SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Biología y comportamiento de Neochetina eichhomiae (Warner) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Erirhininae) en condiciones de laboratorio.

Martínez Morales, Oscar.

En este trabajo se estudió el ciclo biológico de Neochetina eichhorniae a 26-28 °C y 28-30 °C, en laboratorio. Se colocaron huevos en vasos de plástico con algodón, una vez emergidas las larvas se alimentaron con trozos de pecíolo de lirio acuático, se realizaron observaciones sobre la biología del estado larval. Para observar la formación de pupas se colocó el último instar larval en recipientes con plantas de lirio acuático. Paralelamente se colocaron parejas de adultos en vasos de plástico para la observación de cópula, oviposición y alimentación. Para el comportamiento, se realizaron dos pruebas, la primera de inundación, para observar el desarrollo a partir del huevo y larvas en agua destilada, y la segunda de especificidad o preferencia alimenticia...

Palavras-chave: Ciclo biológico; Comportamiento; Morfología; Neochetina eichhorniae; Eichhornia crassipes; Life Cycle; Behavior; Morphology; Maestría; Entomología y Acarología.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/478

Comportamiento de ganado bovino de doble propósito pastando sitios con cobertura arbórea.

Martínez Morales, Oscar.

Palavras-chave: Ciclo biológico; Comportamiento; Morfología; Neochetina eichhorniae; Eichhornia crassipes; Life Cycle; Behavior; Morphology; Maestría; Entomología y Acarología.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/478

Pérez Hernández, Víctor Manuel.

El objetivo fue evaluar el comportamiento y fisiología de ganado bovino de doble propósito pastando sitios con cobertura arbórea alta (CAA), baja (CAB) y sin cobertura (SCA), en las épocas de lluvia y sequía. Se observaron vacas adultas durante 24 días en cada época, registrando la temperatura corporal y los tiempos que dedicaron a las distintas actividades durante el día. Las vacas dedicaron el mismo tiempo al consumo en las lluvias (P > 0.05), sin embargo, hubo mayor tiempo en CAB durante la sequía (P < 0.0001). Durante las lluvias, las vacas en pastoreo bajo CAA mostraron menor motivación de irse al descanso o iniciar la rumia (P<0.001), y mayor hacia la exploración que en otros tratamientos (P<0.001); durante la sequía, aquellas pastando en...

Palavras-chave: Comportamiento; Cobertura arbórea; Ganado bovino; Estrés calórico; Behavior; Tree cover; Cattle; Heat stress; Agroecosistemas tropicales; Maestría.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/1702

Producción porcina alternativa : un enfoque conductual y de bienestar animal.

Rodarte Covarrubias, Luis Felipe.

La producción porcina intensiva, presenta grandes desventajas e impacto negativo en el bienestar animal, el ambiente y la salud humana. Sin embargo, existen alternativas de producción, usandó la medicina complementaria que disminuye este impacto. En la primera investigación se determinó la relación entre las estrategias de amamantamiento y su constancia durante la lactancia y el postdestete de lechones de la raza Pampa-Rocha criados en pastoreo con suplemento alimenticio. Se usaron 63 lechones híbridos Large White x Duroc x Pampa-Rocha, en los que se identificó la posición del lechón en la línea de tetas, su jerarquía en la camada, y su conducta, así como el índice de éxito al destete y 10 días después del destete. El 61.9% de los lechones prefirió...

Palavras-chave: Lechón; Orden de tetas; Pampa-Rocha; Homeopatía; Anemia; Comportamiento; Bienestar; Welfare Quality; Piglets; Teat order; Homeopathy; Behavior; Welfare; Ganadería; Doctorado.

Ano: 2013

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/2055

Evaluación del bienestar animal mediante indicadores conductuales en granjas pequeñas de ovinos.

Otero Prevost, Luis Gabriel.

El bienestar animal hace mucho que dejó de ser una postura filosófica contra los sistemas de manejo intensivo. Ahora visto como garantía de alta calidad en procesos pecuarios, los consumidores de todo el mundo comienzan a exigir productos animales en condiciones que eviten el maltrato y sufrimiento. Tal situación hace necesaria la aplicación de protocolos y criterios de evaluación que basados en metodologías integrales, mejoren el manejo, instalaciones, sanidad e higiene en las diferentes especies de interés pecuario. Sin embargo, los protocolos están centrados en producciones grandes, por lo que descuidan producciones más pequeñas y menos tecnificadas. En este trabajo se describe un método para evaluar el bienestar animal de ovinos basado en indicadores...

Palavras-chave: Bienestar animal; Evaluación; Ovinos; Pequeña escala; Animal welfare assessment; Behavior; Sheep; Traditional farm system; Ganadería; Maestría.

Ano: 2013

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/2082

Social networks and fishers’ behavior: exploring the links between information flow and fishing success in the Northumberland lobster fishery

Turner, Rachel A.; Centre for Resource Management and Environmental Studies, University of the West Indies; turnerrachela@gmail.com; Polunin, Nicholas V. C.; School of Marine Science and Technology, Newcastle University, UK; n.polunin@ncl.ac.uk; Stead, Selina M.; School of Marine Science and Technology, Newcastle University, UK; selina.stead@ncl.ac.uk.

Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports

Palavras-chave: Fisheries management; Fishers’ Behavior; Fishing success; Information sharing; Lobster fisheries; Social network analysis.

Ano: 2014

Challenging the win-win discourse on conservation and development: analyzing support for marine protected areas

Chaigneau, Tomas; Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter; T.W.B.Chaigneau@exeter.ac.uk; Brown, Katrina; Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter; katrina.brown@exeter.ac.uk.

Conservation designations such as protected areas are increasing in numbers around the world, yet it is widely reported that many are failing to reach their objectives. They are frequently promoted as opportunities for win-win outcomes that can both protect biodiversity and lead to economic benefits for affected communities. This win-win view characterizes the dominant discourse surrounding many protected areas. Although this discourse and the arguments derived from it may lead to initial acceptance of conservation interventions, this study shows how it does not necessarily result in compliance and positive attitudes toward specific protected areas. Consequently, the discourse has important implications not just for making the case for protected area...

Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports

Palavras-chave: Attitudes; Behavior; Compliance; Fisheries; Natural resource management; Philippines.

Ano: 2016

Opportunities for Collaborative Adaptive Management Progress: Integrating Stakeholder Assessments into Progress Measurement

Berkley, Jim; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; jberkleyh2o@gmail.com.

Collaborative Adaptive Management (CAM) program stakeholders informally assess program progress through subjective assessments regularly. Each stakeholder does this by individually selecting objective progress indicators based on their needs, values, and preferences. They do this even though there may be a stakeholder group agreed-on set of progress objectives. Individual stakeholder indicators may be a subset of the group set or outside of the agreed-on set. This is because many factors influence behavior, and stakeholders may act differently in group settings as opposed to individual settings. These assessments can provide valuable information about stakeholder needs that are not being met, and potential motivations for stakeholders circumventing a CAM...

Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis

Palavras-chave: Adaptive management; Adaptive Management Working Group; AMP; AMWG; Attitudes; Behavior; Collaborative adaptive management; Glen Canyon Dam Adaptive Management Program; Missouri River Recovery Program; MRRP; Progress; Stakeholders.

Ano: 2013

Predator-Resembling Aversive Conditioning for Managing Habituated Wildlife

St. Clair, Colleen Cassady; University of Alberta; cstclair@ualberta.ca; Hurd, Thomas Eric; Banff National Park; tom.hurd@pc.gc.ca.

Wildlife habituation near urban centers can disrupt natural ecological processes, destroy habitat, and threaten public safety. Consequently, management of habituated animals is typically invasive and often includes translocation of these animals to remote areas and sometimes even their destruction. Techniques to prevent or reverse habituation and other forms of in situ management are necessary to balance ecological and social requirements, but they have received very little experimental attention to date. This study compared the efficacy of two aversive conditioning treatments that used either humans or dogs to create sequences resembling chases by predators, which, along with a control category, were repeatedly and individually applied to 24 moderately...

Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports

Palavras-chave: Banff National Park; Canada; Cervus elaphus; Behavior; Aversive conditioning; Dogs; Predation; Chase sequence; Habituation; Urban wildlife.

Ano: 2005

Closing the Gap: Communicating to Change Gardening Practices in Support of Native Biodiversity in Urban Private Gardens

van Heezik, Yolanda M; University of Otago; yolanda.vanheezik@otago.ac.nz; Dickinson, Katharine J. M.; University of Otago; kath.dickinson@botany.otago.ac.nz; Freeman, Claire; University of Otago; cf@geography.otago.ac.nz.

Private gardens collectively comprise the largest green space in most cities and the greatest potential for increasing the extent of wildlife-friendly and native-dominated habitat, improving the quality of ecosystem services, and providing opportunities for urban dwellers to reconnect with nature. Because attitudes and values driving landscape preferences in gardens are complex and often not conducive to biodiversity, and a gap exists between the possession of knowledge or values and the expression of pro-environmental behavior, facilitating change in gardening behavior is challenging. We attempted to improve knowledge and influence values, attitudes, and gardening behavior of 55 householders in favor of native biodiversity and environmentally friendly...

Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports

Palavras-chave: Attitude; Behavior; Communication; Garden; Gardening; Native; Urban; Wildlife gardening.

Ano: 2012

Why Did the Snake Cross the Road? Effects of Roads on Movement and Location of Mates by Garter Snakes (Thamnophis sirtalis parietalis)

Shine, Richard; University of Sydney; rics@bio.usyd.edu.au; Lemaster, Michael; ; lemasterm@mail.science.orst.edu; Wall, Michael; ; mwall@bio.usyd.edu.au; Langkilde, Tracy; ; langkild@bio.usyd.edu.au; Mason, Robert; ; masonr@science.oregonstate.edu.

If animals avoid road surfaces or are unable to follow conspecific trails across such surfaces, previously continuous populations may be fragmented. We gathered data on the effects of a small (4-m wide) gravel road on the behavior and trail-following abilities of garter snakes (Thamnophis sirtalis parietalis) in Manitoba, central Canada. As expected, the road surface had less vegetation cover, a more open canopy and, thus, higher incident radiation than did the surrounding grassland. Contrary to expectations, however, substrate temperatures were lower on the road than in its surrounds, because of the higher reflectivity of the road's surface. On a nearby asphalt road, substrate temperatures were relatively high on the road surface only in the evening, as...

Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports

Palavras-chave: Behavior; Connectivity; Habitat fragmentation; Pheromones; Reproduction; Reptile.

Ano: 2004

PERFORMANCE AND WELFARE OF FINISHING PIGS SUBJECTED TO CLIMATECONTROLLED ENVIRONMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY LIGHTING

REA

Barnabé,Janice M. C.; Pandorfi,Héliton; Gomes,Nicoly F.; Ameida,Gledson L. P. de; Guiselini,Cristiane.

ABSTRACT An adequate thermal environment in pig farming facilities is essential to ensure productivity and animal welfare. The objective of this study was to evaluate the behavior and performance of finishing pigs, subjected to climate-controlled environments and supplementary lighting. Twenty-seven pigs (3/4 Duroc, 1/4 Pietrain) were kept in pens with no climate control, pens with forced ventilation and pens with adiabatic evaporative cooling system, associated with 12 h of natural light, 12 h of natural light + 4 h of artificial light and 12 h of natural light + 6 h of artificial light. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a 3x3 factorial arrangement and the means were compared by Tukey test (p<0.05). Meteorological variables,...

DIFFERENT GENDER DIVISION PATTERNS FOR SWINE HOUSING IN WEAN-TO-FINISH SYSTEM

Palavras-chave: Animal ambience; Behavior; Thermal comfort; Weight gain.

Ano: 2020

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-69162020000300294

REA

Massari,Juliana M.; Vercellino,Rimena do A.; Curi,Thayla M. R. de C.; Moura,Daniella J. de; Medeiros,Brenda B. L.; Salgado,Douglas D'Alessandro.

ABSTRACT This study aimed at identifying the best gender division pattern for swine at nursery stage, through the evaluation of behavioral and environmental parameters. Three treatments were established to achieve our objective: single-sex housing of 26 surgically castrated male pigs; mixed-sex housing of 13 castrated males and 13 females; and single-sex housing of 26 females. Environmental and behavioral data have been recorded. It was used an ethogram to make an inventory of behaviors and that was used in multivariate analysis. Bite addiction differed statistically among treatments, and the lowest occurrence was in mixed-sex housing. Results of the multivariate analysis suggested that regardless of the treatment chosen, relative humidity is positively...

Genetic diversity of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and dopamine b-hydroxylase (DBH) genes in cattle breeds

Palavras-chave: Multivariate analysis; Welfare; Behavior; Facilities.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-69162017000100013

Genet. Mol. Biol.

Lourenco-Jaramillo,Diana Lelidett; Sifuentes-Rincón,Ana María; Parra-Bracamonte,Gaspar Manuel; Rosa-Reyna,Xochitl Fabiola de la; Segura-Cabrera,Aldo; Arellano-Vera,Williams.

DNA from four cattle breeds was used to re-sequence all of the exons and 56% of the introns of the bovine tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) gene and 97% and 13% of the bovine dopamine b-hydroxylase (DBH) coding and non-coding sequences, respectively. Two novel single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and a microsatellite motif were found in the TH sequences. The DBH sequences contained 62 nucleotide changes, including eight non-synonymous SNPs (nsSNPs) that are of particular interest because they may alter protein function and therefore affect the phenotype. These DBH nsSNPs resulted in amino acid substitutions that were predicted to destabilize the protein structure. Six SNPs (one from TH and five from DBH non-synonymous SNPs) were genotyped in 140 animals; all of...

Male-female interaction during breeding and non-breeding seasons in Akodon azarae (Rodentia, Muridae)

Palavras-chave: Behavior; B. t. indicus; B. t. taurus; Catecholamine; Temperament.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572012000300009

Suárez,Olga V.; Kravetz,Fernando O..

Dyad encounters between male and female adults of Akodon azarae (Fischer, 1829) were analyzed by means of observational techniques in a natural closure during the breeding and non-breeding seasons. The animals were held in observation during 21 days, with daily 15-minute recordings of interindividual separation distance, relative displacements, characteristics of the male-female interaction, copulation, and construction and exclusive or shared use of nests by each pair. The couples, which bred successfully, showed, on average, the longest separation distance between male and female allowed by the closure. During the first two weeks of gestation the females exhibited more displacements than their respective mates did. The male-pregnant female encounters...

Dial behavioral responses of Metamysidopsis elongata atlantica (Crustacea, Mysida) to gradients of salinity and temperature

Palavras-chave: Akodon; Breeding; Behavior; Muridae.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0073-47212001000200023

Gama,Andréa M. da S; Calazans,Danilo; Fontoura,Nelson F.

Metamysidopsis atlantica elongata (Bascescu, 1968) is a common mysid in the surf zone of sandy beaches from the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, where it is frequently recorded forming dense aggregations. Trough laboratory trials, behavioral responses to salinity (10, 20, 25, 28, 30, 40 e 45), temperature (10, 15, 20, 30±1ºC) and light (yes/no) were tested using adult males, adult females and juveniles. Although there was no response to temperature, the species showed clear response to salinity and light. In the presence of light, organisms remained in the bottom of the aquaria, but moved to surface when bottom salinities were increased. In the absence of light, adults moved to the surface. However, juveniles moved down to or remained on the bottom,...

Disgusting or delicious? Predatory behavior of the hylid frog Phyllodytes luteolus on sympatric ants

Palavras-chave: Mysids; Behavior; Light; Predation.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0073-47212011000100014

Solé,Mirco; Loebmann,Daniel.

ABSTRACT The phytotelm-dwelling frogs from the genus Phyllodytes Wagler, 1830 have been characterized as specialist frogs regarding their diet strategy which is mainly composed by colonial insects. Herein, we used two species of ants (Camponotus sp. and Gnamptogenys sp.) with distinct defensive mechanisms to test the predatory behavior of Phyllodytes luteolus Wied, 1824. The experiment was conducted with frogs inhabiting a patch of 20 bromeliads (Aechmea cf. blanchetiana). Ants were offered randomly to the frogs until we obtained ten observations of predation of each ant species. We observed and recorded the time that P. luteolus needed to keep each ant species inside its mouth before it could ingest it. Predatory behavior was highly distinct. While...

The stridulatory setae of Acanthoscurria suina (Araneae, Theraphosidae) and their possible role in sexual communication: an experimental approach

Palavras-chave: Behavior; Camponotus; Gnamptogenys; Bromeliads; Predation.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0073-47212017000100230

Pérez-Miles,Fernando; Oca,Laura Montes de; Postiglioni,Rodrigo; Costa,Fernando G..

Specialized setae placed on proximal segments of appendages in tarantulas have been related to sound production (stridulation), used in defense or sexual communication. The surface structure of called stridulatory setae of Acanthoscurria suina Pocock, 1903 was studied by SEM. Three morphological types of setae were recognized and at least two of them could be involved in stridulation. Their role in sexual communication was tested by experimental removal. Our results showed no differences in the sexual success between the setaeless and control individuals. Consequently, a defensive function for stridulatory setae seems to be more likely than a sexual function.

Reproductive biology of Hyla goiana (Anura, Hylidae)

Palavras-chave: Stridulatory setae; Tarantula spiders; Acanthoscurria suina; Behavior.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0073-47212005000400004

Menin,Marcelo; Silva,Rodrigo A.; Giaretta,Ariovaldo A..

Male-male and male-female interactions, reproductive habitat, and vocalizations of Hyla goiana B. Lutz, 1968 a member of H. polytaenia species group, are described. Three groups of calling males were surveyed along a small stream, at the Estação de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Ambiental de Galheiro, Perdizes municipality, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The mean distance between the nearest calling neighbors was 2.7 m, in accordance with an uniform distribution. Clutches (mean 180 eggs) were deposited in the stream, submerged and attached to plants. In two observed courtships the female moved towards a calling male that rapidly clasped her. In the male-male interaction, the males emitted advertisement and encounter calls and then engaged in physical combat....

Behavior at a nest of Amazilia lactea (Aves, Trochilidae)

Palavras-chave: Anura; Hyla; Behavior; Reproduction; Advertisement call.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0073-47212004000100008

Oniki,Yoshika; Antunes,Alexsander Z.; Willis,Edwin O..

The hummingbird Amazilia lactea (Lesson, 1832) built a nest in São Paulo, Brazil, in the spring (Oct) and added lichens during incubation. The female incubated over 70 per cent of the day, 1-56 min per visit, and brooded two small young somewhat less; brooding stopped by about 10 days of age, as did night brooding. Lack of night brooding for large young hummingbirds may reflect lack of space in a small nest. Young stayed in the nest 19 days. Feedings were widely spaced, and presence of possible predators caused alarm.