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| Registros recuperados: 4.619 | |
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| Agostino, Maria Rosaria; Aiello, Francesco; Cardamone, Paola. |
| There are two sources of bias in the existing gravity equations used to assess the impact of non-reciprocal preferential trade policies (NRPTPs). The main inconsistency comes from the use of aggregate export flows at country level to analyse the effects of trade preferences which, by contrast, apply at product level. The second source of bias is that the literature does not deal with the main econometric issues which are likely to be present when a gravity equation is estimated. This paper discusses the first problem using evidence based on three levels of data aggregation (total exports, total agricultural exports and 2-digit). Furthermore, the estimation methods take into account the unobservable country heterogeneity as well as the endogeneity of trade... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7294 |
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| Abbott, Philip C.; Johnston, Brian G.; Blandford, David; Kilkenny, Maureen; Bochniarz, Henryka; Magiera, Stephen L.; Dixit, Praveen M.; McGregor, Robert M.; Frohberg, Klaus; Robinson, Sherman; Hickenbotham, Terry L.; Roningen, Vernon O.; House, Robert M.. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 1988 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49873 |
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| Eaton, Derek J.F.; Kalaugher, Electra; Bijman, Jos. |
| Policy issues related to plant genetic resources are socially, technically and scientifically complex. This report summarises the international agreements and relevant bodies con-cerning plant genetic resources for food and agriculture, including the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), FAO Global Plan of Action on Plant Genetic Resources (GPA), the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (IT-PGRFA), the Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS), the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), and the International Con-vention for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV). The various obligations arising from these conventions and treaties are reviewed. In so doing, this... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/29132 |
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| Beghin, John C.; Diop, Ndiame; Matthey, Holger; Sewadeh, Mirvat. |
| We use a new partial-equilibrium, multi-market international model to analyze trade and agricultural policies affecting markets for peanut/groundnut products. The model covers four goods in thirteen countries/regions, including a large set of developing countries. Welfare is evaluated by looking at consumers' equivalent variation, quasi-profits in farming, quasi-profits in crushing, and taxpayers' revenues and outlays implied by distortions. We calibrate the model on recent historical data and current policy information. We analyze several groundnut trade liberalization scenarios in deviation from the recent historical baseline. Trade liberalization in groundnut markets has a strong South-South dimension, opposing India and, to a lesser extent, China to... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Distortion; Doha; Groundnuts; Negotiations; Oil; Peanut; Protection; Trade liberalization; Crop Production/Industries; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18329 |
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| Mussell, Al; Martin, Larry J.. |
| The dairy industry in Canada was turned on its ear by the release of the WTO decision last fall that Canada's Special Milk Classes constitute an export subsidy. Dairy processors fear the loss of established export markets. At the same time, the decision threatens the role of supply management authorities as the sole marketers of farmers' milk. Will farmers market milk for export directly to processors? What consequences could renewed marketing board involvement in exports have in the international trade arena? The industry is preparing for conflict as it reorients itself in the international market. That conflict is embedded in proposals made by some of the milk marketing agencies and by some processor members of the National Dairy Council(NDCC). Because... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2000 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18136 |
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| Choi, E. Kwan; Lapan, Harvey E.. |
| This paper investigates optimal trade policies for a developing small open economy which faces international price uncertainty. Trade taxes are used to finance provision of a public good, which enters the utility function of consumers. If demands for private goods are independent of the public good, the optimal composite tariff dominates the optimal quota. If the optimal state-contingent tariff increases with the foreign price, the optimal specific tariff also dominates the optimal quota, regardless of risk aversion. However, the ranking of the optimal specific tariff and the optimal quota generally depends on risk attitudes as well as ordinal preferences. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 1990 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51263 |
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| Liu, Donald J.; Chung, Pin J.; Meyers, William H.. |
| This paper examines the impact of domestic and foreign macroeconomic variables on U.S. meat exports, including beef, pork, turkey, and chicken, in the context of an open economy. The results show that foreign macroeconomic variables exert more significant and persistent effects on U.S. meat exports than domestic macroeconomic variables. The implication is that the U.S. can increase its meat exports more effectively by expending efforts on international macroeconomic policy coordination rather than on domestic sectoral policy. The results also suggest that macroeconomic models of the agricultural sector should include foreign variables and should not be limited only to domestic ones. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 1993 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31542 |
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| Jungcurt, Stefan. |
| Functional overlap in the jurisdiction and competencies of international agreements can lead to incomplete and contradicting regulation, which erodes benefits form international cooperation. The framework developed in this paper seeks to further the theoretical analysis of the domestic and international determinants for the origin and the persistence of such incoherence. Using international regulation on the conservation of plant genetic resources as an illustrative example I address two theoretical challenges the problem of cross-level inference in theories of international cooperation and the differentiation of processes of substantial bargaining from those of negotiated institutional change. Substantial bargains can be formally analyzed as two-level... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18841 |
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| Wilson, Norbert L.W.. |
| The current paper uses a series of metrics of customs and administrative procedures produced by the World Bank to estimate gravity models. The metrics include estimates of the number of days at the border, the number signatures and the number of documents necessary for a product to cross the border of the importer and the exporter. Simulations using the estimated elasticities show that to improve trade reductions would need to be made in the different metrics. For the greatest benefits all trading partners would have to make the improvements. Additionally, some products are more sensitive to the metrics than others. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9958 |
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| van Schoor, Melt. |
| Following deregulation in the 1990's the South African maize producing industry has been suffering a gradual decline. Current low prices suggest that this trend may continue or worsen. This paper discusses the results from a static general equilibrium model for the South African economy to evaluate the effects on the economy. The analysis covers summer cereals producing agricultural regions, production in other sectors in the economy, commodity markets and the economy at large. Additionally, the effects on factors, households and the government are analysed. The first set of experiments is aimed to evaluate the effects of an increase in import tariffs on summer cereals. The results indicate that under normal conditions South Africa will experience little... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15632 |
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| Registros recuperados: 4.619 | |
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