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| Registros recuperados: 18 | |
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| Roberts, Tanya. |
| Salmonellosis, a common human intestinal disorder primarily caused by contaminated meats and poultry, attacks an estimated two million Americans annually. Using a cost of illness approach, the medical costs and productivity losses alone were estimated to cost around one billion dollars in 1987. If pain and suffering, lost leisure time, and chronic disease costs could be quantified, the estimate would increase significantly. Other procedures for calculating the value of life could either raise or lower the estimated economic benefits of reducing human salmonellosis. Incorporating losses to farmers, whose animals have reduced feed efficiency, reduced weight gain, or deaths because of chronic salmonellosis, would also increase the estimates. Also excluded... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Salmonella; Salmonellosis; Foodborne disease costs; Economic costs; Risk assessment; Risk characterization; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety. |
| Ano: 1987 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/115797 |
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| Narrod, Clare A.; Malcolm, Scott A.; Ollinger, Michael; Roberts, Tanya. |
| Foodborne pathogens cause millions of human illnesses annually, many resulting in death or chronic illnesses. Universal methods to evaluate microbial risks and their associated costs have yet to be developed. Typically, risk analysis and economic analysis have been carried out independently. In this paper, we link a risk analysis model based on typical slaughterhouse practices with a decision model to evaluate the cost effectiveness of various combinations of pathogen reducing technologies. We describe technological change with regard to pathogen reduction in meat and compare the use, effectiveness, and the degree to which different control technologies have penetrated the market. We follow with the description of a cost-effectiveness framework for... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21562 |
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| Buzby, Jean C.; Roberts, Tanya; Lin, Chung-Tung Jordan; MacDonald, James M.. |
| Microbial pathogens in food cause an estimated 6.5-33 million cases of human illness and up to 9,000 deaths in the United States each year. Over 40 different foodborne microbial pathogens, including fungi, viruses, parasites, and bacteria, are believed to cause human illnesses. For six bacterial pathogens, the costs of human illness are estimated to be $9.3-$12.9 billion annually. Of these costs, $2.9-$6.7 billion are attributed to foodborne bacteria. These estimates were developed to provide analytical support for USDA's Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) systems rule for meat and poultry. (Note that the parasite Toxoplasma gondii is not included in this report.) To estimate medical costs and productivity losses, ERS uses four severity... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Cost-of-illness; Foodborne pathogens; Lost productivity; Medical costs; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 1996 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33991 |
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| Golan, Elise H.; Roberts, Tanya; Salay, Elisabete; Caswell, Julie A.; Ollinger, Michael; Moore, Danna L.. |
| Recent industry innovations improving the safety of the Nation's meat supply range from new pathogen tests, high-tech equipment, and supply chain management systems, to new surveillance networks. Despite these and other improvements, the market incentives that motivate private firms to invest in innovation seem to be fairly weak. Results from an ERS survey of U.S. meat and poultry slaughter and processing plants and two case studies of innovation in the U.S. beef industry reveal that the industry has developed a number of mechanisms to overcome that weakness and to stimulate investment in food safety innovation. Industry experience suggests that government policy can increase food safety innovation by reducing informational asymmetries and strengthening... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Food safety; Innovation; Meat; Asymmetric information; Beef Steam Pasteurization System; Bacterial Pathogen Sampling and Testing Program; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Livestock Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/34083 |
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| Hu, Xianfeng; Kliebenstein, James B.; Patton, Sharon; Zimmerman, Jeffrey; Hallam, Arne; Roberts, Tanya; Bush, Eric J.. |
| Sera from hogs were analyzed using the modified direct agglutination test (MAT). Serum samples were collected from sows which were part of the National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS) swine survey. The blood sera on file represented 394 randomly selected hog farms throughout the United States. Additionally, the NAHMS survey included information on type of production facilities and level of cat, dog, or bird access to the facilities. Of the sows tested 19 percent tested positive for toxoplasmosis. This study showed a positive relationship between sows or herds testing positive for Toxoplasma gondii and three factors: 1) method of rodent control, 2) type of production facility, and 3) access of certain animals (cats, dogs, birds) to production... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Livestock Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 1997 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18244 |
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| Crutchfield, Stephen R.; Buzby, Jean C.; Roberts, Tanya; Ollinger, Michael; Lin, Chung-Tung Jordan. |
| USDA is now requiring all Federally inspected meat and poultry processing and slaughter plants to implement a new system called Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) to reduce potentially harmful microbial pathogens in the food supply. This report finds that the benefits of the new regulations, which are the medical costs and productivity losses that are prevented when foodborne illnesses are averted, will likely exceed the costs, which include spending by firms on sanitation, temperature control, planning and training, and testing. Other, nonregulatory approaches can also improve food safety, such as providing market incentives for pathogen reduction, irradiation, and education and labeling to promote safe food handling and thorough cooking. |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Food safety; Foodborne illness; Microbial pathogens; Meat and poultry inspection; HACCP; Cost of illness; Consumer education; Irradiation; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Livestock Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 1997 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/34009 |
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| Salay, Elisabete; Caswell, Julie A.; Roberts, Tanya. |
| Firms innovate to prevent the presence of microbial pathogens in foods and to address other safety problems. To date, studies on the economics of food safety innovation are relatively rare. We designed a series of case studies of such innovation in the meat industry. Our objectives were to identify and analyze different types of innovation, the drivers of innovation, the mode of innovation development, and the impact of innovation on food safety and firm performance. Here we present the survey instrument developed to conduct the case studies. This instrument can be applied, with minor modifications to reflect research objectives, to a wide variety of innovations and adaptations of innovations in the food industry. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14516 |
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| Registros recuperados: 18 | |
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