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| Registros recuperados: 390 | |
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| Toledo,Roger; Engler,Alejandra; Ahumada,Víctor. |
| Risk in the agricultural sector has multiple dimensions or factors and prioritization of these can support decision making. On the other hand, knowing the importance of these risk factors for distinct agricultural activities and how they vary according to geographic zone constitutes relevant information for agricultural development. The objective of this study was to prioritize risk factors that are highly relevant for farmers in Central South Chile. The multi-criteria Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) methodology was used to define a decision structure with four risk factors or criteria: climate, price and direct cost variability, human factor, and commercialization. In general, results obtained showed that there are no important imbalances in the... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Risk analysis; AHP; Multi-criteria decisions. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392011000100014 |
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| Araneda Durán,Ximena; Breve Ulloa,Rodrigo; Aguilera Carrillo,José; Lavín Contreras,Jorge; Toneatti Bastidas,Marcelo. |
| Recent introduction of hybrid varieties raises the question if bees (Apis mellifera L.) contribute as pollinator agents in developing the full yield potential of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). In order to evaluate the yield achieved by B. napus cv. Artus pollinated by A. mellifera testing was carried out in the district of Freire, La Araucanía Region, Chile. This consisted in isolating or excluding rapeseed plants from pollinators with exclusion cages. Treatments applied were total exclusion (T1), partial exclusion (T2) and free pollination (T0) with a density of 6.5 hives ha-1, in order to determine the following yield components traits: grains per silique, siliques per plant, 1000 grain weight and yield. The experimental design used was randomized... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Bee hives; Pollination. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392010000200014 |
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| Bustos-Figueroa,Gabriel; Osses-Ruiz,Francisco; Silva-Aguayo,Gonzalo; Tapia-Vargas,Maritza; Hepp-Gallo,Ruperto; Rodríguez-Maciel,J. Concepción. |
| The insecticidal properties of boldus (Peumus boldus Molina) powder used alone and mixed with lime against adults of maize weevil (Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky) were evaluated under laboratory conditions. Additionally, aeration effects (presence or absence) and temperature (room temperature vs. 3 ºC) on insecticidal properties were studied over time. A mortality rate of 100% was observed at 20 g kg-1 (w/w) of P. boldus powder when used alone and mixed with lime in proportions of 50:50, 60:40, and 80:20. The 50% lethal concentration (LC50) for all treatments was < 5 g kg-1, while LC90 was 11 g kg-1. Mixing corn grains with different insecticidal treatments did not affect maize germination. Temperature and aeration did not influence mortality of maize... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Boldus; Maize weevil; Stored corn. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392009000300007 |
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| Barchiesi-Ferrari,Claudia; Anrique,René. |
| The flow of ruminal undegradable protein (RUP) to the small intestine can be increased if ruminal degradation of dietary protein is reduced. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of extrusion on ruminal degradability of dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) from dehulled lupin (Lupinus albus L.) (DL) and rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) meal (RM). Unextruded soybean (Glicine max L.) meal (SBM) was used as a control. The DL was extruded at 130 ºC with 20% moisture and RM was extruded at 120 ºC with 20% moisture. Ruminal degradability was evaluated in situ by incubating feed samples for 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, and 48 h of fermentation in the rumen using three rumen-fistulated dairy cows. Values of CP soluble fraction (a) in SBM, DL, extruded... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Extrusion; Protein supplements; Protein degradation; Soybean meal; Cattle. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392011000300014 |
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| Mahmoudvand,Mohammad; Abbasipour,Habib; Sheikhi Garjan,Aziz; Reza Bandani,Ali. |
| The oligophagous pest Plutella xylostella (L.) is a major crucifer pest in Tehran Province, Iran. Hexaflumuron is an insect growth regulator insecticide with good effects on immature insect stages. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of two sublethal concentrations (LC10 and LC25) of hexaflumuron on some biological parameters of P. xylostella larvae, such as birth rate (b), death rate (d), finite rate of increase (λ), generation time (T), sex ratio, pupation rate, and adult emergence. Results showed that hexaflumuron decreased the total number of eggs and oviposition and post-oviposition periods, pupation, and adult emergence in the treated generation, b, and λ. Hexaflumuron also increased T, d, and the... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Hexaflumuron; Sublethal; Birth rate; Death rate; Oviposition period. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392012000200007 |
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| Tapia C,Francisco; Mora,Freddy; Santos,Alexandra I. |
| There is increasing interest in the development of intensively managed olive orchards (Olea europaea L.) in northern Chile. The selection of specific varieties that perform well on a particular site is considered crucial to maximizing productivity. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the productive performance of 29 varieties of olive in the Huasco Valley (28°34' S, 70°47' W), Northern Chile.The traits evaluated were: mean olive production per tree considering a longitudinal (PML) analysis over a period of five years, 2003 to 2007, total olive production in the same period (PA03-07) and alternate bearing index (ABI). The effect of variety was highly significant (p < 0.01) for all traits. In the field trial, IAP was moderate (0.52), with PML... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Olive fruit; Alternate bearing. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392009000300004 |
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| Javaid,Arshad; Ali,Sajjad. |
| Wild oat (Avena fatua L.) is a problematic weed of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in Pakistan. The present study was designed to evaluate the herbicidal activity of culture filtrates of four Trichoderma spp., namely T. harzianum, T. pseudokoningii, T. reesei and T. viride, against this weed species. In a laboratory bioassay, original (100%) and diluted (50%) culture filtrates of T. harzianum and T. pseudokoningii significantly reduced shoot and root growth of A. fatua seedlings. Only original culture filtrates of T. reesei exhibited significant effects, while the effect of filtrates of T. viride was insignificant against shoot and root growth of the target weed species. Generally, original concentrations of culture filtrates of all Trichoderma spp., except... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Alternative herbicides; Fungal metabolites. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392011000200004 |
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| Alomar,Daniel; Fuchslocher,Rita; Cuevas,José; Mardones,Rodrigo; Cuevas,Emilio. |
| Fast and precise analytical tools can contribute to optimize pasture management decisions. This work was carried out to evaluate the potential of one such technique, near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), to predict the nutritional value of pastures without previous drying of the samples, comparing two forms of collecting the spectra: reflectance, or interactance-reflectance (fiber optic probe). Samples (n = 107) from different swards were taken across the humid and temperate regions (Los Ríos and Los Lagos) of southern Chile. Once their spectra were collected, dry matter (DM) and several chemical constituents, such as crude protein (CP), metabolizable energy (ME), neutral (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF), soluble carbohydrates (SC), soluble crude protein... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Pasture composition; NIR prediction; Near infrared reflectance spectroscopy; Fresh pastures; Fiber optics. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392009000200009 |
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| Amiri Chayjan,Reza; Esna-Ashari,Mahmood. |
| Sorption isotherm of soya bean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) was obtained by the dynamic experimental method. Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) were used for modeling soya bean equilibrium moisture content (EMC). Thermodynamic equations and trained ANN for prediction of two thermodynamic properties of net isosteric heat and entropy of soya bean were utilized. The ANN models were better compared with mathematical models. In this study, the isosteric heat and entropy of sorption of soya bean were separately predicted by two power models as a EMC function. Predictive power of the models was high (R² ≈ 0.99). At the moisture content above 11% (dry basis, db), isosteric heat and entropy of sorption of soya bean were smoothly decreased, while they were... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Back propagation; Entropy; Isosteric heat; Sorption isotherm; Soya bean. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392010000400012 |
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| Burris,Kellie P; Harte,Federico M; Michael Davidson,P; Neal Stewart Jr,C; Zivanovic,Svetlana. |
| Yerba Mate is a popular tea beverage produced and consumed in the South American countries of Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay, and Uruguay, and is processed from the leaves and stems of Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil., a perennial shrub from the Aquifoliaceae family. Production occurs in six stages: harvesting older leaves and small stems, roasting by direct fire, drying under hot air, milling to specified size, aging to acquire optimal sensory attributes, and final packaging. While grown and consumed for centuries in South America, its popularity is increasing in the United States because of demand by consumers for healthier, more natural foods, its filling a niche for a different type of tea beverage, and for Yerba Mate's potential health benefits -... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Antioxidant; Antimicrobials; Natural products; Yerba mate; Tea. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392012000200016 |
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| Behmer,Sergio; Di Prinzio,Alcides; Striebeck,Guillermina; Magdalena,Jorge. |
| Fruit production demands several phytosanitary treatments per year. The efficiency of these treatments is affected by product loss because of drift, a situation that is aggravated by frequent high winds and the presence of a substantial rural population. The objective of this study was to evaluate the distribution and to quantify product losses in fruit orchard applications. Fluorescent tracers with air-blast sprayers were applied, using air-induction hollow cone nozzles, compared to conventional hollow cone nozzles. To evaluate drift, pipes cleaner were placed on columns behind the adjacent row to the treated one, and for the losses under the tree, Petri dishes were located below the treated row; for the distribution in the tree, leaves were collected... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Orchards; Sprayers; Drift; Air-induction nozzles. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392010000300017 |
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| Flores,Carlos I.; Holzapfel,Eduardo A.; Lagos,Octavio. |
| An online dynamic decision support system (DDSS) was developed, to support the farm water management in surface irrigation. The online DDSS was based on the formulation and integration of three components: a dynamic-relational data base, an administrator model, and a graphical user interface. The DDSS allows routines of actualization, edition and addition of online data, providing information in real time. The online DDSS was applied in an orange orchard (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) cv. Valencia Late under furrow irrigation. The results pointed out that the time irrigation cutoff was the main significant management factor, to decrease the hazard of leaching, superficial runoff and percolation. Applying the results obtained with the DDSS, furrow irrigation... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Furrow irrigation; On-line irrigation management; Orange orchard. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392010000200011 |
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| Guerrero C,Jaime; Ciampi P,Luigi; Castilla C,Andrea; Medel S,Fernando; Schalchli S,Heidi; Hormazabal U,Emilio; Bensch T,Emma; Alberdi L,Miren. |
| It is possible to incorporate a lot of natural antioxidants into the human organism by consuming berries which can prevent diseases generated by the action of free radicals. Antioxidants neutralize free radicals and thus protect the organism from the oxidative damage of lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Berries stand out as one of the richest sources of antioxidant phytonutrients among various fruits and vegetables. The objective of this research was to determine antioxidant capacity (AC), total anthocyanins (TA), and total phenols (TP) of wild and cultivated berries in different localities of La Araucanía and Los Ríos Regions in Chile. These parameters were analyzed by using the free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl hydrate (DPPH) method,... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: ; 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl antioxidant potential. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392010000400002 |
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| Vidal J,Leslie; Avello L,Marcia; Loyola C,Cristina; Campos P,Jorge; Aqueveque M,Pedro; R. Dungan,Stephanie; Galotto L,Maria; Guarda M,Abel. |
| Microencapsulation technology is an alternative to stabilize stress factors and protect food ingredients or additives, which include environmentally sensitive bioactive principles in protective matrices to increase their functionality and life span. The objective of this research was to study conditions to obtain microcapsules with antioxidant capacity from a maqui (Aristotelia chilensis [Molina] Stuntz, Elaeocarpaceae) leaf extract by emulsification and subsequent retention after microencapsulation. Microcapsules were produced by water-in-oil emulsion (W/O) using a phase of the aqueous maqui leaf extract and gum arabic, and a liquid vaseline phase. Maqui leaf extract antioxidant capacity was 99.66% compared with the aqueous phase of the emulsion at 94.38... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Maqui; Antioxidant capacity; Bioactive compounds; Gum arabic. |
| Ano: 2013 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392013000100003 |
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| Registros recuperados: 390 | |
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