SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Sandri, Damiano; Valenzuela, Ernesto; Anderson, Kym.

Explaining National Border Effects in the Quad Food Trade

Palavras-chave: Distorted incentives; Agricultural and trade policy reforms; National agricultural development; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; Q17; Q18.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48435

Olper, Alessandro; Raimondi, Valentina.

Starting from a theoretically consistent gravity model, this paper first provides estimates of bilateral 'border effects' in food trade among Quad countries (Canada, USA, Japan and EU) at the ISIC 4-digit level. Then, it investigates the underlying reasons of border effect, assessing the role played by policy barriers (tariffs and non-tariff barriers) with respect to barriers unrelated to trade policy, such as information related costs and cultural proximity. In contrast with several previous findings, we show that policy barriers are part of the story in explaining the strong trade reduction effect induced by national borders, and this is especially true when we control for the endogeneity of trade policy to imports, as suggested by political economy...

Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment of OECD Countries 1991-2001

Palavras-chave: Border effect; Food trade; Market access; Gravity; QUAD countries; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; Q17.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25467

Gast, Michael W..

Using a fixed-effects panel data approach, FDI flows of 22 OECD countries are explained by gravity equations over the period 1991-2001. It is distinguished between all available observations, Intra-EU25 observations only, and observations not belonging to the EU25 area in order to control for EU-specific effects. Regressions are repeated with exports as dependent variable in order to capture diverging influences for trade flows. Changes in total market size and relative market size are important factors that lead both FDI and exports in the same direction. However, relative market size is only significant in the FDI equation when variation between the EU25 area and other investment is taken into account, thus indicating a concentration of FDI within...

Assessing the Competitiveness of EU Mediterranean Fisheries and Aquaculture Industries

Palavras-chave: Foreign direct investment and international trade; Multinational firms; Model with panel data; Agricultural Finance; F21; F23; F14; C23.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24595

Polymeros, Konstantinos; Tsakiridou, Efthimia; Mattas, Konstadinos.

An attempt is made to evaluate the competitiveness of the fisheries and aquaculture industries of some Mediterranean countries. Revealed Comparative Advantage indices of Italian, French, Greek, Portuguese and Spanish fish products are estimated, in order to gain new insights regarding the position of these products in the market of the European Union, in terms of competitiveness. In addition, this study sheds light on the evolution of competitiveness over the last decade. The estimated Comparative Advantage indices reveal that there is a wide range of competitiveness among fish products in Mediterranean countries. In addition, almost all countries alter their competitive ranking throughout the study period. Consequently, Mediterranean fisheries and...

Liberalizing Trade, and its Impact on Poverty and Inequality in Nicaragua

Palavras-chave: Competitiveness; Exports; Fish products; Mediterranean countries; Livestock Production/Industries; Q17; Q22; F14.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56004

Sanchez, Marco V.; Vos, Rob.

The Doha Round of multilateral trade negotiations stalled in 2008 owing in no small degree to a lack of agreement on the terms of substantially reducing trade-distorting support for agricultural products and to what extent this would be beneficial to developing countries. Nicaragua presents an interesting case in point, being one of the poorest economies in Latin America with still a relatively large agricultural sector and high degrees of rural poverty. In 2005, the country signed a free trade agreement with the United States. A previous study showed that most welfare gains of this agreement for Nicaragua would potentially come from the increased market access for textiles and clothing exported to the United States. Under the agreement, the country stands...

Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Asia

Palavras-chave: Distorted incentives; Agricultural and trade policy reforms; National agricultural development; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; Q17; Q18.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52796

Anderson, Kym; Martin, William J..

Trade, Standards and Poverty. Evidence from Senegal

Palavras-chave: Distorted incentives; Agricultural and trade policy reforms; National agricultural development; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; Q17; Q18.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48557

Maertens, Miet; Swinnen, Johan F.M..

The debate on trade and poverty is reinforced by recent studies on the role of standards. It is argued that increasing standards act as trade barriers for developing countries and cause further marginalization of the poor. This paper is the first to quantify income and poverty effects of such high-standards trade and to integrate labor market effects, by using company and household survey data from the vegetable export chain in Senegal. We find that exports have grown sharply despite increasing standards, resulting in important income gains and poverty reduction. Our estimates indicate that poverty is 14 % points lower due to vegetable exports. Tightening food standards induced a shift from smallholder contract-based farming to large-scale integrated...

Dynamic Interrelationships between the U.S. Agricultural Trade Balance and the Macroeconomy

Palavras-chave: Trade; Poverty; Standards; Vertical coordination; Contract farming; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; F14; F16; I3; Q12; Q13; Q17.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7924

Baek, Jungho; Koo, Won W..

The effects of the exchange rate and the income and money supply of the United States and its major trading partners on the U.S. agricultural trade balance are examined using an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model. Results suggest that the exchange rate is the key determinant of the short-and long-run behavior of the trade balance. It is also found that the income and money supply in both the United States and the trading partners have significant impacts on U.S. agricultural trade in both the short and long run.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Agricultural trade balance; Autoregressive distributed lag model; Exchange rate; Income; Macroeconomy; Money supply; International Relations/Trade; C32; F14; Q17.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6301

Who are the Real Gainers of Trade Liberalization in Kenya's Maize Sector?

Nzuma, Jonathan M.; Sarker, Rakhal.

In Kenya, trade policy reforms in the cereals sector were initiated as a key component of the economy-wide structural adjustment programmes (SAPs) during the mid 1980s. The SAPs were later strengthened and made irreversible by Kenya’s commitments at the multilateral trade negotiations. However, the welfare effects of these trade policy reforms remain controversial. This paper to quantifies the market and welfare impacts of trade liberalization in Kenya’s maize sector using a partial equilibrium model with market interrelationships at the farm, wholesale and retail levels. The model is calibrated to simulate a 24 percent reduction in maize import tariffs and a complete abolition of tariffs. The simulations results suggest that tariff reductions yield price...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Trade liberalization; Maize; Partial equilibrium analysis; Welfare effects; Crop Production/Industries; International Relations/Trade; F14; F16; I32; C68; O24; Q12.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95972

Agricultural Distortion Patterns Since the 1950s: What Needs Explaining?

Anderson, Kym; Croser, Johanna L.; Sandri, Damiano; Valenzuela, Ernesto.

This paper summarizes a new database that sheds light on the impact of trade-related policy developments over the past half century on distortions to agricultural incentives and thus also to consumer prices for food in 75 countries spanning the per capita income spectrum. Price-support policies of advanced economies hurt not only domestic consumers and exporters of other products but also foreign producers and traders of farm products, and they reduce national and global economic welfare. On the other hand, the governments of many developing countries have directly taxed their farmers over the past half-century, both directly (e.g., export taxes) and also indirectly via overvaluing their currency and restricting imports of manufactures. Thus the price...

ECONOMIC AND TRADE INDICATORS FOR AFRICA, 1960 TO 2004

Palavras-chave: Distorted incentives; Agricultural and trade policy reforms; National agricultural development; Political economy; Agricultural price and trade policies; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; Q17; Q18; F59; H20; N50; O13.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50305

Sandri, Damiano; Valenzuela, Ernesto; Anderson, Kym.

Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Cameroon

Palavras-chave: Distorted incentives; Agricultural and trade policy reforms; National agricultural development; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; Q17; Q18.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48467

Bamou, Ernest; Masters, William A..

Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Korea and Taiwan

Palavras-chave: Distorted incentives; Agricultural and trade policy reforms; National agricultural development; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; Q17; Q18.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48518

Honma, Masayoshi; Hayami, Yujiro.

Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Nicaragua

Palavras-chave: Distorted incentives; Agricultural and trade policy reforms; National agricultural development; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; Q17; Q18.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48479

Berthelon, Matias; Kruger, Diana; Saavedra, Diana.

The Global Competitiveness of the North American Livestock Industry

Palavras-chave: Distorted incentives; Agricultural and trade policy reforms; National agricultural development; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; Q17; Q18.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48433

Adcock, Flynn J.; Hudson, Darren; Rosson, C. Parr, III; Harris, Harold M., Jr.; Herndon, Cary W., Jr..

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Livestock Production/Industries; F14; Q17.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94385

2011 Updated Arkansas Global Rice Model

Wailes, Eric J.; Chavez, Eddie C..

The Arkansas Global Rice Model is based on a multi-country statistical simulation and econometric framework. The model is disaggregated by five world regions: Africa, the Americas, Asia, Europe, and Oceania. Each region includes country models which have a supply sector, a demand sector, a trade, stocks and price linkage equations. All equations used in this model are estimated using econometric procedures or identities. Estimates are based upon a set of explanatory variables including exogenous macroeconomic factors such as income, population, inflation rate, technology development, and especially, government determined policy variables which reflect the various mechanisms by which countries intervene in their rice sector economy. Individual country...

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Rice; Trade model; Policy; Agricultural and Food Policy; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; CO2; C61; F11; F14; Q17; Q18.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/102650

Analisi dei flussi commerciali dei prodotti ittici tra l'UE e i suoi partner mediterranei

Spagnolo, Massimo.

The purpose of this paper is the analysis of fishery products exchange between the EU and its Mediterranean partners. In order to delineate more clearly the framework of trade in fish products among the Mediterranean countries, EU and non-EU members, countries under analysis (only those with a Mediterranean shore) will be divided into 4 groups:  PMM, EU Mediterranean members (France, Greece, Italy, Spain, Cyprus, Malta and Slovenia);  PCM, candidate Mediterranean countries (Croatia and Turkey);  PPCM, potential candidate Mediterranean countries (Albania and Montenegro);  PTM, third Mediterranean countries (Algeria, Egypt, Israel, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Syria, Palestinian Authority and Tunisia). In addition to the more recent political agreements...

Price Discrimination and Market Power in Export Markets: The Case of the Ceramic Tile Industry

Palavras-chave: Regional Trade Agreements; Tariff Scheme; Fish Products Exchange; EU Mediterranean Partners; F13; F14.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48197

Requena Silvente, Francisco.

This paper combines the pricing-to-market equation and the residual demand elasticity equation to measure the extent of competition in the export markets of ceramic tiles, which has been dominated by Italian and Spanish producers since the late eighties. The findings show that the tile exporters enjoyed substantial market power over the period 1988-1998, and limited evidence that the export market has become more competitive over time.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Price discrimination; Market power; Export markets; Ceramic tile industry; F14; L13; L61.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37143

Comparative Advantages, Transaction Costs and Factor Content of Agricultural Trade: Empirical Evidence from CEE

Kancs, d'Artis; Ciaian, Pavel; Pokrivcak, Jan.

The present study examines factor content of the CEE transition country agricultural trade. We examine the relative country abundance for labour, capital and land, and test the Heckscher-Ohlin-Vanek (HOV) hypothesis. Our empirical findings suggest that the factor content of agricultural exports and imports is rather similar in CEE and most of the agricultural trade flows do not satisfy the HOV prediction. In order to explain the general lack of agricultural specialisation and the observed paradox in the CEE's agricultural trade, we examine the role of transaction costs and market imperfections. We find that transaction costs and market imperfections distort farm specialisation and hence factor content of agricultural trade.

Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Madagascar

Palavras-chave: Factor Content; Agricultural Trade; Comparative Advantages; Transaction Cost; Agricultural and Food Policy; F12; F14; D23; Q12; Q17.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/115421

Maret, Fenohasina.