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Registros recuperados: 89
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Les différents systèmes de collecteurs de naissain ArchiMer
Boury, Maurice.
Le naissain est récolté sur des matériaux très variés : pierres, coquilles, bois, tuiles non chaulées, tuiles chaulées. De plus, le même matériel peut être disposé de façons différentes. Exemple : coquilles étalées sur le fond et coquilles assemblées en chapelets et suspendues dans l'eau.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Huître; Reproduction; Naissain; Collecteur; Recrutement.
Ano: 1929 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00005/11586/8212.pdf
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Aide à l'estimation des stocks d'huîtres en élevage par télédétection basse altitude: étude de faisabilité ArchiMer
De Pontual, Helene.
Existing methods to assess the biomass of reared oyster's stocks are ail based on aerial photographs and field data. In this study, we propose an automatic processing of the digitized aerial photographs making use of advanced vision tools such as mathematical morphology. The implemented a1gorithms are described. They give enough convincing results to suggest further developments. However, this method requires the use of digital images. To this respect, a part of this paper deals with data acquisition problems. We particularly study the feasibility of using airborne video recording system. Such device should give a quite accurate information, easier to process than the classical aerial photographs.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Huître; Estimation des stocks; Photographie aérienne; Vidéo aéroportée; Analyse d'images numériques; Oysters; Stock assessment; Aerial pholographs; Airborne videography; Digital image processing.
Ano: 1989 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00105/21669/19247.pdf
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Elevages de bivalves à partir de naissain d'écloseries dans les claires du bassin de Marennes-Oléron ArchiMer
Gras, Paul; Gras, Marie-paule.
Des élevages expérimentaux d'huîtres plates Ostrea edulis et de palourdes Ruditapes decussatus et Ruditapes philippinarum ont été réalisés dans les claires à huîtres du bassin de Marennes-Oléron à partir de naissain provenant d'écloserie. Les croissances pondérale et linéraire et le pourcentage de mortalité ont été étudiés. Les premiers résultats obtenus sont encourageants, et, plusieurs ostréiculteurs ont commencé, cette année, avec notre assistance, la culture des palourdes dans leurs claires à huîtres.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Ostréiculture; Huître; Palourde; Ostrea edulis; Ruditapes decussatus; Ruditapes philippinarum; Claire ostréicole; Marennes Oléron; Charente Maritime.
Ano: 1979 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00009/12010/8702.pdf
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Une virose de l'huître portugaise (Crassostea angulata LMK) ArchiMer
Comps, Michel; Bonami, Jean-robert; Vago, Constantin; Campillo, Albert.
A viral infection has been observed in the Portuguese oyster Crassostrea angulata during the massive mortalities of 1970-1973. A new type of virus and the viral morphogenesis are described. It is the first virus observed in oysters and linked to an epizooty in this mollusc of great economic importance.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Infection virale; Crassostrea angulata; Huître; Virologie.
Ano: 1991 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1991/publication-6084.PDF
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Le contrôle sanitaire des huîtres, moules et coquillages ArchiMer
Lambert, Louis.
L'eau de mer, l'eau du large, n'est pas stérile, bactériologiquement pure, mais il est reconnu qu'elle ne contient pas de microbes pathogènes à l'homme, en particulier le redoutable bacille d'Eberth ni ses cousins paratyphiques. Il n'en est malheureusement pas de même près des côtes où elle est trop souvent souillée par les écoulements des agglomérations. Cette souillure atteint parfois des gisements naturels sur lesquels vont pêcher innocemment les baigneurs ou moins innocemment certains pêcheurs.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Ostréiculture; Huître; Contrôle sanitaire; Moules; Coquillages.
Ano: 1949 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00004/11492/8057.pdf
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L'acétylcholinestérase, marqueur de neurotoxicité. Application à la surveillance des effets biologiques des polluants chez les organismes marins ArchiMer
Bocquene, Gilles.
Les cholinestérases et particulièrement l'acétylcholinestérase (AChE) constituent la cible privilégiée de nombreuses molécules neurotoxiques notamment des insecticides organophosphorés (OP) et carbamates. La sensibilité des cholinestérases à ces inhibiteurs est aussi complexe que le polymorphisme de ces enzymes. L'utilisation des niveaux d'activité des cholinestérases comme marqueur d'exposition aux neurotoxiques dans le milieu marin implique donc une connaissance approfondie du polymorphisme de i'enzyme, de Ja sensibilité des formes AChE identifiées et des contaminants neurotoxiques susceptibles de provoquer des variations dans l'activité de cette enzyme chez les organismes marins. Aprés une synthèse des connaissances sur le polymorphisme des...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Biomarqueur; Cholinestérases; Pollution marine; Huître; Organophosphorés; Carbamates.
Ano: 1996 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00443/55435/56950.pdf
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Etude de la dynamique du parasite Marteilia refringens chez son hôte Ostrea edulis ArchiMer
Barnaud, Antoine.
Après une synthèse des principaux agents pathogènes en conchyliculture, l'auteur présente le protozoaire Marteilia refringens, parasite majeur de l'huître plate Ostrea edulis en Europe, dont le cycle reste inconnu. Suit une étude expérimentale de la dynamique du parasite dans l'huître, intégrée à un modèle d'étude de la marteiliose en claire ostrécole, montrant l'existence d'une fenêtre temporelle d'infection et aboutissant à une nouvelle hypothèse de cycle parasitaire. Ces résultats sont enfin mis en relation avec la détection récente de Marteilia refringens dans le copépode Acartia grani, hôte intermédiaire potentiel.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Marteilia refringens; Ostrea edulis; Huître; Conchyliculture; Pathologie; Paramyxea.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00109/22038/19683.pdf
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Evidence of differential chromosome loss in aneuploid karyotypes of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas ArchiMer
Leitao, Alexandra; Boudry, Pierre; Thiriot Quievreux, Catherine.
The G-banding technique was performed on aneuploid karyotypes from gill tissue of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, to assess whether chromosome losses could be explained by differential chromosomal susceptibility and to clarify the negative correlation between aneuploidy and growth rate previously reported in different populations of this oyster. The study of 95 G-banded aneuploid karyotypes showed that only 4 of the 10 chromosome pairs (viz. 1, 5, 9, and 10) of C. gigas were affected by the loss of one homologous chromosome. Pairs 1, 9, and 10, which were lost in 56, 33, and 44% of cases, respectively, may be considered to be differentially affected. Hypotheses on this differential chromosomal susceptibility are discussed.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Oyster; Karyotype; G banding; Growth; Aneuploidy; Huître; Caryotype; Bandes G; Croissance; Aneuploïdie.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2001/publication-742.pdf
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Relation entre la capacité trophique de l'écosystème "claire ostréicole" et la production de l'huître Crassostrea gigas en période d'affinage ArchiMer
Soletchnik, Patrick; Razet, Daniel; Goulletquer, Philippe; Geairon, Philippe; Le Moine, Olivier; Faury, Nicole.
This study presents an environmental survey o foyster ponds in Marennes Oléron Bay (France). Physical and biological parameters were recorded in continuous to study this mesocosm (450 m2 surface). The trophic capacity of the water column was assessed and used as an imput signal in the biological model of Crassostrea gigas. Oyster production in earthen-ponds was compared to the biological model results. Simulation was carried out experimental results to investigate temperature and food effect on energetic budget of Crassostrea gigas during summer and winter
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Mesocosm study; Crassostrea gigas; Pond; Oyster rearing; Modèle biologique; Ressource trophique; Affinage; Claires ostréicoles; Crassostrea gigas; Huître.
Ano: 1997 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1997/acte-3236.pdf
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Etude d'un élevage intégré bars-huîtres ArchiMer
Buchet, Vincent; Bluteau, A.
Whatever the hydraulic gestion, an épuration of the fishes sewages is possible with the integrated system studied. The main action is situed in the intermediary pond with a significant decrease of nutrients, especially ammonia, and particulate mineral matters. The oyster's pond have no significant action on nutrients, but their action is real on chlorophyll which become limiting factor in 20% renewal system. One of the effluent, system 1 (renewal 10%) had high suspended matter and low nutrient concentrations. The other (renewal 20%) was poor in supcnded matters (chlorophyll). The system 2 give best oyster's growth, close to traditional nursery performances, with an highest mortality (32%). In the first system, suspended matter concentrations are too high...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Valorization; Oyster; Pre ongrowing; Seabass; Integrated rearing; Valorisation; Huître; Prégrossissement; Bar; Elevage intégré.
Ano: 1996 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1996/rapport-1917.pdf
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L'ostréiculture dans la région de Marennes - Oléron ArchiMer
Trochon, Pierre.
Cette note a pour but de présenter les divers aspects du plus important centre ostréicole de France. Un court exposé sur la situation, le nombre et la superficie des terrains exploités, sur les gisements naturels, sur les collecteurs utilisés, sur les méthodes de culture de l'huître plate (Ostrea edulis) et de l'huître portugaise (Gryphaea angulata), sur les établissements d'expédition, leur nombre et le tonnage des huîtres acheminées vers la consommation, ainsi que sur les recherches effectuées par le laboratoire de l'Institut Scientifique et Technique des Pêches Maritimes, permettra de prendre contact avec la région et de mesurer les efforts déployés en vue d'utiliser rationnellement toutes les possibilités mises à la disposition de l'ostréiculture,...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Ostréiculture; Huître; Marennes-Oléron; Charente-Maritime; Elevage.
Ano: 1954 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00003/11472/8031.pdf
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Relations trophiques entre huitre et milieu; influence de la concentration et de la taille des particules ArchiMer
Filia, M; Copello, M; Colomines, J.
At 15 degree C, different concentrations of Phaeodactylum tricornutum are given to Crassostrea gigas . Ingestion, filtration, respiration, ammonia excretion have been measured. All ecophysiological response, except dissolved excretion, are dependent of food concentration. Energy balances have been determined and selectivity of particle size observed.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Bivalvia; Phaeodactylum tricornutum; Algae; Diets; Excretion; Respiration; Water filtration; Ingestion; Particle size; Energy balance; Food availability; Ecophysiology; Bilan énergétique; Ecophysiologie; Huître.
Ano: 1983 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1983/acte-1178.pdf
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Importance de l'oxygène dissous dans l'eau des bassins ostréicoles ArchiMer
Ladouce, Rémy; Le Dantec, Jean.
On constate souvent, surtout l'été, une mortalité anormale des huîtres dans les bassins, claires, dégorgeoirs ou dépôts, dont l'eau n'est renouvelée qu'à intervalles assez longs. Les ostréiculteurs ont l'habitude d'incriminer uniquement la chaleur, mais les essais de M. BOURY, en 1927, et de l'un de nous, en 19536, montrent qu'en définitive cette mortalité est provoquée, en grande partie, par le manque d'oxygène.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Ostréiculture; Huître; Oxygène; Bassin ostréicole; Recommandation.
Ano: 1954 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00003/11470/8029.pdf
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Impact de Marteilia refringens et de Bonamia ostreae sur l'ostréiculture bretonne ArchiMer
Grizel, Henri.
Two successive diseases struck the flat oyster Ostrea edulis farms in Brittany. These two epizooties lead to some changes in the farming practices. The oyster culture developed towards the open ocean, in the sublitoral part. New techniques have been developed for the culture and collection. The flat oyster has been partially replaced by the cupped oyster Crassostrea gigas whose production went from 3 000 to 16 000 tonnes. They also had heavy consequences on the regional economy. The important mortalities decimated the stocks. The production dropped by about 17 000 tonnes from 1910 to 1982. For the same period of time, profits from the sale of the produced flat oysters dropped from 131.6 million to 65.2 million francs. Numerous companies reduced the surface...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Bonamia ostreae; Marteilia refringens; Crassostrea gigas; Crassostrea angulata; Ostrea edulis; Huître; Pathologie.
Ano: 1983 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1983/acte-5924.PDF
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Croissance des huîtres creuses, Crassostrea gigas, en baie du mont Saint-Michel, avant la restructuration de 2004 ArchiMer
Bouget, Jean-francois; Mazurie, Joseph.
This study presents the main results of oyster growth obtained experimentally in 2002 and 2003, in the farming area of Cancale before the leases reorganization of 2004. According to the REMORA monitoring network from 1990 to 2004, the oyster growth in Cancale bay may be characterized by an average annual weight gain (around 30g per year), a rather weak meat content compared to other regional oyster sites, and an exceptional quality of shell (absence of blisters, few Poly do rd). Spatially, the oyster farming area of Cancale shows rather homogeneous performances of breeding, in spite of the muddy southern area. In addition an experimental trial in 2003 allowed to evaluate favourably the potential of the new oyster area of Saint-Benoît : in these...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Mont Saint Michel; Crassostrea gigas; Growth; Breeding; Oyster; Mont Saint Michel; Crassostrea gigas; Croissance; Ostréiculture; Huître.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/rapport-1637.pdf
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Maladie de la glande digestive de l'huître plate - Etude histochimique ArchiMer
Morel, Marc; Tige, Gilbert.
The histochemical study conducted here aims to bring to light the different biochemical components of the parasite. We carried out a series of analyses focusing on the main features known to this parasite: basic "primary" cell (stage 1), included "secondary" cells (stage 2), groups of "secondary" cells isolated by a membrane with or without "refracting clusters" (stage 4 and 3). The results of these histochemical tests are described in this work.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Histochimie; Pathologie; Maladie; Ostrea edulis; Huître.
Ano: 1974 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1974/publication-6287.PDF
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Développement de marqueurs moléculaires liés à la résistance à la mortalité estivale chez l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas - Approche QTL ArchiMer
Sauvage, Christopher.
The Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas is the most cultivated marine species in the world (4.2 million tonnes for a turnover of 3.5 billion US dollars according to the FAO 2005). Flat oyster culture is one of the components of the French economic activity. However, for more than 15 years, farms have had to face some summer mortality episodes (30 %-60 %), that could jeopardize European mollusc culture competitivity. More than the economical importance of C. gigas, which justifies a great research effort, oysters constitute a study model of the complex physiological and genetic basis (i.e. growth, reproduction, and survival) strongly correlated to the oyster's response to different environmental conditions. One of the considered solutions is the selection of...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Huître; Microsatellite; SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism); QTL (Quantitative Trait Locus); Phénotype; Génotype; Cartographie; Marqueurs moléculaires; Sélection Génétique; Génétique.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/these-4544.pdf
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Déterminisme du recrutement. Séminaire de Nantes, 2-4 juillet 1984 ArchiMer
Ifremer.
The causality of recruitment is of paramount importance for the progress of the control of marine living resources, but its study remains technically complax.The aim of the Nantes panel was to evaluate the state of advancement of three running programs on exploited species (sole, scallops and oysters), and to set out the basis of a wider national program of interest for both basic and targeted research.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Recrutement; Variabilité; Déterminisme; Sole; Coquille St Jacques; Huître; Recruitment; Variability; Causality; Sole; Scallop; Oyster.
Ano: 1985 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00136/24713/22766.pdf
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Marqueurs microsatellites chez l'huître plate Ostrea edulis l. : caractérisation et applications à un programme de sélection pour une résistance au parasite Bonamia ostreae et à l'etude de populations naturelles ArchiMer
Launey, Sophie.
The flat oyster Ostrea edulis L. is the indigenous oyster of the Atlantic as well as the Mediterranean coasts of Europe. Its commercial exploitation dates back to Antiquity but its breeding is now threatened by two parasitic protozoa, among which Bonamia ostreae. Various aspects of the genetics of this species' natural and farmed populations have been studied with the aid of microsatellite markers. At first, the implementation and the screening of two partial genomic libraries made it possible to identify 28 new microsatellite loci. Analysis of the segregation of 12 of these loci and of two enzymatic loci shows that most microsatellite loci are transmitted in a Mendelian way, but some loci have significant segregation distortions. Moreover, seven linkage...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Microsatellites markers; Parasite; Bonamia ostreae; Oyster; Ostrea edulis; Marqueurs microsatellites; Parasite; Bonamia ostreae; Huître; Ostrea edulis.
Ano: 1998 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1998/these-1919.pdf
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L'éthoxyrésorufine-o-déethylase, les adduits à l'ADN et les mocronuclei dans les organismes marins. Application à la surveillance des effets biologiques sur les côtes françaises ArchiMer
Burgeot, Thierry.
Three biomarkers [ethoxyresorufm-o-deethylase (EROD), DNA adducts and micronuclei (MN) were studied for biomonitoring applications along French coasts. EROD was developed at an experirnental stage in two pilot sites, Seine Bay and Fos sur Mer, using the dab (Limanda limanda), dragon et (Callionymus lyra), red mullet (Mullus barbatus) and comber (Serranus hepatus) as target species. Higbest EROD activity was observed in the subestuarial part of Seine Bay and at the stations closest to sources of pollution from Cortiou and Fos sur Mer. The suitable number of fish for detection of a significant difference between two EROD activities was deterrnined as a function of sampling variance and a preselected statistical power. A preliminary study on hepatocytes in a...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Ethoxyrésorufine-o-déethylase; Adduits à l'ADN; Micronuclei; Poisson; Moule; Huître; Biosurveillance; Ethoryresorufin-o-deethylase; DNA adducts; Micronuclei; Fish; Mussel; Oyster; Biomonitoring.
Ano: 1994 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00443/55462/56984.pdf
Registros recuperados: 89
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