SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Increased efficiency of straw utilisation by cattle and buffalo

Ott, Stephen L..

The National Dairy Heifer Evaluation Project ( NDHEP ) was conducted by the National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS ) from April 1991 through July 1992 with the assistance of 1,811 producers from 28 states. Producers included in the study each had herds of 30 or more milk cows, representing 78 percent of the milk cows in the U.S. The average total of cattle and calves on each operation was 169.4. The main breed on 94.9% of operations was Holstein. Slightly over 46 percent of operations stated reproductive problems as the cause of low milk production of cows culled from the herd. Newborn calves were separated from their mothers before nursing on 28.0 percent of operations and less than 12 hours after birth on 39.6 percent of operations. On 64.0...

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Dairy; Cattle; Monitoring; Epidemiology; Preweaning; Heifer; Production; Morbidity; Mortality; Death loss; Illness; Colostrum; Calving; Dehorning; Vaccination; Scours; Antibiotics; Feed; Milk replacer; Livestock Production/Industries.

Ano: 1994

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32754

SWINE '95 PART II: REFERENCE OF 1995 U.S. GROWER/FINISHER HEALTH AND MANAGEMENT PRACTICES

George, P.S..

The Australian Centre of International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) has sponsored several research projects with the aim of increasing the efficiency of straw utilisation by cattle and buffaloes in some Australian and Indian situations. These projects involved research on upgrading technology and field testing specific feed formulations to determine their impact on improving livestock production in India. This report contains an economic assessment of three interrelated projects supported by ACIAR over a period of nine years, starting 1983–84. Apart from validating the feasibility of improving the efficiency of strawbased diets through strategic supplements, the projects under review had played a significant role in the commercial introduction of urea...

Tipo: Book

Palavras-chave: Cattle; Buffalo; Straw; Feed; Australia; India; Efficiency; Livestock production; Economic assessment; Urea molasses blocks; Bypass protein feed; Dairy; Milk; Agribusiness; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development; Livestock Production/Industries; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.

Ano: 1998

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47191

MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ASSOCIATED WITH HIGH-PRODUCING U.S. DAIRY HERDS

Bush, Eric J..

This report is the second of a three-part release of national information from the second National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS) swine study, the Swine '95 Grower/Finisher. The 1990 National Swine Survey focused on farrowing sows and preweaning piglets. For the Swine '95 Study, the USDA's National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) collaborated with Veterinary Services (VS) to select a producer sample that was statistically designed to provide inferences to the nation's swine population. Data collected for the study represented the top 16 pork states and nearly 91 percent of the U.S. hog inventory, as well as nearly three fourths of the nation's pork producers. Data for this report were collected from 418 producers whose operations had 300 or...

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Swine; Monitoring; Epidemiology; Production; Grower/finisher; Feed; Antibiotics; Waste management; Disease; Salmonella; Marketing; Slaughter; Biosecurity; Livestock Production/Industries.

Ano: 1996

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32770

KONSEQUENZEN DER WELTWEIT ZUNEHMENDEN VERBREITUNG GENTECHNISCH VERÄNDERTER PFLANZEN IN DER LEBENS- UND FUTTERMITTELPRODUKTION IN DEUTSCHLAND

Ott, Stephen L..

The National Animal Health Monitoring Systems (NAHMS) Dairy +96 Study of dairy herds in 20 states examined herd management practices that varied between high-producing (top 25%) and low-producing (bottom 25%) U.S. dairy herds. Only 100% Holstein herds were included in the study. Within four size categories (30-99 cows, 100-199 cows, 200-499 cows, 500 or more cows) herds were ranked by milk production per cow. High-producing herds were more likely to use Dairy Herd Improvement Association records or an on-farm computer system than low-producing herds. High-producing herds were also more likely to feed a total mixed ration, use forage test results in balancing feed rations, use bovine somatotropin (bST) and/or systematic prostaglandins, and vaccinate against...

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Dairy; Cattle; Monitoring; Epidemiology; Economics; Holsteins; Production; Diseases; Vaccinations; Culling; Feed; Livestock Production/Industries.

Ano: 1997

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32750

Hirzinger, Tobias; Menrad, Klaus.

Seit der ersten Aussaat 1996 in den USA nimmt die Anbaufläche transgener Pflanzen jährlich stetig zu und 2005 wurden weltweit auf 90 Mio. ha transgene Pflanzen angebaut. In der EU wurden in den letzten Jahren umfangreiche gesetzliche Regelungen erlassen, welche die Zulassung, die Kennzeichnung und das Monitoring gentechnisch veränderter Organismen (GVO) regeln. In der vorliegenden Studie wurde untersucht, welche Konsequenzen der weltweite Anbau gentechnisch veränderter Pflanzen, unter Beachtung der europäischen Gentechnikgesetzgebung, für die Lebens- und Futtermittelindustrie in Deutschland hat. Empirische Grundlage ist eine umfassende schriftliche Befragung, die 2005 durchgeführt wurde. Das Ergebnis dieser Studie zeigt, dass vor allem Rohstoffimporte aus...

Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation

Palavras-chave: Genetic Modification; Law; Food; Feed; GMO; Coexistence; Labelling; Traceability; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14964

Effects of glycerol on the metabolism of broilers fed increasing glycerine levels

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Avic.

Romano,GG; Menten,JFM; Freitas,LW; Lima,MB; Pereira,R; Zavarize,KC; Dias,CTS.

This study evaluated the metabolic response of broilers fed diets containing increasing crude glycerine levels in two bioassays. Birds were house in metabolic cages, and were distributed according to a completely randomized experimental design with five treatments of 4 replicates each (1st assay: 5 birds/ cage; 2nd assay: 1-20 days = 8 birds/ cage, and 21-42 days = 4 birds/cage). Treatments consisted of a control diet based on corn and soybean meal, and four other diets containing 2.5%, 5.0%, 7.5% and 10.0% glycerine derived from biodiesel. In experiment I, there was no effect (p>0.05) of glycerol level on liver weight or blood parameters. Serum blood glycerol levels of the birds fed 10% crude glycerine increased during the first nine days of diet...

EFFECTS OF GRADUAL FEED DILUTION WITH INERT OR LESS NUTRITIVE MATERIALS ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE, FEED COST AND MEAT ORGANOLEPTIC PROPERTIES OF BROILER CHICKEN

Palavras-chave: Alternative feedstuffs; Energy source; Nutrition; Feed.

Ano: 2014

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2014000100014

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Avic.

Atapattu,NSBM; Silva,LMS.

ABSTRACT The objective of the present study was to determine the effects of the gradual dilution of broiler finisher diets with inert or less nutritive materials on growth performance, feed cost, and meat organoleptic properties. Broiler chicks (n=147) were allocated into 49 pens and fed a mash broiler finisher diet (control) or the control diet diluted either with cassava leaf meal (CLM), gliricidia leaf meal (GLM), grass meal (GM), rice bran (RB), sand (SND), or sawdust (SD). For a given diluent, six diets were prepared by mixing the control diet with the respective diluents (w/w) at 0% (fed from 27-28d),2% (fed from 29-30d), 4% (fed from 31-32d), 6% (fed from 33-34d), 8% (fed from 35-36d) and 10% (fed from 37-40d). SD, RB, GLM and GM significantly...

Effect of Fennel (Foeniculum Vulgare Mill.) Used as a Feed Additive on The Egg Quality of Laying Hens Under Heat Stress

Palavras-chave: Broiler; Dilution; Feed; Performance; Phase.

Ano: 2016

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2016000300427

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Avic.

Gharaghani,H; Shariatmadari,F; Torshizi,MA.

In this study, one hundred and twenty 40-wk-old White Leghorn laying hens were submitted to two different thermal conditions (24° C vs. 34° C) and were fed three levels (0, 10, or and 20 g/kg of diet)of fennel fruits (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) as a feed additive in. This study was carried out according to a factorial design consisting of two temperatures and three fennel levels with five 5 replicates each (n = 2 × 3 × 5). Performance, egg production, egg quality, and oxidative product levels (malondialdehyde, MDA, and carbonyl) in the eggs were measured before and after heat exposure. The results showed that the tested temperatures did not affect egg production (p>0.05), but the production of eggs with broken shell and feed intake were affected by heat...

Mathematical modeling for digestible protein in animal feeds for tilapia

Palavras-chave: Fennel; Heat stress; Laying hens; Antioxidant; Feed.

Ano: 2015

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2015000200199

Vidal,Luiz Vítor Oliveira; Furuya,Wilson Massamitu; Martins,Elias Nunes; Xavier,Tadeu Orlandi; Michelato,Mariana; Graciano,Themis Sakaguti.

The objective of this study was to formulate mathematical models to estimate digestible protein in some animal feeds for tilapia. Literature results of the proximate composition of crude protein, ether extract, and mineral matter, as well as digestible protein obtained in biological assays, were used. The data were subjected to multiple linear stepwise backward regression. Path analysis was performed to measure the direct and indirect effects of each independent variable on the dependent one. To validate the model, the experience used data from independent studies and values obtained from a digestibility trial with juvenile Nile tilapia testing five meat and bone meals, using the Guelph feces collecting system and chromium oxide (III) as an indicator. The...

North American Rendering: processing high quality protein and fats for feed

Palavras-chave: Chemical composition; Estimate; Feed; Linear models.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982012000600005

Meeker,David L..

One third to one half of each animal produced for meat, milk, eggs, and fiber is not consumed by humans. These raw materials are subjected to rendering processes resulting in many useful products. Meat and bone meal, meat meal, poultry meal, hydrolyzed feather meal, blood meal, fish meal, and animal fats are the primary products resulting from the rendering process. The most important and valuable use for these animal by-products is as feed ingredients for livestock, poultry, aquaculture, and companion animals. There are volumes of scientific references validating the nutritional qualities of these products, and there are no scientific reasons for altering the practice of feeding rendered products to animals. Government agencies regulate the processing of...

Reduction of toxic effects of aflatoxin B1 by using baker yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) in growing broiler chicks diets

Palavras-chave: Feed; Ingredients; Manufacturing practices; Rendering.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982009001300043

Çelýk,Kemal; Denlý,Muzaffer; Savas,Türker.

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of adding baker yeast (BY), chlortetracycline (CTC) and both BY + CTC to a control diet containing 200 ng/g of aflatoxin B1 (C + AFB1) on performance, serum parameters and pathologyc alterations of broilers. A total 100 chicks (Ross PM 3) were divided into five groups in individual cages and each containing 20 animals. BY, a rich source of protein and vitamin B complex, was mixed into the diets at 2.0 %, CTC was mixed into the diet at 2.5 ng/g. Feed consumption, body weight and feed efficiency were recorded weekly. Serum parameters and pathologyc alterations were determined at the end of the study. Dead animals were recorded daily. Liver changes were clearly apparent in the C+AFB1and C+ AFB1+CTC most of...

Degradation kinetics and assessment of the prediction equation of indigestible fraction of neutral detergent fiber from agroindustrial byproducts

Palavras-chave: Feed; Aflatoxin B1; Baker yeast; Chlortetracycline; Broiler; Performance.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982003000300013

Filho,José Gilson Louzada Regadas; Pereira,Elzânia Sales; Pimentel,Patrícia Guimarães; Oliveira,Tadeu Silva de; Costa,Marcus Roberto Góes Ferreira; Maia,Iana Sérvulo Gomes.

This study aimed at estimating the kinetic parameters of ruminal degradation of neutral detergent fiber from agroindustrial byproducts of cashew (pulp and cashew nut), passion fruit, melon, pineapple, West Indian cherry, grape, annatto and coconut through the gravimetric technique of nylon bag, and to evaluate the prediction equation of indigestible fraction of neutral detergent fiber suggested by the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System. Samples of feed crushed to 2 mm were placed in 7 × 14 cm nylon bags with porosity of 50 µm in a ratio of 20 g DM/cm² and incubated in duplicate in the rumen of a heifer at 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 16, 24, 36, 48, 72, 96 and 144 hours. The incubation residues were analyzed for NDF content and evaluated by a non-linear...

Substitution of blood plasma with soy protein concentrate in piglet diet

Palavras-chave: CNCPS; Feed; Fruit; Ruminants.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982011000900022

Resende,Moisés Queiroz; Mascarenhas,Alessandra Gimenez; Mello,Heloisa Helena de Carvalho; Arnhold,Emmanuel; Teixeira,Karla Andrade; Rufino,Luciana Moura; Nunes,Romão da Cunha.

ABSTRACT In this study, we evaluated the effects of substitution of partial and total spray-dried blood plasma (BP) with soy protein concentrate (SPC) in the diet of post-weaning piglets on their performance, intestinal histomorphometry, and blood parameters. Fifty-four castrated male piglets, weaned at an average age of 21 days and an initial average weight of 7.01±0.294 kg, were distributed in a completely randomized block design, with three diets (0%SPC-5%BP, 2.5%SPC-2.5%BP, and 5%SPC-0%BP), six replicates, and three piglets per experimental unit. The experimental feeds were formulated to meet the requirements of the piglets at 21-32 and 33-42 days of age (pre-starter diet) and 43-66 days of age (starter diet). From 21 to 32 and 21 to 42 days of age,...

Performance, carcass characteristics and non-carcass components of Texel × Santa Inês lambs fed fat sources and monensin

Palavras-chave: Feed; Performance; Leukocytes; Swine; Villus.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982017000400324

Soares,Sandro Braga; Furusho-Garcia,Iraides Ferreira; Pereira,Idalmo Garcia; Alves,Danilo de Oliveira; Silva,Guilherme Rodrigues da; Almeida,Amélia Katiane de; Lopes,Clenardo Macedo; Sena,Janaina Adna Barbosa.

Performance, carcass, non-carcass and commercial cuts and components of Texel × Santa Inês crossbred lambs, managed in confinement and fed diets based on soybean oil, soybeans and a conventional diet, with or without the use of monensin (78 ppm dry matter basis) were evaluated. Thirty-six Texel × Santa Inês lambs (18 males and 18 females) were managed in intensive systems. Animals were slaughtered after 87 days of confinement, and performance, carcass characteristics, weight and percentages of carcass and non-carcass components were evaluated. The animals fed the control diet had heavier carcass and parts than animals fed soybean, while the oil diet did not differ from the controls in most parameters. The animals fed soybean showed lower intake kg dry...

Transfer of toxic substances from feed to food

Palavras-chave: Efficiency; Fat; Feed; Gain; Sheep; Weight.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982012000200027

Kan,Cornelis Adriaan.

The title may raise questions about definitions of the terms used. The more obvious ones are: 1) What is transfer? 2) How to define toxic; and 3) How to define feed or food. A more underlying question is how to measure the substances we are interested in. The (often) chemical methods used, are not always sensitive or specific enough. Sometimes, biologically based methods are used which detect a biological response, but seldom identify the compound responsible for that. Transfer is often not quantified in absolute terms but expressed in concentrations in feed and food. Mass balance between intake and excretion are quite rare as a steady state situation of residues in the animal is sometimes not obtained. Toxicity is mostly dependent on the concentration of...

Live and formulated diet evaluation through initial growth and survival of jundiá larvae, Rhamdia quelen

Palavras-chave: Carry-over; Feed; Food; Risks; Toxic substances; Transfer.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982009001300042

Scientia Agricola

Carneiro,Paulo César Falanghe; Mikos,Jorge Daniel; Schorer,Marianne; Oliveira Filho,Paulo Roberto Campagnoli; Bendhack,Fabiano.

Live diet (LD) dependence and the lack of suitable formulated diets (FD) are major constraints for the expansion of larviculture of many fish species. The low digestibility and nutritional quality of FD are factors that might explain their failure as a stand-alone starter food. To determine whether FD in combination with LD (zooplankton) may efficiently increase larval growth and survival of jundiá (Rhamdia quelen), when compared to fish fed by either types of diet alone, jundiá larvae (5.57 mm; 1.41 mg) were initially stocked into 12 10-L aquaria (100 larvae per aquarium). Replicate groups (n=4) were fed ad libitum one of the three diets for 20 (when fed FD) or 48 days (when fed LD or the combined diets). Larvae fed FD alone presented significantly lower...

การปลดปล่อยแก๊สมีเทนในโคพื้นเมืองไทยที่ได้รับอาหารหยาบคุณภาพต่ำ

Palavras-chave: Feed; Zooplankton; Nutrition; Silver catfish.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162003000400002

Thai Agricultural

Kanokwan Kongphitee; Kritapon Sommart.

Objective of this study was to estimate methane production in Thai native cattle fed dried Ruzi grass or rice straw based diets. Twelve Thai native bull (body weight 342.25±30.46 kg.) were used in this experiment. Dietary treatments were applied in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) consisted of ad libitum mixed 70%of concentrate with 30% of dried Ruzi grass based diet (T1), ad libitum 70% of concentrate with 30% of rice straw based diet (T2) and 70% of concentrate with 30% of rice straw based diet stair step feeding (T3). The nutrient intake and methane production were not significant different (P>0.05) between animals fed dried Ruzi grass and rice straw based diets. Dry matter and organic matter intake (on the basis of % BW and g/kg W0.75/d) in...

Tipo: PhysicalObject

Palavras-chave: Methane production; Thai native beef cattle; Nutrition; Feed; โคเนื้อ; พันธุ์พื้นเมืองไทย; แก๊สมีเทน; โคพื้นเมือง; โภชนาการสัตว์; อาหารหยาบ; หญ้ารูซี่แห้ง; การปลดปล่อยแก๊ส.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://anchan.lib.ku.ac.th/agnet/handle/001/5153

การใช้เศษเหลือของสับปะรดเป็นอาหารหยาบของแพะ

Thai Agricultural

Peerawat Namanee; Saowanit Kuprasert; Wanwisa Ngampongsai.

Two experiments were conducted to determine the utilization of pineapple waste as roughage sourcein goats. In experiment 1, eight Thai Native×Anglo-Nubian 50% crossbred male goats, 2 years old, with averagebody weight (BW) of 37±2.33 kg, were used in 4×4 replicate Latin square design. The goat was offered 4 sources of roughage:plicatulum hay (T1), pineapple waste (T2), plicatulum hay and pineapple waste at the ratio of 1:10 w/w (T3) and plicatulum hay and pineapple waste at the ratio of 1:20 w/w (T4). All goats were supplemented with concentrate at 0.50%of BW on dry matter. The results showed that the apparent digestibility coefficient of the dry matter, organic matter, neutral detergent fiber and total digestible nutrient (TDN) of goats fed T2 and T4...

Tipo: Collection

Palavras-chave: Goats; Rumen fermentation; Performance; Pineapple waste; Feed; Nutrient digestibility coefficient; แพะ; กระบวนการหมักในกระเพาะรูเมน; สมรรถภาพการผลิต; เศษเหลือของสับปะรด; อาหารหยาบ; อาหารสัตว์; สัมประสิทธิ์การย่อยได้ของโภชนะ; โรงงานแปรรูปสับปะรดกระป๋อง.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://anchan.lib.ku.ac.th/agnet/handle/001/5148

การใช้ประโยชน์พันธุกรรมข้าวพื้นเมืองสำหรับเลี้ยงไก่ชน

Thai Agricultural

Rattapong Meekun; Paitoon Nandang; Kid Nguanmuai; Narong Titinanritthikul.

Paddy riceused as a major source of carbohydrates in the fighting cocks feed. The fighting cocks has been fed widely and also many species have been developed. Some of them have high millions Baht. Fighting cocks breeders need effective rice. We conducted a survey of the needs and characteristics of local rice varieties that can be used as fighting cocks feed. Beginning with a survey from December 2013 to February 2014 the samples were 53 of Fighting cocks breeders in Mae Hong Son province. In a result, it was found that most of respondents were male. Age range was between 28 - 78 years old. The experience of fighting cocks breeding was 5 - 60 years. They raised 4-80 fighting cocks. Demand for rice was 6,881 kilograms per month. Price of rice was 11 - 17...

Tipo: PhysicalObject

Palavras-chave: Local rice varieties; Fighting cock feed; Feed; ข้าวพื้นเมือง; อาหารเลี้ยงไก่; อาหารสัตว์; ไก่ชน; ลักษณะข้าว; เมล็ดพันธุ์ข้าว; การตัดสินใจเลือกอาหาร; ความพึงพอใจ; การส่งเสริมเพาะปลูก.

Ano: 2014

URL: http://anchan.lib.ku.ac.th/agnet/handle/001/5666

The influence of diet and isolation on growth and survival in the land snail Bulimulus tenuissimus (Mollusca: Bulimulidae) in laboratory

Zoologia

Meireles,Liliane M. O.; Silva,Lidiane C.; Junqueira,Flávia O.; Bessa,Elisabeth C. A..

Feed influences directly growth and survival in land snails. Here, we investigate the influence of diet and isolation on growth and survival in Bulimulus tenuissimus (d'Orbigny, 1835) in the laboratory. Animals were maintained individually and in groups and three different types of diets: lettuce, ration and both lettuce and ration (mixed diet) for 210 days. Isolated animals, in all diet types, grew more rapidly than grouped animals. Also, snails fed with lettuce grew most slowly in isolated or grouped treatments. Within isolated or grouped treatments, growth rates were similar for the ration and the mixed diet. Mortality rate was higher in animals fed on lettuce only, in both density treatments. Thus, diet and density are important components of the...