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| Registros recuperados: 19 | |
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| Nehring, Richard F.; Fernandez-Cornejo, Jorge; Banker, David E.. |
| While the growing importance of off-farm earnings suggests large benefits accrue to farmers from efforts to expand off-farm income opportunities, survival still depends on greater efficiency. To comprehensively gauge the economic health of farm operator households we interpret off-farm income as an output along with corn, soybeans, livestock, and other crops. To accomplish this task we use two related methodologies. First, using 2000 data, we setup a multiactivity cost function to analyze labor allocation decisions within the farm operator household and also to estimate returns to scale and scope. Second, using 1996-2000 data, we follow an input distance function approach to estimate returns to scale, technical progress, cost economies, and technical... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Labor and Human Capital. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19763 |
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| Ahearn, Mary Clare; Korb, Penelope J.; Banker, David E.. |
| This paper examines the industrialization process of U.S. agriculture by examining the trends in the number of farms, the concentration of production during the last decade, and the dynamics of farm survivability, entry, and exit underlying aggregate statistics. We next examine vertical coordination as part of the industrialization process and highlight contracting in the poultry industry. The analysis provides evidence that production is continuing to be concentrated on a smaller number of farms at a relatively rapid rate, in spite of the stability in the number of farms. Although contracting clearly dominates the broiler industry, it is less prevalent in egg and turkey production, where other forms of vertical coordination are likely established. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Broilers; Contracting; Eggs; Industrialization; Poultry; Structural change; Turkeys; Vertical integration; D23; D40; L11; L14 L22; L23; Q12. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43511 |
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| Hoppe, Robert A.; Banker, David E.; Korb, Penelope J.; O'Donoghue, Erik J.; MacDonald, James M.. |
| American farms encompass a wide range of sizes, ownership structures, and business types, but most farms are still family farms. Family farms account for 98 percent of farms and 85 percent of production. Although most farms are small and own most of the farmland, production has shifted to very large farms. Farms with sales of $1 million or more make up less than 2 percent of all farms, but they account for 48 percent of farm product sales. Most of these million-dollar farms are family farms. Because small-farm households rely on off-farm work for most of their income, general economic policies, such as tax or economic development policy, can be as important to them as traditional farm policy. |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Family farms; Farm program payments; Farm production; Farm household income; Commodity payments; Direct payments; Government payments; Agricultural Resource Management Survey; Contracting; ERS; USDA; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59029 |
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| Hoppe, Robert A.; Korb, Penelope J.; O'Donoghue, Erik J.; Banker, David E.. |
| U.S. farms are diverse, ranging from small retirement and residential farms to enterprises with annual sales in the millions. Nevertheless, most U.S. farms—98 percent in 2004—are family farms. Even the largest farms tend to be family farms. Large-scale family farms and nonfamily farms account for 10 percent of U.S farms, but 75 percent of the value of production. In contrast, small family farms make up most of the U.S. farm count, produce a modest share of farm output, and receive substantial off-farm income. Many farm households have a large net worth, reflecting the land-intensive nature of farming. |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Contracting; Family farms; Farm businesses; Farm financial performance; Farm-operator household income; Farm operators; Farm structure; Farm type; Million-dollar farms; Small farms; ERS; USDA; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59032 |
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| Perry, Janet E.; Banker, David E.; Green, Robert C.. |
| This study provides a comprehensive view of the organization, management, and financial performance of U.S. broiler farms. Using data from USDA's Agricultural Resource Management Study (ARMS, formerly known as the Farm Costs and Returns Survey), we examine farm size, financial structure, household income, management practices, and spousal participation in decision-making. We compare broiler operations with other farming enterprises and their earnings with that of the average U.S. household. Because most of the 7 billion broilers produced in the United States in 1995 were raised under contract, we also explore the use of contracts and the effects of contracting on the broiler sector. |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Contracting; Broilers; Poultry; Farm characteristics; Farm income; Farm operator characteristics; Risk management strategies; Livestock Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33739 |
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| Hoppe, Robert A.; Banker, David E.; MacDonald, James M.. |
| American farms vary widely in size and other characteristics, but farming is still an industry of family businesses. Ninety-eight percent of farms are family farms, and they account for 82 percent of farm production. Small family farms make up most of the U.S. farm count and hold the majority of farm assets, but they produce a modest share of U.S. farm output. In contrast, large-scale family farms and nonfamily farms—only 12 percent of all farms—account for 84 percent of farm production. Small farms are less profitable than large-scale farms, on average, and the households operating them tend to rely on off-farm income for their livelihood. Because small-farm households receive most of their income from off-farm work, general economic policies—such as tax... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Family farms; Farm businesses; Farm financial performance; Farm-operator household income; Farm operators; Farm structure; Farm type; Government payments; Limited-resource farms; Small farms; ERS; USDA; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Farm Management. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96653 |
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| MacDonald, James M.; Perry, Janet E.; Ahearn, Mary Clare; Banker, David E.; Chambers, William; Dimitri, Carolyn; Key, Nigel D.; Nelson, Kenneth E.; Southard, Leland W.. |
| Production and marketing contracts govern 36 percent of the value of U.S. agricultural production, up from 12 percent in 1969. Contracts are now the primary method of handling sales of many livestock commodities, including milk, hogs, and broilers, and of major crops such as sugar beets, fruit, and processing tomatoes. Use of contracts is closely related to farm size; farms with $1 million or more in sales have nearly half their production under contract. For producers, contracting can reduce income risks of price and production variability, ensure market access, and provide higher returns for differentiated farm products. For processors and other buyers, vertical coordination through contracting is a way to ensure the flow of products and to obtain... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Marketing; Production Economics. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/34013 |
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| Nehring, Richard F.; Banker, David E.; O'Donoghue, Erik J.. |
| Preliminary estimates of technical efficiency based on USDA data for 1997 through 2001 indicate that independent operations were significantly more efficient than contract operations. Preliminary estimates also indicate that both types of operations exhibited increasing returns to scale with contract operations appearing to exhibit significantly higher returns to scale than independent operations, but that larger contract and independent operations exhibit roughly comparable returns to scale. Our estimates of excess nutrients that derive from both commercial fertilizer and manure, comparing the performance of production contract operations and independent operations indicate that, in general, levels of excess nutrients per acre of land are... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Livestock Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22057 |
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| Morrison Paul, Catherine J.; Nehring, Richard F.; Banker, David E.; Breneman, Vincent E.. |
| Given recent concerns expressed about the structural transformation of agriculture and the health of the family farm this study provides a measure of the economic health of small and large farms at the state level. We use nonparametric frontier methods to measure and explain changes in the efficiency, productivity, and technological change of U.S. farms, employing USDAs annual 1996 to 1999 surveys of farms. Our results for the corn and cotton states analyzed identify particularly weak economic performance of small farms in Iowa, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Wisconsin and of large farms in Missouri, Oklahoma, and South Carolina. Our results also indicate strong performance of small farms in several states. Thus, these results give policy makers a more detailed... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20679 |
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| Hoppe, Robert A.; Niekamp, Deborah; Banker, David E.; Nakagawa, Ken. |
| Canadian and U.S. farms vary widely in size and other characteristics, ranging from very small retirement and residential farms to firms with sales in the millions. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC) and the United States Department of Agriculture’s (USDA’s) Economic Research Service (ERS) have each developed a farm typology to classify farms into more homogeneous groups. These typologies provide useful insights into farm structure in each country. It is difficult, however, to use the typologies to compare farm structure in Canada and the United States, because the definitions within the two typologies differ. To make direct comparisons of farm structure in the two countries the Canadian typology was applied to the farms in both nations. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45740 |
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| Hoppe, Robert A.; Banker, David E.. |
| Most farms in the United States- 98 percent in 2003- are family farms. They are organized as proprietorships, partnerships, or family corporations. Even the largest farms tend to be family farms, although they are more likely to have more than one operator. Very large family farms and nonfamily farms account for a small share of farms but a large-and growing-share of farm sales. Small family farms account for most of the farms in the United States but produce a modest share of farm output. Median income for farm households is 10 percent greater than the median for all U.S. households, and small-farm households receive substantial off-farm income. Many farm households have a large net worth, reflecting the land-intensive nature of farming. |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Finance; Consumer/Household Economics; Industrial Organization. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33895 |
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| Hoppe, Robert A.; Korb, Penelope J.; Banker, David E.. |
| Million-dollar farms—those with annual sales of at least $1 million—accounted for about half of U.S. farm sales in 2002, up from a fourth in 1982 (with sales measured in constant 2002 dollars). By 2006, million-dollar farms, accounting for 2 percent of all U.S. farms, dominated U.S. production of high-value crops, milk, hogs, poultry, and beef. The shift to million-dollar farms is likely to continue because they tend to be more profitable than smaller farms, giving them a competitive advantage. Most million-dollar farms (84 percent) are family farms, that is, the farm operator and relatives of the operator own the business. The million-dollar farms organized as nonfamily corporations tend to have no more than 10 stockholders. |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Contracting; Family farms; Farm businesses; Farm financial performance; Farm-operator household income; Farm operators; Farm structure; Farm type; Million-dollar farms; Farm Management. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58623 |
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| Registros recuperados: 19 | |
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