SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Brockmeier, Martina; Pelikan, Janine.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96732

Die Logik der europäischen Agrarpolitik: Politische Macht oder ökonomische Gesetzmäßigkeiten?

Henning, Christian H.C.A.; Struve, Carsten; Brockmeier, Martina.

This paper derives an applied general political economy model incorporating a model of political decision-making into a computable general economic equilibrium model. Political decision-making among a set of legislators is modeled via a mean voter decision rule derived from a modified non-cooperative legislative bargaining game of a BARON-FEREJOHN type. Legislators’ preferences are endogenously derived from political support maximization, where policies translate into legislators’ support according to a political transformation surface. Each surface reflects specific economic framework conditions of legislators` constituency. The model allows a simultaneous analysis of political and economic factors determining policy outcome. In regard to the Health Check...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Political economy general equilibrium model; European agricultural policy; Endogenous policy preferences; CAP reform; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97590

The logic of the CAP: Politics or Economics?

Henning, Christian H.C.A.; Struve, Carsten; Brockmeier, Martina.

WTO Agricultural Negotiations: A Comparison of the Harbinson Proposal and the Swiss Formula

Palavras-chave: Distorted incentives; Agricultural and trade policy reforms; National agricultural development; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; Q17; Q18.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48639

Brockmeier, Martina; Kurzweil, Marianne; Pelikan, Janine; Salamon, Petra.

The WTO agricultural negotiations of the Doha round are a key issue in the public debate. This paper analyses the effects of different options to improve market-access on the basis of a GTAP model, comparing the impact of the Harbinson proposal and the Swiss formula on trade balances. An extended version of the GTAP model is used to first project a base run that includes factors arising from Agenda 2000, EU enlargement, the EBA agreement and the EU's mid-term review. The policy simulation run additionally includes the WTO negotiations. Here, the model is differentiated between three experiments. While the first experiment simply implements the Harbinson proposal, the second one additionally takes into account an adoption of the EBA agreement by all...

EU ENLARGEMENT - A NEW DIMENSION

Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25133

Brockmeier, Martina; Herok, Claudia Anna; Ledebur, Oliver von; Salamon, Petra.

Enlarging the EU presents a tremendous effort with obstacles for old and new member states especially in the agricultural sector. In this paper, impacts of a new accession round were analyzed with the help of the comparative-static general equilibrium model GTAP (Global Trade Analysis Project). The standard version was extended to allow for a better representation of specific instruments of the Common Agriculture Policy and the EU budget. To capture detailed effects in new member states, simulations were carried out for 12 candidate countries, the EU-15 and the rest of the world. As for products the focus lies on agriculture. Scenarios include an enlargement with and without the transfer of direct payments in the new member states, according to the...

EU-MIGRATION IN THE CONTEXT OF LIBERALIZING AGRICULTURAL MARKETS

Palavras-chave: EU enlargement; Common Agricultural Policy; EU budget; GE-modeling; Political Economy; D58; E62; F15; O52; Q18.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25893

Brockmeier, Martina; Kurzweil, Marianne.

The paper discusses the relevance of migration in the course of the forthcoming eastern enlargement of the EU focusing on the liberalization of the agricultural markets. The technical basis of this research is represented by the general equilibrium model GTAP comprising a survey of existing applications and own calculations including migration.

DIE WTO-MINISTERKONFERENZ IN HONGKONG: WELCHE HANDELSWIRKUNGEN HABEN DIE AKTUELLEN VORSCHLAGE FUR DEN MARKTZUGANG?

Palavras-chave: Labor and Human Capital.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21953

Brockmeier, Martina; Pelikan, Janine; Klepper, Rainer.

In diesem Beitrag werden die aktuellen Vorschläge der EU, der USA, der G 20 und der G 10 analysiert. Die Simulationen werden mit einem erweiterten GTAP Modell durchgeführt. Zu-sätzlich wird die GTAP Datenbasis um gebundene Zölle ergänzt, so dass "Wasser in den Zöl-len" Berücksichtigung findet. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Handelsbilanzentwicklung der EU 27 in den Sektoren für Rindfleisch, Zucker und sonstiges Fleisch maßgeblich durch die Höhe der Zollkürzungen beeinflusst wird. Die Handelsbilanz der Märkte für Getreide und Milch wird hingegen durch den Abbau der Exporterstattungen dominiert. Eine Dekompositi-on der Ergebnisse liefert weitere Details.

Die WTO-Verhandlungen und die GAP

Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14951

Brockmeier, Martina; Pelikan, Janine; Klepper, Rainer.

Over the last decades the EU Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) has been increasingly influenced by the WTO negotiations. The Mac-Sharry-Reform and the Mid Term Review (MTR) reform of the CAP for example improved the conformity between the EU agricultural policy and the liberalization requirements on the international level. Currently, it is again discussed within the Health Check how the EU direct payments will be adapted to meet the international and national requirements. This paper employs the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) Model to quantify the global and national effects of the implementation of the current WTO negotiations and the adaptation of the EU direct payments. The impact of the change in the respective political instruments and the...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: WTO negotiation; HS6-digit tariff lines; Sensitive products; EU direct payments; Reform of the GAP; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97589

EU-Migration in the Context of Liberalizing Agricultural Markets

Brockmeier, Martina; Kurzweil, Marianne.

In the last decades migration has become an increasingly regarded topic in economic research in line with the growth of the world's migrant population which more than doubled in the 1960s and 1990s (ILO 2002). Particularly now - in the light of the forthcoming EU Eastern enlargement with 10 middle and eastern European countries accessing the Union - migration gains importance in research even more. With respect to these future developments several studies have been carried out analyzing various issues, like migration incentives or future migration flows in an enlarged EU. Regarding the forthcoming heavy adjustments of Eastern agriculture to the EU's CAP strong impacts not only on agriculture but also on the labor markets will occur. In order to reflect the...

EUROPEAN UNION ENLARGEMENT: WHAT ARE THE AGRICULTURAL TRADE MODELS MISSING?

Palavras-chave: Migration; EU Eastern enlargement; GTAP; Labor and Human Capital.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18818

Swaminathan, Padma V.; Hertel, Thomas W.; Brockmeier, Martina.

This paper quantifies the potential impact of European Union enlargement and the consequences of ignoring the non-agricultural component of this integration. We find that agriculture-focused studies offer sound estimates of agriculture-specific production and trade changes, but the estimates of trade volume changes, and welfare gains are far too low.

Im Dschungel der Importzölle – Die Bedeutung der verwendeten Methodik bei der Aggregation von Importzöllen

Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 1997

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21030

Pelikan, Janine; Brockmeier, Martina.

The results of liberalization studies can be influenced decisively by the methodology of import tariff aggregation. This article deals with different measures used to aggregate import tariffs. Therefore, the advantages and disadvantages of different aggregation measures are discussed theoretically. In the empirical part of the paper, the simple average and the trade-weighted average of bound and applied tariffs are calculated for different agricultural products of the EU. The analysis considers ad valorem and specific tariffs as well as tariff rate quotas. Additionally, for the applied tariffs, a distinction is made between MFN-tariffs and bilateral preferential tariff rates. Using the same data base, the product specific Trade Restrictiveness Index (TRI)...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Agriculture in international trade; Tariff aggregation; Bound tariffs; Applied tariffs; Trade Restrictiveness Index (TRI); Mercantilist Trade Restrictiveness Index (MTRI); Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97542

Handels- und Budgeteffekte der WTO-Agrarverhandlungen in der Doha-Runde: Der revidierte Harbinson-Vorschlag

Brockmeier, Martina; Salamon, Petra.

A great deal of attention is currently being paid to the discussion of the reform of global agricultural trade. In this paper, the effects of the revised Harbinson paper (March 2003) are analysed with an extensively extended GTAP model. With the help of a base run, projections are implemented in the form of economic developments as well as already enacted EU policy reforms and measures (Agenda 2000, Mid-Term Review, EU enlargement, EBA agreement) from 1997 to 2014. The base run is compared with a scenario simulating the Doha Round of the WTO based on the revised draft of the Harbinson proposal. The difference between the base run and the model scenario provides information on the effects on EU trade and budget. The revised Harbinson paper leads to a...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: WTO negotiations; Doha Round; Harbinson paper; GTAP model; Agricultural trade; EU budget; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97452

A GRAPHICAL EXPOSITION OF THE GTAP MODEL

Brockmeier, Martina.

This paper offers a graphical exposition of the GTAP model of global trade. Particular emphasis is placed on the accounting, or equilibrium, relationships in the model. It begins with a treatment of the a one region version of GTAP, thereafter adding a rest of world region to highlight the treatment of trade flows in the model. The implementation of policy instruments in GTAP is also explored, using simple supply-demand graphics. The material provided in this paper was first developed as an introduction to GTAP for participants taking the annual short course. Based on its success in that venue, this paper has been placed on the "highly recommended" reading list for individuals seeking an introduction and overview of the GTAP framework. This paper offers...

The challenges of model based policy advice

Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28706

Brockmeier, Martina; Kleinhanss, Werner; Offermann, Frank.

In policy consultation, communicating model results to administration and policy makers has always proven to be a challenge for scientists. Many of the relevant preconditions for effective and successful policy advice are aggravated when results are based on the simultaneous use of a multitude of different models. This paper identifies key issues – e.g., relations to administration; correct identification of prevailing objectives of all agents involved; ability to run scenarios ‘in time’ - and discusses strategies for successful communication based on the experiences of the vTI model network. Specific attention is paid to the issue of communicating ‘conflicting’ results of different models: while often seen as a source for scientific insight, such...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Model network; Policy advice; Agricultural and Food Policy; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97711

WOHLFAHRTSWIRKUNGEN EINER HANDELSLIBERALISIERUNG: WELCHEN EINFLUSS HAT DIE ZOLLAGGREGATION AUF DIE MODELLERGEBNISSE?

Pelikan, Janine; Brockmeier, Martina.

Die Ergebnisse von modellgestützten Liberalisierungsstudien können maßgeblich durch die Aggregation der Importzölle beeinflusst werden. Gegenstand dieses Beitrags ist die Quantifizierung des Einflusses unterschiedlicher Aggregationsmethoden auf die Wohlfahrtsergebnisse eines multiregionalen und multisektoralen allgemeinen Gleichgewichtsmodells. Ausgehend von derselben Datenbasis werden die Zölle mit dem einfachen und handelsgewichteten Durchschnitt, dem Trade Restrictiveness Index (TRI) und dem Merkantilistischen Trade Restrictiveness Index (MTRI) von der detaillierten Zolllinienebene auf ein modellkompatibles Niveau aggregiert. Unter Berücksichtigung von gebundenen und angewandten Zöllen wird ein multilaterales Liberalisierungsszenario entsprechend des...

Effects of Aggregation and Model Structure on Model Linkages

Palavras-chave: WTO; Agrarhandelspolitik; Zollaggregation; TRI; MTRI; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52663

Bektasoglu, Beyhan; Urban, Kirsten; Brockmeier, Martina.

Agricultural Market Access: A Moving Target in the WTO Negotiations?

Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Environmental Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114721

Brockmeier, Martina; Pelikan, Janine.

This paper analyses the economic effects of different magnitudes of tariff cuts, different tariff cutting formulas, the implications of tariff capping as well as different numbers and width of tariff bands in the market access pillar of the Doha Round agricultural negotiations. The simulations are conducted with an extended version of the GTAP model and an extended version of the GTAP data base (6.0) including bound and applied rates. The results reveal that the EU-27 experiences a negative change of its trade balance in the highly protected beef and sugar sectors. The relative increase of EU beef and sugar imports is mainly evoked by the magnitude of tariff cuts and, to a lesser extent, by the kind of formula used to implement the tariff cuts. In...