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| Becheler, Ronan; Masson, Jean-pierre; Arnaud-haond, Sophie; Halkett, Fabien; Mariette, Stephanie; Guillemin, Marie-laure; Valero, Myriam; Destombe, Christophe; Stoeckel, Solenn. |
| Partial clonality is commonly used in Eukaryotes and has large consequences for their evolution and ecology. Assessing accurately the relative importance of clonal versus sexual reproduction matters for studying and managing such species. Here, we proposed a Bayesian approach, ClonEstiMate, to infer rates of clonality c from populations sampled twice over a short time interval, ideally one generation time. The method relies on the likelihood of the transitions between genotype frequencies of ancestral and descendent populations, using an extended Wright-Fisher model explicitly integrating reproductive modes. Our model provides posterior probability distribution of inferred c, given the assumed rates of mutation, as well as inbreeding and selfing when... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Inbreeding; Instantaneous inference; Population genetics model; Rate of asexuality; Selfing. |
| Ano: 2017 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00390/50187/50810.pdf |
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| Maupetit, Agathe; Larbat, Romain; Pernaci, Michaël; Andrieux, Axelle; Guinet, Cécile; Boutigny, Anne-laure; Fabre, Bénédicte; Frey, Pascal; Halkett, Fabien. |
| Foliar pathogens face heterogeneous environments depending on the maturity of leaves they interact with. In particular, nutrient availability as well as defense levels may vary significantly, with opposing effects on the success of infection. The present study tested which of these factors have a dominant effect on the pathogen’s development. Poplar leaf disks of eight maturity levels were inoculated with the poplar rust fungus Melampsora larici-populina using an innovative single-spore inoculation procedure. A set of quantitative fungal traits (infection efficiency, latent period, uredinia size, mycelium quantity, sporulation rate, sporulation capacity, and spore volume) was measured on each infected leaf disk. Uninfected parts of the leaves were analyzed... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Constitutive defense; Aggressiveness traits; Plasticity; Nutrient availability; Rust fungus. |
| Ano: 2018 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00652/76405/77443.pdf |
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| Maupetit, Agathe; Fabre, Bénédicte; Pétrowski, Jérémy; Andrieux, Axelle; De Mita, Stéphane; Frey, Pascal; Halkett, Fabien; Hayden, Katherine. |
| Crop varieties carrying qualitative resistance to targeted pathogens lead to strong selection pressure on parasites, often resulting in resistance breakdown. It is well known that qualitative resistance breakdowns modify pathogen population structure but few studies have analysed the consequences on their quantitative aggressiveness‐related traits. The aim of this study was to characterize the evolution of these traits following a resistance breakdown in the poplar rust fungus, Melampsora larici‐populina. We based our experiment on three temporal populations sampled just before the breakdown event, immediately after and four years later. First, we quantified phenotypic differences among populations for a set of aggressiveness traits on a universally... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Disease-associated traits; Heritability; Mixed model; Plant pathogen; Q(ST)-F(ST)comparisons; Temporal sampling. |
| Ano: 2021 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00652/76396/77420.pdf |
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