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Modelling of the Demand Relations within the Commodity Chain: Application on the Wheat Commodity Chain in the Czech Republic AgEcon
Blazkova, Ivana.
The paper is focused on formulation of demand relations in the commodity chain. Created model respects interdependence and interconnection of particular stages within the food commodity chain – it takes into account the fact that secondary demand function is formed not only by particular prices but also by level of demand on vertical previous market. The functions of primary consumer demand for final products and the functions of derived demands at the level of retail, processing and agricultural production are modeled. The wheat commodity chain in the Czech Republic is chosen for the application. Statistical verification of the model and derivation of standard characteristics of market subjects’ behaviour (elasticities) are made. The model shows that...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Commodity chain; Vertical demand system; Demand interconnection; Primary demand; Secondary demand; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59195
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MODELING YIELD DISTRIBUTION IN HIGH RISK COUNTIES: APPLICATION TO TEXAS UPLAND COTTON AgEcon
Chen, Shu-Ling; Miranda, Mario J..
Very little attention has been given to the modeling of yield distribution for crops and regions in which yields exhibit irregular behavior. We undertake a statistical case study of Texas upland cotton and propose an alternative mixture distribution based on regime-switching model in which the conditional distribution of yield depends upon an observable drought index. The results show that the mixture distribution model provides a better fit to the data than conventional parametric distributions and produces higher implied premium rates than the current published Group Risk Plan insurance rates in more than two-thirds of Texas counties examined.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21392
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Actuarial evaluation of the EU proposed farm income stabilisation tool AgEcon
Pigeon, Mathieu; Frahan, Bruno Henry de; Denuit, Michel.
Recently, the European Commission proposed to introduce several risk management tools in the rural development pillar 2 of the CAP. One of them consists in providing co-financing support to mutual funds compensating farmers who experience a severe drop in their farm income. This paper analyses this new farm income stabilization tool for the Walloon region in Belgium, considering separately three groups of farms (crop, dairy and cattle farms). Relying on FADN data from 1997 to 2007, this analysis focuses on estimating the probability that such regional mutual funds would need to intervene to compensate farm net incomes and, in that case, the expected amount of each farm income compensation and the total expected amount of compensation. The budgetary...
Tipo: Presentation Palavras-chave: Agricultural risk management; Income stabilisation; Belgium; European Union; Risk and Uncertainty; D81; Q12; Q18..
Ano: 2012 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122485
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ZUR QUANTIFIZIERUNG DES BASISRISIKOS VON WETTERDERIVATEN AgEcon
Musshoff, Oliver; Odening, Martin; Xu, Wei.
Es ist seit langem bekannt, dass das Wetter den Hauptunsicherheitsfaktor in der pflanzlichen Produktion darstellt. Seit einiger Zeit wird der Einsatz von Wetterderivaten zur Absicherung gegen wetterbedingte Ertragsschwankungen diskutiert. In diesem Beitrag wird am Beispiel ei-nes getreideproduzierenden Betriebes in Brandenburg unter Verwendung von realen Ertrags- und Wetterdaten mit Hilfe einer stochastischen Simulation die risikomindernde Wirkung quan-tifiziert, die durch den Einsatz von Niederschlagsoptionen erzielt werden kann. Dabei wird die Hedging-Effektivität durch das Kontraktdesign (Index, Strike-Preis, Tick-Size) gesteuert. Das Basisrisiko der Produktion und das geografische Basisrisiko verbleiben jedoch in jedem Fall beim Landwirt. Ziel ist es,...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14947
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DO PRODUCER RISK ATTITUDES EFFECT THE SIZING OF ON-FARM HARVEST, DRYING, AND STORAGE SYSTEMS? AgEcon
Davis, Todd D.; Patrick, George F..
An on-farm harvest, drying and storage system simulation model is used to determine how producers' risk attitudes effect combine and dryer capacity. Stochastic dominance determines the risk efficient combine and dryer set for a 2000 acre farm in central Indiana. Capacities decrease as risk aversion increases.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 1999 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21640
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MANAGING DAIRY PROFIT RISK USING WEATHER DERIVATIVES AgEcon
Chen, Gang; Roberts, Matthew C.; Thraen, Cameron S..
Replaced with revised version of paper 05/26/04.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18971
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Joint Estimation of Risk Preferences and Technology: Flexible Utility of Futility? AgEcon
Lence, Sergio H..
The present study sets up a thought experiment calibrated to represent risks of a high-risk production activity (farming), and investigating whether the structure of risk aversion (i.e., the changes in absolute or relative risk aversion associated with changes in wealth) can be estimated with reasonable precision. Findings strongly suggest that typical production data are unlikely to allow identification of the structure of risk aversion. A flexible utility parameterization is found to worsen technology parameter estimates. Findings also indicate that even under a restricted utility specification, the quality of utility parameters estimated from small samples is very poor.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Expected utility; Risk preferences; Production analysis; Risk attitudes.; Risk and Uncertainty; C13; D24; D81; Q12..
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9980
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An Empirical Investigation of the Impacts of Government Program Payments on Farmland Rental Rates AgEcon
Qiu, Feng; Gervais, Jean-Philippe; Goodwin, Barry K..
The paper investigates the capitalizations of aggregate and disaggregate government subsidies into farmland rental rates using selection bias correction models. It investigates cash as well as share rental rates, which are largely used in US agriculture. The empirical results suggest that government subsidies have large significant effects on rental rates. More specifically, we find that landlords capture 37%-38% of the aggregate subsidies under cash leases, and 86%-88% under share contracts. Disaggregate farm programs are also found to have different impacts on rental rates according to the types of programs and leasing arrangements.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Land Economics/Use; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61340
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Current Issues in Crop Insurance (PowerPoint) AgEcon
Anderson, Richard.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Crop insurance; Risk; Risk Management Agency; Risk and Uncertainty; D81.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48909
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Análise dos Resultados de Operações de Hedging com Contratos Futuros de Boi Gordo da BM&F: 2001 a 2006 AgEcon
Alves, Alexandre Florindo; Serra, Marco Henrique.
O presente estudo tem como objetivo, usando simulações, analisar as operações de hedge com contratos de boi gordo da Bolsa de Mercadorias & Futuros (BM&F). As simulações compreenderam o período de 2001 a 2006, sendo que em todos os anos os contratos simulados são do mesmo vencimento, outubro com entrada na operação no mês de março, em três estados diferentes: São Paulo, Paraná e Mato Grosso do Sul. A estratégia de utilização do mercado futuro mostrou-se viável, desde que acompanhada do conhecimento de fatores que interferem no mecanismo de comercialização: o comportamento da base e do risco de base em cada região. O conhecimento e o acompanhamento destes fatores, através dos anos, tem fundamental importância na tomada de decisão para operações no...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Boi gordo; Contratos futuros; Simulações; Hedge; Live cattle; Futures contracts; Simulations; Hedge; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/102471
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The SURE Program: An Investigation of Moral Hazard Opportunities and Adverse Selection Effects AgEcon
Bekkerman, Anton; Smith, Vincent H.; Watts, Myles J..
The Supplemental Revenue Assistance Payments (SURE) program, introduced in the 2008 Farm Bill, provides disaster aid payments to producers in counties eligible for disaster payments and individual producers with crop production losses that exceed 50% of their expected yields. We show that the program’s "rules of the game" create moral hazard and adverse selection incentives. Then, we empirically analyze possible moral hazard and adverse selection behavior in response to the SURE program by corn, soybean, and wheat producers. Results suggest that recent increases in crop insurance participation may be due to increased moral hazard and adverse selection incentives.
Tipo: Presentation Palavras-chave: Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124178
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Switching to Perennial Energy Crops under Uncertainty and Costly Reversibility AgEcon
Song, Feng; Zhao, Jinhua; Swinton, Scott M..
We study a farmer’s decision to convert traditional crop land into growing dedicated energy crops, taking in account sunk conversion costs, uncertainties in traditional and energy crop returns, and learning. The optimal decision rules differ significantly from the expected net present value rule, which ignores learning, and from real option models that allow only one way conversions into energy crops. These models also predict drastically different patterns of land conversions into and out of energy crops over time. Using corn-soybean rotations and switchgrass as examples, we show that the model predictions are sensitive to assumptions about stochastic processes of the returns. Government policies might have unintended consequences: subsidizing conversion...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Real options; Irreversibility; Sunk costs; Land conversion; Biofuel; Cellulosic biomass; Dynamic modeling; Stochastic process; Biofuel policy; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty; Q42; Q24.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56195
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A Whole Farm Analysis of the Influence of Auto-Steer Navigation on Net Returns, Risk, and Production Practices AgEcon
Shockley, Jordan M.; Dillon, Carl R.; Stombaugh, Timothy S..
A whole farm economic analysis was conducted to provide a detailed assessment into the economic, risk, and production implications due to the adoption of auto-steer navigation. It was determined that auto-steer navigation was profitable for a grain farmer in Kentucky with net returns increasing up to 0.90% ($3.35/acre). Additionally, the technology could be used in reducing production risk. Adoption of the technology also alters production practices for optimal use.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Economics; Farm management; Mean-variance; Precision agriculture; Simulation; Farm Management; Risk and Uncertainty; C61; C63; D81; Q12; Q16.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100640
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Editors' Report - February 7, 2011 AgEcon
Marchant, Mary A.; Bosch, Darrell J..
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113516
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THE REPRESENTATION OF RISK IN ECONOMETRIC MODELS OF SUPPLY: SOME OBSERVATIONS AgEcon
Brennan, John P..
The high correlation between many of the measures used to represent risk in econometric models of supply is demonstrated. A case is made for a very simple measure, the moving range, to be used to represent risk in these models.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 1982 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22606
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Catastrophic crop insurance effectiveness: does it make a difference how yield losses are conditioned? AgEcon
Bokusheva, Raushan; Conradt, Sarah.
The study evaluates the effectiveness of a catastrophic drought-index insurance developed by applying two alternative methods - the standard regression analysis and the copula approach. Most empirical analyses obtain estimates of the dependence of crop yields on weather by employing linear regression. By doing so, they assume that the sensitivity of yields to weather remains constant over the whole distribution of the weather variable and can be captured by the effect of the weather index on the yield conditional mean. In our study we evaluate, whether the prediction of farm yield losses can be done more accurately by conditioning yields on extreme realisations of a weather index. Therefore, we model the dependence structure between yields and weather by...
Tipo: Presentation Palavras-chave: Catastrophic insurance; Weather-based insurance; Copula; Risk and Uncertainty; C18; Q14.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122443
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Modeling and Pricing Rain Risk AgEcon
Musshoff, Oliver; Odening, Martin; Xu, Wei.
In this paper we price a precipitation option based on empirical weather data from Germany using different pricing methods, among them Burn Analysis, Index Value Simulation and Daily Simulation. For that purpose we develop a daily precipitation model. Moreover, a decorrelation analysis is proposed to assess the spatial basis risk that is inherent to rainfall derivatives. The models are applied to precipitation data in Brandenburg, Germany. Based on simplifying assumptions of the production function, we quantify and compare the risk exposure of grain producers with and without rainfall insurance. It turns out that a considerable risk remains with producers who are remotely located from the weather station. Another finding is that significant differences may...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Weather risk; Weather derivatives; Precipitation model; Basis risk; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty; C8; Q14; Q54.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25386
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Drought impacts and potential for their mitigation in southern and western Afghanistan AgEcon
Bhattacharyya, Kamal; Azizi, Pir Mohammad; Shobair, Sayed Sharif; Mohsini, Mohammad Yasin.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Drought; Rain; Water scarcity; Irrigation water; Domestic water; Crops; Forests; Pastures; Watersheds; Water harvesting; Crop Production/Industries; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92659
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Willingness to Pay for Traceable Meat Attributes: A Meta-analysis AgEcon
Cicia, Gianni; Colantuoni, Francesca.
Several researches evaluated consumers’ Willingness To Pay (WTP) for each meat traceable attribute, generating a great deal of information in this regard, although specific to the conditions of each study. In light of this, WTP estimates for traceability characteristics differ across the literature, leading sometimes to contrasting interpretations. Seeking a full, meaningful statistical description of the findings of a collection of studies, the meta-analysis allows us to analyze consistency across studies and control for factors thought to drive variations in WTP estimates. The meta-analysis has been conducted using 23 studies that, in aggregate, report 88 valuations for WTP. Our results, aside from releasing unconditional information on the WTP for...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Meta-analysis; Food traceability; Willingness to Pay; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Production Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97028
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Harvest Cost and Value of Citrus Operations with Alternative Technology: Real Options Approach AgEcon
Iwai, Nobuyuki; Emerson, Robert D.; Roka, Fritz M..
The prospect of immigration policy reform has renewed growers’ concerns of serious labor shortages and cost increases. These concerns are more serious for specialty crop agriculture, not only because it is highly labor intensive, but also it requires labor in a very short period, particularly at harvest time. Two representative approaches of the investment valuation have been applied to the case of harvesting mechanization for the model citrus grower in Florida. Specifically, we applied the NPV approach and the real options approach (ROA) to processed-market Hamlin orange operations in Southwest Florida.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Real options; NPV; Mechanization; Immigration policy; Harvest cost; Citrus operations; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Farm Management; Labor and Human Capital; Risk and Uncertainty; Q14 – Agricultural Finance; J43 – Agricultural Labor Markets.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49942
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