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| Noblet,Jean. |
| Feeds for pigs can be attributed different energy values according to, first, the step considered in energy utilization (DE: digestible energy, ME: metabolizable energy and NE: net energy) and, second, the method used for estimation at each step. Reference methods for evaluating DE content are based on in vivo digestibility measurements; indirect estimates of DE values are obtained from in vitro methods or prediction equations based on chemical characteristics. Methods have also been proposed for estimating urinary energy (and gas energy to a smaller extent) in order to calculate ME content from DE value. The NE values originate from energy balance studies (slaughter methods or, more commonly, indirect calorimetry measurements in respiration chambers) and... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Energy requirement; Energy value; Heat production; Net energy; Pig. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982007001000025 |
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| Campos,Paulo Henrique Reis Furtado; Le Floc'h,Nathalie; Noblet,Jean; Renaudeau,David. |
| ABSTRACT Global warming is one of the major environmental threats facing the world in the 21st century. This fact will have a significant impact on pig production due to its direct effects on welfare, health, and performance of pigs. Besides, the effects of high temperatures will presumably become more important over the next decades due to the development of pig production in developing countries mainly located in tropical and subtropical areas, where animals are often exposed to ambient temperatures above their thermal comfort zone. Furthermore, pigs reared in tropical areas are often confronted to sanitary challenges including poor hygiene conditions, lack of respect for sanitary rules, and pathogens. This results in the stimulation of the immune system... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Animal biometereology; Heat stress; Metabolism; Physiology. |
| Ano: 2017 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982017000600537 |
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