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| Registros recuperados: 11 | |
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| Cumming, Graeme S.; Percy FitzPatrick Institute, DST/NRF Center of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa; graeme.cumming@uct.ac.za; Hockey, Philip A. R.; Percy FitzPatrick Institute, DST/NRF Center of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa; phil.hockey@uct.ac.za; Bruinzeel, Leo W.; Percy FitzPatrick Institute, DST/NRF Center of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa; lbruinze@adu.uct.ac.za; Du Plessis, Morne A.; Percy FitzPatrick Institute, DST/NRF Center of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa; mornedup@vodamail.co.za. |
| Global analyses of the potential for avian influenza transmission by wild birds have ignored key characteristics of the southern African avifauna. Although southern Africa hosts a variety of migratory, Holarctic-breeding wading birds and shorebirds, the documented prevalence of avian influenza in these species is low. The primary natural carriers of influenza viruses in the northern hemisphere are the anatids, i.e., ducks. In contrast to Palearctic-breeding species, most southern African anatids do not undertake predictable annual migrations and do not follow migratory flyways. Here we present a simple, spatially explicit risk analysis for avian influenza transmission by wild ducks in southern Africa. We developed a risk value for each of 16 southern... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Anatidae; Avian influenza; Botswana; Ducks; Influenza; Landscape ecology; Namibia; Pathogen; South Africa; Virus; Waterfowl; Zimbabwe.. |
| Ano: 2008 |
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| Sallu, Susannah M; Sustainability Research Institute, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds; s.sallu@leeds.ac.uk; Twyman, Chasca; Department of Geography, University of Sheffield; c.twyman@sheffield.ac.uk; Stringer, Lindsay C; Sustainability Research Institute, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds; l.stringer@leeds.ac.uk. |
| In this paper, we explore the resilience and vulnerability of livelihoods within two different social-ecological dryland contexts of Botswana over the last 30 years. We drew on primary field data sources, including oral histories, livelihood surveys, ecological surveys, as well as documented evidence of environmental, socioeconomic, and institutional dynamics to identify a broad range of activities that combine to create a range of different household livelihood outcomes. We used this information as a starting point to assess the ways in which livelihoods have changed over time, and evaluated whether they have become more resilient or more vulnerable, and considered the factors that have contributed to these outcomes. In the context of dynamic dryland... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Botswana; Livelihood strategies; Livelihood trajectories; Resilience; Vulnerability. |
| Ano: 2010 |
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| Moepeng, Pelotshweu T.; Tisdell, Clement A.. |
| This article explores the socio-economic situation of female heads and poor heads of household in rural Botswana by means of a case study of the village of Nshakazhogwe, a village considered to be typical for rural east Botswana. It examines the extent to which the occurrence of poverty of household heads is related to their gender, varies with the numbers in that household, and depends on whether or not they have paid employment. The number of sources and types of sources of income that household heads have are considered and are found to be related to whether they are poor or not. Transfers of income (private and from government) are given particular attention as a potential means of reducing the incidence of poverty. In this regard, poor heads of... |
| Tipo: Working Paper |
Palavras-chave: Botswana; Gender inequality; Poverty; Female-headed households; Community/Rural/Urban Development. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123544 |
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| Moepeng, Pelotshweu T.; Tisdell, Clement A.. |
| Poverty and social deprivation in Botswana are rising in rural areas while they are declining in urban towns and villages. Revenue from diamond mining is thought to have made a significant contribution to reducing poverty levels in cities and urban villages. However, the benefits from diamond revenue are perceived to have not reversed trends in rural poverty. In this study, contingency tables and chi-square tests are used to determine whether there is an association between the gender, educational status, and age of household heads and whether or not they believe their household is in the 20% of the least well-off households, in their selected rural village, Nshakashogwe. Such less well-off households if not in absolute poverty, are likely to be in... |
| Tipo: Working Paper |
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Botswana; Gender inequality; Education; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123455 |
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| Moepeng, Pelotshweu T.; Tisdell, Clement A.. |
| This paper reports on and analyzes primary survey data obtained from a survey of household heads on the rural village of Nshakazhogwe, a typical rural village in northeast Botswana. It examines the associations between the incidence of poverty of household heads in this village and the values of several socio-economic variables. The socio-economic variables considered are the age of the household head, the level of their educational attainment, their gender, the number of sources from which they obtain their income, whether or not they have some wage employment, whether they receive income transfers privately or from the government, whether they conduct a home business and whether or not they obtain income from sales of livestock, crops or natural... |
| Tipo: Working Paper |
Palavras-chave: Botswana; Poverty; Incidence of Poverty; Household heads; Gender; Education; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123546 |
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| Moepeng, Pelotshweu T.; Tisdell, Clement A.. |
| Botswana was among the highest growing economies in the world during 1985-2005 and achieved a reduction in its overall incidence of poverty from 60 per cent in 1985/86 to 30 per cent in 2002/03. The incidence of rural poverty in Botswana decreased from 55 per cent in 1985/86 to 40 per cent in 1992/93, however, it increased to 45 per cent in 2002/03. The reversal of gains in rural poverty reduction has motivated this study. An analysis of Botswana’s overall economic performance, demographic changes and movements and policy responses contribute to the understanding of the occurrence of the incidence of rural poverty in Botswana. In conclusion, it is found that Botswana’s rural and non-rural economy might appear to be characterised by dualism using the... |
| Tipo: Working Paper |
Palavras-chave: Botswana; Poverty; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; Livestock Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123545 |
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| Mbatha, C. Nhlanhla; Charalambides, Nick. |
| The signing of the Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs) between the European Union (EU) and the African Caribbean Pacific (ACP) nations dominated the multilateral trade agenda in late 2007 and early 2008. While the Caribbean nations signed the full EPAs, some of the African countries only singed interim agreements with the EU and a number of West African countries chose not to sign any EPA. Using the case of Botswana’s export markets, especially in agriculture, it is argued that the interim Southern African Development Community (SADC) EPA, which was signed by Botswana and her neighbours, with the exception of South Africa, may have been economically sensible in protecting Botswana’s rural poor, at least in the short run. By tracing trade flows from the... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Botswana; Economic partnership agreements; European Union; Exports; Beef. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47654 |
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| Caplan, Arthur J.; Aadland, David; Macharia, Anthony. |
| This paper reports results from a contingent valuation based public good experiment conducted in the African nation of Botswana. In a sample of university students, we find evidence that stated willingness to contribute to a public good in a hypothetical setting is higher than actual contribution levels. However, results from regression analysis suggest that this is true only in the second round of the experiment, when participants making actual contributions have learned to significantly lower their contribution levels. As globalization expands markets, and economies such as Botswana’s continue to modernize, there is a growing need to understand how hypothetical bias will influence the valuation of public goods. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Hypothetical bias; Public good; Willingness to pay; Botswana; Environmental Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90836 |
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| Registros recuperados: 11 | |
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