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| Asfaw, Solomon; Mithofer, Dagmar; Waibel, Hermann. |
| In parallel with changes in official standards, supermarket chains in Europe have developed prescriptive, production-oriented standards, e.g. the European Union Retailers Produce Working Group for Good Agricultural Practices (GlobalGAP), and are asking their suppliers for produce to be certified according to food-safety and quality standards. There are concerns that the proliferation and enhanced stringency of standards that are imposed by high-income countries can negatively affect the competitiveness of producers in developing countries and impede actors from entering or even remaining in high-value food markets. Yet, in some cases, others argue that such standards can play a positive role, providing the catalyst and incentives for the modernization of... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: High-value crops; Food-safety standards; Productivity; Crop Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44145 |
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| Kipkoech, Anderson Kipruto; Schulthess, Fritz; Yabann, Wilson K.; Kipsat, Mary J.; Mithofer, Dagmar. |
| This study assesses the ex ante economic impact of the establishment of two parasitoids, the scelionid egg parasitoid Telenomus isis Polaszek from West Africa and a virulent strain of the braconid larval parasitoid Cotesia sesamiae Cameron from western Kenya, to control stemborer. Using a Cobb-Douglas production function, it was estimated that yields increased by 28.5% when pesticides were used to control stemborers. The benefit-cost ratio after the establishment of the parasitoids ranged from 1:1 to 777:1, with a net present value of up to US$192 million. The study demonstrates the potential of redistributing parasitoids indigenous to Africa for the control of African stemborers. Because the benefits of biological control are positively scale dependent,... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Biological control; Economic valuation; Maize; Stemborers; Crop Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93864 |
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| Asfaw, Solomon; Mithofer, Dagmar; Waibel, Hermann. |
| European Union (EU) retailers are setting global benchmarks for the production of fresh food, and are asking their suppliers for produce to be certified according to food safety and quality standards. Compliance to these standards for developing countries small-scale producers entail costly investment in variable inputs and long term structures. Limited empirical evidence exists either to refute or confirm the concern that the proliferation and enhanced stringency of these standards marginalize smallholders from global market. This article therefore explores the costs of compliance, factors explaining the smallholder decision to adopt EU private quality standard and the impacts of the standard on farm financial performance. We develop a two-stage standard... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Kenya; Export vegetables; Adoption; EurepGAP standard; Impact assessment; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7870 |
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| Mausch, Kai; Mithofer, Dagmar; Asfaw, Solomon; Waibel, Hermann. |
| This paper defines three types of typical certified farms in Kenyan export production: smallholder farms, large-scale contracted farms, and exporter-owned farms. It assesses their economic performance, compares the financial cost of compliance with the EurepGAP standard, and analyses transaction costs. Results show that larger farms are not generally performing more efficiently compared to smallholders who implemented the EurepGAP standard. Despite higher monitoring costs as a result of the introduction of standards, smallholder vegetable producers remain an important source for the exporter companies. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99767 |
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