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Registros recuperados: 93
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The benefits to the Australian Pig meat industry from an increase in demand for a hypothetical low cholesterol pork product AgEcon
Slattery, Henry; Griffith, Garry R.; Malcolm, Bill; Dunshea, Frank.
This is the third of a series of papers examining the potential economic effects from the introduction of a hypothetical low cholesterol pork product into the Australian market. Here, a newly updated pig meat model reported by Griffith et al. (2010) is used to model the industry wide impacts of the Bellhouse et al. (2010) survey results on consumer willingness to pay for this new pork product. Six different scenarios are examined that are combinations of a 10, 20 or 30 per cent increase in consumer demand, with and without a 10 per cent increase in the costs of producing the more valuable pork. The simulation results for the various scenarios indicate total annual industry benefits of some $450m for an increase in aggregate willingness to pay of 30 per...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Cholesterol; Pork; Australia; Consumer willingness to pay; Demand; Agribusiness; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Livestock Production/Industries; Production Economics.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114415
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The influence of weight and fat on lamb prices revisited AgEcon
Hufton, Charlie; Griffith, Garry R.; Mullen, John D..
Previous research has found inconsistencies in the valuation of weight and fat characteristics of lamb carcasses between the saleyard and wholesale markets. In this paper, recent New South Wales saleyard and wholesale price data on different classes of lamb are analysed using hedonic methods to determine the relative influence of weight and fat on prices received. Fat score 2 lambs are heavily discounted relative to fat score 3 lambs, and there are significant seasonal price differentials, but there are no significant premiums or discounts for weight or other fat characteristics. These results hold for both the saleyard and wholesale markets. The implication is that the efficiency of price discovery in the Australian lamb market has improved a little in...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Lamb; Marketing; Hedonic models; Carcass characteristics; Demand and Price Analysis; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6021
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Meta-evaluations in government and government institutions: A case study example from the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research AgEcon
Madzivhandila, T.P.; Griffith, Garry R.; Fleming, Euan M.; Nesamvuni, A.E..
In this paper we draw on impact assessment work of the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) to present an example of meta-evaluation – an evaluation of evaluations – in an agricultural research, development and extension setting. We explore quality issues relating to evaluation studies in the context of government institutions. Program evaluation standards (PES) are divided into categories of utility, feasibility, propriety and accuracy to provide a framework for the meta-evaluation. The PES are presented as a universal measure of evaluation study quality. The intent of using them here is to judge the adequacy of PES as a universal quality measure or meta-evaluation base and to extract useful insights from ACIAR program...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Meta-evaluation; Evaluation Quality; Program Evaluation Standards; Evaluation Model; Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research; Limpopo Department of Agriculture (South Africa); International Development.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59098
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The Measurement, Monitoring and Evaluation Strategy AgEcon
Alford, Andrew R.; Clark, Richard A.; Griffith, Garry R..
A critical component of the Continuous Improvement and Innovation (CI&I) process described in Paper 4 above is Performance Assessment - analysing and interpreting the results achieved, and not achieved, in relation to the focus and target outcomes. This is made easier if specific Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) are established during Action Design and monitored during Action Implementation. The target outcome for the Measurement, Monitoring and Evaluation (MME) Strategy is to design and implement effective and efficient MME mechanisms that will demonstrate improvements and innovations in individual beef businesses and supply chains and in the broader Australian beef industry.
Tipo: Article Palavras-chave: Measurement; Monitoring; Evaluation; KPIs; Farm Management.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122184
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The Cost of Australian Farm Injuries AgEcon
Low, J.M.; Griffith, Garry R..
A telephone survey was conducted of 919 farms from three shires in the sheep/wheat belt of New South Wales. Data from the cohort study spanning 18 months measured the incidence and profile of farm work related injury, risk factors and the range of costs associated with injury occurrence. On average. 22.6 per cent of farm businesses reported one or more injuries per year, while 8.3 per cent reported one or more serious injuries per year. Seven categories of injury were identified as significant problem areas. These were manual handling, eye, motorcycle-related, sheep-related, cattle-related, tractor-related and horse-related injuries. The costs associated with injury occurrence that were measured included medical treatment, transport for treatment,...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 1996 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12369
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Composition of the National Sheep Flock and Specification of Equilibrium Prices and Quantities for the Australian Sheep and Wool Industries, 2002-03 to 2004-05 AgEcon
Mounter, Stuart W.; Griffith, Garry R.; Piggott, Roley R.; Fleming, Euan M.; Zhao, Xueyan.
The data used, and the methods and assumptions fundamental to the development of an equilibrium displacement model (EDM) of the Australian sheep and wool industries specified in Mounter et al. (2007), are contained in this report. The national sheep flock is disaggregated into Merino and non-Merino sheep in the three agricultural zones of Australia using 2002-03 Australian agricultural and grazing industries survey data. Opening and closing sheep numbers, death rates and weaning percentages were used to derive the supply and use of sheep in each zone. Annual shorn wool production was split into four fibre-diameter categories in each zone corresponding to ABS wool export categories. Wool production percentages and relative greasy fleece weights were used to...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Wool; Sheep meat; Research and development; Economic; Evaluation; Australia; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Livestock Production/Industries; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Q160.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37664
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Examining long-run relationships between Australian beef prices AgEcon
Chang, Hui-Shung (Christie); Griffith, Garry R..
Cointegration and impulse response analyses are used to investigate the short‐run and long‐run dynamics of the Australian beef market. The aim of this study is to determine whether long‐run relationships existed between Australian beef prices at the farm, wholesale and retail levels. Based on monthly data from 1971 to 1994, the results show that all three prices considered are cointegrated. Furthermore, the wholesale price is found to be weakly exogenous. The latter result might be an indication of market inefficiency due in part to price levelling often practised in the beef marketing system.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1998 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117283
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Livestock Farming Systems in the Northern Tablelands of NSW: An Economic Analysis AgEcon
Alford, Andrew R.; Griffith, Garry R.; Davies, Lloyd.
The Northern Tablelands region of New South Wales covers an area of approximately 3.12 million hectares including 2.11 million hectares occupied by some 2300 agricultural establishments producing agricultural commodities valued at more than $220 million. Sheep and wool production and cattle production are the dominant agricultural enterprises. In this Report, a whole-farm model of a representative livestock farming system in the Northern Tablelands is developed. Whole-farm economic models of the relevant farming system are a useful first step in understanding the nature of the biological and economic constraints facing producers in their decision making in relation to their choices of inputs and outputs. Such models are also useful in relation to more...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Industrial Organization; Production Economics.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28005
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Animal Efficiency in an Intensive Beef Production System AgEcon
Fleming, Euan M.; Fleming, Pauline; Rodgers, Heidi; Griffith, Garry R.; Johnston, David.
A stochastic input distance function is estimated to analyse the efficiency with which physical characteristics of individual lot-fed beef cattle in Australia are combined with conventional inputs to produce a final product possessing defined quality attributes. High mean technical efficiency estimates are reported for all animals and by breed. All partial output elasticities with respect to inputs are of expected sign. Of four outputs included in the analysis, carcass weight and moisture retention in meat after cooking have highly significant coefficients of expected sign, but two meat quality variables have coefficients of unexpected sign indicating that they decline as inputs increase. Some evidence is detected of scope economies between moisture...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Efficiency; Intensive agriculture; Scope economies; Livestock Production/Industries; Q12; C51.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24673
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An Ex Ante Evaluation of the National Pig Carcase Measurement and Information Service AgEcon
Griffith, Garry R..
This paper reports an ex ante evaluation of a proposed carcase description scheme for the Australian pig industry. Potential benefits and costs of the scheme are described and enumerated, and most likely estimates evaluated by benefit-cost analysis. The results indicate that the proposed scheme would generate net discounted efficiency benefits of almost $50m. A sensitivity analysis of important assumptions and parameter values is conducted, and in all cases NPV remains positive. The conclusion is that the ex ante pricing and operational efficiency benefits of the implementation of the scheme would outweigh the costs of achieving them.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1978 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10305
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Distribution of Gains from Cattle Development in a Multi-Stage Production System: The Case of the Bali Beef Industry AgEcon
Ambarawati, I Gusti Agung Ayu; Zhao, Xueyan; Griffith, Garry R.; Piggott, Roley R..
Beef production in Bali is dominated by smallholders, just like the majority of Indonesian agriculture. A wide range of policies has been implemented to enhance development of the Bali beef industry. Knowledge about the distribution of the returns from the development of the cattle industry, including marketing, informs decision making. This paper examines the benefits from cattle development in a multi-stage production representation of the Bali beef industry using equilibrium displacement modelling (EDM). Benefits are measured as changes in economic surplus. The distribution of benefits among farmers, processors and retailers is also examined.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Beef production; Government policy; EDM; Economic surplus.; Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57829
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Economic Evaluation of New Technologies and Promotions in the Australian Sheep and Wool Industries AgEcon
Mounter, Stuart W.; Griffith, Garry R.; Piggott, Roley R.; Fleming, Euan M.; Zhao, Xueyan.
Knowledge about the size and distribution of returns from alternative broad types of R&D and promotion investments permit strategic-level decisions about resource allocation, both within and across research programs. The Australian sheep meat and wool industries are characterised by strong cross-commodity relationships due to the joint product nature of the industries. An equilibrium displacement model of the Australian sheep meat and wool industries was developed to account for these relationships and any indirect benefits and costs arising from spill-over and feedback effects between the industries as a result of research-induced innovation or promotion. The potential annual returns and their distribution among the various industry sectors were...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Australian sheep and wool industries; Equilibrium displacement model; Cross-commodity relationships; R&D; Promotion evaluation; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10415
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Interstate Differences in the Cost of Complying With Feedlot Environmental Regulations: an Initial Investigation AgEcon
Ridley, Emma J.H.; Morison, Julian B.; Griffith, Garry R..
Environmental regulations impose construction and recurring costs on Australian feedlot operators. However to date there has been no published empirical information on these costs of environmental regulation. Additionally, variations in regulations between states and inconsistencies in the application of these regulations may have resulted in a pattern of location different from that dictated by least cost grain and feeder cattle inputs and processing and transportation services. The aim of this study was to attempt to measure the cost of complying with environmental regulations by large commercial feedlots in different Australian states. From data provided from a survey of 20 commercial feedlots it was found that the average cost of complying with these...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 1994 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12396
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PROFITABILITY OF INCREMENTAL EXPENDITURE ON FIBRE PROMOTION AgEcon
Hill, Debbie J.; Piggott, Roley R.; Griffith, Garry R..
In this paper the impact of changes in wool promotion expenditure and changes in expenditure on the promotion of competing fibres are examined using an equilibrium displacement model. The emphasis is on examining impacts on producer profits net of promotion expenditure and on benefit-cost ratios measuring changes in producer surplus relative to changes in promotion expenditure. It was found, for example, that incremental expenditure on apparel wool promotion on the domestic market is unprofitable but incremental expenditure on promotion of apparel wool on the export market is generally profitable. Further, it was found that increased promotion of cotton and man-made fibres on the export market, with promotion of apparel wool unchanged, would reduce profits...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Marketing.
Ano: 1996 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22370
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Meat Standards Australia as an Innovation in the Australian Beef Production and Marketing System AgEcon
Griffith, Garry R.; Thompson, John M.; Polkinghorne, Rod; Gunner, Richard.
Variable eating quality was identified as a major contributor to declining Australian beef consumption in the early 1990s. The primary issue was the inability to predict the eating quality of cooked beef before consumption. A R&D program funded by industry and Meat and Livestock Australia investigated the relationships between critical control points along the supply chain, cooking methods and beef palatability. These relationships were underpinned by extensive consumer taste panels. Out of this R&D grew the Meat Standards Australia (MSA) voluntary meat grading system which aimed at predicting consumer palatability scores of cooked beef. Quality was defined on the basis of one of four grades. The grading model predicts consumer scores for 135 ‘cut...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Marketing; Production Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100471
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Economic Surplus Measurement in Multi-Market Models AgEcon
Zhao, Xueyan; Mullen, John D.; Griffith, Garry R..
Despite continuing controversy, economic surplus concepts have continued to be used in empirical cost-benefit analyses as measures of welfare to producers and consumers. In this paper, the issue of measuring changes in producer and consumer surplus resulting from exogenous supply or demand shifts in multi-market models is examined using a two-input and two-output equilibrium displacement model. When markets are related through both demand and supply, it is shown that significant errors are possible when conventional economic surplus areas are used incorrectly. The economic surplus change to producers or consumers should be measured sequentially in the two markets and then added up.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Equilibrium displacement model; Multi-market; Economic surplus; R&D evaluation; Demand and Price Analysis.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12910
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CHARACTERISTICS OF DIFFERENT CONSUMER SEGMENTS IN THE AUSTRALIAN BEEF MARKET AgEcon
Morales, Luis Emilio; Griffith, Garry R.; Wright, Vic; Umberger, Wendy J.; Fleming, Euan M..
Beef consumers in Australia have shown differences in their preferences for products and sensitivity to price. This can be explained by the influence on expected quality of cues related to health, production process and eating experience. Eating experience is difficult to predict as consumers generally do not have enough information to form reliable expectations. In this context, branded beef can help to signal quality and reduce the degree of uncertainty that consumers experience when shopping. Focus group research identified different segments, premiums for preferred products and potential for large-scale differentiation and branding in the Australian market.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Beef Branding; Consumer Preferences; Segmentation; Focus Groups..
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48063
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Economic Issues in the Management of Plants Invading Natural Environments: Scotch Broom in Barrington Tops National Park AgEcon
Odem, Doreen; Sinden, Jack A.; Cacho, Oscar J.; Griffith, Garry R..
Scotch broom (Cytisus scoparius, L.), is an exotic leguminous shrub, native to Europe, which invades pastoral and woodland ecosystems and adjoining river systems in cool, high rainfall regions of southeastern Australia. Broom has invaded 10,000 hectares of eucalypt woodland at Barrington Tops National Park in New South Wales, and is having a major impact on the natural ecology of the sub-alpine environment. It is extremely competitive with the native flora, retarding their growth and in many areas blanketing the ground and preventing growth of many understorey species in open forest areas. An active program to manage this invasion is being implemented by the National Parks and Wildlife Service. The management issues include whether eradication or...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Scotch broom; Economic issues; Management issues; Natural environments; Bioeconomic model; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58193
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The Reporting and Support Framework AgEcon
Alford, Andrew R.; Purcell, Dougal; Clark, Richard A.; Griffith, Garry R..
The Reporting and Support Framework is an integral component of the Measuring, Monitoring and Evaluation (MME) strategy. This framework is designed to capture changes in practices, processes and outcomes in the CI&I partnerships and in beef businesses, partnerships, value chains and the broader Australian beef industry so as to provide support within the CI&I partnerships and to meet project and CRC reporting requirements. Because of the multiple users of the information, and the multiple environments in which it is expected to be used, the BPP reporting and support framework has been a difficult framework to develop. There have been several versions that have been adapted and improved over time, but we hope that it is now sufficiently flexible to...
Tipo: Article Palavras-chave: Measuring; Monitoring; Evaluation; Reporting; Support; KPIs; Farm Management.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122185
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PROFITABILITY OF INCREMENTAL GENERIC PROMOTION EXPENDITURE BY AUSTRALIAN DAIRY FARMERS AgEcon
Hill, Debbie J.; Piggott, Roley R.; Griffith, Garry R..
The motivation for this study rests on two factors. First, Australian dairy farmers spend around $20 million annually on generic promotion and estimates of the returns from this expenditure are required to facilitate efficient investment decisions. Second, while the Australian dairy industry is currently highly regulated despite a substantial reduction in assistance over the past decade, manufacturing milk subsidies are to be eliminated by 2000 and market milk regulations are being reviewed. The profit potential of promotion may vary with the degree of regulation, so past estimates of the returns from promotion may not hold in the competitive environment of the future. Hence, the aim of this study is to examine the effects of government intervention on...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Generic promotion; Dairy; Equilibrium displacement modelling; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing.
Ano: 1999 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12913
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