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Registros recuperados: 92
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OPENING GLOBAL MARKETS FOR AGRICULTURE: THE NEXT WTO ROUND AgEcon
Sumner, Daniel A..
More open international markets benefit the economy as a whole, as well as most U.S. agricultural producers. The Uruguay Round Agreement laid out a useful framework. Specifically addressed here is why the key to further liberalizing agricultural trade is reduction of tariffs as comprehensively and rapidly as politics will allow. Other issues such as export subsidies, tariff-rate quota quantities, and developing-country relationships are also important, especially while tariffs are coming down. Internal support rules have much less potential to liberalize trade. Finally, as the December 1999 World Trade Organization ministerial meeting in Seattle demonstrated, delay in the negotiation process threatens liberalization.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Agricultural policy; Agricultural trade; Commodity trade; Tariff-rate quotas; Tariffs; Trade negotiations; WTO; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14709
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Concessions and Exemptions for Developing Countries in the Agricultural Negotiations: The Role of the Special and Differential Treatment AgEcon
Bureau, Jean-Christophe; Jean, Sebastien; Matthews, Alan.
The main provisions of the special and differential treatment (SDT) granted to developing countries in the agriculture and food sector under the present World Trade Organization agreements are presented. The different provisions seem to have had a limited impact on developing countries, and revision is needed. The positions of the various developing countries regarding the SDT in the negotiations are summarized. Recent simulations of the consequences of a plausible agreement under the Doha negotiations suggest that there is a case for a special treatment for poorest countries, but also for a subset of countries that are likely to lose at multilateral liberalization, because of the erosion of existing preferences. Suggestions are made in order to make...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Developping countries; Agricultural trade; WTO; Trade preferences; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18858
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Estimated Impacts of a Potential U.S.-Mexico Preferential Trading Agreement for the Agricultural Sector AgEcon
Krissoff, Barry; Neff, Liana; Sharples, Jerry A..
We develop a three region - U.S., Mexico, and Rest-of-World - simulation model to analyze the effects on the agricultural sector of a potential preferential trading arrangement (PTA) between Mexico and the United States. The simulation exercises indicate that two-way agricultural trade increases and welfare improves in the United States and Mexico from a bilateral preferential agreement on agricultural products. Our results show that when border protection is eliminated by the United States and Mexico, bilateral agricultural trade expands by over 15 percent. Relative to the size of the two agricultural sectors, however, the overall impact is very small for the U.S. agricultural sector but there is a more significant adjustment for Mexican agriculture.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Preferential trading arrangements; Simulation model; Agricultural trade; United States and Mexico; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1992 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51135
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Internationaler Handel und multifunktionale Landwirtschaft : Ein Agrarsektormodell zur Analyse Politischer Optionen und Entscheidungsunterstutzung AgEcon
Weber, Gerald.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Agricultural sector; Policy analysis; Agricultural trade; Multifunctionality; External effects; Taxes; Subsidies; Sector modeling; International Relations/Trade; C61; C69; D62; H23; H41; Q71; Q18.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18824
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Informal barriers, agricultural trade, and the Euro Area AgEcon
Cheptea, Angela; Huchet-Bourdon, Marilyne.
PAPER REMOVED AT THE REQUEST OF THE AUTHOR - 10/18/07.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agricultural trade; Informal barriers; Monetary union; Gravity model.; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7816
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EXCHANGE RATE EFFECTS ON AGRICULTURAL TRADE AgEcon
Orden, David.
With sustained appreciation of the U.S. dollar over the past 4 years, the exchange rate has again taken on importance for agriculture. This overview paper revisits the analysis of exchange rate impacts, reviewing the relevant conceptual arguments, summarizing the evidence economists and agricultural economists have marshaled from the 1970s and the 1980s and from several more recent papers, presenting some illustrative recent empirical analysis of exchange rate effects, and briefly examining the detrimental consequences that sustained appreciation of the dollar is having on U.S. farm policy.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Agricultural policy; Agricultural trade; Exchange rate; International Relations/Trade; F31; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15466
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Agricultural trade for food security in Africa: A Ricardian model approach AgEcon
Diagne, Mandiaye; Abele, Steffen; Diagne, Aliou; Seck, Papa Abdoulaye.
Regionalism and food security is a relatively neglected topic with very limited literature. We use a Ricardian trade model with multiple goods and countries which embeds a structure of gravity equation and yield variability. Our study shows that integration with African markets of staple foods is associated with higher growth, underpinning the need for growth strategies to emphasize scaling up and diversifying exports within Africa. Africa needs to unlock its high potential untapped land and fill up the yield gap. We found as well that enhanced competitiveness and reduced barriers to trade are the two critical areas of action.
Tipo: Presentation Palavras-chave: Ricardian model; Yield variability; Agricultural trade; Staple foods; Africa; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123842
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Does the U.S. Midwest Have a Cost Advantage Over China in Producing Corn, Soybeans, and Hogs? AgEcon
Fang, Cheng; Fabiosa, Jacinto F..
China's accession to the World Trade Organization, a significant event for U.S. agricultural trade, has been viewed as benefitting U.S. farmers, especially midwestern farmers. This research compares the productivity and cost of production (COP) of China and the United States in producing corn, soybeans, and hogs. The results show that the U.S. Midwest (defined in this study as the Heartland region as classified by the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Economic Research Service) has a substantial advantage in land and labor productivities in producing corn and soybeans, especially compared to China's South and West producing regions. However, China's Northeast region, a major corn- and soybean-producing area, has a very competitive COP over the U.S. Midwest....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Agricultural trade; Competitiveness; Corn; Cost of production; Exchange rate; Hogs; Land policy; Productivity; Soybeans; U.S. Midwest versus China; Agricultural Finance; Production Economics; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18688
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GMO Testing Strategies and Implications for Trade: A Game Theoretic Approach AgEcon
Konduru, Srinivasa; Kalaitzandonakes, Nicholas G.; Magnier, Alexandre.
Since their commercial introduction in 1996, genetically modified (GM) crops have been quickly adopted world wide, but some GM crops/varieties have not received regulatory approval for use in some importing countries, leading to asynchronicity in regulatory approvals. In this context, the international agricultural trade relied on analytical GMO testing which is a statistical process, along with identity preserved systems to segregate GM and non-GM crops. This led to a situation where measurement uncertainty became an important issue as it can lead to potential holdups at the point of import. In this background, this paper examines the implications of measurement uncertainty associated with GMO testing on the behavior of importers and exporters in a game...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: GMO testing; Measurement uncertainty; Identity preservation systems; Agricultural trade; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49594
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PROJECTING WORLD FOOD DEMAND USING ALTERNATIVE DEMAND SYSTEMS AgEcon
Yu, Wusheng; Hertel, Thomas W.; Preckel, Paul V.; Eales, James S..
Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) models are increasingly being used to project world food markets in order to support forward-looking policy analysis. Such projections hinge critically on the underlying functional form for representing consumer demand. Simple functional forms can lead to unrealistic projections by failing to capture changes in income elasticities of demand. We adopt as our benchmark the recently introduced AIDADS demand system and compare it with several alternaive demand systems currently in widespread use in CGE models. This comparison is conducted in the context of projections for disaggregated global food demand using a global CGE model. We find that AIDADS represents a substantial improvement, particularly for the rapidly...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Food demand; Agricultural trade; Functional form; Demand system; CGE modeling; Demand and Price Analysis; D12; C68; F17; Q18.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25905
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Export Behaviour in the Chilean Agribusiness and Food Processing Industry Chilean J. Agric. Res.
Echeverría,Rodrigo; Gopinath,Munisamy.
This paper analyzes the export-behavior of Chilean agribusiness and food processing firms and the relative importance of firm-specific and geographic characteristics in this behavior. Using firm level data and regional geographic indicators, a dynamic model was used to study the export decisions and the export intensity of three industries: processing fish, processing fruits and vegetables, and wine production. Results showed that determinants of exporting behavior vary among the three industries, except the effect of sunk costs, which strongly impacts the export decisions of all analyzed industries. This implies that firms with prior export experience will have higher probability of exporting in the future. Foreign ownership positively impacts the export...
Tipo: Journal article Palavras-chave: Agricultural trade; Export decision; Export intensity; Geography.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392008000400007
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A characterization of Chilean farmers based on their market-production orientation Ciencia e Investigación Agraria
Echeverría,Rodrigo; Moreira,Víctor; Barrena,José; Gopinath,Munisamy.
Chile's open trade policy, implemented during the last few decades, has greatly transformed Chilean farmers and their production systems. As a result, farmers can be grouped into three categories based on their market-production orientation: domestic, transitional or export producers. The objective of this paper is to analyze the factors underlying the decision to produce for a particular market and compare the three groups of farmers based on data from the 2007 agricultural census. A generalized ordered logit model was used to analyze different methods of production, and non-parametric methods were used to compare the groups. Results show that some farmers change categories in sequence; farmers that produce for the domestic market can later produce for...
Tipo: Journal article Palavras-chave: Agricultural trade; Export production; Generalized ordered logit model; Market.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000200002
Registros recuperados: 92
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