SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Ulibarri,Emilio A.

The South American flora includes 65 genera of Caesalpinioideae (Leguminosae) with wide morphological variation. The four tribes of that subafmily are represented: 31 genera belong to the Caesalpinieae (3 of them introduced); 9 to the Cassieae; 2 to Cercideae (1 introduced), and 23 to Detarieae (2 introduced). Among the South American Caesalpinoideae, 30 genera are endemic (mainly to Brazil), the remaining ones inhabit in tropical and subtropical areas from both hemispheres. All of them grow in diverse habitats: from rainforests, evergreen or deciduous forests, to savannas, semideserts and high mountains. Tribes and genera are arranged according to Polhill & Raven (1981), only Poepiggia has been transferred from Caesalpinieae to Cassieae, and...

URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0011-67932008000100007

Palavras-chave: Caesalpinioideae; Distribution; Leguminosae; Morphology; South America; Taxonomy; Utilization.

Ano: 2008

Carex sagei (Cyperaceae), the correct name for C. barrosii

Wheeler,Gerald A..

The holotype of Carex sagei comes from central Chile, and this name has long been treated as a synonym of C. fuscula. Recent study indicates, however, that C. sagei is referrable to Carex section Ceratocystis, whereas C. fuscula belongs in section Spirostachyae. It is also demonstrated that C. sagei is the correct name for plants currently called C. barrosii. Carex sagei is known from Argentina, Chile, and the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), where it frequents hydric habitats, such as marshes, wet meadows, and the margins of lakes, from near sea level to about 850 m.

URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0011-67932007000200010

Palavras-chave: Carex; Cyperaceae; Ceratocystis; South America; Taxonomy.

Ano: 2007

A synopsis of the South American Lepidium (Brassicaceae)

Al-Shehbaz,Ihsan A..

Fifty native and 12 naturalized species of Lepidium grow in South America, and a key to all 62 species is presented. Three new species from Argentina (L. hickenii, L. pedersenii, and L. santacruzensis) and two from Peru (L. cuzcoensis and L. werffii) are described, illustrated, and their relationships to nearest relatives are discussed. The new combination Lepidium crassius is proposed. Furthermore, 19 taxa (Coronopus didymus var. macrocarpus, C. didymus var. procumbens, L. abrotanifolium var. steinmannii, L. affine, L. argentinum, L. auriculatum, L. bonariense var. pseudovirginicum, L. calycinum var. integrifolium, L. costaricense, L. cumingianum var. orbiculatum, L. cumingianum subsp. berteroanum, L. depressum, L. myrianthum, L. neglectum, L. parodii, L....

URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0011-67932010000200002

Palavras-chave: Brassicaceae; Lepidium; South America; Taxonomy.

Ano: 2010

The genus Sisymbrium in South America, with synopsesof the genera Chilocardamum, Mostacillastrum, Neuontobotrys, and Polypsecadium (Brassicaceae)

Al-Shehbaz,Ihsan A..

Based on extensive molecular and morphological data, all of the native South American species previously assigned to Sisymbrium (tribe Sisymbrieae) are assigned to the genera Chilocardamum, Mostacillastrum, Neuontobotrys, and Polypsecadium of the tribe Schizopetaleae (Brassicaceae). Akey distinguishing these four genera is presented. For each genus, a revised synopsis, an expanded generic description, a key to species, and an enumeration of all taxa is given. Polypsecadium zoellneri is described as a new species from northern Chile, and its distinguishing characters from its nearest relative P. gilliesii are discussed. The following 36 new combinations are proposed: Chilocardamum castellanosii, C. longistylum, C. onuridifolium, Mostacillastrum andinum, M....

URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0011-67932006000200004

Palavras-chave: Brassicaceae; Chilocardamum; Mostacillastrum; Neuontobotrys; Polypsecadium; Sisymbrium; South America.

Ano: 2006

Micromorphological characters supporting the removal of Senecio series Otopteri from Senecio (Asteraceae, Senecioneae)

Riva,Adriana; Pozner,Raúl; Freire,Susana E.

Recent molecular studies suggest that Senecio otites belonging to Senecio sect. Senecio ser. Otopteri should be removed from Senecio so that this large and taxonomically complicated genus would be monophyletic. In order to evaluate the taxonomic position of Senecio otites and the placement of series Otopteri, 13 species belonging to Senecio sect. Senecio ser. Otopteri, including S. otites, were examined for micromorphological characters of the style branches (stigmatic surface, stylearm apices) and anthers (filament collar, anther bases, anther appendages). Three states of these micromorphological characters were present in nearly all species of Senecio sect. Senecio ser. Otopteri: 1) the style-arms are apically convex or subconvex, papillate, and...

URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0011-67932009000200011

Palavras-chave: Asteraceae; Compositae; Micro-morphology; Section Otites; Senecio; Series Otopteri; South America.

Ano: 2009

Placentation patterns and seed number in fruits of South American Solanum subgen. Leptostemonum (Solanaceae) species

Chiarini,Franco E.; Barboza,Gloria E..

Thirty-seven South American species representing seven sections of Solanum subgen. Leptostemonum were analyzed. Andromonoecious as well as hermaphrodite species were considered. The length and width of their fruits was measured, and the number of seeds per fruit was counted. Medial cross sections of fresh, ripe fruits were observed with a stereoscopic microscope and illustrated. Six placentation patterns and three types of seeds were described. A relationship among seed number, fruit size, fruit color and sexual system was detected by means of statistical analysis. These results suggest that andromonoecy affects fruit size and placentation patterns, in order to contain a higher number of seeds per fruit.

URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0011-67932007000200002

Palavras-chave: Andromonoecy; Leptostemonum; Placentation; Seed number; Solanum; South America.

Ano: 2007

A New Species Of Cyclanthera (Cucurbitaceae, Sicyeae) From Southern South America

Lima,Luís F. P; Pozner,Raúl.

We describe and illustrate Cyclanthera oligoechinata (Cucurbitaceae, Sicyeae) a new species from southern Brazil (Paraná), northeastern Argentina (Misiones), and central and southern Paraguay (San Pedro). This new species resembles C. hystrix, C. eichleri and C. quinquelobata, but differs by its almost smooth fruits, and pistillate flowers and fruits on long, slender pedicels. A key to distinguish C. oligoechinata from the closest species is also included.

URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0011-67932008000200010

Palavras-chave: Cucurbitaceae; Cyclanthera; South America; Taxonomy.

Ano: 2008

Saline waters and macroinvertebrates in subtropical Andean streams

Ecología austral

González Achem,Ana Lucía; Rolandi,María Laura; Fernández,Hugo Rafael.

Salinity of rivers is an expression of the concentration of salts dissolved in the water body. Secondary salinization is the increase in salinity of a water body as a result of human activity. Salinity may restrict the species composition of aquatic biota to tolerant species. In this study we analyzed benthic communities and their relationship with physicochemical variables in natural pristine systems and impacted environments. We collected benthic community samples using a D-net and water samples for laboratory major ions analysis. We noted a critical limit of electrical conductivity above 800µS/cm breaking up taxa pools of benthic macroinvertebrates. We observed that taxonomic richness is a sensitive indicator to detect effects of secondary salinization....

URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1667-782X2015000100004

Palavras-chave: South America; Secondary salinization; Benthic community; Seasonal rainfall; Salt mining.

Ano: 2015

CONSERVATION STATE OF SILURIFORMES FISHES FROM THE RAMSAR SITE JAAUKANIGAS (MIDDLE PARANA RIVER), ARGENTINA

DEFINITION AND DIAGNOSIS OF A NEW TRIBE OF SIGMODONTINE RODENTS (CRICETIDAE: SIGMODONTINAE), AND A REVISED CLASSIFICATION OF THE SUBFAMILY

Cordiviola,Elly; Campana,Mirta; Demonte,Danilo; del Barco,Daniel; Trógolo,Alicia.

The Siluriformes conservation state was quantified by means of the SUMIN index, composed by the sum of 12 outstanding variables for the species survival and/or conservation. An arranged list of the thirty -three Siluriformes species from the Ramsar Site was obtained based on a gradient of conservation necessity. The species were defined as Vulnerable of Maximum Priority: Pseudoplatystoma corruscans, P. f. fasciatum, Luciopimeloduspati and Hemisorubimplatyrhinchos; species Vulnerables of Special Attention: Oxydoras kneri, Ageneiosus valenciennesi, Sorubim lima, Platydoras costatus, Pterodoras granulosus, Sturisoma robustum, Trachydoras paraguayensis and Ageneiosus brevifilis. The remaining species, were qualified as Not Threatened: Corydoras paleatus,...

Tipo: Journal article

Palavras-chave: Conservation index; Ichthyofauna; South America.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-65382009000200006

CHILEAN MARINE MOLLUSCA OF NORTHERN PATAGONIA COLLECTED DURING THE CIMAR-10 FJORDS CRUISE

D'Elía,Guillermo; Pardiñas,Ulyses F. J; Teta,Pablo; Patton,James L.

A new tribe of sigmodontine rodents is formally defined and diagnosed. The tribe contains the extant genera Abrothrix (including Chroeomys), Chelemys, Geoxus, Pearsonomys, and Notiomys, a group of taxa distributed in the central and southern Andes and lowlands both east and west of the cordillera. The new tribe presents a unique combination of characters including nasals and premaxilla usually projected anterior to the incisors, moderately trumpeted; zygomatic plate with upper free border reduced or obsolete; and third upper molar reduced and sub-cylindrical in out-line with an internal ring-like enamel fossette. Molecular phylogenetic analyses indicate that Abrothrix is sister to a clade containing the remaining genera of the new tribe.

Tipo: Journal article

Palavras-chave: Abrothrix; Chelemys; Chroeomys; Geoxus; Pearsonomys; Notiomys; South America; Classification.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-65382007000200007

Cárdenas,Javiera; Aldea,Cristian; Valdovinos,Claudio.

The tip of the South American cone is one of the most interesting Subantarctic areas, both biogeographically and ecologically. Nonetheless, knowledge of the area's biodiversity, in particular that of the subtidal marine habitats, remains poor. Therefore, in 2004, a biodiversity research project was carried out as a part of the cruise Cimar-10 Fjords, organized and supported by the Chilean National Oceanographic Committee (CONA). The results of the subtidal marine mollusk surveys are presented herein. The samples were collected aboard the Agor 60 "Vidal Gormaz" in winter 2004. The study area covered the northern Chilean Patagonia from Seno de Relocanví (41°31'S) to Boca del Guafo (43°49'S), on the continental shelf from 22 to 353 m depth. The Mollusca were...

Tipo: Journal article

Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; Taxonomy; South America; Fjords; Polyplacophora; Gastropoda; Bivalvia; Scaphopoda.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-65382008000200010

Pelagic Biodiversity and Biogeography around the SouthAmerican continent

Pierrot-Bults,Annelies C..

Biogeography around South America is well documented on the Atlantic side and less well documented on the Pacific side especially south of about 30º S. The South Pacific oceanic areas are the least known of all pelagic areas. The different approaches to determine biogeographic provinces (e.g. the classical one showing mainly latitudinal and watermass distribution patterns based on presence/absence of species; and the biogeochemical approach based on productivity regimes and modelling) are discussed. The latter shows more east-west division. Testing of these concepts will probably reveal more coastal provinces in the Pacific area. The transitional area in the South Pacific is also an interesting area for molecular species research because there are some...

Tipo: Journal article

Palavras-chave: Pelagic biodiversity; Biogeography; South America.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-65382003000200005

Diverse approaches to questions of Biodiversity: German contributions to studies of Marine Benthos around South America and Antartica

THE CONSERVATION STATE OF CHARACIDAE FISH (PISCES: CHARACIFORMES) IN AN AREA OF THE PLATA BASIN, ARGENTINA

Gutt,Julian; Arntz,Wolf E; Balguerias,Eduardo; Brandt,Angelika; Gerdes,Dieter; Gorny,Matthias; Sirenko,Boris.

A look at the latitudinal gradient from North America via South America to Antarctica supports the impression that the ecosystems of this part of the world provide perfect conditions for marine biodiversity studies. Several bilateral or international initiatives with major German contributions have focused on biodiversity questions, especially in South America and Antarctica. At depths > 50 m accessible to shipboard sampling, an oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) prevails off Peru and Chile (except in the extreme south). The macrobenthic biota associated with the OMZ are extremely poor but show a gradient of increasing diversity at great depths and towards the south. In the southern Chilean fjords and channels, habitat heterogeneity is high and differences in...

Tipo: Journal article

Palavras-chave: Marine biodiversity; South America; Antarctica.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-65382003000200007

Zayas,Marcelo A; Cordiviola,Elly.

The fish conservation was quantified by means of the index SUMIN, composed by the summation of 12 outstanding variables for the species survival and/or conservation. An arranged list of 53 species was obtained according to a gradient of conservation necessity. The species determined as vulnerable of maximum priority: Salminus brasiliensis, Pygocentrus nattereri, Serrasalmus marginatus and S. rhombeus; species vulnerable of special attention: Brycon orbygnianus, Triportheus paranensis, Serrasalmus serrulatus, S. spilopleura, Piaractus mesopotamicus, Hemigrammus mattei, Cynopotamus argenteus, Astyanax correntinus, Gymnocorymbus ternetzi, Hyphessobrycon anisitsi and Mylossoma orbignyanus. The remaining species, were qualified as not threatened: Poptella...

Tipo: Journal article

Palavras-chave: Conservation; Fish; Characidae; South America.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-65382007000200006

Taxonomic revision of the genus Gamochaeta Wedd. (Gnaphalieae, Asteraceae) in Chile

Gayana Botánica

Freire,Susana E.; Salomón,Luciana; Bayón,Néstor D.; Baeza,Carlos M.; Muñoz-Schick,Mélica; Migoya,María A..

ABSTRACT Twenty four species of Gamochaeta (Gnaphalieae, Asteraceae), G. aliena, G. alpina, G. americana, G. andina, G. axillaris, G. chamissonis, G. depilata, G. deserticola, G. falcata, G. filaginea, G. humilis, G. longipedicellata, G. neuquensis, G. nivalis, G. oligantha, G. procumbens, G. ramosa, G. serpyllifolia, G. simplicicaulis, G. spiciformis, G. stachydifolia, G. subfalcata, G. valparadisea, and G. villarroelii, are formally monographed with morphological descriptions, illustrations, geographic distribution and habitat, distribution maps, phenology, lists of representative specimens examined, and a comprehensive identification key for every species. A new name Gamochaeta ramosa S.E. Freire, N. Bayón & C.M. Baeza for Gnaphalium ramosum Phil....

Tipo: Journal article

Palavras-chave: Compositae; Endemism; Lectotypification; South America; Synonyms; Taxonomy.

Ano: 2016

URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-66432016000200292

Chromosome studies in Orchidaceae from Argentina

Daviña,Julio Rubén; Grabiele,Mauro; Cerutti,Juan Carlos; Hojsgaard,Diego Hernán; Almada,Rubén Dario; Insaurralde,Irma Stella; Honfi,Ana Isabel.

The center of diversity of Argentinean orchids is in the northeast region of the country. Chromosome numbers and karyotype features of 43 species belonging to 28 genera are presented here. Five chromosome records are the first ones at the genus level; these taxa are Aspidogyne kuckzinskii (2n = 42), Eurystyles actinosophila (2n = 56), Skeptrostachys paraguayensis (2n = 46), Stigmatosema polyaden (2n = 40) and Zygostates alleniana (2n = 54). In addition, a chromosome number is presented for the first time for 15 species: Corymborkis flava (2n = 56), Cyclopogon callophyllus (2n = 28), C. oliganthus (2n = 64), Cyrtopodium hatschbachii (2n = 46), C. palmifrons (2n = 46), Galeandra beyrichii (2n = 54), Habenaria bractescens (2n = 44), Oncidium edwallii (2n =...

Genetic structure of honeybee populations from southern Brazil and Uruguay

Palavras-chave: Chromosome number; Karyotype features; Polyploidy; Karyology; Orchids; South America.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572009000400024

Diniz,Nilza Maria; Soares,Ademilson Espencer Egea; Sheppard,Walter Steve; Del Lama,Marco Antonio.

Apis mellifera scutellata was introduced to Brazil in 1956 and Africanized honeybee populations have now spread from Argentina to the southwestern United States. Temperate climatic restrictions seem to be a natural limit to Africanized honeybee expansion around parallels 35° to 40° SL. We used allozyme loci (Mdh-1 and Hk-1) and mtDNA haplotypes to characterize honeybee populations in southern Brazil and Uruguay and define a possible transition area between Africanized and European bees. Samples of 194 bee colonies were collected from ten localities between 30°-35° SL and 52°-59° WL. The mtDNA restriction patterns of these colonies were obtained through digestion of the mitochondrial genome by Eco RI, or by digestion by Bgl II and Xba I of the cytochrome B...

A snapshot of gene therapy in Latin America

Palavras-chave: Africanized honeybees; Transition area; South America; MtDNA; Allozymes; Population genetics.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572003000100008

Linden,Rafael; Matte,Ursula.

Gene therapy attempts the insertion and expression of exogenous genetic material in cells for therapeutic purposes. Conceived in the 1960s, gene therapy reached its first clinical trial at the end of the 1980s and by December 2013 around 600 genuine open clinical trials of gene therapy were registered at NIH Clinical Trials Database. Here, we summarize the current efforts towards the development of gene therapy in Latin America. Our survey shows that the number of scientists involved in the development of gene therapy and DNA vaccines in Latin America is still very low. Higher levels of investment in this technology are necessary to boost the advancement of innovation and intellectual property in this field in a way that would ease both the social and...

Cytogenetic divergence in two sympatric fish species of the genus Astyanax Baird and Girard, 1854 (Characiformes, Characidae) from northeastern Brazil

Palavras-chave: Gene therapy; Gene transfer; Gene delivery; Viral vector; South America.

Ano: 2014

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572014000200015

Medrado,Aline Souza; Ribeiro,Mavione Souza; Affonso,Paulo Roberto Antunes de Mello; Carneiro,Paulo Luíz Souza; Costa,Marco Antônio.

The fish genus Astyanax is widespread throughout the Neotropical region and is one of the most species-rich genera of the Characiformes. Cytogenetic studies of Astyanax have revealed marked intra-and interspecific diversity, with the identification of various species complexes. In this report, we describe the karyotypic structure of two sympatric species of Astyanax (Astyanax sp. and Astyanax aff. fasciatus) from the Middle Contas River basin in the northeastern Brazilian state of Bahia. Both species had 2n = 48 but differed in their karyotypic formulae. Small heterochromatic blocks and multiple nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) were identified in both species. Terminal CMA3+/DAPI-signals were observed in Astyanax sp. and A. aff. fasciatus, mostly...

First record of Wolbachia in South American terrestrial isopods: prevalence and diversity in two species of Balloniscus (Crustacea, Oniscidea)

Palavras-chave: Ag-NOR; Cytotaxonomy; Fish; Fluorochromes; South America.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572012000500014

Almerão,Mauricio Pereira; Fagundes,Nelson Jurandi Rosa; Araújo,Paula Beatriz de; Verne,Sébastien; Grandjean,Frédéric; Bouchon,Didier; Araújo,Aldo Mellender.

Wolbachia are endosymbiotic bacteria that commonly infect arthropods, inducing certain phenotypes in their hosts. So far, no endemic South American species of terrestrial isopods have been investigated for Wolbachia infection. In this work, populations from two species of Balloniscus (B. sellowii and B. glaber) were studied through a diagnostic PCR assay. Fifteen new Wolbachia 16S rDNA sequences were detected. Wolbachia found in both species were generally specific to one population, and five populations hosted two different Wolbachia 16S rDNA sequences. Prevalence was higher in B. glaber than in B. sellowii, but uninfected populations could be found in both species. Wolbachia strains from B. sellowii had a higher genetic variation than those isolated from...