data. We have used the protein sequences deposited with the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) for data mining to study the relationship among the Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 proteins. There are 11 proteins in the Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus, and analysis of sequences from 65 different locations around the globe has resulted in two major clusters. These clusters illustrate the Pandemic H1N1 2009 virus is already...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3773/version/1

Microbiological Aspects and Immunity Response of Bacteria Causing Pulpitis
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Deepak Dwivedi; Sapna  Kushwah; Dr. Vinod Singh.
The oral cavity is a very widely distributed ecosystem in which several hundred microbial species normally cohabit harmoniously. Under special conditions some microorganisms with  potential are promoted, leading to inflammation &amp;#x26; infection by induced de-mineralization of dental enamel that normally constitutes an impermeable barrier that protects the underlying dentin and the connective tissue situated in the center of the tooth &amp;#x26; dental pulp such as pulpitis, dental caries, and periodontal infection. In inflammation of the dental pulpitis the immunity response against oral infection leads to infection and results in a high level of morbidity and economic burden to society.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5889/version/1

Role and immunomodulatory profile of histamine receptors by H1 and H2 antagonists
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Trivendra Tripathi; Mohd. Shahid; Mashiatullah Siddiqui; Rahat Khan.
The present study was designed to delineate the immunomodulatory role of histamine receptors (H1- and H2-) on induction of antibody response to sheep red blood cells (SRBC), as well as the antibody generation profile, in rabbit system, systemically. The rabbits in two groups received pheniramine (H1-receptor antagonist) and ranitidine (H2-receptor antagonist), respectively, via intramuscular route and were immunized with SRBC intravenously to evaluate suppression or enhancement of antibody responses in sem. A third, control group, received vehicle and were immunized in a similar manner. Histamine released from effector cells (mast cells and basophils) _in vivo_ during inflammatory reactions could influence a detectable antibody response to SRBC as early as...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Microbiology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1547/version/1

Modeling Three-Dimensional Spatial Regulation of Bacterial Cell Division (Dissertation)
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Satya N. V. Arjunan.
Many important cellular processes are regulated by reaction-diffusion (RD) of molecules that takes place both in the cytoplasm and on the membrane. To model and analyze such multicompartmental processes, we developed a lattice-based Monte Carlo method, Spatiocyte that supports RD in volume and surface compartments at single molecule resolution. Stochasticity in RD and the excluded volume effect brought by intracellular molecular crowding, both of which can significantly affect RD and thus, cellular processes, are also supported. We verified the method by comparing simulation results of diffusion, irreversible and reversible reactions with the predicted analytical and best available numerical solutions. Moreover, to directly compare the localization...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4201/version/1

Modulation of the Nuclear Transcription Factor of Activated T Cells by Duck Hepatitis B Virus
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Christine Loscher; Urte Matschl; Alicja Iwanski; Schau-Feng Chang; Michael Bruns.
During infection with hepadnaviruses besides the infectious agent a high number of subviral particles without nucleocapsids are produced, which are able to change the infection dramatically. In addition, it was observed that the activation of the nuclear factor of activated T cells, regulated usually in cells of the immune system, was strongly influenced after infection. When primary duck liver cells were infected with purified virions of duck hepatitis B virus the activation of this factor was reduced in a similar way as it was achieved by inhibition of calcineurin, a cellular phosphatase necessary to control the factor, whereas the addition of subviral particles inhibited this reduction. It was found that the large surface protein of the virus was...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3519/version/1

CloVR-Metagenomics: Functional and taxonomic microbial community characterization from metagenomic whole-genome shotgun (WGS) sequences &amp;#x2013; standard operating procedure, version 1.0
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: James R. White; Cesar Arze; Malcom Matalka; The CloVR Team; Owen White; Samuel V. Angiuoli; W. Florian Fricke.
The CloVR-Metagenomics pipeline employs several well-known tools and protocols for the analysis of metagenomic whole-genome shotgun (WGS) sequence datasets:&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;A) UCLUST &amp;#x2013; a C++-based software package for clustering redundant DNA sequences and removing artificial 454 replicates;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;B) BLASTX and BLASTN for functional and taxonomic assignment of sequences, respectively;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;C) Metastats and custom R scripts to generate additional statistical and graphical evaluation.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;The CloVR-Metagenomics pipeline accepts as input multiple fasta files (1 sample per file) and a corresponding tab-delimited metadata file that specifies features associated with the samples,...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5886/version/2

In-vitro Antifungal Activity of Some 1,3,5-triazine Derivatives
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Udaya Pratap Singh; Prashant Gahtori; Ramendra K. Singh.
A series of substituted phenylthiazolyl 1,3,5-triazine derivatives were screened for their _in-vitro_ antifungal activity (MIC and MFC) against four fungi viz. _Candida_ species (_C. albicans_ NCIM-3102, _C. glabrata_ NCIM-3266), _Cryptococcus neoformans_ NCIM-3542, and _Aspergillus niger_ NCIM-620 using modified broth microdilution method recommended by CLSI, with reference to  fluconazole and amphotericin B.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Microbiology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5751/version/1

Data Management Plan for Monogram BioSciences
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Christos J. Petropoulos.
This is the data plan for access to data underlying published reports by Monogram BioSciences.
Tipo: Marker Paper / Data Plan
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology; Data Standards.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5668/version/1

Day-length is central to maintaining consistent seasonal diversity in marine bacterioplankton
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Jack A. Gilbert; Paul Somerfield; Ben Temperton; Susan Huse; Ian Joint; Dawn Field.
Marine bacterial diversity is vast, but seasonal variation in diversity is poorly understood. Here we present the longest bacterial diversity time series consisting of monthly (72) samples from the western English Channel over a 6 year period (2003-2008) using 747,494 16SrDNA-V6 amplicon-pyrosequences. Although there were characteristic cycles for each phylum, the overall community cycle was remarkably stable year after year. The majority of taxa were not abundant, although on occasion these rare bacteria could dominate the assemblage. Bacterial diversity peaked at the winter solstice and showed remarkable synchronicity with day-length, which had the best explanatory power compared to a combination of other variables (including temperature and nutrient...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4406/version/1

The Oxidative Reaction of Potassium Permanganate with Mycolic Acids Leads to a Unique Diagnostic Pattern for Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Mohsen khatami.
In an oxidative reaction, potassium permanganate reacts with the mycolic acid component of _M.tuberculosis_ and gives rise to a unique saponified pattern specific for _M.tuberculosis_. This brown orange pattern makes it possible to identify _M.tuberculosis_ in a typical laboratory sample. The method avoids the complexity of other methods with special regard to save time and costs.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2365/version/1

Regulation of virulence in Francisella tularensis by small non-coding RNAs
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Guillaume Postic; Eric Frapy; Marion Dupuis; Iharilalao Dubail; Jonathan Livny; Alain Charbit; Karin L. Meibom.
Using a cDNA cloning and sequencing approach we have shown that Francisella tularensis expresses homologues of several small RNAs&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;(sRNAs) that are well-conserved among diverse bacteria. We have also discovered two abundant putative sRNAs that share no sequence similarity or conserved genomic context with any previously annotated regulatory transcripts. Deletion of either of these two loci led to significant changes in the expression of several mRNAs that likely include the cognate target(s) of these sRNAs. Deletion of these sRNAs did not, however, significantly alter F. tularensis growth under various stress conditions in vitro, its replication in murine cells, or its ability to induce disease in a mouse model of F. tularensis infection.
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5965/version/1

Preincision Processing of Cyclobutane Pyrimidine Dimers in Escherichia coli
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Sunirmal Paul; Mitsumasa Hashimoto; Opinder Bhanot; Yoke Kow; Moon-shong Tang.
In both prokaryotes and eukaryotes cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD) formed by UV-irradiation are repaired mainly by the nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway. Evidence has been presented that CPDs are repaired more rapidly and efficiently in vivo than when using purified NER components in vitro, and raises the possibility that CPD can be processed at the preincision stage before being removed by NER pathway. We investigated this hypothesis in E. coli cells and found that the phosphodiester bonds in CPDs are indeed incised (for the sake of simplicity we term this result as CPD*) in a time-dependent fashion in NER-proficient cells. This CPD preincision processing also occurs in NER-deficient uvrB- and uvrC-, but not in uvrA-mutant cells, and in...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1709/version/1

Novel protein antigen (JHP940) from the genomic plasticity region of Helicobacter pylori induces TNF-alpha and Interleukin- 8 secretion by human macrophages
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Niyaz Ahmed; Ayesha Alvi; Mohammed Rizwan.
Plasticity region of the H. pylori genome comprises strain specific gene loci. We performed genotyping and functional biology of one such locus (jhp940) that was previously found to be functionally unknown but present in gastric cancer associated strains from many different countries. We found its geographic prevalence to be independent of cagA presence and disease status. Cloning, expression and purification of the JHP940 revealed a novel, ~36kDa protein in biologically active form. The same induced strong and significant levels of TNF-alpha and Interleukin-8 in human macrophages. Induction of these cytokines by JHP940 points to its putative role in chronic gastric inflammation and various other outcomes of H. pylori infection including gastric cancer.
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/864/version/1

Comparison of histopathological&amp;#xb;features of Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor and&amp;#xb;O139 Bengal infections in rabbit intestinal mucosa
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Atif  A. Baig.
Vibrio cholerae is the causative agent of the infectious disease, cholera. The bacteria adhere to the mucosal membrane and release cholera toxin, leading to watery diarrhea. There are &amp;#x3e;100 serovars of V. cholerae, but the O1 and O139 serovars are the main causative agents of cholera. The present study aimed to compare the severity of intestinal mucosal infection caused by O1 El Tor and O139 V. cholerae in a rabbit ileal loop model.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;The results showed that although the fluid accumulation was similar in the loops inoculated with O1 and O139 V. cholerae, the presence of blood was detected only in the loops inoculated with the O139 serovar. Serosal hemorrhage was confirmed by histopathological examination and the loops inoculated with...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Microbiology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6418/version/1

Evaluation of Antimicrobial Studies of Traditional Medicine
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Ramar Perumal Samy; S. Ignacimuthu; Vincent  TK Chow.
Synthetic drugs, which are having serious side effects, are cytotoxic to human beings. Moreover, bacteria slowly become resistant against antibiotics. In order to overcome these problems, scientists are continuing to search for antibacterial and novel principles from plants. Zanthoxylum limonella has been popularly used in traditional systems of medicine for the treatment of dental caries, cardiac, respiratory diseases and stomach problems. The present study was therefore focused on finding out the medicinal properties of the bark of Z. limonella tested against some selected bacteria using disc-diffusion method at the concentration of 100, 200 and 300 mg/ml. The methanol and water extracts of the bark exhibited effective antibacterial activity against S....
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Pharmacology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6027/version/1

Strong violation of the competitive exclusion principle
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Lev V. Kalmykov; Vyacheslav L. Kalmykov.
Bacteria and plants are able to form population waves as a result of their consumer behaviour and propagation. A soliton-like interpenetration of colliding population waves was assumed but not proved earlier. Here we show how and why colliding population waves of trophically identical but fitness different species can interpenetrate through each other without delay. We have hypothesized and revealed here that the last mechanism provides a stable coexistence of two, three and four species, competing for the same limiting resource in the small homogeneous habitat under constant conditions and without any fitness trade-offs. We have explained the mystery of biodiversity mechanistically because (i) our models are bottom-up mechanistic, (ii) the revealed...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Ecology; Microbiology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6667/version/1

Pioneer Discovery of secondary gold deposits-unique bacterioforms andplacers in north Goa from deep coremetabiosphere
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Nandkumar M. Kamat.
Bacterioform secondary gold deposits were discovered in tilloid overlaying archaean base rock (metagraywacke) in Sanvordem rock formation, at the depth of 65 metres in north Goa , India and were confirmed optically as microbiogenic Gold. Multiple and unique forms were seen. This is claimed to be first report of bacterioform Gold in deep cores in Goa, India and Asia.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Ecology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Earth &amp; Environment; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5497/version/1

Microarray Analysis of PBMC after Plasmodium falciparum Infection: Molecular Insights into Disease Pathogenesis
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Wan-Chung(Wan-Jiung) Hu; Alan Scott; Nathan Wolfe; Sher Singh; Anne Jedlicka; August Louis Bourgeois.
Our laboratory&amp;#x2019;s previous microarray analysis of subjects with  Plasmodium falciparum revealed up-regulation of Toll-like receptor, NF-kB, TNF-&amp;#x3b1;, IFN-&amp;#x3b3;, IL-1&amp;#x3b2;, p38 MAPK, and MHC  molecules. We performed further time-course microarray analysis focusing on malaria pathogenesis by using peripheral leukocytes as a cellular model. We found up-regulation of coagulation-related genes (SERPINB2, thrombomodulin, thrombospondin), heat shock proteins, glycolytic enzymes, glucose transporters, and vacuolar H+-ATPases in acute febrile malaria. In early malaria, prior to detectable parasitemia, CD36 and ICAM1 were up-regulated. During acute malaria, a correlation was observed between IL-1&amp;#xdf; and  heat shock proteins,...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5929/version/1

Digital Image Analysis of Actinomycetes Colonies as a Potential Aid for Rapid Taxonomic Identification
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Sonashia Velho-Pereira; Nandkumar M. Kamat.
High frequency isolation of actinomycetes poses a challenge for the taxonomists hence simple and rapid identification methods are required. Our work to catalogue biodiversity of actinomycetes of Goa yielded several distinct morphotypes. After their tentative identification, the feasibility to distinguish these using digital image analyses (DIA) was explored. Digital images of wild colony morphotypes were processed using public domain SCION image analysis software. DIA revealed some intricate digital characters. A combination of these with standard morphological and microscopic characters could be potentially useful for preparing a digital identification key of the actinomycetes strains with potential application in rapid taxonomic identification.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4209/version/1

Proteins of the XMRV retrovirus implicated in chronic fatigue syndrome and prostate cancer are homologous to human proteins relevant to both diseases.
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Christopher Carter.
The XMRV retrovirus has been implicated in chronic fatigue syndrome and prostate cancer. A homology search comparing retroviral with human proteins revealed short contiguous amino acid strings (typically 5-8 aa) matching human proteins whose dysfunction might be expected to cause fatigue, including mitochondrial proteins related to oxidative phosphorylation, glutamate receptors and their synaptic scaffolds, muscular acetylcholine receptor scaffolds and structural proteins, components of the immune system, and phosphatidylinositol signalling inter alia. Viral proteins are also homologous to members of the oestrogen, peroxisome proliferator, and CREB activated receptor networks, all of which are implicated in prostate cancer, and to a protein, SRCAP, that...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Immunology; Microbiology; Neuroscience.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4669/version/1

2011 German Escherichia coli outbreak: Prophage analysis of close-assembled TY2482 against 55989 using PHAST
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Man Kit Cheung; Lei LI; Wenyan Nong; Hoi Shan Kwan.
Using the Hiseq data of the German E. coli outbreak isolate TY2482, preliminary prophage analyses have been performed by some researchers previously. With the closed assembly of the same isolate being available, another round of analysis might help in resolving questions that remain unclear due to the incompleteness of the dataset.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6110/version/1

Ecological, phenological and biochemical significance of bimodal fruiting of Boletus alutaceus morgan
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Nandkumar Kamat.
Boletus alutaceus Morgan an ectomycorrhizal species was extensively studied from an ecologically fragmented microhabitt colonized by its&amp;#x27; host plant Ficus benghalensis L. in the Goa University campus, Taleigao, Goa, India. Qualitatively the fruiting cycles were monitored for three years and thereafter detail ecological and morphological investigations were carried out in May and November 2004. A bimodal temporal fruting pattern emerged which may have significant ecological, phenological and biochemical role in EM dynamics.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Developmental Biology; Ecology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2835/version/1

Reservoir of Bacterial Exotoxin Genes in the Environment
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Veronica Casas; Joseph Magbanua; Gerico  Sobrepe&amp;#xf1;a; Stanley Maloy.
This is the first report of an environmental reservoir of a bacterial exotoxin gene harbored in an atypical host in the environment. Screening bacterial isolates from the environment via sea-specific PCR identified an isolate with a DNA sequence  &amp;#x3e;95% identical to the Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin A gene (_sea_). 16S DNA sequence comparisons identified the environmental isolate as a Pseusodomonad. Laboratory studies confirmed that this Pseudomonad is psychrophilic. The results indicate that the _sea_ gene is present in an alternative bacterial host, providing the first evidence for an environmental reservoir of exotoxin genes in bacteria. Transfer of these genes between phage and alternative bacterial hosts may promote the evolution of novel...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2065/version/1

Effects of Cations and PH on Antimicrobial Activity of Thanatin and s-Thanatin against _Escherichia coli_ ATCC25922 and _B. subtilis_ ATCC 21332
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Guoqiu Wu; Jiaxuan Ding; Hui Li; Linxian Li; Rui Zhao; Xiaobo Fan; Zilong Shen.
Thanatin and s-thanatin were insect antimicrobial peptides which have shown potent antimicrobial activities on a variety of microbes. In order to investigate the effect of cations and pH on the activity of these peptides against Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-positive bacteria, the antimicrobial activities of both peptides were studied in increasing concentrations of monovalent cations (K^+^ and Na^+^), divalent cations (Ca^2+^ and Mg^2+^) and H^+^. The NCCLS broth microdilution method showed that both peptides were sensitive to the presence of cations. The divalent cations showed more antagonized effect on the activity against Gram-negative bacteria than the monovalent cations, since the two peptides lost the ability to inhibit bacterial growth at a very...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2006/version/1

Identification and Evolution of Transcription Factors in Stramenopiles
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Francisco Buitrago; Silvia Restrepo; Diego Ria&amp;#xf1;o-Pach&amp;#xf3;n.
Transcription factors (TFs) regulate spatial and temporal gene expression by binding to DNA and either activating or repressing the action of RNA polymerases; in addition to TFs, other transcriptional regulators (TRs) participate in transcriptional modulation. With the availability of genome sequences for several organisms and computational strategies for gene functional annotation, the entire set of TFs and TRs can be identified, described, and compared between species and lineages. The diversity among Stramenopiles is striking; they range from large multicellular seaweeds to tiny unicellular species, they are present in freshwater, marine and terrestrial habitats and embrace many ecologically important algal (e.g. diatoms, brown algae, chrysophytes), and...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6672/version/1

Examining methanogens in northern peatlands: Potential role of ecological and latitudinal trends
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Hinsby Cadillo-Quiroz.
Background/Question/Methods&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Peatlands are a type of wetlands where accumulation of organic matter exceeds its decomposition. They are primarily distributed in northern latitudes and store more carbon than any other terrestrial ecosystem (~455 Pg). Methane (CH4) production is one of the most important microbially-driven processes relevant to the global influence of peatlands in carbon cycling and atmospheric change. Multiple factors have been found to affect CH4 production in peatlands. However, little is known about the Archaea performing this process. Geochemical, molecular, culturing and genomics techniques have allowed us to pursue questions about the diversity, abundance, distribution, and adaptations of methanoarchaea inhabiting...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology; Earth &amp; Environment.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5507/version/1

Bioinformatics analysis of homologies between pathogen antigens, autoantigens and the CFTR cystic fibrosis protein: A role for immunoadsorption therapy?
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Christopher Carter.
The cystic fibrosis CFTR chloride channel is involved in pathogen entry into epithelial cells, and provides the glutathione and hypochlorous acid necessary for bactericidal and viricidal actions. CFTR mutations block these effects, diminishing pathogen defence and allowing pathogen accumulation in the extracellular space, where antibody encounter is likely. The pathogen antigens observed in cystic fibrosis (including P. Aeruginosa, S.Aureus and S.Maltophilia proteins) are homologous to the autoantigens reported in cystic fibrosis and all are homologous to the CFTR protein itself. Antibodies to pathogens and autoantigens may also target the CFTR protein, acting as antagonists, further compromising its function. The tripartite relationship between pathogen...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5352/version/1

In vitro synergistic anti-prion effect of cholesterol ester modulators
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Christina Doriana Orr&amp;#xf9;; Maria Dolores  Cannas; Sarah Vascellari; Fabrizio Angius; Pier Luigi  Cocco; Claudia Norfo; Antonella Mandas; Paolo La Colla; Sandra Dess&amp;#xec;; Alessandra Pani.
Background. Our studies on the role of cholesterol in prion infection/replication showed that brains and peripheral cells of sheep susceptible to or suffering from Scrapie were characterized by an altered cholesterol homeostasis compared to animals with a scrapie-resistant genotype, and that drugs influencing cholesterol esterification were endowed with selective anti-prion activity in N2a cell lines infected with the 22L and RML prion strains. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Results. In prion-infected N2a cell lines we now report increased anti-prion activity of dual-drug combinations consisting of cholesterol ester modulators associated with prion inhibitors Synergism was obtained with the cholesterol ester modulators everolimus, pioglitazone, progesterone, and...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Neuroscience; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3883/version/1

Endogenous Viral Etiology of Prion Diseases
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Claudiu I. Bandea.
Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), or prion diseases, are a group of incurable neurodegenerative disorders, including Kuru and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in humans, &amp;#x201c;mad cow&amp;#x201d; disease in cattle, and scrapie in sheep. This paper presents structural, genetic, and evolutionary evidence supporting an endogenous TSE virus model that integrates the three major traditional views on the nature of TSE pathogens, the conventional virus view, the prion hypothesis, and the virino concept, into a novel conceptual and evolutionary framework. According to this model, the TSE pathogens are symbiotic endogenous viruses that inadvertently produce transmissible viral particles that lack the viral genome and are composed primarily of the...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Neuroscience; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3887/version/1

Rescue with an anti-inflammatory peptide of chickens infected H5N1 avian flu
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Masaki M. Imai; Alan A. Okada; Hidechika H. Okada; Ekowati E. Handharyani; Yasuhiro Tsukamoto; Kazuhide K. Adachi; Noriko N. Okada; Retno Damajanti R. D. Soejoedono.
Chickens suffering from avian flu caused by H5N1 influenza virus are destined to die within 2 days due to a systemic inflammatory response. Since HVJ infection (1,2) and influenza virus infection (3,4) cause infected cells to activate homologous serum complement, the systemic inflammatory response elicited could be attributed to the unlimited generation of C5a anaphylatoxin of the complement system, which is a causative peptide of serious inflammation. In monkeys inoculated with a lethal dose of LPS (4 mg/kg body weight), inhibition of C5a by an inhibitory peptide termed AcPepA (5) rescued these animals from serious septic shock which would have resulted in death within a day (6). Therefore, we tested whether AcPepA could also have a beneficial effect on...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Microbiology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3425/version/1

Single gene-based distinction of individual microbial genomes from a mixed population of microbial cells
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Manu Tamminen; Marko Virta.
Background: Recent progress in environmental microbiology has revealed vast populations of microbes in any given habitat that cannot be detected by conventional culturing strategies. The use of sensitive genetic detection methods such as CARD-FISH and in situ PCR have been limited by the cell wall permeabilization requirement that cannot be performed similarly on all cell types without lysing some and leaving some unpermeabilized. Furthermore, the detection of low copy targets such as genes present in single copies in the microbial genomes, has remained problematic.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Methodology/Principal Findings: We describe an emulsion-based procedure to trap individual microbial cells into picoliter-volume polyacrylamide droplets that...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4761/version/1

Changes in enzyme activities and in the functional diversity of actinomycetes due to long term agricultural management
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Jessica L. M. Gutknecht; Elke Schulz; Venukumar Vemula; Jana Schmidt; Gabi Henning; Jackie Rose; Yvonne Eckstein; Mika Tarkka.
Long-term agricultural management alters soil organic matter, nutrient status, and potentially the decomposer community. We measured the abundance and activity of cellulose, chitin, and protease degrading bacteria, and total soil extra-cellular enzyme activity for cellulose (&amp;#x3b2;-glucosidase), chitinase (N-acetyl-glucosaminidase), xylosidase, and phosphatase activity. By combining these methods, we could determine how bacterial decomposer abundance and function were altered by long-term management, and how the bacterial decomposer community relates to overall soil enzyme activity. We also measured microbial total fungal and bacterial biomass, soil organic carbon pools, and extractable nitrogen for supplementary comparisons. Soil samples were taken...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology; Earth &amp; Environment.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6792/version/1

Study of Molecular Mechanism of Antibiotic susceptibility against Polymicrobial Oral infection
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Deepak Dwivedi.
Abstract&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Introduction- Antibiotic to treat dental caries infection are routinely prescribed. Bacteria have increased resistance to the currently recommended antibiotics. The purpose of this investigation was to perform antibiotic susceptibility on a panel pathogenic strain of bacteria isolated step by step from dental caries infection. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Materials and Methods-Bacteria were isolated from caries site of patients and cultivated identified at the species level. Each of 150 species of bacteria was tested for antibiotics susceptibility to a five antibiotics using Etest. Antibiotic used were Amoxicillin, Cloxocillin, Erythromycin, Tetracycline, Penicillin-V.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Results- The percentages of Resistance...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5291/version/1

16S rRNA based identification of _Aeromonas sp. kumar_ by constructing phylogenetic tree and identification of regulatory elements from the harmful Red Tide bloom, Gulf of Mannar
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: P. Kumar; C. M. Ramakritinan; A. K. Kumaraguru.
A bacterial strain, designated _Aeromonas sp. kumar_, was isolated from a water sample collected from Red tide Bloom occurred in the region of Gulf of Mannar region, Puthumadam Coast, India and the strain was identified using 16S rRNA based identification. During the sample collection, microbiology analysis was done to study the morphology of the bacteria. Pure culture of strain was maintained through out the study. DNA was isolated and sequenced using 16S rRNA primers. A length of 1452 nucleotide was sequenced and was put in public data base for obtaining accession number. The sequence was studied using MEGA 4, to estimate the evolutionary distances and to construct the Phylogenetic tree. Along with that Regulatory elements and Transcription factors were...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3898/version/1

Exploring hidden dimensions of soil fungal biodiversity: A simple technique to detect soil fungi resistant to antifungal compounds
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Sonashia Velho-Pereira; Nandkumar M. Kamat.
Soils are known to be ultimate and complex reservoirs of microbial diversity. The complex dimensions of bacterial and fungal diversity in tropical soils and microbial community dynamics are underexplored. Isolation techniques aimed at Actinomycetes generally employ highly selective media, powerful antibiotics and antifungal compounds to suppress undesirable bacteria and fungi. However some soil fungi may show their resistance towards these antifungal compounds. During our work to explore soil actinomycetes diversity, slides coated with Arginine Vitamin agar  (AVA) incorporating a cocktail of antibiotics and antifungal compounds such as Nystatin, Cycloheximide, Terbinafin, Griseofulvin, and Fluconazole were exposed to soil environment and were retrieved  at...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Microbiology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4208/version/1

Novel approaches, including systems biology, to HIV vaccine research and development: Report from a Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise Working Group
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Bali  Pulendran; Rino Rappuoli; Alan Aderem; the Working Group convened by the Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise.
The Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise convened a two-day workshop on August 10-11 2009, at the Fred Hutchison Cancer Research Center offices in Seattle, WA, to discuss the application of novel approaches,including systems biology, to HIV vaccine research and development. The goals of this Working Group were to identify key scientific issues and opportunities that have emerged since the Enterprise Scientific Strategic Plan1 was published in 2005, and to make recommendations to Enterprise stakeholders.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Immunology; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4798/version/1

Differential expression analysis for sequence count data
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Simon Anders; Wolfgang Huber.
*Motivation:* High-throughput nucleotide sequencing provides quantitative readouts in assays for RNA expression (RNA-Seq), protein-DNA binding (ChIP-Seq) or cell counting (barcode sequencing). Statistical inference of differential signal in such data requires estimation of their variability throughout the dynamic range. When the number of replicates is small, error modelling is needed to achieve statistical power.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;*Results:* We propose an error model that uses the negative binomial distribution, with variance and mean linked by local regression, to model the null distribution of the count data. The method controls type-I error and provides good detection power. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;*Availability:* A free...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4282/version/2

Study of Molecular Mechanism of Antibiotic susceptibility against Polymicrobial Oral infection
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Deepak Dwivedi.
Abstract&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Introduction- Antibiotic to treat dental caries infection are routinely prescribed. Bacteria have increased resistance to the currently recommended antibiotics. The purpose of this investigation was to perform antibiotic susceptibility on a panel pathogenic strain of bacteria isolated step by step from dental caries infection. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Materials and Methods-Bacteria were isolated from caries site of patients and cultivated identified at the species level. Each of 150 species of bacteria was tested for antibiotics susceptibility to a five antibiotics using Etest. Antibiotic used were Amoxicillin, Cloxocillin, Erythromycin, Tetracycline, Penicillin-V.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Results- The percentages of Resistance...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5291/version/2

Controlling sap-sucking insect pests with recombinant endophytes expressing plant lectin
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Xiuyun Zhao; Gaofu Qi; Xianfang Zhang; Nan Lan; Xinrong Ma.
We developed a novel pest management strategy, which uses endophytes to express anti-pest plant lectins. Fungal endophyte of Chaetomium globosum YY-11 with anti-fungi activities was isolated from rape seedlings, and bacterial endophytes of SJ-10 (Enterobacter sp.) and WB (Bacillus subtilis) were isolated from rice seedlings. Pinellia ternate agglutinin gene was cloned into SJ-10 and WB for expression by a shuttle vector, and YY-11 was mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Positive transformants were evaluated using PCR and Western blot assay. Recombinant endophytes colonized most of crops, and resistance of rice seedlings, which were inoculated with the recombinant endophytic bacteria, to white backed planthoppers was dramatically enhanced by decreasing...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Microbiology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4862/version/1

Immunogens and Antigen Processing: Report from a Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise Working Group
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: John Mascola; Richter C. King; Ralph  Steinman; the Working Group convened by the Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise.
The Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise convened a meeting of a Working Group in July 2009 to discuss recent progress in rational design of the components of an HIV vaccine, such as inserts, vectors and adjuvants,and in understanding antigen processing and presentation to T and B cells. This Report summarizes the key points of that discussion, and subsequent discussions with the Chairs of the other Enterprise Working Groups, the Enterprise Science Committee, the Enterprise Council and the broader scientific community during open sessions at scientific conferences.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4796/version/2

Evaluation of the cutaneous microbiome in psoriasis
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Martin  J. Blaser; Barbara Methe; Bruce  Strober; Guillermo I. Perez Perez; Stuart Brown; Alexander  Alekseyenko.
Psoriasis, a highly prevalent disease of humans of unknown cause, is a chronic inflammatory disorder primarily involving skin, with distinctive clinical characteristics. With the newly developed tools that facilitate microbiome research, it now is possible to assess whether the cutaneous microbiome plays a role in the pathogenesis of this disorder. Preliminary data from our studies suggest that the cutaneous microbiome in psoriasis is complex and possibly different from normal. To deal with this complexity, we propose to examine the cutaneous microbiome in relation to psoriasis with explorations at several taxonomic and informatic levels. Our overall objective is to examine how changes in the normal cutaneous microbiome contributes to the pathogenesis of...
Tipo: Marker Paper / Data Plan
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Bioinformatics; Data Standards.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5276/version/1

Description of variation of genlculate&amp;#x27;s features of _Phyllodiaptomustunguidus_ shen et Tai and sex-linked inheritance of Calanoida in freshwater
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Sheng-Xing Long; Xiao-Ming Gou; Pin-Hua Xia; Qi-Fei Ren; San Wan; Chuan Chen.
In the present paper, variation of genlculate&amp;#x27;s features of _Phyllodiaptomustunguidus_ shen et Tai of Calanoida are described.The authors find that the right first antenna of female species has changed into genlculate and first antenna of male species changed into genlculate, which can be explained by X-sex-linked inheritance. This isn&amp;#x27;t a disease but a genetic characteristic that is better for the living of the species.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3003/version/1

Microfouling of Manganese-oxidizing microorganisms in Rameswaram Coastal Waters.
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Hari Muraleedharan; V Kalaigandhi; E Kannapiran.
Manganese oxidizing marine microorganisms was studied from the coupons of PVC, Titanium, Brass, Copper and Stainless Steel were immersed one meter below water surface, using wooden rafts. The metal coupons, Brass, Titanium and Brass were exposed for a period of six months (October 2005 to March 2006). The PVC and SS were suspended in the sea for two months (February and March 2006). Sea water samples were also collected from the study area using water sampler to estimate the physiochemical and nutrients were analyzed. The population of HB and MHB on PVC was registered as 3.62 x 107 CFU/cm2 and 2.87 x 107 CFU/cm2, respectively while on Stainless Steel the population density of HB and MHB was recorded as 3.79 x 105 CFU/cm2 and 1.34 x 105 CFU/cm2. The PVC and...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3777/version/1

Can bacteria adapt to starvation-free environment?
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Kei Kitahara.
Bacteria will experience starvation-free environment if infinite nutrition is supplied continuously for a long period. In this study, an evolutionary experiment was performed for 118 days where bacteria adapted to starvation-free environment and reduced their doubling time. It is anticipated that this finding will help to select bacterial strains that can grow more rapidly in rich media.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7017/version/1

Bridging the Gaps between Fundamental, Preclinical and Clinical Research: Report from a Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise Working Group
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Lawrence  Corey; Brigitte  Autran; Louis  Picker; the Working Group convened by the Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise.
The Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise (the Enterprise) convened a two-day workshop on 17-18 September 2009, at the Enterprise offices in New York; to discuss approaches to bridging the gaps between fundamental,preclinical and clinical HIV vaccine research. The topic of this Working Group originated from discussions of the Enterprise Science Committee,which proposed that more effective collaboration between these three areas of HIV vaccine research is needed in order to accelerate the pace of scientific progress in the field. Because the meeting took place before the release of the RV144 trial results held in Thailand, the conclusions reached during the meeting were further discussed during consultations at scientific conferences and at a joint meeting of the...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4799/version/2

Diamagnetic levitation enhances growth of liquid bacterial cultures by increasing oxygen availability
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Camelia E. Dijkstra; Oliver J. Larkin; Paul Anthony; Michael R. Davey; Laurence Eaves; Catherine E. D. Rees; Richard J. A. Hill.
Diamagnetic levitation is a technique that uses a strong, spatially-varying magnetic field to reproduce aspects of weightlessness, on the Earth. We used a superconducting magnet to levitate growing bacterial cultures for up to 18 hours, to determine the effect of diamagnetic levitation on all phases of the bacterial growth cycle. We find that diamagnetic levitation increases the rate of population growth in a liquid culture and reduces the sedimentation rate of the cells. Further experiments and microarray gene analysis show that the increase in growth rate is due to enhanced oxygen availability. We also demonstrate that the magnetic field that levitates the cells also induces convective stirring in the liquid. We present a simple theoretical model,...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4216/version/2

Jellyfish as vectors of bacterial disease for farmed fish.
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Hugh W. Ferguson; Christian M. J. Delannoy; James Nicolson; David Sutherland; Margaret Crumlish; Steven Hay.
Gill diseases are common, especially in intensively reared fish; they result in respiratory distress, as well as impaired osmoregulation and excretion (1). Bacteria and parasites are common causes of gill disease, as is poor water quality, including planktonic blooms. Swarms or blooms of jellyfish are increasingly and especially problematical (2), and can result in high mortality of farmed fish. Small species of jellyfish such as Philalella quadrata (13 mm diameter) are capable of passing through the mesh of sea-cages and of being sucked into the mouth of fish during respiration. Here we show that the initial damage to gills of farmed Atlantic salmon, likely produced by nematocyst-derived toxins from the jellyfish, was compounded by secondary bacterial...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Earth &amp; Environment.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3631/version/1

Skin Microbiome in Disease States: Atopic Dermatitis and Immunodeficiency
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Julia Segre; Heidi Kong.
The Human Microbiome Project seeks to explore the diversity of microbiota that resides in and on the human body, including the skin, in health and disease. The NIH Intramural Skin Microbiome Consortium (NISMC) is a trans-disciplinary group of experts engaged in the practice of genomics, bioinformatics, large-scale DNA sequencing, dermatology, immunology, allergy, infectious disease, and clinical microbiology. Atopic dermatitis (AD, &amp;#x201c;eczema&amp;#x201d;) is a chronic relapsing skin disorder that affects ~15% of U.S. children and is associated with $1 billion of medical costs annually. AD is characterized by dry, itchy skin, infiltrated with immune cells. Colonization by _Staphylococcus aureus_ (_S. aureus_) is ten-fold more common in AD  patients...
Tipo: Marker Paper / Data Plan
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Data Standards.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5019/version/1

CloVR-16S: Phylogenetic microbial community composition analysis based on 16S ribosomal RNA amplicon sequencing &amp;#x2013; standard operating procedure, version 1.0
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: James R. White; Cesar Arze; Malcolm Matalka; The CloVR Team; Owen White; Samuel V. Angiuoli; W. Florian Fricke.
The CloVR-16S pipeline employs several well-known phylogenetic tools and protocols for the analysis of 16S rRNA sequence datasets:&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;A) Mothur &amp;#x2013; a C++-based software package used for clustering 16S rRNA sequences into operational taxonomic units (OTUs). Mothur creates OTUs using a matrix that describes pairwise distances between representative aligned sequences and subsequently estimates within-sample diversity (alpha diversity);&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;B) The Ribosomal Database (RDP) nai&amp;#x308;ve Bayesian classifier assigns each 16S sequence to a reference taxonomy with associated empirical probabilities based on oligonucleotide frequencies;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;C) Qiime &amp;#x2013; a python-based workflow package,...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5888/version/2

Herd Immunity/Herd Infection: Cultural Artifacts of Marginalization and the Dynamics of AIDS
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Rodrick Wallace.
We examine conditions under which high prevalence of infectious disease can become endemic within a community, in effect constituting a state of &amp;#x27;herd infection&amp;#x27; inverse to epidemiological herd immunity. For something like AIDS, under such circumstances, a single behavioral lapse or adverse accident will probably be a death sentence.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Microbiology; Pharmacology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5864/version/1

Detection of genetic diversity among Indian strains of _Xanthomonas campestris_ pv. _mangiferaeindicae_ using PCR-RAPD
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Ram Kishun; Vijai Kumar Gupta.
The randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique was used to investigate the genetic diversity in 6 strains of _Xanthomonas campestris_ pv. _mangiferaeindicae_ (_Xcmi_), the causal pathogen of mango bacterial canker disease (MBCD). The RAPD analysis was also intended to identify molecular markers, specific to the species to develop PCR-based markers for detection of _Xcmi_ in mango field and planting materials. Twenty RAPD primers (CP 1-CP 20) were evaluated to establish molecular characters and genetic variability in the genome of _Xcmi_. Among these, only 4 were found efficient for development of reproducible banding pattern. It has been observed that the largest and smallest amplified RAPD products were of 2.036 and 0.201 kbp. A total of 136...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2403/version/1

Biocommunication of Fungal Organisms
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Guenther Witzany.
The development and growth of fungal organisms depend on successful communication processes (a) within the organism and between organisms, (b) with the same or related species and (c) with non-related organisms. In order to generate an appropriate response behaviour, fungal organisms must also be able to (d) correctly interpret meaningful information from the abiotic environment. However, these communication and interpretation processes can also fail. In such cases the overall results can induce disease-causing and even lethal consequences for the organism. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#x9;This review will not enrich the knowledge of specialists in fungal research, but will demonstrate to a broader readership the different levels of fungal...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1883/version/1

Clonal origin of Epstein-Barr virus-infected T/NK-cell subpopulations in chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Shouichi Ohga; Masataka Ishimura; Goichi Toshimoto; Toshihiro Miyamoto; Hidetoshi Takada; Tamami Tanaka; Koichi  Ohshima; Ken-Ichi Imadome; Yasunobu Abe; Koichi Akashi; Toshiro Hara.
Clonal expansion of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infected B-cells occasionally occurs in immunocompromized subjects. EBV-infected T/natural killer (NK)-cells proliferate in patients with chronic active EBV infection (CAEBV) that is a rare mononucleosis syndrome. It is classified into either T-cell type or NK-cell type according to the primary target of infection, while the pathogenesis remains unclear. To search the clonal origin of EBV-infected T/NK-cells, virus distribution and clonotype were assessed by using highly purified cell fractions obtained from 6 patients. Patient 1 had a monoclonal proliferation of EBV-infected T-cell receptor V&amp;#x3b4;2/V&amp;#x3b3;9-expressing cells, and carried lower copy number of EBV in &amp;#x3b1;&amp;#x3b2;T-cells....
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4238/version/1

A new outlook towards kidney injuries
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Mahesh Satwekar; Abhijeet Satwekar.
Acute and chronic progression of injury to the kidney leads to the failure of the renal system and has become an increasingly important cause of morbidity and mortality. Present diagnosis detects the condition only after irreversible loss of 70 percent of kidney function. Current research is focused only on the clinical manifestations after the kidney injuries and not towards the exact cause of the condition. Here we propose a new outlook- that there is an involvement of a pathogen in the pathogenesis of kidney injuries. Basis for our proposal is given by the similarity of the pathogenesis events occurring between a classical example of hepatitis and kidney injuries. Furthermore, literature regarding the role of early kidney injury biomarkers in innate...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Immunology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7021/version/1

Responses of soil nitrite-oxidizers to global environmental changes
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Audrey Niboyet; El&amp;#xe9;onore Attard; Laure Barthes; Christopher  B. Field; Nadine Guillaumaud; Bruce A. Hungate; Paul W. Leadley; Catherine Lerondelle; Thomas Pommier; Maria Tourna; Akihiko Terada; Franck Poly; Xavier Le Roux.
Background/Question/Methods&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;There is increasing evidence that global change can alter the structure of plant&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;communities with large impacts on the functioning of terrestrial ecosystems. However, little is known about the impact of global change on soil microbial communities. In particular, the response of soil nitrite-oxidizers microorganisms that mediate the second step of nitrification, a key process of the nitrogen cycle, has never been investigated.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Here, we examined the effects of four main global environmental changes on the activity, the abundance and the diversity of soil nitrite-oxidizers in an annual grassland ecosystem as part of the Jasper Ridge Global Change Experiment (CA, USA). This...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology; Earth &amp; Environment.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5509/version/1

The Vaginal Microbiome: Disease, Genetics and the Environment
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Jennifer M. Fettweis; Joao P. Alves; Joseph F. Borzelleca; James  P. Brooks; Christopher J. Friedline; Yuan Gao; Xi Gao; Philippe Girerd; Michael  D. Harwich; Stephanie L. Hendricks; Kimberly K. Jefferson; Vladimir Lee; Huan Mo; Michael C. Neale; Federico A. Puma; Mark A. Reimers; Maria C. Rivera; Seth B. Roberts; Myrna G. Serrano; Nihar Sheth; Judy L. Silberg; Logan Voegtly; Elizabeth C. Prom-Wormley; Bin Xie; Timothy  P. York; Cynthia N. Cornelissen; Jerome F. Strauss III; Lindon J. Eaves; Gregory A. Buck.
The vagina is an interactive interface between the host and the environment. Its surface is covered by a protective epithelium colonized by bacteria and other microorganisms. The ectocervix is nonsterile, whereas the endocervix and the upper genital tract are assumed to be sterile in healthy women. Therefore, the cervix serves a pivotal role as a gatekeeper to protect the upper genital tract from microbial invasion and subsequent reproductive pathology. Microorganisms that cross this barrier can cause preterm labor, pelvic inflammatory disease, and other gynecologic and reproductive disorders. Homeostasis of the microbiome in the vagina and ectocervix plays a paramount role in reproductive health. Depending on its composition, the microbiome may protect...
Tipo: Marker Paper / Data Plan
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology; Data Standards.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5150/version/2

Molecular-genetic analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains spread in different patient groups in St.Petersburg (Russia)
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Ekaterina Chernyaeva; Pavel Dobrynin; Natalia Pestova; Natalia Matveeva; Vladimir Zhemkov; Andrei Kozlov.
Molecular epidemiological features of M.tuberculosis strains spread among different patient groups in Russia is not studied well. The aim of our study was to compare genotypes of M.tuberculosis strains circulating among TB patients from different groups: homeless, HIV-infected, prisoners and general population of St.Petersburg citizens. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;One hundred fifty M.tuberculosis complex isolates from different TB patient groups were studied using spoligotyping method. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;The majority of studied M.tuberculosis isolates in all groups belonged to Beijing family (56% among homeless; 77% among HIV-infected; 60% among general population; 83% among prisoners). There were no significant difference in Beijing family prevalence among homeless...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6073/version/1

Antimicrobial activity of skin secretions isolated from Indian toad, Bufo melanostictus Schneider 1799
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Abhishek Dinkarnath Garg; Dattatrey V. Kanitkar; Rajshekhar V. Hippargi; Amit N. Gandhare.
Amphibians like toads have been known to secrete antimicrobial secretions outside their body into their environments, through skin pores and parotid glands. Toad skin-secretions contain four types of compounds namely, biogenic amines, bufadienolides, alkaloids &amp;#x26; steroids and peptides &amp;#x26; proteins. Bulk of research relating to amphibian antimicrobial secretions has been done on frogs. In toads, such research has only been done in South America, Europe and China. Antimicrobial secretions vary considerably from specie-to-specie and drastically across various biomes. This prompted us to examine and confirm presence of antimicrobial activity (if any) in Indian Common Toad (Bufo melanostictus Schneider 1799) skin secretions since; no such...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1204/version/1

Integrated disease management using environmental control in tea fields
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Tsuyoshi Tomihama; Nonaka Toshiyuki; Nishi Yatsuka; Arai Kei.
The occurrence of plant disease depends on interactions between the host plant, a pathogen, and the environment in a dynamic called &amp;#x22;the disease triangle&amp;#x22;. Bacterial shoot blight (BSB) disease, caused by _Pseudomonas syringae_ pv. _theae_ (_Pst_), is a major bacterial disease of tea plants in Japan and substantially reduces tea productivity. BSB mainly occurs in the low-temperature season, and lesion formation by _Pst_ is enhanced by both low temperature and the presence of ice nucleation-active _Xanthomonas campestris_ (INAX), which catalyses ice formation at -2 to -4^o^C and is frequently co-isolated with _Pst_ from tea plants^5^. Low temperature is thus the most important environmental factor to influence the incident; however, the...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1836/version/1

The Human Virome in Children and its Relationship to Febrile Illness
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Gregory A. Storch; George M. Weinstock; Erica  J. Sodergren; Kristine M. Wylie; Max Q. Arens; Richard S. Buller; David M. Jaffe; Jared T. Muenzer.
This study investigates the relationship of viruses to febrile illness in children.  Subjects are normal children 2-36 months of age with fever along with normal children of the same age without fever, plus immunocompromised children with fever along with immunocompromised children without fever.  Specimens obtained include blood, nasopharyngeal secretions, and feces.  Specimens are analyzed using a panel of virus-specific PCR assays and also by high throughput sequencing using 454 and Illumina platforms.
Tipo: Marker Paper / Data Plan
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Microbiology; Data Standards.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5319/version/1

CloVR-Microbe: Assembly, gene finding and functional annotation of raw sequence data from single microbial genome projects &amp;#x2013; standard operating procedure, version 1.0
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Kevin Galens; James R. White; Cesar Arze; Malcolm Matalka; Michelle Gwinn Giglio; The CloVR Team; Owen White; Samuel V. Angiuoli; W. Florian Fricke.
The CloVR-Microbe pipeline performs the basic processing and analysis steps required for standard microbial single-genome sequencing projects: A) Whole-genome shotgun sequence assembly; B) Identification of protein and RNA-coding genes; and C) Functional gene annotation. B) and C) are based on the IGS Annotation Engine (http://ae.igs.umaryland.edu/), which is described elsewhere (K Galens et al. submitted). The assembly component of CloVR- Microbe can be executed independently from the gene identification and annotation components. Alternatively, pre-assembled sequence contigs can be used to perform gene identifications and annotations. The pipeline input may consist of unassembled raw sequence reads from the Sanger, Roche/454 GS FLX or Illumina GAII or...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5887/version/3

CloVR-Metagenomics: Functional and taxonomic microbial community characterization from metagenomic whole-genome shotgun (WGS) sequences &amp;#x2013; standard operating procedure, version 1.0
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: James R. White; Cesar Arze; Malcom Matalka; The CloVR Team; Owen White; Samuel V. Angiuoli; W. Florian Fricke.
The CloVR-Metagenomics pipeline employs several well-known tools and protocols for the analysis of metagenomic whole-genome shotgun (WGS) sequence datasets:&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;A) UCLUST &amp;#x2013; a C++-based software package for clustering redundant DNA sequences and removing artificial 454 replicates;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;B) BLASTX and BLASTN for functional and taxonomic assignment of sequences, respectively;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;C) Metastats and custom R scripts to generate additional statistical and graphical evaluation.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;The CloVR-Metagenomics pipeline accepts as input multiple fasta files (1 sample per file) and a corresponding tab-delimited metadata file that specifies features associated with the samples,...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5886/version/3

A Bacterial Enzyme Catalyzing Double Reduction of a &amp;#x3b2;,&amp;#x3b4;-Diketo Ester with Unprecedented Stereoselectivity
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Xuri Wu; Nan Liu; Yunmian He; Yijun Chen.
Various ketoreductases exclusively participate in all common biological events, and they are a class of important biocatalysts for the production of chiral alcohols. While many types of ketoreductase have been extensively studied and their functions, properties and utilities have been well known, the capability of stereoselectively reducing two carbonyl groups in the same diketohexanoate ester molecule to form a dihydroxy product by a single ketoreductase has not been evidently characterized. Here we show that a unique and novel enzyme, diketoreductase, was cloned from Acinetobacter baylyi, heterogeneously expressed in _Escherichia coli_ and purified to homogeneity. The diketoreductase is up to 78% homologous to bacterial 3-hydroxyacyl coenzyme-A...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Microbiology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1697/version/2

Development of an Ontology of Microbial Phenotypes (OMP)
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Michelle Giglio; Chris Mungall; Peter Uetz; Lanlan Yin; Johannes Goll; Deborah Siegele; Marcus Chibucos; James Hu.
*Abstract*&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Phenotypic data are routinely used to elucidate gene and protein function in most organisms amenable to experimental manipulation. However, although phenotype ontologies exist for many eukaryotic model organisms, no standardized system exists for the capture of phenotypic information in bacteria. We propose to build an Ontology of Microbial Phenotypes and use it to annotate the prokaryotic model organism _Escherichia coli_.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;*Introduction*&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Phenotypes are the observable characteristics of an organism that result from the combination of a particular genotype and a particular environment, and thus are a basic and fundamental aspect of the biology of all organisms. The awesome power...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3639/version/1

The spread of antimalarial drug resistance: A mathematical model with practical implications for ACT drug policies
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Wirichada Pongtavornpinyo; Shunmay Yeung; Ian Hastings; Arjen Dondorp; Nicholas Day; Nicholas White.
Most malaria-endemic countries are implementing a change in antimalarial drug policy to artemisinin combination therapy (ACT). The impact of different drug choices and implementation strategies is uncertain. A comprehensive model was constructed incorporating important epidemiological and biological factors and used to illustrate the spread of resistance in low and high transmission settings. The model predicts robustly that in low transmission settings drug resistance spreads faster than in high transmission settings, and that in low transmission areas ACTs slows the spread of drug resistance to a partner drug, especially at high coverage rates. This effect decreases exponentially with increasing delay in deploying the ACT and decreasing rates of...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1539/version/1

HP-23: Co-ordinated Regulation of Gene Expression in H. Pylori in Response to Low pH and Iron Limiting Growth Conditions
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Ananya Gupta; Sergey Ustinov; Kaveh Mashayekhi; Anthony P. Moran.
Establishing a successful infection within the gastric environment and its varied and changing niches requires adaptation achieved through regulation of bacterial gene expression. In the gastric environment in addition to the low pH Helicobacter pylori is required to adapt to conditions of iron limitation. In this study, we used cDNA microarrays to identify genes whose expression was altered when the bacterium was grown under differing conditions of pH (5 versus 7) and iron limitation. cDNA microarray analyses following exposure to different growth conditions were carried out for three H. pylori strains 26695 (gastritis-associated), J99 (ulcer-associated) and AG-1 (atrophic gastritis-associated). Genes were identified whose expression was acid pH-dependent...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Microbiology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5842/version/1

Escherichia coli EHEC Germany outbreak preliminary functional annotation using BG7 system
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Marina Manrique; Pablo Pareja-Tobes; Eduardo Pareja-Tobes; Eduardo Pareja; Raquel Tobes.
We have annotated the  European outbreak E. coli EHEC genome sequenced by BGI (6-2-2011) and assembled with MIRA by Nick Loman (6-2-2011 ). Our system BG7, Bacterial Genome annotation of Era7 Bioinformatics, predicts ORFs and annotates them based on fragments of similarity with Uniprot proteins. We have predicted 6327 genes, 6156 encoding proteins y 171 corresponding to ribosomal and tRNA. Based on the preliminary results of our semi-automated method of annotation we have selected some predicted proteins with potential implications in pathogenicity and virulence.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;There are 33 predicted genes annotated as toxins and we have found three putative hemolysins: Hemolysin E, a putative hemolysin expression modulating protein and a channel...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6001/version/1

Beyond the fuzzy lock-and-key: spontaneous symmetry shifts and glycan/lectin logic gates
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Rodrick Wallace.
Changes in the molecular topology of glycan/lectin interaction may explain observed reaction punctuation driven by experimental gradients in reactant concentration. Adoption of a &amp;#x27;biological renormalization&amp;#x27; perspective from statistical physics for the analysis of such phase transitions suggests, in marked contrast to conventional physical systems, a broad spectrum of possible universality class behaviors. This spectrum may, in typical perverse biological manner, be of central scientific interest. Generalization, via formalism abducted from coevolutionary theory, suggests that glycan/lectin molecular switches instantiate logic gates that may be as sophisticated as those characterizing basic neural process, if on a different scale.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Immunology; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6849/version/1

Transparent Exopolymer Particles (TEP): an overlooked factor in the process of biofilm formation in aquatic environments
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Tom Berman; Uta Passow.
We hypothesize that transparent exopolymer particles (TEP), present in high concentrations in most sea and freshwaters, are critical agents for biofilm initiation and development in many natural and anthropogenic aquatic environments. These gel-like particles appear in many forms; amorphous blobs, clouds, sheets, filaments or clumps ranging in size from ~2 to ~200 &amp;#xb5;m. TEP are mostly polysaccharide, negatively charged, very sticky and are frequently colonized by bacteria. TEP may be considered a &amp;#x22;planktonic&amp;#x22; subgroup of exopolymeric substances (EPS), widely studied in biofilm research. Recognition of TEP involvement in biofilm formation has important implications for a comprehensive understanding of the complexities of this...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1182/version/1

In Silico Docking Analysis of Peptide Deformylase (PDF) - A Novel Target for Prophylaxis of Leptospirosis
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Virupaksha A. Bastikar; Shweta R. Fulsundar; Jagdish S. Nair.
Peptide deformylase (PDF) is a metalloproteinase and executes an essential step in the maturation of proteins in eubacteria, by removing the formyl group from the N-terminal methionine residue of ribosome-synthesized polypeptides. This process is crucial for bacterial survival because mature proteins do not retain N-formyl-methionine, and all known N-terminal peptidases cannot utilize formylated peptides as substrate. Thus, inhibition of PDF is essential to obstruct the bacterial protein maturation process. Antibiotics based on PDF inhibition have the potential to provide the much needed antibacterial activity against most of the major drug-resistant pathogens. This study comprises an implementation of _in-silico_ techniques to validate and map the...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1520/version/1

Food Physical Chemistry and Biophysical Chemistry (v2)
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I. C. Baianu.
Food Physical Chemistry is considered to be a branch of Food Chemistry^1,2^ concerned with the study of both physical and chemical interactions in foods in terms of physical and chemical principles applied to food systems, as well as the applications of physical/chemical techniques and instrumentation for the study of foods^3,4,5,6^.  This field encompasses the &amp;#x22;physiochemical principles of the reactions and conversions that occur during the manufacture, handling, and storage of foods&amp;#x22;^7^. Two rapidly growing, related areas are Food Biotechnology and Food Biophysical Chemistry.  &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6573/version/2

2011 German Escherichia coli O104:H4 outbreak: Alignment-free whole-genome phylogeny by feature frequency profiles
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Man Kit Cheung; Lei Li; Wenyan Nong; Hoi Shan Kwan.
Accuracy of SNP-based whole-genome phylogeny reconstruction relies heavily on quality of sequence alignment which is particularly hindered by poorly assembled genomes. Alignment-free methods might provide additional insights. Here, we constructed a whole-genome phylogeny of 10 isolates from the current German E. coli outbreak against 30 existing E. coli genomes as well as that of a historical EHEC isolate using the alignment-free feature frequency profile method. Our results revealed a high similarity among E. coli isolates from the current outbreak and the historical EHEC being the most closely related isolate sequenced thus far.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6109/version/2

H5N1 Clade 2.2 Polymorphism Tracing Identifies Influenza Recombination and Potential Vaccine Targets
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Henry L. Niman; Magdi D. Saad; Bruce R. Boynton; Jeffery Tjaden; Kenneth C. Earhart; Moustafa M. Mansour; Nasr M. ElSayed; A I. Nayei; A A. Abdelghani; Hala M. Essmat; Elassai M. Labib; E Ayoub; Mona M. Aly; A-SA Arafa; Marshall R. Monteville.
Highly pathogenic Influenza A H5N1 was first identified in Guangdong Province in 1996, followed by human cases in Hong Kong in 1997 1. The number of confirmed human cases now exceeds 300 and the associated Case Fatality Rate exceeds 60% 2. The genetic diversity of the serotype continues to increase.  Four distinct clades or sub-clades have been linked to human cases 3.4. The gradual genetic changes identified in the sub-clades have been attributed to copy errors by viral encoded polymerases that lack an editing function, thereby resulting in antigenic drift 5. We traced polymorphism acquisition in Clade 2.2 sequences. We report here the concurrent acquisition of the same polymorphism by multiple, genetically distinct, Clade 2.2 sub-clades in Egypt, Russia...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Ecology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/553/version/1

Bogoch Replikins Pandemic Prevention: Increase of Strain-Specific Influenza Genomic Replikin Counts, Having Predicted Outbreaks and their Location Seven Times Consecutively, Up to Two Years in Advance, Provides Time for Prevention of Pandemics
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Samuel     Bogoch; Elenore S. Bogoch.
Earlier studies have shown that the increased concentration of a new class of virus genomic peptides, Replikins, precedes and predicts virus outbreaks. We now find that the area in the genome of the highest concentration of Replikins, and the country in which this peak exists in scout viruses, have permitted in the past five years seven consecutive accurate predictions of the geographic localization of coming outbreaks, including those now realized in Mexico for H1N1, and in Cambodia for H5N1. Real-time Replikin analysis of the evolution of the virus genome identified both mutations and structural reorganization of the hemagglutinin and p B1 genes over several years before each outbreak. This information, together with the specific Replikin sequences so...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6952/version/1

Small Colony Variants and Senescent Bacteria
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Jaison Jacob.
Small colony variants (SCVs) are bacterial subpopulation that grow slowly and form smaller colonies. They have been described for a wide range of bacterial species, but most extensively studied for Staphylococci. They are considered as mutants that are auxotrophic to hemin, thiamine or thymidine. In the presence of auxotrophic agents, they revert to normal growth. They are tolerant to many antibiotics and are implicated in chronic and persistent infections. In this presentation, it is proposed that most of them are normal senescent bacteria that do not revert in the presence of auxotrophic agents. SCVs can explain the concentration dependent killing property, long post-antibiotic effect and increased resistance to aminoglycosides.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3118/version/1

Quest for the descent of the Escherichia coli outbreak strain TY2482 &amp;#x2013; out of Germany?
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Tiruvayipati S. Avasthi; Narender Kumar; Ramani Baddam; Singamaneni H. Devi; Lothar H. Wieler; Niyaz Ahmed.
The recent outbreak of the Escherichia coli infection in north Germany reportedly has killed 35 people and sickened about 4000. Infections were reported in 2001 and 2002 in Germany and Central Africa respectively. In order to dissect all possible connections among the three infection/outbreak strains and to extract the most virulent genes responsible for the augmented  pathogenicity of the present German strain (2011), whole genome sequence data of the two isolates (E. coli TY_2482 &amp;#x26; LB226692) were analyzed. We report that the German outbreak strain isolated in 2011 is a seasoned clone of the 2002 isolate sequenced from Central Africa (55989) and perhaps a direct descendent of the German EAEC strain reported in 2001 infection cases.
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6034/version/1

Simple reverse genetics approach to elucidating the biosynthetic pathway of complex thiopeptide nocathiacin
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Maochen Wei; Jing Deng; Shuzhen Wang; Nan Liu; Yijun Chen.
Biothythetic pathway of the most drugable thiopeptide nocathiacin has been elucidated by applying reverse genetics method based on its structural features. The present study provides an efficient approach for an easy access to the biosynthetic gene clusters of complex bioactive peptides that are ribosomally synthesized with extensive posttranslational modifications.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4740/version/1

Aggregation of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in a Human H5N1 Clade 2.2 Hemagglutinin
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Henry L. Niman; Magdi D. Saad; Jeffery Tjaden; Kenneth C. Earhart; Marshall R. Monteville; Mona M. Aly; Moustafa M. Mansour; Nasr El-Sayed; Ahmed E. Nayel; Ahmed S. Abdelghani; Hala M. Esmat; Emad M. Labib; Ehab A. Ayoub; Abdelattar Arafa; Gregory A. Raczniak; Mensah Agyen-Frempong; William K. Ampofo; Bruce R. Boynton.
The evolution of H5N1 has attracted significant interest 1-4 due to linkages with avian 5,6 and human infections 7,8.  The basic tenets of influenza genetics 9 attribute genetic drift to replication errors caused by a polymerase complex that lacks a proof reading function.  However, recent analysis 10 of swine influenza genes identifies regions copied with absolute fidelity for more than 25 years.  In addition, polymorphism tracing of clade 2.2 H5N1 single nucleotide polymorphisms identify concurrent acquisition 11 of the same polymorphism onto multiple genetic backgrounds in widely dispersed geographical locations.  Here we show the aggregation of regional clade 2.2 polymorphisms from Germany, Egypt, and sub-Sahara Africa onto a human Nigerian H5N1...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Ecology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/743/version/1

Enzyme activities and glyphosate biodegradation in a riparian soil affected by  simulated saltwater incursion
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Changming Yang; Mengmeng Wang.
Soil salinization due to saltwater incursion, is a major threat to biochemical activities and thus strongly alters biogeochemical processes in a freshwater riparian of coastal estuary region. A pot incubation experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of simulated saltwater incursion on some key enzymatic activities and biodegradation dynamics of herbicide glyphosate in a riparian soil in Chongming Island located in the Yangtze River estuary, China. The results showed that saltwater addition with 10% artificial seawater significantly increased the biodegradation efficiency of glyphosate with the lowest residual concentration among all the treatments. However, glyphosate degradation was markedly decreased in the riparian soil with high levels of...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Earth &amp; Environment.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6187/version/1

Concurrent Acquisition of a Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in Diverse Influenza H5N1 Clade 2.2 Sub-clades
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Henry Niman; Mona M. Aly; Abdel-Satar  Arafa; Nasr El-Sayed; Ahmed  E. Nayel; Ahmed  S. Abdelghani; Hala  M. Esmat; Gregory  A. Raczniak; Mensah  Agyen-Frempong; William  K. Ampofo; Bruce R. Boynton.
Highly pathogenic Influenza A H5N1 was first identified in Guangdong Province in 1996, followed by human cases in Hong Kong in 1997 1,2. The number of confirmed human cases now exceeds 300 and the associated Case Fatality Rate exceeds 60% 3. The genetic diversity of the serotype continues to increase.  Four distinct clades or sub-clades have been linked to human cases 4-7. The gradual genetic changes identified in the sub-clades have been attributed to copy errors by viral encoded polymerases that lack an editing function, thereby resulting in antigenic drift 8. We report here the concurrent acquisition of the same polymorphism by multiple, genetically distinct, clade 2.2 sub-clades in Egypt, Russia, Kuwait, and Ghana. These changes are not easily...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Ecology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/459/version/4

Marked Rise in Replikin Counts in H5N1 Influenza Virus Localized to Lethality Gene p B1.
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Samuel Bogoch; Elenore S. Bogoch.
Abstract: Virus outbreaks have been found to be related to the concentration of a new class of genomic peptides, Replikins^1^. The eight genes of H5N1 influenza virus were analyzed for the distribution of Replikin Counts (number Replikins /100 amino acids) in 2,441 sequences from birds and humans. An increase (p&amp;#x3c;0.001) occurred from 2004 to August 2011 in one gene, pB1.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6420/version/1

Metagenomic study of the human skin microbiome associated with acne
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Huiying Li.
The human microbiota contributes to our normal postnatal development and plays a significant role in defining our physiology. To understand the role of microbiota in human health and disease, we study the skin microbiome in pilosebaceous units (hair follicles) and its association with acne.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Acne is one of the most common skin diseases. Although its etiology still needs to be defined, a bacterial factor has been suggested in the development of the disease. In fact, antibiotic therapy targeting _Propionibacterium acnes_ has been a mainstay treatment for more than 30 years.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Our preliminary study shows that the microcomedone, a specialized skin compartment where acne arises, has a tractable...
Tipo: Marker Paper / Data Plan
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Bioinformatics; Data Standards.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5305/version/1

Differential expression analysis for sequence count data
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Simon Anders; Wolfgang Huber.
Motivation: High throughput nucleotide sequencing provides quantitative readouts in assays for RNA expression (RNA-Seq), protein-DNA binding (ChIP-Seq), cell counting. Statistical inference of differential signal in these data needs to take into account their natural variability throughout the dynamic range. When the number of replicates is small, error  modeling is needed to achieve statistical power. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Results: We propose an error model that uses the negative binomial distribution, with variance and mean linked by local regression, to model the null distribution of the count data. The method controls type-I error and provides good detection power.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Availability: A free open-source...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4282/version/1

Toxicity prediction of anti tuberculosis active molecules
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Sajeev  R; Abdul  Jaleel.U.C.
Abstract&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;The aim of the work was to understand the toxicity, physically significant descriptors and pharmaceutically relevant properties of some imidazoles obtained from the open sources that may found to be active against tuberculosis. At present five azoles were modeled for the prediction and calculation of descriptors that were carried out by means of computational approach [1].&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6236/version/1

Molecular-genetic analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains spread in different patient groups in St.Petersburg (Russia)
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Ekaterina Chernyaeva; Pavel Dobrynin; Natalia Pestova; Natalia Matveeva; Vladimir Zhemkov; Andrei Kozlov.
Molecular epidemiological features of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains spread among different patient groups in Russia is not studied well. The aim of our study was to compare genotypes of M.tuberculosis strains circulating among TB patients from different groups: homeless, HIV-infected, prisoners and general population of St.Petersburg citizens. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;One hundred fifty M.tuberculosis complex isolates from different TB patient groups were studied using spoligotyping method. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;The majority of studied M.tuberculosis isolates in all groups belonged to Beijing family (56% among homeless; 77% among HIV-infected; 60% among general population; 83% among prisoners). There were no significant difference in Beijing family prevalence...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6073/version/2

Harnessing Aquatic Yeasts For Developing A New Generation of Sunscreens
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Hycienth Braganca; Nandkumar Kamat.
Around 100 yeast genera and 800 species have been isolated and characterized. Nagahama (2006) has reviewed yeast biodiversity in freshwater, marine and deep-Sea Environments. Our work aims at systematic biodiversity assessment of freshwater aquatic yeasts from Goa with major focus on carotenogenic basidiomycetes yeasts which on exposure to potentially damaging levels of solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) accumulate photoprotective compounds (PPC) such as mycosporine-glutaminol-glucoside (myc-glu-glu, peak absorption at 309-310nm) that server as sunscreens and /or antioxidant. These yeasts are a potential source of a particularly diverse family of such substances, collectively referred to as mycosporine- like amino-acids (MAAs). This paper presents the...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Ecology; Microbiology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4249/version/1

Nasal Bacterial Microbiome: Probing a Healthy Porcine Family
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Min Yue; Weicheng Bei; Huanchun Chen.
Upper respiratory tract (URT) infection caused the leading and devastating diseases in pigs. It was believed that the normal microbiome of URT plays a vital role in health and disease development. As the entry point of the URT, little knowledge of bacterial microbiome in porcine nasal was known. A cultivation-independent approach directly to 16s ribosomal RNA genes enabled us to reveal the nasal bacterial community, structure and diversity. Here, we found that an unprecedented 207 phylotypes were characterized from 933 qualified clones, indicating the variable, species richness but particularly dominant bacterial microbiome. The dominant species were from genus Comamonas and Acinetobacter, which constitute core normal bacterial microbiome in porcine nasal....
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6699/version/1

Bio-Communication of Bacteria and its Evolutionary Interrelations to Natural Genome Editing Competences of Viruses
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Guenther Witzany.
Communicative competences enable bacteria to develop, organise and coordinate rich social life with a great variety of behavioral patterns even in which they organise themselves like multicellular organisms. They have existed for almost four billion years and still survive, being part of the most dramatic changes in evolutionary history such as DNA invention, cellular life, invention of nearly all protein types, partial constitution of eukaryotic cells, vertical colonisation of all eukaryotes, high adaptability through horizontal gene transfer and co-operative multispecies colonisation of all ecological niches. Recent research demonstrates that these bacterial competences derive from the aptitude of viruses for natural genome editing....
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1738/version/1

Soil extracellular enzyme activities from a forest harvest and climate manipulation experiment in central Pennsylvania
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Marshall D. McDaniel; Jason P. Kaye; Mary Ann V. Bruns; Margot W. Kaye.
We have previously shown that warming and wetting a post-harvest forest soil increased C and N mineralization rates.  A series of interacting processes may lead to these observed patterns including shifts in microbial allocation among extracellular enzymes.  We monitored soil extracellular enzyme activity (EEA) for 2.5 years in a post-harvest, climate manipulated field experiment.  A 2 ha forest in Central Pennsylvania was whole-tree harvested in 2007 and climate manipulations of +2 &amp;#xb0;C (warmed), and +20% mean monthly historical precipitation (wetted) were added to plots and in combination in a factorial design.  The following enzymes were quantified: &amp;#x3b2;-1,4-glucosidase (BG), cellobiohydrolase (CBH), leucine aminopeptidase (LA),...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology; Earth &amp; Environment.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6254/version/2

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus spores host bacteria and their biofilm efficient in nutrient biodynamics and soil-borne plant pathogen suppression
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Andre Cruz; Takaaki Ishii.
The combination of bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) would be ideal for nutrient biodvnamics in soils and protection from soil-borne plant pathogens (SBPP). During the process of plant colonization AMF interact with bacteria where spores cytoplasm and hvphae provide specific niches for certain populations of bacteria. The clarification of the relationship AMF-bacteria has great potential for sustainable agriculture. The currently research aimed to isolate and characterize bacteria. Which we have designated most probable endobacteria (MPE) from an AMF spore. Three bacterial strains were taken from about 500 spores by using a 200 &amp;#xb5;m diameter hvpodermic needle. These bacteria were identified by DNA and morphological methods. Antagonism...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5544/version/1

Biotransformation of artemisinin mediated through fungal strains for obtaining derivatives with novel activities
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Suchita  Srivastava; Suaib  Luqman; Atiya  Fatima; Mahendra  P. Darokar; Arvind  S. Negi; J K. Kumar; Karuna  Shanker; Chandan  S. Chanotiya; Sudeep  Tandon; Suman  P. S. Khanuja.
Artemisinin, a sesquiterpene lactone, is the active antimalarial constituent of Artemisia annua. Several fungal strains Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger and Picchia pastoris were used to biotransform artemisinin. Among these strains, A. flavus was the only microorganism capable of transforming artemisinin to deoxyartemisinin in higher yields than the previous reports. The structure of deoxyartemisinin was elucidated by spectroscopy. Deoxyartemisinin showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis and S. mutans at a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 1 mg/mL compared to artemisinin whose MIC was &amp;#x3e;2 mg/mL.
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6925/version/1

Is the innate bio-protection power against human virus the same between males and females? A conclusion based on blood donor data of HTLV-I infection
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Nobuoki Eshima; Minoru Tabata; Yasunori Higuchi; Shigeru Karukaya.
Human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) is a retrovirus that causes adult T-cell leukemia. The male-to-female transmission is stronger than the reverse, so the carrier proportion of women is greater than that of men. On the other hand, since the mother-to-child transmission route via the breast-feeding is common for baby boys and girls, it has been thought the HTLV-I proportions of boys and girls are the same until now. A question arises as to whether the &amp;#x22;innate protection powers against human virus&amp;#x22; are the same between baby boys and girls. We utilize Blood donors in 1995-1998, which were provided by Japan Red Cross Society of Oita, Japan. The data are summarized into the frequency table with respect to gender and age. The age...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Immunology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1987/version/1

Human Immune Responses to Plasmodium falciparum infection: Molecular Evidence for a Suboptimal TH&amp;#x3b1;&amp;#x3b2;(TH9) and TH17 Bias over Ideal and Effective Traditional TH1 Immunity
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Wan-Chung(Wan-Jiung) Hu; August Louis Bourgeois; Nathan Wolfe; Sher Singh; Anne Jedlicka; Alan Scott.
Using microarray analysis, we showed up-regulation of  Toll-like receptors 1,2,4,7,8, NF-[kappa][BETA], TNF-[alpha], p38-MAPK and MHC molecules in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells following infection with Plasmodium falciparum. We report herein further studies based on time-course microarray analysis with a focus on malaria-induced host immunity.  Results show that in early malaria; selected immunity-related genes were up-regulated including alpha, beta, and gamma interferon related genes, as well as genes of IL-15, CD36, chemokines (CXCL10, CCL2, S100A8/9, CXCL9, and CXCL11), TRAIL and IgG Fc receptors.  During acute febrile malaria, up-regulated genes included alpha, beta, and gamma interferon related genes, IL-8, IL-1[beta], IL-10 downstream...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5930/version/1

BBSRC Data Sharing Policy
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Amanda Collis; David McAllister; Michael Ball.
BBSRC recognizes the importance of contributing to the growing international efforts in data sharing. BBSRC is committed to getting the best value for the funds we invest and believes that making research data more readily available will reinforce open scientific inquiry and stimulate new investigations and analyses. BBSRC supports the view that data sharing should be led by the scientific community and driven by scientific need. It should also be cost effective and the data shared should be of the highest quality. Members of the community are expected and encouraged to practice and promote data sharing, determine standards and best practice, and create a scientific culture in which data sharing is embedded.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology; Neuroscience; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Data Standards.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6015/version/1

Microbial responses to changes in land use
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Rebecca C. Mueller; Klaus N&amp;#xfc;sslein; Jorge Rodrigues; James Tiedje; Vivian Pellizari; Brigitte Feigl; Brendan Bohannan.
Background/Question/Methods&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Land use change is one of the greatest threats to biodiversity worldwide. This is especially true for land use change that results in the destruction of intact forest, or &amp;#x22;deforestation&amp;#x201d;. Deforestation is causing a loss of biological diversity on an unprecedented scale, especially in the Tropics. It is unclear how the majority of the biodiversity on Earth &amp;#x2013; microbial biodiversity &amp;#x2013; is responding to these extraordinary rates of deforestation. I will provide an overview of our current understanding of microbial responses to deforestation. I will focus, as an example, on our current research regarding the effects of deforestation on the diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology; Earth &amp; Environment.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5505/version/1

Category of Metabolic-Replication Systems in Biology and Medicine
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I. C. Baianu.
Metabolic-repair models, or (M,R)-systems were introduced in Relational Biology by Robert Rosen. Subsequently, Rosen represented such (M,R)-systems (or simply MRs)in terms of categories of sets, deliberately selected without any structure other than the discrete topology of sets. Theoreticians of life&amp;#x27;s origins postulated that Life on Earth has begun with the simplest possible organism, called the primordial. Mathematicians interested in biology attempted to answer this important question of the minimal living organism by defining the functional relations that would have made life possible in such a minimal system- a grandad and grandma of all living organisms on Earth.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Microbiology; Neuroscience; Bioinformatics; Earth &amp; Environment; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7045/version/1

Reseña histórica de las investigaciones realizadas sobre microbiología marina en el Golfo de Batabanó, Cuba.
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Miravet Regalado, M.E.
El Golfo de Batabanó o plataforma sur occidental de Cuba es una de las regiones más estudiadas de la plataforma submarina debido a su significativa contribución a la pesca y el turismo. Desde el punto de vista microbiológico, las investigaciones realizadas en esta zona han permitido conocer la calidad y condiciones tróficas de sus aguas, la intensidad con que ocurre la degradación de la materia orgánica, la magnitud de la biomasa bacteriana disponible como alimento a otros organismos de la trama alimentaria y la distribución, abundancia y diversidad de especies microbianas presentes en los hábitat que conforman el golfo. En el presente trabajo se presenta una reseña histórica que recorre los 25 trabajos de microbiología marina realizados en el Golfo de...
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Historical account; Oceanography; Microbiology; Oceanography; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4800; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_12889.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/3663

Industrie des conserves de poisson au Sénégal
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Fall, Massal.
Tipo: Theses and Dissertations
Palavras-chave: Canned fishery products; Sea fisheries; Microbiology; Hygiene; Tuna fisheries; Displacement; Marketing and distribution; Socioeconomic aspects; Albacore fisheries; Skipjack tuna fisheries.
Ano: 1987
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/4584

Características físicas, químicas y microbiológicas de las aguas marino costeras del área de Caleta Aeolian, Isla Baltra - Prov. de Galápagos, septiembre - 2006
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Gamboa, M.C.
El presente trabajo da a conocer las condiciones ambientales actuales en que se encuentran las aguas costeras en Caleta Aeolián de la Isla Baltra, a fin de contribuir a futuras investigaciones.
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: Chemical oceanography; Coastal waters; Nutrients (mineral); Petroleum hydrocarbons; Microbiology; Pollution detection; Chemical oceanography; Coastal waters; Microbiology; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1516; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_25205; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4800.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/2367

V Congreso de Ciencias del Mar  MarCuba 2000
Provedor de dados: 20
Contiene  los trabajos presentados, el programa científico  y el perfil de instituciones marinas cubanas.
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Coastal zone; Marine resources; Aquaculture; Aquariology; Education; Genetics; Marine pollution; Microbiology.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/5375

Population genetic status of the Western Indian Ocean:  what do we know?
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Sampayo, E.M.; Ridgway, T.
Population genetics offers a useful technique for studying the population structure of marine organisms and has relevance to both systematics and the conservation of biodiversity. The Western Indian Ocean (WIO) is faced with increasing evidence of degradation and effective management initiatives are needed to curtail the environmental decline. The management of the WIO region can therefore benefit from the information that population genetics can provide. Extensive literature searches revealed only 31 genetic references for the WIO region. From a biogeographic point of view, the WIO shows little genetic exchange with the rest of the Indo- Pacific, but from a regional perspective, the limited information that exists points towards widespread genetic...
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: Biogeography; Microbiology; Population genetics; Population genetics; Biogeography; Microbiology; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34326; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_915; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4800.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/1123

Coliform density in oyster culture waters and its relationship with environmental factors
Provedor de dados: 86
Autores: Mignani,Luciene; Barbieri,Edison; Marques,Helcio Luis de Almeida; Oliveira,Ana Julia Fernandes Cardoso de.
The objective of this work was to evaluate the total and thermotolerant coliform densities in the oyster culture water of Cananeia, SP, Brazil, correlating these densities with environmental variables and tidal variations. Superficial water samples were collected in two tide conditions (spring and neap) from three areas of Cananéia municipality (Mandira, Itapitangui and Cooperostra). The three studied areas showed good conditions for the culture regarding coliform densities. The two tidal conditions differed significantly as to total coliform concentration; however, the same procedure was not performed for thermotolerant coliforms. No correlation was observed between water temperature, pH, and concentrations of total and thermotolerant coliforms. Coliform...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea; Contamination; Microbiology; Principal component analysis; Total and thermotolerant coliforms.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2013000800007

Genetic Similarities of Escherichia Coli Isolated from Different Substrates of the Broiler Production Chain
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Teles,PFS; Boiago,MM; Frigo,A; Rampazzo,L; Araújo,DN; Kich,JD; Rebelatto,R; Furian,TQ; Stefani,LM.
ABSTRACT Brazil is the largest exporter of chicken meat and poultry farming is one of the most important productive segments, despite major losses due to the bacterium Escherichia coli, which is also a zoonotic microorganism. The objetive of this study was to isolate E. coli and to evaluate its transmissibility potential from the field to chicken meat using the Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) technique. Environmental samples (poultry litter, soil and water) were collected from broiler farms located in the South of Brazil where the majority of the Brazilian poultry production occurs. In addition, chicken meat (gizzard, heart, drumette and tulip) samples were collected from local supermarkets. As results, 47.36% of the samples were positives for E....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Environment; Epidemiology; Microbiology; Public health; Pulsed field gel electrophoresis.
Ano: 2021
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2021000100308

New record of Pterotaenia fasciata (Wiedemann) (Diptera, Ulidiidae) in Brazil, a probably mechanical vector of enteric bacteria
Provedor de dados: 92
Autores: Barnabe,Anderson Sena; Laporta,Gabriel Zorello; Laporta,Marcia Zorello; Lamas,Carlos José Einicker.
Pterotaenia fasciata is commonly recorded in rural areas in Argentina, but during a Diptera survey study developed in a reservoir which retains storm water from polluted canals in an urban area of Taboão da Serra municipality, SP, Brazil, we could capture P. fasciata adults. Enteric bacteria Escherichia coli T. Escherich, 1885 and Proteus sp. were isolated from P. fasciata collected in traps inside the reservoir and around it. Fecal coliforms and E. coli were found in the water of the reservoir. These records suggest that a high abundance of this species at urban areas with inadequate sewage canals should reveal these muscoid dipterans as mechanical vectors of enteric bacteria.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Neotropical; Parasitology; Taxonomy; Urbanization.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0085-56262007000100020

Physicochemical and microbiological parameters of frozen and chilled chicken meat
Provedor de dados: 96
Autores: Fernandes,Raimunda Thyciana Vasconcelos; Arruda,Alex Martins Varela de; Costa,Monik Kelly de Oliveira; Lima,Patrícia de Oliveira; Santos,Luiz Odonil Gomes dos; Melo,Aurora da Silva; Marinho,Jéssica Berly Moreira.
ABSTRACT With this study we aimed to evaluate and compare physicochemical and microbiological characteristics of frozen and chilled chicken meat. Only the prime cuts (breast, thighs, and drumsticks) were considered for the analysis of chemical composition, pH, color, water-holding capacity (WHC), thawing-cooking loss (TCL), and shear force (SF). For microbiological analysis, mesophilic bacteria, thermotolerant coliforms, and Salmonella spp. were considered. The frozen and chilled chicken meat showed no PSE (pale, soft, and exudative) or DFD (dark, firm, and dry) type of anomalies. The chromaticity showed higher redness in the breast (a* = 0.23) and yellowness in the thigh (b* = 5.64) for the frozen meat. The chilled meat showed better values for...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Broiler; Feed evaluation; Meat quality; Microbiology; PH.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982016000700417

Evaluation of microbial contamination of feces and soil on a laying-hen farm depending on sampling site and season
Provedor de dados: 96
Autores: Trawińska,Beata; Chmielowiec-Korzeniowska,Anna; Nowakowicz-Dębek,Bożena; Tymczyna,Leszek; Bombik,Teresa; Pyrz,Magdalena; Tymczyna-Sobotka,Monika.
ABSTRACT The objective of the present study was to evaluate soil collected from a laying-hen farm and bird manure according to the season of the year and sampling site. Soil samples were taken at the poultry facility wall and at the distances of 15 m and 45 m from the building. Bird feces samples were collected inside the poultry house at the entrance and at 1/4 and 1/2 length of the building. Soil and bird feces samples were evaluated by bacteriological qualitative and quantitative analyses. The largest bacterial load was determined in the samples taken at the poultry facility wall in December/January. Soil microbial contamination degree was low. The highest bacterial count in bird manure was found in the samples collected at 1/2 length of the hen house...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Manure; Microbiology; Pollutant; Poultry; Soil.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982016000400190

Aerobic stability of sugar cane silages with a novel strain of Lactobacillus sp. isolated from sugar cane
Provedor de dados: 96
Autores: Ávila,Carla Luiza da Silva; Pinto,José Cardoso; Oliveira,Dâmiany Pádua; Schwan,Rosane Freitas.
The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of the addition of two Lactobacillus strains on the aerobic stability of the sugar cane (Saccharum spp.) silages. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with three replicates in split-plot in time scheme, so that the treatments (silages without inoculant and with novel strain or commercial inoculants) were randomized on plot and in times of aerobic evaluation of the silages (zero, two, four, and six days after the opening of the silos) as subplots. The loss of stability of silages was continuous during the time of aerobic exposure. Inoculants influenced the changes in populations of lactic acid bacteria and yeasts and in the ammoniacal nitrogen, acetic acid and ethanol...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Acetic acid; Fermentation; Lactic acid; Microbiology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982012000200003

Use of probiotic-supplemented diet on a Pacific white shrimp farm
Provedor de dados: 96
Autores: Vieira,Felipe do Nascimento; Jatobá,Adolfo; Mouriño,José Luiz Pedreira; Buglione Neto,Celso Carlos; Silva,Jairo Sousa da; Seiffert,Walter Quadros; Soares,Mariana; Vinatea,Luis Alejandro.
ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of a diet supplemented with Lactobacillus plantarum on performance, immunological parameters, and bacterial microbiota of the digestive tract of white leg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). We used six earthen ponds (1.2 ha) stocked with 14 shrimp m−2 (3 g mean weight). Three ponds received a diet supplemented with L. plantarum and three were maintained as control. The survival and feed efficiency of shrimp fed the supplemented diet were greater than that observed in shrimp fed the control diet, with survival values of 83.02±6.12% and 74.65±9.07% and feed efficiencies of 117.97±4.45% and 104.46±7.30%, respectively. However, we observed no differences in weight gain. The intestines of shrimp fed...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Immune response; Lactobacillus; Microbiology.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982016000500203

Equine fecal inoculum optimization in in vitro fermentation assays of dehydrated roughage
Provedor de dados: 96
Autores: Franzan,Bruna Caroline; Franco,Tatiana Werneck; Stefani,Giselle; Pereira,Marcelo Maia; Almeida,Fernando Queiroz de; Silva,Vinicius Pimentel.
ABSTRACT This study evaluated the influence of coastcross hay substrate hydration and equine fecal inoculum dilution on the parameters of fermentation and microbiology in in vitro essays. A 2 × 2 factorial block design was used. The first factor was hydration of the coastcross hay substrate 12 h before incubation or at the time of incubation, and the second factor was the dilution of fecal inoculum with a nutrient solution in a weight: weight ratio of 1:1 or 1:3. Degradation of the dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) were evaluated at 24, 48, and 72 h. Microorganisms were counted 24 h after inoculation. The ammoniacal nitrogen concentration (NH3-N), pH, and cumulative gas production were measured up to 72 h and adjusted...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Degradation rate; Gas production; Microbiology; Modeling; Roughage.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982018000100531

Microbial and fermentation profiles, losses and chemical composition of silages of buffel grass harvested at different cutting heights
Provedor de dados: 96
Autores: Pinho,Ricardo Martins Araujo; Santos,Edson Mauro; Carvalho,Gleidson Giordano Pinto de; Silva,Ana Paula Gomes da; Silva,Thiago Carvalho da; Campos,Fleming Sena; Macedo,Carlos Henrique Oliveira.
The present study evaluated the microbial population, fermentation profile, losses and dry matter recovery, and chemical composition of silages of buffel grass at different cutting heights. To evaluate the microbial fermentation dynamics, the treatments resulted from a 4 × 5 factorial combination consisting of 4 cutting heights and 5 fermentation periods, in a completely randomized design with three replications. The fermentation was evaluated at the end of 1, 3, 7, 15 and 30 days. The other characteristics of silages with 30 days were evaluated following a completely randomized design with four treatments, consisting of 4 cutting heights (30, 40, 50 and 60 cm), and five replications. Fermentation period and cutting height effects and interaction between...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cenchrus ciliaris; Enterobacteria; Lactic acid; Microbiology; Semiarid.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982013001200003

Susceptibility profile towards antimicrobial medicine of bacteria isolated from the uterine secretion of female dogs with pyometra in a veterinary hospital located in São Paulo, Brazil, from 2010 to 2015
Provedor de dados: 195
Autores: Berl, Carla Alice; Franco, Célio Ramos; Baltazar, Fábio Navarro; Cortez, Márcia Beserra Xavier; Trevisan, Rafael; Cirillo, Tomie; Marques Júnior, Wilson.
Knowledge on the susceptibility and resistance patterns of bacterial isolates from canine pyometra is essential from a therapeutic perspective, especially due to its high incidence and potential to develop sepsis. Thus, this study evaluated the frequency of bacterial isolates in female dogs during five years with use of ultrasonograph diagnoses and subsequently by culture and antibiogram of uterine secretion, describing the sensitivity of bacterial isolates towards the most commonly used antimicrobial drugs for veterinary clinical practice. A total of 132 records comprising of 29 races were analyzed. Mongrel dogs were the most prevalent in this study (14.39%), followed by Lhasa Apso (12.12%) and Yorkshire Terrier (9.84 %). Their average age was nine years,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Pyometra; Microbiology; Antibiogram piometra; Microbiologia; Antibiograma.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.revistamvez-crmvsp.com.br/index.php/recmvz/article/view/37817

Pulmonary, microbiological and hematological changes in Crotalus durissus terrificus (Serpentes, Viperidae) parasitized by nematodes of the genus Rhabdias (Nematoda, Rhabdiasidae)
Provedor de dados: 45
Autores: Santos,K.R.; Takahira,R.K.; Rall,V.L.M.; Calderón,C.; Sequeira,J.L.; Silva,R.J.
This study reported the pulmonary, microbiological, and hematological alterations in Crotalus durissus terrificus parasitized by nematodes of the genus Rhabdias. Histological, microbiological, and hematological analysis were performed on parasitized (n=6) and non-parasitized (n=6) snakes. Granulocytic and mononuclear cell infiltrates in the pulmonary parenchyma and epithelium were also observed during the histological analysis of parasitized snakes. Microbiological analysis of parasitized animals revealed the following Gram-negative bacteria: Citrobacter divergens, Burkholderia cepacia, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Proteus vulgaris, Enterobacter sakazakii, Enterobacter ammnigenus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pantoea sp. and Providencia rettgeri. In...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Snake; Crotalus durissus terrificus; Rhabdias spp.; Histopathology; Microbiology; Hematology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352008000300022

ATP-Bioluminescence as a method to evaluated microbiological quality of UHT milk
Provedor de dados: 45
Autores: Cunha,A.F.; Lage,A.D.; Pereira e Araújo,M.M.; Abreu,C.F.; Tassinari,A.R.; Ferraz,M.A.; Davenport,K.; Cerqueira,M.M.O.P.
New approaches are needed to quickly indicate possible contamination of UHT milk, among them the technique of ATP-Bioluminescence. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the results of culture methods with the results of ATP-Bioluminescence technique of 102 UHT whole milk samples incubated at 48, 72, and 168 hours. UHT milk samples were analyzed for the presence of mesophilic and psychrotrophic aerobic microorganisms using Plate Count Agar (PCA), Brain-Heart Infusion (BHI) media and PetrifilmTM Aerobic Count (AC) plates. The ATP-Bioluminescence technique was applied through the Microbial Luminescent Screening (MLS) system. Significant correlations were found between counts of aerobic mesophilic microorganisms on PCA, PetrifilmTM AC, BHI and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: ATP-Bioluminescence; Microbiology; Milk; Quality; UHT.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352014000601909

Cutaneous mycobiota of boid snakes kept in captivity
Provedor de dados: 45
Autores: Freire,B.C.; Garcia,V.C.; Quadrini,A.E.; Bentubo,H.D.L.
ABSTRACT Boids are large, constrictor snakes that feed mostly on mammals, reptiles, and birds. These animals are commonly raised as pets, and their improper handling can favor the emergence of fungal infections, which can lead to dermatological diseases that are undiagnosed in nature. Here, we isolate and identify the filamentous fungi that compose the mycobiota of the scales of boid snakes kept in captivity at the Biological Museum of the Butantan Institute. Thirty individuals of four species were evaluated: four Eunectes murinus, twelve Boa constrictor constrictor, seven Corallus hortulanus, and seven Epicrates crassus. Microbiological samples were collected by rubbing small square carpets on the snake scales. We isolated five genera of fungi:...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Filamentous; Fungi; Reptiles.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352019000401093

Microbiological and physical-chemical characteristics of fermented milk beverages
Provedor de dados: 45
Autores: Andrade,E.H.P.; Silva,N.M.A.; Resende,M.F.S.; Souza,M.R.; Fonseca,L.M.; Cerqueira,M.M.O.P.; Penna,C.F.A.M.; Leite,M.O.
This study aimed to evaluate some microbiological and physical-chemical characteristics of fermented milk beverages collected at the main supermarkets in Belo Horizonte (MG). 40 samples of the products corresponding to five distinct brands were collected. They were submitted to the following analyses: Most Probable Number (MPN) of total (30ºC) and thermal tolerant coliforms (45ºC), Salmonella spp., coagulase positive Staphylococcus, molds and yeasts, lactic acid bacteria, pH, titratable acidity and contents of moisture, total solids, protein and fat. The analyses were carried out during the last week of shelf life. The microbiological quality of the samples was good and the counts of lactic bacteria were above the minimum established by the official...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Fermented milk beverages; Microbiology; Physical-chemistry; Protein.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352015000601735

Age-related ultrasonography, cytology, and microbiologic exam of canine prostate
Provedor de dados: 45
Autores: Gadelha,C.R.F.; Vicente,W.R.R.; Ribeiro,A.P.C.; Apparício,M.F.; Covizzi,G.J.; Machado,L.D.S.
The physiological parameters that could be reference for trustful diagnosis and prognosis of prostate disorders in dogs were obtained. Thirty six intact male dogs without clinical signs of neither prostatic nor reproductive disorders were allocated according the age in three groups. These animals were submitted to semen manual collection for microbiological exams; transabdominal ultrasonography to evaluate dimensions, ecogenicity, and texture of prostatic parenchyma and aspirative puncture with fine needle for cytological and microbiological analyses. Ultrasonography revealed that the predominant prostatic shape was round with regular surface. Dimensions varied according to age, being small in young animals and large in old ones. There was a positive...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Dog; Cytology; Microbiology; Prostate; Ultrasonography.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352009000600002

Microbial succession within an anaerobic sequencing batch biofilm reactor (ASBBR) treating cane vinasse at 55ºC
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Ribas,Maria Magdalena Ferreira; Chinalia,Fabio Alexandre; Pozzi,Eloisa; Foresti,Eugenio.
The aim of this work was to investigate the anaerobic biomass formation capable of treating vinasse from the production of sugar cane alcohol, which was evolved within an anaerobic sequencing batch biofilm reactor (ASBBR) as immobilized biomass on cubes of polyurethane foam at the temperature of 55ºC. The reactor was inoculated with mesophilic granular sludge originally treating poultry slaughterhouse wastewater. The evolution of the biofilm in the polyurethane foam matrices was assessed during seven experimental phases which were thus characterized by the changes in the organic matter concentrations as COD (1.0 to 20.0 g/L). Biomass characterization proceeded with the examination of sludge samples under optical and scanning electron microscopy. The...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Anaerobic digestion; Adaptation phase; Wastewater; Sugar cane; Biofilm; Microbiology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132009000400028

Microbiological analysis of critical points in the chicken industry
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Cansian,Rogério Luis; Floriani,Salete Teresa Radeski; Valduga,Eunice.
This work is focused on identifying microbial contamination in the scalding asepsis and cooling processes as well as in fresh sausages obtained. Salmonella was identified in two scald water samples but was absent in the water from chiller and in the final product, which might be explained in terms of chlorine addition and temperature reduction. The analysis revealed that MPN of Escherichia coli was in the range of &lt;1-11/mL in the scald water and &lt;1-64/mL in the chiller. Aeromonas sp. count showed 5 to 3.5x10¹ CFU/mL in the scald water and 9 to 3.7x10² CFU/mL in the chiller, probably due to the psycrophile characteristics of Aeromonas and evisceration process. The analysis of fresh sausages chicken revealed a sharp increase in the Aeromonas count...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Aeromonas; Bacteria; Chicken; Microbiology; Food quality control.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132005000300011

Microbiology, sensory evaluation and shelf life of irradiated chicken breast fillets stored in air or vacuum
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Mantilla,Samira Pirola Santos; Santos,Érica Barbosa; Vital,Helio de Carvalho; Mano,Sérgio Borges; Freitas,Mônica Queiroz de; Franco,Robson Maia.
This work investigated the effects of different packaging methods (air and vacuum) combined with irradiation (0.0, 2.0 and 3.0 kGy) on the preservation of chicken breast fillets stored at 1ºC for up to 18 days by sensorial test, determination of pH and bacterial growth. The findings indicated that the post-irradiation lag phase increased with the dose, leading to an extension in shelf-life. Vacuum-packed samples irradiated at 3.0 kGy exhibited the longest shelf life. Among the analyzed bacteria, coliforms and Listeria spp. were most sensitive to gamma radiation. All the fillets acquired more attractive coloration and better overall impression with irradiation. The combined use of vacuum packaging and irradiation (3.0 kGy) reduced the microbial populations...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Irradiation; Chicken fillets; Modified atmosphere; Microbiology; Sensory tests.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132011000300019

Top 10 evidence-based recommendations from the Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases for the Choosing Wisely Project
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Pasqualotto,Alessandro C.; Almeida,Camila S.; Kliemann,Dimas A.; Barcellos,Guilherme B.; Queiroz-Telles,Flávio; Abdala,Edson; Resende,Mariangela; Batista,Filipe P.; Vidal,José E.; Rocha,Jaime; Raboni,Sonia M.; Cimerman,Sergio; Gales,Ana C.
ABSTRACT The Choosing Wisely Initiative aims to collect statements from medical societies all over the world on medical interventions that result in no benefit to patients, with the potential to cause harm. In this article we present the views of the Diagnostic Laboratory Group at the Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases (SBI). Ten experts from SBI were asked to list 10 diagnostic tests that were perceived as unnecessary in the field of infectious diseases. After voting for the more relevant topics, a questionnaire was sent to all SBI members, in order to select for the most important items. A total of 482 votes were obtained, and the top 10 results are shown in this manuscript. The Choosing Wisely statements of SBI should facilitate clinical practice...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Choosing wisely; Quality; Safety; Infectious diseases; Microbiology; Diagnostic tests; Healthcare administration.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702019000500331

Epidemiological and microbiological analysis of ventilator-associated pneumonia patients in a public teaching hospital
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Silva Júnior,João Manoel da; Rezende,Ederlon; Guimarães,Thaís; Campos,Edvaldo V. dos; Magno,Luiz André; Consorti,Lívia; Pereira,Renata Andréa Pietro; Nascimento,Maria de Lourdes; Mendonça,João Silva de.
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the most commonly-acquired infection in patients in intensive care units. We analyzed epidemiological and microbiological characteristics and the outcome, in a cohort of critically-ill patients with confirmed diagnosis of VAP. All patients who had been on mechanical ventilation (MV) for more than 48 hours were included in our study; material collection for microbiological analysis was done within the first 24 hours after beginning treatment or after changing antibiotics. There were 55/265 (20.7%) VAP cases diagnosed, at a rate of 21.6 episodes per 1,000 days of mechanical ventilation. Mean age of the patients was 66 years, with a mean APACHE II score of 26.7 + 7.0; male patients were more prevalent. The mortality...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ventilator-associated pneumonia; Epidemiology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702007000500009

Clinical impact of Achromobacter xylosoxidans colonization/infection in patients with cystic fibrosis
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Firmida,M.C.; Pereira,R.H.V.; Silva,E.A.S.R.; Marques,E.A.; Lopes,A.J.
The rate of diagnosis of colonization/infection of the airways with Achromobacter xylosoxidans has increased in cystic fibrosis patients, but its clinical significance is still controversial. This retrospective, case-control study aimed to evaluate the clinical impact of A. xylosoxidans colonization/infection in cystic fibrosis patients. Individuals who were chronically colonized/infected (n=10), intermittently colonized/infected (n=15), and never colonized/infected with A. xylosoxidans (n=18) were retrospectively evaluated during two periods that were 2 years apart. Demographic characteristics, clinical data, lung function, and chronic bacterial co-colonization data were evaluated. Of the total study population, 87% were pediatric patients and 65.1% were...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cystic fibrosis; Achromobacter spp.; Achromobacter xylosoxidans; Microbiology.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2016000400703

Glanders in donkeys (Equus asinus) in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil: a case report
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Mota,Rinaldo Aparecido; Oliveira,Andréa Alice da Fonseca; Pinheiro Junior,José Wilton; Silva,Leonildo Bento Galiza da; Brito,Marilene de Farias; Rabelo,Silvana Suely Assis.
The clinical, anatomical and histopatological findings of glanders diagnosis in donkeys in the state of Pernambuco-Brazil are reported. The animals were euthanized and necropsied, and evaluated for lesions in respiratory and lymphatic systems, confirming the disease by isolation of Burkholderia mallei and Strauss test.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Burkholderia mallei; Epidemiology; Microbiology; Histopathology; Strauss test.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822010000100021

Microbiological analyses of water from hemodialysis services in São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Lima,José de Ribamar Oliveira; Marques,Sirley Garcia; Gonçalves,Azizedite Guedes; Salgado Filho,Natalino; Nunes,Paulo Cruz; Silva,Hernandes Sousa; Monteiro,Silvio Gomes; Costa,Jackson Mauricio Lopes.
Rigorous control of water quality in hemodialysis services is extremely important in order to guarantee a better quality of life of the patients submitted to this treatment. The lack of adequate water monitoring has caused the death of various patients in the past. The objective of the present study was to determine the physicochemical and bacteriological characteristics of water used by hemodialysis services in hospitals of the city of São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil. Bacteriological analyses included the membrane filter method for the determination of total coliform bacteria, the Cult-Dipcombi-TTC-agar method for heterotrophic bacteria and the limulus amebocyte lysate method for the determination of endotoxins. Eighteen water samples obtained from three...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Water; Microbiology; Hemodialysis; Contamination.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822005000200001

Aerobic bacterial microflora of Broad-snouted caiman (Caiman latirostris) oral cavity and cloaca, originating from Parque Zoológico Arruda Câmara, Paraíba, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Silva,J.S.A.; Mota,R.A.; Pinheiro Júnior,J.W.; Almeida,M.C.S.; Silva,D.R.; Ferreira,D.R.A.; Azevedo,J.C.N.
The objective of this study was to isolate and identify the aerobic bacterial microflora from the oral cavity mucosa and cloaca's samples, collected from Broad-snouted caiman (Caiman latirostris), born and bred in captivity at Parque Zoológico Arruda Câmara, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil. The most common bacteria were Staphylococcus sp. (14.74%), Corynebacterium sp. (13.68%), Escherichia coli (13.68%) and Shigella sp. (11.58%), and the less common were Citrobacter sp. (1.05%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (1.05%) and Salmonella sp. (1.05%).This emphasizes the importance of these microorganisms' participation in infectious processes (sepsis) and injuries caused by crocodilians.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Caiman latirostris; Cloaca; Crocodilians; Microbiology; Oral cavity.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822009000100034

Psychrotrophic bacteria in milk: How much do we really know?
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Oliveira,Gislene B. de; Favarin,Luciana; Luchese,Rosa H.; McIntosh,Douglas.
The occurrence of psychrotrophic bacteria in raw milk is studied worldwide due to the difficulties associated with controlling their growth during cold storage and the consequent negative effects upon fluid milk or dairy products. Among the psychrotrophic bacteria, the genus Pseudomonas (represented primarily by P. fluorescens) has been highlighted as the cause of numerous defects in dairy products. In light of its perceived predominance, this species has frequently been chosen as a model organism to assess the effects of psychrotrophic bacteria on milk or to evaluate the efficacy of control measures. However, recent findings derived from the application of molecular biological techniques have exposed a number of deficiencies in our knowledge of the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Pseudomonas; Dairy products; Microbial identification.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822015000200313

Survey of pathogens in threatened wild red-tailed Amazon parrot (Amazona brasiliensis) nestlings in Rasa Island, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Vaz,Frederico Fontanelli; Serafini,Patrícia Pereira; Locatelli-Dittrich,Rosangela; Meurer,Rafael; Durigon,Edison Luiz; Araújo,Jansen de; Thomazelli,Luciano Matsumiya; Ometto,Tatiana; Sipinski,Elenise Angelotti Bastos; Sezerban,Rafael Meirelles; Abbud,Maria Cecília; Raso,Tânia Freitas.
ABSTRACT The red-tailed Amazon parrot (Amazona brasiliensis) is a threatened species of psittacine bird that inhabit coastal regions of Brazil. In view of the threat of this species, the aim of this study was to perform a health evaluation in wild nestlings in Rasa Island, determining the prevalence of enterobacteria and infectious agents according to type of nest. Blood samples were collected from 64 birds and evaluated for antibodies of Chlamydia psittaci by commercial dot-blot ELISA. Cloacal and oropharyngeal swabs samples were collected from 23 birds from artificial wooden nests, 15 birds from PVC nests and 2 birds from natural nests for microbiological analysis. Swab samples were collected from 58 parrots for C. psittaci detection by PCR and from 50...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Avian influenza virus; Chlamydia psittaci; Microbiology; Newcastle disease; West Nile virus.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822017000400747

Elimination of coliforms and Salmonella spp. in sheep meat by gamma irradiation treatment
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Henriques,Luciana Salles Vasconcelos; Henry,Fábio da Costa; Barbosa,João Batista; Ladeira,Silvania Alves; Pereira,Silvia Menezes de Faria; Antonio,Isabela Maria da Silva; Teixeira,Gina Nunes; Martins,Meire Lelis Leal; Vital,Helio de Carvalho; Rodrigues,Dália dos Prazeres; Reis,Eliane Moura Falavina dos.
This study aimed at evaluating the bacteriological effects of the treatment of sheep meat contaminated with total coliforms, coliforms at 45 °C and Salmonella spp. by using irradiation at doses of 3 kGy and 5 kGy. Thirty sheep meat samples were collected from animals located in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, and then grouped in three lots including 10 samples: non-irradiated (control); irradiated with 3 kGy; and irradiated with 5 kGy. Exposure to gamma radiation in a 137Cs source-driven irradiating facility was perfomed at the Nuclear Defense Section of the Brazilian Army Technological Center (CTEx) in Rio de Janeiro. The samples were kept under freezing temperature (-18 °C) until the analyses, which occurred in two and four months after irradiation. The...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Food irradiation; Microbiology; Sheep meat quality.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822013000400017

Bacterial and yeast counts in Brazilian commodities and spices
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Freire,Francisco das Chagas Oliveira; Offord,Lisa.
A total of thirteen genera of bacteria and two genera of yeasts were detected in surface sterilized and unsterilized Brazilian commodities and spices such as cashew kernels, Brazil nut kernels, black and white pepper. The genus Bacillus with eight species was by far the most common. The yeasts isolated were Pichia sp., P. guillermondii and Rhodotorula sp. Bacillus cereus, Salmonella typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus were detected in cashew and Brazil nut kernels.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cashew kernels; Brazil nut kernels; Black and white pepper; Microbiology.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822002000200009

Microbiological quality of salmon (Salmo salar) sold in cities of the state of São Paulo, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Nespolo,Natália Maramarque; Martineli,Thaís Mioto; Rossi Jr.,Oswaldo Durival.
The present paper evaluated the microbiology of salmon by quantifying mesophilic heterotrophic microorganisms, total and thermotolerant coliforms, and the presence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella sp., Escherichia coli and Aeromonas sp. in the meat. This study can provide technical support for the suggestion of a new regulation of a Brazilian legislation through specific microbiological standards concerning the consumption of raw fish. A number of 31 (16 cooled and 15 frozen) samples of salmon were collected in the retail market network of a few cities in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. Results presented populations of mesophilic heterotrophic microorganisms ranging from 1.0 x 10 and 3.9 x 10(6) CFU/g, total and thermotolerant...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Fish; Salmon; Microbiology; Pathogenic bacteria.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822012000400021

Endodontics pastes formulated with copaiba oil: action on oral microbiota and dentin bridge formation in dogs
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Dias,Fernanda Gosuen Gonçalves; Casemiro,Luciana Assirati; Martins,Carlos Henrique Gomes; Dias,Luis Gustavo Gosuen Gonçalves; Pereira,Lucas de Freitas; Nishimura,Lilian Toshiko; Souza,Fabiana Ferreira de; Honsho,Cristiane dos Santos.
This study analysed the effect of pastes formulated with calcium hydroxide P.A. and different vehicles (saline solution - paste A and Copaifera langsdorffii Desfon oil - paste B) on oral microorganisms and dentin bridge formation in dogs. The antimicrobial action of the pastes and their components was analysed by the minimum inhibitory concentration in agar gel technique. The components were diluted and tested on fifteen standard strains of microorganisms associated with endodontic diseases. The microorganisms were cultivated and after incubation data was analysed using One-Way ANOVA and Turkey's test (P≤0.05). Four superior incisors of ten animals were used to evaluate dentin bridge formation. Two incisors were capped with paste A (GA) and two with paste...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Dental pulp capping; Medicinal plants.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782015000601073