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Registros recuperados: 479
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Welfare Impacts of the Mexico Potato Quarantine AgEcon
Richards, Timothy J.; Molina, Ignacio; Hussein, Osman.
Under the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) tariffs on U.S. potato imports to Mexico were phased out by 1993. Citing phytosanitary issues, in 1996, the Mexican government placed quantitative restrictions on U.S. potato imports and restricted their import only to designated border areas. This article estimates the welfare cost of restricting U.S. potato imports into Mexico. We find that removing trade restrictions may lead to over 1.8 million tons of new imports into Mexico, a gain of consumer surplus of 4.0 billion pesos per year, and a loss of 2.9 billion pesos of producer surplus.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: International trade; Non-tariff barriers; Potatoes; Quarantine; Sanitary and phytosanitary barriers; Welfare loss; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy; F13; L13; Q13; Q17; C35.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56661
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EU Trade Policies: Benchmarking Protection in a General Equilibrium Framework AgEcon
Antimiani, Alessandro; Salvatici, Luca.
This paper deals with the EU's trade policy with two objectives: on the one hand, we study the performance of EU's preferential agreements in granting their partners improved market access; on the other hand, we assess the extent to which domestic sectors are effectively protected. As far as the first objective is concerned, we construct bilateral indicators of protection based on the applied tariffs faced by each exporter. In order to do this, an index of trade policy restrictiveness is computed, using the Mercantilistic Trade Restrictiveness Index as the tariff aggregator. We also analyze the protection granted to each sector by the existing tariff structure. In this report, we compute effective rates of protection that overcome the well-known...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Protection; Commercial policy; GTAP model; International trade; International Relations/Trade; F13; Q17; F17.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18856
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Production Incentives from Static Decoupling: Entry, Exit and Use Exclusion Restrictions AgEcon
Just, David R.; Kropp, Jaclyn D..
The use of agricultural decoupled support has increased as World Trade Organization (WTO) member nations implement less trade distortive policies. However, the true production effects of these policies are still unclear. We show how the exclusion restrictions of U.S. direct payments, namely, the fruit and vegetable restriction and the requirement of keeping land in good agricultural use, cause the decoupled payment to become fully coupled over time as relative profits adjust. Theoretically, decoupled payments can be more trade distorting than an equivalent (same level of taxpayer expenditure) fully coupled subsidy.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Decoupled payments; Infra-marginal support; Cross-subsidization; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; Land Economics/Use; Q15; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49158
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Wealth, Debt, Government Payments, and Yield Performance AgEcon
Girante, Maria Joana; Goodwin, Barry K.; Featherstone, Allen M..
We use a large sample of Kansas Farm Management Association farms for eight different crop/practice combinations (dryland and irrigated corn, sorghum, soybeans, and wheat) for 1994 through 2006 to evaluate the determinants of relative yield performance and explore the ability of financial variables to account for some of the remaining unexplained variation. Our hypothesis is that more financially sound farms should be able to implement better production techniques, thus have better yields. We further test whether decoupled payments can be used to enhance yield performance. Our hypothesis is that payments may be used to boost investment in inputs or equipment that can lead to better yields. Our results suggest this could be the case.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Yield performance; Decoupled payments; Credit constraints; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; International Relations/Trade; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49353
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Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Nicaragua AgEcon
Berthelon, Matias; Kruger, Diana; Saavedra, Diana.
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Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Distorted incentives; Agricultural and trade policy reforms; National agricultural development; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48433
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WTO Doha Round: Impact of an Agreement on Agriculture and the Importance of Sensitive Products AgEcon
Binfield, Julian C.R.; Donnellan, Trevor; Hanrahan, Kevin F.; Westhoff, Patrick C..
The Doha round of WTO negotiations has been ongoing since 2001. In the summer of 2008 the negotiations on the modalities for a new WTO agriculture agreement collapsed when seemingly on the verge of a successful conclusion. In this paper we present quantitative analysis of the impact of a new WTO agreement undertaken using a partial equilibrium model of Irish and EU agriculture. Results are presented on the agreement’s impact on Irish and EU-27 agriculture markets and on Irish agricultural sector incomes. Our analysis highlights the importance of the Baseline counter-factual, and will illustrate that protection afforded by the conferral of sensitive product status differs from commodity to commodity. The paper will draw conclusions concerning the economic...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: WTO; Agriculture; Policy analysis; Partial equilibrium modelling; Baseline; Scenario analysis; Tariffs; Tariff rate quota; Sensitive products; International Relations/Trade; Q11; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50936
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The Global Competitiveness of the North American Livestock Industry AgEcon
Adcock, Flynn J.; Hudson, Darren; Rosson, C. Parr, III; Harris, Harold M., Jr.; Herndon, Cary W., Jr..
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Livestock Production/Industries; F14; Q17.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94385
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An Assessment of Dynamic Behavior in the U.S. Catfish Market: An Application of the Generalized Dynamic Rotterdam Model AgEcon
Muhammad, Andrew; Jones, Keithly G..
The generalized dynamic Rotterdam model was used in estimating U.S. demand for disaggregated catfish. The overall goal was to examine habit persistence in consumption and to determine the adjustment process in demand. Results indicated that it took up to 1 month for catfish-product demand to fully adjust to changes in expenditures and prices. Additionally, habit persistence played a role in demand where present consumption of a given product was positively affected by past consumption of that product. Consequently, U.S. catfish demand was significantly more elastic in the long-run.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Catfish; Demand; Dynamics; Partial adjustment; Rotterdam model; Agribusiness; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; C51; Q11; Q13; Q17.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56660
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2011 Updated Arkansas Global Rice Model AgEcon
Wailes, Eric J.; Chavez, Eddie C..
The Arkansas Global Rice Model is based on a multi-country statistical simulation and econometric framework. The model is disaggregated by five world regions: Africa, the Americas, Asia, Europe, and Oceania. Each region includes country models which have a supply sector, a demand sector, a trade, stocks and price linkage equations. All equations used in this model are estimated using econometric procedures or identities. Estimates are based upon a set of explanatory variables including exogenous macroeconomic factors such as income, population, inflation rate, technology development, and especially, government determined policy variables which reflect the various mechanisms by which countries intervene in their rice sector economy. Individual country...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Rice; Trade model; Policy; Agricultural and Food Policy; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; CO2; C61; F11; F14; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/102650
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Measuring the Intensity of Competition in the Japanese Beef Market AgEcon
Reed, Michael R.; Saghaian, Sayed H..
A residual demand model for beef exports to Japan is specified and estimated. The objective is to estimate the extent of market power. It is assumed that each exporting country faces a downward-sloping residual demand curve, which reflects the market demand minus the supplies of competitors, and that exporters maximize profit through their output decisions. The analysis is disaggregated by beef cut and form to capture the variation by beef market segments. The results indicate that the highest markup of price over marginal cost belongs to U.S. frozen ribs, the only indication of market power by U.S. exporters. Canada is found to have limited market power, whereas Australia and New Zealand enjoy some market power, including five chilled beef categories.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Beef; Japan; Market power; Market share; Residual demand; F12; L13; Q17.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42942
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Impacts of China's Food Consumption on U.S. Soybean Exports AgEcon
Chen, Wei; Marchant, Mary A.; Song, Baohui.
A model examines how the international and China’s market prices impact China’s soybean imports from the U.S. and South America. Based on soybean crushing ratios and a market clearing presumption, an equation of China’s soybean oil import prices is designed to achieve the goal.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: China's Soybean Imports; U.S. Soybean Exports; South American Soybean Exports; Price Elasticities; Soybean Crushing Ratios; Marke Clear; GMM; Agribusiness; International Relations/Trade; Q17.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46820
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Climate change and food security to 2030: a global economy-wide perspective AgEcon
Valenzuela, Ernesto; Anderson, Kym.
The effects of climate change on agriculture raise major food security concerns. We use a global economy-wide model to assess the effects on farm product prices of expected yield changes. Also modelled is an expected adverse effect of higher temperatures and humidity in the tropics on the productivity of unskilled workers in developing countries. Given the degrees of uncertainty about plausible effects of climate change, our modelling accounts for a range of yield productivity and labor shocks. The results entail consequences for international agricultural prices, national food consumption, self sufficiency, net farm income and economic welfare.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Climate change; Crop and labor productivity growth; Global economy-wide model projections; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; D58; F17; Q17; Q24; Q54.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117616
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Non-Tariff Measures in Agri-Food Trade: What Does the Data Tell Us? Evidence from a Cluster Analysis on OECD Imports AgEcon
Disdier, Anne-Celia; van Tongeren, Frank W..
Non-tariff measures (NTMs) are playing an increasing role in international trade of agri-food trade. Although well-recognized, this aspect has not been extensively analysed at a disaggregated product level. This paper presents a quantitative analysis of the trade incidence of NTMs notified by OECD countries on 777 products and clusters these products according to three trade indicators. While the ‘protection for sale’ literature provides useful explanations, it is not completely satisfying in resolving the puzzle of cross-product differences in the occurrence of NTMs.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Non-tariffs measures; Cluster analysis; Political economy of protection; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy; C83; P16; Q17.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51759
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Comparative Advantages, Transaction Costs and Factor Content of Agricultural Trade: Empirical Evidence from CEE AgEcon
Kancs, d'Artis; Ciaian, Pavel; Pokrivcak, Jan.
The present study examines factor content of the CEE transition country agricultural trade. We examine the relative country abundance for labour, capital and land, and test the Heckscher-Ohlin-Vanek (HOV) hypothesis. Our empirical findings suggest that the factor content of agricultural exports and imports is rather similar in CEE and most of the agricultural trade flows do not satisfy the HOV prediction. In order to explain the general lack of agricultural specialisation and the observed paradox in the CEE's agricultural trade, we examine the role of transaction costs and market imperfections. We find that transaction costs and market imperfections distort farm specialisation and hence factor content of agricultural trade.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Factor Content; Agricultural Trade; Comparative Advantages; Transaction Cost; Agricultural and Food Policy; F12; F14; D23; Q12; Q17.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/115421
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Caratteristiche e mutamenti del commercio agro-alimentare: un confronto fra Italia ed India AgEcon
Privitera, Donatella; Rognetta, Bernardo.
This paper examines the product specialisation of Italian trade over the period 2000-2006 to identify the roots of Italy’s sluggish trade performance with respect to India. In particular, the analysis focuses on the role of product specialisation in relation to world trade growth and competition from emerging countries. We used trade indicators to describe and asses the state of trade flows and trade patterns of a particular country like India and also to monitor these flows over time and across countries. Till the early 1990s, India was a closed economy: average tariffs exceeded 200 percent, quantitative restrictions on imports were extensive, and there were stringent restrictions on foreign investment. The country began to cautiously reform in the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Emerging Countries; Trade Indicators; Competitive Pressures; Q17.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48177
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Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Madagascar AgEcon
Maret, Fenohasina.
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Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Distorted incentives; Agricultural and trade policy reforms; National agricultural development; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48551
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Modelling Euro-Mediterranean Agricultural Trade AgEcon
Garcia Alvarez-Coque, Jose-Maria; Martinez-Gomez, Victor; Villanueva, Miquel.
This paper examines the methodological problems to define a modelling approach to assess the impact of full or limited bilateral liberalisation of agricultural trade flows in the Euro-Mediterranean region. The bilateral trade liberalisation process in the region is framed by complexity, in policy instruments and in the characteristics of the products, in particular fruits and vegetables. Advantages and disadvantages of the general equilibrium and partial equilibrium approaches to simulate trade policy impacts are assessed. Caveats of existing models are related to the representation of specific policy instruments (tariffs, entry prices and other non-tariff measures) and on the seasonal nature of horticultural trade, which is of major importance in the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Agriculture in International Trade; Trade Forecasting and Simulation; Commercial Policy; Protection; Promotion; Trade Negotiations; International Organizations; International Relations/Trade; Q17; F17; F13.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18875
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Exchange Rates, Foreign Income and U.S. Agriculture AgEcon
Roe, Terry L.; Shane, Mathew; Somwaru, Agapi.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Exchange rates; U.S. agricultural trade; U.S. agricultural commodity exports; U.S. agricultural export prices; Foreign income; International Relations/Trade; F10; F14; Q17.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12975
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Distortions To Agricultural Incentives in Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan AgEcon
Pomfret, Richard.
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Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Distorted incentives; Agricultural and trade policy reforms; National agricultural development; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48379
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Analisi dell'impatto degli accordi euromediterranei sulla competitività dell'ortofrutta italiana: alcuni risultati AgEcon
Castellini, Alessandra; Pisano, Cinzia.
Since 1995, the Barcelona Process aims to establish a free trade area between Mediterranean countries by 2010. The most commercialized products from Mediterranean countries are fruit and vegetables. The agreement defines, only for some products, preferences at the entrance of the EU market, limited concession for each partner for single products, limited quantities and calendars. This work tries to analyse the impact of the liberalization on the Italian products applying a gravity model in order to asses the Italian import flows from eight Mediterranean countries which signed the Barcelona agreement. The econometric estimation includes fruit and vegetables at the aggregate level and some specified products that enter in competition with typical Italian...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: EU-med Agreements; Italian Market; Competitiveness; Fruits and Vegetables; Gravity Models; Q17.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48196
Registros recuperados: 479
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