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Registros recuperados: 23
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The Effects of Urban Sprawl on Birds at Multiple Levels of Biological Organization Ecology and Society
Blair, Robert; University of Minnesota; blairrb@umn.edu.
Urban sprawl affects the environment in myriad ways and at multiple levels of biological organization. In this paper I explore the effects of sprawl on native bird communities by comparing the occurrence of birds along gradients of urban land use in southwestern Ohio and northern California and by examining patterns at the individual, species, community, landscape, and continental levels. I do this by assessing the distribution and abundance of all bird species occupying sites of differing land-use intensity in Ohio and California. Additionally, I conducted predation experiments using artificial nests, tracked the nest fate of American Robins and Northern Cardinals, and assessed land cover in these sites. At the individual level, predation on artificial...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Avian community; California; Cardinalis cardinalis; Extinction; Faunal homogenization; Invasion; Landscape heterogeneity; Nesting success; Ohio; Predation; Turdus migratorius; Urbanization.
Ano: 2004
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A Governing Framework for Climate Change Adaptation in the Built Environment Ecology and Society
Mazmanian, Daniel A.; University of Southern California; mazmania@price.usc.edu; Jurewitz, John; Pomona College; john.jurewitz@gmail.com; Nelson, Hal T.; Claremont Graduate University; hal.nelson@cgu.edu.
Developing an approach to governing adaptation to climate change is severely hampered by the dictatorship of the present when the needs of future generations are inadequately represented in current policy making. We posit this problem as a function of the attributes of adaptation policy making, including deep uncertainty and nonstationarity, where past observations are not reliable predictors of future outcomes. Our research links organizational decision-making attributes with adaptation decision making and identifies cases in which adaptation actions cause spillovers, free riding, and distributional impacts. We develop a governing framework for adaptation that we believe will enable policy, planning, and major long-term development decisions to be made...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Adaptive management; California; Climate change adaptation; Governance; Planning.
Ano: 2013
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Integration of Regional Mitigation Assessment and Conservation Planning Ecology and Society
Thorne, James H; Information Center for the Environment, Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California, Davis; jhthorne@ucdavis.edu; Huber, Patrick R; Information Center for the Environment, Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California, Davis; prhuber@ucdavis.edu; Girvetz, Evan H; College of Forest Resources, University of Washington; girvetz@u.washington.edu; Quinn, Jim; Information Center for the Environment, Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California, Davis; jfquinn@ucdavis.edu; McCoy, Michael C; Information Center for the Environment, Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California, Davis; mcmccoy@ucdavis.edu.
Government agencies that develop infrastructure such as roads, waterworks, and energy delivery often impact natural ecosystems, but they also have unique opportunities to contribute to the conservation of regional natural resources through compensatory mitigation. Infrastructure development requires a planning, funding, and implementation cycle that can frequently take a decade or longer, but biological mitigation is often planned and implemented late in this process, in a project-by-project piecemeal manner. By adopting early regional mitigation needs assessment and planning for habitat-level impacts from multiple infrastructure projects, agencies could secure time needed to proactively integrate these obligations into regional conservation objectives....
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: California; Conservation planning; Greenprint; MARXAN; Regional mitigation assessment; Transportation planning.
Ano: 2009
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Efficient Conservation in a Utility-Maximization Framework Ecology and Society
Davis, Frank W; University of California; fd@bren.ucsb.edu; Costello, Christopher; University of California; costello@bren.ucsb.edu; Stoms, David; University of California; stoms@bren.ucsb.edu.
Systematic planning for biodiversity conservation is being conducted at scales ranging from global to national to regional. The prevailing planning paradigm is to identify the minimum land allocations needed to reach specified conservation targets or maximize the amount of conservation accomplished under an area or budget constraint. We propose a more general formulation for setting conservation priorities that involves goal setting, assessing the current conservation system, developing a scenario of future biodiversity given the current conservation system, and allocating available conservation funds to alter that scenario so as to maximize future biodiversity. Under this new formulation for setting conservation priorities, the value of a site depends on...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; Sierra Nevada; California; Conservation; Cost-effectiveness; Irreplaceability; Planning; Retention; Scenario.
Ano: 2006
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Summer seed mortality of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas Thunberg grown in Tomales Bay, California, USA : the influence of oyster stock, planting time, pathogens, and environmental stressors ArchiMer
Burge, Colleen; Judah, Linda; Conquest, Loveday; Griffin, Frederick; Cheney, Daniel; Suhrbier, Andrew; Vadopalas, Brent; Olin, Paul G.; Renault, Tristan; Friedman, Carolyn S..
Summer seed mortality (SSM) has occurred yearly in Tomales Bay, California since 1993. SSM has resulted in up to 90% cumulative losses, and has been associated with extreme temperature, phytoplankton blooms, and an oyster herpesvirus. In this study, three stocks of Pacific oysters were planted at three sites in California (Inner Tomales Bay, Outer Tomales Bay, and Bodega Harbor) in October of 2000 (Fall) and April of 2001 (Spring) and monitored for mortality, growth, and health status. In April of 2001, a similar study was conducted in Totten Inlet, WA state using cohorts of oysters planted in California; animals were monitored for mortality and growth. Temperature data were collected at all sites; phytoplankton abundance data were collected at the...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: California; Tomales Bay; Oyster herpesvirus; Temperature; Mortality; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oysters.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-2976.pdf
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Marine biodiversity offsetting: An analysis of the emergence of an environmental governance system in California ArchiMer
Jacob, Celine; Thorin, Sebastien; Pioch, Sylvain.
Most research studies related to biodiversity offsetting have focused on governance systems already in place in the terrestrial realm – these studies tend to rely on an approach of organizational economics, in particular in relation to mitigation banking schemes. In this study, emerging marine offsetting governance systems has been analyzed using the Actor–Network Theory (ANT) with the aim of highlighting the key elements that enable the emergence of marine offsetting tools. The ANT framework has been applied to four case studies in California using data collected in a field study that consisted of interviewing 30 stakeholders working closely with the issue of marine offsetting. Employing ANT allowed to ascertain the role of commonly studied elements such...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Governance; Biodiversity offset; Marine ecosystems; Actor Network theory; California.
Ano: 2018 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00436/54805/56329.pdf
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Environmental DNA (eDNA) applications for the conservation of imperiled crayfish (Decapoda: Astacidea) through monitoring of invasive species barriers and relocated populations ArchiMer
Cowart, Dominique; Breedveld, Koert G. H.; Ellis, Maria J.; Hall, Joshua M.; Larson, Eric R..
Native crayfish species often face competition and displacement by non-indigenous invasive crayfishes. Management responses implemented to preserve imperiled crayfishes may include the construction of physical barriers to prevent the spread of invasive crayfishes, and movement of native populations to "ark" sites that have not yet been invaded. These strategies require ongoing monitoring to determine their effectiveness. We propose that environmental DNA (eDNA), genetic material identified from environmental samples, can be useful for assessing advancing invasions and imperiled freshwater species associated with management interventions. We monitored a series of management interventions intending to isolate the endangered Shasta crayfish Pacifastacus...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Ark site; California; Endangered crayfishes; Pacifastacus fortis; Pacifastacus leniusculus; Translocation.
Ano: 2018 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00443/55453/60475.pdf
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[Proceedings of the 5th Symposium on Mesozoic and Cenozoic Decapod Crustaceans, Krakow, Poland, 2013: A tribute to Pál Mihály Müller / R.H.B. Fraaije, M. Hyžný, J.W.M. Jagt, M. Krobicki & B.W.M. van Bakel (eds.)]: A new species of icriocarcinid crab (Crustacea, Portunoidea) from the uppermost Cretaceous of California, USA: palaeobiogeographic implications Naturalis
Nyborg, T.; Ossó, A.; Vega, F.J..
A new species of icriocarcinid crab, Branchiocarcinus pacificus, is described from the uppermost Cretaceous Moreno Formation of California; in addition, an indeterminate species of the same genus is recorded from the Campanian of Hornby Island, Vancouver Island, Canada. The wide distribution of the Icriocarcinidae during the Late Cretaceous is confirmed.
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor Palavras-chave: Branchiocarcinus; New species; Maastrichtian; California; Canada; 42.74; 38.22.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/523865
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New poecilostomatoid copepod (Anthessiidae) associated with the opisthobranch Discodoris heathi off California Naturalis
Humes, Arthur G..
Katanthessius stocki new species, associated with the opisthobranch Discodoris heathi off California, is distinguished from Katanthessisus delamarei, its only congener, by its smaller size, the 1 – segmented endopod in leg 4, and the strongly recurved claw on the maxilliped of the male.
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor Palavras-chave: Katanthessius; Copepoda; Poecilostomatoida; California; Associate; Opisthobranch.
Ano: 1997 URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/505017
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Thermal resistance, developmental rate and heat shock proteins in <i>Artemia franciscana</i>, from San Francisco Bay and southern Vietnam OMA
Clegg, J.S.; Jackson, S.A.; Van Hoa, N.; Sorgeloos, P..
Cysts (encysted gastrula embryos) of <i>Artemia franciscana</i> collected from salterns in San Francisco Bay, California, USA (SF) were inoculated into much warmer growth ponds in the Mekong Delta region of Vietnam (V) in 1996. V adults arising directly from these cysts during 17 April to 15 May produced their own cysts, which were collected, processed and stored until shipped to the USA for study. Adults grown in the laboratory from SF cysts (those used for the inoculation) were less resistant to high temperature than adults cultured from V cysts. V cysts produced heat-resistant adults, even though cultured under the same laboratory conditions as SF animals, at much lower temperatures than they ever experienced in Vietnam. Differences in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Adaptations Biological development Cysts Growth rate Temperature effects Temperature tolerance Zooplankton Artemia Artemia franciscana INE USA; California.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://www.vliz.be/nl/open-marien-archief?module=ref&refid=4597
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International study on <i>Artemia</i> : 25. Factors determining the nutritional effectiveness of <i>Artemia</i> : the relative impact of chlorinated hydrocarbons and essential fatty acids in San Francisco Bay and San Pablo Bay <i>Artemia</i> OMA
Léger, P.; Sorgeloos, P.; Millamena, O.M.; Simpson, K.L..
Different <i>Artemia</i> cyst samples harvested from the San Francisco and the San Pablo Bay regions (California, USA), and suspect because of their poor nutritional performance in fish and crustacean farming, have been analyzed for their chlorinated hydrocarbon and fatty acid content. These results have been correlated with survival, growth, and biomass production of larvae of the marine crustacean <i>Mysidopsis bahia</i> Molenock fed those different <i>Artemia</i> in a standard culture test. Differences in chlorinated hydrocarbon content do not correlate with differences in mysid culture performance. Fatty acid profiles reveal three groups of <i>Artemia</i> batches with high, intermediate, and low levels of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Chlorinated hydrocarbons Fatty acids Nutritional requirements Artemia INE; USA; California; San Francisco Bay INE; USA; California; San Pablo Bay.
Ano: 1985 URL: http://www.vliz.be/nl/open-marien-archief?module=ref&refid=3965
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Strategic Incentives in Biosecurity Actions: Theoretical and Empirical Analyses AgEcon
Kobayashi, Mimako; Melkonyan, Tigran A..
We model a game between two players taking biosecurity actions and characterize the Nash equilibria and their properties for the cases of strategic complements and substitutes. Implications of the theoretical model are investigated using data for biosecurity behavior among producers participating in a livestock exhibition. Biosecurity actions with own benefits and lasting impacts in home communities exhibit a positive relationship with behavior of the producers from geographically close areas. The number and probabilities of biosecurity actions taken by exhibitors are positively associated with the number of animals exhibited and they vary among commercial and hobby producers and across species/types of commercial production.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: California; Livestock disease; Livestock exhibition; Strategic complements; Strategic substitutes; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117152
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Impacts of a Ban on the Sales of Florida Honey Tangerines in California Due to Citrus Black Spot AgEcon
Brown, Mark G..
Citrus black spot (CBS) was discovered in March of 2010 near Immokalee in Collier County. CBS may adversely impact citrus growers both through demand and supply impacts. This paper has focused on the demand side of the equation. The analysis has also focused on Florida honey tangerines and the market in California. This market accounts for about 17.7% of Florida honey tangerine sales. If Florida product were banned from California in fear of CBS spreading there, the FOB price for Florida honey tangerines is estimated to decline by $3.48 to $4.40 per box, all else constant. The on-tree price would be expected to decline by the same amounts. However, with respect to production costs, all else would not be constant. Growers would be expected to bear...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Citrus black spot; Honey tangerine; California; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/104354
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Analyzing Resources for the Production of High-Value Agricultural Products in the California High Desert AgEcon
Phillips, Jon C.; Hays, Lauren.
Urbanization of previously undeveloped land is a critical concern in Southern California. Housing development brings with it several potentially detrimental effects, among which are hardening of the landscape (pavement), diminished water absorption into the soil, and increased harmful runoff into the Pacific Ocean. The High Desert Region of San Bernardino County, California is an area currently experiencing significant development pressure. It is our belief that the development of agricultural production could, to some extent, substitute for residential and commercial development, and that agricultural production is a more sustainable use of the land in this area. This report examines and inventories resources of an unincorporated area near the Cajon Pass...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: High-value agricultural products; Resources; Desert; California; Strategic planning; Sustainable agriculture; Demographics; Direct marketing; Farm Management; Production Economics.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7427
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AN OVERVIEW OF IMMIGRATION AND THE CHANGING FACE OF RURAL CALIFORNIA: THE CENTRAL SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY AgEcon
Huffman, Wallace E..
This paper examines the aggregate performance of California agriculture relative to Florida and U.S. agriculture, 1960-1993, the economics of the California raisin grape industry which uses large quantities of migratory labor for the grape harvest, and schools and schooling of farm workers'’ children in the Parlier area. The major conclusions are that the labor intensity of California (and Florida) agriculture has fallen much less than for the whole U.S., the raisin grape industry of the Central San Joaquin Valley is struggling due to labor availability and prospects of greater foreign competition, and schooling is one of the most promising routes to a better life for the children of adult farm workers.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Immigration; Raisin grapes; Farm workers; Schools; Schooling; Small town; California; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 1999 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18249
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Commodity Policies and Product Differentiation: the California Milk Marketing Order and the Organic Dairy Sector AgEcon
Balagtas, Joseph Valdes; Kreutzer, Kristina N..
This paper evaluates the economic consequences of milk marketing orders for producers and consumers in organic and conventional milk markets. We develop a multi-market equilibrium displacement model that disaggregates the organic and conventional segments of the California milk market in order to evaluate the economic effects of alternative policies. We find that exemption of organics from marketing order regulation would make organic farmers better off at the expense of conventional farmers, but that complete deregulation would make both organic and conventional farms worse off.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: California; Cartel; Dairy; Equilibrium displacement model; Milk marketing orders; Organic; Demand and Price Analysis; Marketing.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9964
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A Two Stage Model of the Demand For Specialty Crop Insurance AgEcon
Richards, Timothy J..
Proposals for reform of the federal multiple-peril crop insurance program for specialty crops seek to change fees for catastrophic (CAT) insurance from a nominal fifty-dollar per contract registration fee to an actuarially sound premium. Growers argue that this would cause a significant reduction in participation rates, thus impeding the program's goals of eventually obviating the need for ad hoc disaster payments and worsening the actuarial soundness of the program. The key policy issue is, therefore, empirical one - whether the demand for specialty crop insurance is elastic or inelastic. Previous studies of this issue using either grower or county-level field crop data typically treat the participation problem as either a discrete insure / don't insure...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: California; Crop insurance; Discrete/continuous choice; Grapes; Multinomial logit.; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 1998 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28546
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Economic Aspects of the California Nursery and Floral Industry, 2001–2009 AgEcon
Carman, Hoy F..
California’s nursery and floral industry is the largest in the United States with a farm value for product sales totaling $3.78 billion in 2009. When floral and nursery product sales are combined, the industry ranks second among all California agricultural products, following the dairy industry. Production is in 55 of California’s 58 counties, although 16 counties account for more than 87% of the value of production. San Diego County dominates the industry with annual sales over $1 billion in 2007, 2008, and 2009. Since its 2008 and 2009 sales increased while California’s statewide sales decreased, San Diego County increased its share of California sales from 26% in 2007 to 30.3% in 2009. California is the largest single retail market for lawn and garden...
Tipo: Technical Report Palavras-chave: California; Nursery industry; Floral industry; Retail nursery sales; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries; Production Economics.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121696
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Variation in Environmental Regulations in California and Effects on Dairy Location AgEcon
Sneeringer, Stacy E.; Hogle, Regina.
In recent decades, urban encroachment and increasing environmental regulation have impacted California’s dairy industry. A complicated set of environmental legislation affects dairies in the state, and can differ depending on location, creating the possibility for within-state pollution havens. This article details the regional, state, and federal environmental regulation of California’s dairy industry, and examines data to see if it matches a hypothesis of regulation affecting dairy location. Using county-year data, we show evidence of changing dairy location within the state matching times of local legislative action. The Central Valley gained production, while the more regulated and urban-affected Los Angeles area lost. Large dairies have increased by...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Pollution haven; California; Dairy; Environmental regulation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45667
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Traceability Adoption by Specialty Crop Producers in California AgEcon
Stuller, Zachary J.; Rickard, Bradley J..
Surveys were sent to specialty crop producers in California, predominantly grower-packer-shippers, during the first half of 2006 to better understand the motives for traceability adoption. The questions in our survey allowed respondents to consider the benefits of tracing. A representative tracing system for melons was developed and costs for the system were collected from industry sources. Values were assigned to the benefits of traceability based on the cost of the representative system, responses collected in our survey, and using Borda’s rule. Results suggest that litigation concerns and firm reputation are the key drivers for maintaining traceability.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Borda’s rule; California; Partial budget; Specialty crops; Survey; Traceability; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90637
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