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Modelación de eventos extremos usando la distribución Dagum. Colegio de Postgraduados
Sexto Monroy, Benjamín.
En el presente trabajo se implementa la modelación de valores extremos con la metodolog ía "block maxima", específicamente en niveles m áximos diarios de ozono de la estaci ón Pedregal de la Cd. de M éxico de los años 2001 a 2008, usando la distribución Dagum que es de cola pesada y es usada generalmente como distribuci ón de ingreso, pero tiene un antecedente en el campo meteorol ógico, donde fue usado para modelar la cantidad de precipitaci ón pluvial. Una visualizaci ón general de los datos, hecha gr áficamente, revela una tendencia a la baja de los niveles m áximos diarios de ozono, por lo cual se decide realizar el an álisis por año. Mediante la prueba de Kolmogorov-Smirnov se prueba si las observaciones de cada año siguen la distribución Dagum. El...
Palavras-chave: Tendencia; Ozono; Valor Extremo; VGAM; Trends; Ozone; Extreme Value; Maestría; Estadística.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/364
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Distribución espacial e impacto de aeropoluantes en la salud del bosque de conservación del Distrito Federal. Colegio de Postgraduados
Franco Islas, Yolanda.
Estudios y observaciones desarrollados por más de 30 años indican que las concentraciones de gases oxidantes que son emitidos diariamente a la atmósfera en la Ciudad de México, producen daños a la vegetación. La defoliación prematura, el moteado y el bandeado clorótico del follaje, son los primeros síntomas de declinación de Abies religiosa y Pinus hartwegii. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la distribución espacial y efectos de la contaminación atmosférica en los ecosistemas forestales suburbanos del Distrito Federal. El muestreo se realizó por estrato forestal: Bosque de oyamel, pino, encino y mixto, en las épocas seca-fría 2011 y cálido-seca 2012. Se establecieron 62 sitios circulares de 0.1 ha, se colocó un muestreador pasivo...
Palavras-chave: Ozono; Indicador de salud forestal; Índice ajustado de composición foliar; Índice de severidad de daño; Ozone; Forest health indicator; Adjusted index of foliage composition; Damage severity index; Doctorado; Forestal.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/2223
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Estimación de Tendencias en Niveles Máximos de Contaminación usando Regresión por Cuantiles a justando el efecto por variables meteorológicas Colegio de Postgraduados
Reyes Cervantes, Hortensia Josefina.
En este traba jo se proponen dos metodolog´ıas estad´ısticas de an´alisis basada en la teor´ıa de valores extremos para modelar tendencias de contaminaci´ on, aplic´andose en el caso particular de la contaminaci´on ambiental de la Ciudad de M´exico. En la pri- mera metodolog´ıa, suponiendo que los datos de medici´on de ozono se pueden modelar de acuerdo a un modelo param´etrico, pues existen las condiciones de regularidad para la funci´on GVE, se pueden aplicar resultados de la teor´ıa asint´otica para investigar si hay condiciones para que los par´ametros estimados tengan distribuci´on normal y se pueda estimar la funci´on cuantil de la distribuci´on GVE. Para la funci´on cuantil a diferentes niveles, en este caso para p = 0.05, se obtiene la...
Tipo: Tesis Palavras-chave: Teor´ıa de valores extremos; Ozono troposf´erico; Excedencias; Ozono Theory of extreme values; Tropospheric ozone; Exceedances; Ozone.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/1054
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Modelación de eventos extremos usando la distribución Dagum. Colegio de Postgraduados
Sexto Monroy, Benjamin.
En el presente trabajo se implementa la modelación de valores extremos con la metodolog ía "block maxima", específicamente en niveles m áximos diarios de ozono de la estaci ón Pedregal de la Cd. de M éxico de los años 2001 a 2008, usando la distribución Dagum que es de cola pesada y es usada generalmente como distribuci ón de ingreso, pero tiene un antecedente en el campo meteorol ógico, donde fue usado para modelar la cantidad de precipitaci ón pluvial. Una visualizaci ón general de los datos, hecha gr áficamente, revela una tendencia a la baja de los niveles m áximos diarios de ozono, por lo cual se decide realizar el an álisis por año. Mediante la prueba de Kolmogorov-Smirnov se prueba si las observaciones de cada año siguen la distribución Dagum. El...
Palavras-chave: Tendencia; Ozono; Valor Extremo; VGAM; Trends; Ozone; Extreme Value; Maestría; Estadística.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/364
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Estimación de tendencias en niveles máximos de contaminación usando regresión por cuantiles ajustando el efecto por variables meteorológicas Colegio de Postgraduados
Reyes Cervantes, Hortensia Josefina.
En este traba jo se proponen dos metodologías estadísticas de análisis basada en la teoria de valores extremos para modelar tendencias de contaminación, aplicándose en el caso particular de la contaminación ambiental de la Ciudad de México. En la primera metodología, suponiendo que los datos de medición de ozono se pueden modelar de acuerdo a un modelo paramétrico, pues existen las condiciones de regularidad para la función GVE, se pueden aplicar resultados de la teoría asintótica para investigar si hay condiciones para que los parámetros estimados tengan distribución normal y se pueda estimar la función cuantil de la distribución GVE. Para la función cuantil a diferentes niveles, en este caso para p = 0.05, se obtiene la tendencia para las 20 estaciones...
Tipo: Tesis Palavras-chave: Teoría de valores extremos; Ozono troposférico; Excedencias; Ozono; Doctorado; Estadística; Theory of extreme values; Tropospheric ozone; Exceedances; Ozone.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/1363
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ALTERATION OF NITROGEN CYCLING BY AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES, AND ITS ENVIRONMENTAL AND HEALTH CONSEQUENCES Gayana Botánica
Cleemput,Oswald van; Boeckx,Pascal.
The food demands of the increasing world population puts pressure on land use and N availability. In this paper an overview is given of the different N cycling processes affected by agricultural activities. Of the amount of N added to the soil, about half is removed from the field as harvested crop, while the remainder of the N is incorporated into soil organic matter or is lost to other parts of the environment. During the last decades there has been much research on environmental consequences of agricultural activities, mainly on emission of gaseous N compounds (NH3, NO, N2O and N2), but also on N leaching, runoff and erosion. Study of the factors controlling loss of N is complex because of their multiplicity and mutual interactions. More recently...
Tipo: Journal article Palavras-chave: Acidification; Drinking water; Eutrophication; Greenhouse effect; Nitrogen loss; Ozone.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-66432005000200005
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Processo de ozonização gasosa em milho e seu efeito na redução da micobiota e na degradação de aflatoxinas. Infoteca-e
FREITAS-SILVA, O.; CASTRO, I. M. de; TROBETE, F. M.; ASCHERI, J. L. R.; DIREITO, G. M.; PORTO, Y. D..
O presente trabalho estudou o efeito da aplicação de ozônio gasoso sobre a degradação das aflatoxinas AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 e AFG2 em milho, em três diferentes condições experimentais, de modo a se avaliar a viabilidade de um sistema-protótipo proposto para ozonização. A ozonização gasosa mostrou-se uma tecnologia não térmica eficaz para reduzir a contaminação por aflatoxinas em milho triturado. Os tratamentos com ozonização mais drásticos, ou seja, aqueles com maior concentração de ozônio, maior tempo de exposição e menor massa de grãos, apresentaram melhores resultados na redução da contaminação por aflatoxinas totais, alcançando valores próximos a 45%. Portanto, o sistema de ozonização proposto mostrou-se eficaz nas condições estudadas, podendo servir de...
Tipo: Boletim de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (INFOTECA-E) Palavras-chave: Descontaminação de micotoxinas; Aflatoxin decontamination; Ozônio; Zea Mays; Tecnologia de Alimento; Grão; Produto de Origem Vegetal; Ozone; Food technology; Vegetable products; Grains.
Ano: 2019 URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1110442
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Recherche et élimination des facteurs inhibiteurs de croissance dans les élevages piscicoles en circuit fermé ArchiMer
Leonard, Noemie.
Recirculation of the water of fish rearing systems requires a biological treatment based on the nitrifying activity of autotrophic bacteria. In parallel heterotrophic bacterial populations utilise the organic substrate, produced by the fish, to grow. Opposite to the autotrophic populations, the heterotrophic bacteria (1) have a quick growth and (2) might contain fish pathogenic strains. The main aim was to characterise the heterotrophic bacteria populations ?.nd to understand (1) which parameters do control the dynamics of their populations and (2) their influence on the quality of the recirculating water. In a rearing system, the heterotrophic bacterial populations are stable in number and in genus, for a given operating mode. The bacteria are either...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Carbon; Gills; Bacterium; Humics substances; Fish; Ozone; Aquiculture; Carbone; Branchies; Bacterie; Substances humiques; Poisson; Ozone; Aquaculture.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2000/these-1728.pdf
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Viral depuration of Mytilus galloprovincialis in ozone treated water ArchiMer
Croci, L; Demedici, D; Franco, E; Gabrielli, R; Dipasquale, S; Toti, L.
The depuration effectiveness of Poliovirus 1 and HAV contamined mussels, when subjected to flowing ozonized water, was evaluated. Mussels were experimentally contamined and then depurated up to 72 hours using a pilot depuration system with ozone treated and untreated water. The results showed that viral infectivity titter decreased more rapidly in mussels subjected to ozonized water (from 10 super(4) TCID50 to 10 super(1.5) TCID50 per ml of Poliovirus 1 but in the following period it remained unchanged. Also HAV was detected in the mussels after 72 h of depuration.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Mytilus galloprovincialis; Bivalvia; Ozonation; Ozone; Viral diseases; Marine molluscs; Self purification.
Ano: 1992 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-1610.pdf
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Effect of oxidation–reduction potential on performance of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) in recirculating aquaculture systems ArchiMer
Li, Xian; Blancheton, Jean-paul; Liu, Ying; Triplet, Sebastien; Michaud, Luigi.
The direct impact of oxidation–reduction potential (ORP) on fish welfare and water quality in marine recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) is poorly documented. In this study, the effects of the fish size (S1, S2, S3) and ORP level (normal, four successive levels) on the performance of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) were investigated. Three size fish were distributed into two RAS (RAS and RAS O3). Ozone was injected into RAS O3 to increase the ORP level. The ORP was stabilized to four successive levels: 260–300, 300–320, 320–350, and 300–320 mV in fish tanks during four periods (P1–4). At the last day of each period, the hematological parameters, plasma protein and mortality of sea bass were analyzed. Two-way ANOVA revealed that several...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: ORP; Performance; European sea bass; RAS; Ozone.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00171/28201/26502.pdf
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Eggshell microbiology and quality of hatching eggs subjected to different sanitizing procedures PAB
Clímaco,Winnie Luiza dos Santos; Melo,Érica de Faria; Vaz,Diego Pereira; Saldanha,Mariana Masseo; Pinto,Maria Fernanda Vieira da Silva; Fernandes,Letícia Carolina Cleto; Baião,Nelson Carneiro; Oliveira,Letícia Goulart de; Sant’Anna,Felipe Machado de; Souza,Marcelo Resende de; Lara,Leonardo José Camargos.
Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different disinfection procedures as alternatives to formaldehyde fumigation on eggshell microbial load and quality of eggs from a 42-week-old Cobb commercial breeder flock. A total of 10,080 clean eggs collected from the nests were randomly distributed in a randomized complete block design, among the following treatment groups: 13.33 g m-3 formaldehyde fumigation, 5-10 ppm ozone fumigation, 6.36 mW cm-2 UV-C light irradiation, spraying with 1.56% hydrogen peroxide, spraying with 0.13% peracetic acid, spraying with water (wet control), and no disinfection procedure (dry control). Per treatment, eight samples of four eggs each were collected before and after the disinfection procedure, in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Bacterial count; Ozone; Resistance force; Sanitizers; Thickness; UV light.
Ano: 2018 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2018001001177
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Controlling Ozone and Fine Particulates: Cost Benefit Analysis with Meteorological Variability AgEcon
Shih, Jhih-Shyang; Bergin, Michelle S.; Krupnick, Alan J.; Russell, Armistead G..
In this paper, we develop an integrated cost-benefit analysis framework for ozone and fine particulate control, accounting for variability and uncertainty. The framework includes air quality simulation, sensitivity analysis, stochastic multi-objective air quality management, and stochastic cost-benefit analysis. This paper has two major contributions. The first is the development of stochastic source-receptor (S-R) coefficient matrices for ozone and fine particulate matter using an advanced air quality simulation model (URM-1ATM) and an efficient sensitivity algorithm (DDM-3D). The second is a demonstration of this framework for alternative ozone and PM2.5 reduction policies. Alternative objectives of the stochastic air quality management model include...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Ambient air; Ozone; Particulate matter; Risk management; Public policy; Cost-benefit analysis; Variability and uncertainty; Stochastic simulation; Stochastic multi-objective programming; Decision-making; National Ambient Air Quality Standards; Environmental Economics and Policy; C6; Q2; Q25; Q28.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10735
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The Evolution of NOx Control Policy for Coal-Fired Power Plants in the United States AgEcon
Burtraw, Dallas; Evans, David A..
Emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx ) contribute to formation of particulate matter and ozone, and also to acidification of the environment. The electricity sector is responsible for about 20% of NOx emissions in the United States, and the sector has been the target of both prescriptive (command-and-control) and flexible (cap-and-trade) approaches to regulation. We summarize the major NOx control policies affecting this sector, and provide some perspectives as to their effectiveness. While both prescriptive and flexible approaches continue to play an important role, significant new proposals have wholly embraced a cap-and-trade approach.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Emissions trading; Cap and trade; Air pollution; Cost-benefit analysis; Electricity; Particulates; Ozone; Nitrogen oxides; Acid rain; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q25; Q4; D62; Q28.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10645
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Ozone Externalities on Crop Production: Insights from UK Farm Level Data AgEcon
Neeliah, Harris; Shankar, Bhavani.
Tropospheric ozone is an air pollutant thought to reduce crop yields across Europe. Much experimental scientific work has been completed or is currently underway to quantify yield effects at ambient ozone levels. In this research, we seek to directly evaluate whether such effects are observed at the farm level. We use both primal (production function) as well as dual (profit function) methods, with ozone as a fixed input, to explore the extent to which output and profits are affected by ozone in the UK. A panel dataset on UK farms is intersected with spatial data on ozone, and panel data production and profit function estimation methods are used. The production function does predict a statistically significant negative effect of ozone on wheat yields at...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Ozone; Wheat; Crop production; Production function; Profit function; Crop Production/Industries; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q4; P2.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24659
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Source-Receptor Relationships for Ozone and Fine Particulates in the Eastern United States AgEcon
Shih, Jhih-Shyang; Krupnick, Alan J.; Bergin, Michelle S.; Russell, Armistead G..
A key question in developing effective mitigation strategies for ozone and particulate matter is identifying which source regions contribute to concentrations in receptor regions. Using a direct approach with a regional, multiscale three-dimensional model, we derive multiple source-receptor matrices (S-Rs) to show inter- and intrastate impacts of emissions on both ozone and PM2.5 over the eastern United States. Our results show that local (in-state) emissions generally account for about 23% of both local ozone concentrations and PM2.5 concentrations, while neighboring states contribute much of the rest. The relative impact of each state on others varies dramatically between episodes. In reducing fine particulate concentrations, we find that reducing SO2...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Source-receptor; Ozone; Particulate matter; Sensitivity analysis; Air quality simulation; National Ambient Air Quality Standards; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q2; Q25.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10572
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Effect of the ozonization process on the quality of peanuts and crude oil AGRIAMBI
Alencar,Ernandes R. de; Faroni,Lêda R. D; Soares,Nilda F. F; Carvalho,Marta C. S; Pereira,Katiane F.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of ozone on the quality of peanut grains and crude oil extracted from these grains. Peanut samples of 1 kg were used, with a moisture content of 8.0% w.b. and stored in 3 L glass recipients. The ozonization process utilized ozone gas concentrations of 13 and 21 mg L-1, temperature of 25 °C, exposure periods of 0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h, and a flow rate of 1.0 L min-1. Evaluation of peanut quality consisted of analysis for moisture content, electrical conductivity, lipid concentration and peanut color. The qualitative parameters of the crude oil evaluated were free fatty acids, peroxide index and iodine index. In general there was no alteration in peanut quality due to ozone, except for the coloration of the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Ozone; Qualitative changes; Coloration.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-43662011000200009
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Ozonated water in the post-harvest treatment of coffee fruits AGRIAMBI
Brandão,Fernando J. B.; Biaggioni,Marco A. M.; Sperotto,Felipe C. S.; Fujita,Erika; Santos,Paula L.; Silva,Magnun A. P. da.
ABSTRACT Ozone is used in many countries for the treatment of effluents, becoming a viable alternative in sanitation of coffee wastewater. However, the strong ozone oxidation, responsible for its germicidal effect, can also compromise grain and beverage quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of Arabica coffee in different periods of treatment with ozonated water and its effect after drying. Coffee fruits were subjected to ozonation at regular intervals of 0, 5, 10, 20, and 30 min, with continuous stirring promoted by a recirculating water system at constant rate of 1 ppm of solubilized ozone. The design was completely randomized with five treatments and four replicates. After obtaining the data, the analysis of variance was...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Coffea arabica; Fungi; Ozone; Beverage quality.
Ano: 2016 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-43662016000900862
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Sensitivity of winter phytoplankton communities from Andean lakes to artificial ultraviolet-B radiation RChHN
HELBLING,E. WALTER; VILLAFAÑE,VIRGINIA E.; BARBIERI,ELENA S..
During July of 1999 sampling was carried out in five Andean lakes to determine the sensitivity of winter phytoplankton communities to ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B, 280-320 nm). The studied lakes, Moreno, El Trébol, Nahuel Huapi, Gutiérrez, and Morenito, located in the Patagonia region (41° S, 71° W, 800 m of altitude), had attenuation coefficients for UV-B that ranged from 0.36 m-1 (Lake Moreno) to 2.8 m-1 (Lake Morenito). The samples were inoculated with labeled carbon (NaH14CO3) and incubated in an illuminated chamber (UV-B = 0.35 W m-2, UV-A [320-400 nm] = 1.1 W m-2, and PAR [400-700 nm] = 10.8 W m-2) at 10 °C. The phytoplankton cells were exposed to UV radiation (280-400 nm) + PAR (quartz tubes), and to UV-A + PAR (quartz tubes covered with Mylar-D)....
Tipo: Journal article Palavras-chave: Ultraviolet-B radiation; Photosynthesis; Phytoplankton; Ozone; Andean lakes.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-078X2001000200005
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Comparison of White-rot Fungi and Ozone for Decolorization of Wastewater from Pulp and Paper Industry Thai Agricultural
Vaithanomsat, P.; Apiwattanapiwat, W.; Siriacha, P..
Palavras-chave: Comparison; Ozone; Decolorization; Wastewater; Pulp; Paper; Industry.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://anchan.lib.ku.ac.th/agnet/handle/001/5018
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Effects of ozone on lignin-derived compounds in pulp and paper mill effluent Thai Agricultural
Kreetachat, T.; Damrongsri, M.; Vaithanomsat, P..
Palavras-chave: Effects; Ozone; Lignin-derived; Compounds; Pulp; Paper.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://anchan.lib.ku.ac.th/agnet/handle/001/5017
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