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	Provedor de dados AgEcon (33) Autor Krupnick, Alan J. (33) Burtraw, Dallas (9) Alberini, Anna (7) Cropper, Maureen L. (5) Simon, Nathalie B. (5) Austin, David H. (4) Morgenstern, Richard D. (4) Farrell, Deirdre (3) Harrington, Winston (3) Hoffmann, Sandra A. (3) McConnell, Virginia D. (3) Palmer, Karen L. (3) Shih, Jhih-Shyang (3) Stoessell, Terrell (3) Akai, Makoto (2) Batz, Michael B. (2) Bergin, Michelle S. (2) Cannon, Matthew (2) Itaoka, Kenshi (2) Russell, Armistead G. (2) Mais... Palavra-chave Environmental Economics and Policy (18) Q25 (10) Q28 (6) Air pollution (5) Contingent valuation (4) Cost-benefit analysis (4) H23 (4) Q26 (4) Age (3) Health (3) Health Economics and Policy (3) I18 (3) Nitrogen oxides (3) Q2 (3) Q20 (3) Q48 (3) Sulfur dioxide (3) Willingness to pay (3) Adders (2) Ancillary benefits (2) Mais... Tipo do documento Working or Discussion Paper (31) Conference Paper or Presentation (2) Ano 2006 (1) 2005 (3) 2004 (4) 2003 (2) 2002 (3) 2001 (2) 2000 (2) 1999 (3) 1998 (5) 1997 (3) 1996 (4) 1995 (1) Mais... País United States (33) Idioma Inglês (33)		Ordenar por:  Relevância Autor Título Ano Registros recuperados: 33 Primeira ... 1 2 ... Última The Benefits of Air Pollutant Emissions Reductions in Maryland: Results from the Maryland Externalities Screening and Valuation Model AgEcon Austin, David H.; Krupnick, Alan J.; Burtraw, Dallas; Stoessell, Terrell. This paper reports the results of policy simulations of environmental and human health externalities arising from the production of electricity. The primary purpose of this paper is to illustrate the Maryland Externalities Screening and Valuation Model, developed for the State of Maryland's Department of Natural Resources. A secondary purpose is to estimate likely Maryland benefits from Title IV emissions reductions at electric power generation facilities. Sources and scope of benefits, and the potential of policy to achieve specific environmental and human health goals, are suggested by the results. We find that expected health benefits from reductions in power plant emissions dominate the estimated benefits of improved recreational visibility and... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Integrated assessment; Health and environmental benefits; Valuation; Uncertainty; Environmental Economics and Policy; I81; Q24; Q25; Q26; Q49. Ano: 1998 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10825 Air Pollution Control Policy Options for Metro Manila AgEcon Krupnick, Alan J.; Morgenstern, Richard D.; Fischer, Carolyn; Rolfe, Kevin; Logarta, Jose; Rufo, Bing. The Asian Development Bank has sponsored research on market-based instruments for managing pollution in Metro Manila, Philippines, where air quality is seriously degraded. This report offers three policy options for reducing particulate emissions and their precursors. For stationary sources, we recommend an emissions fee that creates efficient financial incentives to reduce emissions while raising revenues for monitoring and enforcement activities. For mobile sources, we propose a pilot diesel retrofit program using a low-cost technology that is effective at existing 2,000 ppm sulfur content. Second, we recommend a charge on the sulfur content of diesel fuel to encourage meeting and surpassing the 500 ppm standard to allow for more advanced particulate... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Air pollution; Emissions tax; Philippines; Particulates; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q25; Q01. Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10612 The Benefits and Costs of Fish Consumption Advisories for Mercury AgEcon Jakus, Paul M.; McGuinness, Meghan; Krupnick, Alan J.. Mercury contamination of the Chesapeake Bay is a concern to health authorities in the region. We evaluate the economic and health effects of postulated recreational and commercial fishing advisories for striped bass on the Maryland portion of the bay. Awareness of and response to the advisory is estimated using a meta-analysis of the literature. Three values are estimated: welfare losses to recreational anglers, welfare losses in the commercial striped bass fishery, and health benefits. An estimate of percentage of consumer surplus loss is applied to the value of all fishing days in the bay to estimate recreational welfare loss. Welfare losses to the commercial fishery are estimated based on a model of supply and demand. Health benefits are estimated using... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Fisheries; Mercury; Advisories; Recreation; Health benefits; Consumer/Household Economics; I18; Q22; Q25; Q26. Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10853 Location Efficient Mortgages: Is the Rationale Sound? AgEcon Blackman, Allen; Krupnick, Alan J.. Location efficient mortgages (LEM) programs are an increasingly popular approach to combating urban sprawl. LEMs allow families who want to live in densely-populated, transit-rich communities to obtain larger mortgages with smaller downpayments than traditional underwriting guidelines allow. LEMs are premised on the proposition that homeowners in such "location efficient" areas can safely be allowed to breach underwriting guidelines designed to prevent mortgage default because they have lower than average automobile-related transportation expenses and more income available for mortgage payments. This paper employs records of over 8,000 FHA-insured mortgages matched with data on various measures of location efficiency to test this proposition. Our results... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Urban sprawl; Location efficiency; Mortgage; Default; Land Economics/Use. Ano: 1999 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10658 Cost-Benefit Analysis and Regulatory Reform: An Assessment of the Science and the Art AgEcon Kopp, Raymond J.; Krupnick, Alan J.; Toman, Michael. The continuing efforts in the 104th Congress to legislate requirements for cost-benefit analysis (CBA) and the revised Office of Management and Budget guidelines for the conduct of such assessments during a regulatory rulemaking process highlight the need for a comprehensive examination of the role that CBA can play in agency decision-making. This paper summarizes the state of knowledge regarding CBA and offers suggestions for improvement in its use, especially in the context of environmental regulations. Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Cost-benefit; Cost-effectiveness; Risk management; Regulatory reform; Demand and Price Analysis; D6; L5. Ano: 1997 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10851 The Second-Best Use of Social Cost Estimates AgEcon Burtraw, Dallas; Krupnick, Alan J.. A significant literature has developed to estimate the damages to third parties from new electricity generation technologies. This paper focuses on how such estimates can be profitably used in the present regulatory environment, and in the potential new environment that may result from restructuring in the electricity industry. Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Electricity; Environment; Social costs; Adders; Externalities; Demand and Price Analysis; H23; L94; L98. Ano: 1996 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10693 Intel's XL Permit: A Framework for Evaluation AgEcon Boyd, James; Krupnick, Alan J.; Mazurek, Janice V.. The paper develops a framework to evaluate permits granted to firms under the Environmental Protection Agency's Project XL -- with emphasis on the novel air permit granted to the Intel Corporation. We describe the permit, the process that created it, and the types of costs and benefits likely to arise from this type of "facility-specific" regulatory arrangement. Among other things, the paper describes the permit's impact on environmental quality, production costs, transaction costs, and Intel's strategic market position. The paper also considers how an estimate of the costs and benefits -- both to Intel and society -- might be estimated. While facility-specific regulation typically conjures images of production cost savings as processes are re-engineered... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Project XL; Tailored regulation; Environmental regulation; Cost-benefit analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; L51; Q28; L63; K32. Ano: 1998 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10666 The Costs and Benefits of Reducing Acid Rain AgEcon Burtraw, Dallas; Krupnick, Alan J.; Mansur, Erin T.; Austin, David H.; Farrell, Deirdre. Title IV of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments initiated a dramatic reduction in emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides by electric power plants. This paper presents the results of an integrated assessment of the benefits and costs of the program, using the Tracking and Analysis Framework (TAF) developed for the National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program (NAPAP). Although dramatic uncertainties characterize our estimates especially with respect to the benefits of the program, many of which we have modeled explicitly, we find that the benefits can be expected to substantially outweigh the costs of the emission reductions. The lion's share of benefits result from reduced risk of premature mortality, especially through reduced exposure to... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Acid rain; Sulfur dioxide; Nitrogen oxides; Cost-benefit analysis; Clean Air Act; Title IV; Environmental Economics and Policy; H43; Q2; Q4. Ano: 1997 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10692 Economic Uncertainties in Valuing Reductions in Children's Environmental Health Risks AgEcon Hoffmann, Sandra A.; Krupnick, Alan J.; Adamowicz, Wiktor L.. The recognition that environmental hazards can affect children differently and more severely than adults has provoked growing concern in industrialized nations about the impact of environmental pollution on children's health. In this paper, commissioned by the OECD, we are charged with examining "economic uncertainties" associated with valuing the benefits of environmental policies that reduce risk to children's health. We examine two sources of uncertainty in benefits estimation: forecasting uncertainty and modeling uncertainty. We explore how these sources of uncertainty affect the use of standard economic and non-economic approaches to the valuation of health benefits. These include willingness-to-pay measures, cost-of-illness and human-capital... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Willingness to pay; QALY; Children; Social welfare function; Health valuation; Environmental health; Household behavior; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q51; I18; I1; J17; D13; D6; D63; D64. Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10722 Controlling Ozone and Fine Particulates: Cost Benefit Analysis with Meteorological Variability AgEcon Shih, Jhih-Shyang; Bergin, Michelle S.; Krupnick, Alan J.; Russell, Armistead G.. In this paper, we develop an integrated cost-benefit analysis framework for ozone and fine particulate control, accounting for variability and uncertainty. The framework includes air quality simulation, sensitivity analysis, stochastic multi-objective air quality management, and stochastic cost-benefit analysis. This paper has two major contributions. The first is the development of stochastic source-receptor (S-R) coefficient matrices for ozone and fine particulate matter using an advanced air quality simulation model (URM-1ATM) and an efficient sensitivity algorithm (DDM-3D). The second is a demonstration of this framework for alternative ozone and PM2.5 reduction policies. Alternative objectives of the stochastic air quality management model include... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Ambient air; Ozone; Particulate matter; Risk management; Public policy; Cost-benefit analysis; Variability and uncertainty; Stochastic simulation; Stochastic multi-objective programming; Decision-making; National Ambient Air Quality Standards; Environmental Economics and Policy; C6; Q2; Q25; Q28. Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10735 Age, Health, and the Willingness to Pay for Mortality Risk Reductions: A Contingent Valuation Survey of Ontario Residents AgEcon Krupnick, Alan J.; Alberini, Anna; Cropper, Maureen L.; Simon, Nathalie B.; O'Brien, Bernie; Goeree, Ron; Heintzelman, Martin. Much of the justification for environmental rulemaking rests on estimates of the benefits to society of reduced mortality rates. This research aims to fill gaps in the literature that estimates the value of a statistical life (VSL) by designing and implementing a contingent valuation study for persons 40 to 75 years of age, and eliciting WTP for reductions in current and future risks of death. Targeting this age range also allows us to examine the impact of age on WTP and, by asking respondents to complete a detailed health questionnaire, to examine the impact of health status on WTP. This survey was self-administered by computer to 930 persons in Hamilton, Ontario, in 1999. The survey uses audio and visual aids to communicate baseline risks of death and... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Mortality risk valuation; Canada; Contingent valuation; Age; Health status; Risk and Uncertainty; I1; Q20; Q26. Ano: 2000 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10888 IDENTIFYING THE MOST SIGNIFICANT MICROBIOLOGICAL FOODBORNE RISKS TO PUBLIC HEALTH: A NEW RISK-RANKING MODEL AgEcon Hoffmann, Sandra A.; Taylor, Michael R.; Morris, Joe; Krupnick, Alan J.; Batz, Michael B.. This paper presents a decision-analytic model for ranking the social burden of foodborne illness. The availability a consistent, transparent model allowing use of alternative ranking criteria and data assumptions will facilitate discussions between agencies committed to different criteria. By use of multiple criteria, the model highlights overlooked food safety problems. Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety. Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20291 Willingness to Pay for Mortality Risk Reductions: Does Latency Matter? AgEcon Alberini, Anna; Cropper, Maureen L.; Krupnick, Alan J.; Simon, Nathalie B.. Using results from two contingent valuation surveys conducted in Canada and the United States, we explore the effect of a latency period on willingness to pay (WTP) for reduced mortality risk using both structural and reduced form approaches. We find that delaying the time at which the risk reduction occurs by 10 to 30 years significantly reduces WTP for respondents aged 40 to 60 years. Additionally, we estimate implicit discount rates equal to 8% for Canada and 4.5% for the United States-both well within the range established previously in the literature. Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Value of a statistical life; Mortality risks; Cost-benefit analysis; Health Economics and Policy; Q51; Q58. Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10500 Efficiency and Political Economy of Pollution Control with Ancillary Benefits: An Application to NOx Control in the Chesapeake Bay Airshed AgEcon Austin, David H.; Krupnick, Alan J.; McConnell, Virginia D.. This paper examines implications for cost-effective allocation of pollution controls when preferences of coalitions organized along regional lines, or according to preferences for air vs. water quality improvements, are accounted for. Results are compared to a base case in which NOx emissions reductions must satisfy only a water quality standard, and total costs are minimized over emissions sources. Relative to base-case result that marginal control costs must be equal across sources, stronger relative preferences for air imply shifting of control toward sources that produce greater ancillary benefits to air quality. Regional differences may require side payments to induce cooperation where benefits are low, but this will not affect how controls themselves... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy. Ano: 1997 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10553 Ancillary Benefits of Reduced Air Pollution in the United States from Moderate Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Policies in the Electricity Sector AgEcon Burtraw, Dallas; Krupnick, Alan J.; Palmer, Karen L.; Paul, Anthony; Toman, Michael; Bloyd, Cary. This paper considers how moderate actions to slow atmospheric accumulation of greenhouse gases from fossil fuel use also could reduce conventional air pollutants in the United States. The benefits that result would be "ancillary" to greenhouse gas abatement. Moreover, the benefits would tend to accrue locally and in the near term, while benefits from reduced climate change mostly accrue globally and over a time frame of several decades or longer. The previous literature suggests that changes in nitrogen oxides (NOx) would be the most important consequence of moderate carbon policies. We calculate these changes in a detailed electricity model linked to an integrated assessment framework to value changes in human health. A tax of $25 per metric ton of carbon... Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Climate change; Greenhouse gas; Ancillary benefits; Air pollution; Co-control benefits; Nitrogen oxides; Sulfur dioxide; Carbon dioxide; Particulates; Health; Environmental Economics and Policy; H23; I18; Q48. Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10664 Economics of Pollution Trading for SO2 and NOx AgEcon Burtraw, Dallas; Evans, David A.; Krupnick, Alan J.; Palmer, Karen L.; Toth, Russell. For years economists have urged policymakers to use market-based approaches such as cap-and-trade programs or emission taxes to control pollution. The SO2 allowance market created by Title IV of the 1990 U.S. Clean Air Act Amendments represents the first real test of the wisdom of economists' advice. Subsequent urban and regional applications of NOx emission allowance trading took shape in the 1990s in the United States, culminating in a second large experiment in emission trading in the eastern United States that began in 2003. This paper provides an overview of the economic rationale for emission trading and a description of the major U.S. programs for sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx). We evaluate these programs along measures of... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Sulfur dioxide; Nitrogen oxides; Emission trading; Power plants; Air pollution; Environmental Economics and Policy; H23; Q25; Q28; D78. Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10488 Measuring the Value of Health Improvements from Great Lakes Cleanup AgEcon Burtraw, Dallas; Krupnick, Alan J.. Exposure to pollutants in the Great Lakes Region can have significant effects on human health. Some forms of pollution affect humans directly, through the air we breathe and water we drink. Other forms of pollution affect humans indirectly, for example through consumption of contaminated fish. In this paper we describe methods to measure health benefits in monetary and nonmonetary terms in the context of reductions in pollutants as part of a program to improve the environment in the Great Lakes. The paper is meant to be an introduction to this topic for a general audience interested in the Great Lakes. Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Great Lakes; Health; Benefit-cost analysis; Health Economics and Policy; I12; Q25. Ano: 1999 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10861 Overcoming Public Aversion to Congestion Pricing AgEcon Harrington, Winston; Krupnick, Alan J.; Alberini, Anna. Transportation authorities have consistently failed to employ economic incentives on major roadways--i.e. time-of-day pricing or "congestion fees"--to internalize the costs of congestion. In principle at least, such tolls can easily be shown to increase social welfare by making motorists pay something closer to the full social costs of their driving decisions. In addition, recent advances in electronics make it possible to implement such fees fairly cheaply and non-intrusively. While these same authorities generally understand and acknowledge the case for using congestion fees, they also claim that their use is politically infeasible because too many motorists would suffer large increases in commuting costs. This is the puzzle: If congestion tolls truly do... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Congestion; HOT lanes; Freeways; Time-of-day pricing; Public Economics; R41. Ano: 1998 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10730 Cost-Effective NOx Control in the Eastern United States AgEcon Krupnick, Alan J.; McConnell, Virginia D.; Cannon, Matthew; Stoessell, Terrell; Batz, Michael B.. Reducing nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions in the eastern United States has become the focus of efforts to meet ozone air quality goals and will be useful for reducing particulate matter (PM) concentrations in the future. This paper addresses many aspects of the debate over the appropriate approach for obtaining reductions in NOx emissions from point sources beyond those called for in the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990. Data on NOx control technologies and their associated costs, spatial models linking NOx emissions and air quality, and benefit estimates of the health effects of changes in ozone and PM concentrations are combined to allow an analysis of alternative policies in thirteen states in the eastern United States. The first part of the study... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy. Ano: 2000 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10483 Workshop Report: Pollution Abatement Costs and Expenditures (PACE) Survey Design for 2000 and Beyond AgEcon Burtraw, Dallas; Krupnick, Alan J.; Morgenstern, Richard D.; Pizer, William A.; Shih, Jhih-Shyang. Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy. Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10652 Registros recuperados: 33 Primeira ... 1 2 ... Última

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