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Registros recuperados: 92
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Future of Agriculture in the Semi-Arid Tropics Open Agri
M.C.S..
Palavras-chave: Water harvesting; Land resources; Tropical zones; Policies; Products; Biotechnology; Soil degradation; Sustainable agriculture; Electrophoresis; Agricultural trade.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://agropedia.iitk.ac.in/openaccess/?q=node/3696
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CHALLENGES IN AGRICULTURAL TRADE UNDER CUSTA: HIGHLIGHTS AgEcon
Koo, Won W.; Mattson, Jeremy W..
The report summarizes highlights of papers presented in the conference entitled "Challenges in Agricultural Trade under CUSTA" held in Fargo, North Dakota on October 26-27, 2000. The main objective of the conference was to analyze emerging issues in agricultural trade between the United States and Canada under the U.S./Canada Free Trade Agreement (CUSTA). Specific themes include: (1) changes in trade patterns under CUSTA, (2) CUSTA's impact on bilateral agricultural trade, (3) recent evolution of the U.S. and Canadian marketing systems, (4) major issues for future commercial integration, and (5) trade disputes and negotiations.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Agricultural trade; Free trade agreement; Wheat; Barley; Cattle; Beef; Trade disputes; Trade negotiations; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23552
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THE ROLE OF THE U.S. DOLLAR IN INTERNATIONAL TRADE AgEcon
Baek, Jungho; Mulik, Kranti; Koo, Won W..
This study examines the J-curve phenomenon for the U.S. agricultural trade and compares the effect on agricultural trade relative to U.S. non-agricultural trade. For this purpose, the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model is adopted to estimate bilateral trade data between the United States and her three major trading partners „Ÿ Japan, Canada, and Mexico. We find little evidence of the J-curve for U.S. agricultural trade with Japan, Canada, and Mexico. For non-agricultural trade, on the other hand, the behavior of U.S. trade with industrialized economies such as Japan and Canada follows the J-curve, but not with developing economies such as Mexico.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Agricultural trade; Autoregressive distributed lag model; J-curve effect; Non-agricultural trade; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23482
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Extending General Equilibrium to the Tariff Line: U.S. Dairy in the DOHA Development Agenda AgEcon
Grant, Jason H.; Hertel, Thomas W.; Rutherford, Thomas F..
Market access has been at the core of eight negotiating rounds of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). Yet, agricultural trade remains a heavily protected sector, characterized by higher tariffs relative to industrial goods, large tariff dispersions, numerous specific tariffs and systems of tariff-rate-quotas. This has made the analysis of trade liberalization a formidable task among policy analysts. Previous studies of agricultural trade liberalization have used partial or general equilibrium models of trade. However, each of these modeling strategies has their drawbacks. General equilibrium (GE) models have been criticized because they face serious aggregation issues and miss much of the policy detail that occurs at the tariff line. Partial...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agricultural trade; Mixed-complementarity problem; Partial equilibrium; General equilibrium; Doha Development Agenda; WTO; International Relations/Trade; Livestock Production/Industries; F01; F17; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25305
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Factor Content of Agricultural Trade AgEcon
Kancs, d'Artis; Ciaian, Pavel.
Replaced with revised version of paper 08/25/09.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Factor content; Heckscher-Ohlin; Factor abundance; Agricultural trade; International Relations/Trade; F12; F14; D23; Q12; Q17.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44458
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Tariff-Rate Quotas and Agricultural Trade: An Application to the Agricultural Free-Trade Negotiation between the MERCOSUR and the EU AgEcon
Drogue, Sophie; Ramos, Maria Priscila.
In October 2004 the European Union and the MERCOSUR tried to reach an agreement for creating what would be the world's largest free-trade area accounting for 650 millions people. But despite five years of bilateral work to strike a deal, the two parties stayed on ropes at their meeting in Portugal the 18th of October 2004. The stumbling blocks are the MERCOSUR's demand for a greater access to EU's agricultural markets and the EU's demand for expanded access for industrial goods, services and investments. Though, both partners made great efforts to comply with each other requests, it wasn't enough. In this paper we are interested in the possible last EU's offer to enlarge access to its market through the allocation of bilateral tariff-rate quotas for some...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: MERCOSUR; European Union; Agricultural trade; TRQ; GTAP; International Relations/Trade; D58; F17; F15.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24637
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Are The Poverty Effects of Trade Policies Invisible? AgEcon
Verma, Monika; Valenzuela, Ernesto; Hertel, Thomas W..
With the advent of the WTO’s Doha Development Agenda, as well as the Millennium Development Goals aiming to reduce poverty by 50 percent by 2015, poverty impacts of trade reforms have attracted increasing attention. This has been particularly true of agricultural trade reform due to the importance of food in the diets of the poor, relatively higher protection in agriculture, as well as the heavy concentration of global poverty in rural areas where agriculture is the main source of income. Yet some in this debate have argued that, given the extreme volatility in agricultural commodity markets, the additional price and poverty impacts due to trade liberalization might well be undetectable. This paper formally tests this “invisibility hypothesis” via...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Trade policy reform; Agricultural trade; Computable general equilibrium; Developing countries; Poverty headcount; Volatility; Stochastic simulation; Non-parametric hypothesis testing; Financial Economics; Risk and Uncertainty; C68; F17; I32; Q17; R20.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61793
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PREFERENTIAL TRADE ARRANGEMENTS: IMPACTS ON AGRICULTURAL TRADE AND INCOME AgEcon
Skripnitchenko, Anatoliy; Beladi, Hamid; Koo, Won W..
In this article, we focus on the effects of preferential trade arrangements on agricultural trade and agricultural income. Given the large number of preferential trade arrangements and complex interactions among them, we attempt to discover whether preferential trade arrangements are beneficial to agricultural trade and income, and are an effective tool to liberalize agricultural trade. The findings suggest that preferential trade arrangements with some exceptions tend to expand agricultural trade and improve agricultural income.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Agricultural trade; Agricultural income; Gravity model; Preferential trade agreement; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23555
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Policy bias and agriculture: partial and general equilibrium measures AgEcon
Bautista, Romeo M.; Robinson, Sherman; Tarp, Finn; Wobst, Peter.
"May 1998." "Macro Economic Reforms and Regional Integration in Southern Africa." Includes bibliographical references (p. 23-25). Published as Bautista, Romeo M., Robinson, Sherman, Tarp, Finn, and Wobst, Peter. 2001. Policy bias and agriculture: partial and general equilibrium measures. Review of Development Economics 5(1): 89-104.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Terms of trade; Equilibrium (Economics) -- Mathematical models; Tanzania; Computable general equilibrium (CGE); Agricultural trade; Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 1998 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97544
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The Doha Agenda and Agricultural Trade Reform: The Role of Economic Analysis AgEcon
Martin, William J.; Anderson, Kym.
This paper shows that research on international agricultural trade reform can make much greater contributions to understanding than was feasible in earlier trade negotiations. Part of this is due to improvements in the basic data on production, consumption and trade associated with the development of the GTAP database and part due to the greater availability of disaggregated data on applied and bound rates of protection. Unfortunately, the framework in which we operate means that we are reduced to measuring gains that are substantially less than one percent of GDP. New developments in theory and method provide the potential for our quantitative analysis to be improved in at least six areas, including improvements in: the measurement of protection;...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Trade negotiations; Multilateral; Agricultural trade; Welfare evaluation; WTO; International Relations/Trade; F13; F11; F12.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25628
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Polish agro-food trade with European countries before and after joining EU AgEcon
Adamowicz, Mieczyslaw; Rytko, Anna.
Foreign trade in agricultural and food products is a very important component of trade and agricultural policy. In the recent years these policies change influencing on the result of this trade and indirectly on food producers as well as consumers. The aim of this paper is look through the agri - food trade between Poland and European Union countries and the process of Poland's integration with the European Union which had an essential impact on trade between the member countries. The integration process connected with transition from a protective trade policy to a liberal trade policy was favourable for Poland. From 1989 to 2003, the volume of trade turnover in agri- food products between Poland and European Union increased over twofold. The European...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agricultural trade; Products' structure; Trade agreements with EU; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10080
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Informal barriers and agricultural trade: Does the integration matter? AgEcon
Huchet-Bourdon, Marilyne; Cheptea, Angela.
EU enlargement revives the debate around the participation to the EMU. We use a gravity model to see whether informal barriers have changed over a ten-year period covering the creation of the EMU, and whether their impact on European member countries’ agricultural and food trade has been modified. We find that it has led to lower information costs. We observe a diminishing marginal trade impact of both information and institutional barriers: the lower the level of these barriers, the lower the magnitude of their impact on trade. But this finding can not be directly attributed to the introduction to the Euro.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Agricultural trade; Informal barriers; Monetary union; Gravity model; Agricultural and Food Policy; F15; F33; Q17.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/115427
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EXCHANGE RATE MISALIGNMENT AND AGRICULTURAL TRADE AgEcon
Cho, Guedae; Sheldon, Ian M.; McCorriston, Steve.
Using a sample consisting of bilateral trade flows across 10 developed countries between 1974 and 1995, this paper explores the effect of exchange rate misalignment on the growth of agricultural trade as compared to other sectors. Controlling for other factors likely to determine the growth in bilateral agricultural trade, the results show that long-run real exchange rate variability has had a significant negative effect on the growth of agricultural trade over this period. Keywords: Exchange rates, misalignment, agricultural trade
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Exchange rates; Misalignment; Agricultural trade; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21824
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Sensitive Product Treatment in Agricultural Trade Negotiations AgEcon
Durand-Morat, Alvaro; Wailes, Eric J.; Sharp, Misti.
The fact that trade, and especially agricultural trade, remains far from free is puzzling, since the superiority of free trade receives overwhelming support among economists (Gawande and Krishna, 2003; Rodrik, 1994). International trade scholars have devoted significant resources to forecasting the impact of trade policy reforms (for a survey of these studies see Congressional Budget Office, 2005), and their findings are relevant inputs for officials negotiating a trade agreement as well as for politicians in charge of ratifying it. The perceived gains and losses attached to different outcomes have been identified as a significant factor shifting the outcome of a trade agreement negotiation (McMillan, 1990). Less well-known are the factors that would...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Trade negotiations; Agricultural trade; Free trade agreements; Political economy; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy; F59; Q17.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103835
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Costos de transacción en la agricultura peruana: una primera aproximación a su medición e impacto AgEcon
Escobal D'Angelo, Javier.
El objetivo de esta investigación es evaluar empíricamente los factores que determinan las estrategias de vinculación al mercado de los productores agrarios en el Perú. Asimismo, estudia el papel de los costos de transacción en el comportamiento de los hogares rurales. Además, la investigación plantea e implementa una propuesta metodológica para cuantificar los costos de transacción. Los resultados muestran que los costos de transacción en el área bajo estudio (los distritos de Pazos y Huaribamba, en Tayacaja, Huancavelica) equivalen a 50 % del valor de venta y son apreciablemente más altos (60 %) para los productores conectados al mercado a través de caminos de herradura que para aquellos vinculados al mercado a través de caminos carrozables, confirmando...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Agricultura; Costos de transacción; Comercio agrícola; Perú; Agriculture; Transaction costs; Agricultural trade; Peru; Agricultural Finance; Q12; Q13.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37770
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SHOULD REGIONAL TRADE LIBERALIZATION OF AGRICULTURE BE A POLICY PRIORITY IN SOUTHERN AFRICA? AgEcon
Nin Pratt, Alejandro; Diao, Xinshen; Bahta, Yonas Tesfamariam.
We develop a detailed trade analysis to assess the potential impacts of a free trade agreement (FTA) on the agricultural sector of Southern African countries. We do this by combining the use of a partial equilibrium analysis with bilateral trade data at the four-digit Standard International Trade Classification (SITC) level for 193 agricultural industries in 14 Southern African countries. Results show that the overall welfare effects of a FTA would be positive but small in most countries. Largest benefits would go to countries with a regional comparative advantage for agriculture, while still being inefficient producers of regionally traded commodities. No direct gains for importing countries are expected because a FTA would increase imports from...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Regional trade agreement; Southern Africa; Agricultural trade; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; F15; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51734
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Conceptualizing Multifunctional Agriculture from a Global Perspective AgEcon
Moon, Wanki.
The notion of multifunctional agriculture has been actively researched from diverse disciplines including economics, ecology, sociology, and geography since emerged out of the Uruguay Round in the 1990s. In particular, the economics approach represents an attempt to tailor the concept of multifunctional agriculture to market-oriented WTO trade regime. The economics approach has been fundamentally troubled by the lack of concord among WTO member countries on the question of what constitutes multifunctional agriculture. Upon examining how differently the notion of multifunctional agriculture is perceived across the US, the EU, the Cairns group, the LDCs, and the developed food-importing countries (the G10), this article theorizes that multifunctional...
Tipo: Presentation Palavras-chave: Multifunctional agriculture; Global governance of agriculture; WTO; Agricultural trade; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119751
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The border effect in agricultural markets between European Union, OECD and LDC countries AgEcon
Olper, Alessandro; Raimondi, Valentina.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Border effect; Gravity equation; Agricultural trade; European Union; LDCs; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; Q17.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37817
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Environmental Regulations and Agricultural Competitiveness AgEcon
Colyer, Dale.
The cost of meeting environmental regulations can be a critical factor in determining the competitiveness of a product, since the cost advantages of producers in one country are often very slim. The existence of negative externalities means that prices are lower than would prevail if all costs where included in the prices of the products. Additional costs associated with new regulations have an effect on the continued importance of a country's agricultural exports. Governments often assist their agricultural sectors in overcoming the disadvantages through subsidies, tax breaks, technical assistance or other means. This assistance increasingly takes the form of green payments, which are currently exempt from the WTO limits imposed on domestic subsidies....
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Agricultural policy; Agricultural trade; Competitiveness; Environment; Environmental regulation; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23846
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Welfare Impacts of Agricultural and Non-Agricultural Trade Reforms AgEcon
Laborde, David; Martin, William J.; van der Mensbrugghe, Dominique.
The variability of protection rates within sectors is frequently particularly high in agriculture relative to non-agriculture. Standard aggregation procedures ignore the variability within sectors, and underweight the importance of highly protected sectors. It therefore seems likely that they underestimate the potential benefits of agricultural trade reform relative to non-agricultural reform. This study examines this question using a new procedure for aggregating trade distortions. It finds that the key impact of using better aggregators is to increase the benefits of both agricultural and non-agricultural reform. It finds that using optimal aggregation procedures increases the measured importance of agricultural trade reform relative to non-agricultural...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agricultural trade; Nonagricultural trade; Trade distortions; Tariffs; Aggregation; World Trade Organization; WTO; Trade reform; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; Q13; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103958
Registros recuperados: 92
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