Consulta: subjectFacets:"Q15"
Registros recuperados: 262
Data/hora: 11/06/2024 04:09:04

Credit Markets for Small Farms: Role for Institutional Innovations
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pillarisetti,   Satish; Mehrotra,   Nirupam.
Indian agriculture is characterized by the predominance of smallholders. This paper seeks to examine the access of small holders to agriculture credit in the context of financial sector reforms in India in the nineties. It explores the role of institutional and non institutional agencies in extending agriculture credit to the smallholder and the ground realities as revealed by recent data sets. The nineties also saw the unfolding of the largest microfinance programme in the world in India. While this was very successful in bringing micro enterprises under the credit purview, it was unable to cater to the need for agriculture credit. This paper examines the reasons for this and suggests that newer kinds of institutional innovations in the Pilot stage like,...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agriculture credit; Farm Size; Land Economics/Use; Q1; Q15.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52858

Combinatorial optimisation of a large, constrained simulation model: an application of compressed annealing
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Doole,   Graeme J.; Pannell,   David J.
Simulation models are valuable tools in the analysis of complex, highly constrained economic systems unsuitable for solution by mathematical programming. However, model size may hamper the efforts of practitioners to efficiently identify the most valuable configurations. This paper investigates the efficacy of a new metaheuristic procedure, compressed annealing, for the solution of large, constrained systems. This algorithm is used to investigate the value of incorporating a sown annual pasture, French serradella (Ornithopus sativa Brot. cv. Cadiz), between extended cropping sequences in the central wheat belt of Western Australia. Compressed annealing is shown to be a reliable means of considering constraints in complex optimisation problems in...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Combinatorial optimisation; Crop rotation; Simulated annealing; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C63; Q15.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10438

Forest Carbon Sequestration: Some Issues for Forest Investments
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sedjo,   Roger A.
A major problem being faced by human society is that the global temperature is believed to be rising due to human activity that releases carbon dioxide to the atmosphere; i.e., global warming. The major culprit is thought to be fossil fuel burning, which is releasing increasing amounts of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. The problem of increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide can be addressed a number of ways. One of these is forestry and forest management. This paper examines a number of current issues related to mitigating the global warming problem through forestry. First, the overall carbon cycle is described, and the potential impact of forests on the buildup of atmospheric carbon is examined. A major focus is the means by which forests and forest...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Forests; Carbon; Sinks; Sequestration; Forest management; Kyoto Protocol; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q10; Q15; Q21; Q23; Q24.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10571

Economic Comparison of Commodity and Conservation Program Benefits: An Example from the Mississippi Delta
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Anderson,   John D.; Parkhurst,   Gregory M.
Changes to commodity programs in the 2002 Farm Bill increased the value of crop base acreages on which decoupled payments are received.  The bill also expanded the availability of key conservation programs.  This paper compares the value of payments from commodity programs (along with continued crop production) to the easement payment (and recreational lease revenue) available under the Wetland Reserve Program.  A net present value model using risk-adjusted returns is employed in the analysis for Mississippi delta cropland containing rice, cotton, and soybean base.  Sensitivity analysis is conducted on some of the key variables affecting the decision.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Conservation; Countercyclical payment; Direct payment; Net present value; WRP; Q12; Q15; Q18; C15.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43390

Are Agricultural Values a Reliable Guide in Determining Landowners’ Decisions to Create Carbon Forest Sinks?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Shaikh,   Sabina L.; Sun,   Lili; van Kooten,   G. Cornelis.
This research examines the effects of various factors on farmer participation in agricultural tree plantations for economic, environmental, social and carbon-uptake purposes, and potential costs of sequestering carbon through afforestation in western Canada. Using data from a survey of landowners, a discrete choice random utility model is used to determine the probability of landowners’ participation and corresponding mean willingness to accept (WTA) compensation for a tree-planting program. WTA includes positive and negative benefits to landowners from planting trees, benefits not captured by foregone returns from agricultural activities on marginal land. Estimates of WTA are less than foregone returns, but even so average costs of creating carbon credits...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Willingness to accept compensation for tree planting; Afforestation; Climate change; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q15; Q23; Q54.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37017

Valoracion de bienes ambientales complejos: una alternativa multicriterio
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gomez-Limon,   Jose Antonio; Barreiro-Hurlé,   Jesús.
RESUMEN La valoración económica de bienes ambientales complejos presenta una serie de aspectos problemáticos. Este trabajo se centra en dos de ellos: la linealidad de los atributos en función de valor de estos bienes y la heterogeneidad en las funciones de utilidad de los individuos. Para ello se propone una metodología basada en la Teoría de la Utilidad Multiatributo que permite contrastar la importancia dada a estos aspectos. Dicha metodología se aplica a un espacio natural protegido en la provincia de Granada. De los resultados se puede concluir que la no-linealidad de los atributos y la heterogeneidad de las funciones de utilidad individuales son aspectos relevantes en la valoración de bienes ambientales.    ABSTRACT Economic valuation of comlex...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Complex environmental goods; Heterogeneity; Attribute non-lineartiy; Multiattribute utility; Valuation; Bienes ambientales complejos; Heterogeneidad; Linealidad de atributos; Utilidad multiatributo; Valoracion; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q15; Q18; Q25.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7055

REGULATING IRRIGATION VIA BLOCK-RATE PRICING: AN ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bar-Shira,   Ziv; Finkelshtain,   Israel; Simhon,   Avi.
In this paper, we adapt Burtless and Hausman’'s (1978) methodology in order to estimate farmer's’ demand for irrigation water under increasing block-rate tariffs and empirically assess its effect on aggregate demand and inter-farm allocation efficiency.  This methodology overcomes the technical challenges raised by increasing block rate pricing and accounts for both observed and unobserved technological heterogeneity among farmers.  Employing a micro panel data documenting irrigation levels and prices in 185 Israeli agricultural communities in the period 1992-1997 we estimate water demand elasticity at -–0.3 in the short run (the effect of a price change on demand within a year of implementation) and –-0.46 in the long run.  We also find that, in...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Block-Rate Pricing; Irrigation; C13; Q15; Q28; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14982

The Impact of Natural Amenity on Farmland Values: A Quantile Regression Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Uematsu,   Hiroki; Mishra,   Ashok K.
The objective of this study is to estimate the impact of natural amenity on farmland values in the contiguous United States using a quantile regression approach and data from the 2006, 2007, and 2008 Agricultural Resource Management Surveys. The contribution of this study is three-fold. First, we explicitly include variables representing natural amenity and soil characteristics of farmland. Second, we employ a quantile regression approach to examine potentially heterogeneous impacts of natural amenity and soil characteristics at different quantiles of farmland values. Third, we utilized data from a nationwide survey of farm household to examine findings in studies using regional data are consistent at a national scale. Our quantile regression analysis...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Farmland Values; Quantile Regression; Natural Amenity; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; C14; Q15; Q24.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119804

Modelling the Impact of Decoupling on Structural Change in Farming: Integrating Econometric Estimation and Optimisation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hennessy,   Thia C.; Rehman,   Tahir.
Implementation of the Mid Term Review of the Common Agricultural Policy on farming in Europe is expected, and intended, to initiate structural changes in European agriculture. This impact of the agricultural policy reform will be triggered at the farm level with both up- and down-stream effects for agriculture in Europe. Modelling such a phenomenon is challenging. An integrated modelling approach, involving farm level optimisation models and exogenously estimated econometric models of farmer behaviour, is developed for Ireland; this framework is a general one and is applicable elsewhere. Entry and exit from farming, postulated as the main consequences of the policy reform, are estimated exogenously to determine their role in the allocation of farm labour....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Common Agricultural Policy; Decoupling; Farm Level Modelling; Linear Programming; Succession; Labour Allocation; Agricultural and Food Policy; C6; Q12; Q15; Q58.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25271

Institutional Impediments to Groundwater Trading: the case of the Gnangara groundwater system of Western Australia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Skurray,   James H.; Pandit,   Ram; Pannell,   David J.
The development of a market in groundwater usage rights can be inhibited by constraints arising from the institutional context. Such impediments may reduce the potential gains from trade and may generate high transaction costs for prospective traders.  We analyse the regulations and policies influencing groundwater transfers in a case-study area -- the Gnangara groundwater system around Perth, Western Australia -- and identify significant impediments to a groundwater market.  Property rights are found to be conditional, temporary, and vulnerable to amendment. Regulatory approval is required for all transfers. Facilitating infrastructure is lacking, and price information is unavailable. Management area boundaries reflect land ownership and use rather than...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; Political Economy; Public Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q15; Q25; Q28; Q38; Q56; Q57; Q58; D02; R52; H41; H23; H11; D23; D47; D78; H44.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117825

Contracting for Environmental Property Rights: The Case of Vittel
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Depres,   Christophe; Grolleau,   Gilles; Mzoughi,   Naoufel.
Based on an authentic case of contracting for environmental property rights, our paper shows several implications of applying the Coase’s propositions. The case study adds empirical content to basic transaction costs concepts by analyzing the design and implementation of a contractual arrangement between a pollutee –a bottler of mineral water Vittel– and several polluting farmers. We analyze the bargaining between land and water rights owners and the bottler Vittel to determine how transaction cost issues (valuation disputes, bi-lateral monopoly conditions, and third-party effects) were overcome and how they succeeded in contracting for environmental property rights. We provide several comparisons of the Vittel case with other similar cases, leading to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Case study; Contracting; Environmental property rights; Environmental-related transactions; Private arrangement; Vittel; Environmental Economics and Policy; H23; K23; Q15; Q25.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24729

Educação, concentração fundiária e desigualdade de rendimentos no meio rural brasileiro
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ney,   Marlon Gomes; Hoffmann,   Rodolfo.
The paper analyses the effects of rural income determinants, in particular of human capital and physical capital. Besides the earnings equation estimated for persons occupied in agriculture, the paper also analyzes earnings regressions for persons occupied in the industry and service sectors. The results show that physical capital is the main determinant of earnings in Brazilian agriculture, but schooling is the most important determinant of earnings for persons occupied in rural non-farm activities and for all persons living in rural areas.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Income; Human capital; Physical capital; Rural; Brazil.; Agribusiness; Q15; D31.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60818

A Spatial-Intertemporal Model for Tropical Forest Management Applied to Khao Yai National Park, Thailand
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Albers,   Heidi J.
This paper discusses the application of a spatial-intertemporal model for tropical forest management to Khao Yai National Park in Thailand. This type of model, especially the spatial components, finds different optimal land allocations than do traditional models at empirically relevant levels of benefits. The spatial analysis here suggests that most of this park can be best used as a preserved area and also provides support for expanding the park into an adjacent unpopulated area. The analysis demonstrates that the park's benefits to regional agriculture and villagers are large enough that preservation can proceed without international support, and that local people, as a group, have incentives to maintain most of the area as preserved land. Although the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Parks; Protected areas; People-park conflict; Spatial; Biodiversity; Option value; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q2; Q15; O13.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10751

Farmland Conservation in the Netherlands and British Columbia, Canada: A Comparative Analysis Using GIS-Based Hedonic Pricing Models
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cotteleer,   Geerte; Stobbe,   Tracy; van Kooten,   G. Cornelis.
As a result of urban development farmland in many countries is under pressure. Reasons to preserve farmland are related to cultural heritage, food safety, open space, the environment, but also slowing and restricting development is a reason. To protect farmland countries use different land use policies. This paper will look specifically at two jurisdictions: The Netherlands and a particularly rich farming area in British Columbia, Canada. For these areas we will investigate how the institutions and laws present in these jurisdictions contribute to agricultural land preservation. We will analyse farmland values in a GIS-based hedonic pricing framework to answer this question. This combination enables us to analyse direct impacts of laws and regulations...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Hedonic pricing models; Zoning policies; Geographical Information System; Agricultural land values at the urban fringe; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Q10; Q15; R52.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37045

THE AGRICULTURAL POLICY SIMULATOR (AGRIPOLIS) – AN AGENT-BASED MODEL TO STUDY STRUCTURAL CHANGE IN AGRICULTURE (VERSION 1.0)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Happe,   Kathrin; Balmann,   Alfons; Kellermann,   Konrad.
A central criticism common to agricultural economic modelling approaches for policy analy-sis is that they do not adequately take account of a number of characteristic factors of the agri-cultural sector. This concerns aspects like the immobility of land, heterogeneity of farms, in-teractions between farms, space, dynamic adjustment processes as well as dynamics of struc-tural change. In brief, modelling the complexity of the system has not been at the centre of interest. In terms of modelling complex economic systems, an agent-based modelling ap-proach is a suitable approach to quantitatively model and understand such systems in a more natural way. In the same way, this applies to the modelling of agricultural structures. In par-ticular, agent-based...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agent-based systems; Multi-agent systems; Policy analysis; Structural change; Simulation; Agentenbasierte Systeme; Politikanalyse; Dynamische An-passungsprozesse und Strukturwandel. Kurz; Multi-Agentensysteme; Struktur-wandel; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q12; Q15.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14886

Generating Global Crop Distribution Maps: From Census to Grid
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: You,   Liangzhi; Wood,   Stanley; Wood-Sichra,   Ulrike.
In order to evaluate food security, technology potential and the environmental impacts of production in a strategic and regional context, it is critical to have reliable information on the spatial distribution and coincidence of people, agricultural production, and environmental services. This paper proposes a spatial allocation model for generating highly disaggregated, crop-specific production data by a triangulation of any and all relevant background and partial information. This includes national or sub-national crop production statistics, satellite data on land cover, maps of irrigated areas, biophysical crop suitability assessments, population density, secondary data on irrigation and rainfed production systems, cropping intensity, and crop prices....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Global; Cross entropy; Satellite image; Spatial allocation; Agricultural production; Crop suitability; Crop Production/Industries; C6; Q15; Q24.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25737

Landowner response to policies regulating land improvements: lease or search for other options?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Eija,   Pouta; Sami,   Myyra; Kyosti,   Pietola.
Land improvements with long pay-back periods are often delayed on leased agricultural land, resulting in social costs through land degradation, decreased land productivity and environmental problems. An important question is thus how landowners would respond to regulations and mandates concerning land improvements. Based on a landowner survey, we analyse landowner choices under certain land improvement regulations, using the currently dominant choice of leasing land for agricultural use as the benchmark. The results indicated that land leasing will continue to increase in the future, but if the landowner mandate to co-finance costly land improvements is increased, landowners are predicted to respond significantly to these mandates and search for other land...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Contingent behaviour; Latent class model; Landlord; Land use; Heterogeneity; Land Economics/Use; Q15; Q24; Q28.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114770

An Application of Mixed Logit Estimation in the Analysis of Producers’ Stated Preferences
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kipperberg,   Gorm; Bond,   Craig A.; Hoag,   Dana L.
This paper analyzes Colorado Corn producers’ preferences over both private- and environmental public-good production system attributes. Current production practices are characterized by intensive water and chemical use, resulting in non-point source pollution to water bodies as well as soil erosion problems. Data from a stated preference survey are employed to analyze key attributes of experimentally configured irrigation systems, proposed as alternatives to current practices. Panel mixed logit estimations find positive preferences for profit, risk reduction, and, importantly, systems with less environmental impact in terms of nitrate leaching and soil erosion. The results also find presence of significant preference heterogeneity and a complementary...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural production; Profit-maximization; Environment; Mixed logit; Stated preference; Attribute part-worth; Nitrate leaching; Soil erosion; Risk; Crop Production/Industries; C10; D62; Q12; Q15; Q51.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108719

South Dakota Agricultural Land Market Trends 1991-2012
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Janssen,   Larry; Pflueger,   Burton.
Agricultural land values and cash rental rates in South Dakota, by region and by state, are the primary topics of this report. The target audiences for this report are farmers and ranchers, landowners, agricultural professionals (lenders, rural appraisers, professional farm managers), and policy makers interested in agricultural land market trends. This report contains the results of the 2012 SDSU South Dakota Farm Real Estate Market Survey, the 22nd annual SDSU survey developed to estimate agricultural land values and cash rental rates by land use in different regions of South Dakota.
Tipo: Technical Report
Palavras-chave: Ag land; Farmland; Acreage; Cropland; Land ownership; Land use; Land tenure; Ranchland; Rental rates; Cash rent; Land values; Agricultural Finance; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use; Q15.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123843

MCDM Farm System Analysis for Public Management of Irrigated Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gomez-Limon,   Jose Antonio; Berbel,   Julio; Arriaza Balmón,   Manuel.
In this paper we present a methodology within the multi-criteria paradigm to assist policy decision-making on water management for irrigation. In order to predict farmers' response to policy changes a separate multi-attribute utility function for each homogeneous group, attained applying cluster analysis, is elicited. The results of several empirical applications of this methodology suggest an improvement of the ability to simulate farmers' decision-making process compared to other approaches. Once the utility functions are obtained the policy maker can evaluate the differential impacts on each cluster and the overall impacts in the area of study (i.e. a river basin) by aggregation. On the empirical side, the authors present some studies for different...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Multi-attribute utility theory; Water management; Irrigation; Policy analysis; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q25; Q15; C61.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24676

Effects of Socio-Institutional and Emotional Factors of Japanese Farmland Rental Transactions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kunimitsu,   Yoji.
Farmland reallocation between farmers through rental transactions is critical for improving Japanese rice productivity.  This study examined effects of socio-institutional and emotional factors as well as economic factors on rental transactions.  A stochastic choice model was applied to contingent valuation data by considering regional heteroscedasticity.  Empirical results showed (1) existence of economic inefficiencies, 3% loss of economic surplus due to socio-institutional restriction, which is probably reflected in transaction costs; (2) a 15% reduction in surplus due to emotional reluctance of farmers; and (3) strong influences of rice price, wages, and geographical location on the rental rate and agreement level.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Contingent valuation questionnaire; Economic inefficiency; Regional heteroscedasticity; Rental agreement level; Rental rate; Stochastic choice model; Crop Production/Industries; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; C25; D44; Q12; Q15; Q38; R58.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43747

Contract Duration and the Division of Labor in Agricultural Land Leases
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yoder,   Jonathan K.; Hossain,   Ishrat; Epplin,   Francis M.; Doye,   Damona G.
Short-term contracts provide weak incentives for durable input investment if post-contract asset transfer is difficult. Our model shows that when both agents provide inputs, optimal contract length balances weak incentives of one agent against the other. This perspective broadens the existing contract duration literature, which emphasizes the tradeoff between risk sharing and contract costs. We develop hypotheses and test them based on private grazing contracts from the Southern Great Plains. We find broad support for the implications of our model. For example, landowners provide durable land-specific inputs more often under annual versus multiyear contracts.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Land lease contracts; Moral hazard; Contract duration; Division of labor; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; J43; L23; Q15.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12962

Conservation Programs: Will Grain Production Reclaim Acres in the South?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Petrolia,   Daniel R.; Ibendahl,   Gregory A.
A state-level analysis of the Re-enrollment and Extension (REX) program on southern states indicates a positive relationship between percentage of tree acreage and Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) re-enrollment for states in which conservation acreage is dominated by trees. However, the relationship depends on crop mix where CRP acreage is dominated by grass. County-level analysis suggests that states will differ in how quickly they opt out of CRP. Of the states examined, Arkansas is the most likely to move land to corn, with Mississippi the least likely. Arkansas and Kentucky will switch to soybean first, followed by Mississippi and Georgia.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Conservation Reserve Program (CRP); Corn; Land use change; Re-enrollment and Extension Program (REX); Soybean; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Q15; Q18; Q21; Q24.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47197

Slippage Effects of the Conservation Reserve Program: New Evidence from Satellite Imagery
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fleming,   David A.
The Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) is the largest land retirement program ever operated in the US. Since its inception in 1985, many researchers have studied the impacts of this program; however, only a few have analyzed how the CRP affects surrounding non–enrolled parcels. In this research I examine how the CRP may affect the conversion of non–cropped land to agriculture, a phenomenon referred to as “slippage” in the literature, and specifically addressed by Wu (2000) and Roberts and Bucholtz (2005). Building on these earlier studies, I empirically model slippage using data derived from satellite imagery that provides information on land cover changes between 1992 and 2001. The study area consists of 1,053 counties located in the Northern Plains, Corn...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: CRP; Land use change; Satellite imagery; Slippage effect; Agricultural and Food Policy; Land Economics/Use; Q15; Q24.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61394

Impacts of Land Rental Markets on Rural Poverty in Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jin,   Songqing; Jayne,   Thomas S.
This study uses panel data from 1,142 Kenya smallholder households over four survey periods to examine the determinants of participation in land rental markets and to quantify the impact of renting land on households’ crop income and total income. We find that land rental markets in Kenya enhance productivity and are equitable. The results are consistent across different estimation methods and model specifications. Dynamic panel models were used to assess the impact of rental participation on households’ crop income and total income.  After controlling for the endogeneity of rental market participation and the persistent effects of lagged income, we find that the decision to rent land increased tenant households’ net crop (net total) income by 25.1 (6.6)...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land rental market; Kenya; Income; Poverty; Dynamic model; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; Land Economics/Use; O12; Q13; Q12; Q15.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103907

PRESSURE FACTORS AFFECTING LOMBARDY AGRICULTURAL SYSTEM: THE ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES OF THE FISCHLER REFORM
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bulgheroni,   Claudia; Sali,   Guido.
This paper presents a regional model, based on Positive Mathematical Programming, which aims to evaluate the consequences of Fischler reform on the agricultural sector of the Lombardy irrigated lowland (Northern Italy). The model main focus is to quantify the agricultural land use changes due to the farmers reaction to the CAP reform main issues, such as single payment, and to simulate possible scenarios for the future. The model takes into account also the Water Frame Directive principles, in order to combine the assessment of both CAP issues and the potential irrigation water supplies reduction, which could deeply affect the area. The model input are obtained by means of the integration between FADN and SIARL (Agricultural Information System of Lombardy...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: CAP modelling; Fischler Reform; Positive Mathematical Programming; Regional model; Water Frame Directive; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q18; Q15; C61.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44827

Setting Permit Prices in a Transferable Discharge Permit (TDP) System for Water Quality Management
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Collentine,   Dennis.
The composite market design is a proposal for a Transferable Discharge Permit (TDP) system which specifically includes agricultural non-point source (NPS) dischargers and addresses both property rights and transaction cost problems. The first step to implementation of a composite market scheme is the estimation of a supply curve for abatement measures in the catchment area. Estimation is performed by combining costs with modeled loss reductions from selected Best Management Practices (BMPs) and then using this information to estimate the supply curve for abatement which in turn can then be used to set permit prices. The Ronnea catchment in southern Sweden is used as a pilot study area for making this type of estimate. Costs for existing measures that...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Tradable permits; Catchment management; NPS; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q15; Q25.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24452

Optimal Share Contracts under Theft
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: de Janvry,   Alain; Sadoulet,   Elisabeth.
Temptation for tenants to under-report output levels under share contracts is undoubtedly high. There is evidence that theft of product occurs and that this affects the design of share contracts. In this case, the optimal output share is chosen to not only induce effort but also to reduce theft of product, while meeting the landlord's limited liability obligation. The tenant's share thus rises with his desire and ability to steal. The optimal contract allows both residual inefficiency in the provision of effort and residual cheating. This contract is also modified by process utility in cheating, ability of the landlord to supervise, risk of revenge with abusive surveillance, and switch to products less prone to theft.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Sharecropping; Cheating; Agrarian contract; Farm Management; Labor and Human Capital; D82; Q15; O17.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25119

Development, Testing and Application of ACRE: An Agro-Economic Production Model on Regional Level
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Henseler,   Martin; Wirsig,   Alexander; Krimly,   Tatjana.
ACRE is an Agro-eConomic model for agricultural pRoduction on rEgional level. Based on an extension of Positive Mathematical Programming (PMP) this model was developed as a decision tool for politics with respect to questions of global change scenarios. The validity of the theoretical approach as well as the algorithms has been tested by calculations with empirical data. Currently, ACRE is applied in large interdisciplinary projects. This paper introduces the development of ACRE, from the theoretical framework to testing its validity and current application.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Mathematical programming; Variant-activity; Regional model; Agricultural production model; Interdisciplinary projects; Agribusiness; C61; Q15; E23; Q21.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24770

What Drives Land-Use Change in the United States? A National Analysis of Landowner Decisions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lubowski,   Ruben N.; Plantinga,   Andrew J.; Stavins,   Robert N.
Land-use changes involve important economic and environmental effects with implications for international trade, global climate change, wildlife, and other policy issues. We use an econometric model to identify factors driving land-use change in the United States between 1982 and 1997. We quantify the effects of net returns to alternative land uses on private landowners’ decisions to allocate land among six major uses, drawing on detailed micro-data on land use and land quality that are comprehensive of the contiguous U.S. This analysis provides the first evidence of the relative historical importance of markets and Federal farm policies affecting land-use changes nationally.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Land Use; Land-Use Change; Econometric Analysis; Simulations; Land Economics/Use; O51; Q15.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44534

Agri-Environmental Program Compliance in a Heterogeneous Landscape
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lankoski,   Jussi E.; Lichtenberg,   Erik; Ollikainen,   Markku.
Heterogeneity of agricultural landscapes may necessitate the use of spatially targeted instrument combinations to implement the social optimum.  But compliance with these policies may require costly enforcement.  This paper examines the design of agri-environmental policies featuring two of the most commonly used instruments, reductions in fertilizer application rates and installation of riparian buffers.  While compliance with buffer strip requirements is verifiable at negligible cost, fertilizer application is only verifiable through costly monitoring.  We derive optimal subsidies for fertilizer reduction and buffer strip set-asides and enforcement strategies for the cases of low and excessive monitoring costs.  An empirical simulation model suggests...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Nutrient runoff; Monitoring; Enforcement; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q15; Q18; H23.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37797

The Effect of Climate Change on Transportation Flows and Inland Waterways Due to Climate-Induced Shifts in Crop Production Patterns
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Attavanich,   Witsanu; McCarl,   Bruce A.; Fuller,   Stephen W.; Vedenov,   Dmitry V.; Ahmedov,   Zafarbek.
This study was funded by the the University Transportation Center for Mobility, Texas Transportation Institute
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Grain Transportation; Climate change and agriculture; Climate change and transportation; Land use change; Supply of grain; Demand for grain; Crop production patterns; Inland waterways; Mississippi River Basin; Climate change adaptation; Welfare distribution; Corn transportation; Soybeans transportation; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Relations/Trade; Land Economics/Use; C61; L91; L92; Q15; Q17; Q54; R14; R41; R13.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109241

DETERMINANTS OF AGRICULTURAL LAND ABANDONMENT IN POST-SOVIET EUROPEAN RUSSIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Prishchepov,   Alexander V.; Radeloff,   Volker C.; Muller,   Daniel; Dubinin,   Maxim; Baumann,   Matthias.
Socio-economic and institutional changes may accelerate land-use and land-cover change. Our goal was to explore the determinants of agricultural land abandonment within one agro-climatic and economic region of post-Soviet European Russia during the first decade of transition from a state-command to market-driven economy (between 1990 and 2000). We integrated maps of abandoned agricultural land derived from 30 m resolution Landsat TM/ETM+ images, environmental and socioeconomic variables and estimated logistic regressions. Results showed that post-Soviet agricultural land abandonment was significantly associated with lower average grain yields in the late 1980s, higher distance from the populated places, areas with low population densities, for isolated...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural land abandonment; Institutional change; Land use change; Spatial analysis; Logistic regression; Remote sensing; Russia; Agribusiness; Q15.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/115363

Valutazione tecnico-economica delle potenzialità di riutilizzo irriguo dei reflui depurati: il caso della Valpadana
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zucaro,   Raffaella; Rago,   C.; Vollaro,   Michele.
Gli effetti dei cambiamenti climatici (CC), sebbene soltanto vagamente ipotizzati qualche decennio fa, hanno cominciato a manifestarsi negli ultimi anni facendo emergere la vulnerabilità soprattutto del settore agricolo. Mentre le indicazioni politiche internazionali promuovono azioni congiunte di lungo periodo volte all’adozione di misure di mitigazione dei CC (riduzione dei gas serra), non sono ancora state chiaramente definite efficaci misure di adattamento di breve periodo, soprattutto per le problematiche connesse alla scarsità idrica. Questo lavoro contribuisce al dibattito in corso sulla politica di adattamento ai CC nel settore agricolo italiano nel contesto sia della pianificazione della Politica Agricola Comune nel periodo 2014-2020 sia...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cambiamento climatico; Scarsità idrica; Stabilità dei mercati agricoli; Analisi multicriteriale; Analisi costi-benefici; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q15; Q18; Q25; Q34; Q38; Q51; R52.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124115

Can virtual water 'trade' reduce water scarcity in semi-arid countries? The case of Spain
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Garrido,   Alberto; Novo,   Paula; Rodriguez Casado,   Roberto; Varela-Ortega,   Consuelo.
Agricultural trade is by far the largest vehicle to ‘move’ water virtually around the world. Observing that most countries import and export water embedded in the exchanged products, the objective of this study is to assess the virtual water ‘trade’ in Spain for the period 1997-2006. We differentiate between the green and blue components of virtual water from a hydrological and economic perspective. The combination of spatial and time dimensions offers a unique empirical setting to determine whether virtual water ‘trade’ can contribute to reduce water scarcity. The study reveals that Spain is a net ‘importer’ of virtual water. By far the largest virtual water ‘imports’ are linked to cereals and animal feed products whilst the virtual water ‘exports’ are...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Virtual water ‘trade’; Farm trade; Water scarcity; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Q15; Q17; Q25; Q27; Q56.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51048

The Law and Economics of Habitat Conservation: Lessons from an Analysis of Easement Acquisitions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Boyd,   James; Caballero,   Kathryn; Simpson,   R. David.
There is a growing interest in incentive-based policies to motivate conservation by landowners. These policies include full- and partial-interest land purchases, tax-based incentives, and tradable or bankable development rights. Using legal and economic analysis, the paper explores potential pitfalls associated with the use of such policies. Incentive-based policies promise to improve the cost effectiveness of habitat preservation, but only if long-run implementation issues are meaningfully addressed. While we compare conservation policies, particular attention is devoted to the use of conservation easements and in particular a set of easement contracts and transactions in the state of Florida. The easement analysis highlights the importance of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Habitat conservation; Conservation easements; Land use policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q15; K11; R52.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10587

The Analysis of Property Transformation Process in Polish Agriculture in the Years 1990-2004
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Baum,   Rafal.
The objective of the study was the attempt of estimation of the State Farms (PGR) evaluation. After the investigations of dominant trends in public agriculture, the property transformations in Polish agriculture were analyzed in macroeconomic conditions with regard to a number of indicators described new-instituted agricultural enterprises. In the study author has taken into account the principal data relating to the scale of the property transformation, like number of public sector farms, area of agricultural land in public sector, area of lands which has been sold and rent by State.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land ownership and tenure; Property transformations; Land Economics/Use; Q15.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24619

The dimensions of social capital and rural development: evidence from Water Communities in the Republic of Macedonia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gorton,   Matthew; Sauer,   Johannes; Peshevski,   Mile; Bosev,   Dane; Shekerinov,   Darko; Quarrie,   Steve.
Drawing on Nahapiet and Ghoshal's (1998) distinction between the structural, relational, and cognitive dimensions of social capital, this paper analyses the performance of Water Communities (WCs) in the Bregalnica region of the Republic of Macedonia. WCs are farmer-managed local irrigation systems which are critical to livelihoods in Bregalnica. Data on the performance of the WCs and role of social capital was collected via in-depth interviews and a farm survey (n=249) of both members and non-members. Results highlight the importance of social capital in explaining the decision to join a WC, the satisfaction of members with their WC, and payment behaviour.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Social capital; Rural development; Irrigation; Rural development; Community/Rural/Urban Development; O13; P32; Q15.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94916

Development of private insurance schemes as a means to reduce water overexploitation during drought events. A case study in Campo de Cartagena (Segura River Basin, Spain)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Perez Blanco,   Carlos Dionisio; Gomez Gomez,   Carlos Mario.
Water is a key input in the production of many goods and services and under certain conditions can become a critical limiting factor with significant impacts on regional development. This is the case of many agricultural European Mediterranean basins, where water deficit during drought events is partially covered by illegal abstractions, mostly from aquifers, which are tolerated by the authorities. Groundwater overexploitation for irrigation has created in these areas an unprecedented environmental catastrophe that threatens ecosystems sustainability, urban water supply and the current model of development. Market-based drought insurance systems have the potential to introduce the necessary incentives to reduce overexploitation during drought events and...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Drought insurance; Stochastic models; Groundwater; Agriculture; Risk and Uncertainty; Q15; Q18; Q25; Q51; Q58.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122453

MODELING ECOLOGICAL CONSTRAINTS ON TROPICAL  FOREST MANAGEMENT: COMMENT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Barrett,   Christopher B.; Batabyal,   Amitrajeet A.
We comment on four aspects of Albers' [1] model of ecological constraints on tropical forest management. Albers structures her model in a highly asymmetric manner, with strong, uniform biases against development and in favor of preservation. Despite Albers' repeated claims that her model is "complete" and that it has significant implications for tropical forest management, we contend instead that the results of a truly general, empirically defensible model are inherently ambiguous. Spatial and intertemporal dimensions clearly matter, but they do not point as neatly in favor of preservation as Albers would have us believe.  Note:  Forthcoming in Journal of Environmental Economics and Management
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Forest; Interdependence; Irreversibility; Management; Uncertainty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; D81; Q15; Q23.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28371

Agricultural Development in Traditional Asian Economies: Observations Prompted by a Livestock Study in Vietnam
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.
China began its economic reforms in 1979 and Vietnam followed in 1986. Since then both countries have experienced rapid economic growth, falling poverty rates and significant rises in per capita income. At the same time, substantial restructuring of their economies has occurred, a feature of which has been a decline in the relative contribution of agriculture to total employment and output. These changes are outlined. Significant changes have also occurred in the agricultural sectors of China and Vietnam and these are reviewed. In both countries, the livestock sector has grown in relative importance. Households are the main contributors to agricultural production but their individual holdings of land are small and households keeping livestock mostly only...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural development; Asia; China; Economic transition; Farm employment; Land reforms; Land rights; Livestock; Non-farm employment; Structural change; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; Livestock Production/Industries; Q10; Q15; Q18; O2.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90629

Parametric and Non-Parametric Estimation of Soil Conservation Impact on Productivity in the Northwestern Ethiopian Highlands
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kassie,   Menale; Holden,   Stein T.
The impact of fanya juu bunds on productivity in a high rainfall area in the Ethiopian highlands is analyzed based on data from a cross section household survey with multiple plot observations per household. The results from parametric and non-parametric analysis indicated that productivity from conserved plots was lower than from non-conserved plots. The Oaxaca-Blinder productivity decomposition results showed that there was little difference in plot characteristics between conserved and non-conserved plots, however the returns to those characteristics were higher for non-conserved plots. The sensitivity analysis, increasing fodder grass production on bunds, suggests that there are possibilities to make conserved plots as productive as non-conserved ones....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Yield decomposition; Soil conservation; Switching regression; Stochastic dominance analysis; Matching methods; Land Economics/Use; Productivity Analysis; C21; C23; Q12; Q15; Q16.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25281

PANEL ESTIMATION OF WATER DEMAND BASED ON AN EPISODE OF RATE REFORM
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Moreno,   Georgina; Sunding,   David L.; Schoengold,   Karina.
Agriculture is by far the dominant user of water in the western United States and in nearly all arid regions of the planet. Despite this fact and despite a growing push to rely on price mechanisms for rationalizing water allocation, there are few econometric studies of agricultural water demand that measure its responsiveness to price. Using a unique panel data set of water use at a disaggregated level, this paper estimates the parameters of an agricultural water demand function. The approach incorporates the notion of “"jointness"” in the farm production function, which postulates that producers choose inputs, outputs and technology simultaneously. Estimation results indicate that the own-price elasticity of water use is in the range [-0.415, -0.275],...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Input demand estimation; Water resources; Conservation technology; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; C33; Q12; Q15.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20342

GHG Mitigation Policies in Livestock Sectors:  Competitiveness, Emission Leakage and Food Security
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Golub,   Alla A.; Henderson,   Benjamin B.; Hertel,   Thomas W.
Recent research on livestock’s role in climate change has raised awareness about contribution that livestock climate policies can make to global mitigation efforts, and has increased the likelihood that mitigation policies will eventually be imposed on the sector. This study investigates effects of GHG mitigation policies on livestock sectors emissions and production by regional sector under a range of global mitigation polices that are broadly aligned with the different responsibilities of developed and developing countries under the UNFCCC. The study also examines emission leakage effects, impacts on food security in developing countries, and the implications of large informal livestock sectors in regions such as Sub Saharan Africa.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; C68; Q15; Q54.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103425

The Impact of Agriculture on Waterfowl Abundance: Evidence from Panel Data
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wong,   Linda; van Kooten,   G. Cornelis; Clarke,   Judith A.
Agricultural expansion and intensification in Canada’s Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) have contributed to declining waterfowl populations since the 1970s. Although this region represents a mere 10% of North America’s waterfowl breeding habitat, it produces over 50% of the continent’s duck population and roughly 60% of Canada’s agricultural output. Thus, intense competition exists between private economic interests and public benefits in the PPR. To better understand the conflict between agricultural and wildlife uses of land, panel methods are used to examine the spatiotemporal variation of waterfowl populations and agricultural land use intensity in the PPR from 1961-2006. For the main static model, we find that a one percent increase in cropland or pasture...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Wetlands protection; Spatial econometrics; GIS; Land use conflict; Migratory waterfowl; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q57; C33; Q15; Q24.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98422

Increasing Profitability of Small Scale Orchard Producers through Optimizing Replacement Rate: The Case Study of Ghana
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mahrizal; Nalley,   Lawton Lanier; Dixon,   Bruce L.; Popp,   Jennie S. Hughes.
This study sets out to empirically estimate the optimum annual replacement rate and age of cocoa trees in order to maximize the net present value of four common cocoa production systems. The study examines the costs and returns of four common cocoa production systems in Ghana associated with changes in cocoa prices, fertilizer prices, inflation rates, and labor prices. While this study focuses on cocoa, the methodology is applicable to any perennial crop. This study uses empirical yield curves and cost of production data from Ghana to determine when and what percentage of a cocoa orchard should be replaced annually to maximize net present value of revenues over time. Successive versions of the model are solved to determine how input and output price...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cocoa; Replacement Rate; Net Present Value (NPV); Production Economics; Q01; Q15; Q32.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119777

Rice Ecosystems and Factors Affecting Varietal Adoption in Rainfed Coastal Orissa: A Multivariate Probit Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Samal,   Parshuram; Pandey,   Sushil; Kumar,   G.A.K.; Barah,   B.C.
Research Notes
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Hydrology; Coastal Orissa; Rice; Probit analysis; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q15; Q16.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109515

Mentorship Alliance between South African Farmers: Implication for Sustainable Agriculture Sector Reform
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Femi,   Olubode-Awosola; van Schalkwyk,   Herman D.
South Africa's agricultural sector is characterized by a skewed participation of the population. There are vastly white commercial farmers and black subsistence farmers. This is attributed to the past government's intervention in the economy, which lead to exclusion of and discrimination against the blacks regarding access to land. The new government is committed to redressing this imbalance through agricultural reform and development strategies namely land, agrarian, trade and market reforms. One of the government's primary policy thrusts is to provide access to agricultural land for people not adequately represented in the agricultural sector. However, the government lacks sufficient resources to provide land and support services to the farmers been...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: E6; O1; Q15; P0; L12; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25725

The non-permanence of optimal soil carbon sequestration
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hediger,   Werner.
Carbon sequestration in agricultural soils is considered as an option of greenhouse gas mitigation in many countries. But, the economic potential is limited by the dynamic process of saturation and the opportunity cost of land use change. In addition, this article shows that permanence cannot, in general, be achieved in the strict sense of maintaining the soil carbon stock on an increased equilibrium level. Rather, a cyclical pattern with periodical release of sequestered carbon can be economically optimal from both the farmers’ and societal point of view.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Climate policy; Carbon sequestration; Land use change; Economic analysis.; Land Economics/Use; Q15; Q24; Q54.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51057

Estimation of Efficiency, Sustainability and Constraints in SRI (System of Rice Intensification) vis-a-vis Traditional Methods of Paddy Cultivation in North Coastal Zone of Andhra Pradesh
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rao,   I.V.Y. Rama.
The study has assessed the economics and sustainability of SRI (system of rice intensification) and traditional methods of paddy cultivation in North Coastal Zone of Andhra Pradesh for the period 2008-09, based on the data of costs and returns of crop. Apart from budgeting techniques, benefit-cost ratio (BCR), yield gap analysis, sustainability index and response priority index have been employed in the study. It has shown that BCR is higher for SRI (1.76) than traditional (1.25) methods. Further, there is a 31 per cent yield gap between SRI and traditional methods, in which cultural practices (20.15%) have shown a stronger effect than input use (10.85%). The most important constraint in SRI cultivation has been identified as ‘nursery management’. The SRI...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Paddy cultivation; Sustainability index; Nursery management; System of rice intensification; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q13; Q15; Q16.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119410

Planificacion multicriterio de explotaciones agrarias en areas tropicales protegidas. El caso de la zona protectora Guanare-Masparro (Venezuela)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Flores,   Jose; Gomez-Limon,   Jose Antonio.
La presente investigación tiene como objetivo principal el desarrollo de una propuesta metodológica de planificación multicriterio con el fin de optimizar el uso de la tierra con fines agrarios en áreas protegidas tropicales. Para ello se han empleado las técnicas del Proceso Analítico Jerárquico (AHP) y la programación compromiso (PC), considerado objetivos de carácter económico, ambiental y social. La aplicación empírica desarrollada se ha centrado en un área protegida de Venezuela con tradicional vocación agraria. Los resultados de la planificación evidencia la existencia de importantes conflictos entre los objetivos planteados, así como la necesidad de la intervención pública para lograr un desempeño del sector agrario en concordancia con las...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural planning; Protected areas; Analytic hierarchy process; Compromise programming; Venezuela; Agribusiness; Q25; Q15; C61.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/8002

Impact of Risk and Time Preferences on Responses to Forest Tenure Land Reform:  Empirical Evidence from Fujian, China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sullivan,   Karen A.; Uchida,   Emi; Xu,   Jintao.
This research examines the effect of risk and time preferences on forest management responses to forest tenure land reforms in Fujian, China that began in 2002. The different extent of the reform and its different timing across regions provide a natural experiment to test how time and risk preferences affect a households’ forest investment response to the reform. Empirically, we combine original field experiment data on time and risk preferences collected among 103 households with an original panel survey data set collected among the same 103 households, which contains data for three years: 2000 (before the reform), 2005 and 2008 (after the reform) in a difference-in-differences framework. We examine three measures of forest management activity, including:...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Tenure reform; Property rights; Risk preference; Time preference; Poverty; China; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Risk and Uncertainty; Q2; D8; D9; D13; J22; Q15.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61536

Challenges and Opportunities for Water of the Rio Grande
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rister,   M. Edward; Sturdivant,   Allen W.; Lacewell,   Ronald D.; Michelsen,   Ari M.
The Rio Grande has headwaters in Colorado, flows through New Mexico, and serves as the United States.–Mexico border in Texas, emptying into the Gulf of Mexico. Snow melt in Colorado and northern New Mexico constitutes the water river supply for New Mexico and the El Paso region, whereas summer monsoonal flow from the Rio Conchos in Mexico and tributaries, including the Pecos River, provides the Rio Grande flow for southern Texas. The region is mostly semiarid with frequent long-term drought periods but is also characterized by a substantial irrigated agriculture sector and a rapidly growing population. International treaties and interstate compacts provide the rules for allocation of Rio Grande waters between the United States and Mexico and among...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Agricultural economics; Conservation; Irrigation; Natural resources; Renewable resources; Resources; Water; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q5; Q15; Q20; Q25; Q28.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113529

Land Use Implications of Expanding Biofuel Demand
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dicks,   Michael R.; Campiche,   Jody L.; Torre Ugarte,   Daniel de la; Hellwinckel,   Chad M.; Bryant,   Henry L.; Richardson,   James W.
The Renewable Fuel Standard mandates in the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 will require 36 billion gallons of ethanol to be produced in 2022. The mandates require that 16 of the 36 billion gallons must be produced from cellulosic feedstocks. The potential land use implications resulting from these mandates were examined using two methods, the POLYSYS model and a general equilibrium model. Results of the POLYSYS analysis indicated that 72.1 million tons of corn stover, 23.5 million tons of wheat straw, and 24.7 million acres would be used to produce 109 million tons of switchgrass in 2025 to meet the mandate. Results of the CGE analysis indicated that 10.9 billion bushels of corn grain, 71 million tons of corn stover, and 56,200 tons of...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Cellulosic ethanol; Corn stover; Grain ethanol; Renewable fuel standard; Switchgrass; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q15; Q42.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53091

Natural Protection from International Competition in the Livestock Industry: Analysis, Examples and Vietnam's Pork Market as a Case
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.; Lapar,   Ma. Lucila A.; Staal,   Steven J.; Que,   Nguyen Ngoc.
In some countries, local agricultural products (particularly livestock products) are shielded from international competition by ‘natural’ factors influencing the purchase of products. These factors include strong local tastes (or preferences) that favour the local product and the absence (or relative absence) of complementary retail outlets or home appliances suitable for storing and preparing potential imported substitutes. The desire for fresh meat rather than chilled or frozen meat, the absence or limited accessibility of supermarket outlets and limited refrigeration possibilities in homes can limit imports into developed countries of meat supplied by developed countries. From consumer’s perspectives these fresh or raw products are significantly...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural policies; Asia; Economies of scale; Farm sizes; Household agriculture; Industrial agriculture; Pigs; Vietnam; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; Q1; Q11; Q12; Q15; Q18.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90628

HEDONIC PRICE FUNCTIONS: GUIDANCE ON EMPIRICAL SPECIFICATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kuminoff,   Nicolai V.; Parmeter,   Christopher F.; Pope,   Jaren C.
The hedonic pricing model is widely accepted as a method for estimating the marginal willingness to pay for spatially delineated amenities. Empirical applications typically rely on one of three functional forms—linear, semi-log, and double-log—and rarely involve rigorous specification testing. This phenomenon is largely due to an influential simulation study by Cropper, Deck and McConnell (CDM) (1988) that found, among other things, that simpler linear specifications outperformed more flexible functional forms in the face of omitted variables. In the 20 years that have elapsed since their study, there have been major computational advances and significant changes in the way hedonic price functions can be estimated. The purpose of our paper is to update and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Hedonic; Functional Form; Monte Carlo Simulation; Property Value Model; Demand and Price Analysis; Land Economics/Use; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q15; Q51; Q53; C15; R52.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6555

Land Use Consequences of Crop Insurance Subsidies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Miao,   Ruiqing; Feng,   Hongli; Hennessy,   David A.
There have long been concerns that federal crop insurance subsidies may significantly impact land use decisions. It is well known that classical insurance market information asymmetry problems can lead to a social excess of risky land entering crop production. Our conceptual model shows that the problem will arise absent any information failures. This is because the subsidy is i) proportional to acres planted, and ii) greatest for the most production risky land. Using farm-level data, we follow this observation through to establish the implications of subsidies for the extent of crop production, with particular emphasis on U.S. regions where the cropland growth is likely to have marked adverse environmental impacts. Simulation results show that when...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Crop insurance; Land use; Crop yields; Yield risk measurement; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Land Economics/Use; Q15; Q18; Q24.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103891

Which parameters determine farm development in Germany?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Roder,   Norbert; Kilian,   Stefan.
In 2005, Germany implemented the Single Payment Scheme which lead to the conversion of direct payments into tradable, production decoupled, single farm payments. The transition from coupled to decoupled support instruments may impact the rate of structural change. The rate of structural change may accelerate since farms with a high share of income derived from CAP payments will abandon farming and lease their land. However, there are also good reasons why the rate of structural change might decrease especially if farmers do not behave as profit maximizers. In Germany agricultural land use is very heterogeneous with respect to management orientation and productivity even at local level. Most of the concerns related to structural change and development of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Structural change; Data mining; Fischler Reform; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q16; Q15; R14.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44788

Land Transactions in the North of Vietnam: A Modelling Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Van Hung,   Pham; MacAulay,   T. Gordon.
The use of mathematical models to describe the interactions of variables is useful in modern management. In this paper, a 'mixed' model combining the knapsack problem, a household model and a form of spatial equilibrium model into a modelling framework is developed. The impacts of changes in off-farm wage rates, transaction costs in the rental market, the output prices of paddy crops, and land transactions were examined in the model. The simulation has led to the conclusion that the real benefits to farm households from land consolidation may not be apparent until the real opportunity cost of farm labour begins to rise. In addition, a reform policy in the administrative sector which encourages, not only the process of land accumulation and the rental...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land transactions; Modelling; Knapsack problem; Vietnam; Land Economics/Use; C6; Q15; Q24.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25601

Fallstudie zur Wirkung der Ausgleichszulage  im Landkreis Vogelsberg (Hessen)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Daub,   Regina.
Zusammenfassung: Ziel dieser Fallstudie im Landkreis Vogelsberg in Hessen ist es, die Wirkung der Ausgleichszulage auf verschiedene Bereiche der Landwirtschaft und des ländlichen Raumes in einem „typischen“ benachteiligten Gebiet vertieft zu untersuchen. Dazu wurden vorhandene Statistiken, relevante Literatur und die Daten des Testbetriebsnetzes ausgewertet sowie Befragungen mit Landwirten und Experten durchgeführt. Anhand einer schriftlichen Befragung von Beratern aus strukturell ähnlichen Landkreisen wurde die Übertragbarkeit der Fallstudienergebnisse geprüft und alle Ergebnisse wurden anschließend auf einem Workshop mit den für die Ausgleichszulage zuständigen Fachreferenten der und des Bundes diskutiert. Ergebnis der Fallstudie war, dass zum Zeitpunkt...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Benachteiligte Gebiete; Ausgleichzulage; Fallstudie; Less favoured areas; Compensatory allowance; Case study; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use; P25; Q15; Q18.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/104608

Explaining Variation in Farm and Farm Business Performance in Respect to Farmer Segmentation Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wilson,   Paul; Harper,   Nicholas; Darling,   Richard.
Results from a pilot application of Defra’s segmentation model applied to the Farm Business Survey for England are presented. Interviews with 750 FBS co-operators during 2010, using a discursive approach, classified co-operators into one of five segmentation groups: Custodians (14.0%); Lifestyle Choice (7.2%); Pragmatists (53.3%); Modern Family Business (21.1%); Challenged Enterprises (4.4%). On average, Modern Family Businesses operated the largest land area, achieved the greatest farm financial (and agricultural) output, and Farm Business Income (FBI), whilst the Lifestyle Choice segment returned the lowest average FBI. Variation in regional tendencies across the segmentation groups was observed, with variation also noted for forms of business, LFA and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Behaviour; Segmentation; Income; Output; Agriculture; Farm Management; D22; Q12; Q14; Q15; Q16; R52.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108783

The Impact of Decoupled Payments on the Cost of Operating Capital
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kropp,   Jaclyn D.; Whitaker,   James B.
We estimate the impact of direct payments under the 2002 Farm Act on the credit terms of farm operators, specifically the interest rate on short-term operating loans.  In the analysis, we control for farm financial characteristic, farm operator characteristics, and other factors.  Using data from the Agricultural Resource Management Survey (ARMS) for the year 2007, we show that as the proportion of base acres to total operated acres increases, interest rates decline by a small but statistically significant amount.  This implies that direct payments lead to lower operating costs through better credit terms.  Lower operating costs may in turn allow some farmers to produce on land that would otherwise be unprofitable to operate.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Decoupled payments; Credit rationing; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; International Relations/Trade; Q15; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49311

Agricultural land management strategies to reduce phosphorus loads in the Gippsland Lakes, Australia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Roberts,   Anna M.; Pannell,   David J.; Doole,   Graeme J.; Vigiak,   Olga.
A target to reduce phosphorus flows into the Gippsland Lakes in south-eastern Australia by 40 per cent to improve water quality has previously been established by stakeholders. An integrated analysis at the catchment scale is undertaken to assess the agricultural land management changes required to achieve this target, and to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of these changes. It appears technically feasible to achieve a 40 per cent reduction in P load entering the lakes, but the least-costly way of doing so would require around A$1 billion over 20 years, a dramatic increase in the current levels of funding provided for management. On the other hand, a 20 per cent P reduction could be achieved at much lower cost: around $80 million over 20 years and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Benefit: cost analysis; Dairy; Diffuse source; Trade-offs; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q15; Q25; Q53; Q57.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/102454

Cross Compliance: what about compliance?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Stefani,   Gianluca; Giudicissi,   Eufrasia.
We reviewed some moral hazard (MH) models applied to agri-environmental policies and identified the main methodological aspects of the literature on this topics. Imperfect vs incomplete monitoring , static vs dynamic and single vs multiple agents models are the main lines along which the literature has been organised analysing each component of a MH model. Most papers point out the role of farmers' risk aversion in mitigating MH. Others highlight that the observed high rate of compliance is still somewhat paradoxical given current enforcement strategies with low fines and monitoring levels. Cross compliance confirm these findings and urges further studies on dynamic models and farmers' non profit maximising behaviour.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cross-compliance; Moral Hazard; Enforcement; Agri-environmental schemes; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q15; Q58; D82.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99597

The Survival of Small-scale Agricultural Producers in Asia, particularly Vietnam: General Issues Illustrated by Vietnam's Agricultural Sector, especially its Pig Production
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.
Economic growth in more developed countries has resulted in farms increasing their scale of production and becoming more specialized in their production. The sizes of farms have tended to increase, agricultural production has become more capital-intensive, and the percentage of the workforce employed in agriculture has shown a falling trend. This process has been brought about by the operation of market systems and has reduced the number of small-scale agricultural producers. Asia still has a huge number of small-scale agricultural producers. As Asian countries experience economic growth and as market systems become more established in Asia, the survival of Asia’s small-scale agricultural producers is likely to be threatened. Since these producers are...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural policies; Asia; Economies of scale; Farm sizes; Household agriculture; Industrial agriculture; Pigs; Vietnam; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; Q1; Q11; Q12; Q15; Q18.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90625

Institutional and Economic Dynamics of Water Users Cooperative (WUC) Societies in Cauvery Basin of Karnataka
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rohith,   B.K.; Chandrakanth,   Mysore G.
The economic and institutional dimensions of water users cooperative (WUC) societies have been analyzed with regards to performance, membership and transaction costs in forming organization in the Cauvery basin of Karnataka. Field data have been collected from presidents and members of 30 WUC societies in Tirumakudalu Narasipura taluk of Mysore, Karnataka. Using cluster analysis, these have been grouped into (i) well performing, (ii) moderately performing, and (iii) poorly performing WUC societies. To understand institutional and economic dimensions, the selected WUC societies have been grouped based on command area, membership and conjunctive use of water. The odds ratio determined using logit model has indicated that for every one chance of not willing...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Water users cooperative society; Institutional economics; Water institutions; Cauvery Basin; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q13; Q15; Q25; K00.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118231

Policies to Facilitate Conversion of Millions of Acres to the Production of Biofuel Feedstock
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Epplin,   Francis M.; Haque,   Mohua.
First-generation grain ethanol biofuel has affected the historical excess capacity problem in U.S. agriculture. Second-generation cellulosic ethanol biofuel has had difficulty achieving cost-competitiveness. Third-generation drop-in biofuels are under development. If lignocellulosic biomass from perennial grasses becomes the feedstock of choice for second- and third-generation biorefineries, an integrated system could evolve in which a biorefinery directly manages feedstock production, harvest, storage, and delivery. Modeling was conducted to determine the potential economic benefits from an integrated system. Relatively low-cost public policies that could be implemented to facilitate economic efficiency are proposed.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Biomass; Bio-oil; Cellulosic; Drop-in fuels; Ethanol; Land-lease contract; Lignocellulosic; Pyrolysis; Switchgrass; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q16; Q18; Q15; Q42.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113532

Divergence between WTA and WTP Revisited: Livestock Grazing on Public Range
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sun,   Lili; van Kooten,   G. Cornelis; Voss,   Graham M.
The research reported here provides further empirical support for the contention that there is a divergence between WTA and WTP. The conclusion is based on results from a 2002 survey of Nevada ranchers that asked about willingness to pay for public forage and WTA compensation to part with grazing rights. WTP and WTA are estimated simultaneously, with the estimators used to demonstrate a statistically significant divergence between WTP and WTA. The simultaneous estimation allows us to identify ranch characteristics that influence the discrepancy in valuations. Ranch size, public grazing allotment, financial distress, and long term commitment to ranching are all significant influences on the disparity. We interpret these results both with respect to general...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Contingent valuation methods; Dichotomous choice surveys; WTA versus WTP; Grazing rights and public forage; Agribusiness; Land Economics/Use; Q15; Q24; Q51.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37014

Impacts of Federal Policies and Programs on Wetlands
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Crosson,   Pierre; Frederick,   Kenneth D.
Human activities have resulted in the loss of about half of the original 221 million acres of wetlands in the conterminous 48 states. Federal laws, policies, and programs have had major impacts on the nation's wetland resources. Initially, they encouraged and subsidized the draining and filling of wetlands, the flooding of wetlands behind dams, and the diversion and alteration of streamflows to riparian wetlands. More recently, federal policies have been directed to conserving and preventing further net losses. The focus of this study is on the impacts of federal policies on riparian wetlands, i.e., those formed at the interface of rivers and streams and uplands and that require occasional flooding to maintain the health of their ecosystems. The study...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Wetlands; Land use; Agricultural policy; Water policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q15; Q25; R14.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10579

Stakeholder involvement in water management using Object-oriented Bayesian networks and economic models in Spain.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Carmona,   Gema; Varela-Ortega,   Consuelo; Bromley,   John.
The Upper Guadiana basin, in Spain, presents important conflicts between the agricultural sector and the environment due to their competence for water resources. The high development of irrigation has led to the over-exploitation of the aquifers, which are the main source of water in the area, and to the loss of wetlands of high ecological value. The River Basin Authority (RBA) has recently designed a new water management plan which included a group of measures aimed at reducing water consumption.  Our objective is the development, with the active participation of the stakeholders, of a decision support system composed of an economic model and an object-oriented Bayesian network, used to evaluate the trade-off between agricultural economy and the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Bayesian networks; Groundwater management; Stakeholder participation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q15; Q25; Q56.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49897

Analysis of profitability and risk in new agriculture in a Himalayan watershed by using dynamic non-linear programming model
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sharma,   Rakesh Kumar; Sankhayan,   Prem Lall; Singh,   Ranveer.
Cropping pattern in the Himalayan region of India has undergone a significant change in the recent past. Introduction of horticultural crops of vegetables, fruits and flowers have led to more intensive agriculture. Such a change, resulting in higher incomes and improvements of the overall living conditions has, however, been accompanied with increased income risk. This emphasises a need for proper analysis of the cropping pattern, at an appropriate scale, such as, a micro watershed. This was achieved by constructing a dynamic non-linear programming model incorporating appropriate objective function, constraints and crop and livestock activity budgets along with risk component present in the gross returns. The model was then solved under alternate policy...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cropping pattern; Gross margins; Himachal Pradesh; Optimization; Covariance; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty; C61; Q12; Q15.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51404

The Effect of the Housing Boom on Farm Land Values via Tax-Deferred Exchanges
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Williamson,   James M.; Brady,   Michael P.; Durst,   Ron L.
This project examines Section 1031 of the Internal Revenue Code and agriculture land exchanges. Stakeholders in rural communities and agriculture are particularly interested in Section 1031 because the recent growth in transaction values of farmland may have, in part, been stimulated by Section 1031 land exchanges. Further, although many have speculated that such exchanges are widely used, little empirical research exists about the provision. We examine the theory of exchanges and develop a theoretical premium value for exchanges. We also present the first evidence of like-kind exchanges involving farmland using Federal tax data.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Like-Kind Exchange; Capital Gains Tax; Agricultural Land; Land Economics/Use; Public Economics; Q15; H24.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49299

Contracts, Transaction Costs and Agricultural Production in the Pampas
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lema,   Daniel.
This paper presents an analysis of agricultural contracts using a transaction costs approach. We contend that in a context of modern agriculture, with well defined property rights, agricultural contracts must balance costs and benefits, aligning tenant and landlord incentives towards a similar objective. The study debates the potential effects of tenancy status and duration of contracts, over soil conservation and input use. We present empirical evidence about the effects over the soil and input use in tenant (fixed rent or sharecropping) and owner-operator farms using farm level data from the 2002 National Agricultural Census of Argentina. The empirical results show some differential effects but do not support a general and clear negative effect for...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Contracts; Agriculture; Transaction Costs; Sharecropping; Property Rights; Land Tenancy; Production Economics; D2; Q15.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25420

Sources of Agricultural Productivity Growth in Central Asia: The Case of Tajikistan and Uzbekistan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lerman,   Zvi; Sedik,   David J.
The paper examines agricultural production and productivity growth in two Central Asian countries – Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. Both countries are characterized by a significant shift of resources from the traditional Soviet model of collective agriculture to more market-compliant individual and family farming. In both countries, the beginning of the policy-driven switch to family farming around 1997 coincided with the beginning of recovery in agriculture, namely resumption of agricultural growth after a phase of transition decline since 1991. In addition to growth in total agricultural production, we also observe significant increases in productivity of both land and labor since 1997. These observations suggest that productivity growth may be attributable...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural productivity; Agricultural growth; Family farms; Corporate farms; Comparative performance; Agrarian reforms; Transition countries; Central Asia; Tajikistan; Uzbekistan; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Land Economics/Use; Productivity Analysis; P27; P31; P32; Q15; R14.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54713

Potential Benefits of Bt Brinjal in India — An Economic Assessment
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kumar,   Sant; Lakshmi Prasanna,   P.A.; Wankhade,   Shwetal.
The potential economic benefits of Bt brinjal hybrids in terms of yield gain, reduction in insecticide-use, and increase in net returns per hectare have been reported in this study. Results have shown that adoption of Bt brinjal hybrids would provide yield gain of 37 per cent and reduction in total insecticide-use of about 42 per cent over non-Bt hybrids. Other benefits like increase in additional brinjal production (30 thousand tonnes), savings from insecticides (` 47 crore) against Fruit and Shoot Borer (FSB), increase in net returns (` 11029/ha), and reduction in price of brinjal output (3%), etc. would be at 15 per cent adoption level. With increased adoption level of 60 per cent of Bt brinjal hybrids would provide, additional production of 119...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: GM food crop; Bt brinjal hybrid; Fruit and shoot borer; Economic benefits; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q11; Q16; Q15.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109420

APPROACHING BEGINNING FARMERS AS A NEW STAKEHOLDER FOR EXTENSION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Meyer,   Lee; Hunter,   Jennifer; Katchova,   Ani L.; Lovett,   Sarah; Thilmany,   Dawn D.; Sullins,   Martha; Card,   Adrian.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: New Farmer; Farm Transitions; Business Planning; Direct Marketing; Extension Service; Capacity Building; Mentoring; Farm Management; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession; Q13; Q15; Q16.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109478

Opinion publica sobre la multifuncionalidad del regadío: el caso de Castilla y Leon
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gomez-Limon,   Jose Antonio; Gomez-Ramos,   Almudena.
This paper analyses the demands from the society of Castilla y León (Spain) regarding its agricultural sector through the valuation of the relevance of its productive and non-productive functions. Additionally, it assesses the level of social satisfaction concerning the performance of these functions by irrigated agriculture in this region. For this purpose primary data colleted through a survey has been used. Results obtained show that the average citizen does not perceive a higher utility from irrigated agriculture compared with the whole agricultural sector. For these agricultural systems the social function is the element of multifunctionality considered most relevant regarding the perceived social welfare.     Resumen Este trabajo analiza las demandas...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Multifunctionality; Social demand; Irrigated agriculture; Public perception; Castilla y Leon; Crop Production/Industries; Q25; Q15.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/8001

Integrating small farms in agent based models
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Roder,   Norbert; Kantelhardt,   Jochen.
In German agriculture structural change is mainly a result of the outmigration of smaller farms from the sector. The decisions of these farmers to leave or stay in the sector, are not based solely on financial data and market expectations. Other aspects are important such as the preservation of the cultural landscape, the continuation of the family tradition, or self-realisation. Only if these goals are adequately integrated into land use models, one can hope that the type and magnitude of reactions predicted by the model will be similar to that observed in reality. The main goal of this paper is to present a model approach that allows for the integration of non-monetary aspects into an agri-economic land use model. The approach is tested for a sample of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Farmer attitude; Linear programming; Agent based modelling; Land market; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Land Economics/Use; Q12; Q15; R14.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52826

How Well Can Markets for Development Rights Work? Evaluating a Farmland Preservation Program
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: McConnell,   Virginia D.; Kopits,   Elizabeth; Walls,   Margaret.
Transferable development rights (TDRs) can be used as a local planning tool to preserve land for particular uses. TDRs separate ownership of the right to develop land from ownership of the land itself, creating a market in which the development rights can be bought and sold. Landowners who sell TDRs permanently preserve their land in an undeveloped state; those TDRs are then used to increase the density of development elsewhere. In this paper, we evaluate a TDR program for preserving farmland in Calvert County, Maryland. We evaluate the performance of the TDR market over the 23-year life of the program by looking at the number of transactions and TDRs sold and the level and dispersion of prices over time. We also look closely at the influence of the county...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Land use; Farmland preservation; Development rights; Land Economics/Use; Q15; Q24; R140.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10659

Population Growth and Land Use Dynamics along Urban–Rural Gradient
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Polyakov,   Maksym; Zhang,   Daowei.
In this study we apply a spatial conditional logit model to determine factors influencing land cover change in three contiguous counties in West Georgia between 1992 and 2001 using point (pixel) based observations of land characteristics. We found that accessibility to population and population growth affect not only development of rural lands and transition between agricultural and forestry uses, but also influence changes between forest types. The model could be used to project land use–land cover change at watershed or subwatershed level and thus serve as a valuable tool for county and city planners.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Conditional logit; Land use change; Population gravity index; Spatial lag; Agribusiness; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Q15; Q23; R14.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47205

Farm-Level Risk Management Using Irrigation and Weather Derivatives
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lin,   Shanshan; Mullen,   Jeffrey D.; Hoogenboom,   Gerrit.
An agronomic crop growth model—the Decision Support System for Agro-Technology Transfer—and a constant relative risk aversion utility function are used to examine corn irrigation strategies in Mitchell County, Georgia. Precipitation contracts are designed to help farmers manage risk. Three conclusions originate from the findings. First, the optimal irrigation strategy can greatly increase producers’ certainty-equivalent revenue. Second, changes in water pricing policy would have a limited impact on the amount of water used. And third, across levels of risk preference, the precipitation contracts are not effective in increasing certainty-equivalent revenue or reducing cumulative water use.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Irrigation risk management; Water pricing policy; Weather derivative contract; Agribusiness; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; D8; G22; Q15; Q25.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46986

South Dakota Agricultural Land Market Trends 1991-2009: The 2009 SDSU South Dakota Farm Real Estate Survey
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Janssen,   Larry; Pflueger,   Burton.
Agricultural land values and cash rental rates in South Dakota are the primary topics of this report.  It is targeted for farmers and ranchers, landowners, ag professionals (lenders, rural appraisers, farm managers) and policy makers interested in ag land market trends.  This report contains the results of the 2009 SDSU South Dakota Farm Real Estate Market Survey, developed to estimate ag land values and cash rental rates by land use in different regions of South Dakota.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Ag land; Farmland; Acreage; Cropland; Land ownership; Land  use; Land tenure; Ranchland; Land Economics/Use; Q15.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56775

From Pasture Land to Farm Plots, Triggers and Motivations for Land Use Changes in Afar, Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kotu,   Bekele Hundie.
Communal land use system has existed in pastoral Afar (as in many other pastoral areas) since time of immemorial accommodating the interests of different user groups. This form of land use system, which has adapted to the harsh environment in which herders raise their livestock, enables efficient utilization of scattered pastoral resources since it accommodates constant mobility of livestock. In contrast to the mobile way of life, which characterizes pastoralism, farming as a sedentary activity is only marginally present in the lowlands of the Afar region. However, the traditional land-use system in Afar is changing nowadays if favor farming because of various reasons. This paper explains such changes mainly based the data collected through a household...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land use; Pastoralists; Farming; Drought; Afar; Ethiopia; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; Risk and Uncertainty; Q15; Q24.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51276

Southeastern Peanut-Production Cost Efficiency Under the Quota System:  Implications for the Farm-Level Impacts of the 2002 Farm Act
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nadolnyak,   Denis A.; Fletcher,   Stanley M.; Hartarska,   Valentina M.
In the article, stochastic frontier analysis of peanut-production efficiency in the Southeastern region of the United States is conducted with a view of assessing the likely farm-level impacts of the 2002 Farm Act.  Results indicate that , although quota ownership did not significantly impact inefficiency, it is likely that limitations on the quota’s transferability to areas with better growing conditions were a significant cause of inefficiency.  The acreage shifts and improved yields following the passage of the 2002 Farm Act support this conclusion.  Certain farm characteristics, such as farm size and operator’s education and age, were also important for efficiency.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: 2002 Farm Act; Peanut production; Stochastic cost frontier analysis; Supply management policies; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Q18; D61; Q15; Q12.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43762

Regulatory Takings and the Diminution of Value: An Empirical Analysis of Takings and Givings
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Truesdell,   Marie K.; Bergstrom,   John C.; Dorfman,   Jeffrey H.
A hedonic model is used to measure the change in value of residential lots in Rockport, Texas, resulting from Section 404 of the U.S. Clean Water Act. Results show that average lot values initially decreased, went though a six-year adjustment period, and then stabilized on a higher price path resulting in a positive net effect on average lot values throughout the Rockport area (with the exception of a particular subdivision). The results indicate that Section 404 generated both regulatory "takings" and "givings," suggesting that both effects should be considered when assessing the benefits and costs of regulatory events and compensation claims.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Clean Water Act Section 404; Hedonic price method; Interrupted time series; Regulatory takings and givings; Wetlands; Agricultural and Food Policy; C51; D61; R11; R21; Q15.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43791

Biomass Supply from Alternative Cellulosic Crops and Crop Residues: A Preliminary Spatial Bioeconomic Modeling Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Egbendewe-Mondzozo,   Aklesso; Swinton,   Scott M.; Izaurralde,   R. Cesar; Manowitz,   David H.; Zhang,   Xuesong.
This paper introduces a spatial bioeconomic model for study of potential cellulosic biomass supply at regional scale. By modeling the profitability of alternative crop production practices, it captures the opportunity cost of replacing current crops by cellulosic biomass crops. The model draws upon biophysical crop input-output coefficients, price and cost data, and spatial transportation costs in the context of profit maximization theory. Yields are simulated using temperature, precipitation and soil quality data with various commercial crops and potential new cellulosic biomass crops. Three types of alternative crop management scenarios are simulated by varying crop rotation, fertilization and tillage. The cost of transporting biomass to a specific...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Biomass production; Bioenergy supply; Biofuel policy; Bioenergy; Cellulosic ethanol; Agro-ecosystem economics; Ecosystem services economics; Agro-environmental trade-off analysis; Mathematical programming; EPIC; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q16; Q15; Q57; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98277

The Role of Customary Institutions in Managing Conflict on Grazing Land: A Study from Mieso District, Eastern Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Beyene,   Fekadu.
This paper examines interethnic conflict on grazing land previously accessed as common property.   The study was undertaken in Mieso District of eastern Ethiopia where two ethnic groups experience different production systems – pastoral and agropastoral. Game theoretic approach and analytic narratives have been used as analytical tools. Results show that the historical change in land use by one of the ethnic groups, resource scarcity, violation of customary norms, power asymmetry and livestock raids are some of the factors that have contributed to the recurrence of the conflict. The role of raids in triggering conflict and restricting access to grazing area becomes particularly important. Socio-economic and political factors are responsible for power...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Property rights; Conflict; Grazing land; Power asymmetry; Access rights; Customary institutions; Mieso; Ethiopia; Africa; Land Economics/Use; O17; Z13; Q15.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7703

Entwicklungsperspektiven der Milchproduktion in verschiedenen Regionen Niedersachsens - ein agri benchmark dairy-Projekt
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lassen,   Birthe J.; Busch,   Gesa.
Zusammenfassung: Ziel der vorliegenden Studie ist es, für verschiedene Regionen in Niedersachsen die kurz-, mittel- und langfristigen Entwicklungen der Milchproduktion unter Berücksichtigung regionaler Besonderheiten abzuschätzen. Grundlage sind neben sieben Expertenpanels in ausgewählten Regionen auch betriebsindividuelle Befragungen in 10 Regionen in Niedersachsen. Es werden Schlussfolgerungen über die künftige Standortorientierung der Milchproduktion innerhalb Niedersachsens abgeleitet und Anpassungsreaktionen der Milcherzeuger an begrenzende Faktoren der Milchproduktion analysiert. Die Abschaffung der kleinräumigen Quotenhandelsgebiete hat Produktionsverlagerungen über Ländergrenzen hinweg ermöglicht. Dabei stellt sich die Frage, ob Niedersachsen...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Milchproduktion; Milchquote; Regionale Wettbewerbsfähigkeit; Dairy production; Milk quota; Regional competitiveness of dairy production; Farm Management; Livestock Production/Industries; Risk and Uncertainty; Q11; Q12; Q15.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108258

Climate Change and Agriculture – A Review of Some Global and Caribbean Concerns
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pemberton,   Carlisle A.
Belize City, Belize 23rd - 27th July, 2007
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Caribbean; Agriculture; Mitigation strategies; Agribusiness; Q54; Q15.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122906

DIRECT PAYMENTS AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE LAND MARKET IN POLAND
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dziemianowicz,   Ryta Iwona; Przygodzka,   Renata; Sadowski,   Adam.
The article makes an attempt to answer the question: how direct payments affected the land market in Poland? The first part of the article explains the theoretical aspects of direct payments as an instrument of agricultural policy and their prospective effectiveness. Also the special character of the solutions adopted by Poland in relation with the use of this instrument was shown. The second part presents the main problems of the land market in Poland, taking into account both the supply and the demand factors of this market. The third part concentrates on searching for the cause-effect relations between the direct subsidies and the changes in the land market in Poland. They suggest, among others, that the forecasts regarding the retaining of land in...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Direct Payments; Land Market; Agriculture Policy; Structure of Agriculture; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q10; Q15; Q18.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44807

EMBEDDED INSTITUTIONS AND THE PERSISTENCE OF LARGE FARMS IN RUSSIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koester,   Ulrich; Petrick,   Martin.
Differences in farm structures between Russia and western market economies can hardly be made consistent with the neoclassical textbook idea of a technologically determined farm size operating in a perfect market environment. The main aim of the paper is to identify embedded institutions that provide an explanation for the persistent differences. It is shown that these institutions vary widely across countries. We argue that the historical contingency of a patrimonial society that is both hierarchical and egalitarian also has an important bearing on the current persistence of large farming structures in Russia. The cultural beliefs based on this contingency explain the relative absence of entrepreneurial attitude in the rural society, the lack of trust in...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Embedded institutions; Agricultural transition; Farm restructuring; Agroholdings; Russia.; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Political Economy; Public Economics; P32; P52; Q12; Q15.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94720

Evaluating the Impact of Land Tenure and Titling on Access to Credit in Uganda
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Petracco,   Carly K.; Pender,   John L.
Increasing smallholder farmers’ access to credit is a paramount concern in Africa in general and in Uganda in particular, as a means to help modernize agriculture. We use matching impact evaluation methods to assess four pair-wise comparisons:  i) households who have freehold land with vs. without a title, ii) households who have customary land with vs. without a customary certificate, iii) households with a title or certificate having freehold vs. customary tenure, and iv) households without a title or certificate having freehold vs. customary tenure. Each comparison is then evaluated for the impact on access to any form of credit, formal credit and informal credit. Two matching methods were used and the results compared to test the robustness of the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Uganda; Land tenure; Land titling; Rural credit; Agricultural Finance; Land Economics/Use; Q15; Q14.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51899

Drivers and Modifiers of Lowland Use in West Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Erenstein,   Olaf.
Lowland development efforts in West Africa have a mixed record. The paper posits that this is due to the neglect of: (1) market opportunity as driving force for lowland use; and (2) the wider context within which lowlands are used as important modifier. The paper applies a regression-based decomposition framework to analyze the factors driving and modifying lowland use in West Africa. It uses community-level data from 1014 geo-referenced lowland units around four urban centers along an agro-ecological gradient in Cote d'Ivoire and Mali. Tobit models are used to explain the extent of lowland non-use (seasonal fallow), its diversity (in terms of rice and other crop cultivation) and its land use intensity (double cropping). Results highlight that proximity to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Urban - rural linkages; Market access; Agro-ecological gradient; West Africa; Lowland use; Peri-urban agriculture; O18; O3; Q15; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25288

The Sustainability of Cotton Production in China and in Australia: Comparative Economic and Environmental Issues
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zhao,   Xufu; Tisdell,   Clement A.
After providing some background about the importance of cotton as a fibre, this article provides information about the global relevance of China’s and Australia’s cotton industries and compares the structure and other significant features of their cotton industries. Attention is given to trends in overall cotton yields and the volume of production of cotton globally, in Australia, and in China as indicators of the sustainability of cotton supplies. Some simple economic theory is applied to indicate the relationship between market conditions and the sustainability of global cotton supplies. Then the environmental and economic factors that challenge the sustainability of Australian cotton production are outlined and analysed and this is done subsequently for...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Australia; China; Cotton production; Fibre markets; Hysteresis of supplies; Sustainable agriculture; Water resources.; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q01; Q11; Q15; Q24; Q50.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55338

Land Reform and Development of Agricultural Land Markets in Russia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lerman,   Zvi; Shagaida,   Natalya.
Russia has experienced dramatic changes in land ownership and tenure since 1991: agricultural land has been largely privatized, individual landowners now have legal rights to most agricultural land in the country, and prohibitions on buying and selling of land have been recently removed. The necessary pre-conditions for the development of agricultural land markets have been met and we are beginning to witness transactions that involve individual landowners, and not only the state. Further development of the land market is circumscribed by the inadequacy of the administrative and technical infrastructure. The paper discusses the evolving legal framework for land reform, considers the impacts on privatization and ownership structure of agricultural land, and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land reform; Land market; Land leasing; Transition; Land Economics/Use; P23; P26; P31; P32; Q15.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24604

Offsetting with Salinity Credits: An Alternative to Irrigation Zoning
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Spencer,   Thomas; Ancev,   Tihomir.
Irrigation induced salinity is a serious problem in many countries around the world. In Australia, this type of salinity is most pronounced in the valley of the River Murray in South Australia. Location of irrigation enterprises has been identified as a key factor that needs to be taken into account by policies aimed at mitigating salinity. This article compares and contrasts two such policies: an irrigation zoning policy, where new irrigation enterprises are only allowed in low salinity impact zones, and an offsetting with salinity credits policy, where new irrigation enterprises can locate in high salinity impact zones, provided they offset their salinity impact with salinity credits. Key findings are that the offsetting policy will be both less costly...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Irrigation; Least-cost; Offsets; Salinity; Land Economics/Use; Q15; Q18; Q25; Q50.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25517

The Effect of Climate Change on Land Use and Wetlands Conservation in Western Canada: An Application of Positive Mathematical Programming
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Withey,   Patrick; van Kooten,   G. Cornelis.
This study examines the impact of climate change on land use in the Prairie Pothole Region of Western Canada, with particular emphasis on how climate change will impact wetlands. A multi-region Positive Mathematical Programming model calibrates land use in the area to observed acreage in 2006. Policy simulations for both climate effects as well as the effects of biofuel policies determine how climate change will affect land use and wetlands. Given that the model calibrates to observed acreage, the policies provide a realistic view of how land use might change from current levels, given the effects of climate change. Results indicate that climate change could decrease wetlands in this area by as much as 50 percent. The effect will be very different...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Positive mathematical programming; Wetlands conservation; Land use change; Climate change; Biofuels; Prairie pothole region; Environmental Economics and Policy; C02; C63; Q15; Q54; Q57; Q24; Q25.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/107095

South Dakota Agricultural Land Market Trends 1991-2010: The 2010 SDSU South Dakota Farm Real Estate Survey
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Janssen,   Larry; Pflueger,   Burton; Opoku,   Emmanuel.
Agricultural land values and cash rental rates in South Dakota, by region and by state, are primary topics of this report. The target audience are farmers and ranchers, landowners, ag professional (lenders, rural appraisers, professional farm managers), and policy makers interested in ag land market trends.  This report contains results of the 2010 Farm Real Estate Market Survey, the 20th annual SDSU survey developed to estimate ag land values and cash rental rates by land use in different regions of South Dakota.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Ag land; Farmland; Acreage; Cropland; Land ownership; Land use; Land tenure; Ranchland; Agricultural Finance; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use; Q15.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/101122

The Nexus Land-Use Model, an Approach Articulating Biophysical Potentials and Economic Dynamics to Model
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Souty,   Francois; Brunelle,   Thierry; Dumas,   Patrice; Dorin,   Bruno; Ciais,   Philippe; Crassous,   Renaud.
Interactions between food demand, biomass energy and forest preservation are driving both food prices and land-use changes, regionally and globally. This study presents a new model called Nexus Land-Use which describes these interactions through a generic representation of agricultural intensification mechanisms. The Nexus Land-Use model equations combine biophysics and economics into a single coherent framework to calculate crop yields, food prices, and resulting pasture and cropland areas within 12 regions inter-connected with each other by international trade. The representation of cropland and livestock production systems in each region relies on three components: (i) a biomass production function derived from the crop yield response function to inputs...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Land-use Change; Modelling; Global Biomass Projections; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q11; Q15.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122859

Key Determinants of Land Rentals in Poland
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Falkowski,   Jan.
Basing on a sample of Polish rural households present paper analyses how different households' and country-specific characteristics affect farmers' decision about renting additional parcel in. An attempt is made to see if local rental markets still have potential that could be further exploited. Obtained results indicate that despite facing various difficulties rental markets succeed in transferring land to farmers with higher skills and better relative inputs' endowments. Nevertheless their scope is highly limited illustrating that there is a need for adequate measures to be undertaken.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land markets; Land rentals; Equity and efficiency of land distribution; Land Economics/Use; Q15.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24511

IMPACTS OF 2003 CAP REFORM ON LAND PRICES: FROM THEORY TO EMPIRICAL RESULTS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kilian,   Stefan; Anton,   Jesus; Roder,   Norbert; Salhofer,   Klaus.
Based on a graphical model we analyse the impacts of the Fischler Reform on land prices and the capitalization of single farm payments (sfp) into land values. The model shows that if there are more sfp than eligible land, the capitalization ratio will not decline but rather increase due to the inclusion of animal premiums in the sfp. We can confirm our theoretical results for cross-section data on land rental prices in Bavaria in 2005. Empirical results indicate that sfp of the Fischler reform are more capitalized into rental prices than the coupled direct payments of the time prior to the reform.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land rent; Capitalisation of payments; CAP Fischler Reform; Agricultural and Food Policy; Public Economics; Q18; Q15; H22.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44808

LANDWIRTSCHAFT IN MOLDOVA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Petrick,   Martin.
This paper provides an overview of the economic situation of agriculture in the Republic of Moldova. Emphasis is laid on the natural conditions for production, its structure, trade, as well as the historical development of agriculture and its transition to the market after 1991.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Moldova; Agriculture; Transition; Moldova; Landwirtschaft; Transformation im Agrarsektor.; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Production Economics; P32; Q13; Q15.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91952

Evaluacion de alternativas de desacoplamiento total de ayudas COP: el caso de la agricultura de regadio en el valle del Guadalquivir
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Arriaza Balmón,   Manuel; Avilés,   Pedro Ruiz; Gomez-Limon,   Jose Antonio.
RESUMEN El presente artículo compara la reforma de la PAC aprobada en junio de 2003 con un hipotético escenario de mayor liberalización en el que se permite la substitución de cultivos COP (cereales, oleaginosas y proteaginosas) por cultivos hortícolas y/o patatas. La simulación se lleva a cabo mediante el cálculo de una función de utilidad multiatributo para cada grupo homogéneo de agricultores: tres grupos en cada una de las tres comunidades de regantes. El método de cálculo de las funciones de utilidad no requiere ninguna interacción con el centro decisor. La validación de los modelos confirma la validez de esta metodología para la simulación de las decisiones de cultivo de estos productores. Los resultados sugieren que con el sistema alternativo...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: CAP; Multicriteria Decision Making; Utility function; Decoupled subsidy; Q12; Q18; C61; Q15.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28799

Land Allocation Effects of the Global Ethanol Surge: Predictions from the International FAPRI Model
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fabiosa,   Jacinto F.; Beghin,   John C.; Dong,   Fengxia; Elobeid,   Amani E.; Tokgoz,   Simla; Yu,   Tun-Hsiang (Edward).
We quantify the emergence of biofuel markets and its impact on U.S. and world agriculture for the coming decade using the multi-market multi-commodity international FAPRI model. The model incorporates the tradeoffs between biofuel, feed, and food production and consumption and international feedback effects of the emergence through world commodity prices and trade. We examine land allocation by type of crop, and pasture use for countries growing feedstock for ethanol (corn, sorghum, wheat, sugarcane, and other grains) and major crops competing with feedstock for land resources such as oilseeds. We shock the model with exogenous changes in ethanol demand, first in the United States, then in Brazil, China, EU, and India, and compute shock multipliers for...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Acreage; Area; Biofuel; Corn; Crops; Ethanol; FAPRI model; Feedstock; Land; Sugar; Sugarcane; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q42; Q17; Q15.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6183

A Dynamic Risk Optimization Model for Evaluating Profitable and Feasible Water Management Plans
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Grove,   Bennie; Oosthuizen,   L.K.; Backeberg,   G.R.
Currently the South African government is advocating the cultivation of high valued crops and more efficient use of available water resources through the adoption o f more efficient irrigation technology and irrigation scheduling. A requirement of the National Water Act (Act 36 of 1998) is the compilation of water management plans. The main objective of this paper is to develop a multiperiod mathematical risk programming model able of assisting water user associations with the compilation of water management plans that are both profitable and feasible. Special care was taken to represent canal capacities and irrigation system application rates in the model. Risk simulation procedures are used to generate an appropriately correlated inter- and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Dynamic Linear Programming; Risk; Irrigation; Feasibility; South Africa; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; C6; Q15; Q12.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25554

Macroeconomic Impacts of Water Use in Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Weinheimer,   Justin; Wheeler-Cook,   Erin; Ethridge,   Don E.; Hudson,   Darren.
The recent/current recession provides the opportunity to study the effects of the macroeconomic changes on the agricultural production systems in the Great Plains and trace some of its impacts through the system to changes in primary inputs such water resource use.  Therefore, the objective of the study reported here was to determine the effects of the changes in macroeconomic conditions driven by the 2008 recession on irrigated crop production in a portion of the Southern Great Plains and its impacts on water use. The approach for the study was to: (1) use the 10-year baseline FAPRI projections, based on changes in macroeconomic conditions, of agricultural commodity prices and input costs between the beginning of 2008 and the beginning of 2009, and (2)...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ogallala Aquifer; Recession; Macroeconomic; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; E00; Q15; Q30; Q31.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56456

A minimum cross entropy model to generate disaggregated agricultural data at the local level
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Xavier,   Antonio; Martins,   Maria de Belem Costa Freitas; Fragoso,   Rui Manuel de Sousa.
This work presents an entropy approach to disaggregate agricultural data at a local level. It comprises two different steps. In a first one, an information prior at disaggregated level based on experts’ opinions, available cartography of land use and biophysical data is created. In a second step, it’s used a minimum cross entropy process in order to manage these information inputs and to guaranty a solution compatible with all the different restrictions. The model was applied to the region of Algarve in the year of 1999, in order to disaggregate the data at the pixel and county level. Results show that the model was able to provide some satisfactory results since the estimated values obtained for the different areas revealed a good approximation to the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Minimum cross entropy; Data disaggregation; Local level; Algarve; Agricultural policies; Agricultural and Food Policy; C11; C81; Q15; R14.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98991

MODELING THE EFFECTS OF PASTURE EXPANSION ON EMISSIONS FROM LAND-USE CHANGE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dumortier,   Jerome; Hayes,   Dermot J.; Carriquiry,   Miguel A.; Dong,   Fengxia; Du,   Xiaodong; Elobeid,   Amani E.; Fabiosa,   Jacinto F.; Mulik,   Kranti.
We present a global agricultural greenhouse gas model that assesses emissions from land-use change. In addition to evaluating shifts in and out of crop production, we develop a pasture model to assess extensification and intensification of global livestock production based on herd size and stocking rate. We apply the model to a scenario that introduces a tax on me-thane emissions from cattle in the United States. The resulting expansion of pasture in the rest of the world leads to substantially higher emissions than without the tax. The yearly average emissions from the tax are 260 metric tons of CO2-equivalent.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land-use change; Greenhouse gas emissions; Pasture expansion; Pasture extensification; Land Economics/Use; Q15; Q17; Q18; Q54.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95944

Evaluating the potential contribution of contract auctions to Agri-Environmental Policy efficiency: A simulation model for Emilia-Romagna (Italy)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Viaggi,   Davide; Raggi,   Meri; Gallerani,   Vittorio.
Auctions are a potentially suitable policy tool for increasing the efficiency of Agri- Environmental Schemes (AES) through an improved allocation of contracts. In theory, through the auction mechanism, farmers have incentives to reveal their compliance costs, helping to reduce information rents and increase policy cost-effectiveness. The aim of this paper is to simulate the potential contribution of auction mechanisms to the efficiency of AES in Emilia-Romagna (Italy). The results show advantages for auctions compared with traditional flat rate payments based on average compliance costs. However, their performance is worse than flat payments based on marginal compliance costs.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Auction; Contract; Agri-Environmental Policy; Information asymmetry; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q15; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118671

Determinants of Forestry Investment and Extent of Forestry Expansion by Smallholders in New Zealand
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dhakal,   Bhubaneswor; Bigsby,   Hugh R.; Cullen,   Ross.
While there has been a large increase in investment in plantation forestry in New Zealand by smallholders during the past decade, there are still many smallholders who have chosen not to become involved in this land use or who are using only a portion of their potentially planted land for forestry.  To understand why this is the case, this paper studies two issues, the differences between those who have and have not established plantation forests, and the factors that explain the proportion of land used in forestry by small landholders who have identified that they have potentially plantable land.  Land used for forest plantations is treated as a two-step decision process, where first a landowner must decide whether they would consider planting trees at...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Forestry investment; Land use change; Non-industrial forests; Double hurdle model; Land Economics/Use; Q15; Q23.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50016

The Distribution of CAP Payments - Redistributional Injustice or Spatially Adapted policy?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bergmann,   Holger; Noack,   Eva Maria; Thomson,   Kenneth J.
This paper analyses the distributional equality of individual Scottish Government-administered payments in 2008 under CAP Pillars One (single farm payments) and Two (rural development measures) and in total, in terms of economic, social and spatial factors. The analysis shows that 94% of all payments were paid to claimants in core rural areas (94%) while only a few (5%) claimants resided in urban areas or outside of Scotland (1%). However, in both Pillars, claims made by urban residents were often higher than those made by rural dwellers. The Ordinary Least Squares spatial analysis shows that the level of payments was extremely dependent on the geographical location and natural conditions. Spatial factors describing the economic situation in the area of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Pillar One; Common Agricultural Policy; Gini-Coefficient; Rural-Urban distribution; Distributional justice; Land Economics/Use; Q15; R14; R11.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108958

Regional differences in the determinants for structural change in German agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Roeder,   Norbert; Kilian,   Stefan.
In Germany agricultural land use is very heterogeneous with respect to management orientation and productivity even at local level. Also the rate of structural change shows a wide variation. While for a limited number of factors (e.g. farm size) a stable relation to structural change could be widely confirmed for different parts of Germany, the results for other indicators are contradictory. This holds especially for indicators describing to the marginality of a site. Many concerns related to structural change and development of land use intensity, e.g. abandonment of high nature value farmland, are only relevant in a very specific local context. Therefore, it is necessary to establish indicators for farm development on a disaggregated level. This paper...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Structural change; Data mining; Regionalization; Agricultural and Food Policy; Land Economics/Use; Q10; Q15.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51463

Effects of Forestland Ownership Conversion on Greenhouse Gas Emissions: The Case of South Korea
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cho,   Seong-Hoon; Kim,   Hee Ho; Roberts,   Roland K.; Kim,   Seung Gyu; Lee,   Daegoon.
This research analyzed the effects of forestland conversion from private to public ownership on greenhouse gas emissions by quantifying the relationship between forestland ownership conversion and deforestation, and then examining the effects of the change in deforestation on greenhouse gas emissions in South Korea. Ex ante simulations forecast greenhouse gas emissions resulting from deforestation rates under the current level of national forestland and three scenarios of increased percentages of national forestland. The findings suggest that increasing the percentage of national forestland would mitigate the increase in the deforestation rate, which in turn would moderate the increase in greenhouse gas emissions.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Greenhouse gas emissions; Forestland Ownership; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q15; Q23; Q24; Q54.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103714

Fallstudie zur Entwicklung der Landwirtschaft in einem benachteiligten Gebiet ohne Ausgleichszula-ge am Beispiel zweier Landkreise im Westharz (Niedersachsen)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pitsch,   Marion; Gasmi,   Samy.
Zusammenfassung: Die Fallstudie „Westharz“ bildet die letzte einer Reihe von fünf Studien, die im Rahmen der Evaluierung der Ausgleichszulage für benachteiligte Gebiete entstanden sind. Ziel der Fallstudien war es, die Wirkung der Ausgleichszulage auf verschiedene Bereiche der Landwirtschaft und des ländlichen Raumes in einem für die Gesamtuntersuchung als „typisch“ charakterisierten benachteiligten Gebiet vertieft zu untersuchen. Die ausgewählte Region „Westharz“ steht dabei stellvertretend für eine Mittelgebirgsregion mit der Besonderheit, dass das Land Niedersachsen von 1996 bis 2009 die Ausgleichszulagenzahlung ausgesetzt hat. Entsprechend lag ein Fokus der Studie auf der Entwicklung der Landwirtschaft nach dem Wegfall der Ausgleichszulage. Dazu wurden...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Benachteiligte Gebiete; Ausgleichszulage; Fallstudie; Gemeinsame Agrarpolitik; 2. Säule; Less Favoured Areas; Compensatory allowance; Case study; Common agricultural policy; Pillar II; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Q15; Q 18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103255

Modelling Land Use in Rural New Zealand
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Olssen,   Alex; Kerr,   Suzi.
Regional Councils are primarily responsible for environmental management, as specified in the Resource Management Act (RMA), 1991. The Local Government Act 2002 has an integrative component, requiring consideration of social, economic, environmental and cultural well-being of their communities. These two Acts are interesting, as their combination is shaping new governance structures within New Zealand. Different types of policy instruments are available to Regional Councils while carrying out their functions: regulatory, economic and voluntary. The 1990s are characterized by ‘first generation Plans’ of the RMA, which were highly rule focused. In the 2000s a marked shift occurred, mainstreaming ‘community’ and participative approaches to policy. This...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land use change; New Zealand; National; Time series; Agricultural and Food Policy; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Q15; Q24.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/115413

Farming Systems Diversification in North Konkan Region of Maharashtra — An Economic Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Torane,   S.R.; Naik,   B.K.; Kulkarni,   V.S.; Talathi,   J.M.
The location-specific existing farming systems have been studied for their profitability and extent of diversification in the North Konkan region of Maharashtra. The study is based on the primary data collected from 360 farmers, as well as secondary data on agro-climatic parameters. The study area has been delineated into different clusters/sub- regions using hierarchical agglomerative method. The farming in the North Konkan region has been found highly varied in nature. The enterprises being followed and farm situations are of different nature across different clusters. The farm economy has also depicted a wide variation as per-farm income has been found to range from ` 1135 to ` 218015 across different farming systems. The most profitable farming systems...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Farming systems; Agricultural diversification; North Konkan region; Farm economy; SPSS; Crop diversification index; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q12; Q15.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109422

Role of Watershed Management in Bridging Demand – Supply Gap of Fodder for Enhancing Livestock Production in Shivaliks, Haryana
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Arya,   Swarn Lata; Panwar,   Pankaj; Yadav,   R.P.
Watershed programme is an important intervention in dryland areas to improve livestock productivity through increased feed and fodder supply. The present study has focused on the impact of watershed interventions on crop-livestock linkages with particular emphasis on how the interventions have affected the quantity of stovers/straws as livestock feeding materials in bridging the demand-supply gap. The study has been carried out in three typical Shivalik foothill watersheds (two treated and one untreated) in the Panchkula district of Haryana state. The impact of watershed development programme has been estimated by adopting both with and without approach and before and after approach. The untreated watershed has derived 65 per cent of its total income from...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Fodder; Demand-supply gap; Watershed management; Livestock production; Shivaliks; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q01; Q15; Q25; Q28.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118230

The Effect of Sequencing Trade and Water Market Reform on Interest Groups in Irrigated Agriculture: An Intertemporal Economy-Wide Analysis of the Moroccan Case
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Diao,   Xinshen; Roe,   Terry L.
Many of the import competing sectors in Moroccan agriculture are protected while water in irrigated agriculture is priced below its marginal value product. Establishing a water market in this pre-trade reform environment can be welfare decreasing. Further, as the shadow price of water is sensitive to the crops protected by trade policy, farmers growing crops protected pre-trade reform can be made worse off post reform. The resulting decline in rents to sector resources is a source of interest group conflict that can slow the overall reform process. Using an intertemporal general equilibrium model, the paper analyzes the economy-wide effects of the linkages between trade reform and the reform of water markets in irrigated agriculture. We find a strong...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Water Markets; Trade Reform. Dynamic General Equilibrium; O41; International Relations/Trade; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; F13; Q15; Q25.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7519

Modeling Deforestation and Land Use Change: Sparse Data Environments
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: De Pinto,   Alessandro; Nelson,   Gerald C.
Land use change in developing countries is of great interest to policymakers and researchers from many backgrounds. Concerns about consequences of deforestation for global climate change and biodiversity have received the most publicity, but loss of wetlands, declining land productivity, and watershed management are also problems facing developing countries. In developing countries, analysis is especially constrained by lack of data. This paper reviews modeling approaches for data-constrained environments that involve methods such as neural nets and dynamic programming and research results that link individual household survey data with satellite images using geographic positioning systems.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land Economics/Use; Q15; Q23; R14.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25723

CONSEQUENCES OF THE CAP REFORM ON FARM ACTIVITIES AND THE ENVIRONMENT – RESULTS OF AN EMPIRICAL STUDY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kantelhardt,   Jochen; Ganzert,   Christian; Kramer,   Christine.
The Common European Agricultural Policy (CAP) reform not only has an impact on agriculture but also has significant effects on nature and the environment. This is specifically caused by decoupling direct payments from agricultural production, which will increase the market orientation of agriculture, and the implementation of Cross Compliance. Based on an empirical analysis of the consequences of the CAP reform in eight German regions, a number of key aspects for a future environmentally friendly development of the agrarian policy are suggested. The results indicate that the CAP reform currently does not increase the proportion of environmentally friendly production systems significantly. Cross Compliance is shown to have certain positive effects; it...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Reform Of The Common European Agricultural Policy; Decoupling Of Direct Payments; Cross Compliance; Regional Embeddedness Of Farmers; Intrinsic Motivation; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q15; Q58; R58.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44798

THE INFLUENCE OF URBAN AREAS ON FARMLAND VALUES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kuethe,   Todd H.; Ifft,   Jennifer; Morehart,   Mitchell J.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Farmland Values; Urban-Influence; Land Economics/Use; Q15; R30.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109473

Land Use, Production Growth, and the Institutional Environment of Smallholders: Evidence from Burkinabe Cotton Farmers
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kaminski,   Jonathan; Thomas,   Alban.
The cotton boom in Burkina Faso consisted of a growth in cotton land shares together with an overall increase in total cultivated land. This paper examines the impact of institutional changes in the cotton sector on the evolution of smallholders’ land-use decisions. The empirical analysis is supported by a structural model that takes into account the specific institutional features of the Burkinabè cotton sector and builds upon household level data collected in rural Burkina Faso. We attribute most of the change in land use to the newly established institutional arrangements between producers and stakeholders, mechanization, and slackening of the food security constraint.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Burkina Faso; Cotton; Land Use; Commodity Reform; Institutional Arrangements; Farm Management; Financial Economics; N57; 013; O33; Q15; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93136

Greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture in the EU: A spatial assessment of sources and abatement costs
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: de Cara,   Stephane; Houze,   Martin; Jayet,   Pierre-Alain.
Agriculture contributes significantly to the emissions of greenhouse gases in the EU. By using a farm-type, linear-programming based model of the European agricultural supply, we first assess the initial levels of methane and nitrous oxide emissions at the regional level in the EU. For a range of CO2 prices, we assess the potential abatement that can be achieved through an IPCC-based emission tax in EU agriculture, as well as the resulting optimal mix of emission sources in the total abatement. Further, we show that the spatial variability of the abatement actually achieved at a given carbon price is large, indicating that abatement cost heterogeneity is a fundamental feature in the design of a mitigation policy. We assess the efficiency loss associated...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Greenhouse gas emissions; Agriculture; Methane; Nitrous oxide; European Union; Marginal abatement costs; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q25; Q15.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58401

Dimensions of Wealth Dispersion Among Farm Operator Households:  An Assessment of the Impact of Farm Subsidies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: El-Osta,   Hisham S.; Mishra,   Ashok K.
This paper uses microlevel data from the Agricultural Resource Management Survey to examine the changes in the distributions of household wealth and to assess the role farm subsidies play, among other factors, in affecting these distributions.  The empirical analysis relies on the concept of the adjusted Gini coefficient and on fixed-effect regression procedures.  Coefficients from fixed-effect estimation indicate a negative correlation between government payments and wealth dispersion, with the effect shifting toward more of a positive relation when government payments were allowed to interact with regional dummies.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Adjusted Gini coefficient; Agricultural Resource Management Survey; Fixed-effects regression; Government subsidies; Life cycle; Wealth dispersion; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Livestock Production/Industries; Production Economics; C33; D31; D63; O18; Q15.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43733

Perception of Land Scarcity by Peri-Urban Farmers
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Vandermeulen,   Valerie; Verspecht,   Ann; Van Huylenbroeck,   Guido.
Farmers in peri-urban regions face many problems, among which land scarcity is a major one according to literature. However, as indicated by a survey among farmers in the peri-urban region around Brussels, land scarcity is not perceived as a problem by all farmers to the same extent. Based on econometric analysis, the survey results show that perception of land scarcity is mainly influenced by differences in landownership and perceived ratio between farm land prices and real land prices. Changes in each of these variables will lead to a shift in the problems a farmer faces and will therefore stimulate different farming or land use strategies.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Peri-urban; Land availability; Land prices; Landownership; Land Economics/Use; O18; R14; Q11; Q15.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24449

The relationship between farm size and productivity: empirical evidence from the Nepalese mid-hills
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Thapa,   Sridhar.
This paper examines the farm size and productivity relationship using data from Nepalese mid hills. The household data used has been drawn from a survey conducted by the author and financed by the Norwegian University of Life Science. The analysis uses models both allowing for and not allowing for village dummies(as cluster controls), the ratio of irrigated land (as proxy for land quality), and other socio-economic variables such as households, belonging to caste groups, and family size (as proxy for access to resources). The result supported the almost â€˜stylized factâ€™ of inverse relationship (IR) between farm size and output per hectare. Total cash input use and labour hours per hectare were found to be higher on small farms. The findings of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Inverse relationship; Farm size; Productivity; Returns to scale; Nepal; Q15; O13; Farm Management.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7940

THE CURRENT SITUATION ON FARMLAND VALUES AND OWNERSHIP
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Duffy,   Michael D.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Farmland Values; Farmland Ownership; Speculative Bubble; Land Purchases; Land Economics/Use; Q15.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109468

IMPACT OF THE INTRODUCTION OF DECOUPLED PAYMENTS ON FUNCTIONING OF THE GERMAN LAND MARKET. COUNTRY REPORT OF THE EU TENDER: "STUDY ON THE FUNCTIONING OF LAND MARKETS IN THOSE EU MEMBER STATES INFLUENCED BY MEASURES APPLIED UNDER THE COMMON AGRICULTURAL POLICY"
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Henter,   Sybille Henriette; Kellermann,   Konrad; Moller,   Lioudmila; Roder,   Norbert; Sahrbacher,   Christoph; Zirnbauer,   Martin.
Against the background of the reform of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) in 2003 the following analysis, brings into focus the responses of the agricultural sector to decoupled subsidies. In particular it addresses the impact of the Single Payment Scheme (SPS) on land sales and rent prices and therefore on farm structure. It also aims to assess the extent to which the reform advances sound and sustainable agriculture and provides incentives for market-orientated farming practices. The study is based on the analysis of statistical data and expert surveys conducted in three selected regions.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Bodenmärkte; Halbzeitbewertung; GAP; Strukturwandel; Land markets; Midterm review; CAP; Structural change.; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Farm Management; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; Political Economy; Q15; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91763

Land Reallocation and Its Impacts on Technical Efficiency --Evidence from China’s Agricultural Production
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zhang,   Yanjie; Wang,   Xiaobing.
China’s economic reforms make the farmers face the risk of land reallocation and adjustment, raising the questions about the impact of land reallocation on farm productivity and efficiency. Deep understanding what determines land reallocation, whether and to what extent farm productivity and efficiency are affected by the frequency of land reallocation could help policy makers introduce better targeted rural development policies. The aim of this study is first to explore the determinants of land reallocation, and then analyze how land reallocation influences productivity and efficiency in agricultural production. This study is based on panel data set over 1995-2002 from rural households in Hubei and Yunnan provinces. Our results indicate that the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land reallocation; Technical efficiency; Rural China; Land Economics/Use; Q12; Q15.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51954

Precio de la tierra con presión urbana: un modelo para España
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Decimavilla,   Esther; San Juan,   Carlos; Sperlich,   Stefan.
RESUMEN: Estudiamos el precio de la tierra para uso agrario y las variables que determinan su evolución en España, tratando de identificar qué parte de la subida de precios observada se justifica por elementos «internos», relacionados con la renta agraria esperada, y cuál proviene de elementos externos o especulativos, vinculados a cambios en el uso del suelo. Además se relaciona el ciclo de precios con la aceleración de la especialización en el ámbito regional y la integración en la PAC. La novedad de este trabajo consiste en identificar, mediante técnicas de datos de panel, factores no fundamentales (presión urbanizadora, creación de regadíos, cambio demográfico) que, además de los fundamentales (ingresos esperados y localización geográfica) determinan...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Especialización regional; Especulación urbana; Datos de panel; Precios de la tierra; Productividad agraria; Urban pressure; Panel data; Land prices; Agricultural productivity; Regional specialization; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q15; R14; Q24; R52.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37186

Productivity and Efficiency of Corporate and Individual Farms in Ukraine
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lerman,   Zvi; Sedik,   David J.
The paper presents a comparative analysis of the productivity of corporate and individual farms in Ukraine based primarily on cross-section data from a farm survey conducted by FAO in 2005. We calculate partial land and labor productivity, total factor productivity, and technical efficiency scores (using Stochastic Frontier Analysis) for farms of different organizational forms. Our results demonstrate with considerable confidence that, contrary to established convictions among the Ukrainian decision makers, the large corporate farms are not more productive than the smaller family farms. This finding is not restricted to Ukraine, as a similar result has been obtained by in Moldova, Russia, and the U.S. Policies encouraging a shift from large corporate farms...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Family farms; Corporate farms; Comparative performance; Technical efficiency; Total factor productivity; Agrarian reforms; Transition countries; Farm Management; Productivity Analysis; D24; J24; P27; P31; P32; Q12; Q15; R14.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9985

Performance of Crop Insurance Scheme in Udaipur District of Rajasthan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rathore,   Vikram Singh; Burark,   S.S.; Jain,   H.K.
farms in Salumber tehsil of Udaipur district during 2008-09. The study has revealed that farm income per family is higher on beneficiary farms as compared to non-beneficiary farms. The progress of crop insurance scheme in Rajasthan has been found positive, as is evidenced through compound and linear growth rates. In the Udaipur district, the progress of crop insurance scheme has been found positive, except the claim passed to the number of farmers and amount of sum insured. At the overall level, the total area insured under the crop insurance programme has been only about 45 per cent of the total cropped area of the beneficiary farms. Use of inputs such as human and bullock labour, seed, manures, fertilizers, pesticides, etc. has been found significantly...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Crop insurance; Insurance premium; Compensation; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q15; Q18; Q19.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109411

The Motivation for Organic Grain Farming in the United States: Profits, Lifestyle, or the Environment?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Peterson,   Hikaru Hanawa; Barkley,   Andrew P.; Chacon-Cascante,   Adriana; Kastens,   Terry L.
The objective of this research is to identify and quantify the motivations for organic grain farming in the United States. Survey data of US organic grain producers were used in regression models to find the statistical determinants of three motivations for organic grain production, including profit maximization, environmental stewardship, and an organic lifestyle. Results provide evidence that many organic grain producers had more than a single motivation and that younger farmers are more likely to be motivated by environmental and lifestyle goals than older farmers. Organic grain producers exhibited a diversity of motivations, including profit and stewardship.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Farm Management; Q01; Q12; Q15.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123783

Determinants of Timberland Use by Ownership and Forest Type in Alabama and Georgia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nagubadi,   Rao V.; Zhang,   Daowei.
Land use changes and timberland use by ownership and forest type in Alabama and Georgia between 1972 and 2000 are analyzed using a modified multinomial logit approach.  Low average land quality, federal cost-share incentives, and favorable returns to forestry relative to agriculture were the main factors associated with timberland increase.  Higher forestry returns helped increase industrial timberland but not nonindustrial private forests.  An increase in hardwood forests at the expense of softwood and mixed forests was driven by increasing hardwood returns.  Increasing softwood returns and tree planting assistance programs alleviated declines in softwood forests.  Because factors influencing timberland use changes differ by ownership and forest type,...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Forest type; Land use determinants; Modified multinomial logit; Timberland ownership; Land Economics/Use; Q15; Q23; R15.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43726

Water use efficiency and maximizing profitability of grain sorghum  production in the Texas Panhandle
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ahamadou,   Aly; Dembele,   Mamadou; Almas,   Lal K.; Brooks,   Kathleen R.
The reduction in the availability of irrigation water and the increase in pumping costs resulting from the decline in the Ogallala Aquifer make good management decisions more critical for the survival of the farm firm and the success of the agricultural sector in the Texas Panhandle. Response functions for irrigation and percentage potential evapotranspiration (PET) in the production of grain sorghum are estimated.  The response functions are transferred into value product functions and combined with an irrigation energy cost function to determine the profit maximizing irrigation strategy. Three management decision variables; total water available, the level of irrigation and the water to meet crop ET requirements are evaluated. Grain sorghum yield,...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Grain sorghum; ET; Maximizing profit; Irrigation efficiency; Input use optimization; Water conservation; Ogallala Aquifer; Texas Panhandle.; Farm Management; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q12; Q15; Q25; Q32; And Q34.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119801

Land Distributional and Income Effects of the Chinese Land Rental Market
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wu,   Ziping.
Using panel data of 450 farm households for the period of 1996-2001 in Zhejiang, China, we measured land distributional effect and income effect of the land rental market. It is found that the rental market had contributed for a less equal land distribution among the households, and for the concentration of land to households with higher efficiency. With a land rental market in a dynamic economic development process, improvements in overall production efficiency of the households, however, mainly come from the reduction of land abandonment and the contribution from land changing hands is very limited.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land rental market; Distribution; Efficiency; Land abandonment; Land Economics/Use; Q12; O1; Q15.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25294

Consumers’ Willingness-to-Pay for Retail Branded Beef Products with Bundled Attributes
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Franken,   Jason R.V.; Parcell,   Joseph L.; Tonsor,   Glynn T.
With a declining share of the domestic meat market, some beef producers are becoming more attentive to opportunities for value-added products tailored to the desires of certain consumer segments. Using a survey of St. Louis and Kansas City, Missouri meat consumers, this study investigates perceptions of and willingness-to-pay for various value-added attributes that could be supplied as retail branded beef products.  Factor analysis identifies two alternative attribute bundles as branding strategies based on perceived importance and complementarity of attributes. Nonparametric procedures provide conservative estimates of willingness-to-pay.  Parametric methods identify types of consumers willing to pay significantly higher premiums.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Beef; Branding; Marketing; Value-added; Willingness-to-pay; Agribusiness; Marketing; Q13; Q15.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103609

LAND REFORM IN MOLDOVA: HOW VIABLE ARE EMERGING PEASANT FARMS? AN ASSESSMENT REFERRING TO A RECENT WORLD BANK STUDY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Petrick,   Martin.
Based on a case study of two Moldovan regions, the paper challenges the favourable assessment of recently established peasant farms in a World Bank study by LERMAN et al. (1998). The main arguments in favour of a more critical view of the results of land privatisation and farm restructuring are that a) private farmers produce only on a minimal fraction of land with almost no machinery or purchased inputs at all, b) the income of a typical farm household is below a poverty line based on national standards, c) private farmers face substantial production and marketing risks, d) at present, it is unlikely that short- or long-term investment projects in agriculture can be credit funded. Currently, peasant farms are mainly run to produce a minimum diet for the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agriculture in transition; Land reform; Poverty; Subsistence farming; Moldova; Agricultural and Food Policy; Land Economics/Use; Q12; Q15; P36.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14882

Agricultura familiar e programas de desenvolvimento rural no Alto Jequitinhonha
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ribeiro,   Eduardo Magalhaes; Galizoni,   Flavia Maria; Silvestre,   Luiz Henrique Aparecido; Calixto,   Juliana Sena; Assis,   Thiago Rodrigo de Paula; Ayres,   Eduardo Barbosa.
The agrarian conditions and the low relative levels of the socioeconomic indicators cause the area of the “High Jequitinhonha Valley”, in the northeast of the State of Minas Gerais, to be considered one of the most complex areas of Brazil. For this reason several governanmental administrations have recommended rural development programs. Most of these efforts, however, have not produced adequate results. This article analyzes the relationships between public programs and family farming, making a survey of the methods and results of the last three decades. It concludes that there is a need to incorporate the specificities of history, environment and culture into the rural programs. It is suggested that the programs take into consideration the experience...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Family farming; Rural extension; Rural development; Public programs; Jequitinhonha Valley.; Agribusiness; R58; Q15.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61929

Gender, Low-cost Land Certification, and Land Rental Market Participation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Holden,   Stein T.; Deininger,   Klaus W.; Ghebru,   Hosaena H.
Land policy
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land certification; Land rental market participation; Female landlords; Land Economics/Use; Q15.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51575

The Effects of Well Management and the Nature of the Aquifer on Groundwater Resources
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Huang,   Qiuqiong; Liu,   Yang; Rozelle,   Scott; Polasky,   Stephen; Wang,   Jingxia.
This paper examines how the nature of a common property resource affects the effectiveness of community-based management on resource conservation. We focus on groundwater management in rural China because there are different types of community-based groundwater management in different communities. In some communities wells are collectively owned and the community leader allocates water among households. In our paper we call this collective well management. In other communities wells are privately owned and households make their own pumping decisions. We call this private well management. In comparing the effects of different types of well management on the groundwater resource, unlike previous studies, we control for the nature of the aquifer. Communities...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Community-based management; Connected community; Isolated community; Collective well management; Private well management; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q15; Q25; O17.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49920

The Long-Term Impacts of Orphanhood on Education Attainment and Land Inheritance among Adults in Rural Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yamano,   Takashi.
The long-term economic impacts of the AIDS epidemic on orphans have been major concerns in countries hit by the epidemic. Responding to these concerns, previous studies have investigated the schooling of orphans. Yet, few studies have investigated the impacts of orphan status into adulthood. Therefore, this paper examines the education attainment and land inheritance of former orphans, who have lost at least one parent before reaching 15, by using a survey of 889 households in Kenya in 2004. In the survey, we have asked the ages of household members when they lost their parents, if they have suffered such a loss, and identified former orphans. Among individuals who started schooling before the Free Education Program introduced in 1974, we find about a one...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: HIV/AIDS; Orphans; Land Inheritance; Schooling; Kenya; Labor and Human Capital; I0; I3; J1; O1; Q15.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25263

Farmland Allocation along the Rural-Urban Gradient: The Impacts of Urbanization and Urban Sprawl
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Delbecq,   Benoit A.; Florax,   Raymond J.G.M.
In the vicinity of a city, farmers are confronted with increasing agricultural land prices and rents along the rural-urban gradient, but they concurrently enjoy the advantages associated with proximity to a larger and wealthier consumer base. We hypothesize that farmers transition from low-value, land-intensive \traditional" crops to high-value, labor-intensive \specialized" crops on parcels located closer to urban centers. Once returns to development of a parcel exceed the profits associated with farming, exurban farmers may sell their land for conversion to urban use. Urban pressure in the rural-urban fringe intensifies as cities expand. We differentiate between a gradual process of urban growth (or urbanization) and urban sprawl. Utilizing farmland...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land use; Urban sprawl; Agriculture; Specialized crops; Spatial econometrics; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Land Economics/Use; C31; O13; Q15; R14.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61723

Range and Limit of Geographical Indication Scheme: The Case of Basmati Rice from Punjab, Pakistan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Giraud,   Georges.
Basmati is well renowned as the most aromatic rice over the world. Populated urban markets are prone to accept a premium to Basmati, whom price is the highest for rice on trade and domestic markets. Punjab province represents 90% of overall Basmati rice production in Pakistan since immemorial times. This area forms the genuine alluvial lands appropriate for Basmati cultivation. Due to its price premium, some opportunist behaviors appear such as cropping blending of polished long grain from other varieties. The need of protection is clearly documented, but the registration of a Geographical Indication, will probably increase Basmati market shortages.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Basmati rice; Marketing; Commodity chain; Geographical Indication; Pakistan; Marketing; Q10; Q13; Q15.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53628

FARMERS’ SURVIVAL STRATEGIES IN THE NORTH OF SCOTLAND
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bergmann,   Holger; Thomson,   Kenneth J.
Small and medium-sized farms all over Europe guarantee their survival by a broad range of strategies and different income sources. In remoter areas of highly developed countries such as the UK, such strategies may be expected to have their own characteristics, both legislative and socio-economic. This paper reports results from a socio-economic survey carried out among 40 Scottish agricultural households in the Caithness and Sutherland region of the North of Scotland, focussing specifically on the diversification strategies of (larger) farms and (smaller) crofts related to the multifunctionality of agriculture. After analysing the land, labour and capital use of farm/croft households in the region, the paper analyses why farms/crofts in this remote area...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Farm households; Scottish Highlands; Income sources; Diversification; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Q12; Q15; R20; R10.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52832

THE COST OF MEETING EQUITY: OPPORTUNITY COST OF IRRIGATION IN THE FISH-SUNDAYS SCHEME OF SOUTH AFRICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hoag,   Dana L.; Conradie,   Beatrice.
In this paper the incremental values of water are calculated for irrigators in the Fish-Sundays Scheme of South Africa's Eastern Cape province. The socio-political pressure for redistribution of agricultural resources provided the imperative for this study. The model of the Fish-Sundays Scheme reflects a survey of 50 000ha of fodder and citrus production. It explicitly models the water demand on sixteen typical farms, for five irrigation technologies, six crops and four livestock activities. The existing allocation generates an average value of R0.0423/m3/year, which increases to R0.0681/m3/year if farmer-to-farmer trading is allowed given existing infrastructure. Unrestricted trade raises the average value to R0.0719/m3/year. The marginal cost of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Water value; Irrigation; Linear programming; South Africa; Eastern Cape; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q15; Q12.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25832

Using Farm Sales as a Means Test for Receiving Direct Payments
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ray,   Daryll E.; Schaffer,   Harwood D.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Finance; Q18; Q17; Q15; Q51.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93680

Biofuels Potential in Latin America and the Caribbean: Quantitative Considerations and Policy Implications for the Agricultural Sector
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ludena,   Carlos E.; Razo,   Carlos; Saucedo,   Alberto.
Rising oil prices has led to increased interest to replace domestic demand for liquid fuels for transport (petrol and diesel) with biofuel production (ethanol and biodiesel). One of the pioneers in biofuel production is Brazil, which since the 1970s has established a government program that promotes the production and consumption of ethanol. Currently, Brazil is the leading producer of ethanol in the world and has started also programs for biodiesel production based on soybeans, oil palm and other crops. Other countries in Latin America and the Caribbean have also expressed interest in biofuel production, and have started programs, and in some cases the legislation that promotes biofuel production. However, most of the analysis of biofuel crops has been...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biofuels; Land availability; Price effect; Agricultural structure; Latin America; Caribbean; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q42; Q48; Q11; Q15.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9986

Links among Farm Productivity, Off-Farm Work, and Farm Size in the Southeast
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yee,   Jet; Ahearn,   Mary Clare; Huffman,   Wallace E.
This paper examines the linkages among agricultural total factor productivity, farm size, and farm household participation in the off-farm labor market for the Southeastern states for the period 1960-1996.  We find evidence of a simultaneous relationship between productivity and measures of farm structure.  The results support the expected relationships between the endogenous variables, namely that productivity and farm size are positively related, farm size and off-farm work participation are negatively related, and off-farm work and productivity are negatively related.  We find positive and significant impacts of government policies (investments in public research, extension, and highways) on productivity growth.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Farm size; Off-farm work; Productivity; Southeast; Structural change; J22; O47; Q15; Q16; Q18.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43450

Agriculture in Post-War Bosnia and Herzegovina: Social Buffer vs. Development
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bojnec,   Stefan.
This paper draws attention to the specific post-civil-war situation in agriculture and the food sector in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&amp;H). These developments are presented in an association with the overall situation in the country. Due to economic and non-economic reasons, B&amp;H faces a general problem of a lack of international competitiveness. In a current situation, there are rare products to be internationally competitive and the country relies on imports of food and other products. During the post-civil-war emergency and reconstruction stage, the bulk of food and agricultural inputs, were donated or granted by different governments, humanitarian organizations, and donors to mitigate the effects of widespread poverty caused by the war destructions...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Social buffer; Land leasing; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Agribusiness; Q15; Q18; O13; O52.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24726

Precision Timing and Spatial Allocation of Economic Fertilizer Application
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dillon,   Carl R.; Gandonou,   Jean-Marc.
Recent increases in fertilizer, particularly nitrogen, and fuel price have resulted in increased production cost for farmers.  In this paper a farm level production model that compare uniform and variable rate fertilizer (NPK) application is developed that permits an analysis of the economic performance of fertilizer management regarding profitability.  Results show that farmer's exposure to fertilizer and fuel prices risk have substantial impact both on the expected net returns and production practices for producers both uniform and variable rate technology.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Q12; Q15; Q55; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/34955

Skills, Partnership and Tenancy in Sri Lanka Rice Farms
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Desilva,   Sanjaya.
This paper examines whether sharecroppers and fixed-rent tenants in the rice farms of South Asia are distinguished by their farming skills. The idea that fixed-rent contracts are typically given to relatively skilled tenants dates back to the agricultural (tenancy) ladder hypothesis of Spillman [1919]. The screening models [e.g. Hallagan 1978] that have attempted to formalize this idea assume that landlords do not observe the tenants’ skill levels. This assumption is restrictive, and has found little support in empirical studies. The principal-agent model proposed in this paper focuses on the differences between time-intensive and skillintensive labor tasks. I show that tenancy contracts are designed to match the provision of these tasks with the owners of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Land tenancy; Farming skills; Agricultural labor; Sri Lanka; Crop Production/Industries; O13; O17; D23; Q12; Q15.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28401

MARKET REFORMS VERSUS STRUCTURAL REFORMS IN RURAL CHINA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Carter,   Colin A.; Estrin,   Andrew J.
This paper adds to the debate on the impact of market reforms versus structural reforms in explaining agricultural output growth in China. A multiple-output stochastic frontier and a technical inefficiency equation are estimated using provincial data on the rural economy from 1986 to 1995. Grain self-sufficiency policies and incomplete market reforms in the 1980s and 1990s led to allocative inefficiency. Agricultural disinvestment shrunk the production frontier and the fragmentation of land holdings reduced technical efficiency. China'’s rural economic reform is far from being complete.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; O47; Q12; Q15.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11965

Impact of Groundwater Over-draft on Farm Income and Efficiency in Crop Production
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sharif,   Mahin; Ashok,   K.R.
In this study, the cost of groundwater extraction, impact of groundwater depletion on farm income, wateruse efficiency, technical efficiency in crop production and costs of groundwater depletion among different categories of farmers have been reported. The study has been conducted in the Chamarajanagar district of the Karnataka state, where groundwater is the major source of irrigation. Data have been collected from over-exploited, semi-critical and safe villages. The study has shown a wide difference between large and small farms in their access to groundwater resource in terms of cost. The functional analysis has revealed that farm income is lower in over-exploited and semi-critical villages compared to safe villages. The mean technical efficiency in...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Groundwater; Over-draft; Farm income; Water-use efficiency; Technical efficiency; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q12; Q15; Q25.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119382

Salvage the treasure of geographic information in Farm census data
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gocht,   Alexander; Roder,   Norbert.
In Germany, since several decades the RAUMIS modelling system is applied for policy impact assessments to measure the impact of agriculture on the environment. A disaggregation at the municipality level with more than 9.600 administrative units, instead of currently used 316 counties, would tremendously improve the environmental impact analysis. Two sets of data are used for this purpose. The first are geo-referenced data, that are, however, incomplete with respect its coverage of production activities in agriculture. The second set is the micro census statistic itself, that has a full coverage, but data protection rules (DPR) prohibit its straightforward use. The paper show how this bottleneck can be passed to obtain a reliable modelling data set at...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Highest Posterior Density estimator (HPD); RAUMIS; Down scaling; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C11; C61; C81; Q15.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/115982

Salvage the treasure of geographic information in Farm census data
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gocht,   Alexander; Roder,   Norbert.
In Germany, since several decades the RAUMIS modelling system is applied for policy impact assessments to measure the impact of agriculture on the environment. A disaggregation at the municipality level with more than 9.600 administrative units, instead of currently used 316 counties, would tremendously improve the environmental impact analysis. Two sets of data are used for this purpose. The first are geo-referenced data, that are, however, incomplete with respect its coverage of production activities in agriculture. The second set is the micro census statistic itself, that has a full coverage, but data protection rules (DPR) prohibit its straightforward use. The paper show how this bottleneck can be passed to obtain a reliable modelling data set at...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Highest Posterior Density estimator (HPD); RAUMIS; Down scaling; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C11; C61; C81; Q15.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114824

Scale Effects, Technical Efficiency and Land Lease in China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wang,   Xiaobing; Yu,   Xiaohua.
Using a panel dataset from Zhejiang province in China over the period 1995-2002, we propose a two-step estimation procedure to investigate the links between land lease activity and production efficiency. We find that the output elasticity with respect to land, the scale effect and the technical efficiency are higher for farmers involved in land-lease activities. In addition, technical efficiency and land-lease activity are endogenous, and farmers with higher technical efficiency are more likely to lease more land and adopt advanced technologies to achieve higher profits, which in turn alters the technical efficiency.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land Lease; Land Use Rights; Technical Efficiency; Scale Effect; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use; Q15; P23; D50.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/115736

Addressing the wicked problem of water resource management: An ecosystem services approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hearnshaw,   Edward J.S.; Tompkins,   Jean-Marie; Cullen,   Ross.
This paper develops a systematic assessment of the sustainability of ecosystem services provided by rivers impacted by water storage projects. Given the conflicting preferences amongst stakeholders and the incomplete, uncertain and contradictory understanding about river ecology it is recognized that managing water resources sustainably is a wicked problem. In order to address this wicked problem, the methods of multi-criteria analysis and graph analysis are applied, in accordance with integrated water resource management, to assess the potential of investing in water storage projects and explore for sustainable solutions through the construction of an ecosystem services index.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ecosystem services; Ecosystem services index; Graph analysis; Integrated water resource management; Multi-criteria analysis; Sustainability; Wicked problems; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q15; Q25; Q27; Q51; Q58; Q57.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100556

PRODUCTIVITY AND EFFICIENCY OF SMALL AND LARGE FARMS IN MOLDOVA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lerman,   Zvi; Sutton,   William R.
The paper presents a comparative analysis of the productivity of small and large farms in Moldova based primarily on cross-section data from three farm surveys conducted by the World Bank and USAID in 2000 and 2003. The survey data are supplemented where feasible with time series from official national-level statistics. We calculate partial land and labor productivity, total factor productivity, and technical efficiency scores (using Stochastic Frontier and Data Envelopment Analysis algorithms) for the two categories of small individual farms and large corporate farms. Our results demonstrate with considerable confidence that small individual farms in Moldova are more productive and more efficient than large corporate farms. This finding is not restricted...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Family farms; Corporate farms; Comparative performance; Technical efficiency; Total factor productivity; Agrarian reforms; Transition countries; Farm Management; D24; J24; P27; P31; P32; Q12; Q15; R14.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7133

Structural Adjustment Processes of Farming Enterprises: The Role of Trust for Cooperation and Collaboration Strategies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Albisser,   Gregor.
As a consequence of the reorientation of the Swiss as well as the European agricultural policy, prices for agricultural products drop and farmers have to reduce their production costs or will lose income. Therefore a lot of farmers have a high incentive to change their production structures. One of the most effective strategies to reduce production costs is going into cooperation and collaboration with other farmers. Therewith farmers can profit from scale effects without changing the property rights. Several case studies as well as results from modeling reveal that farmers have more income with less workload. In reality only 3% of Swiss farmers have gone into a collective farming system. Weaker forms of cooperation like sharing machinery are more common...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agent-based simulation; Structural change; Cooperation strategies; Collaboration; Agribusiness; Farm Management; C61; Q12; Q15.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6576

Moving from ‘land titling’ to ‘land governance’:   The case of the Kyrgyz Republic
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Undeland,   Asyl; Burns,   Tony; Deininger,   Klaus W.; Selod,   Harris.
There is a growing recognition that well-defined and enforceable property rights to land are important for a range of economic and social functions. To assess land governance at the country level, the World Bank has elaborated a diagnostic tool based on empirical indicators that aims to identify areas for improvement and that could be used to monitor progress in the land sector. This tool, the Land Governance Assessment Framework (LGAF), was first tested in Peru, Ethiopia, Tanzania, Indonesia and in the Kyrgyz Republic, and is currently being implemented in a number of other countries worldwide. The present paper summarizes the main results obtained from the Kyrgyz pilot to illustrate the case of land governance issues that arise in a post-transition...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Indicators; Land policy; Land administration; Transition economy; Agricultural and Food Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Political Economy; P21; Q15; R52.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90831

The Choice of Participation Forms in Community-Based Group Farming and Efficiency in Team Production
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nakajima,   Shinsaku; Tahara,   Kengo.
Past studies suggest that family farming is more productive than farming groups, but empirical studies are not enough to conclude which is more efficient. This paper tries to econometrically analyze the efficiency difference between farming groups and family farming, using original plot yield data from a district in Japan. We accomplish this by, first, analyzing the empirical determinants behind the farmers’ choice of participation forms in farming groups based on communities. Second, we verify the presence of free-riding at community-based farming groups which adopts an income-pooling system. Results of the regression analysis showed that for the choice of participation forms in farming groups the most important factor is family labor force. Estimating...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Collectives; Tenancy Contract; Moral Hazard; Farm Management; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; D23; D86; Q15.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51640

Access to Land, Income Diversification and Poverty Reduction in Rural Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Karugia,   Joseph Thuo; Oluoch-Kosura,   Willis; Nyikal,   Rose Adhiambo; Odumbe,   Michael; Marenya,   Paswel Phiri.
The increasing land scarcity and the worsening trend of poverty in Kenya in recent years have raised concerns about the focus on land-based agriculture as the basis of growth in the rural areas. This paper combines two complementary data sets obtained from two locations in Kenya, drawn against distinctively different land availability patterns, to examine the diverse rural asset base and key sources of livelihood in the rural areas. The analysis reveals that while access to productive land is still an important determinant of livelihoods in the rural areas, even where land holdings are very small, growth in farm productivity alone may not guarantee households sufficient incomes to escape poverty. We find evidence to suggest that growth of non-farm sector...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Diversification; Livelihoods; Land holding; Assets; Kenya.; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Q12; Q15; Q18; O18; O13.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25488

An Economic Analysis of Water Infrastructure Investments, Agricultural Productivity and Climate Change in the Mekong Delta: Adapting to Increased Salinity and Sea Level Rise
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Corderi Novoa,   David; Williams,   Jeffrey C.; Howitt,   Richard E.; Lund,   Jay R.
Replaced with revised version of paper 07/24/11.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Adaptation; Agriculture; Water resources; Dynamic programming; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; Production Economics; Risk and Uncertainty; Q54; Q25; Q15.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103875

Tomato Farmers and Modern Markets in Nicaragua: A Duration Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hernandez,   Ricardo; Reardon,   Thomas.
This paper explores whether farm land and non-land assets determine the participation of tomato growers in modern markets in Nicaragua, and how farmers’ duration as supermarket suppliers affects the farm technology they use. The methodology is based on a survival analysis approach. We use data from a stratified random sample of tomato farmers in Nicaragua over a 10-year period. Our results show that participation in supermarket supply chains as supermarket supplier is not determined by farm size, contrary to a common hypothesis, and thus small farmers can be supermarket suppliers. However, non-land assets are important determinants of being in the modern channel: these assets include irrigation, nonfarm assets (linked to nonfarm employment) and education....
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Supermarkets; Nicaragua; Technology Adoption; Agribusiness; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O19; O54; O13; Q12; Q13; Q15.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121802

Dynamics of Phosphorus Fertilization and Liming Under Land Tenure Insecurity
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Myyra,   Sami; Pietola,   Kyosti.
This article solves and characterizes optimal decision rules to invest in irreversible land improvements conditional on land tenure insecurity.  Economic model is a normative dynamic programming model with known parameter for the one period returns and transition equations.  The decision rules are solved numerically conditional on alternative scenarios on the likelihood that the lease contract and, thus, farmer access to land is either renewed or expires.  The model parameters represent Finnish soil quality and production conditions.  The results suggest that irreversible land improvements decrease quickly and the yields decline gradually when the farmer is confronted with land tenure insecurity caused by uncertain renewal of the lease contract.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Dynamic programming; Land Economics/Use; Q15; Q21.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24633

Modes of Land Access and Welfare Impacts in Uganda
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tatwangire,   Alex; Holden,   Stein T.
This article estimates the poverty reducing impact of land access in rural Uganda. Using balanced panel data for 309 households in 2001, 2003, and 2005, models that control for unobserved household heterogeneity and endogeneity of land acquisition and disposition are employed to measure the poverty-reduction effect of land on household income and expenditure per adult equivalent. Significant poverty reduction effects of increased land access in form of owned, operated and market-accessed land were found. The poverty reduction effect for land accessed through the market was significantly larger than the poverty reduction effect of land accessed through inheritance.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Endogeneity of land access; Unobserved heterogeneity; Poverty impacts.; Land Economics/Use; O55; Q15; O12.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51635

Land Preservation in British Columbia: An Empirical Analysis of the Factors Underlying Public Support and Willingness to Pay
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Androkovich,   Robert A.; Desjardins,   Ivan; Tarzwell,   Gordon; Tsogaris,   Peter.
This study extends previous empirical research on land preservation by considering an actual land preservation scheme, the agricultural land reserve in British Columbia, Canada. The reserve was established in 1973 to ensure that development did not occur on the province’s most productive agricultural land. ‘To ensure that local food production is maintained,’ ‘the economic importance of British Columbia’s agricultural sector,’ and ‘to protect the environment’ are the most important factors that underlie support for the reserve. Aggregate, provincewide willingness to pay to maintain the land reserve is substantial, with our most conservative estimate being Can$91.18 million per year.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Contingent; Land; Preservation; Valuation; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q15; Q24; Q28; Q51.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47273

The Dynamics of Farm Land Allocation - Short and Long Run Reactions in Long Micro Panel
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Arnberg,   Soren; Hansen,   Lars Garn.
This study develops a dynamic multi-output model of farmers’ crop allocation decisions that allows estimation of both short-run and long-run adjustments to a wide array of economic incentives.  The method can be used to inform decision makers on a number of issues including agricultural policy reform and environmental regulation.  The model allows estimation of dynamic effects relating to price expectations adjustment, investment lags, and crop rotation constraints.  Estimation is based on micro-panel data from Danish farmers that includes acreage, output, and variable input utilization at the crop level.  Results indicate that there are substantial differences between the short- and long-run land allocation behavior of Danish farmers and that there are...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land allocation; Crop rotation; System of dynamic equations; Micro panel data; GMM; Land Economics/Use; C33; Q12; Q15.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9978

What's Nature Done for You Lately: Measuring the Value of Ecosystem Services
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Polasky,   Stephen.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Ecosystem services; Ecological production function; Non-market valuation; Public goods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q57; Q20; Q51; Q15.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94654

The Nitrogen Fertilizer Value of Baled Broiler Litter for Cotton Production in the Arkansas Delta
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kemper,   Nathan; Goodwin,   Harold L., Jr.; Mozaffari,   Morteza.
The export of poultry litter by baling efficiently packages litter for long-term storage and transportation. Use of baled poultry litter to supply the recommended rates of P and K and a portion of the N rate appears to be a feasible nutrient management strategy for cotton.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Poultry waste management; Cotton production; Fertilizer; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q15; Q53.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6809

Evolución histórica de la Superficie Agrícola Utilizada en Galicia (1962-2006). Integración de fuentes estadísticas y cartográficas
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Corbelle Rico,   Eduardo; Crecente Maseda,   Rafael.
NOTA BREVE
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Abandono de tierras; Cambios de uso; Estadística agraria; Galicia (España); Agricultural and Food Policy; N54; Q15.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57292

GENERATING PLAUSIBLE CROP DISTRIBUTION MAPS FOR SUB-SAHARA AFRICA USING SPATIAL ALLOCATION MODEL
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: You,   Liangzhi; Wood,   Stanley; Wood-Sichra,   Ulrike.
Spatial data, which are data that include the coordinates (either by latitude/longitude or by other addressing methods) on the surface of the earth, are essential for agricultural development. As fundamental parameters for agriculture policy research agricultural production statistics by geopolitical units such as country or sub-national entities have been used in many econometric analyses. However, collecting sub-national data is quite difficult in particular for developing countries. Even with great effort and only on regional scales, enormous data gaps exist and are unlikely to be filled. On the other hand, the spatial scale of even the subnational unit is relatively large for detailed spatial analysis. To fill these spatial data gaps we proposed a...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Sub-Sahara Africa; Cross entropy; Satellite image; Spatial allocation; Agricultural production; Crop suitability; Crop Production/Industries; C60; Q15; Q24.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19965

Fallstudie zur Wirkung der Ausgleichszulage  im Landkreis Oberallgäu (Bayern)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rudow,   Katja; Pitsch,   Marion.
Zusammenfassung: Ziel dieser Fallstudie im Landkreis Oberallgäu ist es, die Wirkung der Ausgleichszulage auf verschiedene Bereiche der Landwirtschaft und des ländlichen Raumes in einem „typischen“ benachteiligten Gebiet vertieft zu untersuchen. Dazu wurden vorhandene Statistiken, relevante Literatur und die Daten des Testbetriebsnetzes ausgewertet sowie Befragungen mit Landwirten und Experten durchgeführt. Anhand einer schriftlichen Befragung von Beratern aus strukturell ähnlichen Landkreisen wurde die Übertragbarkeit der Fallstudie geprüft und alle Ergebnisse anschließend auf einem Workshop mit den für die Ausgleichszulage zuständigen Fachreferenten der Länder und des Bundes diskutiert.  Ergebnis der Fallstudie war, dass zum Zeitpunkt der Untersuchung die...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Benachteiligte Gebiete; Ausgleichszulage; Berggebiet; Fallstudie; Less Favoured Areas; Compensatory allowance; Mountainous areas; Case study; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; P25; Q15; Q18.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103252

Social Capital and Soil Erosion Control in Agriculturally Marginal Areas of Kenya: The Case of Machakos and Taita-Taveta Districts
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Obare,   Gideon A.; Mwakubo,   Samuel M.; Ouma,   Emily Awuor; Mohammed,   Lutta; Omiti,   John M.
This paper evaluates the farmers’ perception of the soil erosion problem, and identifies and analyses social capital elements that motivate households to actively participate in soil conservation in agricultural production process. The data used in the study was generated using a structured questionnaire in a survey that covered 321 households in Kenya’s semi arid districts of Machakos and Taita-Taveta Districts.  Two modelling strategies were used: A Probit model was used to estimate the likelihoods of factors that may influence farmers’ perception of soil erosion problem, and a Tobit to estimate parameters of factors that influence terracing intensity. The results indicate that although perception of the soil erosion problem is relatively high in the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Social capital; Marginal areas; Soil erosion; Perception; Two-step estimation; Kenya; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; C24; D23; Q15; Z13.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9532

Spatial Economic Analysis in Data-Rich Environments
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bell,   Kathleen P.; Dalton,   Timothy J.
Controlling for spatial effects in micro-economic studies of consumer and producer behavior necessitates a range of analytical modifications ranging from modest changes in data collection and the definition of variables to dramatic changes in the modeling of consumer and producer decision-making.  This paper discusses conceptual, empirical, and data issues involved in modeling the spatial aspects of economic behavior in data rich environments. Attention is given to established and emerging agricultural economic applications of spatial data and spatial econometric methods at the micro-scale.  Recent applications of individual and household data are featured, including models of land-use change at the urban-rural interface, agricultural land values, and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C21; Q10; Q12; Q15; Q56.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25241

Mitigating Cotton Revenue Risk Through Irrigation, Insurance, and Hedging
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Barham,   E. Hart Bise; Robinson,   John R.C.; Richardson,   James W.; Rister,   M. Edward.
This study focuses on managing cotton production and marketing risks using combinations of irrigation levels, put options (as price insurance), and crop insurance. Stochastic cotton yields and prices are used to simulate a whole-farm financial statement for a 1,000 acre furrow irrigated cotton farm in the Texas Lower Rio Grande Valley under 16 combinations of risk management strategies. Analyses for risk-averse decision makers indicate that multiple irrigations are preferred. The benefits to purchasing put options increase with yields, as they are more beneficial when higher yields are expected from applying more irrigation applications. Crop insurance is strongly preferred at lower irrigation levels.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Cotton; Crop insurance; Irrigation; Options; Puts; Risk; Simulation; Stochastic efficiency with respect to a function; Farm Management; Risk and Uncertainty; D81; Q12; Q15.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117946

Production Incentives from Static Decoupling: Entry, Exit and Use Exclusion Restrictions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Just,   David R.; Kropp,   Jaclyn D.
The use of agricultural decoupled support has increased as World Trade Organization (WTO) member nations implement less trade distortive policies. However, the true production effects of these policies are still unclear. We show how the exclusion restrictions of U.S. direct payments, namely, the fruit and vegetable restriction and the requirement of keeping land in good agricultural use, cause the decoupled payment to become fully coupled over time as relative profits adjust. Theoretically, decoupled payments can be more trade distorting than an equivalent (same level of taxpayer expenditure) fully coupled subsidy.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Decoupled payments; Infra-marginal support; Cross-subsidization; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; Land Economics/Use; Q15; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49158

CREATION OF AGRICULTURAL LAND MARKET IN UKRAINE: CURRENT STATE OF DEVELOPMENT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Melnychuk,   Volodymyr; Parkhomenko,   Sergiy; Lissitsa,   Alexej.
Land reform started in Ukraine 14 years ago became one of the most important issues in transformation of large state agricultural enterprises into market oriented agricultural enterprises. Significant changes in land use and land ownership has happened as a result of land reform implementation in Ukraine. Namely, state monopoly on land was eliminated, agricultural land was privatized, citizens of Ukraine received land plots in possession, first land transactions have happened at agricultural land market etc. Actual data regarding Ukrainian land relations reformation is systematized in this Discussion paper with especial focus on establishing the prerequisites of further formation and perspective development of the agricultural land market in Ukraine....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Land market reform; Transition; Ukraine; Land Economics/Use; O13; O17; P26; P32; P48; Q15; Q18.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14928

Groundwater Entrepreneurs in China: Selling Water to Meet the Demand for Water
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zhang,   Lijuan; Wang,   Jinxia; Huang,   Jikun; Rozelle,   Scott.
The overall goal of our paper is to better understand the development of groundwater markets in northern China. In particular, we focus on the factors that determine the development of groundwater markets in our attempt to explain their 'breadth' and 'depth.' Based on a survey of 24 randomly sampled villages and 50 randomly sampled tubewells in two provinces (Hebei and Henan Province) in 2001 and a field survey of 68 randomly sampled villages in 4 provinces (Hebei, Henan, Shanxi, and Shaanxi) of northern China in 2004, our results show that groundwater markets in northern China have emerged and are developing rapidly. Our results show that groundwater markets in northern China are informal and localized. The markets have developed in a way in which they...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Groundwater markets; Emergence; Characteristics; Determinants; Northern China; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; O53; Q15; Q25.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25605

Whole-Farm Evaluation of No-Till Profitability in Rice Production using Mixed Integer Programming
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Watkins,   K. Bradley; Hill,   Jason L.; Anders,   Merle M.; Windham,   Tony E.
Rice production in Arkansas usually involves intensive tillage. No-till rice has been studied, but the focus has been limited to impacts on yields and per acre returns. This study uses mixed integer programming to model optimal machinery selection and evaluate whole-farm profitability of no-till management, for rice-soybean farms. Results indicate that lower machinery ownership expenses combined with lower fuel and labor expenses do enhance the profitability of no-till management, but the monetary gains appear to be modest, implying that other incentives may be necessary to entice producers to use the practice.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Conventional till; Economies of size; Machinery complements; Mixed integer programming; No-till; Rice; Soybean; Whole-farm net returns; Farm Management; Q12; Q15; Q16; Q24; Q25.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43792

Determinants of smallholders’ decisions to leave land fallow: the case of Kosovo
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sauer,   Johannes; Davidova,   Sophia; Latruffe,   Laure.
The objective of this article is to investigate why farmers in Kosovo leave land fallow when the total land of their farms is small and households, almost fully dependent on farming for their livelihoods, are large. In order to elicit some of the barriers to land utilization, the article uses a comprehensive survey carried out during the agricultural year 2005/2006 to explore agricultural households’ perceptions of production, market conditions, and general security six years after the end of the military conflict in the former Yugoslavia. Several agro-environmental, household and farm characteristics are employed to empirically approximate the significance of different factors for leaving land fallow. Three different econometric models are used to address...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Fallow land decision; Kosovo; Endogeneity; Community/Rural/Urban Development; C24; Q12; Q15.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94917

Estimacion del valor del regadio a partir del precio de la tierra
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sampedro,   Carlos Arias.
Este trabajo calcula el valor del regadío en la provincia de León a partir de datos de precios de la tierra desagregados por aprovechamiento y comarca. El valor de los beneficios asociados al regadío puede averiguarse comparando dos parcelas de tierra "iguales" excepto por el hecho de que una de las tierras sea de secano y la otra de regadío. La dificultad de encontrar estas parcelas de tierra iguales se soluciona acudiendo al análisis de regresión donde se analizan los efectos del regadío en el precio de la tierra tras controlar los efectos de las características que diferencian a las parcelas analizadas. Usando un modelo econométrico se calculan los precios medios de la tierra asociados a los aprovechamientos de secano y de regadío. La diferencia entre...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Hedonic prices; Land prices; Water value; Land Economics/Use; Q15; Q11.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28780

Optimal Farm Size under an Uncertain Land Market: the Case of Kyrgyz Republic
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Scandizzo,   Pasquale Lucio; Savastano,   Sara.
The paper illustrates a theoretical model of real option value applied to the problem of land development. Making use of the 1998-2001 Kyrgyz Household Budget Survey, we show that when the hypothesis of decreasing return to scale holds, the relation between the threshold value of revenue per hectare and the amount of land cultivated is positive. In addition to that, the relation between the threshold and the amount of land owned is positive in the case of continuous supply of land and negative when there is discontinuous supply of land. The direct consequence is that, in the first case, smaller farms will be more willing to rent land and exercise the option where, in the second case, larger farms will exercise first. The results corroborate the findings of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Option value theory; Farm size; Uncertainty; Irreversibility; Agricultural and Food Policy; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; O13; Q12; Q15; Q18.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52844

Irrigation Technology Adoption Under Factor Price Uncertainty: Groundwater- Irrigated Production in Nebraska, 1960 -- 2005
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Savage,   Jeff; Brozovic,   Nicholas.
The development of groundwater-irrigated production technologies, fed by water from the Ogallala Aquifer, facilitated the development of agriculture in the High Plains region of the United States that began during the 1960s. The current rate of pumping for irrigation in the region is causing the aquifer to be depleted in many areas, which is cause for concern from a socioeconomic and environmental standpoint. The goal of this paper is to assess the factors that affect the decision to adopt groundwater-irrigated production by farmers, in the presence of risk differentiated by heterogeneous farmland quality and groundwater depth. A binary choice model of adoption is estimated for Nebraska, from 1960 – 2005. The results suggest that farmers consider climate...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Irrigation; Technology Adoption; Risk; Ogallala Aquifer; Crop Production/Industries; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Q15; Q32; Q55.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49585

MUNICIPALITY DISAGGREGATION OF GERMAN'S AGRICULTURAL SECTOR MODEL RAUMIS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Roeder,   Norbert; Gocht,   Alexander.
Since several decades the RAUMIS modelling system is applied for policy impact assessments to measure the impact of agriculture on the environment. A disaggregation at the municipality level with more than 9.000 administrative units, instead of currently used 316 counties, would tremendously improve the environmental impact analysis. Two sets of data are used for this purpose. The first are geo-referenced data, that are, however, incomplete with respect its coverage of production activities in agriculture. The second set is the micro census statistic itself, that has a full coverage, but data protection rules (DPR) prohibit its straightforward use. The paper show how this bottleneck can be passed to obtain a reliable modelling data set at municipality...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Highest Posterior Density estimator (HPD); RAUMIS; Down scaling; Agricultural and Food Policy; C11; C61; C81; Q15.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99248

Modeling the efficiency of the agri-environmental payments to Czech agriculture in a CGE framework incorporating public goods approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kristkova,   Zuzana; Ratinger,   Tomas; Majerova,   Jana.
Replaced with revised version of paper 03/03/11.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Environmental public goods; Agri-environmental policy; CGE models; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q11; Q15; Q18.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99422

Fiscal Policies in Highly Unequal Societies: Implications for Agricultural Growth
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lopez,   Ramon E.
The paper discusses the economic effects of misallocation of public expenditures in favor of private goods rather than public goods. It first lays out certain key hypotheses regarding the consequences of the apparent public sector allocation inefficiency and the factors that explain this phenomenon. It then discusses existing empirical evidence that lends at least indirect support to these hypotheses. Finally, it presents new empirical evidence for the rural sector in Latin America which documents the extent of the misallocation of public expenditures, its consequences for agricultural growth and rural poverty, and the role of certain key politico-institutional factors in explaining the misallocation.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Public expenditure; Public goods; Agricultural growth; Subsidies; Social equity; International Development; H40; H41; H42; O13; Q15; Q18.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/112595

Recent Trends in Agricultural Land Prices in South Africa: A Preliminary Investigation Using Cointegration Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Obi,   Ajuruchukwu; van Schalkwyk,   Herman D.
The main objective of this paper is to report preliminary findings on the recent trends in agricultural land prices in South Africa against the backdrop of growing concerns over their rising levels. Given the important role of land prices, the impact such increases would have on significant national development efforts, including the on-going land reform programme and other aspects of agricultural restructuring, provide strong justification for this investigation. The cointegration approach was employed within a framework that allowed for both long-run and short-run dynamics of the relationships to be identified. Building on previous structural modelling of farmland prices in the country, and using much expanded time series spanning forty-nine years, it...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land Economics/Use; C22; E3; Q15; Q18; Q24.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25234

South Dakota Agricultural Land Market Trends 1991-2011: The 2011 SDSU South Dakota Farm Real Estate Survey
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Janssen,   Larry; Pflueger,   Burton.
Agricultural land values and cash rental rates in South Dakota, by region and by state, are primary topics of this report. The target audience are farmers and ranchers, landowners, ag professionals (lenders, rural appraisers, professional farm managers), and policy makers interested in ag land market trends.  This report contains results of the 2011 Farm Real Estate Market Survey, the 21st annual SDSU survey developed to estimate ag land values and cash rental rates by land use in different regions of South Dakota.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Ag land; Farmland; Acreage; Cropland; Land ownership; Land use; Land tenure; Ranchland; Rental rates; Cash rent; Land Economics/Use; Q15.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109324

Forestry Sequestration of CO2 and Markets for Timber
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sedjo,   Roger A.; Sohngen,   Brent.
Forestry has been considered to have potential in reducing the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide by sequestrating carbon in above-ground timber and below-ground roots and soil. This potential has been noted in the Kyoto Protocol, which identified specific forestry activities for which carbon sequestration credits could be obtained. To date, a few forestry efforts have been undertaken for carbon purposes, but most of these efforts have been on a small scale. Proposals have been under discussion, however, that would result in the creation of very large areas of new forest for the purpose of offsetting some of the additional carbon that is being released into the atmosphere. Concerns are expressed, however, that large-scale sequestration operations...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Carbon; Forests; Sequestration; Leakages; Timber markets; Prices; Models; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q10; Q15; Q21; Q23; Q24.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10778

The Irrigation Service Fees and Affordability After the Management Transfer: Empirical Evidence from Ban Vuen- Tonhen WUA in Savannakhet Province, Lao PDR
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rasphone,   Arounyadeth; Osanami,   Fumio; Kondo,   Takumi.
This study attempts to identify the cause of lowing rate of irrigation use fee's collection through the examination of the farmer affordability in paying the fee. The study chooses to investigate one of the nine pilot irrigation management transfer programs in the Lao PDR. The study scheme, Ban Vuen-Tonhen water user association, has earned remarkable reputation in outstanding operation and management, water distribution, and the fee collection. The irrigation service fee (ISF) affordable function and 45 degree plotting diagram are used in the analysis. The findings indicate that farmers, who cultivate rice only, have the least capacity to pay the fee. However, other farmers, who cultivate rice and cash crops or only cash-crop, are able to pay the fee and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Laos; IMT; WUA; Irrigation service fee; Affordability; Farm Management; O13; Q15.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25695

Cost Effectiveness of Rainwater Harvesting for Groundwater Recharge in Micro-Watersheds of Kolar District of India: The Case Study of Thotli Micro-Watershed
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nagaraj,   N.; Pradhani,   Umesh; Chengappa,   P.G.; Basavaraj,   G.; Kanwar,   Ramesh S.
This study has estimated the supply augmentation of groundwater recharge due to creation of water harvesting structures and has assessed the cost-effectiveness of rainwater harvesting for groundwater recharge on watershed basis in one of the sub-watersheds of the Kolar district, Peninsular India — a typically hard-rock area. The study is based on the primary data for the year 2008-09 collected from a sample of 90 farmers having irrigation bore-wells in the selected watershed named Thotli. The study has indicated that the annual draft of irrigation water exceeds the annual recharge, causing a negative balance. On an average, the returns per rupee investment have been found to be ` 1.80 on farm pond, ` 1.78 on recharge pit and ` 1.39 on field bund. The cost...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Rainwater harvesting; Economic feasibility; Groundwater recharge; Watershed; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q15; Q25.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118229

Access to Land and Poverty Reduction in Rural Zambia: Connecting the Policy Issues
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jayne,   Thomas S.; Zulu,   Ballard; Kajoba,   Gear; Weber,   Michael T.
Key Policy Message: - Despite having relatively low population densities, inadequate access to land is one of the major causes of rural poverty in Zambia. - The apparent paradox of inadequate access to land for many rural households in a country of low population density is partially reconciled when taking into account that economically viable arable land requires at least some degree of access to basic services, water, road infrastructure, and markets. The basic public investments to make settlement economically viable have yet been made in many areas of Zambia. - Depending of future land allocation policy, access to good quality land with a market potential may become increasingly beyond the reach of many small-scale farm households, making it more...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Zambia; Food security; Land; Policy; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use; Q18; Q15.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55054

Multifunctional land use: is it a key factor for rural development?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kopeva,   Diana Ilieva; Peneva,   Mariya Marinova; Madjarova,   Svetla Ivanova.
The sustainable development of rural areas faces nowadays the challenges of global changes. The need to adapt land and landscape use to the new social, economic and ecological demands (non-farm activities, employment in rural areas, forest and agro- related tourism, real estate pressure, etc.) requires an analysis of the land multifunctionality and of the multipurpose land management strategies. The paper aims to review the concept of land use and landscape multifunctionality and to review the role of multifunctional land use in Rural Development Policy in Bulgaria.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Multifunctional land use; Rural development; Rural development policy; Bulgaria; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Q01; Q15; R58.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94828

SOUTH DAKOTA FARMLAND MARKET TRENDS 1991-2000; RESULTS FROM THE 2000 SDSU SOUTH DAKOTA FARM REAL ESTATE SURVEY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pflueger,   Burton; Larson,   Amy; Ellingson,   Wayne; Janssen,   Larry.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Farmland value; Cash rental rates; South Dakota; Land Economics/Use; Q15; Q14.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32043

Identifying Individual Discount Rates and Valuing Public Open Space with Stated Preference Models
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kovacs,   Kent F.; Larson,   Douglas M.
An individual's rate of time preference is an important consideration for individuals deciding whether to support a public good since the benefits of a public good often come in the future. Our study finds individual discount rates from a contingent valuation method (CVM) question where the time frame of the payment schedule is varied across surveys. We find discount rates similar to the rates found in the recent revealed preference and experimental literature of around 30%. Our CVM question addresses the preservation of additional open space adjacent to a large regional park at the urban fringe of Portland, Oregon.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; H43; Q51; Q15.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9743

Farmland Leasing in South Dakota 2011: Emphasis on Share Lease Arrangements
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bourlion,   Nelly; Janssen,   Larry; Pflueger,   Burton.
This report provides information on the importance of farmland leasing in South Dakota and updates information on crop-share leasing and hay-share leasing arrangements, based on a survey conducted in 2011.  An estimated 23% of SD cropland acres rented are in crop-share leases. Survey results indicate the prevalence of four common crop share arrangements in South Dakota. Most crop-share lease respondents reported the landlord and renter sharing expenses for one or more variable inputs, with the number and type of shared input expenses varying by region and output share.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Crop share; Crop share leasing; Farmland leasing; Land resources; Crop leasing; Agribusiness; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Q15.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/115599

Moral Hazard, Targeting and Contract Duration in Agri-Environmental Policy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fraser,   Rob W.
This paper extends the multi-period agri-environmental contract model of Fraser (2004) so that it contains a more realistic specification of the inter-temporal penalties for non-compliance, and therefore of the inter-temporal moral hazard problem in agri-environmental policy design. On this basis it is shown that a farmer will have an unambiguous preference for cheating early over cheating late in the contract period based on differences in the expected cost of compliance. It is then shown how the principal can make use of this unambiguous preference to target monitoring resources intertemporally, and in so doing, to encourage full contract duration compliance.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Moral Hazard; Contract Duration; Agri-Environmental Policy; Targeting; Agribusiness; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q15; Q18; Q58.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108795

Transaction Cost Analysis of Upstream-Downstream Relations in Watershed Services: Lessons from Community-Based Forestry Management in Sumatra, Indonesia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Arifin,   Bustanul.
This study analyzes transaction costs occurred in the existing set-up of upstream-downstream relations and reward mechanisms of the watershed services in Sumatra, Indonesia. The rewards are manifested through property right reforms in terms of "recognition" and "loss of fear of eviction" among local communities to utilize land within the "protection forest", such as implemented under the community-based forestry management (CBFM) policy. The study sites of Sumber Jaya watershed in Sumatra, Indonesia has been notoriously known as a benchmark for conflict of watershed functions between the state and the society, and among stakeholders such as coffee growers, domestic water-users, hydroelectric power company, etc. Estimated transaction cost to implement the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Environmental services; Transaction costs; Indonesia; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q15.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25788

Assessment of Environment Impact of CAP Reforms on European Agricultural Production Efficiency
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Serrao,   Amilcar.
The studies of performance and production efficiency have ignored additional products of most transformation processes classified as undesirable outputs. Without the inclusion of the undesirable outputs, the efficiency measurement is a purely technical measure, and it does not account for the interaction of the system with the environment and the impact of policy decisions on the system. Moreover, there are technological dependencies between the desirable and the undesirable outputs which have to be included in the analytical tools used to measure efficiency.  The relationships between the desirable and the undesirable outputs motivate the exploration of new areas of the measurement of efficiency to incorporate policy decisions and address new issues. This...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Data Envelopment Analysis; Performance Measurement; Undesirable Outputs; Technological Dependence; Goal Programming; Common Agricultural Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; CO2; DO1; Q15; Q58.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103409

An Agro-Economic Production Model for a Middle European River Basin - First Results of CAP Reform Scenario Calculations
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Henseler,   Martin; Krimly,   Tatjana; Wirsig,   Alexander.
ACRE is an Agro-eConomic model for agricultural pRoduction on rEgional level. Based on an extension of Positive Mathematical Programming (PMP) this model was developed as a decision tool for politics with respect to questions of global change- and political scenarios. Currently, ACRE is applied in the RIVERTWIN-Neckar project and politic scenarios of the CAP reform 2003 were calculated. This paper introduces ACRE, its theoretical framework, and the first results of political scenario calculations, which where done for the Neckar river basin.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural production model; Regional model; Interdisciplinary projects; CAP reform 2003; Positive Mathematical Programming; Agricultural and Food Policy; E23; Q15; Q21; Q18; C61.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25612

Modeling Interactions of a Carbon Offset Policy and Biomass Markets on Crop Allocations
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Popp,   Michael P.; Nalley,   Lawton Lanier.
Arkansas cropping pattern changes at the county level were estimated under various scenarios involving a likely decline in water availability, the development of a biomass market for renewable energy production, and the potential of a widely used carbon offset market.  These scenarios are analyzed separately and jointly to determine which of the three scenarios is expected to have the largest impact on net (emissions – sequestration) greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, renewable fuels feedstock supply, and producer net returns. Land use choices included conventional crops of rice, cotton, soybean, corn, grain sorghum, pasture, and hay. Specialty crops of loblolly pine and switchgrass were modeled for their respective potential to sequester carbon and provide...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Carbon offsets; Irrigation restriction; Pine; Switchgrass; Farm Management; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q11; Q15; Q16; Q18; Q54.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113533

Climate Change, Markets, and Technology
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Howitt,   Richard E.; Medellin-Azuara,   Josue; MacEwan,   Duncan.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q15; Q25; Q38.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95761

Fallstudie zur Wirkung der Ausgleichszulage  im Altmarkkreis Salzwedel (Sachsen­Anhalt)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pohl,   Christian.
Zusammenfassung: Ziel dieser Fallstudie ist, die Wirkung der Ausgleichszulage auf verschiedene Bereiche der Landwirtschaft und des ländlichen Raumes in einem „typischen“ benachteiligten Gebiet vertieft zu untersuchen. Die Region steht dabei stellvertretend für eine Ackerbauregion mit Roggenanbau auf leichten Böden in den neuen Bundesländern. Dazu wurden vorhandene Statistiken, relevante Literatur und die Daten des BMELV­Testbetriebsnetzes ausgewertet sowie Befragungen mit Landwirten und Experten durchgeführt. Anhand einer schriftlichen Befragung von Beratern aus strukturell ähnlichen Landkreisen wurde die Übertragbarkeit der Fallstudie geprüft und alle Ergebnisse anschließend auf einem Workshop mit den zuständigen Fachreferenten der Länder und des Bundes...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Benachteiligte Gebiete; Ausgleichszulage; Fallstudie; Less Favoured Areas; Compensatory allowance; Case study; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Q15; Q18; Q19.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103254

THEME OVERVIEW: FARMLAND VALUES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Henderson,   Jason R.; Gloy,   Brent A.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Farmland; Land Values; Farm Real Estate; Land Economics/Use; Q14; Q15.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109467

Estimating Carbon Supply Curves for Global Forests and Other Land Uses
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sedjo,   Roger A.; Sohngen,   Brent; Mendelsohn,   Robert.
This study develops cumulative carbon 'supply curves' for global forests utilizing an dynamic timber supply model for sequestration of forest carbon. Because the period of concern is the next century, and particular time points within that century, the curves are not traditional Marshallian supply curves or steady-state supply curves. Rather, the focus is on cumulative carbon cost curves (quasi-supply curves) at various points in time over the next 100 years. The research estimates a number of long-term, cumulative, carbon quasi-supply curves under different price scenarios and for different time periods. The curves trace out the relationship between an intertemporal price path for carbon, as given by carbon shadow prices, and the cumulative carbon...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Carbon supply curves; Sequestration; Timber; Forests; Model; Global warming; Prices; Markets; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q10; Q15; Q21; Q23; Q24.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10663

Complementarity between Irrigation and Fertilizer Technologies - A Justification for Increased Irrigation Investment in the Less-Favored Areas of SSA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yilma,   Tsegaye; Berger,   Thomas.
There is a downward spiral of declining soil fertility, low crop yield and increasing poverty in the less-favored areas of SSA. The semi-arid tropics of northern Ghana share this episode. The soils in this part of the country are naturally less endowed, have little organic matter content and farmers use very little inorganic fertilizer. Existing studies indicate that the erratic nature of rainfall in the area increases risk and constrains farmers' investment on inorganic fertilizer. However, agronomic studies suggest that promotion of sustainable use of inorganic fertilizer is indispensable at least in the short to medium term to break the downward spiral. Therefore, promoting sustainable use of inorganic fertilizer use remains to be a policy challenge....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q15; Q16; Q18.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25701

Flood prone risk and amenity values: a spatial hedonic analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Samarasinghe,   Oshadhi; Sharp,   Basil M.H.
This study examines the impact of flood hazard zone location on residential property values. The study utilises data from over 2,000 private residential property sales occurred during 2006 in North Shore City, New Zealand. A spatial autoregressive hedonic model is developed to provide efficient estimates of the marginal effect of flood prone risks on property values. Our results suggest that a property located within a flood hazard zone sells for 4.3% less than an equivalent property located outside the flood hazard zone. Given the median house price, estimated discount associated with flood risks is approximately NZ$22,000.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Flood hazard; Spatial hedonic; Amenity value; Land Economics/Use; Q15; Q51.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6013

The Global Supply and Demand for Agricultural Land in 2050: A Perfect Storm in the Making?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hertel,   Thomas W.
2010 AAEA Presidential Address; forthcoming in January 2011 AJAE in shortened version.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Global agriculture; Land use; Projections; Population; Yields; Urbanization; Biodiversity; Water; Climate change; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Land Economics/Use; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Q11; Q15; Q16; Q17.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92639

Can Dispersed Biomass Processing Protect the Environment and Cover the Bottom Line for Biofuel?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Egbendewe-Mondzozo,   Aklesso; Swinton,   Scott M.; Bals,   Bryan D.; Dale,   Bruce E.
This paper compares environmental and profitability outcomes for a centralized biorefinery for cellulosic ethanol that does all processing versus a biorefinery linked to a decentralized array of local depots that pretreat biomass into concentrated briquettes.  The analysis uses a spatial bioeconomic model that maximizes predicted profit from crop and energy products, subject to the requirement that the biorefinery must be operated at full capacity.  The model draws upon biophysical crop input-output coefficients simulated with the EPIC model, as well as input and output prices, spatial transportation costs, ethanol yields from biomass, and biorefinery capital and operational costs. The model was applied to 82 cropping systems simulated across 37...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Biomass production; Bioenergy supply; Cellulosic ethanol; Environmental trade-off analysis; Bioeconomic modeling; EPIC; Spatial configuration; Local biomass processing; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Production Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q16; Q15; Q57; Q18.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119348

An Empirical Investigation of the Linkages between Government Payments and Farmland Leasing Arrangements
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Qiu,   Feng; Goodwin,   Barry K.; Gervais,   Jean-Philippe.
Replaced with revised version of paper 07/29/10.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Contract choice; Hybrid contract; Farm bill; Program payments; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; Risk and Uncertainty; Q12; Q15; Q18.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49242

Land Cover in a Managed Forest Ecosystem: Mexican Shade Coffee
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Blackman,   Allen; Albers,   Heidi J.; Sartorio,   Beatriz Avalos; Crooks,   Lisa.
Managed forest ecosystems-agroforestry systems in which crops such as coffee and bananas are planted side-by-side with woody perennials-are being touted as a means of safeguarding forests along with the ecological services they provide. Yet we know little about the determinants of land cover in such systems, information needed to design effective forest conservation policies. This paper presents a first-ever spatial regression analysis of land cover in a managed forest ecosystem-a shade coffee region of coastal Mexico. Using high-resolution land cover data derived from aerial photographs, along with data on the institutional, geophysical, socioeconomic, and agronomic characteristics of the study area, we find that plots in close proximity to urban centers...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Deforestation; Managed forest ecosystem; Agroforestry; Shade-grown coffee; Mexico; Spatial econometrics; Land cover; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; O13; Q15; Q23.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10493

IMPACTS OF COMMUNITY-DRIVEN DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS ON INCOME AND ASSET ACQUISITION IN AFRICA: THE CASE OF NIGERIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nkonya,   Ephraim M.; Phillip,   Dayo; Mogues,   Tewodaj; Pender,   John L.; Kato,   Edward.
This study evaluates the impacts of a community-driven development (CDD) project on household income and acquisition of productive assets in Nigeria. Using panel data and difference-in-differences and propensity score matching approaches, the study finds that the project succeeded in targeting the poor and women farmers in its productive asset acquisition component. Participation in the project also increased the income of beneficiaries by about 60%, which is well above the targeted increase of only 20% in the 6-year period of the project.  However, sustainability of this dramatic achievement is uncertain since the project did not involve rural credit services. The large cash transfer through its productive asset acquisition component is also unsustainable.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Nigeria; Africa; Community-driven development; Impact evaluation; Poverty; Targeting; Income; Assets; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; H43; H42; Q13; Q15.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50537

The Capitalization of Wildlife Recreation Income into Farmland Values
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Henderson,   Jason R.; Moore,   Sean.
Wildlife recreation - hunting, fishing, and wildlife watching - appears to be an increasingly important pastime for many Americans. From 1991-2001, U.S. wildlife recreation expenditures surged from $77 billion to $108 billion in 2001 dollars. Land lease and ownership expenditures by wildlife recreation participants are also rising and appear to be capitalized into farmland values. This paper analyzes the impact of hunting lease rates on farmland values in Texas. The results indicate that counties with higher wildlife recreation income streams have higher land values.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Farmland values; Wildlife recreation; Land Economics/Use; Q15.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43784

Evaluating the sustainability of impounded river systems and the cost-effectiveness of dam projects: An ecosystem services approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tompkins,   Jean-Marie; Hearnshaw,   Edward J.S.; Cullen,   Ross.
In recent times, there has been increasing demand in the Canterbury region of New Zealand for the abstraction of water from rivers. The impact of this demand has lead to unacceptable minimum river flows and has adversely affected river ecology. In an effort to resolve these issues dams have been constructed. To evaluate the impact of these dam projects on all river values, an ecosystem services approach is developed. This ecosystem services approach coupled with various evaluation methods are applied for the purposes of assessing the cost-effectiveness of the Opuha Dam and the sustainability of the Opihi river system now modified by the Opuha Dam. To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of this dam project cost utility analysis is applied through the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cost utility analysis; Dam projects; Ecosystem services; Impounded river systems; Indicators and sustainability.; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q15; Q25; Q27; Q51; Q58; Q57.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100720

SOUTH DAKOTA FARMLAND MARKET TRENDS 1991-1999; RESULTS FROM THE 1999 SDSU SOUTH DAKOTA FARM REAL ESTATE SURVEY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Janssen,   Larry; Pflueger,   Burton; Longwood,   Laura.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Farmland value; Cash rental rates; South Dakota; Land Economics/Use; Q15; Q14.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32040

COMMON AGRICULTURAL POLICY OF THE EUROPEAN UNION – DEVELOPMENT AND PRINCIPLES OF FUNCTIONING
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lissitsa,   Alexej; Laka,   Oksana; Gagalyuk,   Taras; Mykolayovych,   Kwasha Sergiy.
The following Discussion Paper depicts main principles and mechanisms of agricultural policy of European Union. The study is aimed to show the wide Russian speaking research community only a short historical background and few elements of current Agricultural Policy rules and should be seen as a starting point for further analysis and discussions.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: European Union; Agrarian policy; Reform; Europäische Union; Agrarpolitik; Reform; Европейский Союз; Аграрная политика; Реформа.; Agribusiness; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Political Economy; O13; O 17; P26; P32; P48; Q15; Q18.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92019

A Panel Data Analysis of the Determinants of Farmland Price: An Application to the Effects of the 1992 Cap Reform in Belgium
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Duvivier,   Romain; Gaspart,   Frederic; Frahan,   Bruno Henry de.
This study identifies the effects of the 1992 and subsequent CAP reforms on arable farmland price in Belgium. We first propose a brief literature review of studies identifying the determinants of farmland price. Afterwards, we use a panel data set to estimate a capitalization model of farmland price. We first show that the compensatory payments introduce by the 1992 CAP reform exert a positive effect on the arable farmland price in Belgium. We also identify a structural break in the land price equation after the adoption of the new support instruments as well as a regional break between Wallonia and Flanders.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Farmland price; Land market; Common Agricultural Policy; Capitalization of agricultural support; Agricultural and Food Policy; Land Economics/Use; Q10; Q15; Q18.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24577

The Effect of Uncertainty on Contingent Valuation Estimates: A Comparison
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Shaikh,   Sabina L.; Sun,   Lili; van Kooten,   G. Cornelis.
We examine the impact of uncertainty on contingent valuation responses using (1) a survey of Canadian landowners about willingness to accept compensation for converting cropland to forestry and (2) a survey of Swedish residents about willingness to pay for forest conservation. Five approaches from the literature for incorporating respondent uncertainty are used and compared to the traditional RUM model with assumed certainty. The results indicate that incorporating uncertainty has the potential to increase fit, but could introduce additional variance. While some methods for uncertainty are an improvement over traditional approaches, we caution against systematic judgments about the effect of uncertainty on contingent valuation responses.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Respondent uncertainty; Willingness to accept; Contingent valuation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Q10; Q15; Q23.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37025

Production Effects of Decoupled Commodity Program Payments: An Instrumental Variables Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Key,   Nigel D.; Kirwan,   Barrett E.; Roberts,   Michael J.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Instrumental Variables; IV; Policy; Agriculture; Subsidies; Production; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Q1; Q12; Q15; Q18.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49201

Modeling of Structural Adjustment Processes of Farming Enterprises: The Need for Implementation of Cooperation and Collaboration Strategies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Albisser,   Gregor; Lehmann,   Bernard.
The research objective is to shed light on the structural adjustment process of farming enterprises in Switzerland. To this end, an analytical tool is developed which allows us to identify the most important influencing factors and to estimate in advance their effects on the structural adjustment process. The resulting structures will be compared with the relevant goals of the (agricultural) policy in order to draw conclusions about the effectiveness of the adjustment process. Using scenario techniques combined with an agent-based simulation, the influencing factors are varied to investigate alternative options like cooperation and collaboration strategies for improving the effectiveness with respect to the social, ecological and economic goals.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agent-based simulation; Structural change; Cooperation strategies; Collaboration; Agricultural Finance; C61; Q12; Q15.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25250

Conservation Reserve Program in South Dakota: Major Findings from 2007 Survey of South Dakota CRP Respondents
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Janssen,   Larry; Klein,   Nicole L.; Taylor,   Gary; Opoku,   Emmanuel; Holbeck,   Michael.
This study summarizes key results from a 2007 survey completed by 753 CRP contract holders in South Dakota. Topics covered include: comparison of national and South Dakota CRP trends, key characteristics of CRP contract holders in South Dakota, current CRP management practices and overall crop/livestock management practices, and respondent assessment of relative importance of various factors affecting their CRP decisions.  Projected re-enrollment rate into a new CRP contract varies from 34 percent to 63 percent of existing CRP acres, depending on scenario.  Statewide, 61 percent of post-CRP acres, not re-enrolled, are projected to be used for crop production, 30 percent for grass hay or livestock production, and 9 percent for other uses.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Conservation Reserve Program; CRP land management; Post-CRP land use; Crop management practices; Agricultural conservation policy; Pasture / grassland management; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q15.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37936

Barriers to water markets in agriculture. Analysis of Southern Spain stakeholder attitudes
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Giannoccaro,   Giacomo; Pedraza,   Veronica; Berbel,   Julio.
This paper was removed Feb. 27, 2013 at the request of the authors.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Water markets; Focus groups; Irrigation; Stakeholder attitude; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q15; Q25.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124113

Evaluation of the Conservation Reserve Program: Disaggregate slippage
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Uchida,   Shinsuke.
Among multiple slippage effects potentially generated in voluntary land retirement programs, this study attempts to identify one unique source of slippage. Specifically, I examine slippage caused by within-a-farm land conversion from uncultivated land to cropland. With the U.S. Agricultural Census farm-level longitudinal data on land use and enrollment in the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP), I find that an average partial-farm CRP participant converts 25% of noncropland to cropping activities as a consequence of CRP enrollment. Also, an estimated slippage rate varies across farm types and regions. In particular, farms with relatively inelastic crop acreage supply lead to more slippage. Knowledge about the mechanisms through which slippage occurs should...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Conservation Reserve Program; Land use; Land conservation; Slippage.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Land Economics/Use; Q15; Q18; Q24; Q58.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103612

ARE ECONOMIC FUNDAMENTALS DRIVING FARMLAND VALUES?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gloy,   Brent A.; Boehlje,   Michael; Dobbins,   Craig L.; Hurt,   Christopher; Baker,   Timothy G.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Farmland; Land Value; Agricultural Finance; Land Economics/Use; Q14; Q15.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109470

Health Check der EU-Agrarpolitik - Auswirkungen der Beschlüsse
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gomann,   Horst; Kleinhanss,   Werner; Kreins,   Peter; Ledebur,   Oliver von; Offermann,   Frank; Osterburg,   Bernhard; Salamon,   Petra.
Zusammenfassung: Der Agrarministerrat hat im November 2008 zum Health Check (HC) der Gemeinsamen Agrarpolitik (GAP) eine politische Einigung erzielt. Das Ziel der Studie im Auftrag des Bundesministeriums für Ernährung, Landwirtschaft und Verbraucherschutz ist es, aufbauend auf einer Wirkungsanalyse der Kommissionsvorschläge zum HC, die Konsequenzen der HC-Beschlüsse mit Hilfe des Modellverbundes der vTI-Agrarökonomie sowie mit einer statistischen Auswertung des EU-Testbetriebsnetzes (FADN) im Vergleich zu einer Referenzsituation im Zieljahr 2015 zu untersuchen. In der Referenzsituation wird eine langfristig positive Entwicklung im Agrarbereich unterstellt. Vor diesem Hintergrund wird in Deutschland nach den Modellergebnissen die Milcherzeugung nach...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Health Check; Gemeinsame Agrarpolitik; Modellgestützte Politikfolgenabschätzung; Common Agricultural Policy; Model-based impact analyses; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q12; Q15; Q18.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/102726

Modeling the Effects of Pasture Expansion on Emissions from Land-Use Change
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dumortier,   Jerome; Hayes,   Dermot J.; Carriquiry,   Miguel A.; Dong,   Fengxia; Du,   Xiaodong; Elobeid,   Amani E.; Fabiosa,   Jacinto F.; Mulik,   Kranti.
Replaced with revised version of paper 12/14/2010.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Pasture expansion; Greenhouse gas emissions; Land-use change; Pasture extensification; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q15; Q17; Q18; Q54.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57262

Deforestation and Shade Coffee in Oaxaca, Mexico: Key Research Findings
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Blackman,   Allen; Albers,   Heidi J.; Avalos-Sartorio,   Beatriz; Crooks,   Lisa.
More than three-quarters of Mexico's coffee is grown on small plots shaded by the existing forest. Because they preserve forest cover, shade coffee farms provide vital ecological services including harboring biodiversity and preventing soil erosion. Unfortunately, tree cover in Mexico's shade coffee areas is increasingly being cleared to make way for subsistence agriculture, a direct result of the unprecedented decline of international coffee prices over the past decade. This paper summarizes the key findings of a three-year study of deforestation in Oaxaca, one of Mexico's prime regions for growing shade coffee. First, we find that deforestation during the 1990s was significant. Second, the loss of tree cover can likely be slowed by promoting...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Deforestation; Agroforestry; Shade-grown coffee; Mexico; Land cover; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; O13; Q15; Q23.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10799

Policy Options for Increasing Crop Productivity and Reducing Soil Nutrient Depletion and Poverty in Uganda
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nkonya,   Ephraim M.; Pender,   John L.; Kaizzi,   Crammer; Edward,   Kato; Mugarura,   Samuel.
This study was conducted with the main objective of determining the linkages between poverty and land management practices in Uganda. The study used the 2002/03 Uganda National Household Survey (UNHS) and more focused data collected from a sub-sample of 851 households of the 2002/03 UNHS sample households. We found that farmers in Uganda deplete about 1.2 percent of the nutrient stock stored in the topsoil per year, which leads to a predicted 0.31 percent reduction in crop productivity. The value of replacing the depleted nutrients using the cheapest inorganic fertilizers is equivalent to about 20 percent of household income obtained from agricultural production. Econometric analysis of the survey results provides evidence of linkages between poverty and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Uganda; Land degradation; Soil nutrient depletion; Poverty; Crop productivity; Natural resource management; Land management; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Q15; Q57; Q51.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59227

Structural Agricultural Land Use Modelling
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fezzi,   Carlo; Bateman,   Ian J.
This paper develops a structural econometric model of agricultural land use and production based on the joint multi-output technology representation introduced by Chambers and Just (1989). Starting from a flexible specification of the farm profit function we derive land use allocation, input applications, crops yield and livestock number equations in a joint and theoretically consistent framework. We present an empirical application using fine-scale spatial data covering the entirety of England and Wales and including the main economic, policy and environmental drivers of land use change in the past 40 years. To account for the presence of censored observations in this micro-level data we estimate the model as a system of two-limits Tobit equations via...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land Use; Structural Econometric Modelling; Agro-Environmental Policy; System of Censored Equations; Multivariate Tobit; Quasi-Maximum Likelihood.; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q15; Q53; C34.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51423

Demographic and Management Factors Affecting the Adoption and Perceived Yield Benefit of Winter Cover Crops in the Southeast
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bergtold,   Jason S.; Duffy,   Patricia A.; Hite,   Diane; Raper,   Randy L.
The inclusion of cover crops in cropping systems brings direct and indirect costs and benefits. Farmers will adopt and utilize cover crops as long as the perceived benefit of using them is positive. This paper examines the demographic and management factors affecting the adoption and perceived benefit (in terms of improved crop yield) of using winter annual cover crops. A double selectivity model of cover crop adoption and perceived yield gain was estimated using survey data of Alabama farmers examining cover crop use and management.  Results may help in understanding factors shaping farmers’ perceptions, adoption, and retention of cover crops.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Adoption; Conservation; Cover crops; Double selectivity model; Perceived yield gain; Tobit model; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Q12; Q15; Q55.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120443

Land Inequality and Economic Growth: A Dynamic Panel Data Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fort,   Ricardo; Ruben,   Ruerd.
The growing body of literature devoted to study the impact of inequality on economic growth have centred its attention in the income distribution effect, even though the theoretical relationships are more related to assets distributions than to income distribution. While some recent studies have tried to overcome this limitation by introducing indicators of this type, they found a new constraint when dealing only with time-invariant measurements for this explanatory variable. This article provides a theoretical discussion and some novel empirical tests to better understand the relationships between assets distribution and economic growth. We assembled a new panel database that includes observations for more than 30 countries over the last three decades....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land inequality; Economic growth; Investments; System GMM estimation; International Development; Land Economics/Use; Q15; C23; I3.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25582

Can Carbon Sinks Be Operational? RFF Workshop Proceedings
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sedjo,   Roger A.; Toman,   Michael.
An RFF Workshop brought together experts from around the world to assess the feasibility of using biological sinks to sequester carbon as part of a global atmospheric mitigation effort. The chapters of this proceeding are a result of that effort. Although the intent of the workshop was not to generate a consensus, a number of studies suggest that sinks could be a relatively inexpensive and effective carbon management tool. The chapters cover a variety of aspects and topics related to the monitoring and measurement of carbon in biological systems. They tend to support the view the carbon sequestration using biological systems is technically feasible with relatively good precision and at relatively low cost. Thus carbon sinks can be operational.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Carbon; Sinks; Global warming; Sequestration; Forests; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q10; Q15; Q21; Q23; Q24.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10480

Fallstudie zur Wirkung der Ausgleichszulage im Landkreis St. Wendel (Saarland)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gasmi,   Samy.
Zusammenfassung: Ziel dieser Fallstudie im Landkreis St. Wendel ist es, die Wirkung der Ausgleichszulage auf verschiedene Bereiche der Landwirtschaft und des ländlichen Raumes in einem „typischen“ benachteiligten Gebiet vertieft zu untersuchen. Dazu wurden vorhandene Statistiken, relevante Literatur und die Daten des Testbetriebsnetzes ausgewertet sowie Befragungen mit Landwirten und Experten durchgeführt. Anhand einer schriftlichen Befragung von Beratern aus strukturell ähnlichen Landkreisen wurde die Übertragbarkeit der Fallstudie geprüft und alle Ergebnisse anschließend auf einem Workshop mit den für die Ausgleichszulage zuständigen Fachreferenten der Länder und des Bundes diskutiert. Die Benachteiligung im Landkreis St. Wendel ist in erster Linie der...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Benachteiligte Gebiete; Ausgleichszulage; Kleine Gebiete; Fallstudie; Less Favoured Areas; Compensatory allowance; Case study; Areas with specific handicaps; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Q15; Q18; Q19.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103253

The Swedish 1990 Agricultural Reform - Adjustments of the Use of Land
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Andersson,   Fredrik Ca.
This paper provides an empirical analysis of adjustments of land use as a result of the conversion programme in the Swedish agricultural reform of 1990. The determinants of farmers' choice to voluntarily convert arable land to other uses and the share of land converted are analysed with the Heckman selection model. The results suggest that the decision to convert is significantly affected by a farmer's age, the size and location of the farm, the type of farming, and the macroeconomic situation in the region. Farm operators on farms highly specialised in grazing livestock and farmers on large farms were found to be more prone to convert.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Sample selection; Agricultural reform; Sweden; Set aside; MTR; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q15; Q18.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24706

Irrigation water pricing between governmental policies and farmers’ perception: Implications for green-houses horticultural production in Teboulba (Tunisia)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chebil,   Ali; Frija,   Aymen; Thabet,   Chokri.
A positive mathematical programming model was constructed in this study to assess the effect of three water pricing scenarios on Teboulba’s agricultural production systems. The effects of these scenarios were estimated for three groups of farmers from three irrigated districts. Results show that water demand in group 1 remains inelastic until achieving the price of 0.20 TD. A price above this level decreases water consumption, farmer’s incomes as well as seasonal labor demand. For groups 2 and 3, the water demand curves remain highly inelastic even with a full cost recovery price. However, once reaching this last price, the model shows important income reductions reaching 20% of the current observed income. Moreover, a pricing policy aiming to recover...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Water pricing; Positive mathematical programming; Greenhouses; Economic impact; Teboulba; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q15; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118863

Efficiency and Welfare Impact of Landholdings in Vietnam - Evidence from Field Survey in Red River Delta and Mekong Delta
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Goto,   Jun; Izumida,   Yoichi.
This paper examines the efficiency and welfare impact of landholdings in rural Vietnam. We utilize panel data set from field surveys which have been carried out from 1997 to 2007 in Red River Delta and Mekong Delta. We find no support for the hypothesis that small farmers in the north survey area have an advantage of efficiency in rice production. Since, although we confirm the inverse relationship between the land productivity and farm size, the average costs have increased rapidly as farm size have decreased. Some farmers, however, in the South have gradually cumulated in a middle-class of landholdings that has achieved the highest productivity, which implies efficient land allocation is realized. We also clarify the welfare impacts of these landholdings...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Efficiency; Welfare impact; Land allocation; Vietnam; Consumer/Household Economics; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Q12; Q15.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51622

Net Farm Income and Land Use under a U.S. Greenhouse Gas Cap and Trade
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Baker,   Justin Scott; McCarl,   Bruce A.; Murray,   Brian C.; Rose,   Steven K.; Alig,   Ralph J.; Adams,   Darius M.; Latta,   Gregory S.; Beach,   Robert H.; Daigneault,   Adam J.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Q15; Q18; Q54.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93683

Migration and Land Rental as Risk Response in Rural China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ward,   Patrick S.; Shively,   Gerald E.
Households in developing countries take various actions to smooth income or consumption as a means of managing or responding to risk. One of the principal means of smoothing income is through the diversification of income sources, including non-farm employment and rural-urban migration.  An important consumption smoothing strategy involves the accumulation and depletion of assets.  We examine migration and land rental market participation as responses to risk in rural China.  Using a longitudinal data set comprised of households in nine provinces in China from 1991 through 2006, we are able to test for the effect of various manifestations of underlying idiosyncratic and covariate income risk on household responses.  We find that covariate risks increase...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: China; Risk; Consumption smoothing; Income smoothing; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; Risk and Uncertainty; O15; R23; Q15.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103379

Institutional Change in East German Water Management Systems
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Schleyer,   Christian.
Like in many fen land regions in East Germany, long-standing intensive arable farming -enabled by reclamation - has caused soil deterioration and high water runoff in the Schraden region. More than ten years of economic and political transformation that followed the breakdown of the socialist regime has worsened the situation and even added new problems. The visible consequences are droughts in the summer, waterlogged plots in the spring, and worn-down water management facilities that operate in an uncoo rdinated or unautho rized way. Given the local public good character of so me features of the fen land, the common-pool character of the intermittently scarce resource water within the ecosystem, and the conflicting interests of regional stakeholders, it...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; H41; P14; P32; Q15; Q25.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25729

Potential for Carbon Forest Plantations in Marginal Timber Forests: The Case of Patagonia, Argentina
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sedjo,   Roger A.
With the advent of the Kyoto Protocol and its recognition of the use of forestry activities and carbon sinks as acceptable tools for addressing the issue of the build-up of atmospheric carbon, the potential role of planted forests as a vehicle for carbon sequestration has taken on a new significance. Additionally, the emergence of tradable emission permits and now tradable carbon offsets provides a vehicle for financially capturing the benefits of carbon emission reductions and carbon offsetting activities. In a world where carbon sequestration has monetary value, investments in planted forests can be made with an eye to revenues to (at least two) joint outputs: timber and the carbon sequestration services. The first section of this paper examines the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Carbon sequestration; Forest plantations; Carbon offsets; Present value; Kyoto Protocol; Argentina; Developing countries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q15; Q20; Q23.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10661

Risk-Adjusted Comparison of Conservation Reserve Program Payments Versus Production Payments for a Corn-Soybean Farmer
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ibendahl,   Gregory A.
Conservation reserve program (CRP) payments amount to several billion dollars annually.  Payments are allocated to both remove land from production and to help farmers pay for conservation improvements.  However, research examining whether farmers increase their utility with CRPs is limited.  This paper uses simulation analysis and certainty equivalents to compare farming income to payments under the CRP.  Farming income is a combination of crop production and government payments as specified in the 2002 Farm Bill.  This analysis focuses on farms in three different counties in Kentucky.  Results indicate that CRPs are good choices for many farmers.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Certainty equivalents; Conservation; CRP; Government payments; Risk; Simulation; Q15; Q18; Q16; C15.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43391

Optimal Exploitation of Groundwater and the Potential for a Tradable Permit System in Irrigated Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Latinopoulos,   Dionysis; Sartzetakis,   Eftichios S.
A great challenge facing future agricultural water policy is to explore the potential for transition from the current myopic competitive (common) exploitation of groundwater resources to a long-term efficient and sustainable allocation. A number of economic and/or command and control instruments can be used by the relevant water authority in order to deal with the economic and environmental problems generated by competitive exploitation. However, according to previous experience in both developed and developing countries, tradable permits seem as one of the most effective and efficient instruments, especially under conditions of limited water availability. On this account, the aim of the current study is to explore the feasibility and implementation of a...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Tradable Water Permits; Sustainable Water Use; Irrigated Agriculture; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q15; Q25; Q28.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/102500

THE ROLE OF DEBT IN FARMLAND OWNERSHIP
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Briggeman,   Brian C.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Finance; Debt; Farmland; Agricultural Finance; Land Economics/Use; Q14; Q15.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109471

Decoupling Farm Payments: Experience in the U.S., Canada, and Europe
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ogg,   Clayton W.; van Kooten,   G. Cornelis.
Commodity payments in Europe and North America are production based, encouraging greater chemical use and cropping area. Thus, each region undermines the other’s price supports at the expense of the environment. Countries can, however, sever the link between yield levels and payments. Allowing farmers to exit agriculture poses challenges for the US, but perhaps not for Canada and the EU.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Decoupling; Liberalizing trade; Environment; Flexibility; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Q15; Q17.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37001

Tenure Insecurity, Transaction Costs in the Land Lease Market and their Implications for Gendered Productivity Differentials
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Holden,   Stein T.; Bezabih,   Mintewab.
This study sets out to assess the link between land leasing behavior and productivity differentials between male and female-headed households. A double-moral hazard model allows us to show that landlord's tenure insecurity leads to sub-optimal level of effort on tenant's part, via its impact on the likelihood of contract renewal. The landlord's enforcement ability is also shown to increase the optimal level of effort. The empirical findings support the hypothesis that female heads of households have higher tenant turnover and lower enforcement ability. The results, however, show that contract renewal is not strongly linked to productivity.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Productivity; Female headed households; Contract length; Enforcement ability; Land Economics/Use; D2; Q12; Q15; C21; C7.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25273

The Case of Smallholder Dairying in Eastern Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ngigi,   Margaret.
Agriculture plays a crucial role in the economy of sub-Saharan Africa. A feature of particular significance about the region is that the majority of households are heavily dependent on agriculture as their major source of livelihood. Smallholder agriculture is the principal producer of staple foods and cash crops, accounting for very large shares of national production and marketed output. For the respective countries, therefore, the performance of smallholder agriculture has crucial implications for the overall economic development process including the alleviation of rural poverty. The demands created by steadily increasing populations, and the pressing need to increase agricultural productivity means that these countries must continuously adopt methods...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Dairying; East Africa; Uganda; Kenya; Livestock; Smallholders; Poverty alleviation; Population growth; Agricultural productivity; Small farmers; Rural poor; Livestock Production/Industries; Q1; Q15.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59246

Use of On-Farm Reservoirs in Rice Production: Results from the MARORA Model
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Popp,   Jennie S. Hughes; Wailes,   Eric J.; Young,   Kenneth B.; Smartt,   Jim; Intarapapong,   Walaiporn.
The present article uses the modified Arkansas off-stream reservoir analysis and the environmental policy-integrated climate models to examine the impacts of on-farm reservoirs and tail water recovery systems in conjunction with other best management practices on profitability, water use, and sediment control for rice-soybean farming operations.  Results suggest that, under limited water availability conditions, reservoirs and tail water recovery systems can improve profitability, reduce ground water dependence, and reduce the movement of sediment, nutrients, and pesticides off-farm.  Although reservoirs may not be profitable under plentiful water conditions, cost-sharing opportunities may make them a viable means of addressing environmental concerns.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: On-farm reservoirs; Sediment control; Water management; Q25; Q15; Q29.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43212

The Evolution of Agricultural Policies and Agribusiness Development in Brazil
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chaddad,   Fabio Ribas; Jank,   Marcos Sawaya.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q18; O54; O13; Q15.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94415

Sources of Agricultural Productivity Growth in Central Asia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lerman,   Zvi; Sedik,   David J.
The paper examines agricultural production and productivity growth in two Central Asian countries – Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. Both countries are characterized by a significant shift of resources from the traditional Soviet model of collective agriculture to more market-compliant individual and family farming. In both countries, the beginning of the policy-driven switch to family farming around 1997 coincided with the beginning of recovery in agriculture, namely resumption of agricultural growth after a phase of transition decline since 1991. In addition to growth in total agricultural production, we also observe significant increases in productivity of both land and labor since 1997. These observations suggest that productivity growth may be attributable...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural productivity; Agricultural growth; Family farms; Corporate farms; Comparative performance; Agrarian reforms; Transition countries; Central Asia; Tajikistan; Uzbekistan; Agricultural and Food Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; Productivity Analysis; P27; P31; P32; Q15; R14.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49312

CREATION OF AGRICULTURAL LAND MARKET IN UKRAINE: CURRENT STATE OF DEVELOPMENT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Melnychuk,   Volodymyr; Parchomenko,   Sergej; Lissitsa,   Alexej.
Land reform started in Ukraine 14 years ago became one of the most important issues in transformation of large state agricultural enterprises into market oriented agricultural enterprises. Significant changes in land use and land ownership has happened as a result of land reform implementation in Ukraine. Namely, state monopoly on land was eliminated, agricultural land was privatized, citizens of Ukraine received land plots in possession, first land transactions have happened at agricultural land market etc. Actual data regarding Ukrainian land relations reformation is systematized in this Discussion paper with especial focus on establishing the prerequisites of further formation and perspective development of the agricultural land market in Ukraine....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Land market reform; Transition; Ukraine; Bodenmarktreform; Transformationsprozess; Реформа рынка земли; Переходный период; Украина; Agribusiness; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; O13; O 17; P26; P32; P48; Q15; Q18.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92022

INFORMATION AND CONSULTING SERVICE IN AGRICULTURE OF RUSSIA – A CASE STUDY FROM OMSKAYA OBLAST
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ivachnenko,   Oksana; Lissitsa,   Alexej.
The aim of the following "Discussions Paper" is to present the organisation and tasks of the current consulting service in Russian agriculture exemplified on Omskaya Oblast. Also, the structure of German advisory service in agriculture is described. German consulting service is especially interesting because of transition process in Eastern German Länder from plan to market economy and establishment of new market institutions in agricultural sector. As a new instrument for agricultural consulting service the Data Envelopment Analysis is presented.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural consulting; Data Envelopment Analysis; Efficiency; Landwirtschaftliche Beratung; Effizienz; Информационно-консультационная служба; Анализ Оболочки Данных; Эффективность.; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Industrial Organization; International Development; Q13; Q15; Q16.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92023

Analisis de escenarios de políticas para la gestion publica en la agricultura de regadio
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Riesgo,   Laura; Gomez-Limon,   Jose Antonio.
En este trabajo se presenta un enfoque metodológico para el análisis de presiones e impactos de la aplicación conjunta de diferentes escenarios de política agraria y de tarifación del agua de riego. Para alcanzar dicho objetivo se asume que los agricultores consideran distintos criterios en la gestión de su actividad productiva. En este contexto decisional se utilizan modelos de programación matemática basados en la Teoría de la Utilidad Multiatributo (MAUT), de modo que pueda simularse el comportamiento de los agricultores en el futuro. Como resultado de dicha simulación no sólo se obtienen las variables de decisión de los agricultores (planes de cultivos), sino también un conjunto de indicadores económicos, sociales y ambientales que serán de utilidad...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Multiple-Criteria Modelling; Irrigated Agriculture; Scenario Analysis; CAP; Water Policy.; Public Economics; Q25; Q15; C61.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28768

The Role of Forests as Carbon Sinks: Land-Use and Carbon Accounting
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Duarte,   Clara Costa; Cunha-e-Sa,   Maria A.; Rosa,   Renato.
The use of  forests as carbon sinks is examined by introducing carbon sequestration benefits’ accounting in a multi-vintage land allocation model. Following the IPCC, three carbon accounting methods are considered. We compare the results in each case with those without carbon sequestration, as well as the performances of the ton-year and the average methods (second-best) to the carbon flow (first-best) concerning optimal land allocation between forestry and alternative uses, total carbon sequestered, timber production and social welfare.  A full proof of long-run optimality of steady state forest is provided. Numerical simulations are performed and results discussed illustrating the setup’s potential.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Land Allocation Model; Forest Vintages; Carbon Sequestration; Carbon Accounting; Optimal Rotation; Transition/steady-state; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q15; Q23.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54169

Optimal Dynamic Management of Agricultural Land-Uses: An Application of Regime Switching
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Doole,   Graeme J.; Hertzler,   Greg.
The capacity of global agricultural production to meet increased demand for food from population growth and wealth accumulation is threatened by extensive land degradation. Nonetheless, previous research has focused primarily on the dynamic implications of input management and ignored land-use choice. This paper extends this theory through an examination of the intertemporal management of agricultural land through the use of non-crop inputs, such as fertilizer, and land uses that either degrade or restore productivity. The need to consider the relative total asset value of alternative crops over time is demonstrated. Moreover, higher output prices for degrading crops are shown to increase their relative value, motivating the later adoption of substitutes....
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Crop sequences; Land degradation; Regime switching; International Development; Production Economics; Q15; Q24.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100643

Urban Sprawl and Farmland Prices
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Livanis,   Grigorios T.; Moss,   Charles B.; Breneman,   Vincent E.; Nehring,   Richard F.
A theoretical model of farmland valuation is developed that allows urban sprawl to affect farmland values through the conversion of farmland to urban uses, shifts in production to higher-valued crops, and the speculative effect of urban pressure on farmland values. This model is estimated using county level data in the continental United States. Evidence is found for all three effects of urban sprawl on farmland values, with a significant contribution of urban pressure on net agricultural returns around major urban centers. Ancillary evidence supports that the latter effect is attributable to shifts to high-valued crops.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Hedonic determinants; Land prices; Spatial productivity; Urban sprawl; Land Economics/Use; R14; Q15; D24; C33.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15657

Sind die Pachten im Osten zu niedrig oder im Westen zu hoch?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Margarian,   Anne.
Zusammenfassung: Die Pachtpreise für Land in den neuen Bundesländern Deutschlands liegen deutlich unter denen im früheren Bundesgebiet. Im vorliegenden Bericht wird diskutiert, in wie weit das durch Skaleneffekte, die Marktmacht großer Betriebe, staatliche Regulationen der Pachtmärkte im Osten und/oder einen verzögerten Agrarstrukturwandel im Westen erklärt werden kann. Das Schätzmodell auf Landkreisebene zeigt einen nicht-linearen Zusammenhang zwischen den Erklärungsgrößen und den Pachtpreisen. Darüber hinaus spielt im Osten die Betriebsstruktur in der Erklärung der Pachtpreise eine untergeordnete Rolle, während die relative Immobilität der Betriebe im Westen zumindest teilweise die "zu hohen" Pachtpreise dort erklärt....
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Bodenmarkt; Agrarstrukturwandel; Marktmacht; Land market; Structural change; Market power; Demand and Price Analysis; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use; Q15; Q31; L11; D43; D51.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/104609

Health Check der EU-Agrarpolitik - Auswirkungen der Legislativvorschläge
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gomann,   Horst; Heiden,   Michael; Kleinhanss,   Werner; Kreins,   Peter; Ledebur,   Oliver von; Offermann,   Frank; Osterburg,   Bernhard; Salamon,   Petra.
Zusammenfassung: Die Europäische Kommission hat Mitte Mai 2008 Legislativvorschläge zum Health Check (HC) der Gemeinsamen Agrarpolitik (GAP) vorgelegt. Das Ziel der durchgeführten Studie im Auftrag des Bundesministeriums für Ernährung, Landwirtschaft und Verbraucherschutz ist es, die Wirkungen der HC-Vorschläge mit Hilfe des Modellverbundes der vTI-Agrarökonomie sowie mit einer statistischen Auswertung des EU-Testbetriebsnetzes (FADN) zu analysieren. Die Auswirkungen der HC-Vorschläge wurden in einer komparativ-statischen Betrachtung gegenüber einem Referenzszenario im Zieljahr 2015 analysiert. Nach den Modellberechnungen wird die Milcherzeugung in Deutschland nach Auslaufen der Quotenregelung um 6 % ausgedehnt. Dies impliziert ein Absinken des...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Health Check; Gemeinsame Agrarpolitik; Modellgestützte Politikfolgenabschätzung; Common Agricultural Policy; Model-based impact analyses; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q12; Q15; Q18.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/102725

Enhancing Farm Profitability through Portfolio Analysis: The Case of Spatial Rice Variety Selection
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nalley,   Lawton Lanier; Barkely,   Andrew; Watkins,   Brad; Hignight,   Jeffrey A.
This study applies portfolio theory to rice varietal selection decisions to find profit maximizing and risk minimizing outcomes. Results based on data from six counties in the Arkansas Delta for the period 1999–2006 suggest that sowing a portfolio of rice varieties could have increased profits from 3 to 26% (depending on the location) for rice producers in the Arkansas Delta. The major implication of this research is that data and statistical tools are available for rice producers to improve the choice of rice varieties to plant each year in specific locations. Specifically, there are large potential gains from combining varieties that are characterized by inverse yield responses to growing conditions such as drought, pest infestation, or the presence of a...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Optimal variety selection; Portfolio analysis; Rice; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Risk and Uncertainty; G11; Q15; Q12.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56650

La tipologia de las explotaciones en funcion de su viabilidad economica y demografica: aplicacion a las explotaciones de bovino en Galicia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Garcia,   Francisco Sineiro; Iglesias,   Edelmiro Lopez; Fernandez,   Roberto Lorenzana; Pacos,   Bernardo Valdes.
RESUMEN En este artículo se elabora una tipología de las explotaciones de bovino en Galicia en función de su viabilidad económica y demográfica, empleando como fuente las bases de datos anonimizadas de los censos agrarios de 1989 y 1999. Los resultados así obtenidos son utilizados en una triple dirección: ofrecer una radiografía de la estructura actual del sector, interpretar sus transformaciones recientes y proyectar las tendencias para la próxima década (1999-2009). El análisis permite concluir que el sector está integrado por tres grandes grupos de explotaciones, con unas características y unas perspectivas muy diferentes: aquéllas con viabilidad económica y demográfica, sólo 1/5 pero que concentran ya la mayor parte del output; las que están en manos...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Viability of farms; Agrarian structures; Bovine livestock; Galicia; Structural adjustment; Livestock Production/Industries; C81; Q12; Q15; Q18.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28775

World Food Needs and the Optimal Allocations of Lands
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hubert,   Marie-Helene; Moreaux,   Michel.
In order to assess the future world food demand/supply balance for the next century, in relation to the land uses, we develop a model in which the society has to supply two types of food demand, namely, processed crop products and meat and dairy products. From the supply side, the society can resort to different classes of land. Each class of land can be allocated wholly or partially either to crop cultivation or to pasture or last to be lain fallow. Primary crop production can be transformed either into processed crop products to satisfy final needs, or into intermediate livestock products used as inputs within the intensive industrial farming system. The livestock products can also be obtained from the extensive grazing system. The increase in world...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Aggregate supply and demand analysis; Food prices; Land-rent; Land-use; Land Economics/Use; Q11; Q15; Q24.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24627