SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Valenzuela, Ernesto; Wong, Sara; Sandri, Damiano.

Evaluating Poverty Impacts of Globalization and Trade Policy Changes on Agricultural Producers

Palavras-chave: Distorted incentives; Agricultural and trade policy reforms; National agricultural development; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; Q17; Q18.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48394

Valenzuela, Ernesto; Hertel, Thomas W.; Ivanic, Maros; Nin Pratt, Alejandro.

The poverty effects and in particular the impact of trade liberalization on smallholder livestock producers in African and South East Asian developing countries (Malawi, Zambia, Uganda, Mozambique, Vietnam, Bangladesh, Indonesia, and Philippines) is addressed by disaggregating income sources within agriculture into earnings from crop and livestock production. Given that livestock production in our developing country sample is a marginal activity with very little concentration households are stratified according to a small dependence on livestock earnings, and thus separating them from crops specialized earnings households, households who are wage labor specialized, transfer dependent households, and diversified households. We combine a macro-economic...

ECONOMIC AND TRADE INDICATORS FOR ASIA, 1960 TO 2004

Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20242

Sandri, Damiano; Valenzuela, Ernesto; Anderson, Kym.

Agriculture Productivity Growth: Is the Current Trend on the Track to Poverty Reduction?

Palavras-chave: Distorted incentives; Agricultural and trade policy reforms; National agricultural development; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; Q17; Q18.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48435

Valenzuela, Ernesto; Ivanic, Maros; Ludena, Carlos E.; Hertel, Thomas W..

In this study we evaluate the effect of annual productivity growth in agriculture over the 1991-2001 period on poverty in eleven developing countries. We compare this with the optimal pattern of productivity growth of comparable cost with the sole goal of maximizing poverty reduction. This comparison reveals that regional agricultural development is a viable option in the fight for poverty reduction.

Agricultural Distortion Patterns Since the 1950s: What Needs Explaining?

Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19152

Anderson, Kym; Croser, Johanna L.; Sandri, Damiano; Valenzuela, Ernesto.

This paper summarizes a new database that sheds light on the impact of trade-related policy developments over the past half century on distortions to agricultural incentives and thus also to consumer prices for food in 75 countries spanning the per capita income spectrum. Price-support policies of advanced economies hurt not only domestic consumers and exporters of other products but also foreign producers and traders of farm products, and they reduce national and global economic welfare. On the other hand, the governments of many developing countries have directly taxed their farmers over the past half-century, both directly (e.g., export taxes) and also indirectly via overvaluing their currency and restricting imports of manufactures. Thus the price...

ECONOMIC AND TRADE INDICATORS FOR AFRICA, 1960 TO 2004

Palavras-chave: Distorted incentives; Agricultural and trade policy reforms; National agricultural development; Political economy; Agricultural price and trade policies; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; Q17; Q18; F59; H20; N50; O13.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50305

Sandri, Damiano; Valenzuela, Ernesto; Anderson, Kym.

Climate change and food security to 2030: a global economy-wide perspective

Palavras-chave: Distorted incentives; Agricultural and trade policy reforms; National agricultural development; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; Q17; Q18.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48467

Valenzuela, Ernesto; Anderson, Kym.

The effects of climate change on agriculture raise major food security concerns. We use a global economy-wide model to assess the effects on farm product prices of expected yield changes. Also modelled is an expected adverse effect of higher temperatures and humidity in the tropics on the productivity of unskilled workers in developing countries. Given the degrees of uncertainty about plausible effects of climate change, our modelling accounts for a range of yield productivity and labor shocks. The results entail consequences for international agricultural prices, national food consumption, self sufficiency, net farm income and economic welfare.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Climate change; Crop and labor productivity growth; Global economy-wide model projections; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; D58; F17; Q17; Q24; Q54.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117616

The Relative Importance of Global Agricultural Subsidies and Market Access

Anderson, Kym; Martin, William J.; Valenzuela, Ernesto.

The claim by global trade modelers that the potential contribution to global economic welfare of removing agricultural subsidies is less than one-tenth of that from removing agricultural tariffs puzzles many observers. To help explain that result, this paper first compares the OECD and model-based estimates of the extent of the producer distortions (leaving aside consumer distortions), and shows that 75 percent of total support is provided by market access barriers when account is taken of all forms of support to farmers and to agricultural processors globally, and only 19 percent to domestic farm subsidies. We then provide a back-of-the-envelope (BOTE) calculation of the welfare cost of those distortions. Assuming unitary supply and demand elasticities,...

Poverty Vulnerability and Trade Policy: Are the Likely Impacts Discernable?

Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21180

Valenzuela, Ernesto; Hertel, Thomas W..

Trade policy reform prospects have generated debate about the impacts on poverty. Some critics assert that price changes induced by trade reform are minimal and may not be distinguishable from price fluctuations induced by other shocks to the global economy. This paper addresses this issue by developing an approach to assess whether poverty changes induced by trade reform can be statistically discernable, based on a comparison in the grains sector. Fluctuations in grains markets are implemented by incorporating stochastic simulations into a CGE model of the global economy. The resulting price distributions are inputted to a micro-simulation based on national household surveys. The conclusions are based on the comparison of the resulting poverty...