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| Registros recuperados: 205 | |
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| Moran, Dominic; MacLeod, Michael J.; Wall, Eileen; Eory, Vera; McVittie, Alistair; Barnes, Andrew Peter; Rees, Robert; Topp, Cairistiona; Moxey, Andrew. |
| This paper addresses the challenge of developing a ‘bottom-up’ marginal abatement cost curve (MACC) for greenhouse gas emissions from UK agriculture. A MACC illustrates the costs of specific crop, soil, and livestock abatement measures against a ‘‘business as usual’’ scenario. The results indicate that in 2022 under a specific policy scenario, around 5.38 MtCO2 equivalent (e) could be abated at negative or zero cost. A further 17% of agricultural GHG emissions (7.85 MtCO2e) could be abated at a lower unit cost than the UK Government’s 2022 shadow price of carbon (£34 (tCO2e)-1). The paper discusses a range of methodological hurdles that complicate cost-effectiveness appraisal of abatement in agriculture relative to other sectors. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Marginal abatement costs; Agriculture; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q52; Q 54; Q58. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91399 |
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| Rigby, Dan; Burton, Michael P.; Young, Trevor. |
| The dispute between the US and EU over GM foods at the WTO is examined in terms of the issues it raises about protectionism, environmental protection and precaution. The issue of whether GM, GM Derived and Non-GM foods are equivalent to each other is examined using data from a national choice modelling study in the UK. These categories of food are critical since they underpin the EU's new food labelling regime which it hoped would defuse the WTO dispute. The results are analysed using a Bayesian mixed logit model which allows greater flexibility in the modelling of preference distributions than that allowed through classical estimation. The Bayesian approach allows the use of censored normal and Johnson's SB distributions which can accommodate a bounded... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: GM food; Mixed logit; WTP; Bayesian; WTO; International Relations/Trade; Q51; Q55; Q56; Q58. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25503 |
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| Boyd, James; Banzhaf, H. Spencer. |
| This paper advocates consistently defined units of account to measure the contributions of nature to human welfare. We argue that such units have to date not been defined by environmental accounting advocates and that the term "ecosystem services" is too ad hoc to be of practical use in welfare accounting. We propose a definition, rooted in economic principles, of ecosystem service units. A goal of these units is comparability with the definition of conventional goods and services found in GDP and the other national accounts. We illustrate our definition of ecological units of account with concrete examples. We also argue that these same units of account provide an architecture for environmental performance measurement by governments, conservancies, and... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Environmental accounting; Ecosystem services; Index theory; Nonmarket valuation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q51; Q57; Q58; D6. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10586 |
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| Jiahua, Pan; Yan, Zheng; Markandya, Anil. |
| Climate change poses great risks for China, which makes adaptation an essential response. However, adaptation planning and implementation are still at a preliminary stage with respect to the theoretical framework and methodology. This article focuses on the status, problems and basic needs as regards adaptation to climate change, and outlines the operational framework that the government is seeking to pursue for China’s adapting to climate change. The conclusion is that, to satisfy the basic needs of development, it is necessary to clarify development-oriented and incremental adaptation. Furthermore measures to enhance adaptive capacity can be classified as infrastructure-based, technology-based and institutional. Lastly the authors stress the importance... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Incremental adaptation; Development-oriented adaptation; Approaches for adaptation; Economic analysis of adaptation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q54; Q56; Q58. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117619 |
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| Bao, Qin; Tang, Ling; Zhang, ZhongXiang; Qiao, Han; Wang, Shouyang. |
| Carbon-based border tax adjustments (BTAs) have recently been proposed by some OECD countries to level the carbon playing field and target major emerging economies. This paper applies a multi-sector dynamic computable general equilibrium (CGE) model to estimate the impacts of the BTAs implemented by US and EU on China’s sectoral carbon emissions. The results indicate that BTAs will cut down export prices and transmit the effects to the whole economy, reducing sectoral output-demands from both supply side and demand side. On the supply side, sectors might substitute away from exporting toward domestic market, increasing sectoral supply; while on the demand side, the domestic income may be strikingly cut down due to the decrease in export price, decreasing... |
| Tipo: Working Paper |
Palavras-chave: Border Carbon Tax Adjustments; Computable General Equilibrium Model; Carbon Emissions; Environmental Economics and Policy; D58; F18; Q43; Q48; Q52; Q54; Q56; Q58. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120044 |
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| Safirova, Elena; Walls, Margaret. |
| In this paper, we analyze the 2002 Telework Survey conducted by the Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG). Being a relatively recent and large dataset, the survey captures the current state of telecommuting, covering the entire region with a population of 17 million residents, and is not biased by telecommuting policies of particular employees. The survey also distinguishes telecommuters from home-based business owners and therefore provides a more accurate account of the number of telecommuters. Our analysis focuses on the role of demographic characteristics, such as age, gender, ethnicity, household income, presence of children in the household and household size affect the workers' propensity to telecommute. We also look into the... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Telecommuting; SCAG survey; Labor and Human Capital; R4; Q53; Q58. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10866 |
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| Christie, Mike; Colman, Oliver. |
| Current government guidelines for the appraisal of coastal defence projects in the UK do not require that non-market amenity benefits to be considered . However, a new option in coastal defence, namely multi-purpose reefs, provides an opportunity to integrate coastal defence with significant amenity provision. This paper reports the findings of a choice experiment study that evaluated the amenity benefits of four alternative coastal defence systems currently being considered for Borth in west Wales. The results indicate that traditional coastal defence options such as timber and rock groynes do not generate amenity benefits, while a multipurpose reef would generate significant benefits in terms of improvements in the visual appeal of the beach, safer... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Choice experiments; Amenity value; Coastal defence; Multi-purpose reef; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q26; Q51; Q58. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25541 |
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| Fischer, Carolyn. |
| Policies to promote energy efficiency in household appliances have different impacts, depending on the structure of market supply. If provision is perfectly competitive, markets will offer the variety of energy efficiency levels that consumers demand. However, if producers can price discriminate, using energy intensity to help segment consumer demand, consumers of low-end appliances are offered too little energy efficiency so that high-end consumers can be charged more for efficient appliances. Minimum energy efficiency standards can then improve welfare. We also consider average intensity standards, energy prices, and innovation and identify important differences in their effects on energy intensity, welfare, and consumers, depending on market structures.... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Energy efficiency; Appliance; Standards; Price discrimination; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q40; Q55; Q58; O3. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10473 |
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| Registros recuperados: 205 | |
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