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Utility of basic research in plant/crop physiology in relation to crop improvement: a review and a personal account Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
El-Sharkawy,Mabrouk A..
Agricultural research and development plays an essential role in a nation's economic development, providing for food security for an ever-increasing population. In developed countries, the gap between potential and actual yield is largely closed because of a combination of advanced technologies, high-yielding new varieties and the application of agrochemicals in highly mechanized production systems. In most of these countries, agricultural production exceeds national demand, resulting in excess products for export. In many of the developing countries, however, agricultural productivity is still far below what it should be because of multiple technical and socio-economic constraints. Food deficits are the norm in poor and middle-income countries, requiring...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Breeding; C4-photosynthesis; Drought-tolerance; Ecophysiology; Ecosystems; Hormones; Photoperiod; Productivity; Soil; Water stress.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202006000400001
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Weed interference periods in sesame crop Ciência e Agrotecnologia
Lins,Hamurábi Anizio; Souza,Matheus de Freitas; Albuquerque,José Ricardo Tavares de; Santos,Manoel Galdino dos; Barros Júnior,Aurélio Paes; Silva,Daniel Valadão.
ABSTRACT The sesame crop (Sesamum indicum L.) is sensitive to competition with weeds because of its low competitiveness that is directly linked to its slow initial growth. The control of weeds in the crop is an essential practice to ensure the high productivity of this oilseed. Therefore, to define the critical period of interference prevention is important to ensure efficiency and low control costs. Factors such as cultivar, environmental conditions, and cultivation system may alter the critical weed interference prevention period (CPWC). Therefore, the objective of this work was to determine the critical weed interference prevention period in two sesame cultivars. The critical weed interference prevention period for sesame cultivars, BRS Seda and CNPA...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Competition; Leaf area; Plant height; Productivity; Oilseeds..
Ano: 2019 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-70542019000100220
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Organic production of tomatoes in the amazon region by plants grafted on wild Solanum rootstocks Ciência e Agrotecnologia
Farias,Elaine Aparecida de Paula; Ferreira,Regina Lúcia Félix; Araújo Neto,Sebastião Elviro de; Costa,Fabiana Cruz; Nascimento,Damaris Suelen.
The production of organically grown tomatoes in the Amazonian region of Brazil is difficult due to inherent phytosanitary issues. The objectives of the present investigation were to evaluate the productivity of grafted tomato plants (Solanumlycopersicum cv. Santa Adélia) grown organically in Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil, and to assess scion/rootstock compatibility under organic growth conditions. The Solanum species employed as rootstocks were S. gilo (jiló), S. lycocarpum (jurubebão), S. stramonifolium (jurubeba vermelha) and S. viarum (joá), while the susceptible S.lycopersicum cultivar Santa Adélia was the scion. Ungrafted tomato plants and tomato grafted on tomato rootstock were employed as controls. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Organic farming; Grafting; Productivity.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-70542013000400005
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Potassium fertilization of cauliflower and broccoli in a potassium-rich soil Ciencia e Investigación Agraria
Silva,André L. P; Cecilio Filho,Artur B; Mendoza-Cortez,Juan W; Lima Junior,Joaquim A.
Cauliflower and broccoli are important vegetables but have lacking and divergent information about potassium (K) fertilization in soil with a high K content. Two experiments were carried out from 2-1-2010 to 5-20-2010 in Jaboticabal City, São Paulo, Brazil, aiming to evaluate the effect of different K doses (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg ha'¹ K2O, in potassium chloride) on the yield of cauliflower ‘Verona’ and broccoli ‘BRO 68’ in Rhodic Eutrudox soil with a high K content. The broccoli and cauliflower responded positively but differently to potassium fertilization. The maximum yield of broccoli (12,476 kg ha-1) was obtained with 160 kg ha-1 K2O, while the yield of cauliflower increased linearly with increasing K dose,...
Tipo: Journal article Palavras-chave: Brassica oleracea var; Botrytis; Brassica oleracea var; Italica; Productivity.
Ano: 2016 URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202016000100014
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STATISTICAL ANALYSYS OF THE SCFE OF A BRAZILAN MINERAL COAL Ciênc. Tecnol. Aliment.
DARIVA,Cláudio; OLIVEIRA,José Vladimir; PINTO,José C.; VALE,Maria G.; CARAMÃO,Elina B..
The influence of some process variables on the productivity of the fractions (liquid yield times fraction percent) obtained from SCFE of a Brazilian mineral coal using isopropanol and ethanol as primary solvents is analyzed using statistical techniques. A full factorial 23 experimental design was adopted to investigate the effects of process variables (temperature, pressure and cosolvent concentration) on the extraction products. The extracts were analyzed by the Preparative Liquid Chromatography-8 fractions method (PLC-8), a reliable, non destructive solvent fractionation method, especially developed for coal-derived liquids. Empirical statistical modeling was carried out in order to reproduce the experimental data. Correlations obtained were always...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Statistical analysis; SCFE; Productivity; PLC-8 characterization.
Ano: 1997 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-20611997000400032
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Does planting time affect the nutritional demand and yield of potato cultivars? Ciência Rural
Eschemback,Vlandiney; Kawakami,Jackson; Genú,Aline Marques; Almeida,Fabiola Oliveira de.
ABSTRACT: Determining the level of absorption of nutrients in the potato crop at different stages of development is important because it allows identification of the time when the elements are most required by plants. The objective of this research was to evaluate the level of nutrient absorption in cultivars after different planting times. Field experiment was conducted in Guarapuava-PR. Treatments consisted of three cultivars (Agata, BRS Clara, and BRS F63 Camila) and two planting times (October and February), in randomized blocks, with three replications in the crop season 2015/16. The total macro and micronutrient content (leaves, stems, and tubers) was quantified at 15 and 45 days after plant emergence. The total dry weight of plants was verified at...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Solanum tuberosum; Fertilization; Fertility; Nutrition; Productivity; Variety.
Ano: 2019 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782019000600203
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Agronomical indicators and incidence of insect borers of tomato fruits protected with non-woven fabric bags Ciência Rural
Filgueiras,Rosenya Michely Cintra; Pastori,Patrik Luiz; Pereira,Fabrício Fagundes; Coutinho,Cristiane Ramos; Kassab,Samir Oliveira; Bezerra,Laura Carla Marinho.
ABSTRACT: Fruit bagging is an efficient mechanical control technique used in fruit growing. However, to date, few studies have evaluated the efficacy of bagging in the cultivation of vegetables, including tomato crops. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of bagging of tomato flowers and/or fruits using a non-woven fabric (NWF) for the control of Helicoverpa spp., Neoleucinodes elegantalis, and Tuta absoluta, to evaluate the effect of this technique on the final yield, and determine the optimal period for bagging. Tests were conducted in a commercial crop of staked ‘Valerin’ tomato plants located in the municipality of Ubajara, Ceará State, Brazil. The experimental design was randomized blocks with a 2x4 factorial design (sprayed...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Solanum lycopersicum; Mechanical control; Neoleucinodes elegantalis; Productivity.
Ano: 2017 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782017000600152
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Aflatoxins and fumonisins in feed from a broiler operation system from São Paulo state, Brazil Ciência Rural
Kobashigawa,Estela; Corassin,Carlos Humberto; Franco,Larissa Tuanny; Uliana,Rômulo Dutra; Oliveira,Carlos Augusto Fernandes de.
ABSTRACT: The aim of the present study was to assess the occurrence of aflatoxins (AFs) and fumonisins (FBs) in feed ingredients (corn and soybean meal) and finishing feed in a broiler operation system, as well was to evaluate their effect on the productivity of 20 batches of broilers produced and the histology status of broilers’ liver after slaughter. Corn samples presented the highest frequencies of AFs and FBs, at mean levels of 29.1 and 2,100µg/kg, respectively. Soybean samples presented mean levels of 1.5 and 70µg/kg for AFs and FBs, respectively. Batches of broilers receiving feed containing FB levels higher than 1,000µg/kg had lower weight gain and higher mortality rates, while those fed rations with AFs equal or above the limit of quantification...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Mycotoxins; AFB1; FB1; Broiler chickens; Productivity.
Ano: 2019 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782019000200652
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Productive performance of blackberry cultivars in altitude region Ciência Rural
Oliveira,Jéssica de; Cruz,Maria do Céu Monteiro da; Moreira,Rodrigo Amato; Fagundes,Miriã Cristina Pereira; Sena,Cintia Gonçalves.
ABSTRACT: Information on the production performance of blackberry in less colder regions are fundamentals to the expansion of the cultivated area and extension of management practices for cultivars adapted to climate conditions in Brazil. The research was carried out with the aim to evaluate the productive performance of different blackberries cultivars in altitude region of 1,387m with mild temperatures, situate at 18º14’56”S, 43º36’0”W, in Minas Gerais State, Brazil. It was carried during the seasons 2013/2014, 2014/2015 and 2015/2016. The blackberry cultivars evaluated were the following ones ‘Brazos’, ‘Guarani’, ‘Tupy’ and ‘Xavante’. Flowering and harvesting of cultivars were evaluated as well as climatological data of the area in order to relate the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Rubus; Cold hours; Climate adaptation; Productivity.
Ano: 2017 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782017001200204
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Assessing the genotypic performance of carioca beans through mixed models Ciência Rural
Souza,Yure Pequeno de; Santos,Paulo Ricardo dos; Nascimento,Maxwel Rodrigues; Costa,Kleyton Danilo da Silva; Lima,Thalyson Vasconcelos; Oliveira,Tâmara Rebecca Albuquerque de; Costa,Antônio Félix da; Pereira,Helton Santos; Silva,José Wilson da.
ABSTRACT: Using genotypes adapted to different regions is one of the main ways to increase Brazilian bean yield. The aim of the present study was to assess the genotypic performance of Carioca beans through mixed models. Fourteen Carioca bean genotypes were assessed in four locations in Pernambuco State (Arcoverde, Caruaru, Belém de São Francisco and São João counties) in 2015. The experiments followed a completely randomized block design, with three repetitions. Genetic parameters were estimated according to the REML/BLUP methodology, whereas genotype selection was based on the harmonic mean of relative performance of genetic values method (MHPRVG). The mean genotype heritability had moderate magnitude, high selective accuracy, besides allowing selection...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Phaseolus vulgaris L.; Adaptability; Productivity; REML/BLUP; Stability..
Ano: 2018 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782018000700201
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Correlations and track analysis for morphoagronomic descriptors in pedigree and parental lines of castor bean Ciência Rural
Silva,Adielle Rodrigues da; Silva,Simone Alves; Almeida,Vanessa de Oliveira; Araújo,Gilmara de Melo; Ledo,Carlos Alberto da Silva.
ABSTRACT: As castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) reveals immense adaptability to various ecological conditions and due to its socioeconomic significance, new studies have emerged primarily to develop more productive cultivars to suit different regions in Brazil. This study aimed to confirmthe correlations and direct and indirect effects of the morphoagronomic descriptors on castor bean productivity, employing correlation studies and track analysis. Between 2014 and 2015, experiments utilizing the randomized block design were performed, with four replications, which included 208 treatments involving pedigree and parental lines of castor bean, drawn from the germplasm bank of the Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia. Variables in the correlation analysis...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Ricinus communis L. selection; Productivity.
Ano: 2017 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782017000400205
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Production of cachama reciprocal hybrids in earth ponds Ciência Rural
Ramírez-Mora,José Nobel; Useche,Manuel Crisostomo; Niño,Pedro Alexander; Leal,Carlos; Baldisserotto,Bernardo.
ABSTRACT: The growth of cachama hybrids, cachamoto (Colossoma macropomum ♀ x Piaractus brachypomus ♂) and cachamay (P. brachypomus ♀ x C. macropomum ♂) was compared for 154 days to determine which showed the better productivity. The experiment was carried out in three earth ponds, each divided transversely with a plastic net, yielding six experimental units. Juveniles of cachamoto of 12.95±2.43g and 6.75±0.42cm and cachamay of 16.65±3.64g and 7.41±0.62cm were distributed in each sub-tank of 240m2 at a density of 0.5 fish m-2. Fish were fed twice daily except on days when their weight and length, and the physical and chemical parameters of the water were measured. The following productive variables were evaluated: growth in weight and length, daily weight...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Black pacu; Pirapitinga; Fish culture; Productivity; Cost/benefit relationship.
Ano: 2019 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782019001100651
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Análisis de la productividad en las entidades federativas de México. Colegio de Postgraduados
Freire Basantes, Verónica del Carmen.
En esta investigación se realizó un análisis comparativo de los cambios en la productividad de las entidades federativas de México, durante el período 2005-2010. Para estimar la productividad se utilizó la metodología basada en el Análisis Envolvente de Datos (DEA), bajo el Índice de Productividad de Malmquist (IPM), empleando como producto al PIB estatal y como insumos al capital y mano de obra. Los resultados muestran un descenso general en la productividad del 2005 al 2009, con una recuperación en el 2010; esto se debió principalmente al componente de cambio tecnológico, más que a cambios en la eficiencia técnica. Los desequilibrios regionales principalmente del cuarto período que reflejan los resultados del IPM coinciden con la crisis financiera del...
Palavras-chave: Método envolvente de datos; Inventario de capital; Productividad; Doctorado; Economía; Data envelopment analysis; Capital stock; Productivity.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/1767
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Innovación tecnológica en la producción de jitomate (Lycopersicon esculentum) en invernadero por productores de milpa tradicional en Santo Domingo Teojomulco y San Jacinto Tlacotepec, Oaxaca. Colegio de Postgraduados
Ortíz Jiménez, Bersaín.
La tesis comprende el estudio de unidades familiares que producen jitomate en invernadero y realizan actividades productivas de autoconsumo como lo es la milpa. Se realiza el análisis del grado de adopción de innovación tecnológica en la producción de jitomate en invernadero y los flujos de conocimiento sobre tecnología entre los productores; también se analiza la productividad y sustentabilidad de los sistemas agrícolas de la unidad familiar. El índice de adopción (InAI), se obtiene a través del análisis de variables latente de los componentes tecnológicos, comparando el antes y después del proceso del método de las escuelas de campo para la difusión de tecnología; con el método de redes sociales se observa el flujo de conocimiento y relaciones de cada...
Palavras-chave: Adopción de innovación tecnológica; Redes sociales; Sistemas agrícolas; Productividad; Sustentabilidad; Estudios del Desarrollo Rural; Doctorado; Adoption of technological innovation; Social networks; Agricultural systems; Productivity; Sustainability.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/1787
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Medición y analísis de la eficiencia productiva en fincas cafetaleras de la zona centro del Estado de Veracruz, México, mediante el índice de productividad de Malmquist Colegio de Postgraduados
Cervantes Monsreal, Oscar Ismael.
Medir el nivel de productividad en eficiencia productiva de 2008 a 2009, a Fincas cafetaleras ubicadas en la zona centro del Estado de Veracruz, en base a Inputs definidos por el número de empleados y por los costos de producción medido en kilogramos dados en pesos mexicanos y a outputs definidos por el número de quintales vendidos semanalmente y por su cantidad demandada semanalmente; nos permitirá identificar a la finca que mejor utiliza sus factores productivos y por ende ser más competitiva con respecto a las demás fincas cafetaleras de la zona, logrando entre otras cosas maximizar sus ganancias o bien, minimizar sus costos productivos durante la época de cosecha (septiembre – marzo) se evaluó el cambio productivo y la descomposición de los factores...
Palavras-chave: Finca cafetalera; Eficiencia; Productividad; Indice de Malmquist; Coffee property; Efficiency; Productivity; Index of Malmquist; Maestría; Economía.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/112
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Erosión hídrica, productividad, captura de carbono y uso de la radiación solar y agua en tres sistemas de manejo, para la agricultura de ladera en el trópico subhúmedo de México. Colegio de Postgraduados
Camas Gómez, Robertony.
En el trópico subhúmedo de México, la mayor parte de la agricultura se lleva a cabo en pequeñas unidades de producción en laderas abruptas truncadas donde la erosión del suelo es la principal causa de los bajos rendimientos e ingresos económicos. Con el objetivo de encontrar alternativas tecnológicas sostenibles, se evaluaron a nivel de microcuenca los sistemas: maíz en labranza cero con pastoreo (MLCP); maíz en barreras de muro vivo (MBMV) y milpa intercalada con árboles frutales (MIAF), en términos del control de la erosión, productividad, uso del agua y radiación solar, y captura de carbono. En los tres sistemas se determinó la relación entre la posición del suelo en la ladera en función de la pendiente con las condiciones de fertilidad del mismo, lo...
Palavras-chave: Sistemas de manejo; Laderas; Erosión; Productividad; Captura de carbono; Management systems; Hillside; Carbon capture; Productivity; Edafología; Doctorado.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/543
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Productividad, rentabilidad y estratificación de los productores de maíz en Tlalchapa, Guerrero. Colegio de Postgraduados
Rayón Peña, Juan Virgilio.
El maíz es el cultivo más importante del estado de Guerrero, por lo que, en el municipio de Tlalchapa, se realizó un análisis de los procesos de producción, de las condiciones socioeconómicas y tecnológicas, así como de las políticas gubernamentales de apoyo a la producción, todo ello para detectar las deficiencias existentes y proponer soluciones mediante las cuales los productores puedan mejorar la productividad y, por tanto, sus ingresos. El presente estudio se llevó a cabo en el periodo del 20 de julio al 14 de agosto de 2013, aplicando un cuestionario a los productores de maíz que siembran en el ciclo Primavera-Verano y posteriormente se utilizó la Matriz de Análisis de Política (MAP) para analizar la información obtenida. Los resultados de la...
Palavras-chave: Condiciones socioeconómicas; Productividad; MAP; Agricultura sustentable; Socio-economic conditions; Productivity; MPA; Sustainable agriculture; Economía; Maestría.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/2249
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Ganadería ecológica en Nicaragua: análisis del proyecto de ganadería ecológica en la finca "La Grecia". Colegio de Postgraduados
Bairamis, Konstantinos.
En el período 2003-2007 en Nicaragua, se hizo un esfuerzo para lograr la producción de carne orgánica y mejorar la situación económica y social de los productores nicaragüenses, aprovechando los buenos precios de la carne orgánica en el mercado internacional. Los pocos productores que lograron producir este tipo de carne, encontraron cerrados los canales de comercialización. El esfuerzo en el área productiva, el sacrificio de los productores, se perdió. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir el proyecto, explicar las causas de los resultados y comparar dos modelos: el de la ganadería orgánica en sus diferentes etapas y el de la ganadería convencional en Nicaragua. La comparación se efectúa en condiciones de trópico húmedo y alrededor de dos variables...
Palavras-chave: Orgánico; Ecológico; Producción; Ganadería; Rentabilidad; Productividad; Organic; Production; Livestock; Profitability; Productivity; EDAR.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/340
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Rentabilidad de la producción de durazno en los municipios de Chiuatzingo, Calpan, Domingo Arenas y Huejotzingo Puebla. Colegio de Postgraduados
García Figueroa, Guillermina.
3.87 in modality of irrigation and of
Palavras-chave: Durazno; Productividad; Rentabilidad; Potencial Peach; Productivity; Profitability; Potential.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/839
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Productividad y valor económico potencial de arvenses en cultivos de maíz de Nanacamilpa, Tlaxcala Colegio de Postgraduados
González Amaro, Rosa María.
El presente trabajo se desarrolló para conocer el uso, manejo y productividad expresada en costos y beneficios del aprovechamiento de las arvenses de cultivo de maíz en un sistema agrícola tradicional. Se muestrearon 12 parcelas en tres comunidades de Nanacamilpa de Mariano Arista, Tlaxcala. En cuatro parcelas de cada comunidad se establecieron áreas de muestreo de 7 x 7.5 m, considerando bordo, orilla y cultivo, en las que se identificaron las especies silvestres útiles, su riqueza, diversidad y cobertura estimada empleando la escala modificada de la original de Braun-Blanquet. Dentro de esta unidad de muestreo se establecieron seis cuadros de 1m2 en los que se midió la biomasa útil producida en peso fresco, dos veces durante el ciclo del...
Tipo: Tesis Palavras-chave: Etnobotánica; Arvenses; Agroecosistemas tradicionales; Productividad; Biomasa útil; Maestría; Botánica; Ethnobotany; Agrestals; Traditional agroecosystems; Productivity; Useful biomass.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/1498
Registros recuperados: 416
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