SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Alvarado Beltrán, Gregorio.

Con la finalidad de evaluar el nivel de diversidad morfológica y genética de maíces nativos de los nichos ecológicos de Libres, Mazapiltepec y Huamantla, correspondientes a los estados de Puebla y Tlaxcala, se desarrolló la presente investigación, la cual se dividió en dos etapas. La primera comprendió una caracterización morfológica, evaluando 134 poblaciones nativas de la región de estudio, siete testigos raciales y tres testigos comerciales, en un diseño experimental látice simple 12 x 12 con dos repeticiones en tres localidades, registrándose 21 caracteres morfológicos. La segunda consistió en un análisis isoenzimático en 49 poblaciones nativas representativas y cinco testigos raciales, explorando diez sistemas enzimáticos que codifican para 19 loci....

Palavras-chave: Zea mays L.; Poblaciones nativas; Recursos fitogenéticos; Variabilidad genética; Landraces; Plant genetic resources; Genetic variability; Doctorado; Genética.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/182

Identificación y fluctuación poblacional de trips (Insecta: Thysanoptera) asociados con hortalizas de la región central de México.

Turcios Palomo, Ciro Luis Antonio.

En la actualidad los cultivos de hortalizas en México son severamente afectados por insectos conocidos como trips (Thysanoptera: Insecta), las pérdidas son notables en jitomate, chile, tomate de cáscara, calabacita, pepino y cebolla por la importancia económica que representan. La afectación es, por los daños que ocasionan cuando se alimentan de sus brotes y frutos tiernos, follaje y flores, por la transmisión de virus fitopatógenos, por su periodicidad y por las constantes aplicaciones de productos fitosanitarios para su control. Las especies Frankliniella occidentalis y Thrips tabaci, destacan como las más relevantes en estos cultivos por su capacidad invasiva, su amplia distribución y polifagia. De febrero de 2010 a febrero de 2011 se muestrearon...

Palavras-chave: Frankliniella; Thrips; Fluctuación poblacional; Variabilidad genética; Population fluctuation; Genetic variability; Entomología y Acarología; Doctorado.

Ano: 2013

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/2184

Diversidad de maíces nativos de tres nichos ecológicos del altiplano poblano-tlaxcalteca.

Alvarado Beltrán, Gregorio.

Palavras-chave: Zea mays L.; Poblaciones nativas; Recursos fitogenéticos; Variabilidad genética; Landraces; Plant genetic resources; Genetic variability; Doctorado; Genética.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/182

Evolución genética de cuatro especies de Anastrepha spp. (Díptera: Tephritidae).

Teodoro Pardo, Claudia Verónica de.

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la variabilidad genética en diferentes especies del género Anastrepha (Anastrepha ludens, A. obliqua, A. serpentina y A. striata), estudiar el flujo genético en A. ludens entre diferentes poblaciones de México y de Guatemala mediante un análisis isoenzimático, cuantificar ADN del ganglio cerebral y glándulas salivales y explorar la hibridación genómica in situ (GISH) en cada una de las especies de moscas en condiciones de laboratorio. Se analizaron los sistemas isoenzimáticos 6PGDH, IDH, ME, MDH, GPI y GOT en las cuatro especies de moscas en condiciones de laboratorio y campo, y para el flujo genético sólo cuatro sistemas fueron estudiados. Se examinaron 30 individuos (15 hembras y 15 machos) de cada población. Los...

Palavras-chave: Anastrepha; Contenido de ADN; Citometría de flujo; Electroforesis; GISH; Isoenzimas; Flujo genético; Variabilidad genética; DNA content; Flow cytometry; Electrophoresis; Isozymes; Gene flow; Genetic variability; Doctorado; Genética.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/569

Evolución genética de cuatro especies de Anastrepha spp. (Díptera: Tephritidae).

Teodoro Pardo, Claudia Verónica de.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/569

Analysis of diversity among six populations of Colombian mango (Mangifera indica L. cvar. Hilacha) using RAPDs markers

Díaz-Matallana,Marcela; Schuler-García,Ingrid; Ruiz-García,Manuel; Hodson de Jaramillo,Elizabeth.

Currently in Colombia, there are only records of morph-agronomic characterizations of Mangifera indica cvar. Hilacha; molecular studies on this mango variety have not been carried out. The aim of this work was to identify the genetic diversity of six populations of mango Hilacha by RAPDs markers, as a fundamental base for breeding programs, conservation and selection of promissory materials for the fruit industry at the national level. From 60 primers evaluated in the populations, five primers were selected and were launched in the six populations. Polymorphic bands of RAPDs were transformed into binary matrices, which were then processed with NTSYS-PC, POPGENE and TFPGA softwares. The overall genetic diversity, H T = 0.468 ± 0.0016, is very similar to the...

Tipo: Journal article

Palavras-chave: Genetic variability; Mango Hilacha; Organoleptic quality; RAPDs.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582009000300001

Genetic diversity of breeding popcorn lines determined by SSR markers

Ribeiro Trindade,Ana Paula; Barth Pinto,Ronald José; Amaral Júnior,Antonio Teixeira do; Mangolin,Claudete Aparecida; Silva Machado,Maria de Fátima Pires da; Scapim,Carlos Alberto.

Information about genetic dissimilarity is very important to corroborate genealogical relationships and to predict the most heterozygotic hybrid combinations. Eight popcorn S6 lines of diverse germplasm types were evaluated using simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers. Of a total of 51 evaluated polymorphic primers, 15 were used for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification. The genetic distance was estimated by Rogers’ modified distance. The different popcorn breeding programs in Brazil are possibly using highly similar base-populations. The genetic similarity of lines P1-3 and P8-1 was lowest, while P3-3 and P8-2 were genetically more similar. The cophenetic correlation showed that the Unweighted Pair-Group Method Using Arithmetic Averages...

Tipo: Journal article

Palavras-chave: Advanced generations; Genetic variability; Molecular markers; Zea mays.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582010000100004

Population structure and genetic diversity of Brazilian popcorn germplasm inferred by microsatellite markers

da Silva,Tereza Aparecida; Belizário Cantagalli,Liriana; Saavedra,Javier; Lopes,Ana Daniela; Aparecida Mangolin,Claudete; Pires da Silva Machado,Maria de Fatima; Scapim,Carlos Alberto.

Background The genetic diversity and structure of 31 popcorn accessions of the germplasm bank of the State University of Maringá were assessed using 30 microsatellite primers. Results 127 alleles were identified from 30 evaluated loci. The number of alleles per locus ranged from two to eight. The overall mean of the polymorphic loci averaged 79.89%. The primers UMC1549 and UMC1072 detected polymorphism in all accessions analyzed. The mean observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.07 to 0.30 and the highest proportion of heterozygous plants was observed in accession BOZM 260 (Ho = 0.30). The analysis of molecular variance revealed that 60% of the total genetic variation was found within accessions and 40% was found between accessions. The Bayesian clustering...

Tipo: Journal article

Palavras-chave: Genetic variability; Maize; Molecular marker.

Ano: 2015

URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582015000300007

Genetic diversity analysis of traditional and improved cultivars of Pakistani rice (Oryza sativa L.) using RAPD markers

Rabbani,Malik Ashiq; Pervaiz,Zahida Hassan; Masood,Muhammad Shahid.

The molecular marker is a useful tool for assessing genetic variations and resolving cultivar identities. Information on genetic diversity and relationships among rice genotypes from Pakistan is currently very limited. The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic polymorphisms and identities of 10 traditional, 28 improved and 2 Japanese cultivars of rice using the random amplified polymorphic DNA technique. Twenty-five decamer-primers could generate a total of 208 RAPD fragments, of which 186 or 89.4% were polymorphic. The number of amplification products produced by each primer varied from 4 to 16 with an average of 8.3 bands primer-1. The size of amplified fragments were ranged from 200 to 4000 bp. Pair-wise Nei and Li's similarity had...

Tipo: Journal article

Palavras-chave: Cultivar discrimination; Genetic variability; Oryza sativa; Pakistani rice; RAPDs.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582008000300006

WITHIN-POPULATION GENETIC DIVERSITY OF CLIMBING PLANTS AND TREES IN A TEMPERATE FOREST IN CENTRAL CHILE

Gayana Botánica

Torres-Díaz,Cristian; Ruiz,Eduardo; Salgado-Luarte,Cristian; Molina-Montenegro,Marco A; Gianoli,Ernesto.

The climbing habit is a key innovation in angiosperm evolution: climbing plant taxa have greater species richness than their non-climbing sister groups. It is considered that highly diversified clades should show increased among-population genetic differentiation. Less clear is the expected pattern regarding within-population genetic diversity in speciose lineages. We tested the hypothesis of greater within-population genetic diversity in climbing plants compared to trees in a temperate forest in central Chile. The assumption underlying this hypothesis is that higher among-population differentiation in climbers compared to trees should reflect higher genetic diversity as well. AFLP markers from 167 individual plants from 14 species (seven climbers and...

Tipo: Journal article

Palavras-chave: AFLP; Climbers; Evolution; Genetic variability; Key innovation.

Ano: 2013

URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-66432013000100005

Assessment of genetic variability within and among coffee progenies and cultivars using RAPD markers

Silveira,Sheila Recepute; Ruas,Paulo Maurício; Ruas,Claudete de Fátima; Sera,Tumoru; Carvalho,Valdemar de Paula; Coelho,Alexandre Siqueira Guedes.

The RAPD technique associated with restriction digestion of genomic DNA was used to assess the genetic variability within and among nine populations of Coffea arabica, including six progenies belonging to the Sarchimor germplasm, the progeny PR 77054-40-10 (Catuaí Vermelho IAC 81 x Icatu), and two commercial cultivars (IAPAR 59 and Catuaí Vermelho IAC-81). These populations were evaluated using analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA), genetic similarity among progenies, and percentage of polymorphic loci. A total of 99 RAPD markers were evaluated of which 67 (67.67%) were polymorphic. AMOVA showed that 38.5% and 61.5% of the genetic variation was distributed among and within populations, respectively. The fixation index (F ST) of the genotypes was 0.385....

Genetic diversity in Brazilian sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam., Solanales, Convolvulaceae) landraces assessed with microsatellite markers

Palavras-chave: Coffee breeding; Genetic variability; Molecular variance; RAPD markers.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572003000300018

Veasey,Elizabeth Ann; Borges,Aline; Rosa,Mariana Silva; Queiroz-Silva,Jurema R.; Bressan,Eduardo de Andrade; Peroni,Nivaldo.

We used simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to investigate the genetic diversity of 78 sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) accessions (58 landraces and 20 putative clones) from traditional agricultural households from 19 local communities in the Vale do Ribeira, São Paulo, Brazil. Eight SSR loci were assessed using 6% (w/v) polyacrylamide gels stained with silver nitrate and the accessions genotyped considering the presence or absence of bands. The results were subjected to analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA), and cluster and principal coordinate analyses. Spatial structure was assessed using Mantel's test to compare genetic and geographic distances. Each primer pair generated between three and ten clearly scorable polymorphic fragments. Cluster analyses...

High levels of genetic variability and differentiation in hilsa shad, Tenualosa ilisha (Clupeidae, Clupeiformes) populations revealed by PCR-RFLP analysis of the mitochondrial DNA D-loop region

Palavras-chave: Genetic variability; Landraces; SSR; Traditional agriculture; Vale do Ribeira.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572008000400020

Mazumder,Sabuj Kanti; Alam,Md. Samsul.

The hilsa shad, Tenualosa ilisha (Clupeidae, Clupeiformes) is an important anadromous clupeid species from the Western division of the Indo-Pacific region. It constitutes the largest single fishable species in Bangladesh. Information on genetic variability and population structure is very important for both management and conservation purposes. Past reports on the population structure of T. ilisha involving morphometric, allozyme and RAPD analyses are contradictory. We examined genetic variability and divergence in two riverine (the Jamuna and the Meghna), two estuarine (Kuakata and Sundarbans) and one marine (Cox's Bazar) populations of T. ilisha by applying PCR-RFLP analysis of the mtDNA D-loop region. The amplified PCR products were restricted with four...

Genetic variability in the endophytic fungus Guignardia citricarpa isolated from citrus plants

Palavras-chave: Genetic variability; PCR-RFLP; MtDNA; Tenualosa ilisha.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572009000100029

Glienke-Blanco,Chirlei; Aguilar-Vildoso,Carlos Ivan; Vieira,Maria Lúcia Carneiro; Barroso,Paulo Augusto Vianna; Azevedo,João Lúcio.

During some phases of of their life-cycle endophytic fungi colonize plants asymptomatically being found most frequently inside the aerial part of plant tissues. After surface disinfection of apparently healthy leaves from three varieties of mandarin orange and one tangor, and after incubation on appropriate culture medium, 407 fungal isolates were obtained, giving a total infection frequency of 81%. No fungal growth was observed from disinfected seeds, indicating that fungi are probably not transmitted via seeds. Of the fungal isolates, 27% belonged to the genus Guignardia, with 12 isolates being identified as Guignardia citricarpa Kiely, which is described as a citrus pathogen. The isolates were variable in respect to the presence of sexual structures and...

Genetic characterization of 18 novel microsatellite loci in northern pike (Esox lucius L.)

Palavras-chave: Citrus; Endophytes; Genetic variability; Guignardia citricarpa; Mandarin; RAPD.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572002000200021

Wang,Jun; Wang,Chenghui; Qian,Long; Ma,Yuqing; Yang,Xinxin; Jeney,Zsigmond; Li,Sifa.

The northern pike (Esox lucius L.), an important predatory freshwater species, is undergoing significant population decline. In this study, 18 novel polymorphic microsatellite loci were isolated and used for assessing genetic variation in the Chinese Ulungur and Hungarian Balaton populations of the species. The number of alleles ranged from 2 to 13, observed heterozygosity from 0.154 to 0.920 and expected heterozygosity from 0.145 to 0.921, thereby indicating the specific usefulness of these suites of markers for investigating genetic variability.

Molecular characterization of Chaetomium species using URP-PCR

Palavras-chave: Northern pike; Microsatellite loci; Genetic variability.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572011000100029

Genetic structure analysis of Eufriesea violacea (Hymenoptera, Apidae) populations from southern Brazilian Atlantic rainforest remnants

Aggarwal,Rashmi; Sharma,Vandana; Kharbikar,Lalit L.; Renu,.

Chaetomium spp. are common colonizers of soil and cellulose-containing substrates. Seventeen isolates of Chaetomium spp., which included 15 isolates of C. globosum and one each of C. reflexum and C. perlucidum , were genetically characterized with universal rice primers (URP - primers derived from DNA repeat sequences in the rice genome) using polymerase chain reaction (URP-PCR). Out of the 12 URP's used in the study, nine primers were effective in producing polymorphic fingerprint patterns from DNA of Chaetomium spp . Analysis of the entire fingerprint profile using the unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic averages (UPGMA) clearly differentiated C. globosum isolates from C. perlucidum and C. reflexum . One of the primers, URP-2R,...

Palavras-chave: Chaetomium globosum; Chaetomium reflexum; Chaetomium perlucidum; Genetic variability; URP-PCR.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572008000500023

Sofia,Silvia H.; Paula,Francine M. de; Santos,Aline M. dos; Almeida,Fernanda S.; Sodré,Leda M.K..

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to analyze the genetic structure of Eufriesea violacea populations in three fragments (85.47, 832.58 and 2800 ha) of Atlantic rainforest located in the north of the Brazilian state of Paraná. A total of twelve primers produced 206 loci, of which 129 were polymorphic (95% criterion). The proportions of polymorphic loci in each population ranged from 57.28% to 59.2%, revealing very similar levels of genetic variability in the groups of bees from each fragment. Unbiased genetic distances between groups ranged from 0.0171 to 0.0284, the smallest genetic distance occurring between bees from the two larger fragments. These results suggest that the E. violacea populations from the three fragments have...

Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other

Palavras-chave: Euglossine bees; Euglossina; Rainforest fragments; Genetic variability; RAPD.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572005000300026

Allozyme variation among three populations of the armored catfish Hypostomus regani (Ihering, 1905) (Siluriformes, Loricariidae) from the Paraná and Paraguay river basins, Brazil

Zawadzki,Cláudio H.; Renesto,Erasmo; Peres,Maria Dolores; Paiva,Suzana.

Three Brazilian populations of the armored catfish Hypostomus regani (Ihering, 1905) were sampled, one from the Corumbá Reservoir in Goiás state, another from the Itaipu Reservoir in Paraná state and a third from the Manso Reservoir in Mato Grosso state. Allozyme electrophoresis was used to establish the genetic structure of the species, with the analysis of liver, heart and muscles tissues allowing the scoring of 25 loci from 14 enzymatic systems. Although no diagnostic loci were found, some exclusive rare alleles were recorded for the three populations. The genetically most similar populations were those from Corumbá and Itaipu, and the most distant were the populations from Manso and Corumbá. The allozyme data showed three structured populations...

Mitochondrial DNA variation in wild populations of Leporinus elongatus from the Paraná River basin

Palavras-chave: Allozymes; Genetic variability; Hypostomus regani; Loricariidae; Paraguay and Paraná Rivers.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572008000400025

Martins,Cesar; Wasko,Adriane P.; Oliveira,Claudio; Foresti,Fausto.

Leporinus elongatus, a fish species widely distributed throughout the Paraná River basin in South America, is an important fishery resource and a valuable species in aquaculture programs. Despite its great economic importance, several wild populations have been suffering a drastic reduction. The comprehension of its population structure represents an important step for the conservation of these organisms in natural environments, and also for the selection of wild stocks to be used in hatchery programs. In order to understand the genetic-population structure of L. elongatus, D-loop mitochondrial DNA analyses were applied in six wild populations of the species. The results were used to estimate the levels of within and among population genetic variability....

Esterase-3 polymorphism in the sugarcane borer Diatraea saccharalis (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae)

Palavras-chave: Conservation genetics; D-loop; Genetic variability; Leporinus elongatus; MtDNA.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572003000100006

Ruvolo-Takasusuki,Maria Claudia C.; Machado,Maria de Fátima P.S.; Conte,Hélio.

The migration rate of esterases and their substrate specificity for 4-methylumbelliferyl esters (acetate, propionate, and butyrate) and alpha- and beta-naphthyl esters were analyzed in Diatraea saccharalis by starch gel electrophoresis. Substrate preference of esterases was observed with Est-2 and Est-8 isozymes showing substrate specificity for 4-methylumbelliferyl esters and Est-4 isozyme showing specificity for 4-methylumbelliferyl butyrate and alpha-naphthyl butyrate. Allele variation was detected at the Est-3 locus. Two alleles, Est-3F and Est-3S, were identified in pupae with fluorogenic and ester-naphthyl substrates. Chi-square analysis showed no differences between the observed genotypic frequencies and those expected on the basis of Hardy-Weinberg...