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PRESENCE OF ASPERGILLUS AND OTHER FUNGAL SYMBIONTS IN COFFEE BEANS FROM COLOMBIA Acta biol.Colomb.
GAMBOA-GAITÁN,MIGUEL ÁNGEL.
Fungi are common inhabitants of plants and plant-derived products. Some of these fungal species are potentially dangerous to human health since they are able to produce chemical substances that alter normal physiological activity. There are no studies about natural mycoflora associated with coffee beans in Colombia, and nothing is known about the presence and abundance of toxigenic fungal species in Colombian coffee. In this study 5,000 coffee beans were studied by plating them on potato-based artificial culture medium and it was shown that potentially toxigenic fungal taxa (mostly from genera Aspergillus, Fusarium, Penicillium), are currently found in Colombian coffee beans. This is true for all steps of coffee processing, from berries in trees to toasted...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Commodities; Food microbiology; Coffee; Mycotoxins.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0120-548X2012000100003
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Perdas térmicas em secador de café - DOI: 10.4025/actasciagron.v32i2.3676 Agronomy
Greco, Marcelo; Corpo de Bombeiros; Campos, Alessandro Torres; UFVJM Diamantina/MG; Klosowski, Elcio Silvério; PPGAM/GPEA/Unioeste Marechal Cândido Rondon/PR.
Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a redução da temperatura nas partes externas de um secador de camada fixa para café, mediante diferentes combinações de tempo de revolvimento, utilizando-se termômetro sem contato. O experimento foi desenvolvido no mês de junho de 2004 em uma propriedade localizada em Jesuítas, Estado do Paraná. Foi utilizado café (Coffea arábica L.), variedade IAC 81. O secador utilizado foi o modelo de camada fixa, com câmara de secagem metálica, de formato cilíndrico, com um sistema de revolvimento de grãos adaptado. Observou-se que houve, em média, uma redução térmica de 156,7°C (79,1%) no sistema que vai da fornalha até a câmara de secagem. A combinação que proporcionou menor redução da temperatura foi a com ventilação...
Palavras-chave: 5.03.03.01-5 perda de temperatura; Secagem; Café; Camada fixa Pré-Processamento de Produtos Agrícolas loss of temperature; Drying; Coffee; Fixed bed.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAgron/article/view/3676
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A irrigação do cafezal como alternativa econômica ao produtor - DOI: 10.4025/actasciagron.v32i2.1624 Agronomy
Arêdes, Alan Figueiredo de; DER/UFV; Pereira, Matheus Wemerson Gomes; DER/UFV; Santos, Maurinho Luiz dos; DER/UFV.
Este trabalho objetivou verificar a viabilidade econômica da produção irrigada de café com pivô central em regiões com condições pluviométricas favoráveis à produção. Foram analisados quatro cenários para o nível de preços e três diferentes períodos de duração dos projetos de investimento. De acordo com os indicadores econômicos obtidos, a irrigação do cafezal com pivô central é economicamente superior à alternativa não-irrigada, sendo um fator condicionante para elevação da rentabilidade e diminuição do risco no cultivo do café
Palavras-chave: 6.03.10.01-4 viabilidade econômica; Risco; Café Economia Agrária economic viability; Risk; Coffee.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAgron/article/view/1624
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Comparison between grafting and cutting as vegetative propagation methods for conilon coffee plants - doi: 10.4025/actasciagron.v35i4.16917 Agronomy
Andrade Júnior, Saul de; Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo/CEUNES.; Alexandre, Rodrigo Sobreira; Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES/CEUNES).; Schmildt, Edilson Romais; Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES/CEUNES).; Partelli, Fábio Luiz; Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES/CEUNES).; Ferrão, Maria Amélia Gava; Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária; Mauri, Aldo Luiz; Instituto Capixaba de Pesquisa.
The purpose of this study was to assess the growth of conilon coffee tree plantlets that were propagated by grafting and cutting. The experiment was conducted at the plantlet production site of Incaper’s Experimental Farm in the city of Marilândia, Espírito Santo State. For grafting, plantlets derived from the seed propagation of Coffea canephora cv. Robusta Tropical (ENCAPER 8151) were used as rootstocks, and six clones of cv. Conilon Vitória (INCAPER 8142) were used as the grafts. The cutting was performed with six clones that were used for grafting. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks of twelve treatments with five repetitions composed of twelve plantlets. On the hundred and fifth day, the averages of the variables were assessed and...
Tipo: Produção vegetal Palavras-chave: 5.01.00.00-9 Coffea canephora; Coffee; Growth; Cloning Agronomia.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAgron/article/view/16917
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Inibição in vitro de fungos toxigênicos por Pichia sp. e Debaryomyces sp. isoladas de frutos de café (Coffea arabica) - doi: 10.4025/actasciagron.v32i3.3361 Agronomy
Ramos, Darlê Martins Barros; Faculdades Unidas do Norte de Minas- FUNORTE- Montes Claros- MG; Silva, Cristina Ferreira; Departamento de Biologia- Universidade Federal de Lavras- CP 3037 , Lavras- MG; Batista, Luís Roberto; Departamento de Ciência dos Alimentos- Universidade Federal de Lavras- CP 3037 Lavras- MG; Schwan, Rosane Freitas; Departamento de Biologia- Universidade Federal de Lavras- CP 3037 , Lavras- MG.
O café é um produto nacional com grande expressão para a economia brasileira. O uso excessivo de fungicidas tem levado a pesquisas sobre formas alternativas como o controle biológico. Objetivou-se avaliar o potencial antagônico de leveduras em co-cultivo com fungos filamentosos. Isolados das espécies Debaryomyces hansenii (UFLACF 889 e UFLACF 847) e Pichia anomala (UFLACF 710 e UFLACF 951) foram inoculados (103 a 106 células mL-1) com três espécies de fungos filamentosos, Aspergillus ochraceus, A. parasiticus e Penicillium roqueforti (103 a 106 esporos mL-1). A avaliação do crescimento micelial e a contagem de esporos foram realizadas durante 21 dias. Observou-se que o isolado UFLACF 889 apresentou, em média, maior efeito inibitório na produção de...
Palavras-chave: 2.12.00.00-9 Leveduras; Fungos filamentosos; Biocontrole; Café; Debaryomyces; Pichia 2.12.00.00-9 Yeasts; Filamentous fungi; Biocontrol; Coffee; Debaryomyces; Pichia.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAgron/article/view/3361
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Effects of nitrogen and potassium on the chemical composition of coffee beans and on beverage quality Agronomy
Clemente, Junia Maria; Martinez, Herminia Emilia Prieto; Alves, Leonardo Corrêa; Finger, Fernando Luíz; Cecon, Paulo Roberto.
The ratio of nitrogen (N) to potassium (K) is important in the production of specialty coffees because the relative amounts of N and K can either suppress the formation or increase the concentration of compounds that are essential to the flavor and aroma of specialty coffees. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of different N:K ratios (w/w) and K doses on the cup quality of coffee. The concentrations of chemical compounds essentials to achieve good flavor and aroma, the N and K contents, and the caffeine contents of coffee leaves and beans were evaluated in this study. The N:K ratio and the K dose were found to be important factors in cup quality, the best quality corresponding to an N:K ratio of 1:1.56. The best cup quality was obtained...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Fisiologia de Plantas Cultivadas Coffea arabica L.; Coffee; Caffeine; Fertilization Nutrição Mineral de Plantas.
Ano: 2015 URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAgron/article/view/19063
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A new concept for insect damage evaluation based on plant physiological variables Anais da ABC (AABC)
Neves,Ademir D.; Oliveira,Ricardo F.; Parra,José R.P..
The objective of this study was to determine the damage levels caused by Orthezia praelonga Douglas, 1891 and Leucoptera coffeella (Guérin-Mèneville 1842), on rangpur lime and Obatã coffee leaves, respectively. Measurements were based on a new concept for the evaluation of the following plant physiological parameters: photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, leaf temperature and transpiration, and internal concentration of CO2 (by infrared analyzer). A negative correlation between infestation level and photosynthesis was found, where the negative inflexion point of the curve was considered as a reference for damage levels. The control level for O. praelonga is below the 7-13% limit for damaged leaf area (40 to 70 scales per leaf), while for L. coffeella it is...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Photosynthesis; Economic level injury; Citrus; Coffee; Plant-insect interactions.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652006000400015
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Production of 5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-4-methylphthalide in a culture of Penicillium crustosum Anais da ABC (AABC)
Valente,Angela M.M.P.; Ferreira,Antonio G.; Daolio,Cristina; Rodrigues Filho,Edson; Boffo,Elisangela F.; Souza,Antonia Q.L.; Sebastianes,Fernanda L.S.; Melo,Itamar S..
The chemical reactions carried out by microorganisms have been used as a tool in modern chemistry. This paper reports the production of mycophenolic acid and a new phthalide by the endophytic fungus Penicillium crustosum obtained from coffee seeds. The fungus was cultivated in a liquid medium for a period of seven days and after that the culture medium was divided into four treatments: A, B, C and D, to which different organic substances were added. Treatment A was maintained as the control to evaluate the occurrence of biotransformation. Organic acids were added to the culture media of treatments B (ferulic and quinic acids) and C [cinnamic and 3,4-(methylenedioxy) cinnamic acids], and caffeine was added in the treatment D. All these organic compounds...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Coffee; Endophytic fungus; Mycophenolic acid; Penicillium crustosum; 5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-4-methylphthalide.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652013000200487
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Tritrophic analysis of the coffee (Coffea arabica) - coffee berry borer [Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari)] - parasitoid system Anais da SEB
Gutierrez,Andrew P.; Villacorta,Amador; Cure,Jose R.; Ellis,C. Ken.
An age-mass structured multi-year tritrophic simulation model of the coffee (Coffea arabica var. mundo novo) - coffee berry borer [Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari)], borer - three parasitoid system was developed. Three years of extensive plant drymatter data and one year of field data on borer dynamics were collected at Londrina, PR, Brazil. The allometric relationships and parameter for plant drymatter allocation were estimated from the field data, but the parameters for borer and its three parasitoids were summarized from the literature. Initial levels of soil factors (e.g., nitrogen and water) and observed weather data were used to drive the model. The model is largely independent of the field data, yet it simulated the dynamics of plant branching,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Insecta; Coffee; Coffee berry borer; Parasitoids; Biological control; Tritrophic modeling.
Ano: 1998 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0301-80591998000300005
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Predators impairing the natural biological control of parasitoids Anais da SEB
Reis Jr,Ronaldo; Souza,Og De; Vilela,Evaldo F..
A well known case of ineffective natural biological control: the puzzling coexistence of the coffee leaf miner, Leucoptera coffeellum (Guérin-Mèneville), and its natural enemies was analyzed. Despite being a suitable prey to eight parasitoid species and three wasp species, all occurring simultaneously, the coffee leaf miner too often presents populations far above the damaging level for the coffee plantation. It is demonstrated that predatory wasps and parasitoids interact negatively, possibly because predatory wasps kill parasitized miner's larvae. In doing so, predatory wasps indirectly kill parasitoids, thereby impairing the efficacy of the natural biological control. It is warned that biological control programs should be based on knowledge of food web...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Insecta; Interguild interaction; Leucoptera coffeellum; Coffee.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0301-80592000000300013
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Effect of 6-BA on nodal explant bud sproutings of Coffea arabica cv. Mundo Novo Bragantia
Ramos,Luis Carlos da Silva; Almeida,Julieta Andrea Silva de.
Coffee plants can be micropropagated by nodal bud sprouting using the 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA) hormone. However, literature reports the use of a wide range of 6-BA, from 0.5 to 88.8 µM L-1. So, this study was performed to narrow that range. Nodal explants of Coffea arabica cv Mundo Novo obtained from in vitro plantlets were inoculated on gelled-MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of 6-BA. Two assays were carried out: in the first one, 6-BA was used at concentrations of 0, 5, 25, 50, and 100 µM L-1, being evaluated at 43 and 123 days. In the second experiment, dosis of 10, 20 and 30 µM L-1, have evaluated at 65 and 100 days. Treatments with 6-BA induced multiple sprouting from the nodal explants, which were best characterized around 100...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/report Palavras-chave: Coffee; Nodal bud; Micropropagation.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0006-87052005000200003
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SHOOT AND ROOT EVALUATIONS ON SEEDLINGS FROM Coffea GENOTYPES Bragantia
RAMOS,LUIS CARLOS DA SILVA; CARVALHO,ALCIDES.
Roots and shoots from seedlings of 29 coffee genotypes were studied to better characterize the entries from the Coffea germplasm bank of the Instituto Agronômico (IAC), Campinas, State of São Paulo, Brasil. The varieties were seeded in a randomized complete block design with 6 replications and 10 plants per plot. The characters evaluated were: plant (PL), shoot (SL) and root (RL) length; total plant (PDM), shoot (SDM), root (RDM) and lateral root (LRDM) dry matter. A lateral root index (LRI) and shoot root dry matter (SRDM = SDM/RDM) and length ratios; (SRL = SL/RL) were calculated. The dwarf varieties (Catuaí, Icatu-caturra, Vila Sarchi, San Ramon, Vila Lobos, São Bernardo) presented higher LRDM and lower SDM than the normal size varieties such as Mundo...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Coffea; Coffee; Varieties; Seedlings; Shoots; Roots; Coffea.
Ano: 1997 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0006-87051997000100006
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Effect of leaf Water potential on cold tolerance of Coffea arabica L. BABT
Caramori,Lázara Pereira Campos; Caramori,Paulo Henrique; Manetti Filho,João.
Young coffee plants from cultivar Mundo Novo of Coffea arabica were grown without irrigation for 32 consecutive days, to evaluate the effect of leaf water potential on damage caused by low temperatures, under controlled conditions. A wide range of leaf water potentials were evaluated, from - 0.45MPa (wet soil) at the beginning of the experimental period, to - 4.8MPa (severe leaf wilting) at the end. Results showed that under moderate water stress, there was a higher frequency of undamaged plants and lower frequency of severely damaged plants. These results help explain part of the regional variability observed after a frost and stress the importance of new studies associating cold and drought tolerance in coffee.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Cold tolerance; Coffee; Leaf water potential; Water stress.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132002000600006
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A comparison between enzyme immunoassay and HPLC for ochratoxin A detection in green, roasted and instant coffee BABT
Fujii,Simone; Ono,Elisabete Yurie Sataque; Ribeiro,Ricardo Marcelo Reche; Assunção,Fernanda Garcia Algarte; Takabayashi,Cássia Reika; Oliveira,Tereza Cristina Rocha Moreira de; Itano,Eiko Nakagawa; Ueno,Yoshio; Kawamura,Osamu; Hirooka,Elisa Yoko.
An indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ic-ELISA) for ochratoxin A (OTA) detection in green, roasted and instant coffees was developed using anti-OTA monoclonal antibody. Immunological reagents prepared were OTA-BSA (4.76 mg/mL), anti-OTA.7 MAb (2x10³-fold dilution) and HRP-anti IgG (10³-fold dilution). The detection limit was 3.73 ng OTA/g and correlation coefficients (r) between this immunoassay and high performance liquid chromatography were 0.98 for green coffee, 0.98 for roasted and 0.86 for instant. OTA levels detected by ic-ELISA were higher than by HPLC, with ELISA/HPLC ratio of 0.66 - 1.46 (green coffee), 0.96 - 1.11 (roasted) and 0.93 - 1.82 (instant). ELISA recoveries for OTA added to coffee (5 - 70 ng/g) were 81.53 % for...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Ochratoxin; Immunoassay; HPLC; Monoclonal antibody; Coffee.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132007000200020
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Caffeine formation by suspension cultures of Coffea dewevrei BABT
Sartor,Rosana Mary; Mazzafera,Paulo.
The low caffeine content in leaves of C. dewevrei (~ 0.5 mg/g) is due to a low biosynthesis associated with a fast degradation. On the other hand, high biosynthesis and low degradation confer a higher content (~ 8 mg/g) in leaves of C. arabica. In this work it was observed that cell cultures of C. dewevrei recovered the ability to synthesize caffeine almost in similar levels of C. arabica cultures. Tracer experiments with labelled carbon dioxide showed a significant accumulation of radioactivity in caffeine and metabolites, indicating an active biosynthesis. When the cultures were fed with labelled caffeine most of the radioactivity was recovered in caffeine, indicating that although active, degradation was not so efficient as in leaves, and therefore,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Coffee; Caffeine; Cell suspension culture; Methylxanthines.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132000000100009
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Modifications on leaf anatomy of Coffea arabica caused by shade of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) BABT
Morais,Heverly; Medri,Moacyr Eurípedes; Marur,Celso Jamil; Caramori,Paulo Henrique; Ribeiro,Ana Maria de Arruda; Gomes,José Carlos.
Modifications on leaf anatomy in Coffea arabica shaded with pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan), compared to cultivation under full sun, were assessed. The leaves fully exposed to sunlight presented thicker cuticles and cellular walls, narrower epidermis cells, palisade parenchyma with longer cells, thicker lacunar parenchyma, fewer intercellular spaces and a larger stomata number. Leaves under dense shade presented a narrower cuticle and cellular wall; a mesophyll with smaller volume, but with larger intercellular spaces; and epidermis with thicker cells and a smaller stomata amount, surrounded by subsidiary cells of smaller dimensions. Plants grown under full sunlight presented higher values of net photosynthesis. The results evidenced that the species C. arabica...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Coffee; Shading; Morphology; Physiology; Agroforestry.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132004000600005
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Influence of Silver Nitrate on Somatic Embryogenesis Induction in Arabica Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) BABT
Rojas-Lorz,Laura; Arrieta-Espinoza,Griselda; Valdez-Melara,Marta; Pereira,Luiz Filipe Protasio; Gatica-Arias,Andrés.
Abstract The influence of silver nitrate (AgNO3), benzyladenine (BAP), and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) on low frequency somatic embryogenesis (LFSE) induction in Caturra and Catuaí arabica coffee was evaluated. For the Caturra cultivar, the production of somatic embryos was significantly increased by adding AgNO3 to the semisolid culture medium. The highest average number of somatic embryos for this cultivar was obtained using 6.6 μM BAP, 2.85 μM IAA, and 40 μM AgNO3. In contrast, for the Catuaí cultivar, the highest average number of somatic embryos was obtained using semisolid medium supplemented with 8.8 μM BAP, and 2.85 μM IAA. Using these protocols, somatic embryos were directly induced using leaf sections of in vitro plants of both coffee cultivars...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Coffee; Silver nitrate; Somatic embryos; Plant growth regulators; Tissue culture.
Ano: 2019 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132019000100408
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Production of herbicide-resistant coffee plants (Coffea canephora P.) via Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation BABT
Ribas,Alessandra Ferreira; Kobayashi,Adilson Kenji; Pereira,Luiz Filipe Protasio; Vieira,Luiz Gonzaga Esteves.
Transgenic plants of Coffea canephora P. resistant to the herbicide ammonium glufosinate were regenerated from leaf explants after co-culture with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain EHA105 harboring pCambia3301, a plasmid that contains the bar and the uidA genes both under control of 35S promoter. Direct somatic embryogenesis was induced on basal medium contained ¼ strength macro salts and half strength micro salts of MS medium, organic constituents of B5 medium and 30 g.L-1 sucrose supplemented with 5µM N6 - (2-isopentenyl)-adenine (2-iP). Ten µM ammonium glufosinate was used for putative transgenic somatic embryos selection. Presence and integration of the bar gene were confirmed by PCR and Southern blot analysis. Selected transgenic coffee plants sprayed...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Genetic transformation; Coffee; Herbicide tolerance; Ammonium glufosinate.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132006000100002
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Stability of phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity of regular and decaffeinated coffees BABT
Vicente,Silvio José Valadão; Queiroz,Yara Severino; Gotlieb,Sabina Léa Davidson; Torres,Elizabeth Aparecida Ferraz da Silva.
This study compared the regular and decaffeinated coffees in relation to antioxidant capacity, levels of some antioxidant molecules and stability of these parameters over a six-month period under different storage conditions. The regular coffee samples analyzed right after the industrial production showed higher antioxidant capacity (ORAC and DPPH), the same levels of phenolic compounds and higher levels of phenolic acids than decaffeinated coffee. After six months, the closed packs of both the grades kept under vacuum at 20°C did not show significant changes from the initial results; the open packs stored at 4°C showed small but statistically significant reductions and the open packs stored at 20°C showed higher and statistically significant losses (p...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Coffee; Antioxidant capacity; Phenolic compounds; Caffeine; ORAC; DPPH.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132014000100016
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Coffee has hepatoprotective benefits in Brazilian patients with chronic hepatitis C even in lower daily consumption than in American and European populations BJID
Machado,Silmara Rodrigues; Parise,Edison Roberto; Carvalho,Luciana de.
The potential role of coffee as a hepatoprotective substance for chronic liver diseases has been widely discussed. Our main aim was to evaluate the effect of coffee intake regarding clinical, biochemical tests and liver biopsy data in treatment naïve patients with chronic hepatitis C. One hundred and thirty-six patients with chronic hepatitis C, diagnosed through liver biopsy, or by means of clinical, ultrasound or endoscopic signs of cirrhosis, were assessed by determination of biochemical tests, metabolic and morphological alterations. Food frequency was scrutinized by using a structured questionnaire. Coffee intake represented more than 90% of the total daily caffeine, and the 75th percentile was 4-Brazilian coffee-cup/day (>255mL/day or >123mg...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Coffee; Caffeine; Hepatitis C; Fibrosis.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702014000200170
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