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| Registros recuperados: 17 | |
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| Johnson, R.W.M.. |
| Sustainable land management objectives in New Zealand have recently been redefined in the Resource Management Act 1991. The new legislative framework can be viewed in part as an adjustment in existing property rights to meet resource use externalities. An understanding of the structure and characteristics of property rights in land clarifies a number of issues in the area of economic efficiency and administrative practicality, and focusses on areas where appropriate solutions to externalities may be difficult to achieve. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 1992 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22506 |
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| Johnson, R.W.M.. |
| In this paper, a re-assessment of the aggregation problem in farm production functions is attempted. Aggregation starts from measurable farm management entities such as the milking cow, breeding ewe etc., and appropriate whole farm production functions are derived that are consistent with these biological units of farming, or as they will be called, the micro-functions of agriculture. The aggregate function, as derived, is based on the geometric means of micro outputs and inputs and could appropriately be said to 'represent' all the micro-functions. It is thus called, later in the paper, the representative production function for the farm firm. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Production Economics. |
| Ano: 1971 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22982 |
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| Johnson, R.W.M.. |
| Sustainability implies a non-degrading use of natural resources in the long term. Property systems, on the other hand, institutionalise existing resource use practices in a fixed timeframe. Where outcomes such as third party effects have not been anticipated, property systems need to be modified or attenuated. The use of pastoral lease land in New Zealand exhibits these features and some attenuation is therefore desirable in new legislation. This paper reports a personal attempt to achieve these ends through bureaucratic reform and personal representation. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 1996 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12366 |
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| Johnson, R.W.M.. |
| There has been increasing scrutiny of government policy decisions and advice in recent years. The supremacy of the national interest has been questioned and self interest theories explored. Administrative systems have been reformed, and the role of the Westminster model of government decision-making endlessly reviewed. Increased interest by economists in the policy process has created a new subject area in economics, namely, public choice theory. It places greater emphasis on individual choice and hence on the way political institutions meet society's needs. It provides a suitable framework for explaining political decision making and administrative processes. In this Address, New Zealand agricultural policies and processes in the last two decades are... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Public Economics. |
| Ano: 1994 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22424 |
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| Johnson, R.W.M.. |
| In this paper, political preference functions and bargaining models based on game theory are examined for their relevance to government processes and policies in agriculture. While bargaining models show some refinements over preference models in explaining how interest group demands are met in a modern society, the results appear to still fall short of a well-documented understanding of the political economy and institutions involved in policy decisions. In practical terms, economic modelling is too time-consuming and elaborate to inform everyday decisions of government but an understanding of the principles involved and previous results of this kind of analysis can inform the work of both policy advisors and decision makers. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy. |
| Ano: 1995 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12380 |
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| Chadee, Doren; Johnson, R.W.M.. |
| In this and the following article the conclusion of the Uruguay Round negotiation of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) is discussed. This article sets out the details of the last stages of the negotiation, the main points of the agreement, and the implications of the domestic support arrangements. In the following article, Jimmye Hillman discusses the implications of the agreements for national governments, the development of rules for national policies, developments in the area of non-tariff barriers, and the future role of the United States. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 1994 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12486 |
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| Johnson, R.W.M.. |
| The period under review has seen a resurgence of economic growth in New Zealand with consequent improvements in employment and a turn-around in the fiscal deficit. Inflation has been controlled by strict monetary policy with consequent effects on the TWI. As a result, prices of tradable goods have been depressed in a period of growth. The agricultural export sector has been disadvantaged in this environment and shows little real growth in output but continues its remarkable productivity gains. The policy parameters for agriculture continue to be set in the macroenvironment as set out in previous reviews. This article brings up to date the discussion of national policy attitudes and performance of the agricultural sector while a second article sets out the... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy. |
| Ano: 1996 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12367 |
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| Johnson, R.W.M.. |
| Recent applications of risk analysis in corporate finance to farm firm decision making are reviewed in this paper. The inclusion of risk parameters modifies some of the traditional agricultural economics views on investment, financing and the portfolio choice problem. A clearer view emerges of farm investment behaviour. Further topics for research are identified. In the author's view, the corporate finance analysis provides a more coherent set of paradigms that explain actual farm investment and financing decision making m a more satisfactory way than previously available. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Farm Management; Risk and Uncertainty. |
| Ano: 1992 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12498 |
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| Johnson, R.W.M.; Petrey, L.A.; Schroder, William R.. |
| This issue of the Review contains three papers from the February conference on agribusiness structures and market behaviour. This introduction serves to introduce the papers and sets out a review of recent literature contributions in the marketing and agribusiness area. The review identifies the characteristic market structure of agribusiness as a transformation of farm-based commodities to many differentiated and finished products in consumer markets. This market channel or chain exhibits many of the features of competitive markets due to the many firms involved but also has features which cut across competitive theory such as monopoly buying, lack of full information, and backward integration. In the wider view, agricultural industries interact with... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness. |
| Ano: 1996 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12410 |
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| Petrey, L.A.; Johnson, R.W.M.. |
| In this paper the sanitary measures for the meat trade in Pacific Rim countries are assessed from the perspective of the current GATT negotiations on sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) measures. These negotiations include harmonisation of standards, greater transparency of domestic technical regulations, better risk assessment, promoting area freedom and improved dispute settlement procedures. It is concluded that greater coordination of SPS measures can overcome the potential misuse of some domestic policy sanitary instruments that impede international agricultural trade. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 1993 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9626 |
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| Johnson, R.W.M.; Schroder, William R.; Taylor, N.W.. |
| Since July 1984 the New Zealand Government has been following a policy of disengagement and deregulation throughout the New Zealand economy. The impacts of the new policy have been felt at both the macro and the micro level. For the agricultural sector, a closer relationship to international prices and costs has been sought, with less industry assistance and direct support from the Government. With the removal of special privileges formerly enjoyed, the agricultural sector has also become more closely aligned with and vulnerable to changes in major macro parameters in the economy such as exchange rates, interest rates, inflation control and budget economies. The alignment of the agricultural economy with international prices and costs is likely to bring... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy. |
| Ano: 1989 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12445 |
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| Johnson, R.W.M.. |
| The period under review has been one of steady consolidation rather than spectacular change. The agricultural sector has accommodated itself to the deregulated environment and has indeed benefited from the macro-economic emphasis on stable exchange rates and low interest rates. Further reform of the state marketing boards has proceeded; the situation exacerbated by a failure of the Kiwifruit Marketing Board to control its payouts within current income. Over the period 1984 to 1993 there has been sustained growth in real net output of agriculture reflecting a considerable improvement in the use of resources. Incomes in the sheep and beef sector have been static in the period but not disastrous, and the dairy sector continues in a phase of steady growth in... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy. |
| Ano: 1993 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9622 |
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| Johnson, R.W.M.. |
| In the period under review the New Zealand agricultural sector has continued to be sensitive to changes in macroeconomic policies in the economy as a whole. This has not altered with the change of Government in October 1990. The combined forces of low commodity prices, increased costs, and government policy changes brought about a period of readjustment through 1985-86 and 1986-87 which now appears to be completed. Recovery was assisted by favourable terms of trade through 1988-89 and 1989-90. Output from the agricultural sector appears to have stabilised rather than decreased; the downturn in the terms of trade in the 1990-91 season has brought about a further reduction in investment and incomes. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy. |
| Ano: 1991 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12342 |
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| Registros recuperados: 17 | |
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