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| Schweik, Charles; University of Massachusetts, Amherst; cschweik@pubpol.umass.edu; Evans, Tom; Indiana University; evans@indiana.edu; Grove, J. Morgan; U.S. Forest Service, Northeastern Research Station; mgrove@fs.fed.us. |
| This paper discusses opportunities for alternative collaborative approaches for social-ecological research in general and, in this context, for modeling land-use/land-cover change. In this field, the rate of progress in academic research is steady but perhaps not as rapid or efficient as might be possible with alternative organizational frameworks. The convergence of four phenomena provides new opportunities for cross-organizational collaboration: (1) collaborative principles related to "open source" (OS) software development, (2) the emerging area of "open content" (OC) licensing, (3) the World Wide Web as a platform for scientific communication, and (4) the traditional concept of peer review. Although private individuals, government organizations, and... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Land use; Land cover; Modeling; Open content; Free/libre software; Open source software. |
| Ano: 2005 |
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| Gilchrist, Grant; ; grant.gilchrist@ec.gc.ca; Mallory, Mark; ; mark.mallory@ec.gc.ca; Merkel, Flemming; ;. |
| Sound management of wildlife species, particularly those that are harvested, requires extensive information on their natural history and demography. For many global wildlife populations, however, insufficient scientific information exists, and alternative data sources may need to be considered in management decisions. In some circumstances, local ecological knowledge (LEK) can serve as a useful, complementary data source, and may be particularly valuable when managing wildlife populations that occur in remote locations inhabited by indigenous peoples. Although several published papers discuss the general benefits of LEK, few attempt to examine the reliability of information generated through this approach. We review four case studies of marine birds in... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Arctic; Inuit; LEK; Local ecological knowledge; Marine birds; Population declines; TEK; Traditional ecological knowledge. |
| Ano: 2005 |
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| Chokkalingam, Unna; Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR); u.chokkalingam@cgiar.org; Kurniawan, Iwan; Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR); i.kurniawan@cgiar.org; Ruchiat, Yayat; Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR); y.ruchiat@cgiar.org. |
| Large-scale, recurrent fires in Indonesia in recent decades have caused widespread deforestation and transformation of peatlands, and have contributed to substantial smoke haze and greenhouse-gas pollution. In some areas, local community use of fire for livelihood needs could be a major factor behind the widespread fires. We assessed fire patterns and their causes from the 1980s to the present in the Middle Mahakam peatlands of East Kalimantan. This was achieved through satellite image and GIS analysis, biological and social field surveys, and rapid rural appraisals in the villages. People living in or using the swamps employ fire annually along the waterways and adjacent open floodplains and forests, in conjunction with fishing, agriculture, and other... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
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| Ano: 2005 |
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| Lebel, Louis; USER, Chiang Mai University; louis@sea-user.org; Garden, Po; USER, Chiang Mai University; po@sea-user.org; Imamura, Masao; USER, Chiang Mai University; masao@sea-user.org. |
| The appropriate scales for science, management, and decision making cannot be unambiguously derived from physical characteristics of water resources. Scales are a joint product of social and biophysical processes. The politics-of-scale metaphor has been helpful in drawing attention to the ways in which scale choices are constrained overtly by politics, and more subtly by choices of technologies, institutional designs, and measurements. In doing so, however, the scale metaphor has been stretched to cover a lot of different spatial relationships. In this paper, we argue that there are benefits to understanding—and actions to distinguish—issues of scale from those of place and position. We illustrate our arguments with examples from the... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Governance; Institutions; Knowledge; Mekong; Politics; Scale; Science; Water resources. |
| Ano: 2005 |
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| Forys, Elizabeth A; Eckerd College; forysea@eckerd.edu; Allen, Craig R; University of Nebraska; allencr@unl.edu. |
| Sprawling development can affect species composition by increasing the rate of invasion by non-native species, and decreasing the persistence of native species. This paper briefly reviews the scientific literature on the impacts of sprawl on biological diversity, with specific emphasis on the influence of sprawl on non-native species richness. We then explore the relationship between sprawl and biodiversity using a data set of ant species collected from 46 habitat patches located in the increasingly suburbanized Florida Keys, USA. We quantified sprawl as the proximity of roads and amount of development surrounding a habitat patch. Using bait transects, we identified 24 native and 18 non-native species of ants. Neither the overall number of native species... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Extinctions; Exurban development; Florida; Invasions; Nestedness; Sprawl. |
| Ano: 2005 |
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| Registros recuperados: 13.863 | |
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