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Immunology and immunopathology of African trypanosomiasis Anais da ABC (AABC)
Vincendeau,Philippe; Bouteille,Bernard.
Major modifications of immune system have been observed in African trypanosomiasis. These immune reactions do not lead to protection and are also involved in immunopathology disorders. The major surface component (variable surface glycoprotein,VSG) is associated with escape to immune reactions, cytokine network dysfunctions and autoantibody production. Most of our knowledge result from experimental trypanosomiasis. Innate resistance elements have been characterised. In infected mice, VSG preferentially stimulates a Th 1-cell subset. A response of <FONT FACE=Symbol>gd</FONT> and CD8 T cells to trypanosome antigens was observed in trypanotolerant cattle. An increase in CD5 B cells, responsible for most serum IgM and production of autoantibodies...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Trypanosome; African trypanosomiasis; Immunology; Macrophage; Lymphocytes; Nitric oxide; Cytokine; Autoantibodies.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652006000400004
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Effects of Chitosan on the Secretion of Cytokines and Expression of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase mRNA in Peritoneal Macrophages of Broiler Chicken BABT
Li,Huiying; Shi,Binlin; Yan,Sumei; Zhao,Tianzhang; Li,Junliang; Guo,Xiaoyu.
An in vitro experiment was conducted to study the effects of chitosan on the secretion of cytokines and expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase mRNA in peritoneal macrophages of broiler chicken. In the experiment, peritoneal macrophages were incubated for 24 h in culture medium supplemented with 0 (control), 40, 80, 160 and 320 µg/mL chitosan. The results showed that chitosan tended to increase quadratically the levels of interleukin-1 (P = 0.093) and interleukin-2 (P = 0.106) in the culture fluid of peritoneal macrophage. Chitosan also significantly enhanced inducible nitric oxide synthase mRNA expression of peritoneal macrophage in a quadratic dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05) and tended to promote quadratically the secretion of nitric oxide (P =...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Chitosan; Broiler chicken; Peritoneal macrophages; Cytokine; Inducible nitric oxide synthase.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132014000400466
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Correlation of interleukin-18 gene polymorphism with the susceptibility of condyloma acuminatum in Chinese population BJID
Wang,Changyuan; Wei,Li; Chu,Weilin; Yu,Haiyang; Yu,Xinjuan; Li,Chunxia.
ABSTRACT Host immunogenetic setting is involved in the regulation of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and development of condyloma acuminatum (CA). We investigated the correlation of two common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (−607C/A and −137G/C) of IL-18 with the susceptibility of CA in a large Chinese cohort. Out of 408 CA patients analyzed, 300 had HPV infection transmitted through sexual contact (SC) and 108 through non-sexual contact (NSC). In addition, 360 healthy volunteers were enrolled as controls. SNPs at positions −607C/A and −137G/C in IL-18 promoter were analyzed. Comparing CA patients to healthy controls, no dominant relevance was found between the IL-18 promoter −607 C/A or −137G/C polymorphisms and the CA disease either...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Condyloma acuminatum; Human papillomavirus; Cytokine; Single nucleotide polymorphism; IL-18.
Ano: 2019 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702019000600388
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Cytokine expression patterns and mesenchymal stem cell karyotypes from the bone marrow microenvironment of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes BJMBR
Xiong,H.; Yang,X.Y.; Han,J.; Wang,Q.; Zou,Z.L..
The purpose of this study was to explore cytokine expression patterns and cytogenetic abnormalities of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from the bone marrow microenvironment of Chinese patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Bone marrow samples were obtained from 30 cases of MDS (MDS group) and 30 healthy donors (control group). The expression pattern of cytokines was detected by customized protein array. The karyotypes of MSCs were analyzed using fluorescence in situ hybridization. Compared with the control group, leukemia inhibitory factor, stem cell factor (SCF), stromal cell-derived factor (SDF-1), bone morphogenetic protein 4, hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) stimulating factor, and transforming growth factor-β in the MDS group were significantly...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Bone marrow microenvironment; Cytokine; Mesenchymal stem cell; Chromosome; Pathogenesis.
Ano: 2015 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2015000300207
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Pharmacological study of anti-allergic activity of Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels BJMBR
Brito,F.A.; Lima,L.A.; Ramos,M.F.S.; Nakamura,M.J.; Cavalher-Machado,S.C.; Siani,A.C.; Henriques,M.G.M.O.; Sampaio,A.L.F..
Myrtaceae is a plant family widely used in folk medicine and Syzygium and Eugenia are among the most important genera. We investigated the anti-allergic properties of an aqueous leaf extract of Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels (SC). HPLC analysis revealed that hydrolyzable tannins and flavonoids are the major components of the extract. Oral administration of SC (25-100 mg/kg) in Swiss mice (20-25 g; N = 7/group) inhibited paw edema induced by compound 48/80 (50% inhibition, 100 mg/kg; P <= 0.05) and, to a lesser extent, the allergic paw edema (23% inhibition, 100 mg/kg; P <= 0.05). SC treatment also inhibited the edema induced by histamine (58% inhibition; P <= 0.05) and 5-HT (52% inhibition; P <= 0.05) but had no effect on platelet-aggregating...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Myrtaceae; Syzygium cumini; Allergy; Paw edema; Pleurisy; Cytokine.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2007000100014
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Dynamics of immunosuppression in hamsters with experimental visceral leishmaniasis BJMBR
Fazzani,C.; Guedes,P.A.; Senna,A.; Souza,E.B.; Goto,H.; Lindoso,J.A.L..
Immunosuppression has been reported to occur during active visceral leishmaniasis and some factors such as the cytokine profile may be involved in this process. In the mouse model of cutaneous leishmaniasis using Leishmania (Leishmania) major, the Th1 response is related to protection while the Th2 response is related to disease progression. However, in hamsters, which are considered to be an excellent model for the study of visceral leishmaniasis, this dichotomy is not observed. Using outbred 45- to 60-day-old (140 to 150 g) male hamsters infected intraperitoneally with 2 x 10(7) L. (L.) chagasi amastigotes, we evaluated the immune response of spleen cells and the production of cytokines. We used 3 to 7 hamsters per group evaluated. We detected a...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Immunosuppression; Leishmania(Leishmania) chagasi; Hamster; Cytokine; T-cell proliferation.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2011000700009
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Association between the -174 G/C promoter polymorphism of the interleukin-6 gene and cardiovascular disease risk factors in Brazilian older women BJMBR
Tonet,A.C; Karnikowski,M; Moraes,C.F; Gomes,L; Karnikowski,M.G.O; Córdova,C; Nóbrega,O.T.
In worldwide studies, interleukin-6 (IL-6) is implicated in age-related disturbances. The aim of the present report was to determine the possible association of IL-6 -174 C/G promoter polymorphism with the cytokine profile as well as with the presence of selected cardiovascular risk features. This was a cross-sectional study on Brazilian women aged 60 years or older. A sample of 193 subjects was investigated for impaired glucose regulation, diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Genotyping was done by direct sequencing of PCR products. IL-6 and C-reactive protein were quantified by high-sensitivity assays. General linear regression models or the Student t-test were used to compare continuous variables among genotypes, followed by adjustments for...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Cytokine; Interleukin-6; Genetics; Elderly; Cardiovascular disease; Brazil.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2008000100008
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Corticosteroids in acute respiratory distress syndrome BJMBR
Fernandes,A.B.S.; Zin,W.A.; Rocco,P.R.M..
Improving the course and outcome of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome presents a challenge. By understanding the immune status of a patient, physicians can consider manipulating proinflammatory systems more rationally. In this context, corticosteroids could be a therapeutic tool in the armamentarium against acute respiratory distress syndrome. Corticosteroid therapy has been studied in three situations: prevention in high-risk patients, early treatment with high-dose, short-course therapy, and prolonged therapy in unresolving cases. There are differences between the corticosteroid trials of the past and recent trials: today, treatment starts 2-10 days after disease onset in patients that failed to improve; in the past, the corticosteroid...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Acute respiratory distress syndrome; Collagen; Cytokine; Methylprednisolone; Experimental models; Clinical trials.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2005000200003
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Absence of peripheral blood mononuclear cells priming in hemodialysis patients BJMBR
Santos,B.C.; Starobinas,N.; Barbuto,J.A.M.; Russo,M.; Schor,N..
As a consequence of the proinflammatory environment occurring in dialytic patients, cytokine overproduction has been implicated in hemodialysis co-morbidity. However, there are discrepancies among the various studies that have analyzed TNF-alpha synthesis and the presence of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) priming in this clinical setting. We measured bioactive cytokine by the L929 cell bioassay, and evaluated PBMC TNF-alpha production by 32 hemodialysis patients (HP) and 51 controls. No difference in TNF-alpha secretion was observed between controls and HP (859 ± 141 vs 697 ± 130 U/10(6) cells). Lipopolysaccharide (5 µg/ml) did not induce any further TNF-alpha release, showing no PBMC priming. Paraformaldehyde-fixed HP PBMC were not cytotoxic to...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Cytokine; Stress response; Translational control; Transcriptional blockage; Priming; Membrane-anchored tumor necrosis factor.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2003000200009
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Inactivated Parapoxvirus ovis induces a transient increase in the expression of proinflammatory, Th1-related, and autoregulatory cytokines in mice BJMBR
Anziliero,D.; Weiblen,R.; Kreutz,L.C.; Spilki,F.; Flores,E.F..
The immunostimulatory properties of inactivated Parapoxvirus ovis (iPPVO) have long been investigated in different animal species and experimental settings. In this study, we investigated the effects of iPPVO on cytokine expression in mice after intraperitoneal inoculation. Spleen and sera collected from iPPVO-treated mice at intervals after inoculation were submitted to cytokine mRNA determination by real-time PCR (qPCR), serum protein concentration by ELISA, and interferon (IFN)-α/β activity by bioassay. The spleen of iPPVO-treated animals showed a significant increase in mRNA expression of all cytokines assayed, with different kinetics and magnitude. Proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and IL-8 mRNA peaked...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Cytokine; MRNA; ORF virus; Immunostimulant; Innate immune response.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2014000200110
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Long-chain n-3 fatty acids and inflammation: potential application in surgical and trauma patients BJMBR
Calder,P.C..
Lipids used in nutritional support of surgical or critically ill patients have been based on soybean oil, which is rich in the n-6 fatty acid linoleic acid (18:2n-6). Linoleic acid is the precursor of arachidonic acid (20:4n-6). In turn, arachidonic acid in cell membrane phospholipids is the substrate for the synthesis of a range of biologically active compounds (eicosanoids) including prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes. These compounds can act as mediators in their own right and can also act as regulators of other processes, such as platelet aggregation, blood clotting, smooth muscle contraction, leukocyte chemotaxis, inflammatory cytokine production, and immune function. There is a view that an excess of n-6 fatty acids should be avoided...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Polyunsaturated fatty acid; Fish oil; Inflammation; Eicosanoid; Cytokine; Critical illness.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2003000400004
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Plasma cytokine response, lipid peroxidation and NF-κB activation in skeletal muscle following maximum progressive swimming BJMBR
Oleto,A.F.; Sousa,L.P.; Barreto,T.O.; Cruz,J.S.; Penaforte,C.L.; Magalhães,J.C.; Sousa-Franco,J.; Pinto,K.M.C.; Campi-Azevedo,A.C.; Rocha-Vieira,E..
Our objective was to determine lipid peroxidation and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation in skeletal muscle and the plasma cytokine profile following maximum progressive swimming. Adult male Swiss mice (N = 15) adapted to the aquatic environment were randomly divided into three groups: immediately after exercise (EX1), 3 h after exercise (EX2) and control. Animals from the exercising groups swam until exhaustion, with an initial workload of 2% of body mass attached to the tail. Control mice did not perform any exercise but were kept immersed in water for 20 min. Maximum swimming led to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in skeletal muscle, as indicated by increased thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) levels (4062.67 ±1487.10 vs 19,072.48 ±...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Swimming; NF-κB; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-10; Thiobarbituric acid reactive species; Cytokine.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2011000600008
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Butyrate induces apoptosis in murine macrophages via caspase-3, but independent of autocrine synthesis of tumor necrosis factor and nitric oxide BJMBR
Ramos,M.G.; Rabelo,F.L.A.; Duarte,T.; Gazzinelli,R.T.; Alvarez-Leite,J.I..
We demonstrated that 4 mM butyrate induces apoptosis in murine peritoneal macrophages in a dose- and time-dependent manner as indicated by studies of cell viability, flow cytometric analysis of annexin-V binding, DNA ladder pattern and the determination of hypodiploid DNA content. The activity of caspase-3 was enhanced during macrophage apoptosis induced by butyrate and the caspase inhibitor z-VAD-FMK (100 µM) inhibited the butyrate effect, indicating the major role of the caspase cascade in the process. The levels of butyrate-induced apoptosis in macrophages were enhanced by co-treatment with 1 µg/ml bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). However, our data indicate that apoptosis induced by butyrate and LPS involves different mechanisms. Thus, LPS-induced...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Butyrate; Apoptosis; Caspase; Nitric oxide; Cytokine; Macrophage.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2002000200004
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Immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids BJMBR
Calder,P.C..
1. Fish oils are rich in the long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), eicosapentaenoic (20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic (22:6n-3) acids. Linseed oil and green plant tissues are rich in the precursor fatty acid, <FONT FACE="Symbol">a</font>-linolenic acid (18:3n-3). Most vegetable oils are rich in the n-6 PUFA linoleic acid (18:2n-6), the precursor of arachidonic acid (20:4n-6). 2. Arachidonic acid-derived eicosanoids such as prostaglandin E2 are pro-inflammatory and regulate the functions of cells of the immune system. Consumption of fish oils leads to replacement of arachidonic acid in cell membranes by eicosapentaenoic acid. This changes the amount and alters the balance of eicosanoids produced. 3. Consumption of fish oils diminishes...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Lymphocyte; Macrophage; Immune system; Inflammation; Fish oil; Polyunsaturated fatty acid; Cytokine; Eicosanoid.
Ano: 1998 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1998000400002
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Up-regulation of human immune system function by Donkey’s Milk BJPS
Taghiloo,Saeid; Allahmoradi,Esmaeil; Sadeghian-Kiadehi,Seyedeh Forough; Omrani-Nava,Versa; Nazar,Eisa; Ebrahimzadeh,Mohammad Ali.
Donkey’s milk represents a good alternative to human milk because of its chemical characteristics similar to those of human’s. In present study, the pro- and anti-inflammatory effects of donkey’s milk were evaluated on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). PBMCs were isolated from 12 young and 12 aged normal subjects. PBMCs were cultured with or without the optimal and non-cytotoxic dose of pasteurized donkey’s milk, and polymyxin B was used to inhibit the possible endotoxin contamination. Following 18 hours incubation, culture supernatants were harvested to measure the secreted Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Interleukin-8 (IL-8) and Interleukin-10 (IL-10) by ELISA. Donkey’s milk significantly increased TNF-α (p= 0.01), IL-8...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Donkey’s milk; ELISA; Immune system; Aged subject; Cytokine.
Ano: 2020 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-82502020000100607
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Vaccines for finfish aquaculture: What do we need to know to make them work? Electron. J. Biotechnol.
Dixon,Brian.
Aquaculture still faces serious economic impacts due to the loss of animals to disease. A conservative estimate of 5% losses due to disease means that the finfish aquaculture industry loses over $1 billion annually on a global scale. One proven way to prevent costly disease outbreaks is to vaccinate fish against common or known pathogens. Current vaccination schemes still result in losses, however, and this may be due in part to vaccine design. Vaccines are currently designed using state of the art knowledge of immune responses, which is based primarily on mammalian studies. Just how applicable is this information to fish immunity and vaccine design, however? This review discusses what is currently known for teleost fish about two key processes that drive...
Tipo: Journal article Palavras-chave: Antibody; Antigen presentation; Cloning; Cytokine; Immunity; Major histocompatibility complex receptors.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582012000500014
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Expression profile of genes associated with mastitis in dairy cattle Genet. Mol. Biol.
Fonseca,Isabela; Silva,Priscila Vendramini; Lange,Carla Christine; Guimarães,Marta F.M.; Weller,Mayara Morena Del Cambre Amaral; Sousa,Katiene Régia Silva; Lopes,Paulo Sávio; Guimarães,José Domingos; Guimarães,Simone E.F..
In order to characterize the expression of genes associated with immune response mechanisms to mastitis, we quantified the relative expression of the IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IFN-γ and TNF-α genes in milk cells of healthy cows and cows with clinical mastitis. Total RNA was extracted from milk cells of six Black and White Holstein (BW) cows and six Gyr cows, including three animals with and three without mastitis per breed. Gene expression was analyzed by real-time PCR. IL-10 gene expression was higher in the group of BW and Gyr cows with mastitis compared to animals free of infection from both breeds (p < 0.05). It was also higher in BW Holstein animals with clinical mastitis (p < 0.001), but it was not significant when Gyr cows with and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Cytokine; Gene expression; Immune response; Real-time PCR.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572009000400018
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Simultaneous overexpression of GH and STAT5b genes inhibits the STAT5 signalling pathway in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) embryos Genet. Mol. Biol.
Marins,Luis Fernando; Iyengar,Arati; Maclean,Norman; Levy,Jose A.; Sohm,Frédéric.
In this study, we describe the use of a STAT5 responsive element (LHRE) reporter gene to monitor the activity of the growth hormone (GH) transduction pathway following expression of heterologous fish GH and rat STAT5b in tilapia embryos and fish fibroblast cells. Our results indicate that both GH and STAT5b are able to activate the LHRE at high levels when transferred separately, demonstrating the substantial level of conservation of the GH signal transduction pathways between fish and mammals. Unexpectedly, co-expression experiments show a strong inhibition of the GH-dependent activation, suggesting that simultaneous GH and STAT5b overexpression can counteract effects of GH expression in tilapia embryos.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Teleost; Growth hormone; Signal transduction; Cytokine; Trangenesis signal transducers and activators of transcription.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572002000300007
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The Effect of Visfatin on Inflammatory Reaction in Uterus of LPS-Induced Rats International Journal of Morphology
Yang,Zhi; Xiao,Ke; Wang,Wei; Tang,Juan; Sun,Peng-Peng; Peng,Ke-Mei; Song,Hui.
The present study was to investigate the effects of visfatin on the morphological structure and function of the rat uterus during inflammation. The expression and distribution of visfatin, morphological structure, eosinophils (EOS), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and cytokines in the uterus of the LPS-induced rat were studied using hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE), immunohistochemical methods, western blots and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The present study showed that visfatin positive cells dispersed widely in the uterus, and strong positive staining was observed mainly in the cell cytoplasm. Compared with saline group, in visfatin group, more uterine glands were found, EOS increased, and the difference was significant (P<0.05), MPO reduced, and...
Tipo: Journal article Palavras-chave: Visfatin; LPS-induced rat; Uterus; Inflammation; Cytokine.
Ano: 2015 URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022015000100031
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Partial purification and functional characterization of Ts19 Frag-I, a novel toxin from Tityus serrulatus scorpion venom J. Venom. Anim. Toxins incl. Trop. Dis.
Lima,Priscila C.; Bordon,Karla C. F.; Pucca,Manuela B.; Cerni,Felipe A.; Zoccal,Karina F.; Faccioli,Lucia H.; Arantes,Eliane C..
Abstract Background The yellow scorpion Tityus serrulatus (Ts) is responsible for the highest number of accidents and the most severe scorpion envenoming in Brazil. Although its venom has been studied since the 1950s, it presents a number of orphan peptides that have not been studied so far. The objective of our research was to isolate and identify the components present in the fractions VIIIA and VIIIB of Ts venom, in order to search for a novel toxin. The major isolated toxins were further investigated for macrophage modulation. Methods The fractions VIIIA and VIIIB, obtained from Ts venom cation exchange chromatography, were rechromatographed on a C18 column (4.6 × 250 mm) followed by a reversed-phase chromatography using another C18 column (2.1 ×...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Β-KTx; Cytokine; Interleukin; Neurotoxin; Pro-inflammatory; Scorpion venom; Tityus serrulatus.
Ano: 2015 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992015000100353
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