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| Registros recuperados: 10 | |
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| Golan, Elise H.; Krissoff, Barry; Kuchler, Fred; Calvin, Linda; Nelson, Kenneth E.; Price, Gregory K.. |
| This investigation into the traceability baseline in the United States finds that private sector food firms have developed a substantial capacity to trace. Traceability systems are a tool to help firms manage the flow of inputs and products to improve efficiency, product differentiation, food safety, and product quality. Firms balance the private costs and benefits of traceability to determine the efficient level of traceability. In cases of market failure, where the private sector supply of traceability is not socially optimal, the private sector has developed a number of mechanisms to correct the problem, including contracting, third-party safety/quality audits, and industry-maintained standards. The best-targeted government policies for strengthening... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Traceability; Tracking; Traceback; Tracing; Recall; Supply-side management; Food safety; Product differentiation; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Industrial Organization. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33939 |
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| MacDonald, James M.; Ollinger, Michael; Nelson, Kenneth E.; Handy, Charles R.. |
| Meatpacking consolidated rapidly in the last two decades: slaughter plants became much larger, and concentration increased as smaller firms left the industry. We use establishment-based data from the U.S. Census Bureau to describe consolidation and to identify the roles of scale economies and technological change in driving consolidation. Through the 1970's, larger plants paid higher wages, generating a pecuniary scale diseconomy that largely offset the cost advantages that technological scale economies offered large plants. The larger plants' wage premium disappeared in the 1980's, and technological change created larger and more extensive technological scale economies. As a result, large plants realized growing cost advantages over smaller plants, and... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Concentration; Consolidation; Meatpacking; Scale economies; Structural change; Industrial Organization; Livestock Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2000 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/34021 |
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| MacDonald, James M.; Perry, Janet E.; Ahearn, Mary Clare; Banker, David E.; Chambers, William; Dimitri, Carolyn; Key, Nigel D.; Nelson, Kenneth E.; Southard, Leland W.. |
| Production and marketing contracts govern 36 percent of the value of U.S. agricultural production, up from 12 percent in 1969. Contracts are now the primary method of handling sales of many livestock commodities, including milk, hogs, and broilers, and of major crops such as sugar beets, fruit, and processing tomatoes. Use of contracts is closely related to farm size; farms with $1 million or more in sales have nearly half their production under contract. For producers, contracting can reduce income risks of price and production variability, ensure market access, and provide higher returns for differentiated farm products. For processors and other buyers, vertical coordination through contracting is a way to ensure the flow of products and to obtain... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Marketing; Production Economics. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/34013 |
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| Dyck, John H.; Nelson, Kenneth E.. |
| Meat trade flows among countries and world regions are determined largely by differences among countries in their resource base, their preferences for meat types and cuts, the extent and character of barriers to trade, and the industry structure. Future growth of meat trade depends on further liberalization of protectionist barriers, eradication of animal diseases, economic development, and population growth. Trade growth is likely to feature greater complexity in trade patterns, with more countries engaging in trade, and with an increased tendency for individual countries to import and export meat cuts and offal from the same animal species. |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Meat trade; Competitiveness; Trade policy; Sanitary barriers; Consumer preferences; Industrial structure; Industrial Organization; International Relations/Trade; Livestock Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33701 |
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| Mathews, Kenneth H., Jr.; Hahn, William F.; Nelson, Kenneth E.; Duewer, Lawrence A.; Gustafson, Ronald A.. |
| In early 1996, the peak in the current cycle of cattle inventories coincided with a long list of negative factors--negative returns at the farm and feedlot, record-high feed grain prices, a severe drought in 1995-96, widening farm-retail price spreads, a low farmers' share of the consumers' Choice beef dollar, and reports of high profits for beefpackers. This confluence created an atmosphere in which some producers and members of Congress questioned whether the cattle industry was adversely affected by high packer concentration and market power. In this report, we examine the cattle cycle of the 1990's to determine if there are differences from previous cattle cycles and, if so, how and why they are different. We found that values for many variables at the... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Cattle cycles; Price spreads; Packer concentration; Cattle slaughter; Steer and heifer slaughter; Cow slaughter; Livestock Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33583 |
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| Golan, Elise H.; Krissoff, Barry; Kuchler, Fred; Nelson, Kenneth E.; Price, Gregory K.; Calvin, Linda. |
| Traceability systems are record-keeping systems that are primarily used to help keep foods with different attributes separate from one another. When information about a particular attribute of a food product is systematically recorded from creation through marketing, traceability for that attribute is established. Recently, policy makers in many countries have begun weighing the usefulness of mandatory traceability for managing such diverse problems as the threat of bio-terrorism, country-of-origin labelling, mad cow disease, and identification of genetically engineered foods. The question before policymakers is, When is mandatory traceability a useful and appropriate policy choice? |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45724 |
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| Registros recuperados: 10 | |
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