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Institutionelle Grundlagen der Agrarprotektion: Eine polit-ökonomische Analyse der Agrarpolitik in den Mittel- und Osteuropäischen Ländern AgEcon
Henning, Christian H.C.A.; Krause, Kim Carolin; Struve, Carsten.
The impact of political institutions, e.g. the organization of legislature, election and party systems, on agricultural protection has hardly been taken into account explicitly in theoretical and empirical studies, yet. In this framework the paper investigates to what extent political institutions explain observed variances in the political power of the agrarian population in the ten Central and Eastern European Countries / Candidates (CEEC) applying for an accession to the EU. Moreover, it is analyzed to what extent EU-accession will be politically feasible given the specific political and economic framework conditions of the individual states. In particular, empirical analyses imply the following results: (i) The political power of the agrarian...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Formal model of legislative decision-making; Political economy of GAP; EU-enlargement; Agricultural and Food Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Political Economy.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97979
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Environmentally-Oriented Innovative Strategies and Firm Performances in Services. Micro-Evidence from Italy AgEcon
Cainelli, Giulio; Mazzanti, Massimiliano; Zoboli, Roberto.
This paper aims at analysing the role of the environment in innovative strategies based on firm economic performance indicators such as employment, turnover, and labour productivity growth. We exploit a unique dataset of 773 Italian service firms with 20 or more employees comprising 1993-1995 CIS II data on firm innovation strategic motivations and 1995-1998 data on employment, turnover, and labour productivity from the System of the Enterprise Account (SEA). We specify a Gibrat-like empirical model in which the covariates include firm strategies (innovation and environmental), and a set of other explanatory variables and controls. Our econometric findings show a negative link between environmental motivations and growth in employment and turnover and a...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Services; Firm Environmental Strategies; Firm Growth; CIS Survey; Innovation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; C23; D21; O32; Q55.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6922
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Effects of Family, Friends, and Relative Prices on Fruit and Vegetable Consumption by African American Youths AgEcon
Zhylyevskyy, Oleksandr; Jensen, Helen H.; Garasky, Steven B.; Cutrona, Carolyn E.; Gibbons, Frederick X..
Paper for presentation at the Northeastern Agricultural & Resource Economics Association’s Workshop on Economics and Child Nutrition Programs, AAEA & NAREA Joint Annual Meeting, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, July 23, 2011.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Fruit and vegetable consumption; Healthy food choices; Social interactions; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; I12; J15; C35; Q18.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/107086
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More Trust Instead of More Vertical Integration in the German Pork Production? Empirical Evidence and Theoretical Considerations AgEcon
Schulze, Birgit; Spiller, Achim; Theuvsen, Ludwig.
It is often hypothesized that contracts and vertical integration are paramount for the future competitiveness of meat supply chains. In this paper we review empirical evidence and theoretical reflections underlying this argumentation. We confront the contract and integration hypothesis with transaction cost considerations taking into account current technological and institutional developments and results from a survey in German pig production. It is concluded that more trust and commitment in non-contractual long-term relationships may be a viable alternative to stricter vertical coordination in meat supply chains.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Pig-pork-chain; Transaction cost economics; Supplier relationship management; Agribusiness; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7756
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Linking Forests and Economic Well-Being: A Four-Quadrant Approach AgEcon
Wang, Sen; DesRoches, C. Tyler; Sun, Lili; Stennes, Brad; Wilson, Bill; van Kooten, G. Cornelis.
This paper has three main objectives: (1) to investigate whether the four-quadrant approach introduced by Maini (2003) reveals a useful typology for grouping countries by GDP and forest cover per capita, (2) to determine if the framework can enhance our understanding of the relationship between forest cover and GDP per capita, and (3) to investigate why countries in the four-quadrant world occupy different quadrants, and to determine the principal factors affecting country-movement across and within the individual quadrants. The examination reveals that countries can be classified into four broad categories, and that GDP and forest cover per capita have a low but consistent level of negative association. After regressing economic, institutional, social...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Economic well-being; Forest cover; Institutions; Corruption; Education; Environmental Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; G00; I20; Q23.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37036
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GOVERNMENT VS. ANARCHY: MODELING THE EVOLUTION OF INSTITUTIONS AgEcon
Mittenzwei, Klaus; Bullock, David S..
This paper gives a general mathematical definition of an institution, and presents an explicit formal method by which to incorporate institutions in a standard general equilibrium model. We illustrate our concept using a modified Prisoner's dilemma game in which property rights over natural resources emerge from an anarchy-like state of nature. Two players decide voluntarily and non-cooperatively whether to give up some fraction of their personal resource to set up an enforcement mechanism that punishes defecting players (i.e., players that do not opt to cooperate). This enforcement mechanism constitutes a credible threat, and is central to the establishment of bilateral cooperation (i.e, government). We highlight the importance of imperfect...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Institutions; Imperfect Information; Property Rights; Decision Making; Social Games; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession; C72; D7; D81.
Ano: 1999 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21496
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Gender analysis and reform of irrigation management: concepts, cases, and gaps in knowledge; Proceedings of the Workshop of Gender and Water, 15-19 September 1997, Habarana, Sri Lanka AgEcon
Tipo: Presentation Palavras-chave: Gender; Privatization; Irrigation management; Women in development; Property rights; Water scarcity; Developing countries; Agricultural production; Water resources; Water rights; Poverty; Policy; Economic aspects; Land tenure; Legislation; Rice; Water users' associations; Irrigated farming; Planning; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Public Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 1998 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118416
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FOREIGN TRADE AND TRANSITION PROCESS IN AGRI-FOOD SECTOR OF UKRAINE AgEcon
Levkovych, Inna; Hockmann, Heinrich.
In this study we try to assess the progress of the transformation process in Ukrainian agri-food sector. The development of foreign trade may serve as indicator of success of market reforms. Thus we analyse the changes in the trade structure of agri-food sector during 1996-2005. Also we compute indicators of inter- (RTA Index) and intra-industrial (Grubel-Lloyd Index, Brülhart A-Index) trade for this period. These indicators provide information about competitiveness of Ukrainian products, type and development of trade flows. We discuss also which policy measures are necessary for further economic integration of Ukraine into world markets
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Agri-food sector; Foreign trade; Intra-industry trade; Competitiveness; Grubel-Lloyd-Index; Ukraine; Agrar- und Ernährungssektor; Außenhandel; Intra-industrieller Handel; Wettbewerbsfähigkeit; Grubel-Lloyd-Index; Ukraine; Агропродовольственный сектор; Международная торговля; Внутри- отраслевая торговля; Конкурентноспособность; Индекс Грубель-Ллойда; Украина; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; F14; Q17.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91956
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What's Advertising Content Worth? Evidence from a Consumer Credit Marketing Field Experiment AgEcon
Bertrand, Marianne; Karlan, Dean S.; Mullainathan, Sendhil; Shafir, Eldar; Zinman, Jonathan.
Firms spend billions of dollars each year advertising consumer products in order to influence demand. Much of these outlays are on the creative design of advertising content. Creative content often uses nuances of presentation and framing that have large effects on consumer decision making in laboratory studies. But there is little field evidence on the effect of advertising content as it compares in magnitude to the effect of price. We analyze a direct mail field experiment in South Africa implemented by a consumer lender that randomized creative content and loan price simultaneously. We find that content has significant effects on demand. There is also some evidence that the magnitude of content sensitivity is large relative to price sensitivity....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Economics of advertising; Economics & psychology; Behavioral; Economics; Cues; Microfinance; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Marketing; D01; M31; M37; C93; D12; D14; D21; D81; D91; O12.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47038
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AN ANALYSIS OF FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH COMPOSTING BEHAVIOR AT THE HOUSEHOLD LEVEL AgEcon
Park, William M.; Lamons, Kevin S.; Roberts, Roland K..
Drawing upon telephone survey data, a logit probability analysis was conducted to identify household characteristics as well as social and institutional factors associated with backyard composting of yard and food wastes. Highly significant predictors included household gardening, perception of effort required, peer influence, and a compost bin sale program.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Consumer/Household Economics; Institutional and Behavioral Economics.
Ano: 1998 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20836
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SOURCES OF SOCIAL CAPITAL AgEcon
Schmid, A. Allan.
If the capital metaphor is to be taken seriously, social capital must focus on sources and not consequences. Human motive is the equivalent of physical capital goods which can perform transformative functions such as creating utility for one person out of the consumption of another and solving free rider problems. The focus on consequences of social capital cannot distinguish a gift motivated by affinity from a goods transfer motivated by moral obligation or promise of selfish gain. Motive is important if we are to understand investment and depreciation in social capital. The paper develops and tests a survey instrument to measure the predominant motive describing the relationships among people in eight Michigan communities with different...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Institutional and Behavioral Economics.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11781
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Risk Analysis in Selected European and International Food Chains AgEcon
Ameseder, Christoph; Haas, Rainer; Fritz, Melanie; Schiefer, Gerhard.
The purpose of this study is to assess and evaluate the most important risks in selected European and international food chains from the perspective of the buying company. The primary objective is to identify the “non-acceptable” risks in terms of damage potential and likelihood of occurrence of value chains in the sectors grain, meat, fruit and vegetable, and olive oil. Data was collected by each partner of the European research project “e-trust” (FP6-CT-2006-043056) by conducting 81 qualitative expert interviews with business leaders in Europe (Austria, Germany, Greece, Italy, Slovenia, Spain) as well as in Brazil, Turkey, and the USA. The study focuses on a wider supply chain or network perspective for the risk assessment. Methodically the assessed...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Risk; Risk analysis; Supply chain; Food; Risk map; Risk classification; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58708
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Structural Change in a Food Supply Chain AgEcon
Ng, Desmond W..
As changes in modern agribusiness markets have placed increasing emphasis to the study of structural change processes, this research advances an agent based model to examine transitions from a spot market exchange to a vertically coordinated arrangement in a supply chain system. This agent base simulation model draws from the subjective theme of Austrian entrepreneurship, behavioral theories of the firm and social networks. The results of this agent based simulation model indicate that structural change occurs with market structures that facilitate information transmission rather than from incentive based contractual arrangements.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Agent based models; Structural change; Austrian economics; And social networks; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Relations/Trade; Q10; Q11.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53643
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Implications of External Validity for Research on Polycentric and Complex Adaptive Systems AgEcon
Coleman, Eric A..
Much recent research has examined the implications of policy analysis for complex adaptive social-ecological systems. System complexity comes from both the natural environment as well as complex institutional arrangements that humans use to manage and regulate such systems. Such research has systematically investigated how the interaction of a host of variables relate to some evaluation criteria. Many scholars argue that a deep understanding of the social-ecological systems, however, comes at the expense of externally valid inferences to other systems. In this paper I argue that having a nuanced understanding of the social-ecological system actually helps one to understand which types of policy domains an analysis might be generalized.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Complex Adaptive Systems; External Validity; Polycentric Systems; Agricultural and Food Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Political Economy.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90797
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Institutional Change and Collective Action: The Case of Reclamation Systems in Northwest Poland AgEcon
Schleyer, Christian.
This paper examines two drastic changes in the performance of local water associations in providing local public goods – appropriate levels of water table – in the reclamation system in the Powiat Pyrzyce in the Voivodship Zachodniopomorski in northwest Poland. Employing an institutional economics approach shows the results of processes of revalorisation of the interrelated property objects land and reclamation infrastructure that have been triggered and shaped not only by the drastic political, economic and administrative changes after the breakdown of the socialist regime in Poland in 1990, but also by the prospect of joining the European Union and the proactive leadership of the director of the Powiat Department of Environmental Protection, Forestry and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Collective action; Institutional change; Reclamation systems; Agricultural and Food Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Political Economy; H 410; P 320; Q 150.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90811
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Comparison of the Investment Behavior of German and Kazakhstani Farmers: an Experimental Approach AgEcon
Tubetov, Dulat; Maart, Syster Christin; Musshoff, Oliver.
Revised April 2012
Tipo: Working Paper Palavras-chave: Experimental Economics; Investment Timing; Real Options; Kazakhstan; Germany; Agricultural Finance; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Risk and Uncertainty; C91; D03; D81; D92.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122422
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SEGMENTING THE COMMERCIAL PRODUCER MARKET FOR AGRICULTURAL INPUTS AgEcon
Gloy, Brent A.; Akridge, Jay T..
A cluster analysis procedure was used to develop a market segmentation of U.S. crop and livestock farms with annual sales in excess of $100,000. The results indicate that four distinct segments exist: convenience buyers, balance buyers, price buyers, and performance buyers. Differences in preferences across these segments have important implications for the marketing strategies of agricultural input suppliers.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Marketing.
Ano: 1999 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21592
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Social Capital and Cooperation in Central and Eastern Europe: A Theoretical Perspective AgEcon
Murray, Catherine.
The transition process in central and eastern Europe (CEE) had a profound effect on how individuals interact. Economic and social institutions have changed, requiring an adaptation process by individuals in the move toward a market economy. How each individual accesses, manipulates and uses their networks will determine the use of their social capital. Within CEE, there is a presumption of low levels of social capital. This paper was written as a conceptual framework for a research project entitled 'Integrated Development of Agricultural and Rural Institutions' (IDARI) in CEE countries. One element of the IDARI project is to understand the emergence and maintenance of cooperative behaviour in light of rural restructuring and institutional change in CEE. A...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Institutional and Behavioral Economics.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18831
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Consumer's behaviour with respect to meat demand in the presence of animal disease concerns: the special case of consumers who eat bison, elk, and venison AgEcon
Myae, Aye C.; Goddard, Ellen W..
Prion diseases have raised concerns in consumer’s minds about food safety associated with meat world-wide. Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) and Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) both exist in Canada and consumer markets for beef, bison, elk and deer may have been affected by the diseases. While numerous studies have examined Canadian consumer beef purchasing behavior in the presence of BSE (Lomeli (2005), John(2007)), no examination of the impact of the animal diseases on consumer behavior for households who consume bison, elk and venison as part of their protein intake has been undertaken. In this study, meat consumption behavior for these specific households is examined, in particular, examining meat substitution possibilities between the exotic meats...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Consumer's behaviour with respect to meat demand; Consumers who eat bison; Elk; And venison; BSE; CWD; Media coverage; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; Political Economy; Production Economics.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61468
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An Evaluation of Market Characteristics of Indiana Farmers' Markets AgEcon
Hofmann, Christa; Dennis, Jennifer H.; Marshall, Maria I..
Nationally, the number of operating farmers' markets has increased 111% in the past ten years from 1,755 markets to 3,706 from 1994 to 2004 (AMS, 2006). Indiana's farmers' markets has increased at double the rate in the same time frame. An internet and mail census was sent to market masters to assess operational procedures and factors that influence customer and vendor participation in the market. A two-stage least squares model was estimated for the vendor and customer model. In Equation 1.1, paying fees and the number of customers present were the two variables that had a significant, positive influence on vendor participation. In Equation 1.2, the presence of WIC, number of products available, the absence or presence of live music, absence or presence...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Marketing.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6790
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